CHAPTER II

THE REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter, the review related literature will help the readers to further understand

the effects of Clash of Clans addiction in general.

Related Literature

Foreign Literature

Playing videogames is perceived as an exciting aspect of the media landscape and

has experienced much expansion in recent years. There has been a rise in the number of

children who use video games in many parts of the world, particularly in the United States

(Hagan, et al.). Violent video games among children in the United States, playing hours for

videogames have increased from 4 hours every week in the 1980’s, to about 13 hours per

week in recent years.

Various studies have shown that violent content in videogames desensitizes

players, especially children, to real-world violence. When players become desensitized,

they tend to increase their aggression and decrease their empathy. Other researchers have

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indicated that playing videogames among children does not lead to significant aggressive

behavior since the magnitude of the effect in the meta-analysis may be an outcome of

publication bias. Despite pressure from various societies, many videogames contain a

considerable amount of violence. Violent games are seen to promote feelings of

excitement, satisfaction and empowerment among players.

7 Health Benefits of Playing Video Games, 2013. Danny Gallagher. Video

games provide pain relief. Video games don't just provide relief from emotional pain. They

can also help those who are suffering from physical pain. Psychologists at the University

of Washington developed a game that helps hospital patients suffering from immense

physical pain by using an age-old mental trick: distraction. The virtual reality game "Snow

World" put patients in an arctic wonderland in which they throw an endless arsenal of

snowballs at a series of targets, such as penguins and snowmen. Military hospitals found

the experience helped soldiers recovering from their battlefield wounds. The soldiers who

played "Snow World" required less pain medicine during their recuperation.

7 Health Benefits of Playing Video Games, 2013. Danny Gallagher. Video

games can improve your vision. One of the developmental psychologist found it actually

beneficial to the vision. Dr. Daphne Maurer of the Visual Development Lab of Ontario’s

McMaster University found out that people suffering from cataracts can improve their

vision by playing first person shooter games like Metal Slug, CONTRA, Medal of Honor

and Call of Duty. Dr. Maurer believes these games are so fast paced that the game requires

an extreme amount of attention, training the visually impaired to view things sharper.

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While playing, the body produces higher levels of dopamine and adrenaline that will

probably make the brain more responsive.

7 Health Benefits of Playing Video Games, 2013. Danny Gallagher. Video

games are therapeutic for children with chronic illnesses. The University of Utah released

a study last year that examined the effects of regular gaming on children diagnosed with

illness like autism, depression, and Parkinson’s disease. Kids who played certain games,

including one designed just for the study, showed signs of improvement in “resilience,

empowerment, and a fighting spirit”. Researchers believe that the games’ ability to act on

“neuronal mechanisms that activate positive emotions and the reward system” helped

improve kids’ condition as they faced on the daily challenges of their illnesses.

7 Health Benefits of Playing Video Games, 2013. Danny Gallagher. Video

games improve your decisions-making skills. Most video games require fast reactions and

split-second decisions that means the difference between virtual life and virtual death.

Cognitive neuroscientists as the University of Rochester in New York found these games

give players’ brains plenty of practices for making decisions in the real world. Researchers

suggest that action-oriented games act as a simulator for the decision-making process by

giving players several chances to infer information from their surroundings and forcing

them to react accordingly.

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Related Study

Foreign Studies

The Benefits of Playing Video Games, 2014. Isabela Granic, Adam Lobel, and

Rutger C. M. E. Engels. Video games improve your social interaction. More than 70% of

games play with a friend, and millions of people worldwide participate in massive virtual

worlds, through video games such as “Farmville” and “World of Warcraft”. Multiplayer

games become virtual social communities, where decisions need to be made quickly about

whom to trust or reject and how to lead a group, the authors said.

The Effects of Video Game Violence on Physiological Desensitization to Real-

life Violence, 2006. Nicholas Carnagey, Craig Anderson and Brad Bushman. Their

research shows that violent video game exposure increases violent behaviors and decreases

helpful behaviors. However, no research has done experiments in regards with the effects

of violent video game on physiological desensitization defined as showing less

physiological arousal to violence in the real world after exposure to video game violence

in the virtual world.

The Positive and Negative Effects of Video Game Play, 2014. Sara Prot, Craig

A. Anderson, Douglas A. Gentile, Stephanie C. Brown, and Edward L. Swing. Their

research tells that more recent research has also shown that violent video game play leads

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to desensitization to violence (Bartholow, Bushman, & Sestir, 2005), diminished empathy,

and a lower likelihood of pro-social behavior (Bushman & Anderson, 2009).

Like gambling, playing video games starts as a form of entertainment. It becomes

pathological for some people when video games start producing negative life consequences

(Sim et al., 2012). As of now, video game addiction is not yet classified as a formal disorder

in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

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