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    LABSHEET Ukur Aras Terkini PDF

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    Logarithem
    The document provides instructions for performing a two peg test using a leveling instrument. It describes setting up the level midway between two pegs 30 meters apart and taking readings from staffs on each peg to calculate the height difference. It then describes moving the level 6 meters beyond one peg and taking readings again to check if the height difference is the same, which would indicate the bubble and line of sight are parallel. The document also provides guidelines for establishing temporary benchmarks by flying levels between known and unknown points along a level loop and checking for acceptable misclosure.

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    LABSHEET Ukur Aras Terkini PDF

    Uploaded by

    Logarithem
    414 views6 pages
    The document provides instructions for performing a two peg test using a leveling instrument. It describes setting up the level midway between two pegs 30 meters apart and taking readings from staffs on each peg to calculate the height difference. It then describes moving the level 6 meters beyond one peg and taking readings again to check if the height difference is the same, which would indicate the bubble and line of sight are parallel. The document also provides guidelines for establishing temporary benchmarks by flying levels between known and unknown points along a level loop and checking for acceptable misclosure.

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    LABSHEET ukur aras terkini.pdf

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    The document provides instructions for performing a two peg test using a leveling instrument. It describes setting up the level midway between two pegs 30 meters apart and taking readings from staffs on each peg to calculate the height difference. It then describes moving the level 6 meters beyond one peg and taking readings again to check if the height difference is the same, which would indicate the bubble and line of sight are parallel. The document also provides guidelines for establishing temporary benchmarks by flying levels between known and unknown points along a level loop and checking for acceptable misclosure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    414 views6 pages

    LABSHEET Ukur Aras Terkini PDF

    Uploaded by

    Logarithem
    The document provides instructions for performing a two peg test using a leveling instrument. It describes setting up the level midway between two pegs 30 meters apart and taking readings from staffs on each peg to calculate the height difference. It then describes moving the level 6 meters beyond one peg and taking readings again to check if the height difference is the same, which would indicate the bubble and line of sight are parallel. The document also provides guidelines for establishing temporary benchmarks by flying levels between known and unknown points along a level loop and checking for acceptable misclosure.

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    You are on page 1of 6

    CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    GEOMATIC LABORATORY

    LABORATORY SHEET

    Subject code

    Practical code MG 02

    Practical name Levelling

    Course code
    CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES
    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

    GEOMATIC LABORATORY

    Subject Code
    Practical Name
    Course Code
    Practical Date
    Group
    Group Leader
    Group Members 1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    Lecture name / Instructor /
    Tutor
    Marks Introduction /5%
    Objective /5%
    Theory / 10 %
    Instrument /5%
    Procedure /5%
    Data / Table / 10 %
    Data analysis / 20 %
    Discussion / 15 %
    Presentation / Ploting / 10 %
    Conclusion/ / 10 %
    Recommendation
    Reference /5%
    Total mark / 100 %
    Comments Accepted Seal
    Centre For Diploma Studies Sheet No. 1/4
    Department of Civil Engineering Edition
    Checking No.
    Levelling (Two Peg Test) Effective date June 2012
    Revised date
    1.0 Introduction
    Two peg test is a surveying operation carried out to determine whether the
    levelling bubble and telescope line of sight are parallel.

    2.0 Aim
    Peg Test is a surveying operation carried out to determine if the leveling bubble (bubble
    axis) and telescope line-of-sight (line of collimation) are parallel

    3.0 Equipments
    3.1 Level and Tripod (1 set)
    3.2 Staff (2 sets)
    3.3 Staff bubble (2 sets)
    3.4 Tape (1 set)

    4.0 Procedures
    4.1 Each group will be required to perform a peg test to check the instrument.
    4.2 Each person in the group should record the results of the peg test in their own field
    book.
    4.3 Set out and mark on the ground (with wooden pegs driven into the earth, or roofing
    nails in tar) two point some 30 m apart.
    4.4 Set up instrument midway between two pegs [Figure 3.1].

    Figure 3.1: The first set up


    Centre For Diploma Studies Sheet No. 2/4
    Department of Civil
    Edition
    Engineering
    Checking No.
    Levelling (Two Peg Test) Effective date June 2012
    Revised date

    4.5 Read staff on each peg (back sight and foresight), and calculate height difference.
    4.6 Next, move instrument about L/10 = 6 m beyond one of the pegs (normally fore staff
    position), [Figure 3.2].
    4.7 Read staff on each peg again, and calculate height difference

    Figure 3.2: The second set up

    5.0 Observations Data and Analysis

    Reading Staff B (S 1) Reading Staff A (S2 ) Height difference = m


    First set up

    Reading Staff B (S1’) Reading Staff A (S2’) Height difference = m’


    Second set up

    Difference (m – m’) 30 m 60 m

    5.0 If m=m’ then the instrument is OK!


    5.1 Acceptable error: 5mm
    The error is called collimation error.
    Centre For Diploma Studies Sheet No. 3/4
    Department of Civil
    Edition
    Engineering
    Checking No.
    Levelling (Establish TBM) Effective date June 2012
    Revised date
    6.0 Introduction
    Vertical Control is the general term applied to any of the various processes by each
    elevation of points or differences in elevation are determined. It is a vital operation in
    producing necessary data for mapping, engineering design, and construction.

    7.0 Aim
    To fly reduced level from known point (Benchmark or Temporary Benchmark) to
    unknown point.

    8.0 Equipments
    8.1 Level and Tripod (1 set)
    8.2 Staff (2 sets)
    8.3 Staff bubble (2 sets)

    9.0 Field Procedures


    9.1 Observation Procedures
    9.1.1 Consider a series of measurements of level loop as shown in Figure 3.3.
    9.1.2 Start at BM A, so the first reading measurement from Setup 1 is a back
    sight to BM A, and the second reading is a foresight to CP1 known as a
    Change Point.
    9.1.3 The leveling staff then remains at CP1, while the instrument moves to
    Setup 2. Take back sight reading to CP1, and foresight reading to CP2, and
    so on.
    9.1.4 Eventually, a Setup 4, a back sight reading is made to CP3, and foresight
    reading to BM A.
    9.1.5 The traverse is then CLOSED. This allows a check on the levels, since the
    sum of all the changes in level should be zero.

    Figure 3.3: A sample of leveling loop


    Sheet No. 4/4
    Centre For Diploma Studies
    Department of Civil
    Edition
    Engineering
    Checking No.
    Levelling (Two Peg Test) Effective date June 2012
    Revised date

    9.2 Booking Procedures


    9.2.1 The Rise and Fall Method
    The terms that are commonly used in the Rise and Fall Method
    are:
    BS = Backsight,
    FS = Foresight,
    IS = Intermediate Sight, and
    RL = Reduced Level.

    9.3 Reduction (Calculation) Procedures


    9.3.1 Checks your survey accuracy, and should be within tolerances given below
    or suitable for your project. This check should be applied before your leave
    the job
    9.3.2 The following check the arithmetic of your level reductions and must be
    exact:
    BS - FS = Rise - Fall
    (BS) – (FS) = RL (last BM) – RL (start BM)
    9.3.3 Misclosure should be:
    (20 K) mm, where K is the length of the traverse in
    km.
    9.3.4 For example, misclosure is +30 mm and the length of the loop is 0.7 km.
    Hence the misclosure limit is 20 0.7 = 17 mm. Therefore, the misclosure
    of +30 mm is too big (means that the leveling work is not accepted).

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