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    Terminology Used in Construction Technology

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    Anantha Wijesinghe
    The document discusses various terminology used in construction technology. It defines low, medium, and high rise buildings according to different organizations. It also categorizes different types of buildings such as residential, commercial, and industrial buildings based on their main functions and common structural materials. Additionally, it provides explanations of key concepts like load bearing elements, durability, serviceability, fire resistance, construction joints, and expansion joints.

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    Terminology Used in Construction Technology

    Uploaded by

    Anantha Wijesinghe
    3K views3 pages
    The document discusses various terminology used in construction technology. It defines low, medium, and high rise buildings according to different organizations. It also categorizes different types of buildings such as residential, commercial, and industrial buildings based on their main functions and common structural materials. Additionally, it provides explanations of key concepts like load bearing elements, durability, serviceability, fire resistance, construction joints, and expansion joints.

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    Terminology used in Construction

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    The document discusses various terminology used in construction technology. It defines low, medium, and high rise buildings according to different organizations. It also categorizes different types of buildings such as residential, commercial, and industrial buildings based on their main functions and common structural materials. Additionally, it provides explanations of key concepts like load bearing elements, durability, serviceability, fire resistance, construction joints, and expansion joints.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3K views3 pages

    Terminology Used in Construction Technology

    Uploaded by

    Anantha Wijesinghe
    The document discusses various terminology used in construction technology. It defines low, medium, and high rise buildings according to different organizations. It also categorizes different types of buildings such as residential, commercial, and industrial buildings based on their main functions and common structural materials. Additionally, it provides explanations of key concepts like load bearing elements, durability, serviceability, fire resistance, construction joints, and expansion joints.

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    Terminology Used in Construction Technology

    Low, Medium and High Rise Buildings

    While there are no universally accepted definitions or limits to define low, medium and high rise
    buildings. Low, medium and high rise buildings are categorized.

    Some definitions on high rise buildings,

    Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH)

    “A building whose height creates different conditions in the design, construction, and use than those
    that exist in common building of a certain region and period.”

    The International Conference on Fire Safety in High Rise Buildings

    “Any structure where the height can have a serious impact on evacuation”

    Residential Buildings, Commercial Buildings and Industrial Buildings

     Residential buildings mainly consists of one or more dwelling units. Typically in Sri Lanka up to
    one story residential buildings are masonry structures while more than one strory (2, 3 storey)
    buildings are RCC structures.
     Main functional characteristics of commercial buildings are commercial activities.(Banks, offices,
    …) Typically RCC structures with several floors.
     Industrial buildings are mainly used for industrial activities. Steel structures are popular in
    industrial buildings due to fast construction and fabrication (Eg – Ware houses, Workshops,
    Factories)

    Load Bearing Structural Element - Active element in structure which bear the load on top of it and
    transfer load to foundation or below element

    Durability – Capacity of maintaining the serviceability of a product, component, assembly, or


    construction over a specified time.

    1
    Serviceability - Capacity to perform the functions for which they are designed and constructed.

    Fire Resistance

     In general, concrete has good properties with respect to fire resistance. That is, concrete is non-
    combustible, the period under fire which concrete continues to perform satisfactorily is relatively
    high, and no toxic fumes are emitted.
     Standards mainly address the issue of fire resistance for concrete structures by imposing limits for
    concrete cover to reinforcement.
     In a concrete structure subjected to fire, high temperature gradients are introduced, consequently,
    the hot surface layers tend to separate and spall from the interior of the structure.
     This criterion is highlighted at joints, poorly compacted parts and in the planes of reinforcement.
     The type of aggregate considerably affects the concrete behaviour at high temperatures.
     For practical purposes, about 600 ̊C is considered as the limiting temperature for structural
    concrete made with Portland cement.

    The result of application of water on concrete subjected to fire is similar to quenching, this
    causes a large reduction of strength of the structure.

    Construction Joints

     Construction joints are not for accommodating any movement.


     Construction joints should be formed properly unless it effects functioning of the structure, such
    like water tightness and usually become unsightly, Proper construction joints are hardly visible to
    affect aesthetics.

    Expansion Joints

     The concrete is subjected to volume change due to many reasons.


     This should be catered by way of joint to relieve the stress.
     Expansion is a function of length.
     The joints are formed by providing a gap between the building parts.

    2
    Figure 1 ; Details of an Expansion Joint

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