A S Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English, P. 662
A S Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English, P. 662
A S Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English, P. 662
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
previous study, problem of the study, hypothesis of the study, limitation of the
of sounds and words used by humans to express their thoughts and feelings.1
important need for people to gain more combative advantages. It is known that
students to use english in real situation. It means which the students can use it
learning. So, many students are not interest in learning English. Therefore, the
1
A S Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English, p. 662
1
2
as,notices that a qualified teacher is the teacher who is able to suit best method
fortunate country where reading is well prepared for and well taught. Children
are prepared for reading at an early age by listening to stories, being read to,
and interacting with adults and others about the stories they hear. This is done
not with the main purpose of preparing a child for reading but as a way that
parents and others interact with, show affection for, and entertain and educate
children. 3
strategies when the need to change strategies becomes apparent. For most poor
and monitoring strategies is not automatic. So, teachers need to recognize their
students' learning habits, the problems the students encounter while grappling
with the intricate system of the foreign language and provide them with
2
Arif Furchan, Pengantar Penelitian Dalam Pendidikan, Surabaya: Usaha Nasional. P . 4
3
I.S.P. Nation. Teaching ESL/EFL Reading and Writing. p.2-3
4
H. Douglas Brown, Teaching by Principles an Interactive Approach to Language
Pedagogy, San Francisco: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 2001, 2nd Edp. 306
3
methodology Newell and Simon were able to explain protocol data from a
theory of human memory and assumptions about the knowledge that subjects
could bring to bear on a task. This work had a major influence, because it
study problem solving strategies. ''One way for teachers to know what reading
strategies students are using and help them use effective strategies in their
the text they are reading''. Therefore modeling strategic behaviors for
struggling readers by thinking aloud for them while they read (and hence,
allowing students to think aloud), is the first step in raising their awareness of
is one type of verbal reports, obtained from the readers during reading . Think-
aloud means that readers report their thoughts while reading, but they are not
their subjects to say out loud whatever goes through their minds, researchers
5
Maarten W. van SomerenYvonne F. BarnardJacobijn A.C. Sandberg. The Think Aloud
Method A practical guide to modelling cognitive Processes. P.38
4
hope to get a more direct view of the mental processes readers are engaged in
while reading. 6
sticky notes / on the board, large / small group) in a variety of ways, allows
the opportunity for teachers to informally assess how students think and
comprehend material, students are given a purpose and as a result able to read
more effectively, students are encouraged to pause while they are reading and
think about whether they understand and what steps they should take if they
don’t, and can be used with students of varying reading skills / levels.
how to pronounce. Second, about the difficult words that their find in the
passage. Three, unfamiliar words and the last is about the grammatically
7 https://makingeducationfun.wordpress.com/2012/02/29/think-aloud-reading-strategy/
aces date: Sunday, 17-5-2015 21:32
5
instead. This problem got by interview with students at eight grade MTsN –
2 Palangka Raya.8
Based on the problem and the benefits of the strategy, thats why I as
writer interested in choose this topic use the think aloud strategy how to
B. Previous study
reading, thereby researchers will be able to achieve a better view of the mental
aloud is a method which helps the teachers to collect unseen processes such as
inference or the use of prior knowledge by learner. In the present paper, the
researchers have considered a type of verbal report and the way it can be used
this end, 32 subjects were selected randomly from among upper intermediate
Iranian EFL male learners in Parsian English Institute in Tonekabon, Iran and
The TOEFL test administered to the students. Finally, the data gathered by
the experiment was analyzed through SPSS software, using Samples Independent
t-test. The results revealed that there is significant increases in mean score of
treatment group, confirming the positive effect of think-aloud method on
improving learners' reading. Second, point out that the think-aloud method can be
used as a diagnostic tool to analyze students' strengths and weaknesses in reading
since it reveals rich information about how readers carry out mental activity,
which is unobservable. TAPs (Think-Aloud Protocols) provide rich information
about how learners solve problems it developed in 1996, what difficulties they
encounter andwhat contexts they use certain strategies in a learning task, As
students think out loud with teachers and with peers, they gradually internalize
this dialogue; it becomes their inner speech, the means by which they direct their
own behaviors and problem-solving processes.According to Snow, for a purpose
to achieve some ends. During reading the reader processesthe text with regard to
the purpose. To be a good reader, the learner must learn how to comprehend and
understand the passage. So, her or she can achieve thepurpose of reading is done.
Think-aloud are used to model comprehension processes such as making
predictions, creating images, linking information in text with prior knowledge,
monitoring comprehension, and overcoming problems with word recognition or
comprehension.
The problem of this study: what is effect of think aloud strategy toward
the students’ reading skill at the Eight grade of MTsN-2 Palangka Raya?
The use of think aloud gives effect to improve students’ ability in reading
The use of think aloud does not give effect to improve students’ ability in
The scope of the study was only conducted to know the effectof think
aloud strategy toward students’ reading skill in teaching narrative text in ESL
Raya with the pecentages are 60% of explicit questions (literal questions) and
2. The students’ reading score of think aloud strategy will improve better
think aloud strategy toward students’ reading ability at the Eight Graders of
this study enables up to understand more about the uses of think aloud
strategy in teaching learning process that can be used to improve the quality of
the reading text. Practically, the study is as the alternative way to improve the
aloud srategy of reading text, and as contribution for those who want to use
As the experimental study, there are two variables of the study, they are:
1. The independent variable of study (X) is think aloud strategy that is used
2. The dependent variable of the study (Y) is the students’ score in reading
narrative text.
In order to clarify the key terms used in this study, some definitions are
put forward.
meaning from a text. The think-aloud strategy asks students to say out
loud what they are thinking about when reading, solving math problems,
passage that contain basic information are the details on which main ideas,
cause and effect relationships, inferences, and so on are built. It means that
between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior
where in you write the key information (such as major points, definitions,
10
the meta-analysis studies that summarize the finding from a specific area
realationship between two variables. In this case this study would measure
K. Theoretical Framework
analysis