What Storytelling Is. An Attempt at Defining The Art Form

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What is 

Storytelling?
A Definition discussed by members of the National Storytelling Association
The following description of "Storytelling" was posted by e-mail in a discussion on how to define
"Storytelling" on the Storytell Listserv.

What Storytelling is. An attempt at defining


the art form.
At its core, storytelling is the art of using language, vocalization, and/or physical
movement and gesture to reveal the elements and images of a story to a specific, live
audience. A central, unique aspect of storytelling is its reliance on the audience to
develop specific visual imagery and detail to complete and co-create the story.

What is a Story?

Most dictionaries define a story as a narrative account of a real or imagined event or
events. Within the storytelling community, a story is more generally agreed to be a
specific structure of narrative with a specific style and set of characters and which
includes a sense of completeness. Through this sharing of experience we use stories to
pass on accumulated wisdom, beliefs, and values. Through stories we explain how
things are, why they are, and our role and purpose. Stories are the building blocks of
knowledge, the foundation of memory and learning. Stories connect us with our
humanness and link past, present, and future by teaching us to anticipate the possible
consequences of our actions.

What is a telling?

It is the live, person-to-person oral and physical presentation of a story to an audience.


"Telling" involves direct contact between teller and listener. It mandates the direct
presentation of the story by the teller. The teller's role is to prepare and present the
necessary language, vocalization, and physicality to effectively and efficiently
communicate the images of a story. The listener's role is to actively create the vivid,
multi-sensory images, actions, characters, and events---the reality---of the story in
their mind based on the performance by the teller, and on their past experiences,
beliefs, and understandings. The completed story happens in the mind of the listener,
unique and personal for each individual.

1. Storytelling is an interactive performance art form. Direct interaction


between the teller and audience is an essential element of the storytelling
experience. An audience responds to the teller's words and actions. The teller
uses this generally non-verbal feedback to immediately, spontaneously, and
improvisationally adjust the tones, wording, and pace of the story to better meet
the needs of the audience.
2. Storytelling is, by design, a co-creative process. Storytelling audiences do not
passively receive a story from the teller, as a viewer receives and records the
content of a television program or motion picture. The teller provides no visual
images, no stage set, and generally, no costumes related to story characters or
historic period. Listeners create these images based on the performer's telling
and on their own experiences and beliefs.
3. Storytelling is, by its nature, personal, interpretive, and uniquely
human. Storytelling passes on the essence of who we are. Stories are a prime
vehicle for assessing and interpreting events, experiences, and concepts from
minor moments of daily life to the grand nature of the human condition. It is an
intrinsic and basic form of human communication. More than any other form of
communication, the telling of stories in an integral and essential part of the
human experience.
4. Storytelling is a process, a medium for sharing, interpreting, offering the
content and meaning of a story to an audience. Because storytelling is
spontaneous and experiential, and thus a dynamic interaction between teller and
listener, it is far more difficult to describe than is the script and camera
directions of a movie, or the lines and stage direction notes of a play.
Storytelling emerges from the interaction and cooperative, coordinated efforts
of teller and audience.

(The material on this page has been condensed from a e-mailed posting to the
members of the Storytell Listserv of a working definition being considered by
the National Storytelling Association in 1997.)

http://www.eldrbarry.net/roos/st_defn.htm

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