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Docker Django Development

The document discusses running Django projects with Docker. It introduces the typical Django Docker stack including Nginx, Django, Redis, and Postgres containers. It then covers how to build and run the Django stack with Docker Compose, common development tasks, potential problems and solutions, useful code snippets, and references additional resources.

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Mehmet Demir
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155 views

Docker Django Development

The document discusses running Django projects with Docker. It introduces the typical Django Docker stack including Nginx, Django, Redis, and Postgres containers. It then covers how to build and run the Django stack with Docker Compose, common development tasks, potential problems and solutions, useful code snippets, and references additional resources.

Uploaded by

Mehmet Demir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Django Development with Docker

Cuong Tran - Docker Hanoi


About me
Cuong Tran
Community: Docker Hanoi Organizer
Job: Developer at Higgs Valley
Email: tranhuucuong91@gmail.com
Github: https://github.com/tranhuucuong91
Blog: http://tranhuucuong91.github.io/
Domain: Machine Learning, DevOps, Cloud

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Agenda
1. Introduction Django Stack
2. Run Django Stack
3. Common activity
4. Problems and solutions (P&S)
5. Snippets
6. Q&A

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1. Introduction Django Stack

Nginx

Django

Redis Postgres

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1. Introduction Django Stack: Project Structure
├── docker-compose.yml
├── docker-env
├── nginx
│ ├── Dockerfile
│ └── sites-enabled
│ └── django_project
├── production.yml
├── README.md
└── web
├── docker_django
│ ├── apps
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── Dockerfile
├── manage.py
├── requirements.txt
└── static
├── images
│ └── django-pony.png
└── main.css

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1. Introduction Django Stack: docker-compose.yml
version: "2" web:
#restart: always
services: build: ./web
nginx: expose:
#restart: always - "8000"
build: ./nginx/ depends_on:
ports: - postgres
- "80:80" - redis
volumes: volumes:
- /www/static - ./web:/usr/src/app
volumes_from: - ./web/static:/usr/src/app/static
- web env_file: docker-env
depends_on: environment:
- web DEBUG: 'true'
command: /usr/local/bin/gunicorn
docker_django.wsgi:application -w 2 -b :8000
--access-logfile /var/log/gunicorn.log

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1. Introduction Django Stack: docker-compose.yml
postgres: redis:
#restart: always #restart: always
image: postgres:9.5 image: redis:3.2
ports: ports:
- "5432:5432" - "6379:6379"
volumes: volumes:
- pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data/ - redisdata:/data

volumes:
pgdata:
redisdata:

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2. Run Django Stack
# build stack
docker-compose build

# up stack
docker-compose up -d

# migrate data
docker-compose run --rm web /usr/local/bin/python manage.py
migrate

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3. Common Activity: Run container

● View web
● Run command in container
● Show logs
● Connect database to container

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3. Common Activity: Update git

● Edit and git commit


● Git ignore files for dev, test, prod environments
● Update git

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3. Common Activity: Build container

● Rebuild docker images


● Push to private registry
● Update docker images in production

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4. P&S: Handle `docker stop`

● When call docker stop, docker will send SIGTERM to main process
inside the container. And after a grace period (default 10s), docker will
send SIGKILL.

Image Source: http://www.slideshare.net/LeszekGodlewski/advanced-linux-game-programming 12


4. P&S: Handle `docker stop`

● The main process need to handle the signal and graceful stop.
import sys, signal, time

def handler(signum = None, frame = None):


print('Signal handler called with signal', signum)
time.sleep(1) #here check if process is done
print('Wait done')
sys.exit(0)

for sig in [signal.SIGTERM, signal.SIGINT, signal.SIGHUP, signal.SIGQUIT]:


signal.signal(sig, handler)

while True:
time.sleep(6)

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4. P&S: Startup order

Issue: Docker Compose:

● Will not wait until a container is "ready".


● Only until it’s running.

Solution:

● Use a tool such as wait-for-it or dockerize.


● (Or) Write your own wrapper script to perform a more application-specific
health check.

Reference: https://docs.docker.com/compose/startup-order/ 14
4. P&S: Startup order
wait-for-it.sh wait-for-postgres.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash #!/usr/bin/env bash


# Use this script to test if a given TCP
host/port are available set -e

cmdname=$(basename $0) host="$1"


shift
echoerr() { if [[ $QUIET -ne 1 ]]; then echo "$@" cmd="$@"
1>&2; fi }
until psql -h "$host" -U "postgres" -c '\l'; do
usage() >&2 echo "Postgres is unavailable - sleeping"
{ sleep 1
cat << USAGE >&2 done
Usage:
$cmdname host:port [-s] [-t timeout] [-- >&2 echo "Postgres is up - executing command"
command args] exec $cmd
-h HOST | --host=HOST Host or IP under
test
-p PORT | --port=PORT TCP port under
test
...
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4. P&S: Speed up `docker build`

Use .dockerignore

● Because docker will put current directory in build context.


● To increase the build's performance, you can exclude files and directories
by adding a .dockerignore file.
● Syntax like .gitignore.

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4. P&S: Speed up `docker build`

Build cache

● The orders of command -> image layers -> build speed & image size &
storage capacity

1. Install fixed things before. Ex: library, runtime


2. Install changed things after. Ex: code

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4. P&S: Limit Resources
cpu_shares: 73
cpu_quota: 50000
cpuset: 0,1

mem_limit: 1000000000
memswap_limit: 2000000000

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5. Snippets
#--- Docker stats ---
# stats all service in docker compose directory
docker stats `docker-compose ps | tail -n+3|awk '{print $1}'`

# stats all docker container are running


docker stats `docker ps | awk '{print $NF}' | tail -n+2`

#--- Docker remove ---


# remove all stopped containers
docker ps -a | awk '/Exit/ {print $1}' | xargs -r docker rm

# remove all untagged images


docker images | awk '/^<none>/ {print $3}' | xargs -r docker rmi

# remove old version images


docker images | grep ro.lan:5001/tranhuucuong91/nginx | tail -n +4 | awk '{print $3}' | xargs -r docker rmi

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5. Snippets (cont.)
Save all the images on docker-compose.yml and deploy on machine not
connected to the internet
# Save Compressed Images
IMAGES=`grep '^\s*image' docker-compose.yml | sed 's/image://' | sort | uniq`

docker save $IMAGES | gzip > images.tar.gz

# Load Compressed Images


gunzip -c images.tar.gz | docker load

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References
[1] https://github.com/tranhuucuong91/docker-training
[2] https://realpython.com/blog/python/django-development-with-docker-co
mpose-and-machine/
[3] https://github.com/pydanny/cookiecutter-django
[4] https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/
[5] https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file

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Q&A

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