CHEE 3462 Unit Operations: Spring 2013
CHEE 3462 Unit Operations: Spring 2013
CHEE 3462 Unit Operations: Spring 2013
Spring 2013
Homework #8, Due Tuesday April 23, 2013
Problem 1.
Given: Table of particle-size distribution for perfect spheres of silica of size from 1 to almost 100
microns.
Analysis: The equations for Part (b) are as follows by calculations using the spreadsheet values on the
next page for the sums:
, 1
1
∑ ,
1 1 1
∑ , ∑∑
, ∑ ,
,
N D
3
i pi
5, 680,872
DS i 1
n
25.6 microns
N D
2 222, 058
i pi
i 1
N D i pi
12, 256
DN i 1
n
12.2 microns
N
1, 000
i
i 1
(3) Mass-mean diameter from solution to Exercise 17.4:
,
, , ,
N D
4
i pi
190, 270, 428
DW i 1
n
33.5 microns
N D
3 5, 680,872
i pi
i 1
1/ 3
n
N i D pi
3
5, 680,872
1/ 3
DV i 1 n 17.8 microns
1, 000
Ni
i 1
Given: Feed to the crystallizer consisting of a mixture of 5,870 lb/h of aqueous 35 wt% MgSO4 at 180oF
and 25 psia as a concentrate from an evaporator, and 10,500 lb/h of saturated aqueous recycle filtrate of
MgSO4 at 80oF and 25 psia. The vacuum crystallizer operates at 85oF and 0.58 psia to produce steam and
a magma of 25 wt% crystals and 75 wt% saturated solution.
Find: Evaporation rate of water in the crystallizer in lb/h and the production rate of crystals in tons/day
(dry basis for 2,000 lb/ton)
Compute the mass balance around the crystallizer. From Fig. 17.2,
Solubility of MgSO4 in water = 28 wt% and MgSO4 is crystallized as the heptahydrate
Crystals are 120.4/246.4 = 0.4886 mass fraction MgSO4 and 0.5114 mass fraction water.
Given: Surface energy of crystals may depend on surface electrical charge as well as on interfacial
tension. Relationship for electrical charge effect.
To predict a maximum, modify (1) by incorporating the given electrical charge effect, as follows:
c 4vs s , L 2q 2 vs
ln S ln 4
(2)
cs RTD p KRTD p
d c vs A 4 B
ln 0 (4)
dD p cs RT D p2 D p5
1/ 3
4B
1/ 3
2q 2
Dp
K
, which can be shown to be a maximum
A s,L
Problem 4.
Given: Crystal density of 4.50 g/cm3 and interfacial tension of 0.12 J/m2.
Analysis: Since from Table 17.6, BaSO4 is sparingly soluble in water, a high supersaturation ratio will be
needed. Try values of supersaturation ratio, S, of 50, 40, and 30; noting that the relative supersaturation,
s, from (17-17) is s = S – 1, so that in this case the two supersaturations are approximately the same.
16vs 3s,L N a
B o , number of nuclei formed/cm3 -s 1030 exp 2 2
(1)
3 RT ln S
3