Faculty of Engineering and Basic Sciences

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND BASIC SCIENCES
NEUMATICS AND OLEODINAMICS

PRESENTED BY: DANIEL FELIPE ARDILA GUERRERO
INDUSTRY 4.0
The industrial revolutions have marked an important milestone in the development of
societies and technological advances have become the indispensable tool of progress. The
"Fourth Industrial Revolution" is questioning not only the way of seeing the world from a
digital environment, but also the labor and industrial spheres. Know what this new Industrial
Revolution consists of, what are the new technologies that are driving it and, finally, what
will be the implications of this movement in the exercise of systems engineering.
How have industrial revolutions changed history?

Since the sixteenth century human beings sought that technological changes will improve
their quality of life and the development of their environment. Between 1760 and 1830, there
was a major event with the invention of the steam engine and the systematization of work in
the factories. During this period the greatest set of economic, technological and social
transformations in the history of humanity since the Neolithic era was experienced: the first
Industrial Revolution. We went from a rural economy based mainly on agriculture and trade,
to an urban, industrialized and mechanized economy. Production multiplied, society
changed its mentality about work and cities developed exponentially.
• In 1850 a steady flow of electricity was achieved, which gave way to mass production, led
by the Ford brand. This changed not only the lifestyle of the people, but also allowed the
creation of products on a large scale.
• In the first decade of the twentieth century came the fury of electronics, a technology that
challenged the known and opened new horizons for telecommunications. From then on,
communication and information technologies (ICTs) were created.
• In 2011 the concept of Revolution 4.0 appeared for the first time, referring to several
technological advances such as artificial intelligence and hyperconnectivity.
What is the Fourth Industrial Revolution?

Revolution 4.0 has its origin in the need for companies not to depend on labor and for the
industry to survive without human interference. This reflection gives way to an era of
technological exploration, with the conception of intelligent machinery and the sophistication
of interconnection networks, capable of thinking for themselves.
In addition, new ways of industrial automation are being explored with artificial intelligence
(AI) and cyber-physical systems. These advances combine the latest advances in
engineering and software development. It is anticipated that these systems may also be able
to interact with people and other similar networks.
The future goal is not only to interconnect devices and networks, but also to open the way
for innovation in areas such as medicine, telecommunications, the economy, as well as the
study of social and consumer behavior.
What technologies accompany this revolution?

With industrial automation that relies on intelligent networks and autonomous systems, new
opportunities are created for businesses and the economy in the world.
• The Cyberphysical Systems are machines that work autonomously and
communicate with other machines of the same type. These systems are able to make
decisions for themselves and act according to a pattern of behavior. These systems
considered as "smart factories" are the result of work between industrial, mechanical
and systems engineering.
• The Internet of Things (in English, Internet of things, abbreviated IoT), is a concept
that refers to the digital interconnection of everyday objects with the Internet, which
regularly upload and collect information. Adapting the IoT to industrial machines
opens the door to new forms of production and new efficiency processes.
• New cybersecurity systems: These developments work for the protection of
interconnection networks by protecting the information that is synchronized through
the IoT. The need for these high levels of protection requires trained personnel in the
creation of "cyber-barriers" of protection.
What are the positions facing the revolution?
Revolution 4.0 has generated diverse opinions regarding the automation of the industry and
the absence of labor in the productive processes of the companies.
According to Klaus Schwab, Executive Director of the World Economic Forum, the
technological revolution allows the entry of new revenues thanks to the optimization of the
processes and the operations of the industry. Additionally, the quality of life improves for
entire populations. On the other hand, Elizabeth Garbee, Researcher of the School for the
Future of Innovation in Society of Arizona State University, believes in its negative impact
on society and how dangerous it can be not to have human labor within industrial processes.
From the industrial and social sphere, different scenarios are predicted of how the revolution
will affect the future of work, data analysis and citizen safety.
• Industrial scope perspective:
- Revolution 4.0 will allow emerging economies to obtain greater economic benefits.
- The world economy will have an increase in its income by approximately US $ 14,
2 billion over the next 15 years
- The use of smart networks will increase the income of companies, which will
represent more money for workers.
- The IoT will allow all the information to be synchronized, facilitating industrial
processes
• Perspective Social area:
- The technological revolution will generate challenges that will only be overcome by
those who have the faculties (economic and political) to assume them.
- The automation of the industry will end with more than 5 million jobs.
- A total trust in artificial intelligence cannot be guaranteed since they still require
human supervision.
- New cybersecurity models will be required to protect information within smart grids.
What awaits future professionals?
Today, in countries such as France and the United States, the technological revolution that
is looming, avoiding being obsolete, has been taken seriously. Germany, for example,
included Revolution 4.0 as an important issue within its government agenda, to generate
new jobs and higher incomes.
To be an active part of this technological revolution, professionals must develop operating
systems and applications oriented towards the IoT or the interconnection of increasingly
sophisticated networks. Additionally, they must work on secure systems that can protect the
information.
The companies will focus on hiring trained workers with leadership skills who can face the
new challenges of the digital environment. The professionals that will demand the fourth
revolution must have a solid criterion, oriented not only in the technological advance but
towards the common good.

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FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND BASIC SCIENCES

NEUMATICS AND OLEODINAMICS

How have industrial revolutions changed history?

What is the Fourth Industrial Revolution?

What technologies accompany this revolution?

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