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Fighting World War I 1

1) World War 1 began in 1914 due to increasing tensions between European nations and nationalism in the Balkans which led to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by Serbia, pulling countries into alliances on both sides. 2) By 1915, the war had reached a stalemate as both sides used new weapons like tanks, airplanes, and chemical weapons in trench warfare along the Western and Eastern Fronts with huge casualties and no clear victories. 3) The United States entered the war in 1917 after German attacks on American merchant ships, outrage over the Zimmerman Telegram, and the need to support its allies, bringing fresh troops that helped the Allies gain the advantage and

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1K views4 pages

Fighting World War I 1

1) World War 1 began in 1914 due to increasing tensions between European nations and nationalism in the Balkans which led to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by Serbia, pulling countries into alliances on both sides. 2) By 1915, the war had reached a stalemate as both sides used new weapons like tanks, airplanes, and chemical weapons in trench warfare along the Western and Eastern Fronts with huge casualties and no clear victories. 3) The United States entered the war in 1917 after German attacks on American merchant ships, outrage over the Zimmerman Telegram, and the need to support its allies, bringing fresh troops that helped the Allies gain the advantage and

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Name ______________________________

Date ___________________ Pd ________


Fighting World War I
I. Fighting World War I (1914-1918)
A. Causes of World War
1. From 1870 to 1914, the growth of _____________________, alliances, imperialism, & ______________________
increased tensions increased among European nations
2. Nationalism among _______________ in the ___________________________ led to the assassination of Archduke
________________________________ in 1914
3. The conflict between Serbia & Austria-Hungary triggered __________________________ and started World War I
B. The Outbreak of War in 1914
1. When the war began in August 1914, Europeans were __________________________________ about fighting
2. Most people anticipated that the war would be over by ___________________________ 1914….they were wrong
C. The Schlieffen Plan
1. When the war began, Germany’s biggest problem was the potential of fighting on __________________________
2. Germany’s solution was the ___________________________________________________ which involved quickly
defeating ______________________ in the West…then sending troops to the East before ____________________
was fully mobilized for war
3. The Schlieffen Plan seemed to be working when the ___________________________________________ marched
through Belgium & France, within miles of Paris
4. But, English & French troops saved _________________ at the Battle of the ____________________…Meanwhile,
Russia mobilized _____________________ than expected, so Germany had to divert troops from France
D. Because the Schlieffen Plan ___________________________, the Central Powers were forced to fight a two-front war
1. The fighting between Germany & France was known as the _____________________________________________
2. The fighting between Germany & Russia was known as the _____________________________________________
E. Trench Warfare & New Weapons

1. By 1915, the war settled into a ___________________________ as each side fortified their positions with trenches
2. New weapons were invented to try to gain an advantage & win the war
a. ________________________ d. _______________________ f. _________________________
& zeppelins
b. Long-range _______________ g. ________________________
e. _______________________
c. ________________________
& grenade launchers
3. New weapons killed soldiers more effectively; During World War I, _______ million soldier died & _______ million
were wounded
F. Fighting in the Western and Eastern Fronts

1. Fighting on the Western Front slowed to a stalemate as neither side could gain an advantage
a. During the 10 month Battle of _____________ in 1916, ___________________ soldiers were killed or wounded
b. Another 1 million soldiers were killed or wounded at the Battle of _______________________
c. Despite the deaths, neither the Allies or Central Powers gained an _____________________ after these battles
2. On the Eastern Front, the _____________ army was __________________ to hold on against the German military
a. Russia was not as ____________________________________ as the rest of Europe & failed to produce enough
________________________ or food
b. Millions of Russian soldiers & civilians ___________________ during the war
c. By 1917, Russia was on the brink of ___________________________
3. The stalemate on the Western & Eastern Fronts turned World War I into a ________________________________
where each side tried to out-produce & __________________________ the enemy
G. Nations committed to _________________________________ to win World War I
1. _____________________________________ were converted to make war equipment
2. Industrial resources were _________________________ in order to prioritize military needs
3. Governments used ________________________________ to draft civilians into the military
4. ________________________________ was used to maintain civilian support for the war
5. Overseas ____________________________________ were used to gain resources or additional soldiers
H. German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

1. To keep Germany from trading with other nations, Britain used its navy to __________________________ Europe
2. Germany responded by using _____________________________________________________________________
to attack the British navy & any _______________________________________ supplying the Allies
3. German u-boat attacks played a role in bringing the _________________ into World War I
II. The United States and the End of the War (1917-1918)
A. The United States

1. When World War I began in 1914, the United States remained ___________________________…But, the USA was
pulled into the war by 1917
2. As a neutral nation, the USA was _______________________ with the Allies during the war
3. Germany’s policy of unrestricted submarine warfare led to _________________________ on U.S. merchant ships
& British passenger ships
a. President Woodrow Wilson demanded “_______________________________________” but Germany refused
b. Americans were outraged in May 1915 when a German ___________ sank the British ship _________________
killing 1,200 people including 128 Americans
4. America’s anger with Germany increased in 1917 after the discovery of the ________________________ Telegram
a. Germany knew that u-boat attacks would eventually bring the USA ___________________________
b. Germany proposed that ___________________ attack the USA in exchange for the return of ______________,
New Mexico, Arizona
c. Americans were _____________________
5. On April 2, 1917, the United States ______________________________________ on Germany & entered the war
B. The End of the War in 1918

1. The arrival of millions of American soldiers in 1918 gave a ____________________ the Allies
2. But in November 1917, _______________________ signed a peace & ___________________ the war
3. By 1918, the Central Powers were running out of ______________________ & tried a massive attack into France…
But, the Allies _____________________ the attack & pushed back
4. Bulgaria, _____________________________, & Austria-Hungary _________________________ in October 1918
5. On November 11, 1918 _________________________ agreed to an ____________________________ (ceasefire)
& World War I finally came to an end

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