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Extjs Tutorial

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You are on page 1/ 18

About the Tutorial

ExtJS stands for Extended JavaScript. It is a JavaScript framework and a product of


Sencha, based on YUI (Yahoo User Interface). It is basically a desktop application
development platform with modern UI. This tutorial gives a complete understanding of Ext
JS. This reference will take you through simple and practical approaches while learning
Ext JS.

Audience
This tutorial has been prepared for beginners to help them understand the concepts of
ExtJS to build dynamic web UI.

Prerequisites
For this tutorial, the reader should have prior knowledge of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
coding. It would be helpful if the reader knows the concepts of object-oriented
programming and has a general idea on creating web applications.

Execute ExtJS Online


For most of the examples given in this tutorial you will find a Try it option. Make use of
this option to execute your ExtJS programs on the spot and enjoy your learning.

Try the following example using the Try it option available at the top right corner of the
following sample code box −

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link
href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-
classic/resources/theme-classic-all.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script type="text/javascript"
src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
Ext.onReady(function() {
Ext.create('Ext.Panel', {
renderTo: 'helloWorldPanel',
height: 100,

i
width: 200,
title: 'Hello world',
html: 'First Ext JS Hello World Program'
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="helloWorldPanel"></div>
</body>
</html>

Copyright & Disclaimer


 Copyright 2017 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.

All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.

We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at contact@tutorialspoint.com

ii
Table of Contents
About the Tutorial .................................................................................................................................... i

Audience .................................................................................................................................................. i

Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................ i

Execute ExtJS Online ................................................................................................................................ i

Copyright & Disclaimer............................................................................................................................ ii

Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... iii

1. EXT.JS ─ OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................. 1

History .................................................................................................................................................... 1

Features .................................................................................................................................................. 2

Benefits ................................................................................................................................................... 2

Limitations .............................................................................................................................................. 2

Tools ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

2. EXT.JS ─ ENVIRONMENT SETUP ........................................................................................... 4

Local Environment Setup......................................................................................................................... 5

3. EXT.JS ─ NAMING CONVENTION .......................................................................................... 8

4. EXT.JS ─ ARCHITECTURE ...................................................................................................... 9

5. EXT.JS ─ FIRST PROGRAM .................................................................................................. 11

6. EXT.JS ─ CLASS SYSTEM...................................................................................................... 13

Defining a Class in Ext JS ........................................................................................................................ 13

Creating Objects .................................................................................................................................... 14

Inheritance in Ext JS .............................................................................................................................. 14

7. EXT.JS - CONTAINERS ......................................................................................................... 16

Components Inside Container ............................................................................................................... 16

iii
Container Inside Container .................................................................................................................... 18

Ext.panel.Panel Container ..................................................................................................................... 21

Ext.form.Panel Container ...................................................................................................................... 22

Ext.tab.Panel Container ........................................................................................................................ 24

Ext.container.Viewport Container ......................................................................................................... 26

8. EXT.JS ─ LAYOUTS .............................................................................................................. 28

Absolute Layout .................................................................................................................................... 29

Accordion Layout .................................................................................................................................. 30

Anchor Layout ....................................................................................................................................... 32

Border Layout ....................................................................................................................................... 34

Auto Layout........................................................................................................................................... 36

card_panel Layout ................................................................................................................................. 37

card_wizard Layout ............................................................................................................................... 39

Column Layout ...................................................................................................................................... 41

Fit Layout .............................................................................................................................................. 43

Table Layout.......................................................................................................................................... 45

vbox Layout ........................................................................................................................................... 46

hbox Layout .......................................................................................................................................... 49

9. EXT.JS ─ COMPONENTS ..................................................................................................... 51

Grid ....................................................................................................................................................... 52

Form...................................................................................................................................................... 56

Message box ......................................................................................................................................... 65

Basic Alert Box ...................................................................................................................................... 66

Confirm Box .......................................................................................................................................... 67

Prompt Box ........................................................................................................................................... 69

Multiline User Input Box ....................................................................................................................... 70

iv
Yes NO Cancel Box ................................................................................................................................ 72

Chart ..................................................................................................................................................... 74

Pie Chart ............................................................................................................................................... 75

Line Chart .............................................................................................................................................. 77

Bar Chart ............................................................................................................................................... 80

Area Chart ............................................................................................................................................. 82

Tooltip................................................................................................................................................... 85

Window ................................................................................................................................................ 86

HTML Editor .......................................................................................................................................... 89

Progress Bar .......................................................................................................................................... 90

10. EXT.JS ─ DRAG AND DROP ................................................................................................. 93

Grid to Grid Drag and Drop ................................................................................................................... 96

Grid to Form Drag and Drop ................................................................................................................ 100

11. EXT.JS ─ THEMES ............................................................................................................. 106

Neptune Theme .................................................................................................................................. 106

Crisp Theme ........................................................................................................................................ 107

Triton Theme....................................................................................................................................... 108

Gray Theme ......................................................................................................................................... 110

12. EXT.JS ─ CUSTOM EVENTS AND LISTENERS ...................................................................... 112

Methods of Writing Events .................................................................................................................. 112

13. EXT.JS ─ DATA .................................................................................................................. 118

Model ................................................................................................................................................. 118

Store ................................................................................................................................................... 118

Proxy ................................................................................................................................................... 119

v
14. EXT.JS ─ FONTS ................................................................................................................ 121

Font-Awesome .................................................................................................................................... 121

Font-Pictos .......................................................................................................................................... 125

15. EXT.JS ─ STYLE ................................................................................................................. 126

16. EXT.JS ─ DRAWING .......................................................................................................... 128

Circle Drawing ..................................................................................................................................... 129

Rectangle Drawing .............................................................................................................................. 130

Arc Drawing ........................................................................................................................................ 132

Ellipse Drawing.................................................................................................................................... 133

Elliptical Arc Drawing .......................................................................................................................... 135

Image Drawing .................................................................................................................................... 136

Path Drawing ...................................................................................................................................... 138

Text Drawing ....................................................................................................................................... 139

Translate Drawing ............................................................................................................................... 141

Rotate Drawing ................................................................................................................................... 142

Square Drawing ................................................................................................................................... 144

17. EXT.JS ─ LOCALIZATION ................................................................................................... 146

18. EXT.JS ─ ACCESSIBILITY .................................................................................................... 150

Accessibility in Ext JS ........................................................................................................................... 150

19. EXT.JS ─ DEBUGGING EXT JS CODE .................................................................................. 155

Debugging JS Code in Debugger .......................................................................................................... 155

20. EXT.JS ─ METHODS .......................................................................................................... 156

vi
1. EXT.JS ─ OVERVIEW

Ext JS is a popular JavaScript framework which provides rich UI for building web applications
with cross-browser functionality. Ext JS is basically used for creating desktop applications. It
supports all the modern browsers such as IE6+, FF, Chrome, Safari 6+, Opera 12+, etc.
Whereas another product of Sencha, Sencha Touch is used for mobile applications.

Ext JS is based on MVC/MVVM architecture. The latest version of Ext JS 6 is a single platform,
which can be used for both desktop and mobile application without having different code for
different platform.

History

Ext JS 1.1
The first version of Ext JS was developed by Jack Slocum in 2006. It was a set of utility
classes, which is an extension of YUI. He named the library as YUI-ext.

Ext JS 2.0
Ext JS version 2.0 was released in 2007. This version had a new API documentation for
desktop application with limited features. This version doesn’t have backward compatibility
with previous version of Ext JS.

Ext JS 3.0
Ext JS version 3.0 was released in 2009. This version added new features as chart and list
view but at the cost of speed. It had backward compatibility with version 2.0.

Ext JS 4.0
After the release of Ext JS 3, the developers of Ext JS had the major challenge of ramping up
the speed. Ext JS version 4.0 was released in 2011. It had the complete revised structure,
which was followed by MVC architecture and a speedy application.

Ext JS 5.0
Ext JS version 5.0 was released in 2014. The major change in this release was to change the
MVC architecture to MVVM architecture. It includes the ability to build desktop apps on touch-
enabled devices, two-way data binding, responsive layouts, and many more features.

Ext JS 6.0
Ext JS 6 merges the Ext JS (for desktop application) and Sencha Touch (for mobile application)
framework.

7
Features
Following are the highlighted features of Ext JS.

 Customizable UI widgets with collection of rich UI such as grids, pivot grids, forms,
charts, trees.

 Code compatibility of new versions with the older one.

 A flexible layout manager helps to organize the display of data and content across
multiple browsers, devices, and screen sizes.

 Advance data package decouples the UI widgets from the data layer. The data package
allows client-side collection of data using highly functional models that enable features
such as sorting and filtering.

 It is protocol agnostic, and can access data from any back-end source.

 Customizable Themes Ext JS widgets are available in multiple out-of-the-box themes


that are consistent across platforms.

Benefits
Sencha Ext JS is the leading standard for business-grade web application development. Ext
JS provides the tools necessary to build robust applications for desktop and tablets.

 Streamlines cross-platform development across desktops, tablets, and smartphones -


for both modern and legacy browsers.

 Increases the productivity of development teams by integrating into enterprise


development environments via IDE plugins.

 Reduces the cost of web application development.

 Empowers the teams to create apps with a compelling user experience.

 Offers a set of widgets to easily make a powerful UI.

 Follows MVC architecture, hence the code is highly readable.

Limitations
 The size of the library is large, around 500 KB, which makes initial loading time more
and makes application slow.

 HTML is full of tags that makes it complex and difficult to debug.

 According to general public license policy, it is free for open source applications but
paid for commercial applications.

8
 Sometimes for loading even simple things require few lines of coding, which is simpler
in plain html or JQuery.

 Need quite experienced developer for developing Ext JS applications.

Tools
Following are the tools provided by Sencha used for Ext JS application development mainly
at the production level.

Sencha CMD
Sencha CMD is a tool which provides the features of Ext JS code minification, scaffolding, and
production build generation.

Sencha IDE Plugins


Sencha IDE plugins integrates Sencha frameworks into IntelliJ, WebStorm IDEs, which helps
in improving the developer’s productivity by providing features such as code completion, code
inspection, code navigation, code generation, code refactoring, template creation, spell-
checking, etc.

Sencha Inspector
Sencha Inspector is a debugging tool which helps the debugger to debug any issue while
development.

9
2. EXT.JS ─ ENVIRONMENT SETUP

Try it Option Online


We have set up ExtJS Programming environment online, so that you can compile and execute
all the available examples online. It gives you confidence in what you are reading and enables
you to verify the programs with different options. Feel free to modify any example and execute
it online.

Try the following example using Try it option available at the top right corner of the following
sample code box.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link
href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-
classic/resources/theme-classic-all.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script type="text/javascript"
src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
Ext.onReady(function() {
Ext.create('Ext.Panel', {
renderTo: 'helloWorldPanel',
height: 100,
width: 200,
title: 'Hello world',
html: 'First Ext JS Hello World Program'
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="helloWorldPanel"></div>
</body>
</html>

10
For most of the examples given in this tutorial, you will find a Try It option in our website
code sections at the top right corner that will take you to the online compiler. Make use of it
and enjoy your learning.

Local Environment Setup


This section guides you on how to download and set up Ext JS on your machine. Please follow
the steps to set up the environment.

Downloading Library Files


Download the trial version of Ext JS library files from Sencha https://www.sencha.com. You
will get the trial version from the site on your registered mail id, which will be a zipped folder
named ext-6.0.1-trial.

Unzip the folder and you will find various JavaScript and CSS files, which you will include in
our application. We will mostly include the following files:

JavaScript Files: JS file which you can find under the folder \ext-6.0.1-trial\ext-6.0.1\build
are:

File Description

ext.js This is the core file which contains all the functionalities to run the application.

ext-all.js This file contains all the code minified with no comments in the file.

ext-all-debug.js This is the unminified version of ext-all.js for debugging purpose.

This file is also unminified and is used for development purpose as it contains all the
ext-all-dev.js
comments and console logs to check any errors/issue .

ext-all.js
This file is used for production purpose mostly as it is much smaller than any other.

You can add these files to your projects JS folder or you can provide a direct path where the
file resides in your system.

CSS Files: There are number of theme-based files, which you can find under folder \ext-
6.0.1-trial\ext-6.0.1\build\classic\theme-classic\resources\theme-classic-all.css

 If you are going to use desktop application, then you can use classic themes under
folder \ext-6.0.1-trial\ext-6.0.1\build\classic

11
 If we are going to use mobile application, then you can use modern themes which can
be found under folder \ext-6.0.1-trial\ext-6.0.1\build\modern

The following library files will be added in an Ext JS application.

<html>
<head>
<link rel = "stylesheet" type ="text/css" href= "..\ext-6.0.1-trial\ext-
6.0.1\build\classic\theme-classic\resources\theme-classic-all.css" />
<script type ="text/javascript" src = "..\ext-6.0.1-trial\ext-
6.0.1\build\ext-all.js" > </script>
<script type ="text/javascript" src = "app.js" > </script>
</head>
</html>

You will keep ExtJS application code in app.js file.

CDN Setup
CDN is content delivery network with which you do not need to download the Ext JS library
files, instead you can directly add CDN link for ExtJS to your program as follows:

<html>
<head>
<link rel = "stylesheet" type ="text/css" href=
"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/classic/theme-
crisp/resources/theme-crisp-all.css" / >
<script type ="text/javascript" src =
"https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/extjs/6.0.0/ext-all.js" > </script>
<script type ="text/javascript" src = "app.js" > </script>
</head>
</html>

Popular Editors
As it is a JavaScript framework, which is used for developing web applications, in our project
we will have HTML, JS files. To write our Ext JS programs, we will need a text editor. There
are even multiple IDEs available in the market. But for now, we can consider one of the
following:

 Notepad: On Windows machine, you can use any simple text editor such as Notepad
(Recommended for this tutorial), Notepad++, sublime.

12
 Eclipse: It is an IDE developed by the eclipse open-source community and can be
downloaded from http://www.eclipse.org/

Browser
Ext JS supports cross-browser compatibility, it supports all major browsers such as:

 IE 6 and above
 Firefox 3.6 and above
 Chrome10 and above
 Safari 4 and above
 Opera 11 and above

You can use any browser for running Ext JS application.

13
3. EXT.JS ─ NAMING CONVENTION

Naming convention is a set of rule to be followed for identifiers. It makes the code more
readable and understandable to other programmers as well.

Naming convention in Ext JS follows the standard JavaScript convention, which is not
mandatory but a good practice to follow. It should follow the camel case syntax for naming
the class, method, variable and properties.

If the name is combined with two words, the second word will start with an uppercase letter
always. For example, doLayout(), StudentForm, firstName, etc.

Name Convention

Class Name It should start with an uppercase letter, followed by camel case. For example,
StudentClass

Method It should start with a lowercase letter, followed by camel case. For example, doLayout()
Name
Variable It should start with a lowercase letter, followed by camel case. For example, firstName
Name

Constant It should be in uppercase only. For example, COUNT, MAX_VALUE


Name

It should start with a lowercase letter, followed by camel case. For example,
Property
enableColumnResize = true
Name

14
4. EXT.JS ─ ARCHITECTURE

Ext JS follows MVC/ MVVM architecture.

MVC – Model View Controller architecture (version 4)

MVVM – Model View Viewmodel (version 5)

This architecture is not mandatory for the program, however, it is a best practice to follow
this structure to make your code highly maintainable and organized.

Project Structure with Ext JS App


----------src
----------resources
-------------------CSS files
-------------------Images
----------JavaScript
--------------------App Folder
-------------------------------Controller
------------------------------------Contoller.js
-------------------------------Model
------------------------------------Model.js
-------------------------------Store
------------------------------------Store.js
-------------------------------View
------------------------------------View.js
-------------------------------Utils
------------------------------------Utils.js
--------------------------------app.js
-----------HTML files

Ext JS app folder will reside in JavaScript folder of your project.

The App will contain controller, view, model, store, and utility files with app.js.

app.js: The main file from where the flow of program will start, which should be included in
the main HTML file using <script> tag. App calls the controller of application for the rest of
the functionality.

15
Controller.js: It is the controller file of Ext JS MVC architecture. This contains all the control
of the application, the events listeners, and most of the functionality of the code. It has the
path defined for all the other files used in that application such as store, view, model, require,
mixins.

16
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