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4.4.1.6 Hot wrought, turned, ground, and polished. 6.2 Specimens—Grain size specimens shall be taken in
4.4.1.7 Hot wrought, rough turned. accordance with Test Methods E 112.
4.4.2 Squares and Hexagons—Cold drawn. 6.3 Number of Tests—Not less than one grain size test shall
4.4.3 Flats: be made per heat.
4.4.3.1 Cold drawn. 6.4 Test Method—Grain size shall be determined in accor-
4.4.3.2 Cold rolled. dance with the comparison method of Test Methods E 112.
4.5 Heat Treatment—When required, the bars shall be
furnished in one of the following heat-treated conditions as 7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
specified by the purchaser:
7.1 Workmanship—The bars shall be free of pipe, cracks,
4.5.1 Annealed and cold finished,
and flakes. Within the limits of good manufacturing and
4.5.2 Spheroidize annealed and cold finished,
inspection practices, the bars shall be free of injurious seams,
4.5.3 Normalized and cold finished,
laps, segregation, or other imperfections which, due to their
4.5.4 Cold drawn and stress relieved,
nature, degree, or extent, will interfere with the use of the
4.5.5 Normalized, cold finished, and stress relieved,
material in machining or fabrication of suitable parts.
4.5.6 Normalized, tempered, and cold finished,
4.5.7 Annealed, cold finished, and stress relieved, 7.2 Surface Finish:
4.5.8 Quenched and tempered and cold finished, 7.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall have a
4.5.9 Quenched and tempered, cold finished, and stress commercial bright smooth surface finish obtained by conven-
relieved, or tional cold-finishing operations such as cold drawing, cold
4.5.10 Carbon restoration annealed to overcome surface rolling, or turning and polishing.
decarburization on cold-drawn bars. (For round bars produced 7.2.2 Bars that are thermal treated after cold finishing may
by turning, surface decarburization is removed during the have a discolored or oxidized surface.
manufacturing process.) 7.3 Oiling—The bars shall be given a surface coating of oil
or other rust inhibitor to protect against rust during shipment.
5. Chemical Composition
5.1 Cast or Heat Analysis: 8. General Requirements
5.1.1 The cast analysis of the steel shall conform to that 8.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
specified in Specification A 29/A 29M for the steel grade form to the applicable requirements for the current edition of
ordered, or to such other limits as may be specified using the Specification A 29/A 29M.
standard ranges in Specification A 29/A 29M.
5.1.2 When required, steels may also be selected from Fed. 9. Certification
Std. No. 66, the SAE Handbook, or the AISI Steel Products
Manual for Alloy Cold-Finished Bars. 9.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a
manufacturer’s certification that the material was manufactured
6. Metallurgical Requirements and tested in accordance with this specification together with a
6.1 Grain Size—When required, austenitic grain size may report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of
be specified as either coarse (grain size 1 to 5, inclusive) or fine shipment.
(grain size 5 to 8, inclusive). The grain structure shall be
considered satisfactory if 70 % is within the specified size 10. Keywords
limits. 10.1 alloy steel bars; cold-finished steel bars; steel bars
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
When either Supplementary Requirement S1 or S2 is specified, the bars shall be subjected to mill
tests and inspection procedures to ensure internal soundness, uniformity of chemical composition, and
freedom from injurious surface defects to the extent that the bars shall be suitable for the manufacture
of identified parts.
S1. Cold Working Quality to mill tests and inspection and freedom from injurious surface
S1.1 This classification encompasses bars subject to severe imperfections to the extent that the bars shall be suitable for the
cold plastic deformation such as, but not limited to, upsetting, manufacture of identified parts. The quality requirements of
heading, forging, and forward or backward extrusion. individual application vary.
S1.2 If the type of steel or chemical composition does not
have adequate cold working characteristics, appropriate ther- S2. Nonmetallic Inclusion Requirement
mal treatments should be specified. S2.1 The nonmetallic inclusion requirement comprises a
S1.3 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified, the metallographic examination of longitudinal sections to deter-
bars shall be produced by manufacturing practices and subject mine the nature and frequency of the nonmetallic inclusion.
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Experience indicates that samples taken midway between the ing the nonmetallic inclusion content of steel are described in
center and surface of the bloom, billet, slab, or bar are most Practice E 45.
representative of the average inclusion content of the lot S2.2 For resulfurized steels, much of the sulfur is present as
involved. The test specimen is generally heated and quenched sulfide inclusions. For this reason, those steels are not generally
to harden it before being polished to avoid polishing pits. The produced to inclusion rating.
specimen is examined at 100 diameters. Methods for determin-
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