Hydraulics

Hydraguide™
Hydrostatic Steering System
HGA Service Manual Service Manual 2751

Hydraulic Pump/Motor Division

TYPICAL OIL FLOW
Table of Contents
Section I
System Operation .................................................................................................................page 3
Design and Function.............................................................................................................page 3
Control Valve ........................................................................................................................page 4
Metering Section...................................................................................................................page 4
Rotor Operation ....................................................................................................................page 4
Power Steering Operation ....................................................................................................page 5
Manual Steering Operation...................................................................................................page 5
Exploded View ......................................................................................................................page 6
Service Parts List..................................................................................................................page 7
Section II
Service Procedure ................................................................................................................page 8
Work Conditions ...................................................................................................................page 8
Exploded View ......................................................................................................................page 7
Seal Replacement Instructions .............................................................................................page 9
Servicing of HGA Unit...........................................................................................................page 9
Disassembly Procedure......................................................................................................page 10
Section III
Inspection and Replacement ..............................................................................................page 13
Section IV
Assembly Procedure...........................................................................................................page 14
Column Assembly and Disassembly Procedures ...............................................................page 18
Filling and Air Bleeding System ..........................................................................................page 19
Hydraulic Fluid ....................................................................................................................page 19
Tips for Maintaining the System .........................................................................................page 20

! WARNING
FAILURE OR IMPROPER SELECTION OF IMPROPER USE OF THE PRODUCTS AND/OR
SYSTEMS DESCRIBED HEREIN OR RELATED ITEMS CAN CAUSE DEATH, PERSONAL
INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.

This document and other information from Ross Operation, its subsidiaries and authorized distributors pro-
vide product and/or system options for further investigation by users having technical expertise. It is important
that you analyze all aspects of your application and review the information concerning the product or system
in the current product catalog. Due to the variety of operating conditions and applications for these products
or systems, the user, through its own analysis is and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selec-
tion of the products and systems and assuring that all performance, safety and warning requirements of the
application are met.

The products described herein, including without limitation, product features, specifications, designs, avail-
ability and pricing, are subject to change by Ross Operation and its subsidiaries at any time without notice.
 HYDRAGUIDE™ STEERING
MODEL HGA
For over half a century, Ross has anticipated and met the changing and increasing needs for better steering of
automotive, construction, industrial and agricultural machines. This hydrostatic steering system described herein
is further evidence of this fact.

Hydraguide™ is the Ross name given to hydrostatic steering systems. In the HGA type Hydraguide™ steering
system, an engine-driven pump, relief valve, cylinder, reservoir, filter, fluid lines, and an HGA control unit are
needed. An automotive type steering wheel is attached to the HGA unit and the cylinder is connected by suitable
means to the steered wheels.

The driver has power steering control at all times, so long as system components work together, system integrity
is maintained, and adequate fluid is present. If there is a failure in the high-pressure circuit, a loss of power steer-
ing will result. The HGA, however, is designed to have some manual steering capability, depending on the instal-
lation. If you can’t manually steer the vehicle without using extraordinary measures, such as leaving your seat, or
pushing with your legs, don’t try it. Repair the failure in the power circuit. Some vehicles may be impossible to
steer manually because of their weight and size.

WARNING: EXTRAORDINARY MEASURES SHOULD NOT BE USED IN ATTEMPTING TO MANUALLY

STEER THE VEHICLE, AS THEY MAY GENERATE FORCES IN EXCESS OF 125 FT. LBS., THEREBY
DAMAGING THE UNIT INTERNALLY, WHICH COULD RESULT IN A COMPLETE LOSS OF STEERING.

WARNING: ALL STEERING MECHANISMS ARE LIFE AND LIMB ITEMS. AS SUCH, IT IS IMPERATIVE
THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS IN THIS BOOKLET ARE FOLLOWED TO THE LETTER. FAILURE TO
OBSERVE THE PROCEDURES SET OUT IN THIS PAMPHLET MAY RESULT IN LOSS OF STEERING.

2
SECTION I

A. SYSTEM OPERATION Satisfactory performance of this system requires a

This literature with the illustrations shown covers a well engineered installation designed for the par-
standard basic design of the HGA unit. Variations ticular type of vehicle and the type and kind of
may be engineered to suit special requirements. service for which it will be used. Ross Engineering
advice and assistance is available and we welcome
The description of the operation of the HGA unit and requests.
the illustrations explain the functioning of the system
for the utilization of the hydraulic power generated by Information on the required engine-driven pump
the engine-driven pump for power steering. The func- capacity and the power cylinder size and connecting
tioning of the system for manual operation is also lines are provided through engineering contacts. A
described. balanced cylinder design is preferred.

Figure HGA-1

B. DESIGN & FUNCTION tion and a fluid metering section which are hydrauli-
The HGA unit consists of a fluid control valve sec- cally and mechanically inter-connected.

3
 C. CONTROL VALVE
The control valve section contains a mechanically
actuated linear spool which is torsion bar centered.

The function of the control valve section is to direct

the fluid to and from the metering section, to and from
the cylinder, and to regulate the pressure supplied to
the cylinder. The valve is provided with unique pres-
sure chambers which insure effective circuit isolation.

D. METERING SECTION
The metering section consists of a commutator and
bi-directional gerotor element, which contains an orbit-
ing rotor and a fixed stator. The commutator rotates at
orbit speed with the rotor and channels the fluid to
and from the rotor set and the valve section.

The rotor incorporates unique sealing vanes which

are spring and hydraulically forced into sealing con-
tact between the rotor and stator to reduce leakage
across the metering section.

The function of the metering section is to meter the oil

to the power cylinder, maintaining the relationship
between the hand wheel and the steered wheels. An
additional function of the metering section is to act as
a manually operated pump providing manual steering
in the event of an inoperative engine-driven pump.
Figure HGA-2

E. ROTOR OPERATION IN THE ROTOR action between the rotor and the stator, there are 42
SET (See Fig. HGA-3) fluid discharging actions in one revolution of the
Each lobe of the rotor has a diametrically opposite rotor. When the rotor is moving, fluid is always flow-
lobe, therefore, when one lobe is in a cavity its oppo- ing out of three of the cavities while fluid is flowing
site lobe is at the crest of the stator’s convex form into three other cavities, and one of the cavities is
opposite the cavity. As the rotor is rotated, each lobe inactive as it changes from one of discharging fluid to
in sequence is moved out of its cavity to the crest of one of admitting fluid. The commutator rotates with
the stator’s convex form and this forces each oppo- the rotor and channels the fluid from and to the valve
site lobe, in sequence, into a cavity. Due to the inter- section, and to and from the rotor set.

Figure HGA-3
4
F. POWER STEERING OPERATION commutator. The exhaust side of the rotor set is con-
When the spool is in center or neutral position, the nected, through the commutator, to one side of the
hydraulic oil from the engine-driven pump circulates cylinder while the other side of the cylinder is con-
through the valve section, directly back to the reser- nected to the reservoir. (See Figures HGA-1 and 2).
voir with sufficient pressure only to overcome friction
of valve channels and lines. There is no circulation of Further axial displacement of the spool results in
engine-driven pump oil to or from the cylinder. Note increased system pressure to provide the level of
the center diagram showing neutral position (See pressure required. A portion or all of the hydraulic
diagram on inside front cover) on which no direction- fluid at the required pressure from the engine-driven
al arrows appear in the metering channels. The oil pump, depending upon the speed of steering, is
pressure at the two cylinder ports is equal and pro- directed to the cylinder via the metering section,
duces ineffective forces in the cylinder. using cylinder movement to accomplish the steering
maneuver.
In order to accomplish a power steering maneuver,
the operator must rotate the steering wheel in the G. MANUAL STEERING OPERATION
direction of the steering maneuver. The initial rotation In the absence of system pressure, the driver's man-
of the steering wheel rotates the input shaft which ual effort displaces the spool axially. When the spool
tends to rotate the drive link and rotor set through the is displaced within the body, fluid channels are
torsion bar centering spring. Rotation of the rotor set selected connecting the rotor set, which is now act-
and spool which are coupled by the drive link, is ing as a pump, via the commutator to one side of the
resisted by the cylinder pressure required to over- cylinder. The return flow from the other side of the
come the steering forces. As the input shaft is rotat- cylinder is channeled through a recirculation valve so
ed relative to the spool, the centering spring is tor- that the oil will flow to the intake side of the rotor set
sionally deflected. Axial shift of the spool is inducted via the commutator instead of back to the reservoir.
by the ball which is captive in the spool and engaged (See. Figure HGA-5) The recirculation valve is a ball
in the helical groove provided in the input shaft. check valve in a channel connecting the return flow
chamber to the engine-driven pump pressure inlet
When the spool is axially displaced within the body, chamber. The recirculation valve is closed during
fluid channels are selected connecting the engine- power operation.
driven pump to the intake side of the rotor set via the

WARNING: ALL STEERING MECHANISMS ARE

LIFE AND LIMB ITEMS. AS SUCH, IT IS IMPERA-
TIVE THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS IN THIS BOOK-
LET ARE FOLLOWED TO THE LETTER. FAIL-
URE TO OBSERVE THE PROCEDURES SET OUT
IN THIS PAMPLET MAY RESULT IN LOSS OF
STEERING.

5
6
26. Ball 32. Man ifold
27. “O” Ring 33. Commutator Ring
28. Plug 34. Commutator
29. Spacer 35. Seal Retainer
30. Drive Link 36. Seal
31. Rotor Set 37. Washer
31 a. Stator 38. End Cover
31 b. Rotor 39. Special Boplt
31 c. Spring
31 d. Vane

1. Nut 11. Thrust Washer

2. Seal 12. Thrust Bearing
3. Retaining Ring 13. Thrust Washer 21. Needle Roller
4. Backup Washer 14. Spring Washer 22. Spoo
5. Seal 15. Spacer 23. Ball
6. Screw 16. Input Shaft 24. Spring
7. Upper Cover 17. Needle Roller 25. Housing Assembly
8. Seal 18. Drive Ring 25 a. Plug
9. Shim 19. Spacer 25 b. “O” Ring
10. Retaining Ring 20. Torsion Bar 25 c. Balll

Figure HGA-6
 USE WITH HGA SERVICE MANUAL EXPLODED VIEW
1 2, 4, & 5 3 6 7 8 9 10 11
Wheel Seal Snap Screw Upper Seal Shim Snap Thrust
Nut Kit Ring (4 ea.) Cover Kit Ring Washer

026045 HG500007 401233 021434 HGA016005X1 032840X1 033157-X2 401367 400100

12 13 14 15 16 16 16 17 18 23
Thrust Thrust Spring Spacer Pinhole Wheel Mount Fully Needle Drive Ball
Bearing Washer Bearing Washer Washer Shaft Roller Ring 5/16” dia.

063979 400075 401366 477277 089181 089180 089193 040114 HGA013003 400013

24 25-A&B 25C & 26 27 & 28 29 32 32 & 34 37 38

Spring Plug & Ball Plug Spacer Manifold Commutator Washer End Cover
“O” Ring 1/4 dia. Assy. Assy.

401412 036147-X1 G453570 415395-A2 477235 HGA015001 HGA014000-A1 028395 402803-A1

22 & 25
Housing & spool are non-serviceable due to select fit if either needs replaced the entire unit must be replaced.

STANDARD PARTS THAT CHANGE WITH DISPLACEMENT

31C/D 31 35 36 39 20 & 21 30 19
Series Vane Kit Rotor Set Seal Retainer Seal Bolts (7 ea.) Torsion Bar** Drive Link Spacer
Before Date After Date
Code195-94 Code195-94
HGA 07 506608 HGA077010 099069 032625 021269 021428 BASE-A1-506 HGA013008 477248-178
HGA 08 506607 HGA087010 099070 032626 021269 021428 BASE-A1-506 HGA013008 477248-184
HGA10 506606 HGA107010 099071 032618 021280 021356 BASE-A1-525 HGA013008 477248-196
HGA 12 506611 HGA127007 099072 032619 021283 021311 BASE-A1-538 HGA013008 477248-209
HGA 14 506610 HGA147005 099073 032627 021290 021306 BASE-A1-550 HGA013008 477248-221
HGA 16 506609 HGA167005 099074 032628 021292 021382 BASE-A1-562 HGA013008 477248-234
HGA 20 ——— HGA207005 099075 032620 021294 021357 BASE-A1-525 HGA013005 477248-196
HGA 24 ——— HGA247005 099076 032629 021295 021307 BASE-A1-550 HGA013005 477248-221
HGA 28 ——— HGA287005 099077 032621 021296 021358 BASE-A1-538 HGA013006 477248-209
HGA 32 ——— HGA327004 099095 032759 021349 021435 BASE-A1-562 HGA013006 477248-234

* Use part number 020206 on assemblies manufactured prior to date code 195-94

** Torsion bars are unit specific. To select the correct replacement, measure the diameter of the center section of the bar and the length between holes,
then select the correct base number from the following chart:

Base Number Bar Center Diameter - in. Length Between Holes - in.
401360 0.147 5.00 - 5.62
401363 0.160 6.00 - 6.50
401368 0.160 5.00 - 5.62
401413 0.154 5.00 - 5.62
401432 0.147 6.00 - 6.50
401435 0.139 5.00 - 5.62
7

401627 0.139 6.00

 SECTION II this power steering system is absolutely necessary.

SERVICE PROCEDURE If it is necessary to disassemble any of the units,

make sure that a clean work bench or table is used.
For service information on the steering pump (A piece of clean wrapping paper makes an excellent
(engine-driven) and power cylinder, see information disposable top).
provided by the manufacturer of these units.
Outside dirt should be cleaned off before disconnect-
For servicing the HGA unit and the system, see ing lines and port holes should be plugged immedi-
instructions in the following sections. ately after disconnecting lines.

Servicing of HGA Unit Page 9 Finish cleaning off outside dirt before placing on work
bench.
Filling and Air Bleeding the
System When Drained of Oil Page 19 When disassembled, parts should be cleaned only in
clear-clean petroleum base solvent and blown dry
Hydraulic Fluid Page 19 with clean, dry air. Other solvents may cause deterio-
ration of rubber seals. Avoid wiping parts with cloth
CLEAN WORK CONDITIONS and never steam clean hydraulic steering assem-
blies.
It is a must that the system be kept free of dirt or for-
eign matter in the oil circuit. Cleanliness in serving

WARNING: SINCE SOLVENTS ARE FLAMMA- WARNING: OSHA MAXIMUM AIR PRESSURE
BLE, BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL WHEN USING REQUIREMENTS SHOULD BE COMPLIED WITH
THEM. EVEN A SMALL EXPLOSION OR FIRE TO PREVENT INJURY.
COULD CAUSE DEATH OR INJURY.

WARNING: EYE PROTECTION SHOULD BE

WORN.

8
SEAL REPLACEMENT INSTRUCTIONS
For numerous installation you may want to purchase rag. Caution: excessive particles of felt or lint
the J26910 tool kit available from KENT MOORE can cause the new seal package to leak.
TOOL DIVISION, 29784 Little Mack, Roseville,
Michigan 48066 - Phone (800) 345-2233. 6. Cover the end of the Hydraguide unit input shaft
with cellophane tape to protect the new seal (5)
Caution: Follow the Instruction and do not disas- when it is assembled over the sharp edges of the
semble the Hydraguide unit upper cover (7) to input shaft.
replace the shaft seal (5).
7. Lubricate the new seal using hydraulic oil and
install the new seal (5) with lip side first, onto the
Hydraguide unit input shaft.

1. Remove the steering wheel nut (1), steering 8. Remove the cellophane tape from the
wheel and steering wheel column, if applicable. Hydraguide unit input shaft.
Refer to page 18 for instructions on removal of
steering wheel column. 9. Assemble the new washer (4), with small end
first, onto the Hydraguide unit input shaft and
2. Remove the dirt seal (2) over the end of the push the new washer and the new seal (5), pre-
Hydraguide unit upper cover, if applicable. viously installed, down into the Hydraguide unit
Discard this part. upper cover. (A short piece of metal tubing 15/16
minimum I.D. x 1-3/16 maximum O.D. or a 7/8
3. Remove the retaining ring (3), do not discard, deep well socket may be used to push these
this part must be reinstalled during assembly parts into place.)
procedure.
10. Assemble the previously used retaining ring (3)
4. Remove the seal package parts (4) (5) from the onto the Hydraguide unit input shaft and down
Hydraguide unit by one of the following methods: into the Hydraguide unit upper cover groove. Be
sure the rounded edge of the retaining ring (3) is
a) If the Hydraguide unit has not been faced inward.
removed from the vehicle, rotate the
Hydraguide unit input shaft either clock- 11. Assemble the new seal (2) onto the Hydraguide
wise or counter clockwise to pressurize unit input shaft and down into the Hydraguide
the system and force the seal package unit upper cover (7) counter bore.
out. Discard these parts.
12. Assemble the steering column, if applicable.
b) If the Hydraguide unit has been
removed from the vehicle plug three of 13. Assemble the steering wheel and wheel nut,
the four ports in the Hydraguide unit torque the wheel nut to 35 ft. lbs.
and pressurize the other port with air
pressure to force the seal package out.
Discard these parts.

5. Note: Clean the Hydraguide unit input shaft (16)

and upper cover (7) seal bore to remove parti-
cles of dirt, felt, lint, etc. with a clean, lint-free

SERVICING OF HGA UNIT

Refer to exploded view, Figure HGA-6 for parts iden- the complete housing assembly must be replaced. If
tification. the commutator or the commutator ring need
replacement, both must be replaced as a matched
set. If the rotor or stator need replacement, the com-
The spool (22) and the housing (25), the commutator plete rotor set (31) must be replaced. The pin in the
(34), and commutator ring (33), as well as the rotor end cover is not separately replaceable. If the pin or
(31B) and the stator (31A) are not separately end cover need replacement, the end cover and pin
replaceable because they are selectively fitted at the assembly (38) must be replaced.
factory. If the spool or housing need replacement,
9
 DISASSEMBLY PROCEDURE
Plug the four port holes and clean the exterior of the
unit thoroughly. Then remove the plugs.
1. To prevent possible distortion or damage to unit
if placed directly in vise, the following procedure
should be used. Insert “o” ring tube fitting, with
tube nut or fitting cap attached, into one of the
four threaded ports in the housing. Clamp the fit-
ting in a vise in a manner which will locate the
seven end cover bolts in an upright position.
(See Figure HGA-7).

Figure HGA-8
ifold (32), by a sliding and lifting motion. Care
should be used in the handling of this fragile
component.

7. Remove the manifold (32) from the rotor set (31)

by sliding and lifting motion.

8. Remove the rotor set (31), spacer (29) and drive

link (30) as an assembly by grasping the spacer
and removing the assembly with a sliding and
lifting motion. (See Figure HGA-9).

Figure HGA-7

2. Unscrew the seven special bolts (39) from the

end cover (38). Note: Special care should be
used in the following steps to insure protec-
tion of the ground and lapped faces of the
components. Avoid scratching or nicking of
finished surfaces.
3. Remove end cover (38) by bumping it sideways
with a soft hammer to loosen it from the rotor
seal (36) and seal retainer (35), and lift from
unit. Caution: The washer (37) and commuta-
tor (34) may adhere to the end cover, and Figure HGA-9
may be removed with the end cover. Do not
attempt to remove pin because pin is press 9. Separate drive link (30) by sliding the rotor set
fit in the plate and is non-serviceable. (See (31) on the spacer (29), allowing the drive link
Figure HGA-8). teeth to clear the spacer hole. Remove drive link
and separate rotor set from spacer. Use
4. Remove the rotor seal (36) and seal retainer extreme caution to keep vanes (31D) and
(35) by bumping the can sideways with a soft springs (31C) from falling out. When han-
hammer to loosen it from the housing and lift off dling the rotor set, pressure should be
the rotor seal and seal retainer. Discard the applied to the rotor (31B) by gripping the
rotor seal. rotor set between the fingers and urging the
rotor into contact with the stator (31A). (See
5. If the wear washer (37) and commutator (34) Figure HGA-10)
were not removed with the end cover (38),
remove these parts from the HGA unit. Carefully protect against damage to side faces.
6. Remove the commutator ring (33) from the man- Note: The rotor (31B) and the stator (31A) must
be kept in a matched set.
10
 snap ring pliers. Discard seal (2). Remove and
discard backup washer (4). Remove and dis-
card seal (5).
17. Remove the retaining ring (10), thrust washer
(11), thrust bearing (12), thrust washer (13) and
spring washer (14) from input shaft (16). Note:
Retaining ring is twisted design. Do not
straighten ring.
18. Remove the needle roller (17) by using a pin
punch of .125-inch max. diameter for a mini-
mum of .625 length. The input shaft (16) should
be placed on a block of wood (to avoid shaft
damage) and the needle roller (21) removed by
Figure HGA-10
impact, using light hammer blows. (See Figure
10. Reverse the HGA unit in the vise to place the HGA-12).
input shaft (16) in a vertical position. Using a
prick or center punch, mark the upper cover 19. Remove the torsion bar (20) and spacer (19) by
flange (7) in relation to a similar mark placed on inverting the spool assembly and allowing the
the port face of the housing (25) to facilitate parts to fall free. Do not remove needle roller
reassembly. (See figure HGA-11). (21) from torsion bar. (See Figure HGA-13).

MARKS

Figure HGA-11

11. Remove the four special cap screws (6) by

using a 5/16-12 point socket.
Figure HGA-12
12. Grasp the input shaft (16) and with a smooth
upward motion, remove the input shaft (16),
upper cover (7) and spool (22) assembly from
the housing (25). Note: Avoid applying side
forces to the spool which would cause bind-
ing of the closely fitted assembly. Never use
excessive force to remove the spool from
the housing.
13. Remove and discard seal (8).
14. Remove the upper cover (7) with shaft seal
package (Items 2 thru 5) intact. Remove spacer
item (15).
15. Remove shims (9) from either upper cover (7)
cavity or from face of thrust washer (11). Count
and record the number of shims to aid in
reassembly of unit.
16. Remove seal (2), retaining ring (3), using proper
Figure HGA-13
11
 20. Remove the drive ring (18) by placing the end of 21. With the spool assembly in the same position as
the spool (22) on a table surface. Rotate the the step above, rotate the input shaft (16) in a
input shaft (16) to extremes of travel until the clockwise direction until the actuator ball (23)
drive ring falls free. (See Figure HGA-14). disengages from the helical groove in the input
shaft. Lift out input shaft. Caution: The actua-
tor ball may fall free and care should be
used to not lose it.

22. Do not remove the ball retainer spring (24)

unless replacement is required. If necessary
to remove this spring, discard the retainer (24) if
moved.

A screwdriver may be used to assist in the pry-

ing of the spring over the shoulder of the spool
(22). Care must be used to avoid scratching or
nicking of the spool outside diameter and con-
trol edges.

(The following procedure is optional).

23. Return to the housing (25) which is mounted in

the vise. Remove the plug and roll pin assembly
(28). A steel ball is captivated by the plug and
roll pin assembly. Care must be used to avoid
the loss of the ball. Remove ball by shaking
after housing is removed from the vise. Discard
“O” ring (27).

This completes the disassembly of the HGA

Figure HGA-14 unit.

12
SECTION III

INSPECTION AND REPLACEMENT of the end cover (38) and check for freedom of
rotor rotation within the stator. The action of the
Visually inspect all parts and replace those parts spring loaded vanes may be observed during
which are not in good condition. The following fin-
ished surfaces should be inspected for abnormal
wear, scoring or damage.
1. Housing (25) bore and ends.
2. Valve spool (22) outside diameter. Some bur-
nishing due to use may be observed.
3. Valve spool (22) control edges.
4. Valve spool (22) splines.
5. Input shaft (16) seal area. Check for rust, pitting
and excessive wear. Light circumferential pol- Figure HGA-15
ishing due to seal contact may be observed.
6. Input shaft (16) helical groove. Note the contact rotation. The vanes should move freely in their
pattern created by the actuator ball (23). slots, without bind, due to the forces of the
Surface should be free from pits chipping or sur- springs. (See Figure HGA-15).
face break down. Using a feeler gage, check the rotor (31B) to the sta-
tor (31A) clearance as shown in figure HGA-16. If
7. Thrust bearing (12) and thrust washers (11) and there is more than a .007 inch clearance, the rotor
(13). Inspect for pitting of rolls and faces of set (31) must be replaced. Note: This applies to
thrust washers. rotor sets with and without vanes.
8. Drive link (30) pin slot. Width of slot must not
exceed .001 inch difference at any point in its
length.
9. Drive link (30) teeth.
10. Torsion bar and needle roller assembly (20).
Difference in diameter of needle roller (21)
should not exceed .001.
The following parts may show a polish pattern due to
the rotor action and the circular motion of the com-
mutator. The sides of these components are ground
and lapped and should be free from nicks, burrs and
scoring.
1. Spacer (29).
2. Manifold (32). Figure HGA-16
3. Rotor (31).
Carefully lift the rotor set assembly (31) from the end
4. Commutator (34) and Commutator Ring (33). cover (38) and measure the thickness of the rotor
Note: Thickness difference between commu- (31B) and stator (31A). Thickness difference
tator and commutator ring (33) shall not between the rotor and stator shall not exceed .002
exceed .002 inch. inch.
5. End cover and pin assembly (38).
The internal splines in the rotor should not allow
Note: The rotor set (31) requires special attention abnormal wear or damage.
in handling to avoid nicks and scratching. It is
recommended that the rotor (31B), stator (31A),
vanes (31D) and springs (31C) be checked in the
assembled condition. To inspect the rotor set,
place the assembly face down on the lapped face
13
 SECTION IV
ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE
IMPORTANT; Before starting assembly, clean all
parts with clean petroleum base solvent and air
dry. Do not wipe dry with rags. Be sure all dried
paint chips have been removed from edges of
lapped surfaces. Unless otherwise indicated, DO
NOT oil parts before assembly.
1. Insert ball (26) into its cavity in the housing.
2. Install new “o” ring (27) on plug and roll-pin
assembly (28) and install in the housing (25) to
10-14 ft. lbs. torque.
3. Reclamp housing (25) in the vise as shown in
Figure HGA-11.
4. Assemble thrust washer (13), thrust bearing
(12) , thrust washer (11) and retaining ring (10)
on input shaft (16). Figure HGA-18
5. If the retaining spring (24) has been removed, NOTE: Rotate the input shaft (16) out of the
install a new retaining spring. The spring must valve spool (22) until input shaft will no
fit tightly. longer rotate. There will be a gap of approxi-
mately .350 between end of valve spool (22)
6. Insert actuator ball (23) into ball seat located and thrust washer (13) if the drive ring (18) is
inside spool (22). assembled properly.
7. Assemble wave spring washer (14) over thrust 10. Insert the drive ring (18) into the spool (22) end
washer (13) and thrust bearing (12). Insert the by visually aligning an internal space on the
input shaft (16) into the spool, engaging the drive ring with a tooth on the input shaft (16)
helix and ball with a counter-clockwise motion. split, and allow the drive ring to drop to the limit
This operation is best done while holding the of its travel. If the drive ring does not engage
spool in a horizontal position. the input shaft spline, a slight rotation of the
8. Using the mid-section of the torsion bar (20) as input shaft will allow the drive ring to become
a gage, insert the gage between the spool end fully engaged. Remove torsion bar (20) gage.
and the thrust washer (13). (See Figure HGA- (See Figure HGA-18).
17). This will position the spool in the necessary CAUTION: The HGA will not function proper-
radial relationship with the input shaft spline ly if the correct relationship of spool, drive
teeth for assembly of drive ring (18). ring and input shaft is not achieved.
9. Place the input shaft (16) and spool (22) assem- 11. Install spacer (19) over torsion bar and pin
bly in a vertical position, with the shaft end on assembly (20) and insert the assembly into the
the table surface. spool (22) end.
12. Align the cross-hole in the torsion bar (20) with
the cross-hole in the input shaft (16) and insert a
.120 diameter pin punch to maintain alignment.
13. Insert the needle roller (17) into cross-hole in
input shaft (16); and while retracting the pin
punch, engage the pin in the torsion bar (20)
cross-hole.
14. Initiate press of needle roller (17) into torsion bar
(20) with a few light impacts. Press needle roller
flush with outside diameter of input shaft (16)
using a 1/2” drive socket of 11/16 size for sup-
porting the input shaft. (See Figure HGA-19).
With a few light impacts on a .120 diameter pin
punch, drive needle roller (17) approximately
1/32 below the input shaft (16) O.D. (See Figure
HGA-12).
Figure HGA-17
14
 NOTE: If any of the input shaft (16), housing
and spool, torsion bar or upper cover (7)
have been replaced, the following procedure
for checking and shim adjustment must be
used.
16b. Re-assemble as in “a” above using the required
new parts. After torquing the four screws (6)
revolve unit in vise so that the input shaft is
pointing downward. In order to determine that
the unit is shimmed correctly, the drive link (30)
must be in in its proper position. To do this,
grasp the input shaft (16), pull downward, and
prevent rotation. Engage drive link splines in
Figure HGA-19 spool (22) and rotate to position spool essential-
ly flush with end of housing (25). Remove drive
15. Assemble spacer (15) over valve spool (22), link and orient drive link slot to engage torsion
against spring washer (14). If so constructed, bar needle roller (21) and insert drive link.
the inside lip end of spacer must be toward the Observe relationship of spool end to body. The
spring washer. Place assembly, spool end first, valve spool must protrude .020 ± .0025 from the
into housing (25). Caution: Avoid applying adjacent counterbore surface. If within spec. no
side forces to the spool which would cause additional shimming required. If not within .0025,
binding of the closely fitted assembly. add or remove shims (9) until this requirement is
Note: If neither the input shaft (16) or upper satisfied repeating assembling steps as outlined
cover (7) are replaced, the original shims (9) in “a” above. (See Figure HGA-21).
may be reused. However, if in the inspection
of parts, damage is found to the shims, dis-
card these shims and replace with new parts
of equal thickness.
16a. Place shims on top of the thrust washer (11).
Coat seal (8) with clean grease and place in
upper cover (7) counterbore. Assemble upper
cover onto input shaft (16) and rotate to align
punch marks previously made during disassem-
bly. Note: If a new upper cover is used no
angular orientation is required. However, it is
necessary to align the upper cover (7) and
housing (25). Replace without screws, finger
tight, and then use a pilot ring or a worm drive
type hose clamp tightened around the upper
cover flange and the body pilot diameter to Figure HGA-21
achieve the required alignment. Now tighten
screws to 18-22 ft. lbs. torque. (See Figure 16c. The correct shimming must be checked on the
HGA-20). vehicle or on a suitable hydraulic test stand. The
amount of steering effort required to steer the
vehicle when the vehicle is at rest on dry pave-
ment must be equal within two inch pounds. For
example: if twenty-one inch pounds is required
to steer to the right, not less than thirteen or
more than twenty-three inch pounds should be
required to steer to the left.
If a test stand is available to place a load
between cylinder ports in the same manner as
on the vehicle, a test stand should be used. Add
shims to increase steering efforts in a left
turn, subtract shims to increase steering
effort in a right turn.
17. With the drive link (30) installed as described
above, assemble two assembly posts into the
housing (25) as shown in Figure HGA-22. These
Figure HGA-20
15
 the heads off of two bolts similar to the special
bolts (39).

Figure HGA-24

20. Install manifold (32) over assembly posts and

Figure HGA-22 onto rotor set (31), make sure circular slot side
of manifold is up. (See Figure HGA-25).
18. Assemble spacer plate (29) over assembly
posts and onto housing (25) with plain side up.
(See Figure HGA-23).

Figure HGA-25

21. Install commutator ring (33) over assembly posts

Figure HGA-23 and onto manifold (32), make sure slot side is
down. (See Figure HGA-26).
19. Install rotor set (31) over assembly posts and 22. Install rotor seal (36) and seal retainer (35) over
onto spacer plate (29). Note: One of the seven rotor set (31) and down against housing.
holes in the rotor set may be smaller than the 23. To allow for washer (37) assemble commutator
other six holes. Position this hole, if applica- (34) with counterbore up into commutator ring
ble, over one of the assembly posts. (See (33) with slotted hole in commutator engaging
Figure HGA-24). Warning: All vane springs nose of drive link (30). Align commutator outside
(31C) must be down in their slots with no part diameter concentric with inside diameter of
of spring protruding out either side of meter- commutator ring. (See Figure HGA-27).
ing element.
16
 2. Torque all seven special bolts to 15-19 ft.
lbs. in sequence as shown in Figure HGA-
28.
Note: Rotate input shaft during step 2
to prevent binding.

Figure HGA-26

Figure HGA-28

27. Relocate HGA unit in a vise with the input shaft

up. Cover end of input shaft with cellophane
tape, to protect new seal (5) when it is assem-
bled over sharp edges of input shaft.
28. Lubricate and install new seal (5) with lip side
first onto input shaft.
29. Assemble new washer (4), with small end first,
onto input shaft and push new washer and new
seal down into upper cover (7). (A short piece of
Figure HGA-27 metal tubing, 15/16” minimum I.D. x 1-3/16”
maximum O.D. or a 7/8” deep well socket may
be used to push these parts into place.)
24. Apply a small amount of clean grease to wash- 30. Assemble retaining ring (3) into upper cover (7)
er (37) and install over pin in end cover assem- groove. Be sure rounded edge of retaining ring
bly (38). Grease should hold washer (37) to is faced inward.
end cover assembly.
31. Assemble new dirt seal (2) into upper cover (7)
25. Assemble end cover assembly (38) with wash- counterbore.
er (37) attached over assembly posts and onto
HGA unit. 32. Note: If the HGA unit is to be stored, plug the
cylinder ports and fill the inlet port with clean oil.
26. Install five of the special bolts (39) finger tight. Rotate input shaft until oil appears at outlet port.
Remove two assembly posts and assemble the
other two special bolts per steps 1 and 2 as fol- 33. Plug the port holes to prevent entrance of dirt.
lows, and do not over torque as it will cause This completes assembly of the HGA unit.
unrepairable damage:
1. Torque all seven special bolts to 2-3 ft.
lbs in sequence as shown in Figure
HGA-28.
17
 HGA COLUMN

1. 475109-A1 4. 040050 7. 063980

2. 403813 5. 089142 8. 026045
3. 401362 6. 096245 6. & 7. 096245-A1

TO DISASSEMBLE COLUMN TO ASSEMBLE COLUMN

1. Remove steering wheel and wheel nut (8). 1. Assemble the clamp assembly (1) onto the HGA
unit. (Do not tighten.)
2. Loosen clamp assembly (1) on upper cover of
HGA unit. If the application has a column sup- 2. Assemble the coupling (2) and align pin hole.
port clamp, this clamp should be loosened at
this time. 3. Assemble one of the pins (4) and one of the
new retaining rings (3).
3. If there is a horn contact assembly on the col- 4. Assemble the wheel tube (5) and align pin hole.
umn, remove the 4 small screws from the metal 5. Assemble the other pin (4) and retaining ring
cover (if applicable), and remove the metal (3).
cover and gasket. Remove the 2 small screws 6. Apply a small amount of clean grease to the
from the horn contact assembly. inside of bearing assembly (7).
7. Assemble the jacket tube (6) and bearing
4. Pull the jacket tube (6) and bearing assembly assembly (7) over the wheel tube, through the
(7) off of the wheel tube (5). clamp assembly (1) and onto the HGA unit
upper cover.
5. Remove the retaining springs (3) and discard. 8. Tighten the clamp assembly (1) bolt to 15-20 ft.
lbs.
6. Lightly tap out the pins (4) with brass rods and 9. Assemble the steering wheel and tighten the
hammer. Do not hit the pins with heavy hammer wheel nut to 32.5 - 37.5 ft. lbs.
blows, as this may damage the needle bearing 10. If the application has a column support clamp, it
in the HGA unit. is extremely important that the jacket tube (6)
align with this clamp in the free state. If mis-
7. Remove the wheel tube (5). alignment is evident, the HGA unit must be
shimmed at the mounting surface to eliminate
8. Remove the coupling (2). the misalignment, or damage may result to the
HGA unit.
9. Remove the clamp assembly (1). 11. If applicable, assemble the horn contact assem-
bly, cover gasket and metal cover on the jacket
tube (6).

18
FILLING AND AIR BLEEDING HYDRAULIC FLUID
THE SYSTEM WHEN DRAINED OF OIL
Keep the steering system filled with one of the
1. Fill reservoir nearly full. Be ready to add oil following:
when the engine is started. Do not let oil level
drop below the inlet to the power pump so that Automatic Transmission Fluid Type “F”
the power pump will not suck air into the sys-
tem. Automatic Transmission Fluid Dexron II

2. Start engine and let it idle. Immediately add oil Hydraulic fluid as recommended by the vehicle
to the reservoir as needed. manufacturer.

NOTE: This oil will now be circulating only

from the power pump to and through part of
the HGA control valve and to the reservoir
and back to the power pump.

When no more oil can be added and oil is clear, WARNING: DO NOT MIX OIL TYPES, ANY MIX-
proceed as follows. TURE, OR AN UNAPPROVED OIL, COULD
3. With one finger on a spoke of the steering DETERIORATE THE SEALS. ENOUGH FLUID
wheel, spin wheel as rapidly as possible to COULD THEN LEAK TO CREATE A LOSS OF
bleed the air in the steering cylinder(s) and POWER STEERING ASSIST. DO NOT ALLOW
lines. FLUID LEVEL TO GO BELOW FILL LINE ON
DIPSTICK. BEFORE ADDING NEW FLUID,
4. Immediately upon HGA valve spool actuation oil COMPLETELY DRAIN OLD OIL FROM THE
must be added to the reservoir — to replenish SYSTEM. IT MAY BE NECESSARY ALSO THAT
the oil moving into the circuit. YOU FLUSH THE SYSTEM WITH CLEAN OIL.
5. Keep rotating the steering wheel to keep the
HGA valve spool actuated. Do this until the road
wheels have reached the stop in that direction,
then quickly reverse the steering wheel rotation
to actuate the HGA valve spool in the opposite
direction.

6. Keep rotating the steering wheel left and right

from stop to stop of the road wheels to bleed
out air. Replenish oil as necessary.

7. The air will bleed out only at the reservoir,

therefore, the oil must be circulated in both
directions repeatedly until the air has bled out.

NOTE: The oil in the lines to the power

cylinder reaches a “dead end” at the piston.
The oil in the cylinder does not flow in a cir-
cuit. As the piston moves back and forth the
oil moves back and forth in the lines.
Therefore, air in these lines and the cylinder
may be slow moving into the HGA control
valve and to the reservoir.

CAUTION: Do not operate vehicle until air is

bled out.

8. When the oil in the reservoir is clear (not cloudy

or creamy), the system is free of air. (Slight
creep or drift of the steering wheel is normal.)

9. Adjust the oil to recommended level in reservoir

and assemble reservoir cover.

10. Always fill reservoir to recommended level.

19
 TIPS FOR MAINTAINING THE nal equipment only.
HYDROSTATIC STEERING SYSTEM
— Do not cold straighten, hot straighten, or bend
— Top up fluid level in reservoir as necessary. any steering part.

— Maintain correctly inflated tires. — Prevent dirt or other foreign matter from enter-
ing the hydraulic system. Clean off around filler
— Always use a puller to remove the steering caps before checking oil level.
wheel. Do not use a hammer, torch, or crow bar.
— Investigate and correct any external leak in the
— Investigate and correct immediately any play, steering system, no matter how minor the leak.
rattle, shimmy, or other unusual occurrence in
the steering system. — Comply with manufacturer’s specifications for
cleaning or replacing the filter.
— Remove cause of steering column misalign-
ment.
WARNINGS for Proper Steering
— Encourage all drivers or operators to report any System Operation
malfunction or accident that may have damaged
a steering system part.

— Do not attempt to weld any broken steering

component. Replace the component with origi-

WARNING:DO NOT WELD, BRAZE, OR SOL- WARNING: ALWAYS CAREFULLY INSPECT

DER ANY STEERING SYSTEM COMPONENT. ANY STEERING SYSTEM COMPONENT THAT
MAY HAVE BEEN STRUCK OR DAMAGED
WARNING: MAXIMUM OPERATING PRESSURE DURING OPERATION OR IN AN ACCIDENT.
MUST NOT EXCEED VEHICLE MANUFACTUR- REPLACE ANY COMPONENT THAT IS DAM-
ER”S RECOMMENDED PUMP PRESSURE AGED OR THAT IS QUESTIONABLE.
CAPACITY.

Ross extends close technical cooperation and assistance. If steering problems occur which you cannot
solve, please contact our Ross Field Service Department. Our phone number and address are on the
back cover of this manual.

20
OIL FLOW (From Recirculating Valve)

RETURN OIL (To Recirculating Valve)

METERED OIL FLOW (To Cylinder)

HGA Service Manual

Ross Operation
2745 Snapps Ferry Road
Greeneville, TN 37745 USA
Tel: (423) 639-8151
Fax: (423) 787-2418 (Sales) 2500/1-96 BB