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    Formula Sheet: Types of Material

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    dara
    This formula sheet contains equations and information for calculating: 1) The total length of a stepped weir (Lw) using dimensions of individual steps and distances between steps. 2) The critical head (CH) required for flow over a weir. 3) The time of emptying (te) of a reservoir using dimensions and an empirical coefficient. 4) Upstream and downstream slopes for earth embankments depending on the type of material and height of the embankment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Formula Sheet: Types of Material

    Uploaded by

    dara
    36 views3 pages
    This formula sheet contains equations and information for calculating: 1) The total length of a stepped weir (Lw) using dimensions of individual steps and distances between steps. 2) The critical head (CH) required for flow over a weir. 3) The time of emptying (te) of a reservoir using dimensions and an empirical coefficient. 4) Upstream and downstream slopes for earth embankments depending on the type of material and height of the embankment.

    Original Description:

    Formula Sheet 2

    Original Title

    Formula Sheet 2

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    This formula sheet contains equations and information for calculating: 1) The total length of a stepped weir (Lw) using dimensions of individual steps and distances between steps. 2) The critical head (CH) required for flow over a weir. 3) The time of emptying (te) of a reservoir using dimensions and an empirical coefficient. 4) Upstream and downstream slopes for earth embankments depending on the type of material and height of the embankment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    36 views3 pages

    Formula Sheet: Types of Material

    Uploaded by

    dara
    This formula sheet contains equations and information for calculating: 1) The total length of a stepped weir (Lw) using dimensions of individual steps and distances between steps. 2) The critical head (CH) required for flow over a weir. 3) The time of emptying (te) of a reservoir using dimensions and an empirical coefficient. 4) Upstream and downstream slopes for earth embankments depending on the type of material and height of the embankment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Formula Sheet

    𝟏 𝟏
    𝑳𝒘 = 𝟐𝒅𝟏 + 𝑳𝟏 + 𝟐𝒅𝟐 + 𝑳𝟐 + 𝟐𝒅𝟑
    𝟑 𝟑
    𝑳𝒘 > 𝑪𝑯 𝑸 = 𝑪𝑨√𝟐𝒈𝒉
    𝟒 𝑯𝑩 𝑸𝟐
    𝒕𝒆 = ∗ 𝒉= ;
    𝟑 𝑮𝒆 − 𝟏 𝟐𝒈𝑪𝟐 𝑨𝟐
    𝑫 𝒅+𝑫
    𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟔 ,
    𝑪 = 𝟏𝟗 √ ( ) 𝑸
    𝒃′ 𝒃
    𝑽=
    𝑯 𝟏 𝑨
    𝑮𝑬 = × 𝑫
    𝒅 𝝅 √𝝀 𝑯𝒘 = 𝒉 +
    𝟐
    𝟏 + √𝟏 + 𝜶𝟐
    𝝀=
    𝟐 𝑸 = 𝑪 ∗ 𝑩(𝑯𝒘)𝟑/𝟐
    𝑸
    𝒃 𝑪 = 𝟑, (𝑯𝒘)𝟑/𝟐 =
    𝜶= 𝟑𝑩
    𝒅
    𝟐
    𝟎. 𝟑𝟑 𝑸 𝟑
    𝟐𝒈 𝒏𝟐 𝑳 𝑽𝟐 𝑯𝑾 = ( )
    ∆𝑯 = [𝑲𝟏 + 𝑲𝟐 + 𝟒 ]∗ 𝑩
    𝟐𝒈
    𝑹𝟑
    𝟎.𝟓 𝑯𝑾 + 𝑺𝒐 𝑳 = 𝑻𝑾 + 𝒉𝒆 + 𝒉𝒇 + 𝒉𝒗
    𝒇. 𝒔.∗ 𝑫
    𝑳𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟏 ∗ [ ]
    𝟑𝟎 +
    𝑫 𝑽𝟐
    𝒕 𝒉𝒆 = 𝑲𝒆
    𝟐𝒈
    𝑩 𝒏 𝟐 𝑳 𝑽𝟐
    𝒚= 𝒉𝒇 = 𝟐𝟗 𝟒 (𝟐𝒈)
    𝟐
    𝑹𝒉 𝟑
    𝑽𝟐𝟐 − 𝑽𝟐𝟏 𝑽𝟐𝟐 ∗ 𝒏𝟐 ∗ 𝑳
    ∆𝑯 = [(𝒌𝟏 + 𝒌𝟐) ∗ ( )] + ( ) 𝑽𝟐
    𝟐∗𝒈 𝑩 𝟒
    ( )𝟑
    𝒉𝒗 =
    𝟒 𝟐𝒈
    𝟏 𝟐
    𝒏𝟐 𝑳 𝑽𝟐
    𝑽= ∗ 𝑹𝟑 ∗ 𝑺𝟎.𝟓 𝑯𝑾 = 𝑻𝑾 + [𝑲𝒆 + 𝟐𝟗 + 𝟏] ( ) − 𝑺𝒐 𝑳
    𝒏 𝟒 𝟐𝒈
    𝑹𝒉 𝟑
    𝑽𝟐𝑺 − 𝑽𝟐𝟏
    𝒉𝒇𝟏 = (𝒌𝟏 + 𝒌𝟐) ∗ 𝑯
    𝟐∗𝒈 𝑩= +𝟑
    𝟓
    𝑽𝟐𝑺 𝟏⁄
    𝒉𝒇𝟐 = 𝟐 ∗ 𝒌 𝒆𝒍𝒃𝒐𝒘 ∗ 𝑩 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟓 (𝑯 𝟐) + 𝟎. 𝟐𝑯
    𝟐∗𝒈
    𝑽𝟐𝒄
    𝒉𝒇𝟑 = 𝟐 ∗ 𝒌 𝒔𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒆𝒏𝒔 ∗ 𝑩 = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓(𝑯 + 𝟏. 𝟓)𝟏/𝟑
    𝟐∗𝒈
    𝟐∗𝒈∗𝒏 ∗𝑳 𝟐
    𝑽𝟐𝑺 𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒂𝒓𝒅 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝒉𝒘
    𝒉𝒇𝟒 = ( 𝟒 ) ∗
    𝟐∗𝒈
    𝑹𝟑 𝒉𝒘 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟐√𝑽. 𝑭. + 𝟎. 𝟕𝟔𝟑 − 𝟎. 𝟐𝟕𝟏(𝑭)𝟒
    𝟏

    ∆𝑯 = 𝒉𝒇𝟏 + 𝒉𝒇𝟐 + 𝒉𝒇𝟑 + 𝒉𝒇𝟒


    𝑸 =𝑨∗𝑽 𝒉𝒘 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟐√𝑽. 𝑭.
    𝝅
    𝑸 = 𝑫𝟐 ∗ 𝑽
    𝟒 𝐃𝟏𝟓 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 ≤ (𝟒 𝐭𝐨 𝟓)𝐃𝟖𝟓 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥

    𝑸 𝐃𝟏𝟓 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 = (𝟒 𝐭𝐨 𝟓)𝐃𝟏𝟓 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐦𝐚𝐭


    𝑫 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟑√
    𝑽

    Types of material Upstream slope Downstream slope


    (i) Homogenous well graded material 2:1 2:1
    (ii) Homogeneous course silt 3:1 2.5:1
    (iii) Homogenous silty clay or clay
    Height less than 15m 2.5:1 2:1
    Height more than 15m 3:1 2.5:1
    (iv) Sand or sand and gravel with clay core 3:1 2.5:1
    (v) Sand or sand and gravel with R.C core wall 2.5:1 2:1
    Slop (H:V) Correction Slop Correction
    Factor (H:V) Factor
    1: 1 11.2 5: 1 2.8
    2: 1 6.5 6: 1 2.5
    3: 1 4.5 7: 1 2.3
    4: 1 3.3 8: 1 2

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