ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [1]

Grade 9
Linear Equations in Two Variables
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Answer the questions

(1) Find the linear equation represented in the graph below

(2) A line passe through points (4, 10) and (-1, -5). Find the y-intercept of the line.
(3) The positive solutions of the equation px + qy + r = 0 always lie in which quadrant?

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [2]
(4) Find the value of g.

(5) Find the point where linear equation 7x + 6y = 7 intersects with x-axis.
(6) The Autorickshaw fare in Ottawa is $ 26 for the first kilometer and $ 18 per kilometer for subsequent
distance covered. If distance is represented as x, and fare is represented as y, find the linear equation
for this relationship.
(7) A telecom operator charges $ 0.8 for the first minute and $ 0.5 per minute for subsequent minutes of a
call. If duration of call is represented as d, and amount charged is represented as c, find the linear
equation for this relationship.

Choose correct answer(s) from the given choices

(8) Equation 4x + 5y = 9 has:

a. No solution b. A unique solution
c. Infinitely many solutions d. Two solutions

(9) The graph of equation for the line x = a is a line

a. making an intercept a on both the axes
b. parallel to y-axis at a distance a units from the origin
c. making an intercept a on the y-axis
d. parallel to x-axis at a distance a units from the origin

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [3]
(10) If both sides of a equation are multiplied by a non-zero number, then solution of the equation
a. Will also be multiplied by same number b. Changes
c. May or may not change depending on the d. Remains the same
equation

(11) If graph of the equation y = mx + c passes through the origin, what is the value of c.
a. 2 b. 1
c. 0 d. -1

(12) If x + y = 8 then which of the following values of x and y will hold true?
a. x = 2, y = 6 b. x = 6, y = 3
c. x = 3, y = 6 d. x = 2, y = 9

(13) A point of the form (0, b) lies on the line

a. y = 0 b. x = y
c. x + y = 0 d. x = 0

(14) A point on line x + y = 0 is of the form

a. (0, b) b. (b, b)
c. (b, -b) d. (b, 0)

(15) Equation 2x + 1y = 3 has a unique solution if x and y are

a. Real Numbers b. Rational Numbers
c. Natural Numbers d. Positive Real Numbers

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [4]

Answers
(1) y = -x - 2

The general equation of a line is y=mx+c

So we have to find m and c
To find c, note from the equation that c is the value of y when x=0 (i.e. the equation becomes
y=m*0 + c, or y=c).
Look at the graph to see if this is a vertical line. If it is not (we'll see the case where it is later in this
tip), then what the value of y is when the equation crosses the vertical axis
We see that the value of y at this point is -2. So c=-2
The next part is finding m
The best way to consider m is to think of it as the slope of the line.
Think of it as the change in y for a given change in x.
Consider the two equations,
y1 = mx 1 + c, and
y2 = mx 2 + c
Now we subtract the first equation from the second
We get y1 - y 2 = mx 1 + c - (mx2 + c)
Simplifying,
(y1 - y 2) = m(x1 - x 2)
or m = (y 1 - y 2)/(x1 - x 2)
Now, substitute the two points seen in the graph.
m = (-3 - (0))/(1 - (-2))
Also, note that this is the reason why we don't apply this when the line is vertical, because the
denominator would be 0, and the equation is meaningless
This is solved to get the value of m, and get the answer m=-1

Now, if the line is a vertical one, then you can solve it by inspection.

So the answer is y= -x - 2.

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [5]
(2) -2

Step 1
Equation of line y = m x + c

Step 2
Substitute first point in the equation
10 = 4 m + c
m = (10 - c)/4 ________________(1)

Step 3
Substitute second point in the equation
-5 = -1 m + c
m = (-5 - c)/-1 ________________(2)

Step 4
On equating value of m from both equations,
(10 - c)/4 = (-5 - c)/-1
-10 + 1c = -20 - 4c
5 c = -10
c = -2

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [6]
(3) First quadrant

Step 1
It is given that the solution of the equation is positive, it means the values of the x and y is positive.
Therefore, x>0 and y>0

Step 2
Since we know that if the values of x and y in the first quadrant is positive, i.e. greater than 0 and
hence we can say that the positive solutions of the equation px + qy + r = 0 always lie in first
quadrant as shown below.

(4) f/e

Step 1
Equation of line y = mx + c
Since it goes through center, c is 0, hence equation is y = m x

Step 2
For first point x = f and y = gf, hence
gf = m f
m = g _____________(1)

Step 3
For second point x = e and y = f, hence
f=me
m = f/e _____________(1)

Step 4
On comparing two equations, g = f/e

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [7]
(5) (1, 0)

We are told to find the point where the equation intersects with the x axis.
Now, at that point the value of y will be zero.
So we need to substitute y=0 into the equation.
From there, we can then solve to find the value of x to be 1. So the point is (1,0)

(6) y = 18x + 8

Step 1
We are given the following facts
- The fare for the first kilometer is $ 26
- The fare per kilometer after that is $ 18

Step 2
We can see that the fare will be dependent on the distance
So we set y on the left hand side
y = Some linear function of x

Step 3
We know that after the first kilometer, the rate is $ 18 per kilometer.
So if we travel x kilometers, we will get charged $ 26 for the first kilometer, and $ 18 for x - 1
kilometers.

Step 4
This means the equation is y = 26 + ((x - 1) x 18)

Step 5
Simplifying, we get y = 18x + 8

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [8]
(7) c = 0.5d + 0.3

Step 1
We are given the following facts
- The charge for the first minute is is $ 0.8
- The charge per minute after that is $ 0.5

Step 2
We can see that the charge will be dependent on the time spent in minutes
So we set c on the left hand side
c = Some linear function of d

Step 3
We know that after the first minute, the rate is $ 0.5 per minute.
So if the call lasts for d minutes, there will be a charge $ 0.8 for the first minute, and $ 0.5 for d - 1
minutes.

Step 4
This means the equation is c = 0.8 + ((d - 1) x 0.5)

Step 5
Simplifying, we get c = 0.5d + 0.3

(8) c. Infinitely many solutions

Step 1
For linear equations in two variables, we need at least two equations to find a unique solution for
the pair.

Step 2
A single linear equation can assume infinitely many values of the variables, which is the case with
the question. The equation will have infinitely many solutions.

(9) b. parallel to y-axis at a distance a units from the origin

If the equation for the line is x = a, this implies that the value of x is always a irrespective of the
value of y.
What this means is that this line is parallel to y-axis at a distance a units from the origin.

(10) d. Remains the same

Think of this in simple terms.

If two values (let it be anything - weights, lengths, coins, equations etc.) are equal, and you add or
remove some amount from both of them, the resulting values will also be equal.
That is the principle here, and the answer is that the solution to the equation will remain the same.

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [9]
(11) c. 0

Step 1
For a line to pass through point (0,0), it's equation need to satisfy for x = 0 and y = 0

Step 2
Lets substitute these values of x and y in the equation and check,
y = mx + c
⇒ 0 = m×0 + c
⇒c=0

Step 3
Therefore, the graph of the equation y = mx + c will pass through the origin if value of c is 0

(12) a. x = 2, y = 6

Step 1
Here, we are given an equation with 2 variables, i.e., x + y = 8.
It is not possible to find the value of x and y from the given equation, as we require 2 equations to
find the value of 2 variables.

Step 2
However, we can substitute the values of x and y given in the options to check the correctness of
the equations. Among the given options, we can see that only x = 2, y = 6 satisfies the equation.
 x + y = 8
⇒2+6=8
⇒8=8

Step 3
Hence, option a is the correct answer.

(13) d. x = 0

There are of course, infinite lines that can pass through a given point, but we have to choose from
the four possibilities presented. The point specified is ((0, b)). Out of the four options the only one it
actually can match is x = 0

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 ID : ca-9-Linear-Equations-in-Two-Variables [10]
(14) c. (b, -b)

Try and trace the line x + y = 0 it the graph shown here

You can see that any point on the line defined by the equation x + y = 0 will always have the value
of x to be the negative of the value of y.
Therefore a point on the line will have the form of (b, -b)

(15) c. Natural Numbers

A general equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions if there is no restriction placed on
the values of the two variables (x and y here). However, it may have a unique solution if certain
constraints are placed on it. Here we can see by observation that if x and y are constrained to be
natural numbers, then it has a solution for x=y=1, and this is the only possible solution for natural
numbers.

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