Report ITU-R M.

2290-0
(12/2013)

Future spectrum requirements

estimate for terrestrial IMT

M Series
Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur
and related satellite services
ii Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

Foreword
The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the
radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without
limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted.
The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional
Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups.

Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)

ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of
Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent
holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the
Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found.

Series of ITU-R Reports

(Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en)

Series Title

BO Satellite delivery
BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television
BS Broadcasting service (sound)
BT Broadcasting service (television)
F Fixed service
M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services
P Radiowave propagation
RA Radio astronomy
RS Remote sensing systems
S Fixed-satellite service
SA Space applications and meteorology
SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems
SM Spectrum management

Note: This ITU-R Report was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in
Resolution ITU-R 1.

Electronic Publication
Geneva, 2014
 ITU 2014
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 1

REPORT ITU-R M.2290-0

Future spectrum requirements estimate for terrestrial IMT

(2013)

1 Introduction
For the preparation of WRC-15 agenda item 1.1, Resolution 233 (WRC-12) invited ITU-R to study
additional spectrum requirements for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) and other
terrestrial mobile broadband applications. Previously, ITU-R estimated the spectrum requirements
for IMT in the preparatory studies for WRC-07 agenda item 1.4, the results of which are
documented in Report ITU-R M.2078. Since the approval of Report ITU-R M.2078 in 2006,
there have been significant advances in IMT technologies and the deployment of IMT networks.
Further, traffic growth in different mobile telecommunication markets, including those of IMT
networks, has been shown in Report ITU-R M.2243.
Taking into account these recent trends, this Report provides the results of new studies on estimated
spectrum requirements for terrestrial IMT in the year 2020. In order to reflect the advances in
technologies and the deployments of IMT networks, the spectrum requirements are calculated1
using the updated methodology in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1. Furthermore, input
parameter values to be used in this methodology have been updated from those employed in Report
ITU-R M.2078 in order to reflect the recent developments in mobile telecommunication markets. It
should be noted that the updated radio aspect parameters used in the methodology are contained in
Report ITU-R M.2289.
The Report provides a global perspective on the future spectrum requirement estimate for terrestrial
IMT. The input parameters in this Report represent a possible set of global scenarios of the future
mobile traffic growth. In some countries, the calculated spectrum requirements may depend on the
specific market circumstances and the regulatory conditions hence spectrum requirements can be
lower than the estimate derived by lower user density settings and in some other countries, spectrum
requirement can be higher than the estimate derived by higher user density settings. The
methodology utilized in the Report can be used to estimate the total IMT spectrum requirements of
a given country only if all the current input parameter values used in this report are replaced by the
values which apply to that specific country (as described in the methodology itself).
Moreover, to date there are no reliable statistics in ITU on the use of the spectrum already allocated
to terrestrial IMT by a previous WRC.
During the preparatory work of WRC-15 agenda item 1.1, national spectrum requirements in some
countries were provided. For reference, those are summarized as shown in Annex 4.

1 Both a calculator containing an implementation of the methodology and a user guide providing advice on
the use of the calculator and the input parameters can be found at the ITU website on the ITU-R Working
Party 5D webpage.
The spectrum requirement calculator tool for IMT (WINNER) can be found at:
https://www.itu.int/oth/tiesonly/download.aspx?file=R0A060000580002XLSE.xls
The user guide for the IMT spectrum requirement estimation tool can be found at:
https://www.itu.int/oth/tiesonly/download.aspx?file=R0A060000580001MSWE.docx
2 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

2 Related ITU-R Recommendations and Reports

Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 – Methodology for calculation of spectrum requirements for the
terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications.
Report ITU-R M.2072 – World mobile telecommunication market forecast.
Report ITU-R M.2074 – Radio aspects for the terrestrial component of IMT-2000 and systems beyond
IMT-2000.
Report ITU-R M.2078 – Estimated spectrum bandwidth requirements for the future development of
IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced.
Report ITU-R M.2243 – Assessment of the global mobile broadband deployments and forecasts for
International Mobile Telecommunications.
Report ITU-R M.2289 – Future radio aspect parameters for use with the terrestrial IMT spectrum estimate
methodology of Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1.
List of acronyms and abbreviations
DL Downlink
IMT International Mobile Telecommunications
QoS Quality of Service
RATG Radio Access Technology Group2
RLAN Radio Local Area Network
SC Service Categories
UL Uplink

3 Methodology
Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 (Methodology for calculation of spectrum requirements for the
terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications) reflects certain recent advances
in IMT technologies and the deployment of IMT networks:
– introduction of spectrum sharing between the macro and micro cell layers in
IMT-Advanced;
– introduction of a new spectrum granularity parameter for IMT systems.
The updated methodology provides the spectrum requirements of IMT as a whole, and divided
between two radio access technique groups (RATGs):
– RATG 1: Pre-IMT systems, IMT-2000 and its enhancements;
– RATG 2: IMT-Advanced.
The spectrum requirement estimation methodology follows a technology-neutral approach and takes
into account market, technology and deployment-related information. The following parts provide
brief explanations of the methodology as set out in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1.

2 Though Recommendation ITU-R M.1768 defines RATG as “Radio Access Technique Group,” the term
“Radio Access Technology Group” is the one which is more commonly used.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 3

3.1 Methodology flow chart

The general flow chart of the methodology in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 consists of nine
consecutive steps which are grouped into four main blocks as shown in Fig. 1. The methodology
starts with an analysis of market data, moves on to calculate and distribute traffic, and then
calculates the capacity required, before concluding with an estimate of the spectrum requirements.

FIGURE 1
General flow of spectrum requirement calculation

3.2 Definitions used in the methodology

Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 uses the radio access technology (previously technique) group
(RATG) definitions from Report ITU-R M.2074, which are summarized in Fig. 2.
Report ITU-R M.2074 also presents justification for using the RATG approach. It should be noted
that the method in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 estimates the spectrum demand for RATGs 1
and 2 only, but not those of RATG 3 (RLAN) and RATG 4. While it is true that the method takes
into account the global mobile telecommunications traffic carried by different mobile systems such
as IMT and RLAN, nevertheless the spectrum requirements are calculated only for IMT. Note that
this methodology can be used to estimate the total IMT spectrum requirements of a specific country
only if all the current (global) input parameter values are replaced by the values which apply to that
specific country (as described in the methodology itself).

FIGURE 2
RATG definitions

The service categories of Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 are defined using service types
(super-high multimedia high multimedia, medium multimedia, low rate data and low multimedia,
and very low rate data), and traffic classes (conversational, streaming, interactive, and background)
from Recommendation ITU-R M.1079-2. Furthermore, the service categories (SCs) are divided into
reservation-based and packet-switched service categories depending on the transmission scheme
assumed in their delivery. The service environment definitions in Recommendation
ITU-R M.1768-1 are based on service usage patterns (home, office, and public area)
and teledensities (dense urban, suburban, and rural).
The radio environment definitions in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 include macro cell,
micro cell, pico cell and hot spot cell layers. The radio environments are generic definitions that are
applicable to the different RATGs. The definitions are based on Report ITU-R M.2074,
where a detailed description of the layered approach (and the different cell types) is given.
4 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

3.3 Calculation algorithms

Figure 3 summarizes the steps of the calculation algorithm employed in Recommendation
ITU-R M.1768-1 in conjunction with relevant input parameters (detailed descriptions of these
parameters are provided in § 4). The methodology starts from market studies that characterize all of
the traffic carried by IMT and other mobile systems, corresponding to Steps 2-3. In Step 4, the total
traffic obtained from the market studies is distributed among different radio environments (cell
layers) and RATGs according to factors such as traffic characteristics (required data rates and user
mobilities), RATG capabilities (supported data rates, available cell types and their coverage), etc.
The system capacity required to carry the offered traffic is then calculated in Step 5 using separate
capacity calculation algorithms for reservation-based traffic and packet-based traffic respectively.
Initial spectrum estimates are obtained from the capacity requirements by dividing the latter by the
spectral efficiencies (Step 6). Then, adjustments are made to take into account network deployments
with the spectrum requirements being aggregated over the relevant deployments (Steps 7-8).
Finally, the methodology outputs the overall spectrum requirements of RATG 1 and RATG 2,
which collectively denote IMT systems (Step 9).
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 5

FIGURE 3
Steps of calculation algorithm and relevant input parameters

The main calculation algorithms in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 include the traffic
calculation algorithm, the traffic distribution algorithm, the capacity calculation algorithm, and the
spectrum requirement calculation algorithm which are reviewed below:
Step 3
The traffic calculation algorithm is used to calculate the traffic demand by service categories and
service environments using the market data from Report ITU-R M.2072 and processing it into the
format used in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1.
6 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

The traffic related input parameters for which the calculation is done include user density, session
arrival rate per user, average session duration, mean service bit rate, and mobility ratios.
The calculations are done separately for the uplink (UL) and the downlink (DL) directions.
Step 4
The traffic distribution algorithm calculates traffic distribution ratios that determine which
proportion of the traffic in each service category in each service environment goes to each available
radio environment and RATG. The traffic distribution algorithm first determines the possible
combinations of service categories, service environments, radio environments and RATGs based on
the data rate and mobility requirements of the service categories and the capabilities and availability
of radio environments and RATGs in different service environments. If all traffic can be distributed,
the sum of the traffic distribution ratios over the radio environments and RATGs for a given service
category in a given service environment in case of unicast traffic becomes equal to one. The traffic
distribution algorithm first distributes the traffic among available radio environments and then
among available RATGs. The distribution to radio environments is initiated by allocating as much
traffic to small cells as possible and then proceeding to larger cells. The split among the available
RATGs in a given radio environment is done through the input parameter “distribution ratio among
available RATGs”.
Step 5
The capacity calculation algorithm is used to estimate the required system capacity to support the
forecasted traffic in the radio environments of RATG 1 and RATG 2 in different teledensities.
The capacity calculation algorithm includes two distinct approaches depending on the transmission
scheme deployed for the service category. For reservation-based service categories, the capacity
calculation algorithm uses the multi-dimensional Erlang-B formula, which is an extension of the
well-known Erlang-B formula using blocking probability as the QoS indicator. The algorithm
allows the system to consider multiple traffic classes with class-specific blocking requirements and
simultaneous occupation of several channels by each call. For packet-switched service categories,
the capacity calculation algorithm uses an M/G/1 queuing model with non-pre-emptive priorities
where a single server is used to serve the arriving packets of different service categories based on
their priorities. The mean delay is used as the QoS indicator.
Steps 6-9
The spectrum requirement calculation algorithm calculates the raw spectrum requirements from
the capacity requirements using spectral efficiency values. It then applies adjustments to the raw
spectrum requirements by taking into account the minimum amount of spectrum that is needed for
each radio environment in each RATG, the number of overlapping network deployments and
possible guard bands. The spectrum requirements of the different radio environments (cell layers)
are aggregated over the radio environments assuming that macro cells and micro cells require their
own spectrum in RATG 1 but pico cells and hot spots can share the spectrum with each other,
resulting in a total of three different deployment layers, each requiring their own frequency channel.
Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 assumes that there are three cell layers in RATG 1 that require
their own spectrum while frequency reuse equal to one is assumed for each specific cell layer so
that all macro cells, for example, use the same frequency.
The recent development of heterogeneous networks in IMT-Advanced is leading to the direction
that the different cell types are capable of being deployed within the same spectrum band more
efficiently than previously anticipated. Therefore the approach of three different cell layers,
each with its own dedicated spectrum is considered to be inaccurate for RATG 2 in 2020.
To better reflect the recent developments in spectrum sharing between cell layers, the requirement
calculation algorithm in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 assumes only two separate cell layers
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 7

with their own spectrum for RATG 2, where larger cells (macro cells and micro cells) would use the
same set of frequencies while small cells (pico cells and hot spots) would use another set of
frequencies typically from the higher frequency bands.

3.4 Market and technology development

Mobile data offloading is an important topic in response to the growing data rate demand.
Offloading in general aims at transferring data from larger cells in the cellular networks to smaller
cells (including different RATGs like RATG 3 (RLAN)). The two main approaches for offloading
are a) from cellular networks to RLAN and b) within the cellular networks from larger cells to
smaller cells using lower power. Both of these offloading approaches are taken into account in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 at the point where the traffic is distributed to different radio
environments (cell types) and RATGs (IMT, RLAN etc.). The influence of mobile data offloading
from large cells to small cells inside the IMT system is taken into account in the traffic distribution
to radio environments, which already favours smaller cells in the traffic allocation.
The influence of the mobile data offloading from IMT systems to RLAN corresponds to the
situation in which traffic is transferred from RATGs 1 and 2 to RATG 3 in the methodology. This is
done by using the parameter “distribution ratio among available RATGs” that splits the traffic of
a given service category to each RATG in the case that multiple RATGs are available in the given
radio environment. It should be noted that a change in this parameter value does not necessarily
result in a substantial change in the final adjusted spectrum requirement as it influences the splitting
of the traffic of each service category. It does not denote the overall splitting of the total traffic
volume among the different RATGs but it is used to split the traffic of each service category
separately in the case when there are multiple RATGs available in the given radio environment.
There may be different radio environments and RATGs available for the different service categories
depending on their capabilities and requirements and thus the influence of the change in this
parameter value is not always directly visible.

4 Input parameters
The spectrum requirement estimation methodology in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 uses
a number of input parameters, which are summarized in Fig. 4. Here the input parameters have been
categorised into market-related input parameters, service category parameters, radio-related input
parameters, and other parameters.
8 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

FIGURE 4
Classification of input parameters to the spectrum requirement estimation methodology

4.1 Market-related input parameters

4.1.1 Service category definitions
Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 classifies service categories (SC) into reservation-based and
packet-switched based transmission schemes through which they are delivered. Conversational and
streaming traffic classes are assumed to be delivered through the reservation-based transmission
scheme while interactive and background traffic classes are delivered through the packet-switched
transmission scheme.
4.1.2 Market related parameters
Market related parameters include user density, session arrival rate per user, average session
duration, mean service bit rate, and mobility ratios. They are used in the calculation of the traffic
demand in Step 3 in Fig. 3. Mean service bit rate is also used as an input to the capacity calculation
of reservation-based service categories.
The unique values for the market parameters selected from the ranges given in Report
ITU-R M.2072 are determined through percentage values (0-100). Percentage value 0 means the
minimum value inside the range defined by Report ITU-R M.2072 and 100 means the maximum
value inside the range defined by Report ITU-R M.2072. The traffic calculation for reservation-
based SCs is done as a multiplication of user density (U), session arrival rate per user (Q),
and average session duration (μ). The traffic calculation for packet-switched SCs is done as
a multiplication of user density (U), session arrival rate per user (Q), mean service bit rate (R),
and average session duration (μ).
Additionally, for market parameter “mobility ratios”, three scenarios are considered: lowest (1),
medium (2) and highest mobility scenario (3).
Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 defines a splitting factor “J-value” for mapping of mobility
classes from the market studies in Report ITU-R M.2072 to the mobility classes defined and used in
the methodology in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1, since the mobility classes and their
definitions were different (in Report ITU-R M.2072). The J-value is used to split the traffic of
“high” mobility class from market studies into the “low” and “high” classes so that the fraction J of
the traffic goes to class “low” and the fraction (1-J) goes to traffic class “high”.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 9

The recent mobile telecommunication market developments in Report ITU-R M.2243 indicate that
forecasts prior to WRC-07 might have underestimated the actual market development. The actual
market-related parameters values should thus be higher than those used in Report ITU-R M.2078.
In order to reflect the increasing traffic demand, new updated market attributes for the lower user
density and higher user density settings are provided, where the following rationale behind these
figures aims to justify the selection of these parameters.
The use of two market settings, lower and higher user density settings, permits modelling of the
differences in markets between different countries. The two settings will result in two final
spectrum requirements for IMT systems and the needs of the different countries could lie between
these two extremes. This approach was taken in Report ITU-R M.2078 where the user density was
considered to be the main differentiator when considering the different market settings. Session
arrival rate per user, mean service bit rate, and average session duration are expected to possess
similar characteristics in the different deployments.
Moreover, the traffic (for packet-switching) is calculated as the multiplication of these four market
parameters and if all are changed at the same time, the resulting traffic calculation may become
unnecessarily complicated. Therefore, the user density is the only market setting parameter that
differs in the different market settings (i.e. lower and higher user density settings).
Based on the aggregate traffic volumes in 2010 from Report ITU-R M.2078, the new traffic
volumes for the spectrum requirement estimations in 2020 are derived by considering traffic growth
ratios from the market studies presented in Report ITU-R M.2243, where several mobile traffic
forecasts beyond 2010 provided by different organizations are summarized (Fig. 8 of the Report).
Most of these forecasts consider the mobile traffic in the years 2011-2015, while only one covers
the year 2020, anticipating a 33-fold traffic growth ratio in 2020 compared to 2010. Therefore,
in order to have a more reliable estimate in 2020, Fig. 5 below was prepared by extrapolating the
traffic forecasts for the years 2011-2015 from Report ITU-R M.2243.
Two such forecasts, having the highest and lowest traffic growths, respectively, were selected and
extrapolated towards 2020 by using the 2nd-order polynomial function (y = ax2+bx+c). As indicated
in Fig. 5, the estimated traffic in 2020 exhibits a 25 to 100-fold growth ratio compared to 2010.
It should be noted that the above mentioned forecast anticipating a 33-fold traffic growth ratio falls
into this estimated traffic growth range and another function (y = axr + b) also provides similar
extrapolation results up to 2020. Furthermore, it should be noted that the 2nd-order polynomial
function estimates conservative traffic growth, while the 3rd- and 4th-order polynomial functions
provide more aggressive growths corresponding to approximately 40 to 170-fold and 80 to 240-fold
growth ratios, respectively3.

3 Details can be found in the Annex 3 – Mobile traffic forecasts towards 2020 by extrapolation.
10 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

FIGURE 5
Mobile traffic forecasts toward 2020 by extrapolation

Traffic increasing ratio compared to 2010 120

Highest growth forecast in M.2243
Lowest growth forecast in M.2243
100
x80 (75% value of the
80 estimated range)

x44 (25% value of Estimated

60 the estimated range) growth range

40 Extrapolated

20

0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Year

Based on the above Figure, two traffic growth ratios of 44- and 80-fold were used to define the
market attributes for lower and higher user density settings in Tables A.1 and A.2 in Annex 1 to this
Report, respectively. These ratios correspond to the 25% and the 75% values of the estimated
growth range and are selected based on the following reasoning: for the year 2020, the median
traffic growth will fall in between the lowest (red curve) and highest (blue curve) growths; adding
25% to the middle value of the estimated range yields the 80-fold increase, while subtracting 25%
from the middle value of the estimated range yields the 44-fold increase. Note that the curves for
other traffic growth estimates will fall in between these two curves (but are not shown in Fig. 1 for
sake of clarity – rather they appear in Fig. C.1 in Annex 3), so the addition to/subtraction from the
middle value of the estimated range of 25% is reasonable.

4.2 Service category parameters

4.2.1 Maximum allowable blocking probability for reservation-based service categories
The maximum allowable blocking probability parameter is used as a QoS indicator for
reservation-based service categories. It is used in the calculation of the capacity requirement of the
reservation-based SCs in Step 5 of the methodology in Fig. 3. Note that the concept of blocking also
applies to reservation-based traffic management since, typically, an admission control function
implies that newly arriving sessions might be blocked (otherwise the guaranteed QoS for existing
sessions cannot be maintained/guaranteed).
The input values of the maximum allowable blocking probability for reservation-based service
categories used in the spectrum requirements calculations are summarized in Table A.3 in Annex 1
to this Report.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 11

4.2.2 Parameters for packet-switched service categories

The calculation of the capacity requirements of packet-switched SCs requires the following service
category parameters:
– maximum allowable mean packet delay;
– mean packet size; and
– second moment of packet size.
The maximum allowable mean packet delay is the QoS indicator and describes the allowable delay
for handling of the packets in the packet-switched SCs. The mean packet size and the second
moment of the packet size describe the packet size distribution and are needed in the queuing theory
model used for the capacity calculation.
The input values for the parameters for packet-switched service categories used in the spectrum
requirements calculations are summarized in Tables A.4, A.5 and A.6 in Annex 1 to this Report.
It should be noted that the difference in the mean delay requirements per service category in
Table A.6 from Report ITU-R M.2078 is related to the fact that mean delay requirements less than
one millisecond are seen to be too low from a practical radio system point of view for IMT.
Therefore, the mean delay requirements are updated compared to those given in Report
ITU-R M.2078 as seen in Table A.6.

4.3 Radio-related parameters

The spectrum requirement estimation methodology in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 uses
radio-related input parameters that are defined in Report ITU-R M.2074. The radio parameters are
used to model real-life wireless networks in a highly simplified fashion via the RATG approach
(described in § 3.2). The radio parameters are interrelated and their values should be derived using
the same framework including propagation conditions, interference situations, QoS criteria, and
system characteristics. If one of the radio parameters is changed, others may also be influenced. For
example, an improvement in the application data rates could be achieved with reduced cell area.
Therefore, it is important to consider the parameter values jointly, if updates are required.
4.3.1 Cell area
The cell area parameter presents the area covered by macro cell, micro cell, pico cell and hot spot
radio environments in different teledensities (examples being dense urban, suburban and rural).
The cell area is independent of the RATGs but different in different teledensities. It is used in the
calculation of the traffic in each cell (bit/s/cell) in Step 3 of the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3.
The cell area parameter characterises a generalised situation for RATGs operating below 6 GHz as
described in Report ITU-R M.2074. In the derivation of the cell areas, typical operational frequency
ranges were considered for the different cell types.
The input values for cell area per radio environment used in the spectrum requirements calculations
are summarized in Table A.7 in Annex 1.
4.3.2 Area spectral efficiency
The area spectral efficiency is expressed in bit/s/Hz/cell and describes how efficiently a RATG can
use its available spectrum in terms of the data rate per bandwidth per cell. It is used to transform the
capacity requirements into unadjusted spectrum requirements by dividing the capacity requirement
per cell by the corresponding spectral efficiency. This corresponds to Step 6 of the methodology
flow chart in Fig. 3.
12 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

The area spectral efficiency is calculated from the mean data throughput achieved over all users
homogeneously distributed in the cell at the IP layer for packet-switched SCs and at the application
layer for reservation-based SCs. The spectral efficiency is independent of the link direction.
The input values for the area spectral efficiency used in the spectrum requirements calculations are
summarized in Tables A.12 and A.13 in Annex 1.
4.3.3 Other radio-related input parameters
Application data rate is used in the methodology in the distribution of traffic to radio
environments and RATGs in Step 4 of the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3. The mean service bit
rate requirement of each service category is compared to the application data rate of the RATG in
the given radio environment to determine whether the given service category can be supported in
the given radio environment of the given RATG.
Supported mobility classes are used in the traffic distribution part in Step 4 of the methodology
flow chart in Fig. 3. They are used to split the traffic of each service category among the different
available radio environments based on the mobility patterns of the service category and the
capabilities of the radio environments. Small cells can only support lower mobility while larger
cells can also support higher mobility.
Minimum deployment per operator per radio environment is used in the adjustment of the
spectrum requirements in Step 7 of the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3. It describes the minimum
amount of spectrum needed by an operator to build a practical network with given RATG
technology for a given radio environment.
Granularity of deployment per operator per radio environment is used for increments of the
spectrum requirements. The minimum deployment parameter is closely related to the application
data rate parameter, as it needs to ensure that the given application data rate is supported in the
given radio environment.
Guard band between operators is used in Step 8 of the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3 to take
into account the excess bandwidth that needs to be left between the bands of two operators to avoid
harmful interference. If the number of overlapping network deployments is equal to one, the guard
band between operators does not influence the results.
Number of overlapping network deployments denotes the number of networks of the same
RATG typically operated by different operators that do not share the spectrum. This parameter is
used in the calculation of the adjusted spectrum requirements in Steps 7 and 8 of the methodology
flow chart in Fig. 3. If the number of overlapping network deployments is equal to one, it does not
influence the results. When there are multiple overlapping network deployments, the raw spectrum
requirement is first divided among the different network deployments. Adjustments are then applied
in the form of minimum deployment per operator per radio environment and guard bands between
operators and the spectrum requirements are aggregated over the overlapping network deployments.
Support for multicast parameter denotes whether a given RATG can provide multicast
transmission, i.e. transmit multicast traffic to multiple users simultaneously. It is used in Step 4 of
the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3 in the traffic distribution where the distribution is done
separately for unicast and multicast traffic.
The input values for these other radio input parameters used in the spectrum requirements
calculations are summarized in Tables A.8, A.9, A.10 and A.11 in Annex 1.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 13

4.4 Other parameters

4.4.1 Population coverage percentage
The population coverage percentage parameter is used in the traffic distribution part of the
methodology where the traffic is distributed to different radio environments and RATGs in Step 4
of the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3. The population coverage percentage denotes the ratio of
the population that is in the service area of a given radio environment in a given service
environment. It puts a limit to the fraction of traffic that can be distributed to a given radio
environment.
The input values for the population coverage percentage used in the spectrum requirements
calculations are summarized in Table A.14 in Annex 1.
4.4.2 Distribution ratios among available RATGs
The distribution ratios among available RATGs are used to distribute traffic among different
RATGs in Step 4 of the methodology flow chart in Fig. 3. This parameter influences the splitting of
the traffic of a given service category between the different RATGs when multiple RATGs are
available to support the service category in the given radio environment. This traffic distribution
step in the methodology takes into account the mobile data offloading from IMT to RLAN, i.e. from
RATG 1 and RATG 2 to RATG 3. As discussed there, it should be noted that a change in this
parameter value does not necessarily result in a substantial change in the final adjusted spectrum
requirement as it influences the splitting of the traffic of each service category. This parameter does
not denote the overall splitting of the total traffic volume among the different RATGs but it is used
to split the traffic of each service category separately in the case when there are multiple RATGs
available in the given radio environment. There may be different radio environments and RATGs
available for the different service categories depending on their capabilities and requirements and
thus the influence of the change in this parameter value is not always directly visible.
The input values for the population coverage percentage used in the spectrum requirements
calculations are summarized in Table A.15 in Annex 1.

5 Estimated spectrum requirements

The spectrum requirements are calculated for RATG 1 (i.e. pre-IMT, IMT-2000, and its
enhancements) and RATG 2 (i.e. IMT-Advanced) for the year 2020. The spectrum requirements are
calculated using the methodology defined in Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 and the input
parameter values given in § 4 and the Annexes of this Report.
There are differences in the markets and deployments and timings of the mobile data growth in
different countries.
Therefore, two settings are developed to characterise lower and higher user density settings as
explained in § 4.1.3. These two sets of market study input parameter values are considered in the
calculations to characterise differences in the user densities in different countries.
Table 1 shows the calculated spectrum requirements for both RATGs 1 and 2.
14 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE 1
Total spectrum requirements for both RATG 1 and RATG 2 in the year 2020
Total spectrum Total spectrum Total spectrum
requirements for requirements for requirements
RATG 1 RATG 2 RATGs 1 and 2
Lower user density
440 MHz 900 MHz 1 340 MHz
settings
Higher user density
540 MHz 1 420 MHz 1 960 MHz
settings

In some countries, national spectrum requirement can be lower than the estimate derived by lower
user density settings and in some other countries, national spectrum requirement can be higher than
the estimate derived by higher user density settings.

6 Conclusions
This Report provides results of studies on estimated spectrum requirements for terrestrial IMT.
The estimated spectrum requirements are calculated using the methodology defined in
Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 and the corresponding input parameter values, taking into
account recent advances in technologies and the deployments of terrestrial IMT networks as well as
recent developments in mobile telecommunication markets.
The total spectrum requirements for both RATG 1 (i.e. pre-IMT, IMT-2000, and its enhancements)
and RATG 2 (i.e. IMT-Advanced) in the year 2020 are estimated using the two different settings in
order to reflect differences in the markets and deployments and timings of the mobile data growth in
different countries. The estimated total spectrum requirements for both the RATGs 1 and 2 are
1 340 MHz and 1 960 MHz for lower user density settings and higher user density settings,
respectively.

Annexes: 4
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 15

Annex 1

Input parameter values used in the spectrum requirements calculation

A.1 Market-related input parameters

TABLE A.1
J-values for mapping of mobility classes in different service environments
Service environment m Jm-value
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 1
5 0.5
6 0

TABLE A.2
(a) Market attributes in 2020 for lower user density settings4
SC U (%) Q (%) R (%) µ(%) Mobility ratio
1 25 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
2 25 40 40 40 2
3 25 40 40 40 2
4 25 40 40 40 2
5 25 40 40 40 2
6 25 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
7 25 40 40 40 2
8 25 40 40 40 2
9 25 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
10 25 40 40 40 2
11 25 40 40 40 1
12 25 40 40 40 2
13 25 40 40 40 2
14 25 40 40 40 2
15 25 40 40 40 2
16 25 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
17 25 40 40 40 2
18 25 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
19 25 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
20 25 40 40 40 2

4 The exact values of the market attributes corresponding to the lower user density settings are shown in
Table B.1 in Annex 2.
16 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE A.2 (end)

(b) Market attributes in 2020 for higher user density settings5

SC U (%) Q (%) R (%) μ (%) Mobility ratio

1 46 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
2 46 40 40 40 2
3 46 40 40 40 2
4 46 40 40 40 2
5 46 40 40 40 2
6 46 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
7 46 40 40 40 2
8 46 40 40 40 2
9 46 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
10 46 40 40 40 2
11 46 40 40 40 1
12 46 40 40 40 2
13 46 40 40 40 2
14 46 40 40 40 2
15 46 40 40 40 2
16 46 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
17 46 40 40 40 2
18 46 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
19 46 40 40 40 2 (No range M.2072)
20 46 40 40 40 2

A.2 Service category parameters

TABLE A.3
Maximum allowable blocking probability for reservation-based service categories
Traffic class
Parameter Conversational Streaming
SC1 – SC5 SC6 – SC10
Blocking probability 0.01 0.01

5 The exact values of the market attributes corresponding to the higher user density settings are shown in
Table B.2 in Annex 2.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 17

TABLE A.4
Mean IP packet size per service category for the year 2020 (unit: byte/packet)
Traffic class
Conversational Streaming Interactive Background
Service type
Super-high multimedia Treated as Treated as reservation- 3 292.23 3 054.00
reservation-based* based*
High multimedia Treated as Treated as reservation- 1847.82 3 307.86
reservation-based* based*
Medium multimedia Treated as Treated as reservation- 1 021.60 1 369.33
reservation-based* based*
Low rate data and low Treated as Treated as reservation- 102.56 235.50
multimedia reservation-based* based*
Very low rate data Treated as Treated as reservation- 47.61 235.50
reservation-based* based*
* Refers to circuit switched emulation.

TABLE A.5
Second moment of the IP packet size per service category for the year 2020
(unit: byte²/packet2)
Traffic class
Conversational Streaming Interactive Background
Service type

Super-high multimedia Treated as Treated as 27 552 481.16 20 332 660.50

reservation-based* reservation-based*

High multimedia Treated as Treated as 15349865.20 27 691 445.33

reservation-based* reservation-based*

Medium multimedia Treated as Treated as 6 592 429.07 11 523 733.33

reservation-based* reservation-based*

Low rate data and low Treated as Treated as 138 595.74 1 827 768.50
multimedia reservation-based* reservation-based*

Very low rate data Treated as Treated as 36 019.39 1 827 768.50

reservation-based* reservation-based*
* Refers to circuit switched emulation.
18 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE A.6
Mean delay requirements per service category for the year 2020 (unit: ms/packet)
Traffic class
Conversational Streaming Interactive Background
Service type

Super-high multimedia Treated as reservation- Treated as reservation- 20 20

based* based*

High multimedia Treated as reservation- Treated as reservation- 20 20

based* based*

Medium multimedia Treated as reservation- Treated as reservation- 20 20

based* based*

Low rate data and low Treated as reservation- Treated as reservation- 20 20

multimedia based* based*

Very low rate data Treated as reservation- Treated as reservation- 20 20

based* based*

* Refers to circuit switched emulation.

A.3 Radio-related parameters

TABLE A.7
Assumed cell area per radio environment (km2) (with penetration loss)
Teledensity
Radio environment
Dense urban Suburban Rural
Macro cell 0.10 0.15 0.87
Micro cell 0.07 0.10 0.15
Pico cell 0.0016 0.0016 0.0016
Hot spot 0.000065 0.000065 0.000065
NOTE – Hot spots are geographically isolated from each other.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 19

TABLE A.8
Radio parameters for RATG 1
Parameters Macro cell Micro cell Pico cell Hot spot
Application data rate (Mbit/s) 20 40 40 40
Supported mobility classes Stationary/ Stationary/ Stationary/ Stationary/
pedestrian, pedestrian, pedestrian pedestrian
low, high low
Guard band between operators (MHz) 0
Minimum deployment per operator per 20 20 20 20
radio environment (MHz)
Granularity of deployment per operator 20 20 20 20
per radio environment (MHz)
Support for multicast Yes
Number of overlapping network 1
deployment

TABLE A.9
Radio parameters for RATG 2
Parameters Macro cell Micro cell Pico cell Hot spot
Application data rate (Mbit/s) 50 100 1 000 1 000
Supported mobility classes Stationary/ Stationary/ Stationary/ Stationary/
pedestrian, pedestrian, pedestrian pedestrian
low, high low
Guard band between operators (MHz) 0
Support for multicast Yes
Minimum deployment per operator per 20 20 120 120
radio environment (MHz)
Granularity of deployment per operator 20 20 20 20
per radio environment (MHz)
Number of overlapping network 1
deployment

TABLE A.10
Radio parameters for RATG 3
Parameters Macro cell Micro cell Pico cell Hot spot
Application data rate (Mbit/s) – – 50 500
Supported mobility classes – – Stationary/ Stationary/
pedestrian pedestrian
Support for multicast (yes=1, no=0) Yes
20 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE A.11
Radio parameters for RATG 4
Parameters Macro cell
Application data rate (Mbit/s) 2
Supported mobility classes Stationary/pedestrian,
low, high

TABLE A.12
Area spectral efficiency for RATG 1 in 2020 (bit/s/Hz/cell)
Unicast area spectral efficiency Multicast area spectral efficiency
(bit/s/Hz/cell) (bit/s/Hz/cell)

Radio environments Radio environments

Tele- Tele-
density Macro Micro Pico Hot density Macro Micro Pico Hot
cell cell cell spot cell cell cell spot
Dense Dense
2 4 4 4 1 2 2 2
urban urban
Suburban 2 4 4 4 Suburban 1 2 2 2
Rural 2 4 4 4 Rural 1 2 2 2

TABLE A.13
Area spectral efficiency for RATG 2 in 2020 (bit/s/Hz/cell)
Unicast area spectral efficiency Multicast area spectral efficiency
(bit/s/Hz/cell) (bit/s/Hz/cell)

Radio environments Radio environments

Tele- Tele-
density Macro Micro Pico Hot density Macro Micro Pico Hot
cell cell cell spot cell cell cell spot
Dense Dense
4 5 5 7.3 2.25 3 3.75 4.5
urban urban
Suburban 4 5 5 7.3 Suburban 2.25 3 3.75 4.5
Rural 4 5 5 7.3 Rural 2.25 3 3.75 4.5

NOTE – The spectrum efficiency values in Tables A.12 and A.13 are to be used only for spectrum
requirement estimation by Recommendation ITU-R M.1768. These values are based on a full buffer traffic
model in accordance with Report ITU-R M.2135. They are combined with the values of many other
parameters within the Recommendation ITU-R M.1768 methodology to develop spectrum requirement
estimate for IMT. In practice, such spectrum efficiency values are unlikely to be achieved due to the random
nature of traffic, errors caused by radio channel conditions or packet losses. Furthermore, stochastic ‘file
transfer’ simulation models show that actual spectral efficiency values are lower than the values shown in
Tables A.12 and A.13 above, depending on inter-site distance.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 21

A.4 Other parameters

TABLE A.14
Population coverage percentage (%) of the radio environments in each
service environment in 2020
Service Radio environments 2020
environment Macro cell Micro cell Pico cell Hot spot
1 100 90 20 80
2 100 90 20 80
3 100 95 40 40
4 100 35 0 80
5 100 50 35 20
6 100 0 10 50

TABLE A.15
Distribution ratios among available RAT groups in 20206
Distribution ratio (%)
Available RAT groups
RATG 1 RATG 2 RATG 3
1 100 – –
2 100
3 – – 100
1,2 10 90 –
1,3 10 – 90
2,3 – 50 50
1,2,3 10 50 40

6 The Recommendation ITU-R M.1768-1 methodology did not include a specific parameter or
model that would easily allow considerations of the influence of the offloading effect. Table 24c
corresponds to cases where several RATGs are supported in the same radio environment for
a given service category and indicates how the traffic is split in those circumstances.
In the case that RATGs 1, 2 and 3 are all available and if distribution ratio to RATG 3 decreases
(while distribution ratio to RATG 2 increases), then traffic demands of RATG 2 in the Picocell
and Hot spot would increase significantly. For example, when distribution ratio to RATG 3
decreases from 40% to 10% (less mobile offloading to RLAN) and RATG 2 distribution ratio
would be 80% then traffic in Pico cell and Hot spot would increase by about 40-60 %. As a
single input parameter, a change in the traffic distribution ratios when RATGs 1, 2 and 3 are
available will not necessarily have an impact on overall spectrum requirements.
22 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

Annex 2

Real values of market attributes used in the spectrum

requirements calculation

TABLE B.1
(a) Market attribute in year 2020 for unicast downlink (lower user density settings)
Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
1 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 1 4 730.0 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 17 062.5 0.8 13 920.0 611.4 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3 10 216.8 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 4 1 419.0 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5 3 789.3 0.8 13 920.0 607.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 6 283.8 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 1 18 096.0 0.4 648.0 241.4 69.0 21.0 10.0 0.0
3 2 35 528.0 0.6 482.4 246.4 69.0 26.0 5.0 0.0
3 3 26 291.5 0.3 593.2 156.2 47.0 43.0 10.0 0.0
3 4 2 338.5 0.9 365.6 235.6 65.5 22.0 12.5 0.0
3 5 5 266.3 1.2 345.6 189.6 49.0 16.0 30.0 5.0
3 6 387.8 0.4 355.2 174.8 46.0 11.5 35.0 7.5
4 1 13 089.8 1.3 96.0 1 047.6 73.8 11.9 9.5 4.8
4 2 13 128.0 1.3 96.0 1 047.6 73.1 16.5 5.7 4.7
4 3 17 421.0 1.3 126.0 1 067.4 49.8 32.3 13.4 4.6
4 4 14.3 1.5 96.0 1 047.6 69.0 14.3 11.9 4.8
4 5 33.8 1.4 111.0 1 055.4 54.3 9.5 31.7 4.5
4 6 14.5 1.4 102.4 1 050.6 50.7 8.2 33.8 7.2
5 1 37 575.8 1.2 16.0 282.0 62.6 22.4 9.3 5.6
5 2 68 203.0 1.7 16.0 281.6 62.0 25.5 6.9 5.6
5 3 45 589.3 1.3 15.4 302.8 37.7 42.5 14.2 5.7
5 4 4 373.8 2.1 15.4 261.4 59.0 23.6 11.8 5.7
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 23

TABLE B.1 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
5 5 8 709.5 2.8 12.4 306.8 34.1 23.4 36.6 5.9
5 6 842.8 2.1 15.4 260.8 36.1 18.3 36.1 9.6
6 1 1 743.0 0.0 418 000.0 150.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
6 2 1 743.0 0.0 418 000.0 150.0 55.0 35.0 10.0 0.0
6 3 2 324.0 0.0 418 000.0 150.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
6 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 1 5 080.5 0.0 3 103.0 1 190.4 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
7 2 13 683.0 0.8 9 779.0 1 457.4 72.1 22.4 5.0 0.5
7 3 2 971.8 0.2 13 953.8 640.0 32.0 42.5 18.0 7.5
7 4 917.0 0.0 3 000.0 1 440.0 45.0 30.0 25.0 0.0
7 5 44.3 1.2 12 680.4 653.8 48.5 13.7 30.9 6.9
7 6 187.0 0.0 3 565.6 1 317.6 5.5 10.0 69.5 15.0
8 1 15 782.5 0.2 886.4 128.0 72.5 17.5 10.0 0.0
8 2 15 861.0 1.0 1 030.4 595.6 63.9 19.8 8.8 7.5
8 3 21 320.3 0.9 1 030.4 595.6 46.1 36.9 9.2 7.8
8 4 21.0 0.4 384.0 158.0 67.5 20.0 12.5 0.0
8 5 68.5 1.1 1 030.4 604.8 46.3 18.1 27.8 7.9
8 6 9.0 0.8 1 030.4 604.8 38.5 17.6 36.2 7.7
9 1 309.0 0.8 144.0 20.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 2 412.0 1.2 144.0 79.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 79.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
9 4 52.0 0.8 144.0 20.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 5 103.0 1.2 144.0 79.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 0.0
9 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 20.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
10 1 206.0 0.8 16.0 4.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
10 2 309.0 1.2 16.0 4.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
10 3 52.0 0.4 16.0 4.0 70.0 20.0 10.0 0.0
10 4 52.0 0.8 16.0 4.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
10 5 52.0 1.2 16.0 4.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
10 6 10.0 0.4 16.0 4.0 65.0 20.0 10.0 5.0
11 1 27.8 0.0 418 000.0 24.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
11 2 43.5 0.4 418 000.0 89.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
24 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.1 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
11 3 18 793.8 0.4 90 209.6 8.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
11 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 5 6 950.8 0.9 253 986.8 65.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 6 521.0 0.4 89 978.0 8.0 5.0 10.0 70.0 15.0
12 1 35 244.0 3.7 14 115.8 36.8 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
12 2 120 974.5 3.3 13 830.2 81.0 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
12 3 82 235.8 2.9 14 357.4 80.6 46.0 44.0 10.0 0.0
12 4 10 549.5 3.7 12 531.4 26.6 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
12 5 30 422.0 2.9 12 528.0 26.6 42.5 20.0 32.5 5.0
12 6 2 373.3 3.3 12 609.6 26.6 40.5 15.0 37.0 7.5
13 1 14 325.3 0.3 1 453.0 171.4 65.1 23.3 11.6 0.0
13 2 14 293.5 0.6 1 453.4 170.8 64.7 29.9 5.4 0.0
13 3 17 566.0 0.3 1 451.8 177.4 36.5 45.7 17.8 0.0
13 4 75.5 1.2 1 449.8 194.8 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
13 5 110.8 1.9 1 449.8 193.6 40.0 20.0 35.0 5.0
13 6 24.5 1.4 1 356.8 197.2 36.0 15.0 40.0 9.0
14 1 15 514.5 0.3 123.6 35.8 67.2 22.4 10.0 0.5
14 2 15 514.5 0.3 124.8 35.4 67.2 27.4 5.0 0.5
14 3 26 031.8 0.3 191.0 413.8 26.0 62.5 11.0 0.5
14 4 67.3 0.6 62.4 84.2 61.3 22.1 12.3 4.4
14 5 2 977.3 0.3 189.4 1 303.0 35.0 60.0 5.0 0.0
14 6 233.3 0.3 189.8 1 131.8 32.7 59.8 5.0 2.5
15 1 13 139.8 2.5 13.0 37.0 66.5 22.2 9.9 1.5
15 2 41 089.8 3.5 10.6 42.6 67.2 27.4 5.0 0.5
15 3 25 608.0 2.1 32.4 40.2 33.3 38.2 26.5 2.0
15 4 3 382.0 2.7 10.0 34.6 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
15 5 9 313.8 3.5 72.4 36.4 44.0 12.5 39.5 4.0
15 6 702.8 2.7 98.0 37.6 34.5 14.0 41.0 10.5
16 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 2 52.0 0.8 20 000.0 222.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 5 10.0 0.8 20 000.0 222.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 25

TABLE B.1 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
16 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
17 1 4 493.3 1.0 11 426.0 43.6 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
17 2 16 242.8 1.1 11 369.6 182.0 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
17 3 2 969.5 1.1 12 308.2 120.8 10.5 69.5 20.0 0.0
17 4 1 309.8 1.0 10 890.6 42.8 45.0 30.0 25.0 0.0
17 5 1 044.0 1.6 11 216.6 234.2 45.0 20.0 30.0 5.0
17 6 262.5 1.0 11 202.6 43.6 5.0 10.0 70.0 15.0
18 1 618.0 0.4 574.0 82.0 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
18 2 1 339.0 4.1 595.0 153.0 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
18 3 21.0 0.4 990.0 23.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 4 103.0 0.4 1 030.0 72.0 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
18 5 72.0 4.1 653.0 148.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 6 10.0 0.4 1 030.0 72.0 32.5 15.0 42.5 10.0
19 1 515.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 2 1 030.0 1.2 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
19 4 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 5 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
19 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
20 1 1 030.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 2 1 030.0 1.2 16.0 41.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 3 103.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
20 4 103.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 5 52.0 1.2 16.0 41.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
20 6 10.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
26 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.1 (continued)

(b) Market attribute in year 2020 for unicast uplink (lower user density settings)
Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
1 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 1 52.0 0.4 20 000.0 7 406.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 57.0 1.2 20 000.0 265.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 4 21.0 0.4 20 000.0 7 406.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5 10.0 1.2 20 000.0 35.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 6 1.0 0.4 20 000.0 7 406.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 1 18 389.3 0.4 635.2 269.8 69.0 21.0 10.0 0.0
3 2 35 875.3 0.6 407.2 254.8 69.5 25.5 5.0 0.0
3 3 26 338.0 0.3 494.8 201.0 46.5 43.5 10.0 0.0
3 4 2 415.8 0.9 345.6 256.8 66.0 21.5 12.5 0.0
3 5 5 309.0 1.2 345.6 221.6 49.0 16.0 30.0 5.0
3 6 389.3 0.4 345.6 194.0 46.0 11.5 35.0 7.5
4 1 13 089.8 1.3 96.0 4 010.0 73.8 11.9 9.5 4.8
4 2 13 128.0 1.3 96.0 4 010.0 73.1 16.5 5.7 4.7
4 3 17 421.0 1.3 2 614.4 4 029.8 49.8 32.3 13.4 4.6
4 4 14.3 1.5 96.0 4 010.0 69.0 14.3 11.9 4.8
4 5 33.8 1.4 1 266.0 4 017.8 54.3 9.5 31.7 4.5
4 6 14.5 1.4 609.2 4 013.0 50.7 8.2 33.8 7.2
5 1 37 575.8 1.2 16.0 282.0 62.6 22.4 9.3 5.6
5 2 68 203.0 1.7 16.0 281.6 62.0 25.5 6.9 5.6
5 3 45 589.3 1.3 15.4 302.8 37.7 42.5 14.2 5.7
5 4 4 373.8 2.1 15.4 261.4 59.0 23.6 11.8 5.7
5 5 8 709.5 2.8 12.4 306.8 34.1 23.4 36.6 5.9
5 6 842.8 2.1 15.4 260.8 36.1 18.3 36.1 9.6
6 1 1 743.0 0.0 401 966.2 150.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
6 2 1 743.0 0.0 401 966.2 150.0 55.0 35.0 10.0 0.0
6 3 2 324.0 0.0 401 966.2 150.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 27

TABLE B.1 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
6 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 1 11 366.8 0.2 3 205.0 467.2 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
7 2 35 845.3 1.2 9 914.0 518.0 65.9 20.7 7.4 6.0
7 3 23 151.5 0.3 3 861.0 478.4 32.0 42.5 18.0 7.5
7 4 2 802.8 0.3 3 195.2 470.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 5 7 518.3 1.3 9 914.6 514.8 48.5 13.7 30.9 6.9
7 6 564.3 0.3 3 258.6 470.8 28.5 12.0 44.0 15.5
8 1 15 782.5 0.2 845.6 66.6 72.5 17.5 10.0 0.0
8 2 15 861.0 1.0 1 030.4 524.2 70.0 21.7 6.3 1.9
8 3 21 320.3 0.9 1 030.4 524.2 48.3 38.6 9.7 3.4
8 4 21.0 0.4 384.0 39.0 67.5 20.0 12.5 0.0
8 5 68.5 1.1 1 030.4 533.4 50.0 15.0 30.0 5.0
8 6 9.0 0.8 1 030.4 533.4 42.5 10.0 40.0 7.5
9 1 309.0 0.8 144.0 30.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 2 412.0 1.2 144.0 118.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 118.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
9 4 52.0 0.8 144.0 30.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 5 103.0 1.2 144.0 118.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 0.0
9 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 30.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
10 1 2 934.5 0.9 12.4 1 445.4 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
10 2 10 239.8 1.1 12.4 1 445.4 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
10 3 6 043.8 0.6 12.4 1 445.4 40.0 45.0 15.0 0.0
10 4 873.0 0.9 12.4 1 445.4 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
10 5 2 263.0 1.1 12.4 1 445.4 35.0 20.0 40.0 5.0
10 6 174.3 0.6 12.4 1 445.4 35.0 15.0 40.0 10.0
11 1 27.8 0.0 403 932.4 24.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
11 2 43.5 0.4 403 932.4 33.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 3 37.0 0.0 403 932.4 24.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
11 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 5 5.0 0.8 500 000.0 15.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12 1 22 068.5 0.4 12 209.6 22.6 68.3 22.1 9.0 0.5
28 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.1 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
12 2 78 431.0 0.4 10 563.4 21.4 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
12 3 47 267.3 0.4 13 221.2 23.0 50.0 40.5 9.0 0.5
12 4 6 539.3 0.4 10 514.2 21.4 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
12 5 17 376.0 0.4 10 638.8 21.4 43.0 20.0 32.0 5.0
12 6 1 305.3 0.4 11 235.0 21.8 41.8 15.4 35.3 7.5
13 1 15 821.3 1.5 1 178.0 45.2 68.5 21.2 7.9 2.4
13 2 14 293.5 0.6 1 139.2 92.0 67.4 25.8 5.1 1.7
13 3 17 566.0 0.3 1 281.8 98.6 38.6 39.7 17.4 4.3
13 4 611.3 11.7 1 289.0 42.8 61.9 24.8 12.4 1.0
13 5 110.8 1.9 1 328.6 112.2 39.8 19.9 34.8 5.5
13 6 114.5 11.2 1 243.8 46.6 35.3 14.9 39.8 10.0
14 1 15 514.5 0.3 71.4 32.8 67.2 22.4 10.0 0.5
14 2 15 514.5 0.3 71.4 32.4 67.2 27.4 5.0 0.5
14 3 26 031.8 0.3 109.8 410.8 26.0 62.5 11.0 0.5
14 4 67.3 0.6 62.4 81.2 60.7 23.8 12.1 3.4
14 5 2 977.3 0.3 100.6 1 300.0 35.0 60.0 5.0 0.0
14 6 233.3 0.3 103.4 1 128.8 32.7 59.8 5.0 2.5
15 1 32 639.8 17.1 10.6 47.8 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
15 2 111 289.8 18.4 10.6 59.8 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
15 3 66 073.0 16.8 11.8 40.8 35.0 45.0 19.5 0.5
15 4 9 232.0 17.4 10.0 47.8 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
15 5 24 300.8 18.6 10.6 47.8 45.0 15.0 35.0 5.0
15 6 1 826.8 17.6 10.6 47.8 35.0 15.0 40.0 10.0
16 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 2 52.0 0.8 20 000.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 5 10.0 0.8 20 000.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
17 1 316.3 0.7 15 915.0 124.8 56.6 24.2 19.2 0.0
17 2 737.0 1.5 14 336.4 160.6 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
17 3 548.3 0.9 18 062.6 155.2 13.9 66.2 19.4 0.5
17 4 56.5 1.0 12 778.4 121.2 45.3 29.9 24.9 0.0
17 5 147.3 1.6 12 602.0 151.8 45.0 20.0 30.0 5.0
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 29

TABLE B.1 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
17 6 12.0 1.0 14 737.0 133.2 7.0 10.0 68.0 15.0
18 1 618.0 0.4 574.0 35.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
18 2 1 339.0 4.1 595.0 66.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
18 3 21.0 0.4 990.0 10.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 4 103.0 0.4 1 030.0 31.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
18 5 72.0 4.1 653.0 63.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 6 10.0 0.4 1 030.0 31.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
19 1 515.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 2 1 030.0 1.2 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
19 4 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 5 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
19 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
20 1 1 030.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 2 1 030.0 1.2 16.0 41.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 3 1 211.3 0.6 13.6 10.6 35.0 45.0 20.0 0.0
20 4 103.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 5 459.0 1.1 13.6 17.0 35.0 20.0 40.0 5.0
20 6 39.0 0.6 13.6 10.6 32.5 15.0 42.5 10.0

(c) Market attribute in year 2020 for multicast downlink (lower user density settings)
Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
2 1 51.5 0.4 20 000.0 14 812.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 10.3 1.7 20 000.0 5 554.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 4 20.6 0.4 20 000.0 14 812.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5 3.1 1.7 20 000.0 2 468.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 6 1.0 0.4 20 000.0 14 812.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 1 391.4 1.7 1 424.2 1 130.4 83.0 17.0 0.0 0.0
3 2 463.5 2.5 922.7 1 587.0 84.0 16.0 0.0 0.0
30 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.1 (end)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
3 3 61.8 1.7 1 192.0 617.2 82.0 18.0 0.0 0.0
3 4 103.0 5.4 731.7 1 026.4 86.0 14.0 0.0 0.0
3 5 56.7 5.8 623.4 1 388.6 87.0 13.0 0.0 0.0
3 6 2.7 3.3 679.9 922.5 87.0 13.0 0.0 0.0

TABLE B.2
(a) Market attribute in year 2020 for unicast downlink (higher user density settings)
Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
1 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 1 8 703.2 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 31 356.4 0.8 13 920.0 611.4 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3 18 798.8 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 4 2 611.0 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5 6 966.3 0.8 13 920.0 607.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 6 522.1 0.2 13 920.0 480.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 1 30 683.4 0.4 648.0 241.4 69.0 21.0 10.0 0.0
3 2 61 434.4 0.6 482.4 246.4 69.0 26.0 5.0 0.0
3 3 48 255.4 0.3 593.2 156.2 47.0 43.0 10.0 0.0
3 4 3 783.7 0.9 365.6 235.6 65.5 22.0 12.5 0.0
3 5 9 391.7 1.2 345.6 189.6 49.0 16.0 30.0 5.0
3 6 699.2 0.4 355.2 174.8 46.0 11.5 35.0 7.5
4 1 24 041.5 1.3 96.0 1 047.6 73.8 11.9 9.5 4.8
4 2 24 069.0 1.3 96.0 1 047.6 73.1 16.5 5.7 4.7
4 3 32 037.0 1.3 126.0 1 067.4 49.8 32.3 13.4 4.6
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 31

TABLE B.2 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
4 4 16.1 1.5 96.0 1 047.6 69.0 14.3 11.9 4.8
4 5 44.5 1.4 111.0 1 055.4 54.3 9.5 31.7 4.5
4 6 15.8 1.4 102.4 1 050.6 50.7 8.2 33.8 7.2
5 1 67 409.0 1.2 16.0 282.0 62.6 22.4 9.3 5.6
5 2 123 763.1 1.7 16.0 281.6 62.0 25.5 6.9 5.6
5 3 83 451.6 1.3 15.4 302.8 37.7 42.5 14.2 5.7
5 4 7 788.1 2.1 15.4 261.4 59.0 23.6 11.8 5.7
5 5 15 902.8 2.8 12.4 306.8 34.1 23.4 36.6 5.9
5 6 1 534.7 2.1 15.4 260.8 36.1 18.3 36.1 9.6
6 1 1 743.0 0.0 418 000.0 150.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
6 2 1 743.0 0.0 418 000.0 150.0 55.0 35.0 10.0 0.0
6 3 2 324.0 0.0 418 000.0 150.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
6 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 1 9 348.1 0.0 3 103.0 1 190.4 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
7 2 25 003.7 0.8 9 779.0 1 457.4 72.1 22.4 5.0 0.5
7 3 5 468.0 0.2 13 953.8 640.0 32.0 42.5 18.0 7.5
7 4 1 687.3 0.0 3 000.0 1 440.0 45.0 30.0 25.0 0.0
7 5 55.4 1.2 12 680.4 653.8 48.5 13.7 30.9 6.9
7 6 344.1 0.0 3 565.6 1 317.6 5.5 10.0 69.5 15.0
8 1 28 996.1 0.2 886.4 128.0 72.5 17.5 10.0 0.0
8 2 29 097.7 1.0 1 030.4 595.6 63.9 19.8 8.8 7.5
8 3 39 220.9 0.9 1 030.4 595.6 46.1 36.9 9.2 7.8
8 4 21.0 0.4 384.0 158.0 67.5 20.0 12.5 0.0
8 5 82.4 1.1 1 030.4 604.8 46.3 18.1 27.8 7.9
8 6 12.4 0.8 1 030.4 604.8 38.5 17.6 36.2 7.7
9 1 309.0 0.8 144.0 20.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 2 412.0 1.2 144.0 79.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 79.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
9 4 52.0 0.8 144.0 20.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 5 103.0 1.2 144.0 79.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 0.0
9 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 20.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
10 1 206.0 0.8 16.0 4.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
32 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.2 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
10 2 309.0 1.2 16.0 4.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
10 3 52.0 0.4 16.0 4.0 70.0 20.0 10.0 0.0
10 4 52.0 0.8 16.0 4.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
10 5 52.0 1.2 16.0 4.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
10 6 10.0 0.4 16.0 4.0 65.0 20.0 10.0 5.0
11 1 51.1 0.0 418 000.0 24.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
11 2 62.4 0.4 418 000.0 89.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 3 34 580.5 0.4 90 209.6 8.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
11 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 5 12 785.2 0.9 253 986.8 65.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 6 958.6 0.4 89 978.0 8.0 5.0 10.0 70.0 15.0
12 1 64 675.9 3.7 14 115.8 36.8 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
12 2 222 333.5 3.3 13 830.2 81.0 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
12 3 151 305.4 2.9 14 357.4 80.6 46.0 44.0 10.0 0.0
12 4 19 367.4 3.7 12 531.4 21.2 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
12 5 55 932.8 2.9 12 528.0 21.2 42.5 20.0 32.5 5.0
12 6 4 362.6 3.3 12 609.6 21.2 40.5 15.0 37.0 7.5
13 1 24 628.1 0.3 1 453.0 149.3 65.1 23.3 11.6 0.0
13 2 24 569.6 0.6 1 453.4 148.6 64.7 29.9 5.4 0.0
13 3 32 234.9 0.3 1 451.8 156.3 36.5 45.7 17.8 0.0
13 4 112.0 1.2 1 449.8 176.6 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
13 5 117.3 1.9 1 449.8 175.2 40.0 20.0 35.0 5.0
13 6 24.9 1.4 1 356.8 177.9 36.0 15.0 40.0 9.0
14 1 25 951.1 0.3 123.6 30.6 67.2 22.4 10.0 0.5
14 2 25 951.1 0.3 124.8 30.3 67.2 27.4 5.0 0.5
14 3 47 725.4 0.3 191.0 314.1 26.0 62.5 11.0 0.5
14 4 106.1 0.6 62.4 66.9 61.3 22.1 12.3 4.4
14 5 5 391.6 0.3 189.4 981.0 35.0 60.0 5.0 0.0
14 6 416.6 0.3 189.8 852.6 32.7 59.8 5.0 2.5
15 1 21 581.5 2.5 13.0 37.0 66.5 22.2 9.9 1.5
15 2 73 009.5 3.5 10.6 42.6 67.2 27.4 5.0 0.5
15 3 46 945.7 2.1 32.4 40.2 33.3 38.2 26.5 2.0
15 4 6 049.8 2.7 10.0 34.6 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
15 5 17 050.8 3.5 72.4 36.4 44.0 12.5 39.5 4.0
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 33

TABLE B.2 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
15 6 1 284.7 2.7 98.0 37.6 34.5 14.0 41.0 10.5
16 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 2 52.0 0.8 20 000.0 222.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 5 10.0 0.8 20 000.0 222.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
17 1 8 267.6 1.0 11 426.0 43.6 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
17 2 29 843.0 1.1 11 369.6 182.0 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
17 3 5 463.9 1.1 12 308.2 120.8 10.5 69.5 20.0 0.0
17 4 2 409.9 1.0 10 890.6 42.8 45.0 30.0 25.0 0.0
17 5 1 912.6 1.6 11 216.6 234.2 45.0 20.0 30.0 5.0
17 6 483.0 1.0 11 202.6 43.6 5.0 10.0 70.0 15.0
18 1 618.0 0.4 574.0 82.0 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
18 2 1 339.0 4.1 595.0 153.0 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
18 3 21.0 0.4 990.0 23.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 4 103.0 0.4 1 030.0 72.0 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
18 5 72.0 4.1 653.0 148.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 6 10.0 0.4 1 030.0 72.0 32.5 15.0 42.5 10.0
19 1 515.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 2 1 030.0 1.2 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
19 4 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 5 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
19 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
20 1 1 030.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 2 1 030.0 1.2 16.0 41.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 3 103.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
20 4 103.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 5 52.0 1.2 16.0 41.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
20 6 10.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
34 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.2 (continued)

(b) Market attribute in year 2020 for unicast uplink (higher user density settings)
Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
1 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 1 52.0 0.4 20 000.0 7 406.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 57.0 1.2 20 000.0 265.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 4 21.0 0.4 20 000.0 7 406.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5 10.0 1.2 20 000.0 35.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 6 1.0 0.4 20 000.0 7 406.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 1 30 894.5 0.4 635.2 269.8 69.0 21.0 10.0 0.0
3 2 61 684.5 0.6 407.2 254.8 69.5 25.5 5.0 0.0
3 3 48 288.9 0.3 494.8 201.0 46.5 43.5 10.0 0.0
3 4 3 839.3 0.9 345.6 256.8 66.0 21.5 12.5 0.0
3 5 9 422.5 1.2 345.6 221.6 49.0 16.0 30.0 5.0
3 6 700.3 0.4 345.6 194.0 46.0 11.5 35.0 7.5
4 1 24 041.5 1.3 96.0 4 010.0 73.8 11.9 9.5 4.8
4 2 24 069.0 1.3 96.0 4 010.0 73.1 16.5 5.7 4.7
4 3 32 037.0 1.3 2 614.4 4 029.8 49.8 32.3 13.4 4.6
4 4 16.1 1.5 96.0 4 010.0 69.0 14.3 11.9 4.8
4 5 44.5 1.4 1 266.0 4 017.8 54.3 9.5 31.7 4.5
4 6 15.8 1.4 609.2 4013.0 50.7 8.2 33.8 7.2
5 1 67 409.0 1.2 16.0 282.0 62.6 22.4 9.3 5.6
5 2 123 763.1 1.7 16.0 281.6 62.0 25.5 6.9 5.6
5 3 83 451.6 1.3 15.4 302.8 37.7 42.5 14.2 5.7
5 4 7 788.1 2.1 15.4 261.4 59.0 23.6 11.8 5.7
5 5 15 902.8 2.8 12.4 306.8 34.1 23.4 36.6 5.9
5 6 1 534.7 2.1 15.4 260.8 36.1 18.3 36.1 9.6
6 1 1 743.0 0.0 401 966.2 150.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
6 2 1743.0 0.0 401 966.2 150.0 55.0 35.0 10.0 0.0
6 3 2324.0 0.0 401 966.2 150.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 35

TABLE B.2 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
6 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 1 20 914.8 0.2 3 205.0 467.2 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
7 2 65 782.2 1.2 9 914.0 518.0 65.9 20.7 7.4 6.0
7 3 42 598.8 0.3 3 861.0 478.4 32.0 42.5 18.0 7.5
7 4 5 157.1 0.3 3 195.2 470.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
7 5 13 807.5 1.3 9 914.6 514.8 48.5 13.7 30.9 6.9
7 6 1 038.2 0.3 3 258.6 470.8 28.5 12.0 44.0 15.5
8 1 28 996.1 0.2 845.6 66.6 72.5 17.5 10.0 0.0
8 2 29 097.7 1.0 1 030.4 524.2 70.0 21.7 6.3 1.9
8 3 39 220.9 0.9 1 030.4 524.2 48.3 38.6 9.7 3.4
8 4 21.0 0.4 384.0 39.0 67.5 20.0 12.5 0.0
8 5 82.4 1.1 1 030.4 533.4 50.0 15.0 30.0 5.0
8 6 12.4 0.8 1 030.4 533.4 42.5 10.0 40.0 7.5
9 1 309.0 0.8 144.0 30.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 2 412.0 1.2 144.0 118.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 118.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
9 4 52.0 0.8 144.0 30.0 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0
9 5 103.0 1.2 144.0 118.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 0.0
9 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 30.0 80.0 10.0 10.0 0.0
10 1 5 226.4 0.9 12.4 1 445.4 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
10 2 18 581.6 1.1 12.4 1 445.4 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
10 3 11 076.8 0.6 12.4 1 445.4 40.0 45.0 15.0 0.0
10 4 1 562.6 0.9 12.4 1 445.4 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
10 5 4 120.2 1.1 12.4 1 445.4 35.0 20.0 40.0 5.0
10 6 312.2 0.6 12.4 1 445.4 35.0 15.0 40.0 10.0
11 1 51.1 0.0 403 932.4 24.0 55.0 25.0 20.0 0.0
11 2 62.4 0.4 403 932.4 33.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 3 68.1 0.0 403 932.4 24.0 10.0 70.0 20.0 0.0
11 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 5 5.0 0.8 500 000.0 15.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12 1 40 433.0 0.4 12 209.6 22.6 68.3 22.1 9.0 0.5
36 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.2 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
12 2 144 053.5 0.4 10 563.4 21.4 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
12 3 86 963.3 0.4 13 221.2 23.0 50.0 40.5 9.0 0.5
12 4 11 988.5 0.4 10 514.2 21.4 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
12 5 31 928.2 0.4 10 638.8 21.4 43.0 20.0 32.0 5.0
12 6 2 397.5 0.4 11 235.0 21.8 41.8 15.4 35.3 7.5
13 1 27 380.7 1.5 1 178.0 45.2 68.5 21.2 7.9 2.4
13 2 24 569.6 0.6 1 139.2 92.0 67.4 25.8 5.1 1.7
13 3 32 234.9 0.3 1 281.8 98.6 38.6 39.7 17.4 4.3
13 4 951.7 11.7 1 289.0 42.8 61.9 24.8 12.4 1.0
13 5 117.3 1.9 1 328.6 112.2 39.8 19.9 34.8 5.5
13 6 190.5 11.2 1 243.8 46.6 35.3 14.9 39.8 10.0
14 1 25 951.1 0.3 71.4 32.8 67.2 22.4 10.0 0.5
14 2 25 951.1 0.3 71.4 32.4 67.2 27.4 5.0 0.5
14 3 47 725.4 0.3 109.8 410.8 26.0 62.5 11.0 0.5
14 4 106.1 0.6 62.4 81.2 60.7 23.8 12.1 3.4
14 5 5 391.6 0.3 100.6 1 300.0 35.0 60.0 5.0 0.0
14 6 416.6 0.3 103.4 1 128.8 32.7 59.8 5.0 2.5
15 1 57 461.5 17.1 10.6 47.8 67.5 22.5 10.0 0.0
15 2 202 177.5 18.4 10.6 59.8 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
15 3 121 401.3 16.8 11.8 40.8 35.0 45.0 19.5 0.5
15 4 16 813.8 17.4 10.0 47.8 62.5 25.0 12.5 0.0
15 5 44 626.9 18.6 10.6 47.8 45.0 15.0 35.0 5.0
15 6 3 352.8 17.6 10.6 47.8 35.0 15.0 40.0 10.0
16 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 2 52.0 0.8 20 000.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
16 5 10.0 0.8 20 000.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
16 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
17 1 581.9 0.7 15 915.0 124.8 56.6 24.2 19.2 0.0
17 2 1 312.4 1.5 14 336.4 160.6 67.5 27.5 5.0 0.0
17 3 1 008.8 0.9 18 062.6 155.2 13.9 66.2 19.4 0.5
17 4 104.0 1.0 12 778.4 121.2 45.3 29.9 24.9 0.0
17 5 262.5 1.6 12 602.0 151.8 45.0 20.0 30.0 5.0
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 37

TABLE B.2 (continued)

Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
17 6 22.1 1.0 14 737.0 133.2 7.0 10.0 68.0 15.0
18 1 618.0 0.4 574.0 35.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
18 2 1 339.0 4.1 595.0 66.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
18 3 21.0 0.4 990.0 10.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 4 103.0 0.4 1 030.0 31.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
18 5 72.0 4.1 653.0 63.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
18 6 10.0 0.4 1 030.0 31.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
19 1 515.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 2 1 030.0 1.2 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 3 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
19 4 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
19 5 52.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 20.0 0.0
19 6 10.0 0.4 144.0 21.0 60.0 20.0 15.0 5.0
20 1 1 030.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 2 1 030.0 1.2 16.0 41.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 3 2 142.2 0.6 13.6 10.6 35.0 45.0 20.0 0.0
20 4 103.0 0.4 16.0 25.0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0
20 5 800.9 1.1 13.6 17.0 35.0 20.0 40.0 5.0
20 6 63.4 0.6 13.6 10.6 32.5 15.0 42.5 10.0
38 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

TABLE B.2 (end)

(c) Market attribute in year 2020 for multicast downlink (higher user density settings)
Session Mobility ratio
arrival Mean Average
User
rate per service session
SC SE density Super-
user bit rate duration
(users/km2) Stationary Low High
high
(sessions/h/ (kbit/s) (s)
users)
2 1 51.5 0.4 20 000.0 14 812.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 10.3 1.7 20 000.0 5 554.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 4 20.6 0.4 20 000.0 14 812.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5 3.1 1.7 20 000.0 2 468.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 6 1.0 0.4 20 000.0 14 812.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 1 391.4 1.7 1 424.2 1 130.4 83.0 17.0 0.0 0.0
3 2 463.5 2.5 922.7 1 587.0 84.0 16.0 0.0 0.0
3 3 61.8 1.7 1 192.0 617.2 82.0 18.0 0.0 0.0
3 4 103.0 5.4 731.7 1 026.4 86.0 14.0 0.0 0.0
3 5 56.7 5.8 623.4 1 388.6 87.0 13.0 0.0 0.0
3 6 2.7 3.3 679.9 922.5 87.0 13.0 0.0 0.0

Annex 3

Mobile traffic forecasts towards 2020 by extrapolation

Figure C.1 investigates mobile traffic forecasts towards 2020 by extrapolation of those in
2010-2015 that have the lowest and highest traffic growth, respectively, in Report ITU-R M.2243.
The following different types of extrapolation functions are evaluated in the Figure:
– y = a1x2 + b1x + c1 (2nd-order polynomial);
– y = a2x3 + b2x2 + c2x + d2 (3rd-order polynomial);
– y = a3x4 + b3x3 + c3x2 + d3x + e3 (4th-order polynomial);
– y = a4xr + b4.
 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0 39

FIGURE C.1
Mobile traffic forecasts towards 2020 by extrapolation

250
Traffic increasing ratio compared to 2010
Highest Lowest
growth growth
Forecast in 2011-2015 in M.2243
200
Extrapolated towards 2020 by
y=a1 x2 + b1 x + c1
y=a2 x3 + b2 x2 + c2 x + d2
150 y=a3 x4 + b3 x3 + c3 x2 + d3 x + e3
y=a4 xr + b4

100

50

0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Year

Annex 4

Summary of national spectrum requirements in some countries

The table below summarizes national spectrum requirements as provided by some member states
and one sector member7 at the time of approval of this Report. It should be noted that these national
spectrum requirements have differences in the methodology used and assumptions made (e.g.
differences in traffic/radio-aspects related parameters, differences in estimation year, differences in
estimates based on whether the spectrum requirements are total or additional, etc.).
It should also be noted that the content of this Annex only covers case studies in some countries
since member states were not requested to provide any information on national spectrum
requirements during the development of this Report.

7 The entry corresponding to the GSMA column is information received from GSMA concerning specific
national spectrum requirements.
40 Rep. ITU-R M.2290-0

Source US Australia Russia China GSMA6 India UK

Estimation year Until 2014 Until 2020 2020 2015, 2020 2020 2017, 2020 2020

Spectrum Additional Total requirement Total Total requirement Total requirement Additional Total
requirements requirement of of 1 081 MHz requirement of 570-690 MHz of 1 600-1 800 requirement of 300 requirement of
275 MHz by 2014 (Additional of 1 065 MHz (by 2015) MHz for some MHz by 2017 775-1 080 MHz
requirement of (Additional Total requirement countries Additional for the low
300 MHz by 2020) requirement of 1 490- requirement of demand setting
of 385 MHz 1 810 MHz another 200 MHz Total
by 2020) (by 2020) by 2020 requirement of 2
230-2 770 MHz
for the high
demand setting

Methodology Using an original Using an original Using an Using the Using a new Using an original Using the
methodology methodology original methodology in methodology to methodology methodology in
methodology Rec. ITU-R complement the Rec. ITU-R
M.1768-1 methodology in M.1768-1
Rec. ITU-R
M.1768-1