TECHNICAL BOOK

SNUBBING UNIT

Prepared by :
Dendy Sudrajat
Fajar Kurniawan
Guspan Hamuddin
Hargyan Hendratmo
Irwan Bermawan
Muhdi Rizal
Teguh F. Saksono
Wadori Purwanto
Warno
Wikan Gunarso

WELL SERVICE SUPERVISOR TRAINEE #4

EAST KALIMANTAN DISTRICT
TOTAL INDONESIE
2000
 1 2

SNUBBING UNIT Lay Out

(HR 150 K) Merrilyn Barge 1501
ELNUSA SUBBING UNIT

The purpose of subbing unit is to achieve the handling of

tubing or macaroni through a production tubing this type of
technique allow the carrying out of several different
operation, such as :

(General performed in T.I.)

• Sand washing
• Fishing and milling job
• Gas lift macaroni installation
• Well start - up
• Killing well
• Injectivity test
• Squeeze cementing
• Circulating out of mud
• Drill out of cement (plug cement)

The technique of running on or out a pipe under pressure is

more economical by without first killing the well than to kill it.
This typical operation avoid damaging the production zone
by penetration of mud / liquid into the formation.
 3 4

∗ Hazardous Are Specification

1. Engine Room 16. Diesel Oil Tank
2. Pump Room 17. Mixing Tank I (55 bbls)
3. Genset I 18. Mixing Tank II (55 bbls) ∗ Hazardous Area I
4. Genset II 19. Mixing Tank III (55 bbls) It is 7.5 m from the well (gas source)
5. Air Compressor 20. Mixing Tank IV (140 bbls) • No engine, no exhaust pipe
6. Electric 21. Return Tank (140 bbls) • No surface hotter than 2500 C
7. Toilet I 22. Shale Shaker • Explosion and gas proof certified electric equipment
8. Toilet II 23. Dog House I only.
9. Battery Room 24. Wire line Box
10. Break Room 25. Diesel Fuel Tank
∗ Hazardous Area II
11. Office 26. Dog House II
12. Store 27. Wire line Plat Form
It is 15 m from the well (gas source)
13. Locker 28. Accumulator Unit • Exhaust manifold and piping less than 2500 C
14. Musholla 29. Power Pack • Exhaust pipe arrestor (or exhaust in the water)
15. Pumping Unit 30. Pipe Rock • Air inlet flame trap
• Overspeed system
• Remote control shutdown
o
• Non sparking engine starting system
A : CO2 : Foam • Non sparking electric equipment
B : Life Jacket Box (15 pcs) : Sprinkle • Explosion proof certified electric equipment
C : BOP Stack Seat : Emergency Light
: Extinguisher : Jack Seat

: Life Raft 11 : Muster Point 1

o o
o o : Fire Hose Box 22 : Muster Point 2
: Hydrant 33 : Muster Point 3
 5 6

SAFETY CONSIDERATION 5. If a job cannot be terminated before night, the following

procedure should be implemented to keep the snubbing
unit and well "safe" overnight.
a. Positive mechanical locking of the BOP rams after
I. SAFETY RULES they have been closed hydraulically.
b. Bleed off pressure between BOP's.
1. Personal climbing to or working at a height from which a c. Bleed off pressure from stripper bowl only the
fall could be dangerous, should wear safety hardness or stripping BOP will be closed, locked and bled off as
other equivalent equipment. above. The safety BOP will only be used in case of
a leak through the stripping BOP.
2. The work basket should be equipped with an emergency d. Close all slips bowl and mechanically lock using an
escape system which will enable personal to reach the appropriate system.
ground at some distance from the well but not at a
dangerous speed. 6. Periodically check and grease (special bitumen grease)
Periodic escape routes should be simple. the cables.

3. If snubbing unit is rigged up on a well, where stripper only 7. Never use stripper rubber when using stripping BOP's.
is being used, each BOP should be opened / closed at
least once every three days to prevent corrosion or
formation of deposits around the rams.
II. PRE JOB SAFETY RULES
4. In a gas well situation, the following additional equipment
is highly recommended : 1. Several calculations are required to confirm that all
a. Guide tubes for all the necessary size if workstring equipment for the constraints they will be exposed ti
to prevent buckling during the light phase. namely :
b. Injection of grease between the 2 rubbers of the - The max snubbing force required
stripping bowl lubricates the workstring allows to - The depth of the neutral point
work in a safer way and reduces the time spent in - The critical buckling load of the work string
snubbing with the ram to ram technique. - The regulated hydraulic pressure settings for the
There must be a hole open between lower stripper jack
and BOP to prevent pressure build up at stripper.
c. A choke (usually 1/4") is to be fitted in equalizing 2. Check the slip bowls by submitting a joint of tubing to
loop to reduce the stress encountered during the 50,000 lbs traction and 250,000 lbs compression using
operation. the guide tubes during the compression check.
d. All BOP wing valves should be doubled, the second
ones is for back up. 3. Run a pressure test on each BOP at working pressure.
e. BOP stack must include shear and blind rams.
4. Check the communication system.
 7 8

III. SAFETY RULES DURING THE JOB Note : The shear rams are not designed to seal and their
use is aimed at the closing of the well at x-mastree
1. Correct functioning of all emergency engine stop systems level. It is the ultimate step.
either triggered manually or by a gas, smoke or heat
detection should be checked periodically.
V. IN CASE OF FIRE
2. The crane should not be used when work string is in (when the alarm in the engine room is heard and fire is
motion during snubbing or tripping under pressure shouted).
operations.
1. Take out fire nozzle and fire hoses from box, connect
3. A tubing safety valve equipped with its cross - over if noses to nearest fire line, then open fire line valves and
required should be within the reach of personal on the spray on to burning object.
work basket and be ready to be placed on the tubing in Note : do not use water to fight electrical fire.
the case of a blow out.
This valve should always be in the open position when not 2. At the same time, secure the well by stabbing the safety
in use. valve and close if then close BOP's.

3. In form well base radio.

IV. IN CASE OF GAS LEAK 4. Connect fire hose to foam maker unit, open tutogen drum
(when the alarm in the engine room is heard and gas is and insert 1" hose from foam branch into tutogen drum
shouted). open fire hydrant valve and regulate foam water mixture
according by adjusting black - knot on foam branch.
1. Switch off all electrical equipments on deck and engines
from black shut down on switch board located in the Note : - Any body seeing fire must report to snubbing
supervisor office. superintendent.
- Fire drills should be performed every month.
2. Secure well by stabbing the safety valve and close it, then
close the safety ram :
• if the leak comes from the surface line.

3. Stop the leak by closing the appropriate valve

• if the leak by closing the appropriate valve.

4. Close the second safety ram

• if the work string is leaking and this situation may
endanger rapidely to the life of the working team.

5. Close the shear rams.

6. Close the x-mastree valves.

 9 10

SNUBBING UNIT MAIN FEATURES

(HR 150)

∗ BOP STACK
• Working Pressure : 5000 psi, Cameron Type
• Drift : 4 1/16"
• Operating press. (hydraulic actuating press.) : 1500 psi
• Rams block to accommodate : 1.315" ; 1.660" ; 1.900" ;
2 3/8" mac. pipe.
• Functions : BOP No. 1 : Stripping BOP
No. 2 : Stripping BOP
No. 3 : Blind rams BOP
No. 4 : Shear ram BOP
No. 5 : Safety BOP
No. 6 : Safety BOP
• Well Head Adaptor Flange : Handil Æ 4 1/16 x 3 1/16,
gasket RX35
Tatun Æ 4 1/16 x 4 1/16,
5000 psi, gasket
BX155
• Kill Line : - two 2" x 5000 psi manual valves (1/4
turn).
- below BOP No. 3
• Equalizing Line for BOP No. 2 :
- one hydraulic actuated valve 2" x 5000
psi.
- one manual valves (1/4 turn) 2" x 5000
psi.
• Bleed Off Line : - one hydraulic actuated valve 2" x
5000 psi.
- one manual valve (1/4 turn) 2" x
5000 psi.
- below BOP No. 1.
• One Spacer Riser : 4 1/16" x 5000 psi for 1.315 to
3 1/2 pipe length 0.5 m :
between BOP No. 1 & No. 2.
SNUBBING COMPLETE ASSEMBLY
11 12

• One Spacer Riser : 4 1/16" ID x 5000 psi

6 slips to hold vertical movement
150.000 lbs weight holding (static)
1.315" to 3 1/2" pipe holding

• 4 1/16" Stripper Bowl : - WP : 3000 psi x 4 1/16" ID

- Stripper bowl adaptor sub
for wireline rig up.
- Stripper rubber available for
1" to 2 7/8" pipes size.

• Slip Bowl Assembly

- Travelling slip bowls : - one subs
- one slips
- 8 slip dies per set
- static load capacity :
150.000 lbs
- operating pressure : 600
psi
- capable of handle 1.315" ;
1.660" ; 1.900" ; 2 3/8"

- Stationary slip bowls : - one subs

- one slips
- 8 slip dies per set
- static load capacity : 150.000 lbs
- operating pressure : 600 psi
- capable of handle 1.315" ; 1.660" ; 1.900" ; 2 3/8"
 13 14

• Work Basket : - length : 14 Ft

- width : 11 Ft
- hand railing height : 43 inch

BOP STEERING CONTROL

BOP END CAP
• Operator Console
Consist of 3 Control Panels
*) Jack Control Panel
- ESD button
- Hyd. Press Slip indicator
- Lift Force indicator (0 - 150,000#)
- Snub Force indicator (0 - 75,000#)

TYPICAL BOP BREAKDOWN REPLACEMENT SPARE PARTS

- Jack Pressure indicator (0 - 3,000#)
- Pump Pressure Indicator
- Hyd. Press. BOP Syst. Indicator (0 - 3000
psi)
- Rotary Press. Indicator
- Engine Stop Switch
- Engine Speed Throttle
- Rotary Table Lever
- Rotary Hyd. Press regulator
- 2 Jacks or 4 Jacks Selector Switch
- Main Jack Lever
- Stationary Snub Lever
- Travelling Slip Lever
- Stationary Slip Lever
- Equalizing Valve Lever
- Bleed Off Valve Lever

BOP PISTON SEAL LARGE

BOP PISTON SEAL SMALL

BOP ACTUATOR BODY SEAL LARGE

BOP RETAINER SCREW

BOP INNER SEAL (STRIPPING / SAFETY)

BOP PIPE RETAINER (GUIDE)

BOP RAM BODY

BOP ACTUATOR BODY

BOP STEAM

BOP PISTON

BOP END CAP SEAL LARGE

BOP END CAP SEAL SMALL

 15 16

HOLDER

DATA :

•) ID : 4 1/16" x
WP 5 K Psi

SHEAR RAM •) 6 slips to hold

vertical
Completed with booster to greater shearing movement

•) 150 K lbs weight

holding (static)

•) 1.315" - 3 1/2

ANCHOR NUT HANGER FLANGE

STRIPPER RUBBER Hanger Flange : It is to hold vertical movement

STRIPPER BOWL & ADAPTER

Anchor nut → STRIPPER BOWL

•) ID : 4 1/16" x WP 3
K Psi
Stripper bowl
•) Stripper rubber
available for :
Stripper rubber 1" to 2 7/8" pipe size
Stripper Rubber Assy
 17 18

CONTROL PANEL *) BOP Control Panel

1. Stripper Ram I Lever

2. Stripper Ram II Lever
3. Blind Ram Lever
4. Shear Tam Lever
5. Safety Ram I Lever
6. Safety Ram II Lever
7. Air Control Valve.

Working Press. to operate BOP control panel 150 psi.

A. Hyd. Press. Slip Indicator 1. Engine Stop Switch
B. Lift Force Indicator 2. Engine Speed Throttle
C. Snub. Force Indicator 3. Hyd. Jack Press. Regulator
D. Jack Press. Indicator 4. Rotary Table Lever
E. Pump Press. Indicator 5. Rotary Hyd. Press. Regulator *) Counter Balance Control panel
F. Hyd. Press BOP Syst. 6. 2 Jacks or 4 Jacks Selector Switch
G. Rotary Press Indicator 7. Main Jack Lever Consist of 2 lever to lift up tubing macaroni.
8. Stationary Snub Lever The power is from 2 hydraulic motor max. press :
9. Travelling Snub Lever
10. Travelling Slip lever 1500 psi with max load capacity 500 lbs.
11. Stationary Slip lever
12. Equalizing Valve Lever
13. Bleed of valve lever
 19 20

∗ HYDRAULIC POWER PACK - 340 HP power output

- WP : 5000 psi
A skid mounted hydraulic power pack powered by Detroit Diesel - Max. flow rate : 8 BPM at 0 psi
8VA38100 ; 307HP@ 2100RPM - Relief valve at pump discharge line to mud tank
(set at 5000 psi)
• Emergency shutdown (intake air action activated) - PSV (set at 150 psi)
• Hydraulic or air starter - Pressure hoses 2" x 30 m x 5000 spi WP
• Overspeed shutdown - Chiksan loop min. 10 pcs , 2"
• Manual throttle - One stand pipe from floor to basket 2" x 5000 psi
• Manual kill switch - Choke manifold 2" x 5000 psi WP, to allow
• Low oil pressure shutdown BOP/line pressure test, direct/reserve circ &
• High temperature shutdown stimulation easily
• Relief valve - 3 compartments mud tank (@ 55 bbls)
• Spark arrestor - 2 compartment mud tank (@ 140 bbls)
• Fuel tank : 400 gal capacity - Shale shaker (120 mesh ; 50 m3/h)
• 2 dual pumps to supply jacks - Mixing equipment for mud tank (15 HP electrical
• 2 auxiliary system with relief valves (mixing, rotary table) motor)
• 1 dual pump with relief valve to supply pipe handling - Transfer pump for mud tanks
package - Water pump to supply sea or river water on deck or
• 1 dual pump to supply slips & BOP's and to drive oil in tanks
cooling far (slips & BOP syst. Has relief valve, unloading
valve, check valve). • Accumulator Unit
• Setting pressure : - Low pressure for jacks : 1000
psi - 6 bottles nitrogen with enough capacity to c - o - c,
- High pressure for jacks : 2000 incase the power pack is failure. The remaining
psi pressure in bottles must be at least 50 % of the
- Counter balance : 2000 psi original one (setting press. keep on each bottle :
- Air Starter : 2500 psi 1500 psi).
- BOP's : 1500 psi - The closing time of each BOP must less than 20
- Koomey : 1500 psi sec.
- The pump should repressurize the accumulator to
its original pressure in less than 12 mn.
- Accumulators should be supplied by 2 different
∗ PUMPING FACILITIES power sources : - hydraulic
- pneumatic
• Triplex Pump is provided by : - hydraulic starter - Override button to provide functions :
- spark arrestor - Release air used to hold BOP operating
- overspeed levers closed
shutdown - Isolate BOP controls in basket
- emergency
shutdown - Safety locks for blind and shear ram levers
 21 22

- Accumulator characteristic - Gin pole (Telescopic)

- Blader Type (rubberized) with N2 gas - Construction : 3 section
compression. - Max. extension : 60'
- N2 pre-charge pressure : 1100 psi - Weight : 600 lbs
- Working pressure : 3000 psi
- Normal pressure : 1500 psi • Hose Kit
Sufficient hoses and quick connections to operate all the
• Jack Assembly : - Short stroke jack assy : unit & locate the power unit away from hazardous are (20
- 8 1/2" bore through jack m).
- Four 4" ID cylinder, 3" OD
rod • Hose Basket
- 10" stroke - 24" wide ; 6' long ; 6" wide lift eyes
- to easily move the hoses
- Max Hoist capacity
- Low range : 159,800 lbs • Guide Tube : - one stationary guide tube 3 1/2" ID,
- Intermediate range : 75, 400 on the top of the stationary snub
lbs - one travelling guide tube 2 1/4" ID,
- High range : 29, 400 lbs below the travelling slips
Note : guide tube is used to prevent buckling effect on
- Max Snub capacity the macaroni, when working in high
- Low range : 66,000 lbs pressure well.
- High range : 33,000 lbs
(Note : SF : 80 %) • Wireline Adaptor
- 3" ID & 3.9" ID
- Max Jack speed - length : 5.4 m
- Low up : 1.02 Ft/Sec - WP : 5000 psi
- High up : 2.04 Ft /Sec Note : WL adapter is used for W/L operation and is
- Low snub : 2.33 Ft/Sec located thru the travelling bowls and the jacks,
- High Snub: 4.66 Ft/Sec connected to the stripper bowl.

- Rotary table specification

- Max torque : 1000 Ft lbs
- Speed range : 7 to 75 rpm

- Counter balance
- Hoist capacity : 500 lbs
- Max. hyd. operating press :
1500 psi
- Reel capacity : 200' ; 5/32"
cable
- Line speed : 415 Ft/mnt
23 24

INSPECTION & SPECIAL TESTS

Objectives :
* Increase the performance of the equipment
* Increase the number of working hours
* Increase the safety of the personnel

FREQUENCY

INSPECTION / SPECIAL TEST FREQ. (MONTH)

ELNUSA INSPECTION 1/2
SAFETY INSPECTION 1
KC INSPECTION 6
MACARONI INSPECTION 6
DOWN HOLE EQUIPT. INSPEC. 6
PENALTY CALCULATION 1
BJ PUMP TEST 6
POWER PACK TEST 6
BOP TEST 6
SLIP BOWL TEST 6
JACK TEST 6
KOOMEY TEST 2
GAS DETECTOR TEST 1
FIRE DETECTOR TEST 1
ESD TEST 1
FIRE PUMP TEST 1

NOTE :
For detail information Sec SI 04 - 0340
 25 26

SELECTION OF PIPES TUBINGSIZES (INCH) ID(INCH) DRIFT (INCH) WEIGHT (lbs)

2 3/8 EUE 1.995 1.901 4.7
2 7/8 EUE 2.441 2.346 6.5
HYDRILLTUBING WEIGHT(lbs/Ft) ID DRIFT COUPLINGID
3 1/2 VAM 2.992 2.944 9.2
1.315 (N80) 1.8 1.049 0.955 0.970
4 1/2 VAM 3.958 3.83 12.6
1.660 (N80) 2.4 1.38 1.286 1.300
1.900 (N80) 2.9 1.61 1.516 1.530
1900 (P105 / P110) 3.64 1.50 1.406 1.440 TUBINGSIZES (INCH) COUPLINGOD(INCH) CAPACITY(l/m) DISPLACEMNT (l/m)
2 3/8 EUE 3.063 2.02 2.88
2 7/8 EUE 3.669 3.02 4.21
3 1/2 VAM 3.862 4.54 6.26
HYDRILL TUBING COUPLINGOD TORQUE(75 / N80 (COEF:1)
4 1/2 VAM 4.862 7.94 10.35
1.315 (N80) 1.552 40 mkg ; 400 Ft lbs
1.660 (N80) 1.883 85 mkg ; 600 Ft lbs
1.900 (N80) 2.113 110 mkg ; 800 Ft lbs TUBINGSIZES (INCH) NIPPLE(SEAL BORE)

1900 (P105 / P110) 2.162 110 mkg ; 800 Ft lbs 2 3/8 EUE 1.56 ; 1.62 ; 1.81 ; 1.87
2 7/8 EUE 2.25 ; 2.31
3 1/2 VAM 2.75 ; 2.81
4 1/2 VAM 3.68 ; 3.81
HYDRILL TUBING MAXPULLN80 (lbs) COLLAPSEPRESS(PSI) INTERNAL PRESS(PSI)
1.315 (N80) 31,000 (80%) 14550 14160
1.660 (N80) 40,000 (80%) 12360 11800
1.900 (N80) 50,000 (80%) 11280 10680
1900 (P105 / P110) 89,000 (80%) 19780 19340

INTERNAL PRESS(PSI)
HYDRILL TUBING INTERNALVOL(l/m) STEELVOL. (l/m)
3 1/2 tub 4 1/2 tub
1.315 (N80) 0.557 0.332 3.660 7.060
1.660 (N80) 0.9662 0.43 3.140 6.530
1.900 (N80) 1.314 0.52 2.707 6.110
1900 (P105 / P110) 1.140 0.65 2.707 6.110
 27 28

• Macaroni tubing check and maintenance - In addition each tubing shall be stenciled with the API
grade as folows
*) Macaroni tubing check - Grade N80 : (N•) one N followed by one center
- Always deck the drift with an API rabbit punch mark on the sloping face of
- Visually inspect the thread to detect any the upset pin
damage : - Grade P105 : (P••) one P followed by two center
- galling punch marks on the sloping face of
- mechanical damages the upset pin
- corrosion pittings
- box connections shall be checked for - Care and Use
swelling cover torque) - Each connection shall be thoroughly greased & fitted
- Visual body inspection for : with plastic thread protector
- straightnees - Handling shall be done with care
- outside overall condition
- internal condition of tubing - Tally Pipe
- Wall thickness / measurement Before running the mac. Pipe, always measure the length
- the remaining wall thickness not be less of each pipe.
than 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness
- Magnetic particle inspection
- upset area and box ends shall be checked
with an A.C. Yoke and dry magnetic
particles for external check

*) Marketing
- Rejected tubing : colour coded one red
point bands encircling
the tubing close the
direct.
- Serviceable tubing : colour coded with two
white paint bands
encircling the tubing at
a distance not greater
than 2 Ft from the
upset pin.
 29 30

CS HYDRILL THREAD
0
Damaged or mashed 30 shoulder
not permissible.
0
3O SHOULDER & SEAL INTERMEDIATE SHOULDER INTERNAL BORE Minor damage can be hand repaired
K10 SEAL SHOULDER

Minor tool cuts and minor

damage to threads permissible
as long as threads are not rolled
or mashed End at pin (900 bore
shoulder) damage
Minor corrosion on threads must not exceed
Permissible but should be 2/3 of the finished
Removed with a brass wire wheel are Minor damage ok as long as
damage does not cause metal to
0
protrude out ward toward the 30
0
face on the box & the 14 seal on
the pin
 31 32

Corrosion or Minor damage

does not affect the sealing
of the connection
Intermediate shoulder
minor damage ok as
long as metal does not
protrude outward
1/4” Actual sealing area on
1/40 seal, no cut across the
seal area, no corrosion that
has caused bad pitting

1/4” Seal Area cuts or indent

marks more than 1/16” not
permissible or any metal or
not the seal area Starting threads (or foreign objects embedded
minor damage or thread ends) must not in the seal are protruding
corrosion ok be rolled or mashed outward
Surface corrosion ok if not
pitted and removable with
200 Grit Emery Cloth

Bore shoulder minor

damage ok as long 300 seal minor damage
as metal does not ok as long as damage
protrude outward does not exceed 2/3
of the seal

900 on box end must

not be mashed in on
the counter bore, minor
damage can be hand
repair
33 34
 35 36

RIG UP PROCEDURE 5. Pick up BOP stack and set on well. Install the four legs to
FOR SNUBBING secure the BOP stack and then make up the BOP stack.
Use water pass to check vertically of stack.
NOTE : - Clean the groove at ring basket
I. PREPARATION - For dual x-mastree, use half moon
flange adaptor
During moving to new location
•) Change BOP rams to new location 6. Install the jack assembly and basket package on the top
•) Prepare and check rams it necessary of BOP stack. Secure with sling connected to the platform
•) Prepare pipe tally pad eyes, assuming that stack up is vertical and equipped
•) The snubbing rig up check list is filled during the rig up. with guide tubes.

7. Insure the make up is perfectly done.

II. RIG UP PROCEDURE
8. Connect hydraulic hoses, install ladders.
1. Call the well base operator to shut in the well (both string)
bleed off x-mastree top caps and surface lines to the burn 9. Rig up the manifold and the lines.
pit.
10. Install escape lines.
2. Locate the snubbing barge about one meter away from
the platform, pipe rack facing the x-mastree. 11. Raises the gin pole in the basket.

3. Remove the wire line gin pole. NOTE : •) In case of wireline operation with the
snubbing unit :
4. Rig down the surface equipment if necessary. - connect the wireline adapter to the
•) Bleed off control line to close the DHSV stripper bowl, passing thru the top slip
•) Bleed off the well above the DHSV (on burn pit) and snub.
•) Disconnect the gas line (if any) - carry out a standard wireline rig up on
•) Disconnect the top cap flange (or the hanger flange this adapter.
if any, low torque top valve in close position) - estimate the correction factor for the
•) For gas lift surface equipment weight indicator as the angle of the wire
•) Lift the hanger flange and the top valve assy at the hay pulley should not be 900.
with the crane until the 6 locator comes in •) In case of electric logging with the snubbing
contact with the hanger flange. unit :
(Note : beware do not exceed 1500 lbs - carry out a similar procedure above.
pulling capacity, check all valve is open - be sure the crane boom is long enough
position). to hold the top pulley above the
•) Close the upper master valve lubricator (top pulley independent of the
•) Bleed off x-mastree pressure if any lubricator and injection head)
•) Disconnect the adaptor flange and remove all
surface equipment.
 37 38

III. TEST 14. Open safety ram no. 6 and bleed off pressure thru
bleeder valve.
1. FUNCTION TEST 15. Open the kill line.
•) open and close all the rams (from the basket and
from the remote control panel on the barge). NOTE : - if gas injection is planned, anchor the line
•) install macaroni tubing thru BOP' s 1, 2, 3, 4 close then pressure test the line until gas line
snub and connect stabbing valve. valve at 1500 psi for 5 mnts.
•) open and close the slips and snubs, test the fraction - test BPV at 3000 psi for 5 mnts.
to 50 K lbs and compression 25 K lbs. - perform low pressure test first at 300 psi /
•) open and close automatic valves 5 mnts then continued pressurize until
•) move up and down the jacks. desired pressure.
•) check the handling pipe system is running correctly. - test should record.
•) check the koomey pressure (min press : 1500 psi
max press : 3000 psi)

2. PRESSURE TEST OF BOP STACK, LINES AND

MANIFOLD
- check the rams installed will fit for the coming job.
- the equipment must be tested to 5000 psi.

TEST PROCEDURE
1. Pressure up all line and manifold to check if any
leak.
2. Close swab valve on x-mastree.
3. Fill up lines and BOP with water, close Blind Ram.
4. Press. test BOP no. 3 thru kill line for 5 minutes.
5. Bleed off pressure thru manifold bleed off line.
6. Open BOP no. 3 (Blind Ram).
7. Insert mac thru BOP (check the size mac.) until top
of swab valve.
8. Close kill line valve on BOP and connect stand pipe
to stabbing valve.
9. Fill up stand pipe, mac and BOP stack with water.
10. Close BOP no. 1 / stripping ram no. 1 monitor for 5
mnts.
11. Close stripping ram no. 2, bleed off pressure thru
bleeder valve monitored for 5 mnts.
12. Close safety ram no. 5, bleed off pressure thru
bleeder valve monitored 5 mnts.
13. Close safety ram no. 6, bleed off pressure thru
bleeder valve, monitored 5 mnts.
 39 40

RIG DOWN SNUBBING DOWN HOLE EQUIPMENT

PROCEDURE

RIG DOWN PROCEDURE

1. BACK PRESSURE VALVE
Call well base operator, to shut in flowing string if any and bleed off the
lines (flow lines and gas injection lines if any). It is used to prevent the well
pressure to come back thru
1. Retract gin pole. the string while running
macaroni string under
2. Disconnect hydraulic lines. pressure condition.
We have to check and
3. Rig down manifold, open all manifold valve and lines. pressure test prior to run into
the well.
4. Remove escape lines and ladders.

5. Hold the basket + jack package with crane, untight slings from
platform pad eyes and transfer the passage to snubbing barge.

6. Remove the legs, 4 pcs.

7. Transfer BOP stack + well head adaptor package from x-

mastree to snubbing barge. 2. OTIS N BOTTOM NO-GO
NIPPLE & N-MANDREL
8. Install x-mastree top caps or gas lift surface equipment if
necessary. It is used the land pump
down plug (N-Mandrel) by
9. Install wire line gin pole. dropped into macaroni string
and pumped down against
10. Call well operator to flow the well if they want. well bore pressure.
Pump down plug has to BPV
11. Wash x-mastree and platform with soap and fresh water. can not hold the pressure
(leaks).
 41 42

3. MULE SHOE RUNNING / PULLING / W/BUSHING BY WIRE LINE

1. Wear bushing are set and retrieved like a standard DHSV

It is used to easier run the separation sleeve, using a GS pulling / running tool.
macaroni string into the well. It is
located at the bottom of macaroni 2. Applied pressure thru hydraulic control line for :
string. a). Help the latching and to keep the wear bushing in place).
b). Control that the wear bushing remains in place throughout
the whole snubbing operation and mostly during pulling
out.

NOTE : for size 2.81, 1000 psi is the max pressure to be applied
as the wear busing has a wall thickness lower than a
separation sleeve. There fore there is a risk of collapse if
too much pressure is applied.

4. WEAR BUSHING

It is used to protect the seal of

Down Hole Safety Nipple. It is
set at safety nipple by ;
INTERNAL
F/NECK 1. Wire line before running
the macaroni string
when the max outside
NO. GO
diameter of the
macaroni string can
pass through the wear
U-PACKING bushing.
UNIT
2. Snubbing : other case.
 43 44

CROSSING BALANCE POINT B. Procedure snubbing out of hole when pipe heavy to pipe light.
1. Calculate number of joints needed to be snubbed out of
hole to reach the balance point.
Crossing the balance point refers to moving pipe either into or out of a 2. Pull pipe with slips until calculated number of joint are out of
well at the point where the pipe goes from pipe light to pipe heavy or hole.
vice versa. 3. Continue pulling pipe with slips slowly, checking each joint
with the travelling slips to determine if pipe can be moved
Calculate the balance point in pipe footage by multi plying cross down hole.
sectional area by well pressure, the weight of pipe which equals this
valve must then be converted to footage.
NOTE : Most hydraulically operated slips and snubbers will hold
However several variables are involved in determining the point at which several hundred pounds of pipe backwards. This holding
snubs can be changed to slips. These variables include : hydraulic ability can be temporarily increased by increasing hydraulic
pressure on BOP's (changing friction characteristics), friction of rams pressure.
and / or stripper rubber, weight of fluid in work string and tubing as well Once the balance point is crossed, hydraulic pressure
as the difference in the coefficient of sliding friction vs static friction. should be lowered to its normal pressure.
- if possible flow the well to allow more pipe to be pulled
When stripping through stripper rubber (or annular BOP's) the difference in the heavy condition.
between O.D of tool joint and O.D of pipe can create difficulty. - continue pulling pipe until pipe starts to slip thru the
travelling slips using the stationary snubs to control
The variable causing the most problems is difference caused by sliding pipe movement.
vs static friction. It takes more force to start pipe moving (static friction)
then it does to keep pipe moving (sliding friction). Therefore, if snubs are
changed over to slips prematurely it may be difficult to over come the NOTE : Remember / tool joints are more difficult to pull thru stripper
static friction to get the pipe moving. rubbers (or annular BOP's) than the pipe body, pull as
much pipe as possible.
A. Procedure snubbing in hole when pipe light to pipe heavy - change over from slips to snubs (increased slip
1. Calculate number of joints to reach the balance point. pressure may still be temporary required)
2. Snub in hole to calculated point. Do not fill last 30 joints. - increase well pressure by several hundred psi (if
3. Continue snubbing pipe, checking each joint for ability to possible).
pick up the pipe with snubs. - snub out of hole.
4. Allow or cause pressure to build up on well (if possible) by - bleed well pressure back down to normal after pipe
several hundred psi. snubs strongly.
5. Continue snubbing into hole slowly until pipe starts to slips
to control pipe movement.
6. Bleed pressure back down to original well pressure.
7. Fill macaroni with fluid.
8. Change over form subs to slips and continue into hole with
pipe heavy.
 45 46

FISHING OPERATION Do not forget the following points

a). On overshot
- Distance between guide and grapple
1. SELECTION OF FISHING TOOL - Length of grapple.
It is indispensable to know as accurately as possible : - Distance between guide and packer
1. The fish : depth, composite, dimensions, weight. - Distance between guide and top sub.
2. The string : were the fish is lost
composition, dimension, deviation of the b). On Releasing Spear
well. - Distance between bottom nut and grapple
But obviously the most important thing is to know the dimensions - Length of grapple.
the shape, the position of the fish head. - Distance between bottom nut and top sub.

To have these datas three ways can be followed c). On Safety Joint
1. Consult the report - Number of turns to unscrew it.
2. A impression block
3. When it is possible it can be very useful to get similar d). On Bumper Sub, Jar
equipment than these one broker / stuck in the hole. - Stroke

After all the datas are completed, it can be useful to draw, to scale
the fish head in the position it has inside the tubing. 5. FISHING
- Slow down and run carefully few joints before to reach the
supposed depth of the fish.
2. SELECTION OF FISHING STRING - Few meters above the fish rate
a). Macaroni ; stronger is better • Pulling weight
b). BHA ; - use safety joint especially when running • Running weight
non releasing fishing tool. • Pressure at a given pumping rate
- a bumper sub will be run in all cases, - Fishing Operation
even with an hyd. jar. • In doubt do not hesitate to consult the instruction manual
of the concerned tools.
• Mark on the string for a given overpull
3. SURFACE EQUIPMENT • Increase the overpull progressively.
The BOP will be equipped with the proper rams to close on the
fishing string and on the fish (long fish).
6. PULLING THE FISH
Pull slowly and smoothly especially when landing on slips.
4. PREPARATION FISHING STRING
All fishing equipment must be in perfect condition and tested if
possible. All dimension must be reported on a chart.
 47 48

BOWEN SAFETY JOINTS

EXAMPLE OF BOTTOM HOLE ACCESSORIES

The safety is a two - piece special connection that can be located at any
desired point a string of pipe. It will withstand all of the normal
operations of the string, transmit full torque in either direction or, at the
MAC.
MAC. STRING
STRING
will of the operator. It can be easily released to salvage all of that
MAC. STRING portion of the string above it.

LANDING LANDING Made up at any desired point in a drilling fishing, testing, wash over or
NIPPLE NIPPLE
tubing string. It operates as a unit un affected by vibration inertia of the
MAC. PUP
JOINT
MAC. PUP
JOINT
LANDING bit or drill collars, or while rotating out of the well.
NIPPLE

MAC. PUP BPV

MAC. PUP No movement can occur between one two
JOINT
JOINT sections of the safety joint nor can it be
BPV
released without a specific mechanical
MAC. PUP
BPV JOINT procedure.
MAC. PUP
JOINT
To release the safety joint in the hole, rotate
MAC. PUP BPV
JOINT the string to the left, not exceeding s safe
BPV
X - OVER left hand torque load depending on depth
X - OVER
X - OVER
and mechanical conditions.
BUMPER HYD. JAR
SUB

X - OVER HYD. JAR

BUMPER SUB.

JDC PULLING
SAFETY BUMPER SUB.
TOOL WITH
JOINT
PERFORATED
PROBE
X - OVER SAFETY
JOINT
PERFORATED
PUP JOINT

X - OVER OVER SHOT

TAPER TAP
 49 50

Maintaining torque, lower the string on the joint until it breaks. Maintain BOWEN OIL JARS
normal string weight on the joint while unscrewing it.

To re-engage the joint after its release, lower the string until the two The type Z Bowen Oil Jars is a straight - pull
sections of the joint make contact. Apply one point of weight ; rotate to operated jar which employs a patented
left one or two turns, then rotate to the right until torque increase proves combination of proven principles of hydraulics
joint engagement. an mechanics.

This jar is unique in design and operation and

LOCATE SAFETY JOINT is simple to assemble and easy to operate.
No setting or adjustment is required before
1. In drilling strings : It is located for enough above the drill going in the hole or after the fish has been
collars to prevent compression loading engaged.
and to avoid sticky and pin connections
with the OD and ID corresponding to As pull is applied to the jar fluid is metered
the drill pipe tool joints. from one cavity to another through this piston
assembly. By being force through a restricted
2. In fishing string : It is located immediately above the passage, the fluid is retarded in such a
grappling or fishing tool and below any manner that the stroke is delayed until the
accesorry tool such as jars or bumper operator has ample time to take the
subs. necessary stretch in the running string (and
intensifier, when it is used) to strike a blow of
3. In washover string : It is located between the drill pipe and given impact.
the washover string. Washover joints
are provided with a drill pipe box It is use for fishing operation, formation
connection and washover pin testing and coring.
connection. Diameters conform to
washover pin connection. Diameters
conform to washover pipe.
 51 52

BUMPER SUBS BOWEN JAR INTENSIFIERS

It was design to provide a relatively in It is used to supply acceleration to the

expensive yet durable bumper sub for use in upper end of the jar and lower portion of
all fishing operations and used as a feed off the work string during the jarring stroke.
tool when using the predetermined weight
method to cut tubing or casing. It is run in conjunction with the hydraulic jar.

The Bowen Fishing Bumper Sub is simple The intensifier is essentially a fluid spring
yet rugged. It is composed only primary which stores energy when a strain B pulled
parts and a double seal assembly. on the running string. When the strain is
removed by the free stroke of the jar, this
The hexagon - shape mandrel slides in a stored energy is releasing, accelerating the
similar shaped mandrel body to provide drill collars and jar end upward until a blow
continue torque capability. The standard 20" of high impact is struck.
stroke of these tolls is optimum for most
purpose. Full circulation may be maintained A secondary advantage of the too is its
through the bores of the tolls all times. ability to absorb much of the shock of the
Bumper subs are suited for all fishing rebounding string after the jarring stroke,
operations, It will bump down jar up, or help protection tools from damage.
disengage a fish after retrieved.
Operation of the tool is very simple,
requiring only straight pull, as rapidly or as
slowly as required by the operation.
 53 54

CIRCULATING OPERATION

SPECIFICATIONS - BOWEN JAR INTENSIFIER (For Hyd. Jars)

SIZE& CONNECTION 1 13/16 1 1/4 2 3/8 2 3/8 2 3/8 2 7/8 2 7/8 2 7/8 CIRCULATION PROCEDURE
Wilson A.P.I A.P.I. A.P.I E.U.E. A.P.I A.P.I. E.U.E
F.J. Reg. Reg I.F. Reg. Reg.

OUTSIDEDIAMETER- Inches 1 13/16 2 1/4 3 1/8 3 3/4 3 3/4 3 3/4 3 3/4 4 1/2 1. Prepare the bottom hole assembly as per drawing.
INSIDEDIAMETER - Inches 5/16 3/8 1 1 1/2 1 7/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 2 3/8
2. Install the stripper rubber in the stripper bowl.
JARS USEDWITH: 74723 54020 52504 52528 52497 52506 1 15/16 52653
3. RIH the mule shoe just above the swab valve close slibs and
18775 42736 37406 20150 38040 52502 35849 scrubs. Test BPV's at 3000 psi.
TOTAL STROKETO 4. Open slowly the x-mas tree swab valve and RIH.
SOLID - Inches 6 6 8 3/4 7 7/8 7 5/8 8 1/4 44483 10 3/8
5. Every 40 joints of macaroni pump the internal vol. Of macaroni
string to make sure BPV do not plug.
6. When the depth is reached, close BOP no. 1 connect stabbing
SPECIFICATIONS - BOWEN FISHING BUMPER SUBS valve on macaroni and stand pipe to stabbing valve. Start
CONNECTION 1 1/4 1 1/4 2 3/8 2 3/8 2 3/8 2 7/8 circulation it can be necessary to choke the return if there is
Ext. F.L A.P.I Reg. A.P.I. Reg. A.P.I. I.F E.U.E A.P.I. Reg.
pressure in the well.
OUTSIDEDIAMETER - Inches 1 13/16 2 1/4 3 5/32 3 3/4 3 3/4 3 3/4
Never make the return to the barge if gas or oil are coming out of
INSIDEDIAMETER- Inches 3/8 1/2 1 1 1/2 1 7/8 1 1/4
the well but flow to burn pit, except if an efficient separator or
STROKEINCHES 20 20 20 20 20 20
scrubber is available.
7. When the circulation is completed. Open BOP no. 1 and POOH.

NOTE : - check amount of drill water or diesel oil in snubbing

barge as program request.
 55 56

WELL START UP

PURPOSE

Well start up program is used to start the well flow by injecting the gas
MACARONI STRING thru the macaroni string which will reduce the hydro static column of
liquid in tubing to achieve reservoir pressure is greater than hydrostatic
column.

PROCEDURE

LANDING NIPPLE - If a wire line job is necessary (DHSV to be retrieve, zone change,
fluid level check, etc) install the wire line adaptor and perform the
wire line job the remove the wire line adaptor.
PUP JOINT
- Well start up :
- Prepare the BHA as per drawing
BPV - Install the stripper rubber in stripper bowl.
- RIH the mule shoe just above the swab valve, close slips and
snubs and BOP no. 1 Test BPV's at 3000 psi
- Open slowly the x-mas tree swab valve and RIH at 300 m.
ONE JOINT - Every 40 joints of pump the internal volume mac. String to
MACARONI avoid plugging at BPV.

NOTE : •) BPV should also test or surface at 3000 psi

•) Mac. pipe should flush with the water
•) Function test SDV and anchor the inject line.
BPV
- Close the BOP no.1, connect the stabbing valve, on the
macaroni and the stand pipe to stabbing valve with rig grade
MULE SHOE line.
- Test the gas injection line at the maximum gas pressure
available.
- Bleed off the pressure, open the well to the burn pit or test
barge and start the gas injection.

NOTE : Record kick off pressure, rate of gas and WHFC & WHFT.
 57 58

- If the well doesn't flow by it self, close the gas injection, bleed CEMENTATION
off the macaroni and RIH 200 m deeper.
- Start again the gas injection.
- If the well is still not flowing by it self RIH deeper and proceed I. GENERAL
as per above steps.
- hen the well cam flow by it self, stop the gas injection bleed off This S.I. gives example of general procedures to perform a
the macaroni. cementation through a macaroni string.
- Open BOP no. 1 and POOH macaroni through the stripper
bowl. However as very LWO is a special case due to the
- When the mule shoe is just above the swab valve, close it and characteristic of the well and of the zone, a special procedure is
bleed off pressure above it. written every time in the LWO program.
- Remove the equipment.
These procedures may be applied with or without squeeze in
NOTE : The starting up of gas well is more oritical, Particularly perforation.
care must be taken to avoid the well starting strongly.
After calculation of the teoritical starting point, if no 1. Run of an open ended macaroni string and spot a
success R/H the string only 50 m deeper each time. balanced cement plug.
Adjustable choke should be used to control any This is performed below LS or SS tail pipe.
damage line. 2. Run of a seal assembly with macaroni in an existing seal
bore of the completion (SSD, nipple), the cement plug
may be balanced with a spacer of the specific gravity to
allow easy access below.
3. Installation of tubing stop + pack off assy and check valve
by wire line, then run a macaroni stringer.
Therefore when cement is not displaced in balance, the
only way to know where is the cement is to check on the
volume returned from the well (providing there is no fluid
loss in formation).
4. After cement squeeze, reserve circulation can be
performed only if a sufficient squeeze off pressure have
been reached. This is to prevent over squeeze of cement
thus isolation failure.
A difference of 1000 psi, between squeeze off pressure
and reverse circulation, pressure is required to safely
perform reverse circulation.
Between 500 to 1000 psi difference, reverse circulation
can still be performed by reducing the pump rate.
Below 500 psi difference, no reverse circulation should be
performed unless in case of emergency the macaroni will
then be cleaned on the barge by flushing with water hose.
 59 60

This is performed in tubing when no lower access is needed. NOTES :

Notes : - In procedure 2 & 3 tubing punchers may be - Few days before the job a test will be done to adjust the
needed to circulate cement in the interval to be concentration of additives mainly retarder, required to get the
isolated. rhology parameter and thickening time according to the quality of
- The specific gravity of the cement is usually the cement and the type of the type of job to be performed,
1.70 gr/cc. Thickening time is usually set between 5 to 7 hours.
When the cement slurry is prepared for the job, keep some
samples to check the thickening time.
II. PROCEDURE - When cement slurry is pumped and displaced in the macaroni
string. It will go down faster than the pumping rate due to its
1. Before starting this job, the wire line must check if the higher density compared with water.
tubing is free of leaks above the zone to cemented, in - To be able to perform reverse circulation no BPV is run the
order to know if reverse circulation can be performed. macaroni string.
2. Prepare BHA Therefore if it is necessary to plug the macaroni at the bottom, a
3. Bleed of f the well to the burn pit and kill if necessary. plug can be pumped down to the nipple seat.
4. Open the x-mas tree swab valve and RIH macaroni.
5. Check circulation, record parameters.
6. Engage the landing shoe in the nipple and slack off 3000 BHA
lbs on it. Close the BOP no. 1 and pressurize the annulus
macaroni tubing to check the sealing of the landing shoe. MAX STRING
7. Perform an injectivity test. 1.9" CS HYDRILL
8. Of ok, mix the cement slurry. NO. 90

9. Strip to pull out cement 1 meter.

SEAL LOCATION
10. Displace the cement slurry in the macaroni, check return
of the gauge tank. MAC STRING
TO SEAL AT SSD
11. Before the cement reach the bottom of macaroni close 1.9 CS HYDRILL 2.9# N80
(should be clean and drift)
return valve then string in the seal bore and slack 3K lbs. MAC. STRING
12. Squeeze cement on the formation (not always required). 1.9" CS HYDRILL
13. Pull out macaroni 1 meter and make the reverse
circulation to clear the macaroni from the cement excess CROSS OVER
(return to the burn bit). 1.900 X 1660
14. An acid flush of 2 bbls of 7.5% HCl may be circulated to
the end of macaroni then reverse circulated to remove
LANDING NIPPLE MAC. STRING
cement scale. 1.660" CS HYDRILL
15. POOH macaroni string.

STRINGER ON
MULE SHOE
SEAL ASSEMLY
 61 62

CONVERTION FACTORS Multiply by To Obtain

Liters 0.2642 Gallons

Multiply by To Obtain Liters 0.03531 Cubic Feet
Atmospheres 14.696 Psi
Millimeter 0.0394 Inches Bars 14.503 Psi
Inch 2.54 Centimeters
Centimeter 0.3937 Inches
Meter 3.281 Feet Derrived Constans
Foot 0.3048 Meters
Foot 12 Inches * Fresh Water
Inches 0.0833 Feet Weight : 8.33 pounds per VS gallon
Meter 39.370 Inches Density : 62.4 pounds per cu.ft or
Square Inch 6.4516 Square Centimeters 1 kg / ltr.
Square Cm 0.155 Square Inch SG : 1
Square Meter 10.7639 Square Feet API Gravity : 100
Square Feet 0.0929 Square Meters Gradient : 0.433 psi / ft.
Square Inch 0.00694 Square Feet
Kilograms 2.20462 Pounds * Gradient of Substances (psi / ft)
Tons (Metric) 1000 Kilograms Gases : < 0.130
Tons (Metric) 2204.622 Pounds Condensates : 0.230 - 0.290
Pounds 0.4536 Kilograms Oils : 0.290 - 0.390
Barrels 5.614 Cubic Feet Waters : 0.420 - 0.495
Barrels 0.15898 Cubic Meters
T o f in d th e d o w n h o le p r e s s u r e , m u lt ip ly t h e s u r f a c e b y th e f a c to r
c o r r e s p o n d in g t o t h e d e p t h a n d g a s g r a v it y
G A S G R A D IE N T C O R R E C T IO N F A C T O R S
Barrels 42 Gallons D e p th G
0 .5 0
r a v it y G
0 .6 5
r a v it y
0 .7 0
G r a v it y
0 .7 5
G r a v it y
0 .8 0
G r a v it y
0 .8 5
G r a v it y G
0 .9 0
r a v it y

Barrels 159 Liters 1

1
2
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
.0 2 1 0
.0 3 1 7
.0 4 2 5
1
1
1
.0 2 2 8
.0 3 4 4
.0 4 6 2
1 .0 2 4 6
1 .0 3 7 1
1 .0 4 9 8
1 .0 2 6 4
1 .0 3 9 8
1 .0 5 3 5
1 .0 2 8 2
1 .0 4 2 5
1 .0 5 7 1
1 .0 2 2 9
1 .0 4 5 3
1 .0 6 0 8
1
1
1
.0 3 1 7
.0 4 8 0
.0 6 4 5
Cubic Feet 7.480 Gallons 2
3
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.0 5 3 5
.0 6 4 5
1
1
.0 5 8 0
.0 7 0 0
1 .0 6 2 6
1 .0 7 5 6
1 .0 6 7 3
1 .0 8 1 2
1 .0 7 1 9
1 .0 8 6 9
1 .0 7 6 6
1 .0 9 2 6
1
1
.0 8 1 2
.0 9 8 3

Cubic Feet 28.316 Liters 3

4
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.
.
0
0
7
8
5
6
6
9
1
1
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0
0
8
9
2
4
2
5
1
1
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.
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1
8
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8
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1
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1
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.
.
1
1
0
2
8
5
8
3
1
1
.
.
1
1
1
3
5
3
6
1

Liter / Meter 0.00192 Bbl / Ft 4

5
5
5
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
.
.
.
0
1
1
9
0
2
8
9
1
3
8
4
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1
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.
1
1
1
0
1
3
6
9
2
9
4
1
1
1
1
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.
.
1
1
1
1
2
4
5
9
3
6
2
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1
1
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.
.
1
1
1
2
3
5
4
9
4
3
0
0
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1
1
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1
1
1
3
4
6
3
9
5
1
0
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1
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1
1
1
4
5
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2
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6
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0
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1
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.
.
.
1
1
1
5
6
8
1
9
7
0
1
5
Liter / Meter 0.0805 Gallon / Ft 6 0 0 0 1 . 1 3 3 1 1 . 1 4 5 0 1 . 1 5 7 0 1 . 1 6 9 1 1 . 1 8 1 3 1 . 1 9 3 7 1 . 2 0 6 2

Cubic Feet Water 62.366 Pounds 6

7
7
5
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
.
.
.
1
1
1
4
5
6
5
7
9
0
0
1
1
1
1
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.
.
1
1
1
5
7
8
8
1
4
0
1
4
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1
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.
.
1
1
1
7
8
9
1
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9
1
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8
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1
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2
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7
4
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1
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2
2
2
2
4
6
5
4
4
2
5
1

(600 F) 8 0 0 0 1 . 1 8 1 3 1 . 1 9 7 9 1 . 2 1 4 6 1 . 2 3 1 6 1 . 2 4 8 8 1 . 2 6 6 3 1 . 2 8 4 0

8 5 0 0 1 . 1 9 3 7 1 . 2 1 1 4 1 . 2 2 9 5 1 . 2 4 7 7 1 . 2 6 6 3 1 . 2 8 5 1 1 . 3 0 4 2
Cubic Meters 6.289 Barrels 9 0 0 0
9 5 0 0
1
1
.
.
2
2
0
1
6
8
2
8
1
1
.
.
2
2
2
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3
3
0
2
4
3
2
6
1
1
.
.
3
3
2
4
4
5
7
6

Cubic Meters 35.3146 Cubic Feet 1 0 0 0 0

1 0 5 0 0
1
1
.
.
2
2
3
4
1
4
6
5
1
1
.
.
2
2
5
6
3
7
2
4
1
1
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2
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9
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1
7
4
4
4
1
1
.
.
3
3
2
3
0
8
1
6
1
1
.
.
3
3
4
6
3
3
3
2
1
1
.
.
3
3
6
8
6
8
8
3

Cubic Meters 264.172 Gallons 1

1
1
1
0
5
0
0
0
0
1
1
.
.
2
2
5
7
7
0
5
7
1
1
.
.
2
2
8
9
1
6
8
3
1
1
.
.
3
3
0
2
6
2
5
4
1
1
.
.
3
3
3
4
1
9
7
1
1
1
.
.
3
3
5
7
7
6
3
3
1
1
.
.
3
4
8
0
3
4
5
1
1
1
.
.
4
4
1
3
0
2
2
4

Gallons 0.02381 Barrels

1 2 0 0 0 1 . 2 8 4 0 1 . 3 1 1 0 1 . 3 3 8 6 1 . 3 6 6 8 1 . 3 9 5 6 1 . 4 2 4 9 1 . 4 5 4 9
1 2 5 0 0 1 . 2 9 7 4 1 . 3 2 5 9 1 . 3 5 5 0 1 . 3 8 4 7 1 . 4 1 5 1 1 . 4 4 6 1 1 . 4 7 7 8
1 3 0 0 0 1 . 3 1 1 0 1 . 3 4 0 9 1 . 3 7 1 5 1 . 4 0 2 8 1 . 4 3 4 9 1 . 4 6 7 6 1 . 5 0 1 1

Gallons 0.003785 Cubic Meters 1

1
3
4
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.
.
3
3
2
3
4
8
7
6
1
1
.
.
3
3
5
7
6
1
1
5
1
1
.
.
3
4
8
0
8
5
3
3
1
1
.
.
4
4
2
3
1
9
2
9
1
1
.
.
4
4
5
7
4
5
9
3
1
1
.
.
4
5
8
1
9
1
4
6
1
1
.
.
5
5
2
4
4
8
7
7
Gallons 3.785 Liters 1
1
4
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.
.
3
3
5
6
2
6
6
8
1
1
.
.
3
4
7
0
8
2
1
8
1
1
.
.
4
4
2
3
2
9
5
8
1
1
.
.
4
4
5
7
8
7
7
8
1
1
.
.
4
5
9
1
5
6
9
8
1
1
.
.
5
5
3
5
4
6
0
8
1
1
.
.
5
5
7
9
3
7
1
9

Gallon Per Minute 34.296 Barrels Per Day

1 5 5 0 0 1 . 3 8 1 1 1 . 4 1 8 8 1 . 4 5 7 5 1 . 4 9 7 2 1 . 5 3 8 0 1 . 5 8 0 0 1 . 6 2 3 1

1 6 0 0 0 1 . 3 9 5 6 1 . 4 3 4 9 1 . 4 7 5 3 1 . 5 1 6 8 1 . 5 5 9 5 1 . 6 0 3 5 1 . 6 4 8 6

Gallon Per Minute 227.1 Liters Per Hour 1

1
6
7
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
.
.
4
4
1
2
0
4
2
9
1
1
.
.
4
4
5
6
1
7
1
6
1
1
.
.
4
5
9
1
3
1
3
6
1
1
.
.
5
5
3
5
6
6
7
8
1
1
.
.
5
6
8
0
1
3
3
5
1
1
.
.
6
6
2
5
7
1
3
5
1
1
.
.
6
7
7
0
4
0
6
9
1 7 5 0 0 1 . 4 3 9 8 1 . 4 8 4 3 1 . 5 3 0 0 1 . 5 7 7 2 1 . 6 2 5 9 1 . 6 7 6 0 1 . 7 2 7 7
1 8 0 0 0 1 . 4 5 4 9 1 . 5 0 1 1 1 . 5 4 8 7 1 . 5 9 7 9 1 . 6 4 8 6 1 . 7 0 0 9 1 . 7 5 4 9
 63 64

CALCULATION SNUBBING & PULLING FOR JACK

•) Basic Formula
•) Pressure, Area & Force * Snub. Area = 0.785 x (CB2 - Dp2) x N

* Ph = 0.052 x P x h Ph = Hydrostatic Pressure, psi * Pulling Area = 0.785 x CB2 x N CB = Cylinder bore, inch
Ph = 0.433 x SG x h P = PPG Dp = Dia. piston, inch
h = depth, ft N = Number of active
cylinder
* Ph = 1.422 x SG x h h = depth, m
note : P = SG x 8.33 ppg * Snub. Force = 0.785 x (CB2 - Dp2) x N x P
* Pulling Force = 0.785 x CB2 x N x P
* F = PxA F = Force, lbs P = Hydraulic operating
P = Pressure, psi pressure, (psi)
A = Area, sq. inch

* A = 1/4π x D2 D = Diameter, inch BUOYED WEIGHT

π = 3.14159
* Pipe is Empty / Plugged Pipe / BPV
(air weight is ommited, BOP Friction & Coupling ignored)
* Snubbing Force
* Snub Force = Pressure area Force + Friction W = L x { Pipe wt - 0.0408 x (OD)2 x Mw}
= 0.785 x D2 x P + Friction, lbs W = Amount of effective weight, lbs
L = Length of pipe in fluid in the well, ft
Pipe Wt = The air weight of the pipe per foot, lbs/ft
Applied Snubbing Force 0.0408 = (0.785 x 0.052)
Mw = Fluid weight in well, ppg.

* The pipe has fluid in it (Plugged pipe / BPV)

Frictional Force W = L x {Pipe Wt - 0.0408 x (OD)2 x Mw} + Wi
Wi = increase in effective string weight (lbs), by filling the
pipe.
L = Length of pipe with fluid in it, ft
ID = Inside diameter of pipe (inches)
0.0408 = (0.785 x 0.052)
Mw = Fluid weight in pipe, ppg.
 65 66

* The if filled with a fluid of a different density than the fluid in the * Max. Main System Press. when Pushing Pipe
well. Into the well (to prevent buckling)
Wd = L x {Pipe Wt + [ID)2 x 0.0408 x Mw1] - [(OD)2 x
0.0408 x Mw2]}
Wd = Buoyed weight of pipe in well with different fluid in Down Force 70% Critical Buckling Load
MSP = =
its, lbs. EA 0.785 x N x (D 2 d 2 )
L = Length of pipe in fluid in the well, ft
Pipe Wt = The air weight of the pipe per foot, lbs / ft Down Force = Max. Allowable Buckling Load
0.0408 = (0785 x 0.052) (70% Critical Buckling Load)
Mw1 = Fluid weight in pipe, ppg EA = Effective Jack Area, sq. inch
Mw2 = Fluid weight in well, ppg MSP = Main System Pressure
ID = Inside diameter of pipe, inches D = Cylinder ID, inch
d = Piston Rod Diameter, inch
* Open Ended
Mw
W = L x Pipe Wt x {1 - }
65.5 * Jack Speed Calculation
W = Buoyed weight of open ended pipe, lbs
Mw = Fluid weight, ppg
•) Applying a Snubbing Force
Mw
1- = Buoyancy factor Q x 24.51
65.5 Speed = , ft / mnt
N x (Bc 2 Dp 2 )

•) Applying a Lifting Force

WEIGHT OF TUBING
Q x 24.51
10.68 X (OD - wall thickness) x wall thickness, lbs / ft Speed = , ft / mnt
N x Bc 2
* Balanced Point
•) Operating in *)Regenerative mode :
Force up = Force down
Q x 24.51
0.785 xD 2 xWHP Speed = , ft / mnt
L = N x Dp 2
PipeWt
L = Length of pipe in balanced point condition, ft
•) Lifting Force Regenerative mode :
D = diameter, inch
Force = 0.785 x N x Dp 2 x P , lbs
WHP = Well pressure, psi
Pipe Wt = The weight of the pipe per foot, ppf
= can be changed due to buoyancy factor
 67 68

Where : HYDRAULIC CYLINDER SCHEMATIC

• Q = The volumetric output of the power pack (to the
jack) at the operating pressure, GPM
• Speed = The Jack Speed, ft / min Piston Rod
Diameter
• N = Number of active cylinders
• Bc = Cylinder Bore, inch
• Dp = Piston Rod Diameter, inch
• Force = Lift Force generated in regenerative mode, lbs
• P = Hydraulic Operating Pressure, psi
Hydraulic Pressure
*) To Snub
Regenerative Mode : also known as operating in high
gear. It may be used in addition to
by passing two cylinders. Hydraulic
oil from above the pistons is routed
to the hydraulic cylinders below the
pistons to augment the supply from
the power pack. This will increasing Hydraulic Pressure
To Lift
the speed off the jack and reducing
the load capacity.
Cylinder Bore

Regenerative Hydraulic
Hydraulic To Lift
Fluid

REGENERATIVE OPERATING MODE

 69 70

* Calculate Capacity * Useful Data for Volume Calculation

ID 2 Tubing Size Internal Vol. (l/m)

•) String Capacity = Bbl / ft
1029 2 3 8 EUE 2.02
ID : Inside dia. of tubular good
2 7 8 EUE 3.02

ID 2 OD 2 3 12 VAM 4.54
•) Annulus Capacity = Bbl / ft
1029 4 12 VAM 7.94
ID : Inside dia. of production tubing, inch
OD : Outside dia. of macaroni, inch

•) Displacement Capacity Hydrill Tubing Internal Vol. (l/m) Steel Vol. (l/m)
1.315 (N80) 0.5570 0.332
1.660 (N80) 0.9662 0.430
- open pipe 1.900 (N80) 1.3140 0.520
OD 2 ID 2 1.900 (P105/P110) 1.1400 0.650
displacement capacity = Bbl / ft
1029

Annulus Vol. (Macaroni OD to Tubing ID) (l/m)

- plugged pipe (w/BPV)
Hydrill Tubing 2 38 2 78 3 12 4 12
OD 2
displacement capacity = Bbl / ft 1.315 (N80) 1.131 2.131 3.660 7.060
1029 1.660 (N80) 0.6238 1.6238 3.140 6.530
ID : Inside dia. of macaroni 1.900 (N80) 0.186 1.186 2.707 6.110
OD : Outside dia. of macaroni 1.900 (P105/P110) 0.23 1.23 2.707 6.110

•) 1 cycle (surface to bit - bit to surface)

= String capacity + annulus capacity
 71 72

ACCUMULATOR SIZING RAM TO RAM METHOD

•) Useable Volume = 1.5 x Volume to close - open - close All In case of high pressure condition (above 1500 psi), the snubbing
Preventers operation is performed with ram to ram running / pulling method. This
method is done by activate stripper rams no. 1 and no. 2.
•) Bottle Volume = 2 x Useable Volume
(3000 psi WP)
•) Ram to Ram Method - Running
Ex :
Stack has 4 rams ①
Volume to close each ram 0.64 Gal
Volume to open each ram 0.68 Gal •) Lowered macaroni until just above
swab valve
Sizing Calculation •) Closed stripper rams 2
Useable Volume = 1.5 x 4 (0.64 + 0.68 + 0.64)
= 11.76 Gal
Bottle Volume = 2 x 11.76
= 23.52 Gal

Each Bottle = 10 Gal

23.52
Bottle required = = 2.35 ≈ 3 bottles
10

SWAB VALVE CLOSED

②
RAM TO RAM METHOD
In case of high pressure condition (above 1500 psi), the snubbing •) Open the swab valve
operation is performed with ram to ram running / pulling method. This •) Lowered macaroni until the tool
method is done by activate stripper rams no. 1 and no. 2. joint just above stripper rams 2
•) Closed stripper rams 1
•) Useable Volume = 1.5 x Volume to close - open - close All •) Equalize pressure
Preventers

SWAB VALVE OPEN

 73 74

③ ⑤
•) After bleeding pressure opened
•) Opened stripper rams 2 stripper no. 1.
•) Lowered macaroni until the next •) Lowered macaroni until toll joint
tool joint just above stripper no. 1. just above stripper no. 2 and
below stripper no. 1.

⑥
④ •) Closed stripper no.1.
•) Equalize pressure
•) Closed stripper no. 2 •) Back to step no. 3 and so on.
•) Bleed off pressure between
stripper no. 1 and no. 2.
 75 76

RAM TO RAM PULLING ③

① •) Opened stripper no. 1

•) Closed stripper rams no. 1 •) Pull macaroni until the next tool
•) Pull macaroni until tool joint just joint just below stripper no. 2.
below stripper no.1.

② •) Closed stripper no. 1

•) Closed stripper no. 2 •) Equalize pressure
•) Bleed off pressure between
stripper no. 1 and no. 2.
 77 78

⑤
•) Back to the step no. 1 and so on
•) At the last joint pull macaroni
string until just the swab valve
•) Closed swab valve
•) Bleed off pressure above swab
valve

Swab Valve
Closed

⑥
•) Opened stripper ram no.1
•) Finish