Designation: A 790/A 790M – 05a

Standard Specification for

Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Pipe1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 790/A 790M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-

1.1 This specification2 covers seamless and straight-seam lated Alloys and Feroalloys
welded ferritic/austenitic steel pipe intended for general corro- A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for
sive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittle- E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
ment if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures. and Tubing
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-
pipe when a greater degree of testing is desired. These bular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the Blooms, and Forgings
order. E 426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification lists the dimensions nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-
of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI itic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
B36.19. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this 2.2 ANSI Standards:4
specification. B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each 2.3 SAE Standard:5
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must SAE J 1086
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the 2.4 Other Standard:6
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- SNT-TC-1A Personal Qualification and Certification in
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the M desig- Nondestructive Testing
nation of this specification is specified in the order. 2.5 AWS Standard
A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Electrodes
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as nominal
diameter, size, and nominal size. 3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this speci-
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3 fication refer to Terminology A 941.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing 4. Ordering Information
of Steel Products
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.2 Name of material (ferritic/austenitic steel pipe),
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 790/A 790M – 05.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
cation SA–790 in Section II of that Code. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
3 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O.
the ASTM website. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
 A 790/A 790M – 05a
4.1.3 Process (seamless or welded), 6.1.3 The pipe shall be pickled free of scale. When bright
4.1.4 Grade (see Table 1), annealing is used, pickling is not necessary.
4.1.5 Size (NPS designator or outside diameter and sched- 6.2 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made from each
ule number of average wall thickness), ingot to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue
4.1.6 Length (specific or random) (see Section 11), segregation.
4.1.7 End finish (section on ends of Specification A 999/ 6.3 All pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition
A 999M), as shown in Table 1. For seamless pipe, as an alternate to final
4.1.8 Optional requirements (product analysis, Section 9; heat treatment in a continuous furnace or batch-type furnace,
hydrostatic test or nondestructive electric test, Section 14), immediately following hot forming while the temperature of
4.1.9 Test report required (section on certification of Speci- the pipes is not less than the specified minimum solution
fication A 999/A 999M), treatment temperature, pipes shall be individually quenched in
4.1.10 Specification designation, and
water or rapidly cooled by other means, except for UNS
4.1.11 Special requirements and any supplementary require-
S32950, which shall be air cooled.
ments selected.

5. General Requirements 7. Chemical Composition

5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- 7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements as
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of prescribed in Table 2.
Specification A 999/A 999M unless otherwise provided herein.
8. Heat Analysis
6. Materials and Manufacture
8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
6.1 Manufacture: steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the ele-
6.1.1 The pipe shall be made by the seamless or an ments specified.
automatic welding process, with no addition of filler metal in
the welding operation. 9. Product Analysis
6.1.2 At the manufacturer’s option, pipe may be either
hot-finished or cold-finished. 9.1 At the request of the purchaser’s inspector, an analysis
of one billet or one length of flat-rolled stock from each heat,
or two pipes from each lot, shall be made by the manufacturer.
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment A lot of pipe shall consist of the following number of lengths
UNS
Temperature °F [°C] Quench
of the same size and wall thickness from any one heat of steel:
Designation
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
S31200 1920–2010 Rapid cooling in water
[1050–1100] Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
S31260 1870–2010 Rapid cooling in air or water 2 to 5, incl 200 or fraction thereof
[1020–1100] 6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
S31500 1800–1900 Rapid cooling in air or water
[980–1040] 9.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
S31803 1870–2010 Rapid cooling in air or water purchaser or the purchaser’s representative and shall conform
[1020–1100]
S32003 1850–2050 Rapid cooling in air or water to the requirements specified in Section 7.
[1010–1120] 9.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 8.1 or 9.1
S32101 1870 [1020] Quenched in water or rapidly
cooled by other means does not conform to the requirements specified in Section 7, an
S32205 1870–2010 Rapid cooling in air or water analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may be
[1020–1100] made, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirements
S32304 1700–1920 Rapid cooling in air or water
[925–1050] shall be accepted.
S32520 1975–2050 Rapid cooling in air or water
[1080–1120]
10. Tensile and Hardness Properties
S32550 1900 [1040] min Rapid cooling in air or water
S32750 1880–2060 Rapid cooling in air or water 10.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
[1025–1125]
S32760 2010–2085 Rapid cooling in air or water properties prescribed in Table 3.
[1100–1140]
S32808 1920–2100 Rapid cooling in air or water
[1050–1150]
11. Lengths
S32900 1700–1750 Rapid cooling in air or water 11.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following
[925–955]
S32906 1900–1980 Rapid cooling in air or water regular practice:
[1040–1080] 11.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS 1⁄8
S32950 1820–1880 Air cool
[990–1025] to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft (see
S39274 1920–2060 Rapid cooling in air or water Note 2) with the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (see Note 2).
[1025–1125] Short lengths are acceptable and the number and minimum
S39277 1975–2155 Rapid cooling in air or water
[1080–1180] length shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.

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 A 790/A 790M – 05a
TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsA
UNS
Designa- C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others
tionB
S31200 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 5.5–6.5 24.0–26.0 1.20–2.00 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.5–7.5 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.10–0.30 0.20–0.80 W
0.10–0.50
S31500 0.030 1.20–2.00 0.030 0.030 1.40–2.00 4.2–5.2 18.0–19.0 2.50–3.00 0.05–0.10 ... ...
S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 0.08–0.20 ... ...
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0–4.0 19.5-22.5 1.50–2.00 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S32101 0.040 4.0–6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35–1.70 21.0–22.0 0.10–0.80 0.20–0.25 0.10–0.80 . . .
S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 . . .
S32520 0.030 1.5 0.035 0.020 0.80 5.5–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.20–0.35 0.5–3.00 . . .
S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–6.5 24.0–27.0 2.9–3.9 0.10–0.25 1.50–2.50 . . .
S32750 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.24–0.32 0.5 ...
S32760 0.05 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W
0.50–1.00
40 minC
S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.030 0.50 7.0–8.2 27.0–27.9 0.80–1.20 0.30–0.40 ... W
2.10–2.50
S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 2.5–5.0 23.0–28.0 1.00–2.00 ... ... ...
S32906 0.030 0.80–1.50 0.030 0.030 0.50 5.8–7.5 28.0–30.0 1.50–2.60 0.30–0.40 0.80 ...
S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.5–5.2 26.0–29.0 1.00–2.50 0.15–0.35 ... ...
S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.24–0.32 0.20–0.80 W
1.50–2.50
S39277 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 6.5–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 0.23–0.33 1.20–2.00 W 0.8–1.2
A
Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined
or reported.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086.
C
% Cr + 3.3 3 % Mo + 16 3 % N.

TABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness Requirements

specification is the basis of purchase. When the M designation of this
Tensile Yield Elongation Hardness, max specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s)
UNS Strength, Strength, in 2 in. or shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
Designation min, ksi min, 50 mm,
[MPa] ksi [MPa] min, % HBW HRC
11.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths re-
S31200 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 280 ... quired shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be less than
S31260 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 ... ...
S31500 92 [630] 64 [440] 30 290 30
the specified length and no more than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] over it.
S31803 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30 11.1.3 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise specified.
S32003 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32101
t# 101 [700] 77 [530] 30 290 ...
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
0.187 in. 12.1 The finished pipes shall be reasonably straight and
[5.00 mm]
t> 94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 ... shall have a workmanlike finish. Imperfections may be re-
0.187 in. moved by grinding, provided the wall thicknesses are not
[5.00 mm] decreased to less than that permitted, in the Permissible
S32205 95 [655] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32304 87 [600] 58 [400] 25 290 30 Variations in Wall Thickness Section of Specification A 999/
S32520 112 [770] 80 [550] 25 310 ... A 999M.
S32550 110 [760] 80 [550] 15 297 31
S32750 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 300 32
S32760A 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 270 ... 13. Mechanical Tests Required
S32808 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
13.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One tension
S32900 90 [620] 70 [485] 20 271 28
S32906 test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100
Wall below 116 [800] 94 [650] 25 300 32 pipes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from 2 pipes
0.40 in.
for lots of more than 100 pipes.
(10 mm) 13.2 Mechanical Testing Lot Definition —The term lot for
Wall 0.40 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 300 32 mechanical tests applies to all pipe of the same nominal size
in.
(10 mm)
and wall thickness (or schedule) that is produced from the same
and heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment as
above defined as follows:
S32950 100 [690] 70 [480] 20 290 30
S39274 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 ...
13.2.1 Where the heat treated condition is obtained, consis-
S39277 120 [825] 90 [620] 25 290 30 tent with the requirements of 6.3, in a continuous heat
A
Prior to A 790/A 790M – 04, the tensile strength value for UNS 32760 was treatment furnace or by directly obtaining the heat treated
109–130 ksi [750–895 MPa]. condition by quenching after hot forming, the lot shall include
all pipe of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same
NOTE 2—This value applies when the inch-pound designation of this furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace

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 A 790/A 790M – 05a
speed or all pipe of the same size and heat, hot formed and 14.3.1.2 The reference standards defined in 14.3.1.3-
quenched in the same production run. 14.3.1.5 are convenient standards for calibration of nondestruc-
13.2.2 Where final heat treatment is obtained, consistent tive testing equipment. The dimensions of these standards
with the requirements of 6.3, in a batch-type heat-treatment should not be construed as the minimum size imperfection
furnace equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically detectable by such equipment.
controlled within a 50 °F [30 °C] or smaller range, the lot shall 14.3.1.3 The ultrasonic testing (UT) can be performed to
be the larger of (a) each 200 ft [60 m] or fraction thereof or (b) detect both longitudinally and circumferentially oriented de-
that pipe heat treated in the same batch furnace charge. fects. It should be recognized that different techniques should
13.2.3 Where the final heat treatment is obtained, consistent be employed to detect differently oriented imperfections. The
with the requirements of 6.3, in a batch-type heat-treatment examination may not detect short, deep, defects.
furnace not equipped with recording pyrometers and automati- 14.3.1.4 The eddy-current testing (ET) referenced in this
cally controlled within a 50 °F [30 °C] or smaller range, the specification (see Practice E 426) has the capability of detect-
term lot for mechanical tests applies to the pipe heat treated in ing significant discontinuities, especially the short abrupt type.
the same batch furnace charge, provided that such pipe is of the 14.3.1.5 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the nature
same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) and is (type, size, location, and orientation) of discontinuities that can
produced from the same heat of steel. be detected in the specific application of these examinations
13.3 Flattening Test—For pipe heat treated in a batch-type should discuss this with the manufacturer of the tubular
furnace, flattening tests shall be made on 5 % of the pipe from product.
each heat-treated lot. For pipe heat treated by the continuous 14.4 Time of Examination—Nondestructive testing for
process, or by direct quenching after hot forming, this test shall specification acceptance shall be performed after all mechani-
be made on a sufficient number of pipes to constitute 5 % of the cal processing, heat treatments, and straightening operations.
lot, but in no case less than two lengths of pipe. This requirement does not preclude additional testing at earlier
13.3.1 For welded pipe with a diameter equal to or exceed- stages in the processing.
ing NPS 10, a transverse guided face bend test of the weld may 14.5 Surface Condition:
be conducted instead of a flattening test in accordance with the 14.5.1 All surfaces shall be free of scale, dirt, grease, paint,
method outlined in the steel tubular product supplement of Test or other foreign material that could interfere with interpretation
Methods and Definitions A 370. The ductility of the weld shall of test results. The methods used for cleaning and preparing the
be considered acceptable when there is no evidence of cracks surfaces for examination shall not be detrimental to the base
in the weld or between the weld and the base metal after metal or the surface finish.
bending. Test specimens from 5 % of the lot shall be taken 14.5.2 Excessive surface roughness or deep scratches can
from the pipes or test plates of the same material as the pipe, produce signals that interfere with the test.
the test plates being attached to the end of the cylinder and 14.6 Extent of Examination:
welded as a prolongation of the pipe longitudinal seam.
14.6.1 The relative motion of the pipe and the transducer(s),
13.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
coil(s), or sensor(s) shall be such that the entire pipe surface is
shall be made on specimens from two pipes from each lot (see
scanned, except as in 14.6.2.
13.2).
14.6.2 The existence of end effects is recognized and the
14. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test extent of such effects shall be determined by the manufacturer
14.1 Each pipe shall be subjected to the nondestructive and, if requested, shall be reported to the purchaser. Other
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used nondestructive tests may be applied to the end areas, subject to
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
specified in the purchase order. 14.7 Operator Qualifications—The test unit operator shall
14.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci- be certified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A, or an equivalent
fication A 999/A 999M, except that the value for S to be used recognized and documented standard.
in the calculation of the hydrostatic test pressure shall be equal 14.8 Test Conditions:
to 50 % of the specified minimum yield strength of the pipe. 14.8.1 For eddy-current testing, the excitation coil fre-
14.3 Nondestructive Electric Test: quency shall be chosen to ensure adequate penetration yet
Nondestructive electric tests shall be in accordance with provide good signal-to-noise ratio.
Practices E 213 or E 309. 14.8.2 The maximum eddy-current coil frequency used
14.3.1 As an alternative to the hydrostatic test, and when shall be as follows:
specified by the purchaser, each pipe shall be examined with a On specified walls up to 0.050 in.—100 KHz max
nondestructive test in accordance with Practices E 213 or On specified walls up to 0.150 in.—50 KHz max
E 309. Unless specifically called out by the purchaser, the On specified walls over 0.150 in.—10 KHz max
selection of the nondestructive electric test will be at the option 14.8.3 Ultrasonic—For examination by the ultrasonic
of the manufacturer. The range of pipe sizes that may be method, the minimum nominal transducer frequency shall be
examined by each method shall be subject to the limitations in 2.00 MHz and the maximum nominal transducer size shall be
the scope of the respective practices. 1.5 in. If the equipment contains a reject notice filter setting,
14.3.1.1 The following information is for the benefit of the this shall remain off during calibration and testing unless
user of this specification: linearity can be demonstrated at that setting.

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 A 790/A 790M – 05a
14.9 Reference Standards—Reference standards of conve- 14.10.2 The test apparatus shall also be standardized after
nient length shall be prepared from a length of pipe of the same any change in test system settings, change of operator, equip-
grade, size (NPS, or outside diameter and schedule or wall ment repair, or interruption due to power loss, process shut-
thickness), surface finish and heat treatment condition as the down, or when a problem is suspected.
pipe to be examined. 14.10.3 The reference standard shall be passed through the
14.9.1 For Ultrasonic Testing, the reference ID and OD test apparatus at the same speed and test system settings as the
pipe to be tested.
notches shall be any one of the three common notch shapes
14.10.4 The signal-to-noise ratio for the reference standard
shown in Practice E 213, at the option of the manufacturer. The
shall be 2 1⁄2 to 1 or greater. Extraneous signals caused by
depth of each notch shall not exceed 12 1⁄2 % of the specified identifiable causes such as dings, scratches, dents, straightener
nominal wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in., whichever is marks, and so forth shall not be considered noise. The rejection
greater. The width of the notch shall not exceed twice the amplitude shall be adjusted to be at least 50 % of full scale of
depth. Notches shall be placed on both the OD and ID surfaces. the readout display.
14.9.2 For Eddy-Current Testing, the reference standard 14.10.5 If upon any standardization, the rejection amplitude
shall contain, at the option of the manufacturer, any one of the has decreased by 29 % (3 dB) of peak height from the last
following discontinuities: standardization, the pipe since the last calibration shall be
14.9.2.1 Drilled Hole— The reference standard shall con- rejected. The test system settings may be changed or the
tain three or more holes equally spaced circumferentially transducer(s), coil(s), or sensor(s) adjusted and the unit restan-
around the pipe and longitudinally separated by a sufficient dardized. But all pipe tested since the last acceptable standard-
ization must be retested for acceptance.
distance to allow distinct identification of the signal from each
14.11 Evaluation of Imperfections:
hole. The holes shall be drilled radially and completely through
14.11.1 Pipes producing a signal equal to or greater than the
the pipe wall, with care being taken to avoid distortion of the
lowest signal produced by the reference standard(s) shall be
pipe while drilling. One hole shall be drilled in the weld, if identified and separated from the acceptable pipes. The area
visible. Alternately, the producer of welded pipe may choose to producing the signal may be reexamined.
drill one hole in the weld and run the calibration standard 14.11.2 Such pipes shall be rejected if the test signal was
through the test coils three times with the weld turned at 120° produced by imperfections that cannot be identified or was
on each pass. The hole diameter shall vary with NPS as produced by cracks or crack-like imperfections. These pipes
follows: may be repaired per Sections 12 and 13. To be accepted, a
NPS Designator Hole Diameter repaired pipe must pass the same non-destructive test by which
0.039 in. (1 mm)
above ⁄ to 1 ⁄
12 14 0.055 in. (1.4 mm)
it was rejected, and it must meet the minimum wall thickness
above 11⁄4 to 2 0.071 in. (1.8 mm) requirements of this specification.
above 2 to 5 0.087 in. (2.2 mm) 14.11.3 If the test signals were produced by visual imper-
above 5 0.106 in. (2.7 mm)
fections such as: (1) scratches, (2) surface roughness, (3) dings,
14.9.2.2 Transverse Tangential Notch—Using a round tool (4) straightener marks, (5) cutting chips, (6) steel die stamps,
or file with a 1⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) diameter, a notch shall be filed or (7) stop marks, or (8) pipe reducer ripple. The pipe may be
milled tangential to the surface and transverse to the longitu- accepted based on visual examination, provided the imperfec-
dinal axis of the pipe. Said notch shall have a depth not tion is less than 0.004 in. (0.1 mm) or 12 1⁄2 % of the specified
exceeding 12 1⁄2 % of the specified nominal wall thickness of wall thickness (whichever is greater).
the pipe or 0.004 in. (0.102 mm), whichever is greater. 14.11.4 Rejected pipe may be reconditioned and retested
providing the wall thickness is not decreased to less than that
14.9.2.3 Longitudinal Notch—A notch 0.031 in. or less in required by this or the product specification. The outside
width shall be machined in a radial plane parallel to the tube diameter at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount
axis on the outside surface of the pipe to have a depth not so removed. To be accepted, retested pipe shall meet the test
exceeding 12 1⁄2 % of the specified wall thickness of the pipe requirement.
or 0.004 in., whichever is greater. The length of the notch shall 14.11.5 If the imperfection is explored to the extent that it
be compatible with the testing method. can be identified as non-rejectable, the pipe may be accepted
More or smaller reference discontinuities, or both, may be without further test providing the imperfection does not en-
used by agreement between the purchaser and the manufac- croach on the minimum wall thickness.
turer.
15. Repair by Welding
14.10 Standardization Procedure:
15.1 For welded pipe of size NPS 6 or larger with a
14.10.1 The test apparatus shall be standardized at the specified wall thickness of 0.188 in. [4.8 mm] or more, weld
beginning and end of each series of pipes of the same size repairs made with the addition of compatible filler metal may
(NPS or diameter and schedule or wall thickness, grade, and be made to the weld seam with the same procedures specified
heat treatment condition), and at intervals not exceeding 4 h. for plate defects in the section on Repair by Welding of
More frequent standardization may be performed at the manu- Specification A 999/A 999M.
facturer’s option or may be required upon agreement between 15.2 Weld repairs of the weld seam shall not exceed 20 % of
the purchaser and the manufacturer. the seam length.

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 A 790/A 790M – 05a
15.3 Except as allowed by 15.3.1, weld repairs shall be 15.4 Pipes that have had weld seam repairs with filler metal
made only with the gas tungsten-arc welding process using the shall be identified with the symbol “WR” and shall be so stated
same classification of bare filter rod qualified to the most and identified on the certificate of tests. If filler metal other
current AWS Specification A5.9 as the grade of pipe being than that listed in Table 4 is used, the filler metal shall be
repaired as given in Table 4. identified on the certificate of tests.
15.3.1 Subject to approval by the purchaser, it shall be 15.5 Weld repairs shall be completed prior to any heat
permissible for weld repairs to be made with the gas tungsten- treatment.
arc welding process using a filler metal more highly alloyed
16. Product Marking
than the base metal, if needed for corrosion resistance or other
properties. 16.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
A 999/A 999M, the marking shall include the manufacturer’s
private identifying mark and whether the pipe is seamless or
TABLE 4 Pipe and Filler Metal Specification welded. If specified in the purchase order, the marking for pipe
Pipe Filler Metal larger than NPS 4 shall include the weight.
UNS Designation AWS A5.9 Class UNS Designation 17. Keywords
S31803 ER2209 S39209 17.1 duplex stainless steel; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel;
S32205 ER2209 S39209
S31200 ER2553 S39553 seamless steel pipe; stainless steel pipe; steel pipe; welded steel
pipe

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSFOR PIPE REQUIRING SPECIAL CONSIDERATION

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the
purchase order. The purchaser may specify a different frequency of test or analysis than is provided
in the supplementary requirement. Subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer,
retest and retreatment provisions of these supplementary requirements may also be modified.

S1. Product Analysis ment is specified, the number of tests per pipe shall also be
S1.1 For all pipe over NPS 5 there shall be one product specified. If a specimen from any length fails because of lack
analysis made of a representative sample from one piece for of ductility prior to satisfactory completion of the first step of
each ten lengths or fraction thereof from each heat of steel. the flattening test requirement, that pipe shall be rejected
S1.2 For pipe smaller than NPS 5 there shall be one product subject to retreatment in accordance with Specification A 999/
analysis made from ten lengths per heat of steel or from 10 % A 999M and satisfactory retest. If a specimen from any length
of the number of lengths per heat of steel, whichever number of pipe fails because of a lack of soundness that length shall be
is smaller. rejected, unless subsequent retesting indicates that the remain-
S1.3 Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical ing length is sound.
requirements specified in Section 7 shall be rejected. S4. Etching Tests
S4.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as shown by etching
S2. Transverse Tension Tests
tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions of
S2.1 There shall be one transverse tension test made from Method E 381. Etching tests shall be made on a cross section
one end of 10 % of the lengths furnished per heat of steel. This from one end or both ends of each pipe and shall show sound
applies only to pipe over NPS 8. and reasonably uniform material free of injurious laminations,
S2.2 If a specimen from any length fails to conform to the cracks, and similar objectionable defects. If this supplementary
tensile properties specified that length shall be rejected. requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe required
shall also be specified. If a specimen from any length shows
S3. Flattening Test objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to
S3.1 The flattening test of Specification A 999/A 999M removal of the defective end and subsequent retests indicating
shall be made on a specimen from one end or both ends of each the remainder of the length to be sound and reasonably uniform
pipe. Crops ends may be used. If this supplementary require- material.

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 A 790/A 790M – 05a
APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. Table X1.1 IS BASED ON TABLE 1 OF THE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR STAINLESS STEEL PIPE (ANSI
B36.19-1965)

TABLE X1.1 Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe

NOTE 1—The decimal thickness listed for the respective pipe sizes represents their nominal or average wall dimensions.
Outside Diameter Nominal Wall Thickness
NPS
Schedule 5SA Schedule 10SA Schedule 40S Schedule 80S
Designator in. mm
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm
B
⁄
18 0.405 10.29 ... ... 0.049 1.24 0.068 1.73 0.095 2.41
⁄
14 0.540 13.72 ... ... 0.065B 1.65 0.088 2.24 0.119 3.02
⁄
38 0.675 17.15 ... ... 0.065B 1.65 0.091 2.31 0.126 3.20
1⁄ 2 0.840 21.34 0.065B 1.65 0.083B 2.11 0.109 2.77 0.147 3.73
3⁄ 4 1.050 26.67 0.065B 1.65 0.083B 2.11 0.113 2.87 0.154 3.91
1.0 1.315 33.40 0.065B 1.65 0.109B 2.77 0.133 3.38 0.179 4.55
1 1⁄ 4 1.660 42.16 0.065B 1.65 0.109B 2.77 0.140 3.56 0.191 4.85
1 1⁄ 2 1.900 48.26 0.065B 1.65 0.109B 2.77 0.145 3.68 0.200 5.08
2 2.375 60.33 0.065B 1.65 0.109B 2.77 0.154 3.91 0.218 5.54
2 1⁄ 2 2.875 73.03 0.083 2.11 0.120B 3.05 0.203 5.16 0.276 7.01
3 3.500 88.90 0.083 2.11 0.120B 3.05 0.216 5.49 0.300 7.62
3 1⁄ 2 4.000 101.60 0.083 2.11 0.120B 3.05 0.226 5.74 0.318 8.08
4 4.500 114.30 0.083 2.11 0.120B 3.05 0.237 6.02 0.337 8.56
5 5.563 141.30 0.109B 2.77 0.134B 3.40 0.258 6.55 0.375 9.52
6 6.625 168.28 0.109 2.77 0.134B 3.40 0.280 7.11 0.432 10.97
8 8.625 219.08 0.109B 2.77 0.148B 3.76 0.322 8.18 0.500 12.70
10 10.750 273.05 0.134B 3.40 0.165B 4.19 0.365 9.27 0.500B 12.70B
12 12.750 323.85 0.156B 3.96 0.180B 4.57 0.375B 9.52B 0.500B 12.70B
14 14.000 355.60 0.156B 3.96 0.188 4.78 ... ... ... ...
16 16.000 406.40 0.165B 4.19 0.188 4.78 ... ... ... ...
18 18.000 457.20 0.165B 4.19 0.188 4.78 ... ... ... ...
20 20.000 508.00 0.188B 4.78 0.218B 5.54 ... ... ... ...
22 22.000 558.80 0.188B 4.78 0.218B 5.54 ... ... ... ...
24 24.000 609.60 0.218B 5.54 0.250 6.35 ... ... ... ...
30 30.000 762.00 0.250 6.35 0.312 7.92 ... ... ... ...
A
Schedules 5S and 10S wall thicknesses do not permit threading in accordance with the American National Standard for Pipe Threads (ANSI B1.20.1).
B
These do not conform to the American National Standard for Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe (ANSI B36.10-1979).

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 790/A 790M – 05, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1, 2005)

(1) Added new Grade S32808 to Tables 1-3. (2) Editorially corrected Tables 1-3.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 790/A 790M – 04a, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2005)

(1) Added stainless steel 32101 to Tables 1-3.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 790/A 790M – 04, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1, 2004)

(1) Revised Table 3 to remove the maximum tensile strength

value for grade S32760.
(2) Revised quenching requirement for S31260 in Table 1.
(3) Section 15 and Table 4 were added to cover weld seam
repair by welding with addition of filler metal.

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 A 790/A 790M – 05a
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 790/A 790M – 03, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2004)

(1) Corrected editorial mistake in the Silicon value for S32906 paragraph 13.2, clarified lot definition, and renumbered para-
in Table 2. graph 13.3.
(2) Revised tensile strength for S32205 in Table 3. (5) Changed “may” to “shall” and added water quench/rapid
(3) Changed Note 3 to paragraph 13.2. cooled exclusion for UNS 32950 in paragraph 6.3.
(4) Added direct quenching after hot forming option to new

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