Technical Product Information

TECHNICAL PRODUCT INFORMATION
Spring wire for applications with

high performance demands
Suzuki Garphyttan has produced wire since 1906.
Since 1927 the main product is oil tempered valve
spring wire for the automotive industry. During the
years others special wires such as stainless round
wire, flat rolled and shaped wire in carbon, low alloyed
and stainless material, have been added to the prod-
uct program. We have acquired extensive knowledge
and experience of steel grades, efficient manufactur-
ing and quality control which is crucial to the proper-
ties of the finished product. Large resources are in-
vested in research concerning improved properties of
our products and improved manufacturing processes,
enabling Suzuki Garphyttan to be world leader in the
manufacturing of spring wire.
The main focus is spring wire for combustion
engines (valve and transmission springs, piston
rings, compression rings, fuel injection springs)
and other automotive applications.
Coiling properties
Defect free surfaces, narrow dimensional and tensile strength tolerances are important in achieving
the best properties for spring coiling. Each wire is continuously controlled during the entire manufactur-
ing – from wire rod to the finished product – according to a specific control plan.
Certified quality
Suzuki Garphyttan has a Quality Management System certified according to the International Standard
for Quality ISO TS 16949.
Our main wire rod suppliers also have Quality Management Systems certified by a third party ac-
cording to ISO 9001 as a minimum and are also regularly audited by Suzuki Garphyttan.
Technical support
We are prepared to assist you in utilizing modern materials for maximum performance. For us it is ob-
vious and necessary to be at the front, to serve our customers, discussing problems and areas for
development in existing as well as new products.
Environmental awareness
Our goal is to manufacture high quality products without any negative effects on the environment. We
are continuously improving our manufacturing processes to improve both internal and external envi-
ronment. Before new investments are made, special consideration is given to environmental solutions.
We are certified according to ISO 14001.
For more information regarding different elements in our products we recommend the database
IMDS ”International Material Data System” where each element is named with a separate CAS-No.
See the following Internet address: www.mdsystem.com.
August 2014
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
Oil tempered
special spring
wire for applications
with high performance
requirements
August 2014
High quality oil tempered wire
OTEVA® oil tempered valve spring wire KD oil tempered clutch and transmission spring
For valve springs in combustion engines as well as for wire
transmission and crankshaft damper springs subjected to For use in clutch springs of different types with various per-
extreme fatigue. OTEVA® grades cover different demands formance demands. KD is an oil tempered wire with good
of high performance in tensile strength and fatigue life. dynamical characteristics.
Our valve spring wire grades differ from each other in
terms of chemical, mechanical and technical properties as
well as required surface finish with regard to surface depth STATO oil tempered spring wire
and decarburization levels. An oil tempered wire grade used for springs subjected to
static stress or moderate fatigue. STATO is available in
Oil tempered wire is also manufactured with egg or ellipti- different types of steel demanding ultimate tensile strength,
cal cross sections. Profiled cross sections give the ad- and relaxation properties comparable to the OTEVA®
vantage of optimum distribution of stresses in a spring (see grades.
fig.).
Stress distribution
in transversal section
comparing round
(picture to the right)
and egg shaped
(picture to the left)
wire respectively.
Chemical composition, approximate values in %

Our grades C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Ni Mo W
OTEVA® 101 SC 0.60 2.25 0.50 0.020 0.025 1.25 0.15 – 0.15 0.15
OTEVA® 96 SC/SC PLUS 0.64 2.15 0.45 0.020 0.025 0.97 0.13 – 0.13 –
OTEVA® 91 SC/SC PLUS 0.63 2.00 0.45 0.020 0.025 0.90 0.10 – 0.10 –
OTEVA® 90 SC/SC PLUS 0.60 2.00 0.85 0.020 0.020 0.95 0.10 0.30 – –
OTEVA® 76 SC/SC PLUS 0.60 1.47 0.70 0.020 0.020 0.75 0.15 0.30 – –
OTEVA® 75 SC/SC PLUS 0.60 1.47 0.70 0.020 0.020 0.75 0.15 – – –
OTEVA® 74 SC/SC PLUS 0.65 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.025 0.70 – – – –
OTEVA® 70 SC/SC PLUS 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.020 0.67 – – – –
SWOSC-VHV 0.60 1.47 0.70 0.020 0.020 0.67 0.15 – – –
SWOSC-V 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.020 0.67 – – – –
75 KD, 75 KD S 0.60 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.020 0.67 0.15 – – –
70 KD, 70 KD S 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.020 0.67 – – – –
STATO 75 0.60 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.025 0.67 0.15 – – –
STATO 70 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.025 0.67 – – – –
June 2016
High quality oil tempered wire
Nearest equivalent standards
Our grades EN 10270-2 SIS ASTM B.S. JIS

OTEVA® 101 SC – – – – –
OTEVA® 96 SC/SC PLUS – – – – –
OTEVA® 75 SC/SC PLUS VDSiCrV – – – –
OTEVA® 70 SC/SC PLUS VDSiCr 142090-05 A 877 2803 685A55HD JIS G 3561 SWOSC-V
SWOSC-VHV VDSiCrV – – – –
SWOSC-V VDSiCr 142090-05 A 877 2803 685A55HD JIS G 3561 SWOSC-V
75 KD, 75 KD S TDSiCrV – – – –
70 KD, 70 KD S TDSiCr 142090-05 A 401 2803 685A55ND –
STATO 75 FDSiCrV – – – –
STATO 70 FDSiCr 142090-05 A 401 2803 685A55HS JIS G 3568 SWOSC-B
June 2016
Eddy Current continuous
surface testing
Suzuki Garphyttan uses the most advanced Eddy Current testing equipment available on the market. Experience
from many years of surface testing in efficient continuous testing lines is a guarantee for high quality spring wire.
Eddy Current testing is carried out on material with high demands on surface quality.
EC-testing is performed with both rotating (R) and stationary (D) probe test equipment. The different levels of EC-testing are
indicated in the steel grade designations in the table below.
Steel grade designations
OTEVA® 101 SC RD40 S

OTEVA® 96 SC/SC PLUS RD40 S
OTEVA® 70 SC S (*)
OTEVA® 70 SC (*)
SWOSC-VHV RD40 S
SWOSC-V RD40 S
75 KD, 75 KD S R60
75 KD (*)
70 KD, 70 KD S R60
70 KD (*)
STATO 75 (*)
STATO 70 (*)
SC = Super Clean
R = Rotation probe testing
RD = Rotation probe + stationary probe testing
40, 60 = Defect depth levels in µm
S = Shaved
Continuous testing of surface defects is performed as standard in sizes from 2.00 – 6.00 mm.
Other sizes can be agreed upon.
Grades indicated with (*) refer to material outside the size range 2.00 – 6.00 mm, or grades not requiring EC-testing.
June 2016
Delivery forms
Oil tempered spring wire
Delivery forms
Spool/Coil diameter
Inner Outer Coil/Spool
Wire sizes diam. diam. weight
mm Type Code min. mm max. mm abt. kg
0.50 – 1.00 Plastic spool S4610 314 460 40

0.50 – 2.10 Metal spool S6520 400 700 110 / 225
1.10 – 2.50 Coils/Carrier No 1 RU0004 450 700 225

0.80 – 2.50 Coils/Carrier No 2 RM0004 450 700 225
0.80 – 2.50 Coils/Wooden Box RM0021 450 700 225
RM0024 450 700 110
RM0025 450 700 110
RM0027 450 700 110
2.00 – 3.00 Coils/Carrier No 3 RM0006 720 1 200 225

RU0006 720 1 200 450
RU0019 720 1 200 450
RU0021* 720 1 200 450
2.00 – 4.00 Coils/Wooden Box RM0021 720 1 200 225

RM0022 720 1 200 225
RM0023 720 1 200 225
2.00 – 3.00 Coils/Carrier No 4 RU0011 1 070 1 500 900

RU0020 1 070 1 500 900
RU0022* 1 070 1 500 900
> 3.00 – 6.50 Coils/Carrier No 5 RU0012 1 070 1 500 1 800

RU0014* 1 070 1 500 1 800
> 6.50 – 14.00 Coils** 1 350 1 650 500

* RU0014, RU0021 and RU0022 have VCI plastic cover, oversea transport.
** Sizes > 6.50 – 14.00 mm in coils in unshaved condition subcontracted.
Packing
The packings for the different delivery forms can be seen in the next page.
Standard packing alternatives (others can be delivered on special request):

Plastic and metal spool covered with paper - on EUR-pallet (S-codes)
Coil covered with plastic hood - on carrier (RU-codes)
Coil covered with VCI plastic hood - on carrier (RU-codes) oversea transport.
Coils separately wrapped with paper - on carrier (RM-codes)
Coils separately wrapped with paper - in wooden boxes (RM-codes)
Wire sizes 6.50 – 10.00 mm are subcontracted and the sales is organized from our German office.
Packaging materials used are only those which can be recycled, such as paper and polyethylene.
August 2014
Delivery forms
Oil tempered spring wire
Carriers
Surface: galvanized
Delivery Tara Max
form Size, mm weight weight
Type Code A B C D abt. kg abt. kg
Carrier 1 RU0004 800 1200 1000 420 17 700
Carrier 2 RM0004 800 1200 1000 540 17 300
Carrier 3 RM0006 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
RU0006 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
RU0019 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
RU0021 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
Carrier 4 RM0011 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
RU0011 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
RU0020 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
RU0022 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
Carrier 5 RU0012 1160 1530 1200 1070 42 1800
RU0014 1160 1530 1200 1070 42 1800
Spools
Colour: black/green
Delivery Tara Max.
form Size, mm weight weight
Type Code A B C D E abt. kg abt. kg
Plastic S4610 460 105 319 91 305 1.8 40
Metal S6520 695 314 400 270 33 26 275
EUR-pallet
Spools
Delivery Tara Spool
form Size, mm weight weight Weight
Type Code Width Length Height abt. kg abt. kg abt. kg
1 SP6520 800 1200 150 26 225 750
2 SP4611 800 1200 340 34 40 500
3 SP4612 800 1200 540 42 40 750
4 SP4613 800 1200 740 50 40 1000
Packing of plastic and metal spools on EUR-pallet. Max. weight 1000 kg.
Wooden boxes
Boxes for paper wrapped coils
Delivery Tara Coil
form Outer size, mm weight weight Weight
Code Width Length Height abt. kg abt. kg abt. kg
RM0021 1110 1150 1000 78 225/450 1 000
RM0022 1110 1150 620 57 225/450 500
RM0023 1110 1150 430 48 225/450 250
RM0024 850 850 950 52 110 450
RM0025 850 850 600 36 110 225
RM0027 850 850 450 20 110 145
The paper wrapped coils with wire sizes > 2.50 mm are placed in wooden boxes
with code RM0021-23 and coils with wire sizes < 2.50 mm in the boxes RM0024-27.
August 2014
OTEVA® 101 SC
Oil tempered SiCrVMoW-alloyed ultra-high tensile clutch and trans-
mission spring wire for surface nitriding
OTEVA® 101 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch and transmission springs and
other springs requiring high fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at increased working temperatures.
Manufactured as standard in shaved condition in sizes from Ø 2.00 mm to 5.00 mm or in egg or elliptical shape correspond-
ing to round cross section 2.50 mm to 5.00 mm. Other wire sizes on request.
Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Mo W
% % % % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 2.10 – 2.40 0.30 – 0.70 0.020 0.025 1.10 – 1.40 0.05 – 0.25 0.05 – 0.25 0.05 – 0.25
4)
Physical properties Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
2
mm ± mm N/mm min. % min. revs.
2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2100 – 2200 40 2

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2100 – 2200 40 2
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2100 – 2200 40 2
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 2100 – 2200 40 2
1)
Other wire sizes on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265. The tensile strength R m within one
2
coil does not vary more than 50 N/mm .
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the
wire axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.
Surface condition – non-destructive testing As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
In the standard size range 2.00 - 5.00 mm the wire is tested sions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level 15µm.
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
tion
Surface condition – end sample test
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and Heat treatment
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
the material structure.
stress relieved. Depending on nitriding temperature used
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization later in the spring manufacturing process, this temperature
and surface defects, 0.5% x wire diameter. No complete may be decreased.
decarburization allowed.
Hot presetting
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
Cleanliness in steel
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and re-
The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is laxation properties, the springs must be preset at an appro-
inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
priate stress.
Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring Delivery forms
wire are the following; See separate sheet.
For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
area.
Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
June 2016
OTEVA® 101 SC
Oil tempered SiCrVMoW-alloyed ultra-high tensile clutch and transmission spring wire for surface nitriding
Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
Soft shot peening (specially designed test spring) Diagrams 1 and 2:
Before the nitriding process a soft shot peening process
shall be applied in order to remove the oxide layer on the Wire diameter Ø 3.85 mm
spring wire surface. Spring index 6
Nitriding Stress relieving

Springs of OTEVA® 101 SC must be nitrided to obtain Temperature 450°C (790 ±10 °F)
Time 30 minutes
optimum fatigue and relaxation properties. Our recommen-
dation is gas nitriding. Soft shot peened
Speed 20-30 m/s
Shot peening Time 5 min
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Shot size 0.8 mm
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size
Nitriding Gas nitriding
of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and Temperature 450-470°C
shot peening equipment. Time 5-20 hours
Aim for surface hardness Min. 850 Hv
For nitrided springs with an extremely hard surface zone, it Aim for core hardness Min. 610 Hv
is important to use a shot peening media with high hard- Compound (white) layer Max. 1 µm.
ness.
Shot peening (triple shot
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly peening for nitrided springs)
critical. 1st treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
size 0.6 mm (hardness 800 Hv) for
Relaxation and fatigue properties 20 minutes.
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illus- 2nd treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
trated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test size 0.25 mm (hardness 800 Hv)
for 10 minutes.
spring design. 3rd treatment Pressure 0.2 MPa with fine shoot
size (hardness 700 HV) for 10
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of load) of
minutes.
nitrided springs made from OTEVA® 101 SC wire subjected Aim for Almen arc-height 0.55 – 0.60 mm
to static compression at different temperatures, nitrided/not 2
nitrided. Hot presetting 1500 N/mm (nitrided springs)
2
(theoretically set) 1300 N/mm (not nitrided springs)
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
Garphyttan. Time 10 minutes
Diagram 1 –Fatigue properties for nitrided springs. Diagram 2 –Relaxation properties for nitrided springs.
June 2016
OTEVA® 96 SC/ OTEVA® 96 SC PLUS
Oil tempered SiCrVMo-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for
surface nitriding
OTEVA® 96 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch/transmission springs with extremely
high fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at increased working temperatures.
Manufactured as standard in shaved condition in sizes from Ø 2.00 mm to 6.00 mm, or in egg or elliptical shape correspond-
OTEVA® 96 SC PLUS is intended for manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring extremely high fatigue proper-
ties and good relaxation properties at increased working temperatures.
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Mo
% % % % % % % %
0.60 – 0.70 2.00 – 2.20 0.30 – 0.60 0.020 0.025 0.90 – 1.00 0.10 – 0.15 0.10 – 0.15
Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
2
2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2130 – 2230 45 5
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2080 – 2180 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 2030 – 2130 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1980 – 2080 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1980 – 2080 40 3
1)
2)
3)
2
4)
Yield point method). For OTEVA® 96 SC PLUS an additional extended
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.8 x tensile strength of the inspection method applies.
wire. The proof stress will rise above 0.9 x tensile strength Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
after stress relieving the springs. wire are the following;
E and G modulus For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm area.
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
Surface condition - non-destructive testing Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. sions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
Surface condition - end sample test 15µm.
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of tion
the material structure. Heat treatment
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization
and surface defects, 1 % x wire diameter. In shaved condi-
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 later in the valve spring manufacturing process, this tem-
mm 0.5% x d. perature may be decreased.
Cleanliness in steel Hot presetting

The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
inspected for every heat of OTEVA® 96 SC in accordance stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and re-
with the Suzuki Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T- laxation properties, the springs must be preset at an appro-
priate stress.
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVMo-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for surface nitriding
Delivery forms
See separate sheet. Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
(specially designed test spring) Diagrams 1 and 2:
Soft shot peening
Before the nitriding process a soft shot peening process Wire diameter Ø 3.85 mm
shall be applied in order to remove the oxide layer on the Spring index 6
spring wire surface. Stress relieving
Nitriding Temperature 450 ±5 °C (840 ±10 °F)
min. 420 °C (790 ±10 °F) for nitrid-
Springs of OTEVA® 96 SC should be nitrided to obtain op- ing
timum fatigue and relaxation properties. Our recommenda- Time 30 minutes
tion is gas nitriding.
Soft shot peened
Shot peening Speed 20-30 m/s
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Time 5 min
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of Shot size 0.8 mm
shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot Nitriding Gas nitriding
peening equipment. Temperature 450-470°C
Time 5-20 hours
For nitrided springs with an extremely hard surface zone, it Aim for surface hardness Min. 800 Hv
is important to use a shot peening media with high hardness. Aim for core hardness Min. 560 Hv
Compound (white) layer Max. 1 µm.
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly
critical. Shot peening (triple shot
peening for nitrided springs)
Relaxation and fatigue properties 1st treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illustrat- size 0.6 mm (hardness 800 Hv) for
20 minutes.
ed in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test spring
2nd treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
design. size 0.25 mm (hardness 800 Hv)
for 10 minutes.
3rd treatment Pressure 0.2 MPa with fine shoot
springs made from OTEVA® 96 SC wire subjected to static size (hardness 700 HV) for 10
compression at different temperatures, nitrided/not nitrided. minutes.
Aim for Almen arc-height 0.55 – 0.60 mm
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki
2
Garphyttan. Hot presetting 1500 N/mm (nitrided springs)
2
Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
Time 10 minutes
Initial stress
Final stress Tau (corr.) 6
Tau (corr.) Nitrided
N/mm
2 Number of cycles: 25 x 10 N/mm
2
Time of test: 24 h
Not nitireded
2
Initial stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
Loss of load, %
Diagram 1 – Fatigue properties as nitrided/not nitrided.
Diagram 2 – Relaxation properties, nitrided/not nitrided springs
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVMo-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for
surface nitriding
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Mo
% % % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.80 – 2.20 0.30 – 0.60 0.020 0.025 0.80 – 1.00 0.05 – 0.15 0.05 – 0.15
Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
2
2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2130 – 2230 45 5
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2080 – 2180 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 2030 – 2130 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1980 – 2080 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1980 – 2080 40 3
1)
2)
3)
2
4)
with the Suzuki Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-
Yield point method).
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.8 x tensile strength of the For OTEVA® 91 SC PLUS an additional extended inspec-
wire. The proof stress will rise above 0.9 x tensile strength tion method applies.
after stress relieving the springs. Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
E and G modulus wire are the following;
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 area.
Surface condition – non-destructive testing Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request.
Surface condition – end sample test As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
sions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of 15µm.
the material structure. * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
tion
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 Heat treatment
mm 0.5% x d. As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Cleanliness in steel later in the valve spring manufacturing process, this tem-
The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is perature may be decreased.
inspected for every heat of OTEVA® 91 SC in accordance
May 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVMo-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for surface nitriding
Hot presetting
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and relax-
ation properties, the springs must be preset at an appropri- Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
ate stress. (specially designed test spring) Diagrams 1 and 2:
Delivery forms Wire diameter Ø 3.85 mm

See separate sheet. Spring index 6
Soft shot peening Stress relieving

Before the nitriding process a soft shot peening process Temperature 450 ±5 °C (840 ±10 °F)
min. 420 °C (790 ±10 °F) for nitrid-
shall be applied in order to remove the oxide layer on the ing
spring wire surface. Time 30 minutes
Nitriding Soft shot peened
Springs of OTEVA® 91 SC should be nitrided to obtain op- Speed 20-30 m/s
timum fatigue and relaxation properties. Our recommenda- Time 5 min
Shot size 0.8 mm
tion is gas nitriding.
Nitriding Gas nitriding
Shot peening
Temperature 450-470°C
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Time 5-20 hours
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of Aim for surface hardness Min. 800 Hv
shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot Aim for core hardness Min. 560 Hv
peening equipment. Compound (white) layer Max. 1 µm.
For nitrided springs with an extremely hard surface zone, it Shot peening (triple shot
peening for nitrided springs)
is important to use a shot peening media with high hardness. 1st treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly size 0.6 mm (hardness 800 Hv) for
20 minutes.
critical. 2nd treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
Relaxation and fatigue properties size 0.25 mm (hardness 800 Hv)
for 10 minutes.
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illustrat-
3rd treatment Pressure 0.2 MPa with fine shoot
ed in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test spring size (hardness 700 HV) for 10
design. minutes.
Aim for Almen arc-height 0.55 – 0.60 mm
2
springs made from OTEVA® 91 SC wire subjected to static Hot presetting 1500 N/mm (nitrided springs)
2
compression at different temperatures, nitrided/not nitrided. (theoretically set) 1300 N/mm (not nitrided springs)
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki Time 10 minutes
Garphyttan.
Initial stress Nitrided
Final stress Tau (corr.) 6 Tau (corr.)
Number of cycles: 25 x 10 2 Time of test: 24 h
N/mm
2 N/mm Not nitireded
2
Loss of load, %
Diagram 1 – Fatigue properties as nitrided/not nitrided. Diagram 2 – Relaxation properties, nitrided/not nitrided springs
May 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVNi-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for
surface nitriding
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Ni
% % % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.80 – 2.20 0.70 – 1.00 0.020 0.020 0.85 – 1.05 0.05 – 0.15 0.20 – 0.40
4)
1) 2) 3)
2
2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2130 – 2230 45 5
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2080 – 2180 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 2030 – 2130 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1980 – 2080 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1980 – 2080 40 3
1)
2)
3)
2
4)
Yield point Cleanliness in steel
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.8 x tensile strength of the The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
wire. The proof stress will rise above 0.9 x tensile strength inspected for every heat of OTEVA® 90 SC in accordance
after stress relieving the springs. with the Suzuki Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-
method).
E and G modulus
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm For OTEVA® 90 SC PLUS an additional extended inspec-
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 tion method applies.
Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
Surface condition – non-destructive testing wire are the following;
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. area.
Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
the material structure. As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
15µm.
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
mm 0.5% x d. tion
Heat treatment
later in the valve spring manufacturing process, this tem-
perature may be decreased.
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVNi-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for surface nitriding
Hot presetting
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or (specially designed test spring) Diagrams 1 and 2:
laxation properties, the springs must be preset at an appro- Wire diameter Ø 3.85 mm
priate stress. Spring index 6
Delivery forms Stress relieving

Temperature 450 ±5 °C (840 ±10 °F)
See separate sheet. min. 420 °C (790 ±10 °F) for nitrid-
Soft shot peening ing
Time 30 minutes
Before the nitriding process a soft shot peening process
shall be applied in order to remove the oxide layer on the Soft shot peened
spring wire surface. Speed 20-30 m/s
Time 5 min
Nitriding Shot size 0.8 mm
Springs of OTEVA® 90 SC should be nitrided to obtain Nitriding Gas nitriding
optimum fatigue and relaxation properties. Our recommen- Temperature 450-470°C
dation is gas nitriding. Time 5-20 hours
Aim for surface hardness Min. 800 Hv
Shot peening Aim for core hardness Min. 560 Hv
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Compound (white) layer Max. 1 µm.
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size
Shot peening (triple shot
of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and peening for nitrided springs)
shot peening equipment. 1st treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
size 0.6 mm (hardness 800 Hv) for
For nitrided springs with an extremely hard surface zone, it 20 minutes.
is important to use a shot peening media with high hard- 2nd treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa with RCW shoot
ness. size 0.25 mm (hardness 800 Hv)
for 10 minutes.
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly 3rd treatment Pressure 0.2 MPa with fine shoot
critical. size (hardness 700 HV) for 10
minutes.
Relaxation and fatigue properties Aim for Almen arc-height 0.55 – 0.60 mm
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illus- 2
trated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test Hot presetting 1500 N/mm (nitrided springs)
2
spring design. Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of load) of Time 10 minutes
springs made from OTEVA® 90 SC wire subjected to static
compression at different temperatures, nitrided/not nitrided.
Garphyttan. Initial stress Nitrided
Tau (corr.)
Final stress Tau (corr.) 2 Not nitireded Time of test: 24 h
2 6
N/mm
N/mm Number of cycles: 25 x 10
2
Loss of load, %
Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties as nitrided/not nitrided. Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties, nitrided/not nitrided springs.
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVNi-alloyed high tensile valve spring wire
Only manufactured in USA and China
OTEVA 76 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch/transmission springs requiring high
fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at moderately increased working temperatures.
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Ni
% % % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.20 – 1.65 0.50 – 0.90 0.020 0.020 0.50 – 1.00 0.05 – 0.20 0.15 – 0.50
Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
2
2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 45 5

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45 5
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 3

1)
2)
3)
2
4)

wire. inspected for every heat of OTEVA 76 SC in accordance
E and G modulus method).
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 For OTEVA® 76 SC PLUS an additional extended inclusion
inspection applies.
Surface condition – non-destructive testing Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested wire are the following;
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. area.
Surface condition – End sample test Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization 15µm.
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
mm 0.5% x d. tion
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCrVNi-alloyed high tensile valve spring wire
Delivery forms
Please contact site: South Bend USA or Suzhou China.
Heat treatment (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be Wire diameter Ø 4.00 mm
stress relieved. Spring index 6
Shot peening
Stress relieving
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the pro- Temperature 420 ±5°C (790 ±10 °F)
cess time should be adjusted to get a complete treat- Time 30 minutes
ment. Size of shots should be adapted to wire dimen-
sion, pitch and shot peening equipment. Shot peening (double shot
peening)
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particu-
1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
larly critical. size of shots 0.8 mm
Hot presetting 2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10 minutes,
size of shots 0.8 mm
Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and grit (shot):
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an Aim for Almen arc-height Min 0.45 mm
appropriate stress. 2
Hot presetting 1300 N/mm
Relaxation and fatigue properties
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are (theoretically set)
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special Time 10 minutes
test spring design.
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of
load) of springs made from OTEVA 76 SC wire sub-
jected to static compression at different temperatures.
Garphyttan.
Initial stress Tau (corr.)

2
Final stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
2 Time of test: 24 h
6
Loss of load, %
2
Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed high tensile valve spring wire
OTEVA® 75 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch/ transmission springs with extreme-
ly high fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at moderately increased working temperatures.
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V
% % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.20 – 1.65 0.50 – 0.80 0.020 0.020 0.50 – 1.00 0.05 – 0.20
Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
2
1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2160 – 2260 45 5

>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 45 5
>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45 5
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 3
>6.00 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 35 -

1)
2)
3)
2
4)

wire. inspected for every heat of OTEVA® 75 SC in accordance
E and G modulus with the Suzuki Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-
2 method).
inspection applies.
Surface condition – non-destructive testing
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level wire are the following;
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
Surface condition – end sample test area.
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
the material structure. Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
and surface defects, 1 % x wire diameter. In shaved condi- As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 sions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
mm 0.5% x d. 15µm.
* IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
tion
June 2016
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.
Heat treatment
stress relieved. Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
(specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Shot peening
Wire diameter Ø 4.00 mm
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the pro-
Spring index 6
cess time should be adjusted to get a complete treat-
ment. Size of shots should be adapted to wire dimen- Stress relieving
sion, pitch and shot peening equipment. Temperature 420 ±5°C (790 ±10 °F)
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particu- Time 30 minutes
larly critical.
Shot peening (double shot
Hot presetting peening)
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or 1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and size of shots 0.8 mm
2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10 minutes,
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an size of shots 0.8 mm
appropriate stress. Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
Aim for Almen arc-height Min 0.45 mm
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are
2
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special Hot presetting 1300 N/mm
test spring design. (theoretically set)
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
load) of springs made from OTEVA® 75 SC wire sub- Time 10 minutes
Garphyttan.
Final stress Tau (corr.)

N/mm
2
6 Initial stress Tau (corr.)
Number of cycles: 25 x 10 N/mm
2
Time of test: 24 h
2
Loss of load, %
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed high carbon valve spring wire
OTEVA® 74 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch/ transmission springs requiring
extremely high fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at moderately increased working temperatures.
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr
% % % % % %
0.60 – 0.70 1.20 – 1.65 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.025 0.50 – 1.00
Physical properties
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area
2
mm ± mm N/mm min. %
2.00 0.020 2160 – 2260 40
>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 40
>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 40
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 40
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 35
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 35
>5.60 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 35

1)
2)
3)
2

E and G modulus
method).
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2
inspection applies.
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested wire are the following;
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
area.
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and Inclusion size, surface 5–10 > 10–15 >15 µm
the material structure. Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00
mm 0.5% x d. 15µm.
tion
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed high carbon valve spring wire
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.
Heat treatment
stress relieved. Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
(specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Shot peening
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the pro-
Spring index 6
cess time should be adjusted to get a complete treat-
ment. Size of shots should be adapted to wire dimen- Stress relieving
sion, pitch and shot peening equipment. Temperature 420 ±5°C (790 ±10 °F)
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particu- Time 30 minutes
larly critical.
Shot peening (double shot
Hot presetting peening)
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or 1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and size of shots 0.8 mm
2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10 minutes,
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an size of shots 0.8 mm
appropriate stress. Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are
2
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special Hot presetting 1300 N/mm
test spring design.
(theoretically set)
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
load) of springs made from OTEVA® 74 SC wire sub- Time 10 minutes
Garphyttan.
Final stress Tau (corr.)

N/mm
2
6
Number of cycles: 25 x 10 N/mm
2
Time of test: 24 h
2
Loss of load, %
June 2016
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed valve spring wire
OTEVA® 70 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch/ transmission springs with extremely high fatigue
properties and good relaxation properties at moderately increased working temperature.
The wire is manufactured in shaved or unshaved condition (Ø 6.50 – 14.00 mm in unshaved condition subcontracted) in sizes from Ø 0.50
mm to 6.50 mm, or in egg or elliptical shape corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.50 mm. Other wire sizes on request.
OTEVA® 70 SC PLUS is intended for manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring extremely high fatigue properties and good
relaxation properties at increased working temperatures.
C Si Mn P max S max Cr
% % % % % %
0.50 – 0.60 1.20 – 1.60 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.020 0.50 – 0.80
4)
1) 2) 3)
2
0.50 – 0.80 0.010 2080 – 2210 – 6
>0.80 – 1.30 0.015 2080 – 2210 50 5
>1.30 – 1.40 0.015 2080 – 2210 50 5
>1.40 – 1.60 0.020 2080 – 2210 50 5
>1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2010 – 2160 50 5
>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 1960 – 2060 50 5
>2.50 – 3.00 0.020 1910 – 2010 50 4
>3.00 – 3.20 0.020 1910 – 2010 45 4
>3.20 – 3.50 0.025 1910 – 2010 45 4
>3.50 – 4.50 0.025 1860 – 1960 45 4
>4.50 – 5.00 0.025 1810 – 1910 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1810 – 1910 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1760 – 1860 40 3
>6.00 – 6.50 0.035 1760 – 1860 40 –
1)
2)
3)
2
coil does not vary more than 50 N/Mm .
4)
E and G modulus with the Suzuki Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-
2 method).
2
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm For OTEVA® 70 SC PLUS an additional extended inclusion
Surface condition – non-destructive testing inspection applies.
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level wire are the following; For wire rod samples: Inclusion size
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. max. 15 µm in surface area.
Surface condition – end sample test Inclusion size, surface 5–10 >10–15 >15 µm
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch test-
Max. number of incl. 50 7 0
ing and binocular inspection as well as microscopical
inspection of the material structure.
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
and surface defects, 1 % x wire diameter. In shaved condi- sions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 15µm.
mm 0.5% x d. * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Associa-
tion
June 2016
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.
Heat treatment
stress relieved.
Shot peening Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the pro- (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
cess time should be adjusted to get a complete treat- Wire diameter Ø 4,00 mm
ment. Size of shots should be adapted to wire dimen- Spring index 6
sion, pitch and shot peening equipment.
Stress relieving
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particu- Temperature 420 ±5°C (790 ±10 °F)
larly critical. Time 30 minutes
Hot presetting Shot peening Speed 48 m/sec. for 20 minutes,

After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or size of shots 0.8 mm
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an Aim for Almen arc-height Min. 0.40-0.45 mm
appropriate stress.
2
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are (theoretically set)
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special
Time 10 minutes
test spring design.
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of load)
of springs made from OTEVA® 70 SC wire subjected to
static compression at different temperatures.
Garphyttan.

2
N/mm
Final stress Tau (corr.) 6 Time of test: 24 h
N/mm
2 Number of cycles: 25 x 10
2 Loss of load, %
June 2016
SWOSC-VHV
Only manufactured in China
SWOSC-VHV is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring
high fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at moderately increased working temperatures.
The wire is manufactured in shaved condition in sizes from Ø 1.60 mm to 6.50 mm, or in egg or elliptical shape (correspond-
ing to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.50 mm). Other wire sizes on request.
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V
% % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.20 – 1.65 0.50 – 0.80 0.020 0.020 0.50 – 1.00 0.05 – 0.20
Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
mm ± mm N/mm2 min. % min. revs.
1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 45 5
>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45 5
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 3
>6.00 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 35 –

1)
2)
3)
2
4)

wire. inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
E and G modulus
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2 Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
2
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm wire are the following;
Surface condition – non-destructive testing For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm in surface
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested area.
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level of
> 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. Inclusion size, surface 5–10 >10–15 >15 µm
Surface condition – end sample test Max. number of incl. 50 7 0

The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional inclu-
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of sions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than 15µm.
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization tion
mm 0.5% x d.
August 2014
SWOSC-VHV

Delivery forms (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
See separate sheet.
Heat treatment Spring index 6
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be Stress relieving
stress relieved. Temperature 420 ±5°C (790 ±10 °F)
Shot peening Time 30 minutes
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Shot peening (double
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of shot peening)
shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot 1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20
peening equipment. minutes,
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly size of shots 0.8 mm
critical. 2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10
minutes,
Hot presetting size of shots 0.8 mm
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and relax-
ation properties, the springs must be preset at an appropri-
2
ate stress. Hot presetting 1300 N/mm
Relaxation and fatigue properties (theoretically set)

In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illustrat- Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
ed in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test spring Time 10 minutes
design.
springs made from SWOSC-VHV wire subjected to static
compression at different temperatures.
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki Garp-
hyttan.

2
Final stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
2
6
Time of test: 24 h
Loss of load, %
2
August 2014
SWOSC-V
Only manufactured in China
SWOSC-V is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring high
fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at moderately increased working temperature.
The wire is manufactured in shaved condition in sizes from Ø 1.60 mm to 6.50 mm, or in egg or elliptical shape (correspond-
ing to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.50 mm). Other wire sizes on request.
% % % % % %
0.50 – 0.60 1.20 – 1.60 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.020 0.50 – 0.80
Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
mm ± mm N/mm2 min. % min. revs.
1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2010 – 2160 50 5

>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 1960 – 2060 50 5
>2.50 – 3.00 0.020 1910 – 2010 50 4
>3.00 – 3.20 0.020 1910 – 2010 45 4
>3.20 – 3.50 0.025 1910 – 2010 45 4
>3.50 – 4.50 0.025 1860 – 1960 45 4
>4.50 – 5.00 0.025 1810 – 1910 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1810 – 1910 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1760 – 1860 40 3
>6.00 – 6.50 0.035 1760 – 1860 40 –
1)
2)
3)
2
4)
Yield point
mm 0.5% x d.
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the
wire. Cleanliness in steel
The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
E and G modulus inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2
Surface condition – Non-destructive testing wire are the following;
area.
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request.
Surface condition – end sample test Inclusion size, surface 5–10 >10–15 >15 µm
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and Max. number of incl. 50 7 0
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization 15µm.
tion
August 2014
SWOSC-V

Delivery forms (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Please contact site: Suzhou China
Wire diameter Ø 4,00 mm
Heat treatment Spring index 6
Stress relieving
stress relieved. Temperature 420 ±5°C (790 ±10 °F)
Shot peening Time 30 minutes
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Shot peening Speed 48 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size size of shots 0.8 mm
of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
shot peening equipment.
Aim for Almen arc-height Min. 0.40-0.45 mm
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly 2
critical. (theoretically set)
Hot presetting Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)
Time 10 minutes
laxation properties, the springs must be preset at an appro-
priate stress.
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illus-
trated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test
spring design.
springs made from SWOSC-V wire subjected to static com-
pression at different temperatures.
Garphyttan.
Final stress Tau (corr.) Initial stress Tau (corr.)

2 2
N/mm N/mm
6
Number of cycles: 25 x 10 Time of test: 24 h
2
Loss of load, %
August 2014
75 KD / 75 KD S
Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed clutch and transmission spring wire
75 KD is especially intended for the manufacture of clutch and transmission springs and similar moderately high fatigue
stressed springs.
75 KD S is a shaved version of 75 KD intended for applications with higher surface requirements.
The material has good relaxation properties. The wire is manufactured in sizes from Ø 1.60 to 7.00 mm. Other wire sizes on
request.
C Si Mn P max S max Cr V
% % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.20 – 1.65 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.020 0.50 – 1.00 0,05 – 0.20
4)
1) 2) 3)
2
1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2160 – 2310 45 5
>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 45 5
>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45 4
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45 4
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40 4
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 3
>6.00 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 –
>6.50 – 7.00 0.035 1860 – 2010 40 –
1)
2)
3)
2
4)
Cleanliness in steel – non-metallic inclusions
Yield point Max. level 2 according to DIN 50602-M.
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the Corresponding standard: ASTM E-45-A.
wire. Heat treatment
E and G modulus As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2 stress relieved.
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 Shot peening
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of
shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot
continuously in Eddy Current equipment; for 75 KD a level of
peening equipment. Shot peening of the inside of the spring
60 microns and for 75 KD S of 40 microns.
coils is particularly critical.
Hot presetting
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and relax-
the material structure. ation properties, the springs must be preset at an appropri-
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization ate stress.
and surface defects, 1.3% x wire diameter. No complete Delivery forms
decarburization allowed. See separate sheet.
June 2016
70 KD / 70 KD S
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed clutch and transmission spring wire
70 KD is especially intended for the manufacture of clutch and transmission springs and similar moderately high fatigue
stressed springs.
70 KD S is a shaved version of 70 KD intended for applications with higher surface requirements.
The material has good relaxation properties. The wire is manufactured in sizes from Ø 0.50 to 7.00 mm. Other wire sizes on
request.
% % % % % %
0.50 – 0.60 1.20 – 1.60 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.020 0.50 – 0.80
4)
1) 2) 3)
2
0.50 – 0.80 0.010 2080 – 2210 – 6
>0.80 – 1.30 0.015 2080 – 2210 50 5
>1.30 – 1.40 0.015 2080 – 2210 50 5
>1.40 – 1.60 0.020 2080 – 2210 50 5
>1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2010 – 2160 50 5
>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 1960 – 2060 50 5
>2.50 – 3.00 0.020 1910 – 2010 50 4
>3.00 – 3.20 0.020 1910 – 2010 45 4
>3.20 – 3.50 0.025 1910 – 2010 45 4
>3.50 – 4.50 0.025 1860 – 1960 45 4
>4.50 – 5.00 0.025 1810 – 1910 45 3
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1810 – 1910 40 3
>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1760 – 1860 40 3
>6.00 – 7.00 0.035 1760 – 1860 40 –
1)
2)
3)
2
4)
Yield point Cleanliness in steel – non-metallic inclusions
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the Max. level 2 according to DIN 50602-M.
wire. Corresponding standard: ASTM E-45-A.
E and G modulus Heat treatment
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 stress relieved.
Surface condition – non-destructive testing Shot peening
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process
continuously in Eddy Current equipment ; for 70 KD a level time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of
of 60 microns and for 70 KD S of 40 microns. shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot
Surface condition – end sample test coils is particularly critical.
Hot presetting
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization laxation properties, the springs must be preset at an appro-
and surface defects, 1.3% x wire diameter. No complete priate stress.
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.
June 2016
STATO 75
Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed spring wire
STATO 75 is especially intended for the manufacture of springs exposed to static or moderately high fatigue stresses. The
material has good relaxation properties.
The wire is manufactured in sizes from Ø 2.00 mm to 7.00 mm. Other wire sizes on request.
C Si Mn P max S max Cr V
% % % % % % %
0.50 – 0.70 1.20 – 1.65 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.025 0.50 – 1.00 0.05 – 0.20
Physical properties
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct of area
2
2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 45
>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45
>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45
>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45
>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40
>5.60 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 40
>6.50 – 7.00 0.035 1860 – 2010 40
1)
2)
3)
2
Yield point Cleanliness in steel, non-metallic inclusions

The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the Max. level 2 according to DIN 50602-M.
wire. Corresponding standard: ASTM E-45-A.
E and G modulus
Heat treatment
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
stress relieved.
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2.
Shot peening
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of
shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization coils is particularly critical.
and surface defects, 1.5% x wire diameter. No complete
Hot presetting
priate stress.
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.
August 2014
STATO 70
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed spring wire
STATO 70 is especially intended for the manufacture of springs exposed to static or moderately high fatigue stresses. The
material has good relaxation properties.
The wire is manufactured in sizes from Ø 0.50 mm to 7.00 mm. Other wire sizes on request.
% % % % % %
0.50 – 0.60 1.20 – 1.60 0.50 – 0.80 0.025 0.025 0.50 – 0.80
Physical properties
2)
Size range Tolerance1) Tensile strength Reduct of area
2
0.50 – 0.80 0.010 2100 – 2300 –
>0.80 – 1.00 0.015 2100 – 2300 50
>1.00 – 1.40 0.020 2060 – 2260 50
>1.40 – 1.60 0.020 2040 – 2220 50
>1.60 – 2.00 0.025 2000 – 2180 50
>2.00 – 2.50 0.025 1970 – 2140 50
>2.50 – 2.70 0.025 1950 – 2120 50
>2.70 – 3.00 0.030 1910 – 2100 50
>3.00 – 3.50 0.030 1900 – 2060 45
>3.50 – 4.00 0.030 1870 – 2030 45
>4.00 – 4.50 0.035 1860 – 2020 45
>4.50 – 5.00 0.035 1830 – 1980 45
>5.00 – 5.60 0.035 1800 – 1950 40
>5.60 – 6.50 0.040 1780 – 1930 40
>6.50 – 7.00 0.040 1740 – 1890 35
1)
2)
3)
2
Heat treatment
Yield point As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the stress relieved.
wire.
Shot peening
E and G modulus In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2. of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and
shot peening equipment. Shot peening of the inside of the
Surface condition – end sample test spring coils is particularly critical.
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of Hot presetting
the material structure. After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
and surface defects, 1.5% x wire diameter. No complete
priate stress.
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.
Cleanliness in steel, non-metallic inclusions
Max. level 2 according to DIN 50602-M.
Corresponding standard: ASTM E-45-A.
August 2014
Addresses
Production Sites
USA
Sweden
Suzuki Garphyttan Corp.
Suzuki Garphyttan AB
4404 Nimtz Parkway
(Bruksvägen 3)
South Bend, IN 46628
SE-719 80 Garphyttan
USA
Sweden
Tel +1 574 232 8800
Tel +46 (0)19 295 100
Fax +1 574 232 2565
Fax +46 (0)19 295 101
Email info.us@sg-wire.com
Email info.se@sg-wire.com
www.suzuki-garphyttan.com Mexico
USA Suzuki Garphyttan, S.A. de C.V.
Suzuki Garphyttan Corp. Av. Santa Fe No. 3
4404 Nimtz Parkway Parque Industrial Opción
South Bend, IN 46628 Carretera Federal No. 57 (Qro – SLP) Km 57.8
USA San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, C.P. 37980
Tel +1 574 232 8800 Mexico
Fax +1 574 232 2565 Tel +52 (442) 153 5560 / +1 630 981 1212
Email info.us@sg-wire.com Email info.mx@sg-wire.com
China
Suzuki Garphyttan Wire (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. Sales Representatives/Distributors/Re-sellers
Building B, No 6 Longpu Road
Brazil
SIP, Suzhou 215126
UBRASTEEL TRADING LTDA
P.R. China
Rua Vieira de Morais, 420 - conj 92 - Campo Belo
Tel +86 512 8885 5361
BR - CEP 04617-000 - Sao Paulo - SP
Fax +86 512 8885 5366
Brazil
Email info.cn@sg-wire.com
Tel +55 11 5536 9540
Fax +55 11 5093 1131
Mexico
Email info@ubrasteel.com.br, vendas@ubrasteel.com.br,
Suzuki Garphyttan, S.A. de C.V.
ole.bergh@ubrasteel.com.br
Av. Santa Fe No. 3
Parque Industrial Opción Great Britain
Carretera Federal No. 57 (Qro – SLP) Km 57.8 STRIDE SUPPLIES LTD
San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, C.P. 37980 Unit 7, Lakeside Industrial Estate
Mexico Broad Ground Road
Tel +52 (442) 153 5560 / +1 630 981 1212 GB-B98 8YP Redditch, Worcs.
Email info.mx@sg-wire.com England
Tel +44 01527 500170
Fax +44 01527 505652
Sales Offices Email info@stride-supplies.co.uk
Sweden Korea
Suzuki Garphyttan AB JOIL STEEL Co
(Bruksvägen 3) #919, AceHitechcity2
SE-719 80 Garphyttan Seonyu-ro 13-gil 25
Sweden Yeongdeungpo-gu
Tel +46 (0)19 295 100 Seoul
Fax +46 (0)19 295 101 Korea
Email info.se@sg-wire.com Tel +82-2-761-2028
www.suzuki-garphyttan.com Fax +82-2-761-2029
Email joilsteel@kita.net
China
Suzuki Garphyttan Wire (Suzhou) Co. Ltd.
Building B, No 6 Longpu Road
SIP, Suzhou 215126
P.R. China
Tel +86 512 8885 5361
Fax +86 512 8885 5366
Email info.cn@sg-wire.com
Germany
Suzuki Garphyttan GmbH
Postfach 102541
DE-40016 Düsseldorf
Germany
Tel +49 (0)211/92304-0
Fax +49 (0)211/92304-40
Email info.se@sg-wire.com
www.suzuki-garphyttan.de
May 2017

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TECHNICAL PRODUCT INFORMATION

Spring wire for applications with

Chemical composition, approximate values in %

Nearest equivalent standards

Our grades EN 10270-2 SIS ASTM B.S. JIS

Steel grade designations

OTEVA® 101 SC RD40 S

0.50 – 1.00 Plastic spool S4610 314 460 40

1.10 – 2.50 Coils/Carrier No 1 RU0004 450 700 225

2.00 – 3.00 Coils/Carrier No 3 RM0006 720 1 200 225

2.00 – 4.00 Coils/Wooden Box RM0021 720 1 200 225

2.00 – 3.00 Coils/Carrier No 4 RU0011 1 070 1 500 900

> 3.00 – 6.50 Coils/Carrier No 5 RU0012 1 070 1 500 1 800

> 6.50 – 14.00 Coils** 1 350 1 650 500

Standard packing alternatives (others can be delivered on special request):

Plastic S4610 460 105 319 91 305 1.8 40

Metal S6520 695 314 400 270 33 26 275

2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2100 – 2200 40 2

Nitriding Stress relieving

2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

Cleanliness in steel Hot presetting

2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

Delivery forms Wire diameter Ø 3.85 mm

Soft shot peening Stress relieving

2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

Delivery forms Stress relieving

2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 45 5

>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4

>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45 3

>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40 3

>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 3

Yield point Cleanliness in steel

Initial stress Tau (corr.)

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2160 – 2260 45 5

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45 5

>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4

>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 45 3

>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 40 3

>5.60 – 6.00 0.035 1910 – 2010 40 3

>6.00 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 35 -

Yield point Cleanliness in steel

Final stress Tau (corr.)

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

>2.00 – 2.50 0.020 2110 – 2210 40

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 40

>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 40

>4.00 – 5.00 0.025 1960 – 2060 35

>5.00 – 5.60 0.030 1910 – 2010 35

>5.60 – 6.50 0.035 1910 – 2010 35

Yield point Cleanliness in steel

Final stress Tau (corr.)

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

Hot presetting Shot peening Speed 48 m/sec. for 20 minutes,

Initial stress Tau (corr.)

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

1.60 – 2.00 0.020 2180 – 2280 45 5

>2.50 – 3.20 0.020 2060 – 2160 45 5

>3.20 – 4.00 0.025 2010 – 2110 45 4