Name List
Name List
Name List
BENGALEE SURNAMES
S MOOKERJEE
University of Calcutta
Discusses the emergence of surnames particu- direction, to formulate uniform practice and
larly with reference to Bengali names. Gives to fall in with the international form. Univer-
an annotated list of derivation. A fairly sity has its advantages and it will help the
exhaustive list of surnames as obtain in foreigners to handle our bibliographies with
Bengalees in general is given for purposes of more ease. Still there are many who oppose
cataloguing.
this and they have their reasons as well.
Surnames have probably been a common Surnames and titles or decorations used
feature for some centuries in many count.ries. along with the proper names - generally added
But for bibliographical purposes and for library at the end of the names - are either genealogi-
catalogues surnames have been a knotty prob- calor professional. The former have been in
lem in some of the Indian States, more so in use from generation to generation and are
Bengal. The Western practice has been to generally family names some of which may even
catalogue all books under the author s ! surnames have been personal names. Professional names
followed by the initials of the forenames and in have also been adapted as family names and are
case of a single forename, it is usual to write regularly used as surnames. It has been a
the name in full instead of putting the initial of practice for several centuries to award titles
the forename only. This practice has several to persons who occupy positions of eminence in
advantages for bibliographical and for library intelligence, learning, wealth or riches,
purposes as well. The practice in the East honour etc. Persons who have rendered meri-
for Oriental names was generally to use the torious service to the country have also been
forename of the author instead of his surname. awarded titles which have gone down from
A single instance would illustrate this, e. g. generation to generation and thus got absorbed
William Carey, will be better known under as family names or surnames. Indian history
Carey than William, whereas Ba nk i m Chandra from pre-Moghul days has shown that
Chatterjee will be better known as Ba nk im the ruling Hindu Kings had awarded titles on
Chandra than as Chatterjee. Similarly persons and families for either meritorious
Ravindranath Tagore is better known in Bengal service to the country or for leadership in
as Ravindranath though he is better known as society. This practice has been followed by
Tagore in the Western world. In a public lib- the Pathan and the Moghul rulers and by their
rary in a village or town in Bengal, people successors, the British as well. Even in inde-
will enquire about Bankirn Chandra's books 'and pendent India the Presidential awards on the
not for Chatterjee's books, for Ravi Babu s ! Republic day, like the New Years' Honours of
books and not for Thakurs' or 'I'a go r e s ! books. the English Sovereigns, is just a continuation
In the post independence era there has been a of the old practice of honouring persons fo r
tendency and perhaps a tendency in the right meritorious service to the country. Some of
V 6 N 3 Sep 1959 81
M1 MOOKHERJEE
the titles awarded by the Muslim rulers have four sides (of the Capital or of the State)
been adopted as family names and are still was also known by this title. The Punjabi
continuing as such from generation to genera- title of the same category may have a
tion. similar meaning.
82 An lib sc
BENGALEE SURNAMES MZ
who as a Representative of the Zemindar changer and sometimes one who deals in
(Landlord) used to distribute land and money and jewels.
collect the revenue also. This title is in
vogue in the present day both among Pur Kayastha - This is an old Hindu title
Hindus and Muslims. generally awarded to the Chief Writer of
the Ruler or Kind. (Kayastha is a Writer
Mir-vahar - Generally signified the Chief of of Records, Pur a is Chief.).
the Fleet or the Admiral of the Fleet.
Sometimes the Collector of Custom was Ray, Rajan, Roy - In the days of the Nawabs,
also designed by this term. these titles signified the honour of having
a thousand soldiers under them.
Mullick - During the rule of the Pathan
Kings, noble men of the Court who were Ray Bahadur - Those who weilded an army of
awarded jagirs or zemandaries were de- three thousand strong were thus decorated.
corated with this title. The Punjabi In the British days, this title indicated .
title Malik may be akin to this. respectability. Hindus were decorated
with Ray Bahadur and Muslims with Khan
Majumdar - These persons were employed Bahadur titles.
under the Chief Administrators to keep
the accounts of the revenue receipts and Ray-Rayan (King of Kings) - The Chief Hindu
arrangements etc. They were also re- Officer in the civil side under the Bengal
quired to check the revenue receipts of Nawabs were thus decorated. The early
the Zemindars. This is a common title British rulers also made use of this title
in the present day. upto i 772 A. D.
Munshi - Generally signified a Secreatry. Samaddar - This title denoted persons who
These people used to note down the dispo- were employed by the Government or the
sitions in the law courts and did other Zemindars (Landlords) to inspect and
secretarial work or writing work. This supervise the cultivation in the districts
is also a very common title in the United and also to settle the disputes amongst
Province or Uttar Pradesh and other the cultivator s ,
parts of North India. Sarkar - The Chief person in the village.
Munsiff - It generally implied a person This is a heriditary title and is common
employed by the Landlords to inspect the in the modern times though the family
lands. The present service of Munsiffs may not be holding the former position at
in Bengal signify the cadre of Judicial all. Sometimes the same title denotes a
Officers below the rank of Sub-ordinate professional class such as a clerk or one
Judge. who keeps the accounts as well.
Mustafi - Persons in charge of the Civil Re- Serkhel or Sena Sarkhel - This title signified
cord Office •. They used to examine the a General or i!- Senapati in the army. It is
Civil Revenue Accounts. a heriditary title though none of the present
users of the title have anything to do with
Ohdedar - These were persons employed by
the army as such.
the Sovereign to r ea ri s e the revenue from
the Zemindars or Landlords, when they Sikdar - They were persons entrusted to
failed to pay their dues to the State. Many realise the revenue of the smaller areas
a Ohdedar unsurped Zemandaries'. of the State or Zemindari. In the Moghul
times the Officers of the Provincial Chiefs
Patranavis - The person who controlled the
were known as Sikdars.
Correspondence Department of the State.
They were a class of Officers akin to Singh - Officers of the Army were thus deco-
tho se of a Secratariate. rated.
Poddar or Fotadar - These were people who Tarafdar - This signified the owner of a
used to examine the coins (money). In the portion or taraf of a pargana. These per-
present day, this signifies a money sons had to maintain the peace and collect
V 6 N 3 Sep 1959
M3 MOOKHER JEE
the revenue of the taraf or portion of the has been made to make the list as full or as
pargana in their charge. Hence the lord of complete as possible, but there may be some
a portion of a village also had this title. omissions which may have escaped my notice.
It will be found that all the different surnames
Upadhyaya - This title signifies a Brahmin
are not very common and there may be no
who is noted for several qualities of head
authors at all with some of these surnames.
and heart. Generally the name of the
The list has been drawn up with an eye not to
village in which the family lived is added
authorship but to the prevalence of the sur-
to this title and thus the Upadhyayas of
names as they are in Bengal. The following
different villages are distinguished from
publications have been consulted in the drawing
each other, e. g. Bandyopadhyaya,
up of the list of surnames:
Gangopadhyaya, Mukhopadhyaya etc.
84 An lib sc
BENGALEESURNAMES Mda
V 6 N 3 Sep 1959 85
Mda MOOKHERJEE
86 An lib sc
BENGALEE SURNAMES Mkh
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\1kh MOOKHERJEE
88 An lib sc
BENGALEE SURNAMES Mpa
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Mpa MOOKHERJEE
90 An lib sc
BENGALEE SURNAMES Myu
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