Fixed Prosthodontics

Fixed
Prosthodontics
Fixed prosthodontics :
fixed partial denture is a prosthetic dental
restoration, or filling, that is binded permanently to
tooth roots, dental implants, or natural teeth. It is
used to fill in spans, or gaps, caused by one or more
missing teeth
PARTS OF FIXED PROSTHODONTICS
1-Pontics
2-Retainers
3-connectors
Pontics:
is suspended member of the fixed bridge
,which replaces the coronal portion of the missing
natural tooth restoring its
function and esthetics .
Retainers:
extra coronal restorations cemented to prepared
abutment teeth
Connectors:
rigid-non rigid joint connection between the pontic and
the retainer
TYPES OF BRIDGE:
1-Fixed Fixed bridge
2-Fixed movable bridge
3-Caniilever bridge
4-Resin bonded bridge
h. The lay term for a fixed partial denture is

"bridge," because its function is to "bridge" the
space between teeth
TYPE OF CROWN
Porclelain 2-ceramic
fused to Metal
metal
Working cast
Is the replica of the prepared teeth .ridge area .and other
parts of dental arch.
There is two basic working cast and die system

1_working cast with separate die .multiple pour
technique
2_working cast with removable die.
Cast with removable die according to the method
A-die-lock tray
B-dowel pin
According to the time of dowel pin placement

A-Wet pinning technique.pre pour technique
B-dry-pinning technique.post-pour technique or pindex system
Requirement of working cast are

1-the must be bubble free, especially along the finish lines of the
prepared teeth
2-All portions of the cast must be distortion free
3-The cast must be trimmed to insure acces for carving wax
pattern margins
ADVANTAGESOF WORKING
CASTWITHSEPEPARATEDIE
1-Simplest method of fabricated a working cast and die
2-Keeps the relation between abutment teeth
3-Easier to obtain physiologically harmonious contours of the
wax pattern
DIS Advantages
wax distortion due transferred it from the separated die to the
working cast
specification
sufficientlenght
octagonal in cross section
parallel the long axis of the tooth

TYPES OF SWING
PARALLEL TAPER
Die:
The die is model of the individual prepared tooth composed of
two part duplicate of the prepared tooth and an extension
Requirement of the die:
1-Repoduce exactly the prepared teeth
2-All surfaces must be free from any defects ''EX' BUBBLES
NODULES'
3-Remaining unprepared tooth structure cervical to the finish
line ['by0.5-1mm]should be clear on the die to facilitate
establishing proper cervical contours
4-Allow an easy adequate access to the margin in .
DITCHING THE DIE 'TRIMMING THE DIE
the die is trimming gingival to the finish

line of preparation
using apear -shaed
final trimming of the die is

accomplished whith asharp
blade
WAX PATTERN
is the precursor of the finished cast restoration that will be

placed on the prepared tooth
the wax pattern will be duplicated exactly through
the investing and casting technique ,the final restoration will be
exactly as the wax pattern
TYPE OF WAX USED IN WAX PATTERN

Type 1for intra oral patterns construdion ,in cases inly
Type 2for extra oral patterns construction using wax of
different color consistence done in most cases of crown and
bridge
INLAY WAX
SOFT
HARD MEDUUM
soft inlay wax

used in fabrication of initial layer of wax pattern [coping
fabrication]
medium inly wax

used in bulid up of the bulk of the wax pattern contour
hard inlay wax

use at the margin to prevent any wax distortion at the margin
methods of wax
DIPPING
ADDITION
MOLTEN
STEPS OF wax PATTERN

1-coping fabrication
2- Axial contouring
3- waxing of occlusal morphology
4- margin adaptation and fishing
5-Evaluation ,finishing , and polishing
TYPEOF THE RING
RUBBRE METAL
TYPE OF THE INVESTMENT

1-GYPSUM BONDED INVESTMENT
It can be burn out to 704 c without breakdown it is used for low
fusing alloys as gold
2-PHOSPHAT BONDED INVESTMENT

It can be burn out to1037c without breakdown it is used for high
fusing alloys As cobalt chrom
3- SILICABONDED INVESTMENT
with stand high temperature
SUPRIG:
BURN OUT
Means removal of wax pattern so that a mold is creating into which
the molten can be ced wax burn out is done by heating the
investment in controlled burn out furnace until all traces of wax
pattern is vaporized to obtain complete empty mold ready to receive
the molten alloy by casting the ring is placed in the furnace while
spure for merfocing down to allow complete escape of molten wax
casting machine:
Is placed in the furnace while spure fo mer focing down to allow
complete escape of molten
Is contain investment during and hold it until setting in this
procedure metallic casting ring used and ceramic paper as ring liner
to act as cushion to allow investment expansion and facilitated
removal of the investment block from the ring after casting.
Dental porcelain:
Dental porcelain is a vitreous ceramic based on silica network.
Supplied form:
Power in different shades mixed with distilled water .
Applications:
1. Denture teeth
2. Crown &bridge
3. Inlays
4. Onlays
5. Laminate veneer[layer of ceramic bonded to the facial surface
of the prepared tooth]
Layer of dental porcelain:
a) opaque porcelain:
1. Masks of the metal
2. Tt is responsible for the metal ceramic bond
b) Body porcelain:
Conjunction whith the incical porcelain
c) Enmal
Laboratory Procedures
After receive the impression from the dentist, wedisinfected
with Clorox for 10 minutes.Then we poured the prepared
tooth areas by type IV die stone.
The pinning technique is used to placed the dowel-pin in
correct position (At the center of crown- At the angel 45in the
impression.and there is the dry_pinning technique or pindex
system.
The Depth of dowel-pin in until the end of the head.
We poured the prepared tooth areas type IV die stone and
placed the retentive pieces then we make holes near the
dowel-pin.
There are two types of poured technique the impression can
we use to avoid the air bubble. The Upper poured from the
palate and the Lower poured from the edge with little
vibrate by hand or by vibration.
Then we Placed the separating medium on the die located
,and placed the little wax ball on the tip of die located to
facilitate the location of the die in the cast base.
Then we Poured the second poure from plaster after
Surrounding the impression by Boxing wax.
after the cast setting we make the trimming until the wax ball
appear
We Draw the line by pencil to the die from the mesial and
distal to cut the die from the cast.and the lines should be taper
occluso_servically to prevent under cut.
We use a saw to cut the die stone portion of the cast is
sectioned in both mesial and distal aspect of the die.
The Die trimming used by burse of hand piece and sharp
knife to determine the finish line.
We take the jaw relation.
We build-up the crown by Wax addition technique using
PKT and wax pattern.
Make the cut back (shoulder) at the contact area (posterior)
Addition the sprue:

LocationThe sprue should be attached to the bulkiest part of
pattern, should be away from margin and occlusal and should
allow for positioning of the pattern in the ring and put on 45
degree angle
Attachment point of Attachment of sprue to wax should
becarefully smoothed because necking increases casting
porosity.
After that Investing the crown by using
Ring (metal or rubbe).
Ceramic paper liner used with metal ring.
The Investment material (gypsum-bounded invest , phosphate ,
silicate).
The crown should be in the center and the hight 9mm and the
width 6mm not least.
We add the investment in honey case to the casting ring
placed into the furnace to burnout the wax in up down
situation.
After heating the casting ring in dewaxing furnace to eliminate
the wax, the next step is casting the metal. This done by using
manual or half automatic or fully automatic casting machine,
the casting ring transferred to cast
INVESTING
Investing means surrounding the wax pattern and it is spur with a
material which can accurately duplicate it is shape and anatomical
features phosphate bonded investment material are used as
refractory material for casting of high meting alloy .
Mix the investment material and distilled water
[add powder to water to using the proper p\l ratio put the mix on
vibrator to eliminate air bubble pour the investment along the side of
the ring to fill it slowly from the bottimup avoid intrapment of air
bubble investment is left for 45minutes to alloy complete setting
machine to melt the alloy the ingot and inject it into the mold.
After cooling to room temperature, the investment breakdown
and clean the restoration from remaining investment materials.
We Cutting the sprue by abrasive disc and cleanup from any
remaining and check it for any defects.
After cleaning the metal crown the thickness was measured by
thickness gage and it should be 0.3mm.
After Cutting the sprue of the crown should be managed by the
sandblasting machine to produce fine scratches on the surface
of the crown to help the bonding between the metal and the
first layer of dental porcelain (opaque)
Put the crown in the furnace to make the oxide layer.
Buildup of dental porcelain:

Opaque wash: Opaque powder is mixed with distilled water or
special liquid, A thin wash layer is applied with a brush
Second opaque layer is applied to mask the metal, Opaque
layer should be thin as possible, opaque layer should be
approx,0.3mm thick and put in the furnace of porcelain.
Mix the dentin porcelain with distilled water or special liquid,
Apply it over the opaque with a stable brush, Vibrate to
condense.
Mix the enamel porcelain with distilled water or special liquid.
And Apply enamel porcelain to restore the full contour. And
Condense & blot the excess liquid,And placed the crown in the
furnace.
We add the stain or the color.
Applied the layer Glaze to to crown.
Then we put on in the furnace.

Fixed Prosthodontics

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Fixed Prosthodontics

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Fixed

h. The lay term for a fixed partial denture is

There is two basic working cast and die system

According to the time of dowel pin placement

Requirement of working cast are

octagonal in cross section

parallel the long axis of the tooth

DITCHING THE DIE 'TRIMMING THE DIE

the die is trimming gingival to the finish

using apear -shaed

final trimming of the die is

is the precursor of the finished cast restoration that will be

TYPE OF WAX USED IN WAX PATTERN

soft inlay wax

medium inly wax

hard inlay wax

STEPS OF wax PATTERN

TYPE OF THE INVESTMENT

2-PHOSPHAT BONDED INVESTMENT

Addition the sprue:

Buildup of dental porcelain:

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