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    ECG Demographics Rate: 300/# Large Box in RR Interval

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    Jonathan Davis
    This document provides an overview of ECG abnormalities and classifications including: 1. It describes how to analyze the rate, rhythm, axis, and wave forms of an ECG including P waves, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, ST segment, and T wave. 2. It lists and describes common ECG abnormalities such as sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole. 3. It provides classifications for narrow complex tachycardias, wide complex tachycardias, shockable versus non-shockable rhythms, and cardio pulmonary arrest rhythms.

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    ECG Demographics Rate: 300/# Large Box in RR Interval

    Uploaded by

    Jonathan Davis
    53 views11 pages
    This document provides an overview of ECG abnormalities and classifications including: 1. It describes how to analyze the rate, rhythm, axis, and wave forms of an ECG including P waves, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, ST segment, and T wave. 2. It lists and describes common ECG abnormalities such as sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole. 3. It provides classifications for narrow complex tachycardias, wide complex tachycardias, shockable versus non-shockable rhythms, and cardio pulmonary arrest rhythms.

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    This document provides an overview of ECG abnormalities and classifications including: 1. It describes how to analyze the rate, rhythm, axis, and wave forms of an ECG including P waves, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, ST segment, and T wave. 2. It lists and describes common ECG abnormalities such as sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole. 3. It provides classifications for narrow complex tachycardias, wide complex tachycardias, shockable versus non-shockable rhythms, and cardio pulmonary arrest rhythms.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    53 views11 pages

    ECG Demographics Rate: 300/# Large Box in RR Interval

    Uploaded by

    Jonathan Davis
    This document provides an overview of ECG abnormalities and classifications including: 1. It describes how to analyze the rate, rhythm, axis, and wave forms of an ECG including P waves, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, ST segment, and T wave. 2. It lists and describes common ECG abnormalities such as sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole. 3. It provides classifications for narrow complex tachycardias, wide complex tachycardias, shockable versus non-shockable rhythms, and cardio pulmonary arrest rhythms.

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    ECG

    Demographics

    Rate
    300/# large box in RR interval

    Rhythm
    Regular/Regularly irregular/Irregularly Irregular?

    Sinus Rhythm-upright p wave in II, III & aVF (inverted in aVR) followed by QRS complex

    NB. Atrial Fib-> no discernible P wave & QRS complex irreg-irreg

    Atrial Flutter-> “sawtooth” baseline (~300/min) w/ reqular QRS

    Ventricular rhythm-> QRS >0.12 w/ p wave following them

    Axis
    Axis=Lead I + aVF

    NB. If complexes in Ld I & II are both positive, the axis is normal.

    Wave forms:
    P wave-(normally preceed each QRS)

    Absent: AFib, SA block, juctional (AV nodal) rhythm

    Dissociated p wave & QRS: complete heart block

    Bifid p wave-aka p mitrale-> left atrial hypertrophy

    Peaked p wave-mrignt atrial hypertrophy (P. Pulmonale)

    PR Interval: (measure-start of P wave to start of QRS)

    Normal=0.12-0.2s (3-5small squares)

    Prolonged-delay in AV conduction: 1st degree Heart Block

    Short-fast AV conduction: Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

    QRS Complex:

    Normal: 0.06-0.1s

    Delayed: 0.11s

    Prolonged: > 0.12 (suggest ventricular conduction defect e.g. BBB-bundle branch block)
    Large QRS-ventricular hypertrophy

    Normal Q wave-<0.04 wide & <2mm deep

    (Pathological Q waves occur within a few hr of an Acute MI)

    QT interval: measure from start of QRS->end of Twave

    QTc=QT/√RR Normal=0.38-0.42

    Prolonged QT: Acute MI

    ST segment: usually isoelectric

    Planar elevation: >1mm

    Depression: >0.5mm

    Abnormal-> infarction/ischemia

    T wave: Normally inverted-> aVR, V1, V2

    Abnormal if inverted in: Ld I, II, V6-V7

    Peaked in hyperkalemia; Flattened in hypokalemia


    ECG Abnormalities
    Sinus tachycardia- Rate >100bpm

    Sinus bradycardia- Rate <60bpm

    Atrial Fibrillation-

    Atrial Flutter
    1st & 2nd degree heart block (Mobitz I/II)

    Mobitz Type 1: PR interval increasingly prolonged

    Mobitz Type 2: PR interval constant


    3rd degree heart block:
    Junctional Tachycardia
    Idioventricular Rhythym

    Torsades de pointes

    Ventricular Fibrillation
    Ventricular Tachycardia

    Asystole
    Pulseless Electrical Activity:

    Occurs when there is organized electrical activity (except VT) is present on the cardiac monitor
    but the patient is apneic & pulseless.

    Classifications of Tachycardias

    Narrow Complex Tachycardias


    Regular Irregular
    A Tach (Non Sinus) A Tach (multifocal)
    A Flutter (Fixed AVN block) A Flutter (Variable block)
    Juctional Tachycardia Sinus Tachcardia + PAC
    PSVT (Paroxysmal Supraventricular tachycardia) A Fib

    Wide Complex Tachycardias: V Tach


    Torsades de Pointes

    Shockable Rhythms Non Shockable Rhythms


    Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
    Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) Asystole
    CardioPulmonary Arrest Rhthyms

    Other

    Q-wave pathologies

    ST elevation/depression

    T wave inversion

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