Chapter 3 - Building Structural System

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ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING
CENG 3103
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Instructor – Abraham Assefa (Eng.) Nov. 2009
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
Course Outline
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1. Introduction 5. Building Construction Elements

Foundation and Basement
2. Building Drawings Floors
3. Building Structural Systems Exterior and Interior Closures:
Reinforced Concrete Structures Walls
Stairs
Steel Framed Structures
Elevators
Prefabricated Building Doors and Windows
Systems Roofs
Shell and Dome Structures Finishing
4. Planning of Buildings Damp – Prevention
Fire Places
5. Building Construction Formwork and Scaffolding
Elements Sanitary Systems
6. Health and Safety in Fire and Life Protection
Building Construction Mechanical Systems
Electrical Systems
Chapter 3 – Building Structural Systems
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Presentation Outline
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
3.4 Wood Structures
3.5 Masonry Structures
3.6 Prefabricated Building Systems
3.6 Shell and Dome Structures

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5
3.1 Introduction
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Building Structural Systems – greatly depend on materials and

the expected force systems.
Based on force systems structural elements can be classified into:
Foundation – Footing, Pile
Column –
Beam –
Truss –
Arch –
Dome, Shell –
Plate –
Membrane -
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3.1 Introduction
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3.1 Introduction
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3.1 Introduction
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Structural
load
transformat
ion has
become
more and
more
complex
3.1 Introduction
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Beams
3.1 Introduction
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TRUSS
3.1 Introduction
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TRUSS
3.1 Introduction
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ARCH
3.1 Introduction
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VAULT
3.1 Introduction
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DOME
3.1 Introduction
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SHELL
3.1 Introduction
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Structure: Guiding Principles of Analysis and Design

Lightness
Maximum Lightness achieved by minimum use of materials.
Maximum Diversity/Minimum Inventory
Element design.
Construction Logic
Awareness and optimization of the construction sequence.
Economy
Constraints are good
3.1 Introduction
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Lightness
Maximum
Diversity/Minimum
Inventory – Element and
Joint Design
3.1 Introduction
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Common Structural Materials – RC, STEEL, WOOD, PREFAB, SHELL

AND DOME
New Possibilities
Materials - Composites
Glass
FOUR SYSTEM
Carbon Fiber
INTEGRATION
Cellulose
Panels: e.g. stress skin
Processes
Concrete
Tilt-Up Slab
Rapid Curing
3.1 Introduction
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Common Structural Materials – CONCRETE (PLAIN AND RC), STEEL,

WOOD, MASONRY
New Possibilities
Materials - Composites
Glass
Carbon Fiber
Cellulose
Panels: e.g. stress skin
Processes
Concrete
Tilt-Up Slab
Rapid Curing
3.1 Introduction
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3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Reinforced Concrete - Ethiopia

Concrete Issues
Strength in Tension
Strength in Compression
Ductility
CO2 generation
Durability
Quality Control
Concrete Advantageous
Form Requirements
Availability of Materials
Construction Expertise requirement
Developments – SCC, Ductile Concrete, Composite Concrete
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Class of elements distinguished from other

Metals are materials by:
commonly used Ductility
in building Malleability
structures Hardness
Primary Conductivity
Architectural Ability to form alloys
Metals Qualities of appearance
Steel STEEL STRUCTURES
Stainless steel Material Properties and Applications of various steels

Three types
Aluminum
1.Carbon steels
Copper 2.High-strength low-alloy steels
Zinc 3.Alloy steels
Lead composites
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3.4 Wood Structures
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The use of wood extends back in time longer than any other
material.
In fact, wood represents both the original material of building
as well as the earliest source of energy.
Once abundant it is now, for the most part a managed
resource.
But is mostly underused
Structural Morphology
i. Solid Load Bearing Wall
ii. Timber Frame
iii. Balloon and Platform Framing
iv. Stress-Skin Systems Structural Types
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3.5 Masonry Structures
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Must act in compression (no

resistance to tension)
Very high compressive
strength
Design is a problem of form
Stability and not strength limits
masonry
Thrust line: line of forces acting
within a
masonry structure to ensure
that
compression is maintained

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1

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY

1. Introduction 5. Building Construction Elements

3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures

3.3 Steel Framed Structures

3.4 Wood Structures

3.5 Masonry Structures

3.6 Prefabricated Building Systems

3.6 Shell and Dome Structures

Building Structural Systems – greatly depend on materials and

Structure: Guiding Principles of Analysis and Design

Common Structural Materials – RC, STEEL, WOOD, PREFAB, SHELL

Common Structural Materials – CONCRETE (PLAIN AND RC), STEEL,

Reinforced Concrete - Ethiopia

Class of elements distinguished from other

Steel STEEL STRUCTURES

Stainless steel Material Properties and Applications of various steels

Must act in compression (no

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