CONCEPT OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

 BMS systems are “Intelligent” microprocessor based controller networks installed to monitor
and control a building’s technical systems and services such as air conditioning, ventilation,
lighting and heating.
 More specifically they link the functionality of individual pieces of building equipment so that
they operate as one complete integrated system.
 Now installed in every major building or facility with the availability of direct integration into
all other building services such as security, access control, CCTV, fire, Lifts and other life and
safety systems.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CONCEPT OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SCOPE OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SCOPE OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SCOPE OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SCOPE OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

NEED & SIGNIFICANCE OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

NEED & SIGNIFICANCE OF BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CONTROL SYSTEM IN BUILDING - Introduction

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CONTROL SYSTEM IN BUILDING - Elements

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CONTROL SYSTEM IN BUILDING - Types

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CONTROL SYSTEM IN BUILDING - Types

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

OPEN-LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CONTROL SYSTEM IN BUILDING - Types

Taking an example of having a certain desired luminosity in a room, the

open loop system can be transformed to closed loop as shown below.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM IN
BUILDING

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM IN BUILDING

FIRE
Functionality
checks LIGHTING
Detector service Schedules
Fire, Life, Safety Occupancy Sensing

LIFTS
SECURITY Breakdown
Doors Maintenance
PIR Traffic Performance
Integration

ACCESS COMMUNICATIONS
Doors Voice/Video/Data
Buildings
Occupancy 24/7 Monitoring
Feed Forward Breakdown
Plant Tuning
ENERGY Conditioned Monitoring
Utility Monitoring Car Park Utilisation
(Elec/Water/Gas/Oil)
Tenant Building HVAC
Air/Water Air-Handling Unit
Heat Boilers
Lighting Pumps
Back-up Generation Fans
E G W Energy Control
Variable Air Volume
Air Quality

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM

For business owners, security can be very important. The security and safety of
physical property, equipment, staff, visitors, and information. It can also be an important
consideration on construction sites.
The components of a commercial security system might include :

Intruder alarms
Perimeter security
Fire detection systems
Access control.
CCTV.
Integrated systems

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM - Intruder alarms

They are also known as security or burglar alarms, intruder alarms detect unauthorized entry into
a site, building, room or secure installation (such as a safe).

They can work through a number of

sensor types, such as:

 Hermetically sealed switches.

 Passive infra-red motion detectors.
 Photoelectric beam systems.
 Glass break acoustic detectors.

The signals from these sensors are sent back to a central control unit via a wired or wireless
network. In high-end installations, these units may be located in a remote facility where staff
members can monitor activities, mobilize security personnel or contact the police in an
emergency.
Intruder alarm systems may also emit an audible alarm. This serves two purposes: it draws
attention to the break-in, and makes it unpleasant for the intruder to remain onsite.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM – Perimeter Security
Perimeter security can prevent access onto a property through means such
as; walls, fences, infra-red perimeter beams, bollards and so on. At the points of
entry, security guards or other access controls may be installed. Gates, barriers,
turnstiles, shutters, and screens can be used to close these points outside of
business hours. Care must be taken that the property’s exterior is independent
from trees, shrubs and other obstacles which could be used to approach
the building while hidden from sight.

Infra-red Perimeter Beams Bollards

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM – Fire Detection System

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM – Access Control
Access control permits access by authorised personnel to a site, building, room
or other secure installation.

Electronic access control systems may allow access using credentials such as:

 Passcodes.
 PINs.
 Key cards.
 Access badges.
 Fingerprints.
 Keys.
 Key fobs.
 Video verification.

Access information can be transmitted to a centralised access system where it

can be compared to a database of authorised personnel.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM – Voice Alarm System

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM – Fire Telephone system

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SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM – Public Address System

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

SAFETY AND SECURITY SYSTEM - CCTV (closed-circuit TV)

CCTV systems generally consist of a number of

security cameras connected to a central digital
video recorder (DVR) or computer by cables
such as Ethernet cables or via a Wi-Fi signal.

Cameras can include features such as:

 Infrared or night vision.
 License plate or facial recognition.
 Automatic motion detectors.

An important consideration when installing a CCTV system is the quality of the recorded
footage and the resolution of the cameras. CCTV images can be transmitted to a remote
monitoring facility or can be accessed on remote devices such as mobile phones, allowing
responses to be controlled, such as police or fire service action, or in some cases to permit
access and de-activate alarms.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

COMPUTERIZED HVAC SYSTEM
HVAC control system, from the simplest room thermostat to the most
complicated computerized control,
has four basic elements (see fig.1):
1. Sensors.
2. Controllers.
3. Controlled devices.
4. Source of energy.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

COMPUTERIZED HVAC SYSTEM

1- Sensors

Sensor measures actual value of controlled variable such as temperature,

humidity or flow and provides
information to the controller.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

COMPUTERIZED HVAC SYSTEM

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

COMPUTERIZED HVAC SYSTEM

2- Controllers 3- Controlled devices

Controller receives input from sensor, Controlled device acts to modify controlled
processes the input and then produces variable as directed by controller.
intelligent output signal for Controlled Devices Types
controlled device. 1. Control Valves.
Controller Types: 2. Heating and Cooling Coils.
1. Temperature Controllers. 3. Dampers.
2. Relative Humidity Controllers. 4. Actuators.
3. Enthalpy Controllers. 5. Pumps & Fans.
4. Universal Controllers.

4- Source of energy Aims of HVAC Control Systems:

Source of energy is needed to power the HVAC Control Systems are used for the
control system. Control systems use either a following benefits:
pneumatic or 1. Lower energy cost.
electric power supply. 2. Lower operations cost.
3. Increase flexibility.
4. Ensure quality building environment.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

LIGHTING CONTROLS

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

LIGHTING CONTROLS

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ENERGY MONITORING

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

INTEGRATED SYSTEMS

If these systems are operated separately, costs can be higher, decisions poorer, and
responses inappropriate. Instead, access controls, alarms, sensors, and responses, can
be integrated into one system, sometimes as part of a wider building management
system. This can permit greater control, better response and improved flexibility, for
example, setting different configurations for weekends, holidays and night time
security, turning lights on and off, controlling blinds and controlling cameras.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

INTEGRATED BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

IBMS stands for “Integrated Building Management System”. An Integrated Building

Management System is a single, comprehensive building management system for HVAC,
lighting, security, fire and other systems.
The Building Management System (BMS) can be defined as the system installed in
buildings that controls and monitors the building’s mechanical and electrical equipment,
such as heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting. These systems typically represent 70%
of a building's energy usage. Obviously, the role of BMS is crucial in management of the
building’s energy demand.
Beyond controlling the internal environment of the building, the IBMS (“Integrated
Building Management System”) covers also access control, intruder alarms, video
surveillance, monitoring of fire alarm system and other systems as applicable. IBMS can
be referred to as the Integrated BMS and Security System; the single, uniform system for
building management.

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

INTEGRATED BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Application of full IBMS brings the benefits of better indoor comfort, energy efficiency,
safety and security, and most importantly, better management of all the systems under
the unified system. IBMS supports efficient functional system integration and provides
maximum flexibility to support any future changes in the building use.

The essentials of IBMS comprises the following elements:

- Building Automation System (BMS)
- Lighting Control System
- Access Control & Intruder Alarm System
- Video Surveillance System
- Monitoring & Control Software: The Building Operating System (BOS), providing the
comprehensive monitoring & integration platform for IBMS

BS III - UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM