2008 Mathematical Methods 3/4 Trial Exam 2 Solutions Q9 The range of g is (− 1,0] , ∴ the range of f o g is (0,1] .

B
Free download and print from www.itute.com
Do not photocopy ©Copyright 2008 itute.com
x x x y− x
Q10 f   = 1 − = 1− = .
SECTION 1  y y y y
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 f (x ) − f ( y ) 1 − x − 1 − y
= =
( ) y− x
. D
C A E B D D E D B D A 1 − f (y) 1− 1− y ( ) y
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
B E A B A A C A A D C Q11 A

f (log e x )
x Q12 P( x ) = , use the quotient rule and the chain rule,
Q1 f (x ) = tan  is defined over D. C g ( x)
2
 1 
a b a a
b (g ( x )) 1x ( f ′(log e x )) − ( f (log e x )) ( ( ))
 g ′ x
Q2 b = 2 log 2   , = log 2   , = 2 , 2
P ′( x ) = 2 x 

b
 
2 2 2 2
b 1 1
[g ( x )] 2

a = 2 ×2 = 2 2 2
+1
=2 2
(b + 2 )
= e (
1
log e 2 2 (b + 2 )
) =e 2
(b + 2 ) log e 2
. A
=
2 xg ( x ) f ′(log e x ) − xf (log e x )g ′ x ( ). B
2x x g [ ( x )] 2

Q3 e 2 x − 2e x + k = 0 , e x ( ) 2
( )
− 2 ex + k = 0 ,
dy
2 ± 4 − 4k Q13 y = 2 x 3 − 3ax 2 + 5 , = 6 x 2 − 6ax = 6 x( x − a ) . ∴it is a
ex = = 1± 1− k . dx
2
stationary point at x = a . Equation of the normal at x = a is
Two solutions exist when 1 − 1 − k > 0 and 1 − k > 0 . x=a. E
∴1 > 1 − k and k < 1 , i.e. 1 > 1 − k and k < 1 .
3 dy
Hence 0 < k < 1 . E Q14 Use graphics calculator, at x = , = 2.373 . A
4 dx
1  π 1  1    π 1 
Q4 f (x ) = 2 cos(3x ) , f  − x  =  2 cos 3 − x    , Q15 f (x ) = 1 − x , f ′(x ) =
−1
. Let x = −3 and h = −0.1 .
4  6 3  4   6 3  2 1− x
1 π  1 f ( x + h ) ≈ f ( x ) + hf ′( x )
= cos − x  = sin x . B
2 2  2 ∴ f (− 3.1) ≈ f (− 3) + (− 0.1) f ′(− 3)
Q5 The graph is part of a circle centred at (0,0) and with a  −1  81
f (− 3.1) ≈ 1 − (− 3) + (− 0.1) = . B
radius of 1 unit.  2 1 − (− 3)  40
 
x 2 + y 2 = 1 , y = 1 − x 2 , ∴ a = 1 and b = 1 . D
Q16 3 × 1 + 1.6 × 1 + 0.5 × 1 + 0.3 × 1 ≈ 5.4 A
x −x
Q6 Transform e to a − be − c graphically, or choose
positive a, b and c values, and use graphics calculator to sketch
graph. D

( )(
Q7 3 x + x 3 x − x = 9 x − x 2 , )
(1 − x 2 )(2 + x 2 ) = 2 − x 2 − 2x 2 ,
x 3 − 3x 2 + 3 x − 1 = 3 ( x − 1) = x − 1 ,
3 3

3 5
x 2 − (2 x ) 2
5
= x3 − 2 2 x 4 . E
−3
x 2

Q8 D

2008 Math. Methods 34 Trial Exam 2 Solutions © Copyright itute.com 2008 Do not photocopy Free download and print from www.itute.com 1
Q17 f (x ) = (x + 2)g ( x ) is a continuous decreasing function, SECTION 2
1
∴it has only one x-intercept at x = −2 .  24  4
16 16 16
−2 b Q1a x = 4 − 1 , x + 1 = 4 , y 4 = , y = ±  ,
∫ f ( x )dx − ∫ f (x )dx = [F (x )] − [F (x )]− 2 x +1  x +1
−2 b y y
Required area = a
a −2 2
= 2 F (− 2) − F (a ) − F (b ) . A y=± 1
.
(x + 1) 4
20 5
Q18 = . C Q1b
36 9

(1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,5) (1,6)

(2,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) (2,6)
(3,1) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6)
(4,1) (4,2) (4,3) (4,4) (4,5) (4,6)
(5,1) (5,2) (5,3) (5,4) (5,5) (5,6)
(6,1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5) (6,6)

Q19
 1   1  1  2  1
X = (− 1) 2 ×  + 1 2 ×  + 3 2 ×  + 5 2 ×  + 7 2 × 
 30   10   6   15   15 
51
= . A
15

Q20

X > 0.36 X < 0.36

2 −2 4
X > 0.64 0.19 0 0.19 Q1c L(x ) = 1
− 1
= 1
.
X < 0.64 0.33 0.48 0.81
(x + 1) 4 (x + 1) 4 (x + 1) 4
0.52 0.48 1 dL dL dx 1 5 2
= − × 4( x + 1) 4 × 2 = −
−
Q1di = × 5
.
dt dx dt 4 (x + 1) 4
Pr (0.36 < X < 0.64) 0.33 11
Pr ( X > 0.36 | X < 0.64) = = = . A 2
Pr ( X < 0.64) 0.81 27 Rate of decrease of L = .
5

1.25 + 1.35 1.35 − 1.30

(x + 1) 4
Q21 µ = = 1.30 and σ = = 0.025 .
2 2
Q1dii When t = 7.5 , x = vt = 2 × 7.5 = 15 .
Pr (1.28 < X < 1.38) = normalcdf (1.28,1.38,1.30,0.025) ≈ 0.79 .
2 1
D Rate of decrease of L = 5
= .
(15 + 1) 4 16
M M
1 1
Q22 ∫ 3 cos t2
dt = 0.5 , ∫ 3
sec 2 tdt = 0.5 ,
15  8(x + 1) 34 
15
112
0 0 2
M
Q1e ∆A = 2 × ∫ 1
dx = 2 ×   = .
 1  1 0 ( x + 1) 4  3  0 3
∴ tan t  = 0.5 , tan M = 0.5 , M = 0.714 . C
 3 0 3 ∆A 112 224
Average rate of increase of the area = = 3 = .
∆t 7.5 45

[ ]
Q2a 2π 1 − (1 − h ) = 2π (1 − (1 − h ))(1 + (1 − h )) = 2πh(2 − h ) .
2

Q2b
2
− (1 − h ) +
(1 − h ) = 2 − 1 + h + 1 − 3h + 3h 2 − h 3
3

3 3 3 3
3
h
= h2 − .
3

2008 Math. Methods 34 Trial Exam 2 Solutions © Copyright itute.com 2008 Do not photocopy Free download and print from www.itute.com 2
  2  4π 3
Q2c When h = 1 , max V = 2π   = m. Q3cii The cosine curve in the fourth wave crest is the
3 3
π 
4π 3 4π 4π translation of y = 3 − 2 cos x  , x ∈ [0,8] , to the right by 24
Q2d V = m = × 10 6 cm3 = × 10 3 litres. 6 
3 3 3
4π π 
× 10 3 units, ∴its equation is y = 3 − 2 cos (x − 24) , x ∈ [24,32] .
3 2π 6 
Time required = = × 10 3 seconds.
2 3
Q3di Same area as the first wave crest,
−3
Q2e 2 litres per second = 2 × 10 m per second. 3 8
 π   1
A = ∫  3 − 2 cos x  − (− 2 )dx − π (1.5)
2

 h 3  dV dV dh 0 6   2
V = 2π  h 2 −  , = × ,
12 sin ( π6 x )
3  dt dh dt 8
 8
  π  9π  9π
= ∫  5 − 2 cos x  dx − = 5 x −  −
dV dh dh 1 dV
dt
(
= 2π 2h − h 2
dt
),∴ =
dt 2π 2h − h 2
×
( dt
.
)
0  6  8  π 0 8
6 3 9π
dh 1 = 40 + − m2.
When h = 0.5 , =
dt 2π (1 − 0.25)
( )
× − 2 × 10 −3 = −1.82 × 10 −4 π 8

Rate of decrease = 1.82 × 10 −4 ms-1.  6 3 9π 

Q3dii V = A × l =  40 + − × 10 = 398 m3.
 π 8 
dA dA dh dh  
(
Q2f A = 2π 2h − h 2 , ) = ×
dt dh dt
= 2π (2 − 2h ) .
dt
dA 1 x − 12
When h = 0.5 ,
dt
( )
= 2π × − 1.82 × 10 − 4 = −1.14 × 10 −3 . Q4a Inverse equation: x = a log e y +
2
, log e y =
a
,
x− 1 2 x −1 2 x −1
Rate of decrease = 1.14 × 10 −3 m2s-1. 2

y=e a
=e 2a
,∴f −1
(x ) = e 2a
.
Q2gi When h = 0.5 ,
Q4b
 0 .5 3 
volume of water = 2π  0.5 2 −  = 1.309 m3.
 3 
Volume of water plus pebbles = 1.309 + 0.831 = 2.140 m3.
 h3 
∴ 2.140 = 2π  h 2 −  . Using graphics calculator, h = 0.661 m.
 3 

dh dV 1
Q2gii Yes. = × .
dt dt 2π 2h − h 2 ( )
dV dh 1
Since is constant, ∝ .
dt dt 2h − h 2

T 2π π
Q3a For y = c − a cos(bx ) , = 6 , ∴ T = 12 = , ∴b = .
2 b 6
π 
Its amplitude is 2, ∴ a = 2 . y = −2 cos x  is translated
6 
upwards by 3, ∴ c = 3 .
1 dy a
For semi-circle (x − h ) + ( y − k ) = 1.52 , x ∈ [6.5,8] , radius is Q4ci y = a log e x + . At the contact point, = = 1 and
2 2
2 dx x
1.5. It is the translation of the semi-circle x 2 + y 2 = 1.5 2 , 1 1
y = x , ∴ y = x = a , ∴ a = a log e a + , ∴ a − a log e a − = 0 .
x ∈ [− 1.5,0] to the right by 8 units and upwards by 2.5 units. 2 2
∴ h = 8 and k = 2.5 . Using graphics calculator, a = 2.156 .

Q3b P(8,4) Q4cii (2.156,2.156) .

Q3ci The semi-circle in the third wave crest is the translation of

the semi-circle x 2 + y 2 = 1.5 2 , x ∈ [− 1.5,0] to the right by 24
units and upwards by 2.5 units,
∴its equation is (x − 24) + ( y − 2.5) = 1.5 2 , x ∈ [22.5,24] .
2 2

2008 Math. Methods 34 Trial Exam 2 Solutions © Copyright itute.com 2008 Do not photocopy Free download and print from www.itute.com 3
 ∞
2
Q5a 1000 × Pr ( X > 375) = 1000 × ∫ e −π ( x −375.5 ) dx = 895 . Note:
375

let ∞ be 380, use graphics calculator to evaluate the definite

integral.

∞
−π ( x −375.5 )2
Q5b 1000 × Pr ( X > 375.3) = 1000 × ∫e
375.3
dx = 692 .

Translate the pdf and all x-values to the left by 0.3,

∞
2
∴1000 × Pr ( X > 375) = 1000 × ∫ e −π ( x −375.2 ) dx = 692 .
375

∴ k = 375.2 .

Q5c Binomial, n = 5 , p = 1 − 0.692 = 0.308 ,

Pr ( X = 4 ) = binompdf (5,0.308,4 ) = 0.031 .

Q5d Since the machines are identical, it makes no difference to

the probability which machine the cans are selected from.
Pr ( X = 8) = binompdf (10,0.308,8) = 0.002 .

Q5e Given that 2 cans were under and 1 can was over 375 ml,
∴the probability that 6 of the remaining 7 cans are under 375 ml
= binompdf (7,0.308,6) = 0.004 .

Q5fi Symmetric bell shape.

Q5fii
376.85 − 375.5
If Y is normally distributed, then σ Y = = 0.675 .
2

Pr (µ − σ < Y < µ + σ )
normalcdf (374.825,376.175,375.5,0.3989 ) + normalcdf (374.825,376.175,375.5,0.7978 )
=
2
= 0.756 ≠ 0.683 .

Pr (µ − 3σ < Y < µ + 3σ )
normalcdf (373.475,377.525,375.5,0.3989) + normalcdf (373.475,377.525,375.5,0.7978)
=
2
= 0.994 ≈ 0.997 .

∴ Y is not exactly normally distributed.

Please inform mathline@itute.com re conceptual,

mathematical and/or typing errors

2008 Math. Methods 34 Trial Exam 2 Solutions © Copyright itute.com 2008 Do not photocopy Free download and print from www.itute.com 4