Stepper Motor Introduction PDF
Stepper Motor Introduction PDF
Stepper Motor Introduction PDF
Stepper Motors
Stepper Motors A-1
Overview,
Overview, Product Series............................................................................ A-2 Product
Series
0.36°/Geared 0.36°/Geared
AR Series ································································································································ A-20 AR
0.36°/Geared
0.36°/Geared
Absolute AZ Series ············································································································ A-74 Absolute
AZ
0.72°/Geared 0.72°/Geared
RK Series····························································································································· A-84 RK
0.36°/Geared 0.36°/Geared
AR Series ······························································································································ A-136 AR
0.36°/Geared
0.36°/Geared
Absolute AZ Series ·········································································································· A-196 Absolute
AZ
0.72°/0.36°/Geared 0.72°/0.36°
/Geared
CRK Series ··························································································································· A-206 CRK
1.8°/Geared 1.8°/Geared
RBK Series ··························································································································· A-214 RBK
1.8°/0.9°/Geared 1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
CMK Series ·························································································································· A-220 CMK
0.72° 0.72°
All-in-One
All-in-One PKA Series····································································································· A-226 PKA
1.8°/0.9° 1.8°/0.9°
PKP Series/PK Series ····································································································· A-234 PKP/PK
Geared Geared
PKP Series ··························································································································· A-256 PKP
0.72°/0.36° 0.72°/0.36°
PKP Series ··························································································································· A-266 PKP
fluctuations and accelerations. The Built-in Pulse Input Type Built-in Pulse Input Type
rotor position detection sensor Controller Type Controller Type
monitors the rotation speed and AR Series AC Power Supply Input AZ Series AC Power Supply Input
amount. When an overload condition AC Power Supply Input AC Power Supply Input
is detected, it will instantaneously Heat generation by the motor has been significantly reduced By incorporating the newly developed absolute sensor,
through higher efficiency. Stepper motors are suitable for absolute-type positioning is now possible without a battery.
regain control using the closed loop
short distance, quick, repetitive positioning operations.
mode. When an overload condition
List Price starting from $937.00 Page A-74
The AR Series and AZ Series offer continuous duty
continues it will output an alarm operation due to their design and construction. Wide Variety of Geared Types
Page A-84
What Is FLEX?
FLEX is the collective name for products that support I/O control, Modbus
(RTU) control, and FA network control via network converters.
These products enable simple connection and simple control, shortening
the total lead time for system construction. Overview,
Product
Series
AC Input
Stepper Motor and Driver Packages Product Line Page A-4 Motor &
Driver
AR
0.36°/Geared
Built-in Absolute Sensor
Standard
Absolute
AZ
Models
0.72°/Geared
Absolute position RK
detection at the motor
shaft with ±900 rotations
AR
Heat generation by the motor has been significantly reduced through higher By incorporating the newly developed absolute sensor, absolute-
efficiency. Stepper motors are suitable for short-distance, quick, repetitive type positioning is now possible without a battery. 0.36°/Geared
positioning operations, so these operations can be used with these stepper A compact and lightweight DC input driver is included.
motors without having to worry about the duty cycle. List Price starting from $762.00 Absolute
AZ
A compact and lightweight DC input driver is included.
List Price starting from $485.00 Page A-196
0.72°/0.36°
/Geared
Page A-136 CRK
1.8°/Geared
RBK
1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
CMK
0.72°
All-in-One
PKA
CRK Series DC Power Supply Input Built-in
Controller Type
The CRK Series is a motor and driver package combining a 0.72°/0.36° stepper PKA Series DC Power Supply Input
Motor Only
motor with a compact and low-vibration board driver offering Oriental Motor's An all-in-one 0.72° stepper motor with the driver
proprietary Smooth Drive Function. High-torque types and compact geared motors integrated into the motor. This contributes to space saving
are available. and size reduction of the equipment.
List Price starting from $325.00 1.8°/0.9°
List Price starting from $415.00 PKP/PK
Page A-206 Page A-226
Geared
PKP
CMK Series DC Power Supply Input RBK Series DC Power Supply Input
0.72°/0.36°
This package consists of a 1.8°/0.9° stepper The RBK Series is a motor and driver package consisting PKP
motor and a 24 VDC input microstep board of a 1.8° step angle stepper motor and DC input microstep
driver. This contributes to a reduction in the driver.
size and vibration of the equipment. It includes Oriental Motor's proprietary Smooth Drive
List Price starting from $241.00 Function to easily achieve low vibration operation. Accessories
List Price starting from $387.00
Page A-220
Page A-214
Series
Series
Overview,
Product
Series
AC Input
Motor &
Driver
■DC Input Stepper Motor and Driver Packages
0.36°/Geared
Classification DC Input Stepper Motor and Driver Packages
AR
Standard Package Built-in Absolute Sensor High Torque, Low Vibration
0.36° AR Series 0.36° Absolute AZ Series 1.8° RBK Series 0.36°/Geared
Absolute
AZ
Series 0.72°/Geared
RK
DC Input
Motor &
Driver
Reference Page Page A-136 Page A-196 Page A-214
0.36°/Geared
● High efficiency and low heat generation ● Reduced wiring and reduced system cost ● Low vibration, low noise
Key Features ● Continuous operation and extended function ● Uses multiple rotation absolute sensor ● Highest torque for entire speed range AR
● Conforms to international safety standards ● No battery required ● Wide variety of motors
0.36°/Geared
Control Method Closed Loop Closed Loop Open Loop Absolute
Basic Step Angle 0.36˚ (Resolution setting: 1000 P/R) 0.36˚ (Resolution setting: 1000 P/R) 1.8˚ AZ
Excitation Mode Microstep Microstep Microstep
0.72°/0.36°
Step Angle 3.6˚∼0.036˚ 3.6˚∼0.036˚ 1.8˚∼0.0140625˚ (16 steps) /Geared
Built-in Controller ● ● − CRK
Driver Product
Pulse Input ● ● ●
Line
Network Compatible Modbus (RTU) Modbus (RTU) − 1.8°/Geared
RBK
□20 mm (0.79 in.) ● − −
□28/30/35 mm (1.1/1.18/1.38 in.) ● − ●
Motor Frame □42 mm (1.65 in.) ● ● ● 1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
Size □50 mm (1.97 in.) − − − CMK
□56.4/60 mm (2.22/2.36 in.) ● ● ●
□85/90 mm (3.35/3.54 in.) ● − ● 0.72°
All-in-One
Additional PKA
Electromagnetic Brake ● ● −
Functions
SH (Spur gear mechanism) − − −
TH (Spur gear mechanism) ● − − Motor Only
TS (Spur gear mechanism) − ● −
Geared Types PL/PS (Planetary gear mechanism) ● ● ●
PN (Planetary gear mechanism) ● − − 1.8°/0.9°
PKP/PK
HPG (Planetary gear mechanism) − ● −
Harmonic ● ● −
Standard Type: 20∼75 VDC Geared
Power Supply Input 24 VDC/48 VDC 24 VDC/48 VDC High-Torque Type, PKP
PS/PL Geared Type: 20∼40 VDC
Standards ✽1 ✽2 ✽2
0.72°/0.36°
Price Range $485.00∼$1,865.00 $762.00∼$1,686.00 $387.00∼$986.00 PKP
✽1 28 mm (1.10 in.) frame size excluded
✽2 Terminal box type only
Accessories
Series
■Features AC Input
Motor &
Basic Step Angle Four Basic Step Angles Driver
●Accurate Positioning in Fine Steps
• 0.36°
A stepper motor rotates with a fixed step angle, just like the second 0.36°/Geared
• 0.72°
hand of a clock. This angle is called "basic step angle." Oriental AR
• 0.9°
Motor offers four basic step angles (0.36°, 0.72°, 0.9°, 1.8°).
• 1.8° 0.36°/Geared
Absolute
AZ
0.72°/Geared
RK
DC Input
Motor &
●Easy Control with Pulse Signals Driver
A system configuration for high accuracy positioning is shown below. The rotation angle and speed of the stepper motor can be controlled 0.36°/Geared
accurately using pulse signals from the controller.
AR
Driver
Controller
0.36°/Geared
Programmable Controller Absolute
Stepper Motor AZ
Pulse Signal
0.72°/0.36°
Current /Geared
CRK
1.8°/Geared
RBK
1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
CMK
Stepper Motor and Driver Package
0.72°
All-in-One
PKA
◇ What is a Pulse Signal?
Voltage
1 Pulse
A pulse signal is an electrical signal whose voltage level changes
H Level Motor Only
repeatedly between ON and OFF. Each ON/OFF cycle is counted as
one pulse. A command with one pulse causes the motor output shaft L Level
◇ The Speed is Proportional to the Pulse Speed 500 Hz 60 r/min 150 r/min
The speed of the stepper motor is proportional to the speed of pulse
signals (pulse frequency) given to the driver.
The relationship of the pulse speed [Hz] and motor speed [r/min] is 1000 Hz 120 r/min 300 r/min
expressed as follows:
θs
N= × f × 60 N : Speed of the motor output shaft [r/min]
2000 Hz 240 r/min 600 r/min
360
θs : Step angle [deg/step]
f : Pulse speed [Hz]
(Number of pulses input per second)
1.5
200
Torque [oz-in]
Torque [N•m]
150
1.0
100
0.5
50
0 0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Speed [r/min]
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Pulse Speed [kHz]
(Resolution setting: 1000 P/R)
Coupling
Load Inertia: Diameter: 169 mm (6.65 in.) Load Inertia: Diameter: 110 mm (4.33 in.)
Thickness: 10 mm (0.39 in.) Thickness: 10 mm (0.39 in.)
Material: Aluminum Material: Aluminum
Motor: Frame size 60 mm (2.36 in.) Motor: Frame size 60 mm (2.36 in.)
Length 90 mm (3.54 in.) Length 96.5 mm (3.8 in.)
■Applications
●Table Drive for X-Y Axes ●Feeding of Quantitative Dispenser
Highly accurate positioning at high speed is possible. Stable positioning is possible even on mechanisms with low rigidity,
such as a belt mechanism.
●Vertical Operation of Stocker
●Application of Fixed Amount
Input 0.36°/Geared
Output Component
Deviation Motor 0.36°/Geared
Counter
Pulse Command Absolute
Sensor AZ
Rotor Position
Counter 0.72°/Geared
RK
Motor Movement Waveform
positioning operation. fluctuates when using a belt mechanism, cam or chain drive, etc. AR
1.8°/0.9°
PKP/PK
No Battery
Required
Built-in multiple
rotation
absolute sensor Absolute Sensor
■Motor Types
Stepper motors come in several different types including the standard type, electromagnetic brake type and various geared types. The
availability of such a wide selection means that you can choose an optimal type according to the function and performance required in your
specific application.
Typical examples are introduced below.
High-Resolution Type Once the power is cut off, the self-holding torque of the motor is lost and the motor can no
This motor's basic resolution is double that of the standard type. longer be held at the stopped position in vertical operations or when an external force is applied.
In lift and similar applications, use an electromagnetic brake type.
This results in high positioning accuracy and reduced vibration.
High-Torque Type
A high-torque motor has a higher torque of approximately 1.5 times
compared with the conventional standard type motor.
The use of a smaller motor allows for compact equipment design.
Geared Type
These motors incorporate a dedicated position-control gearhead
with reduced backlash to make the most of the high controllability
of the motors. The gearhead ensures highly accurate, smooth
operation even in applications where a large torque is received.
Advantages of Geared Motors ➜ Page A-12
Product Line of Geared Motors ➜ Page A-13
Gear Unit
AR
Control Module Data Setting Software
0.36°/Geared
Absolute
or AZ
0.72°/Geared
Computer RK
Programmable
Controller DC Input
Motor &
Driver
0.36°/Geared
Sensor
AR
Absolute
AZ
0.72°/0.36°
Pulse Input Type /Geared
CRK
The motor can be controlled using a pulse generator provided by the customer. Operating data is set to the pulse generator beforehand, and
you can select the operating data on the programmable controller, then input the operation command.
1.8°/Geared
RBK
Pulse Generator Programmable
Controller 1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
CMK
0.72°
All-in-One
PKA
Motor Driver
Motor Only
1.8°/0.9°
PKP/PK
Geared
PKP
0.72°/0.36°
PKP
Accessories
Load Inertia
285×10-4 kg·m2 (1560 oz-in) 11.4×10-4 kg·m2 (62 oz-in)
(30 times the rotor inertia)
Diameter of Load Inertia
(Thickness: 10 mm (0.39 in.), 319 mm (12.6 in.) 143 mm (5.63 in.)
Material: Aluminum)
●Smaller Size
When a standard motor is compared with a geared motor that generates equivalent torque at low speed, the geared motor has a smaller frame
size, thus its mass and volume are also smaller.
Geared motors are effective when equipment must be kept small and light.
109.5 mm (4.31 in.)
PS Geared Motor
97 mm (3.82 in.) AR66AA-PS5-3 Mass: 1.3 kg (2.9 lb.)
(2.36 in.)
(3.35 in.)
60 mm
85 mm
Standard Motor
AR911AA-3 Mass: 3.0 kg (6.6 lb.)
0.36°/Geared
AR
0.36°/Geared
Absolute
AZ
0.72°/Geared
RK
●Surface Installation of Load (Harmonic geared type)
The harmonic geared type permits installation of a load directly on the rotating surface integrated with the shaft. [Except for geared motors with DC Input
a frame size of 90 mm (3.54 in.)] Motor &
Driver
◇ Appearance and Installation Example ◇ Application: Index Table
0.36°/Geared
Load This not only reduces the number of parts/processes, but also
AR
improves reliability. They are also suitable for operating loads that
This surface rotates
with the shaft.
receive moment loads. 0.36°/Geared
Table Absolute
AZ
Mounting Plate
0.72°/0.36°
/Geared
CRK
Tapped holes are provided on the
rotating surface for load installation. <Example of Installation>
1.8°/Geared
RBK
Surface Mounting Conventional Mechanism
1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
CMK
■Product Line of Geared Motors
Example of AR Series 0.72°
All-in-One
Permissible Torque and Max. Backlash Basic Resolution Output Shaft Speed PKA
Geared Type Features
Instantaneous Torque [N·m (lb-in)] [arcmin (degrees)] [deg/step] [r/min]
TH Geared Type Motor Only
(Spur Gear
Mechanism) A wide variety of low gear ratios, high-speed 12 (106) 10 (0.17) 0.012 500
operations
Gear ratios: 3.6, 7.2, 10, 20, 30 1.8°/0.9°
PKP/PK
Low backlash
PN Geared Type High speed (low gear ratio), high positioning Permissible Max. Instantaneous
(Planetary Gear accuracy Torque Torque
Mechanism) High permissible/max. instantaneous torque 37 (320) 60 (530) 2 (0.034) 0.0072 600 Accessories
A wide variety of gear ratios for selecting the
desired step angle
Non-backlash
Centered shaft
Gear ratios: 5, 7.2, 10, 25, 36, 50
Harmonic Geared Type Permissible Max. Instantaneous
(Harmonic Drive) High positioning accuracy Torque Torque
High permissible/max. instantaneous torque 37 (320) 55 (480) 0 0.0036 70
High gear ratios, high resolution
Centered shaft
Gear ratios: 50, 100
Note
●The values shown above must be used as reference. These values vary depending on the frame size and gear ratio.
●For the principle and the structure of each geared type, refer to technical reference.
For stepper motor and servo motor gears ➜ Page H-51
① TH
② stop instantaneously (without an acceleration or deceleration time) 0.36°/Geared
when the frictional load and inertial load of the stepper motor are 0. Absolute
Driving the motor at a pulse speed in excess of this rate will require a AZ
③
fs ✽ gradual acceleration/deceleration. This frequency drops when there
0.72°/Geared
Speed [r/min] is an inertial load on the motor. RK
●Inertial Load – Starting Frequency Characteristics ➜ Page H-35
The speed – torque characteristics are determined by the motor and
driver, so they are greatly affected by the type of driver being used. DC Input
The figure on the right 1.2
Current: 0.75 A/Phase Step Angle: 0.72˚/step Motor &
160 Driver
①Maximum Holding Torque shows the speed – 140 1.0
Single-Phase 100-120 VAC
Single-Phase 200-240 VAC
torque characteristics 120 0.36°/Geared
This is the maximum holding torque (holding force) the stepper 0.8
Torque [oz-in]
Torque [N·m]
of the 0.72° stepper 100
Pullout Torque AR
motor has when power is supplied (at rated current) but the motor is 80 0.6
motor and driver
not rotating. 60 0.36°/Geared
package RK Series. 8 0.4
Current [A]
40
Driver Input Current
4
20
0.2 Absolute
fs
AZ
0 0 0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Speed [r/min] 0.72°/0.36°
0 10 20 30 Resolution: 500 /Geared
(0) (100) (200) (300) (Resolution: 5000) CRK
Pulse Speed [kHz]
1.8°/Geared
RBK
1.8°/0.9°
/Geared
CMK
0.72°
All-in-One
PKA
Motor Only
1.8°/0.9°
PKP/PK
Geared
PKP
0.72°/0.36°
PKP
Accessories
Common Specifications
■Permissible Radial Load and Permissible Axial Load
●AR Series Unit = N (lb.)
Motor Permissible Radial Load
Product
Type Frame Size Gear Ratio Distance from Shaft End mm [in.] Permissible Axial Load
Name
mm [in.] 0 [0] 5 [0.2] 10 [0.39] 15 [0.59] 20 [0.79]
AR24 1.5 (0.33)
28 [1.10] 25 (5.6) 34 (7.6) 52 (11.7) − −
AR26 2.2 (0.49)
42 [1.65] AR46 35 (7.8) 44 (9.9) 58 (13) 85 (19.1) − 4.6 (1.03) [6.1 (1.37)]✽
Standard Type AR66 − 8.8 (1.98) [11.8 (2.6)]✽
60 [2.36] 90 (20) 100 (22) 130 (29) 180 (40) 270 (60)
AR69 13.7 (3) [16.7 (3.7)]✽
AR98 18 (4) [24 (5.4)]✽
85 [3.35] 260 (58) 290 (65) 340 (76) 390 (87) 480 (108)
AR911 29 (6.5)
28 [1.10] AR24 7.2, 10, 20, 30 15 (3.3) 17 (3.8) 20 (4.5) 23 (5.1) − 10 (2.2)
TH Geared 42 [1.65] AR46 10 (2.2) 14 (3.1) 20 (4.5) 30 (6.7) − 15 (3.3)
3.6, 7.2, 10,
Type 60 [2.36] AR66 70 (15.7) 80 (18) 100 (22) 120 (27) 150 (33) 40 (9)
20, 30
90 [3.54] AR98 220 (49) 250 (56) 300 (67) 350 (78) 400 (90) 100 (22)
28 [1.10] AR24 5, 7.2, 10 45 (10.1) 60 (13.5) 80 (18) 100 (22) − 20 (4.5)
5, 7.2, 10 73 (16.4) 84 (18.9) 100 (22) 123 (27) −
42 [1.65] AR46 50 (11.2)
25, 36, 50 109 (24) 127 (28) 150 (33) 184 (41) −
5 200 (45) 220 (49) 250 (56) 280 (63) 320 (72)
PS Geared 60 [2.36] AR66 7.2, 10 250 (56) 270 (60) 300 (67) 340 (76) 390 (87) 100 (22)
Type 25, 36, 50 330 (74) 360 (81) 400 (90) 450 (101) 520 (117)
5, 7.2, 10 480 (108) 540 (121) 600 (135) 680 (153) 790 (177)
25 850 (191) 940 (210) 1050 (230) 1190 (260) 1380 (310)
90 [3.54] AR98 300 (67)
36 930 (200) 1030 (230) 1150 (250) 1310 (290) 1520 (340)
50 1050 (230) 1160 (260) 1300 (290) 1480 (330) 1710 (380)
28 [1.10] AR24 45 (10.1) 60 (13.5) 80 (18) 100 (22) − 20 (4.5)
5, 7.2, 10
42 [1.65] AR46 100 (22) 120 (27) 150 (33) 190 (42) −
5 200 (45) 220 (49) 250 (56) 280 (63) 320 (72)
100 (22)
60 [2.36] AR66 7.2, 10 250 (56) 270 (60) 300 (67) 340 (76) 390 (87)
PN Geared 25, 36, 50 330 (74) 360 (81) 400 (90) 450 (101) 520 (117)
Type 5 480 (108) 520 (117) 550 (123) 580 (130) 620 (139)
7.2, 10 480 (108) 540 (121) 600 (135) 680 (153) 790 (177)
90 [3.54] AR98 25 850 (191) 940 (210) 1050 (230) 1110 (240) 1190 (260) 300 (67)
36 930 (200) 1030 (230) 1150 (250) 1220 (270) 1300 (290)
50 1050 (230) 1160 (260) 1300 (290) 1380 (310) 1490 (330)
30 [1.18] AR24 100 (22) 135 (30) 175 (39) 250 (56) − 140 (31)
Harmonic 42 [1.65] AR46 180 (40) 220 (49) 270 (60) 360 (81) 510 (114) 220 (49)
50, 100
Geared Type 60 [2.36] AR66 320 (72) 370 (83) 440 (99) 550 (123) 720 (162) 450 (101)
90 [3.54] AR98 1090 (240) 1150 (250) 1230 (270) 1310 (290) 1410 (310) 1300 (290)
✽ The brackets [ ] indicate the value for the electromagnetic brake product.
Note
●With a double shaft product, the output shaft located on the opposite side of the motor output shaft is used to install a slit disk or similar device. Do not apply any load torque, overhung load or thrust
load on this output shaft.
Radial Load
Motor Only
1.8°/0.9°
PKP/PK
Geared
PKP
0.72°/0.36°
PKP
Accessories