Test 1 Food Packaging Answer Scheme

SEPTEMBER 2015 CONFIDENTIAL
SECTION A
INSTRUCTION: Answer all the questions by circle the correct answer. (10 marks)
1. Listed below are primary packaging except _________

a) Mackerel in aluminium tin
b) Strawberry in corrugate box
c) Chocolate in plastic tube
d) Orange juice in bottle
2. Listed below are the advantages of glass as packaging materials except ________.
a) Most inert of the packaging materials
b) Provide a total barrier to gases, water vapour and aromas
c) Light barrier
d) Microwaveable
3. Vacuum metallising of plastic films improve the following properties except ________.
a) Tensile and tear strength
b) Barrier to Carbon dioxide
c) Light barrier
d) Barrier to Oxygen
4. Vacuum packaging is mainly applied to hard and semi hard types of cheese, for both
industrial and consumer units, and its effect in storage-life extension is due mainly to
a) Limitation of oxidation of fatty substances
b) Avoid the swelling of products
c) Slowing down of fungal growth
d) Elimination of surface drying
5. The shrink bags are normally used for vacuum packaging of industrial unit of these products
except
a) Fresh meat
b) Processed meat
c) cheese
d) Milk
CFD 20103 1
SECTION B
INSTRUCTION: Answer all the questions.
Question 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. (10 marks)
In today’s society, packaging is pervasive and essential. It surrounds, enhances and

protects the goods we buy, from processing and manufacturing, through handling and
storage, to the final consumer. Without packaging, materials handling would be a messy,
inefficient and costly exercise and modern consumer marketing would be virtually impossible.
It is important to distinguish between the words “package,” “packaging” and “packing.”
The package is the physical entity that contains the product. Packaging was defined in the
previous paragraphs and, in addition, it is also a discipline as in “Packaging Technologist.”
The verb “packing” can be defined as the enclosing of an individual item (or several items)
in a package or container.
A distinction is usually made between the various “levels” of packaging. A primary
package is one that is in direct contact with the contained product. It provides the initial,
and usually the major, protective barrier. Examples of primary packages include metal cans,
paperboard cartons, glass bottles and plastic pouches. It is frequently only the primary
package that the consumer purchases at retail outlets.
A secondary package, for example, a corrugated case or box, contains a number of
primary packages. It is the physical distribution carrier and is increasingly designed so that it
can be used in retail outlets for the display of primary packages, in which case it is referred to
as shelf ready. A tertiary package is made up of a number of secondary packages, with the
most common example being a stretch-wrapped pallet of corrugated cases. In interstate and
international trade, a quaternary package is frequently used to facilitate the handling of tertiary
packages. This is generally a metal container up to 40m in length that can hold many pallets
and is intermodal in nature, that is, it can be transferred to or from ships, trains and flatbed
trucks by giant cranes. Certain containers are also able to have their temperature, humidity
and gas atmosphere controlled; this is necessary in particular situations such as the
transportation of frozen foods, chilled meats and fresh fruits and vegetables.
CFD 20103 2
Question 2: Match with the correct answer. (10 marks)
Chemical structure Name
Polystyrene (PS)
Polyvinylidene Chloride
(PVDC)
Polyethylene (PE)
Polypropelene
Polyvynylchloride (PVC)
CFD 20103 3
Question 4
(a) List TWO (2) advantages and disadvantages for paper containers. (4 marks)
Advantage- Barrier to light, Renewable resource, Recyclable, Biodegradation, Versatile-rigid,
semi-rigid, flexible, Mechanical protection, Logistic functions
Disadvantage- Negligible resistance to water vapour, aromas and gas, Not heat sealable, Not
recyclable when coated or laminated
(b) List TWO (2) advantages and disadvantages for metal containers. (4marks)
(c) List TWO (2) advantages and disadvantages for glass containers. (4 marks)
CFD 20103 4
Question 5
(a) State FOUR (4) metals that are commonly used for packaging of foods. (4 marks)
-Steel, aluminium, tin and chromium
(b) Describe the history of metal packaging of foods. (4 marks)

Sometime in about the middle of the eighteenth century, the Dutch navy began to use
foods preserved by packing them in fat in tinned iron canisters (Thorne, 1986). After
cooking and while still hot, the material to be preserved was placed into the canister,
covered with hot fat and the lid immediately soldered on.
The French confectioner Nicolas Appert discovered a method of “conserving all kinds
of food substances in containers,” and, in 1804, produced preserved meat for the
French navy by packing it in glass champagne bottles, sealing them with a cork held
in place with wire and heating in boiling water for several hours (Garcia and Adrian,
2009).
CFD 20103 5

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SEPTEMBER 2015 CONFIDENTIAL

1. Listed below are primary packaging except _________

In today’s society, packaging is pervasive and essential. It surrounds, enhances and

Question 2: Match with the correct answer. (10 marks)

Chemical structure Name

(b) Describe the history of metal packaging of foods. (4 marks)

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