Scribd
Upload
87 views17 pages

Input Output Management: Printf, Scanf Conversion Specifiers Escape Sequences

The document discusses input/output management in C programming. It covers printf() and scanf() functions for printing and reading formatted output. It describes format specifiers like %c, %d, %f used with these functions and explains escape sequences used in printing.

Uploaded by

Uma Mahesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
87 views17 pages

Input Output Management: Printf, Scanf Conversion Specifiers Escape Sequences

The document discusses input/output management in C programming. It covers printf() and scanf() functions for printing and reading formatted output. It describes format specifiers like %c, %d, %f used with these functions and explains escape sequences used in printing.

Uploaded by

Uma Mahesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Input Output Management

P R I N T F ( ) , S C A N F ( )
C O N V E R S I O N S P E C I F I E R S
E S C A P E S E Q U E N C E S

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


INPUT and OUTPUT

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Printing Output: printf()

 printf() will print formatted output to the screen.

 To print a message:
printf("This is a message\n");

this is a string literal

 How do we print the value of a variable?


 Answer: Use special format specifiers depending on the type of
the variable

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
int degreesF = 68;
printf("The temperature is %d degrees.", degreesF);

Specifier for “and the value of


“print an integer value” that number is read
from this variable”
Output:

> The temperature is 68 degrees.

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


int a = 1;
int b = 2;
int c = 3;

printf(“%d plus %d is equal to %d", a, b, c);

Output:

1 plus 2 is equal to 3

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


 Format specifiers:
 %c for single characters
 %d for integers
 %f for float/double (fractions): 1234.56
 %g for float/double (scientific): 1.23456E+3
 %s for phrases or ‘strings’

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Example:
char a='A';
printf("%c %d %x %0", a, a, a, a);

Output:

A 65 41 101

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Format specifier can be used with modifiers

Example :
%-6d, %5d, %6.2f

Modifier Description

digit Allocate minimum width (in characters).

.digit Number of floating-points

- left justified

l Print the data as a long integer.


Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
Statement Output

printf("|%d|", 987); |987|

printf("|%2d|", 987); |987|

printf("|%8d|", 987); | 987|

printf("|%-8d|", 987); |987 |

printf("|%0.2f|", 9876.54); |9876.54|


printf("|%4.2f|", 9876.54); |9876.54|
printf("|%3.1f|", 9876.54); |9876.5|
printf("|%10.3f|", 9876.54); | 9876.540|

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


printf(“Hello \n World!");

‘\n’ is not a data to be printed. Instead, it is a command that tells the


monitor to move the cursor to the next line

Output:

Hello
World!

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Control Characters (Escape Sequences)

Character Description

'\n' newline
'\t' horizontal tab
'\v' vertical tab
'\r' carriage return
'\x41' hexadecimal number, 0x41
'\101' octal number 101
'\0' null character - indicates the end of a string

'\'' single quatation mark (')


'\"' double quatation mark (")
'\\' backslash mark (\)
'\b' backspace
'\f' formfeed - next page (used for printer)
'\a' alert - produce a beep sound

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Figure: Output specification for inventory report

printf (“Part Number\tQty On Hand\tQty On Order\t\tPrice\n”);

\t \t \t\t \n

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Keyboard input: scanf()

 scanf() will scan formatted input from the keyboard.


 It uses the same format specifiers as printf()
 To read an integer:

 int num_students;
scanf("%d", &num_students);

Specifier for VERY IMPORTANT “Place value into this


“reading an integer value” special symbol variable”

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Compiled By: Kamal Acharya
Format specifiers for scanf()

 Format specifiers:
 %c for single characters
 scanf(" %c", &some_character);
always put a space between " and % when reading characters

 %d for integers
 scanf ("%d", &some_integer);
 %f for float
 scanf ("%f", &some_float);
 %lf for double
 scanf ("%lf", &some_double);

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya


Escape Sequences

Compiled By: Kamal Acharya

You might also like