General Engineering

(Differential Calculus, Integral Calculus, Differential Equations, Probability and Statistics

GROUP 4
(DE MESA, OBREGON, PLAZA, SABILE, VELASQUEZ, VILLANUEVA)

APPLICATION

Differential Equations
1. What is the constant, c, of the general solution of the equation: dy/dx = 6y2x if y(1) = 1/25
A. 28 B. -82 C. 82 D. -28 E.
None
of the
Choices
Solution:

𝑑𝑦
= 6𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑦2

Integrating,
1
− = 3𝑥 2 + 𝑐
𝑦

But y(1)=1/25
1
− = 3(1)2 + 𝑐
1/25
C = -28

2. Find the general solution for the following homogeneous differential equation using an appropriate
substitution method: (y2 + xy)dx – x2dy = 0
A. lnx + B. lnx + (y/x) = C C. lnx - (x/y) = C D. lnx - (y/x) = C E.
(x/y) = C None
of the
Choices
Solution:

(y2 + xy)dx – x2dy = 0

y = vx ; dy = vdx + xdv
(v2x2 + x(vx))dx – x2(vdx+xdv) = 0
v2x2dx + vx2dx – vx2dx – x3dv = 0
[v2x2dx – x3dv = 0] 1/v2x3
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣
𝑥3
− 𝑣2 = 0
𝑑𝑥
∫ − ∫ 𝑣 −2 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 0
𝑥
𝑣 −1
lnx – ( −1 ) = C
1
lnx + (𝑣) = C but v = y/x
 1
lnx + (𝑦/𝑥) = C
𝑥
lnx + ( ) = C
𝑦
𝑑𝑦
3. Given the equation = (−2𝑥 + 𝑦)2 − 7, 𝑦(0) = 0. Solve for C.
𝑑𝑥

A. 0 B. 1 C. 1/2 D. -1 E.
None
of the
Choices
Solution:

𝑑𝑦 1 1 1
= (−2𝑥 + 𝑦)2 − 7, 𝑦(0) = 0. ( − ) 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 6 𝑢−3 𝑢+3
1 1 1
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = −2𝑥 + 𝑦 6
∫ (𝑢−3 − 𝑢+3) 𝑑𝑢 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑦 1 𝑢−3
= −2 + ln | |=𝑥+𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 6 𝑢+3
𝑑𝑢 𝑢−3
+ 2 = 𝑢2 − 7 = 𝑒 6𝑥+6𝐶 = 𝑐𝑒 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑢+3
𝑑𝑢 3(1+𝑐𝑒 6𝑥 )
= 𝑢2 − 9 𝑢= 2
𝑑𝑥 1−𝑐𝑒 6𝑥
𝑑𝑢 3(1 + 𝑐𝑒 6𝑥 )
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑦 = 2𝑥 +
𝑢2 − 9 1 − 𝑐𝑒 6𝑥
𝑑𝑢
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑦(0) = 0; 𝐶 = −1
(𝑢 − 3)(𝑢 + 3)
𝑑𝑢 𝐴 𝐵
= +
(𝑢 − 3)(𝑢 + 3) 𝑢 − 3 𝑢 + 3
= 𝐴(𝑢 + 3) + 𝐵(𝑢 − 3)
𝑢 = −3: 𝐴 = 0 𝐵 = −6
𝑢 = 3: 𝐴 = 6 𝐵 = 0
𝑑𝑢 6 6
= −
(𝑢 − 3)(𝑢 + 3) 𝑢 − 3 𝑢 + 3

4. Find the solution to the differential equation:𝑦 ln cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 + (1 − 𝑦 2 ) tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 0

A. y2(ln B. y2(ln cos x)2 + (ln cos x)2 C. -y2(tan x)2 – (ln cos D. y2(ln cos x)2 + (tan x)2 E.
2 2
cos x) = C x) = C =C None
– (ln of the
cos x)2 Choices
=C
Solution:

Let z = ln cos x
dz = - tan x dx

𝑦𝑧 𝑑𝑦 − (1 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑧 = 0
𝑦 𝑑𝑧
2
𝑑𝑦 + =0
𝑦 −1 𝑧
1 1
ln(𝑦 2 − 1) + ln 𝑧 = ln 𝐶
2 2
ln(𝑦 2 − 1) + 2 ln 𝑧 = ln 𝐶
ln(𝑧 2 (𝑦 2 − 1)) = ln 𝐶
𝑧2𝑦2 − 𝑧2 = 𝐶

But z = ln cos x
y2(ln cos x)2 – (ln cos x)2 = C
5.
A. B. C. D. E.
None
of the
Choices
Solution:
Differential Calculus
1. What is the value of y”(3) of the equation y(x) = 5x3 + 4x2 + 9x + 128
A. 89 B. 168 C. 98 D. 186 E.
None
of the
Choices
Solution:
y(x) = 5x3 + 4x2 + 9x + 128
y’(x) = 15x2 + 8x + 9
y”(x) = 30x + 8
y”(3) = 30(3) + 8
y”(3) = 98
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
2. Evaluate the limit of lim+ 5−5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 .
𝑥→0
A. ∞ B. 0 C. indeterminate D. sinx E. cosx
Solution:

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
lim+ ∙
𝑥→0 5(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 1+1

lim 5(𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥)
= 5(0.0001) = ∞
𝑥→0+
3. Find the derivative of the equation y = cot 2x2 sin 13x
A. B. C. D.
𝑑𝑦 2 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= −4𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑡 2𝑥 ) 2
= −4𝑥 (𝑐𝑠𝑐 2𝑥 ) 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(sin 13𝑥) + (cos 13𝑥) = −4𝑥(𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 2𝑥 2 )(sin 13𝑥) = −4𝑥 (𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 2𝑥 2 )(sin 13𝑥)
13(csc 2𝑥 2 )(cos 13𝑥) + 13(cot 2𝑥 2 )(cos 13𝑥) + 13(csc 2𝑥 2 )(sin 13𝑥) + 13(cot 2𝑥 2 )(cos 13𝑥)

Solution:

y = cot 2x2 sin 13x

𝑑𝑦
= −𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 2𝑥 2 (4𝑥) sin 13𝑥 + cot 2𝑥 2 cos 13𝑥 (13)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= −4𝑥 (𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 2𝑥 2 )(sin 13𝑥) + 13(cot 2𝑥 2 )(cos 13𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
4. The dimensions of a box are x, x+2, x+3. If x is increasing, find the rate of change of the volume of
the box with respect to x when x=1.
A. 12 B. 16 C. 19 D. 21 E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:
𝑉 = (𝑥)(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 3)
𝑉 = (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)(𝑥 + 3)
𝑉 = (𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥)
Differentiate:
𝑉 = 3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 6 substitute x=1
𝑉 = 3(1)2 + 10(1) + 6 = 19

5.
A. B. C. D. E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:
Integral Calculus
1. What is the area between the curve y = x2 – 4 and the x-axis?
A. -10.7 B. 10.7 C. 32/3 D. 31/3 E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:
Intersection of the curve and the x-axis
y = x2 – 4 (x-axis, y=0)
x2 = 4
x = 2, -2
dy = (x2 – 4)dx
2
∫−2(𝑥 2 − 4)𝑑𝑥
2
𝑥3 32
= [ 3 − 4𝑥] = - 3
= - 10.666666667 ( negative because the area is below the x-axis)
−2
 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
2. Given ∫ , what is the du?
√3+2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
A. 3 - 2sinxdx B. 3 - 2cosxdx C. 2sinxdx D. - E. None of
2sinxdx the
Choices
Solution:

5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
∫  u = 3 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥  du = -2sinxdx
√3+2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

5 4𝑥
3. Integrate ∫2 2−8𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥

A.−0.4718 B. 0.4129 C. −0.4129 D. E. None of

0.4718 the
Choices

Solution:

5 4𝑥
∫2 2−8𝑥2 𝑑𝑥
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 2 − 8𝑥 2
𝑑𝑢 = −16𝑥 𝑑𝑥
5
1
= 4∫ − 𝑑𝑢
2 16𝑢
4 5 1
= ∫ − 𝑑𝑢
16 2 𝑢
1
= − ln|𝑢|
4
5
1 5 ln(198) ln(30) ln(198) ln(30) ln (33)
= − ln|2 − 8𝑥 2 || = − − (− )= + = = −0.4718
4 2 4 4 4 4 4
4. Find the integral of the equation 𝑑𝑦 = 165(3811𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
3811𝑥 3811𝑥 3811𝑥 3811𝑥
A. 𝑦 = 165 ( ln 38 ) + 𝐶 B. 𝑦 = 15 ( ln 38 ) + 𝐶 C. 𝑦 = 15 ( ln 11 ) + 𝐶 D. 𝑦 = 11 ( ln 11 ) + 𝐶
Solution:

𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 165(3811𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 11𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 11
165 = 11 ∗ 15
𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 11(15)(3811𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
3811𝑥
𝑦 = 15 ( )+𝐶
ln 38

5.
A. B. C. D. E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:
Probability and Statistics
1. In how many ways can a coach choose 5 swimmers from the team that has 9 swimmers?
A. 116 B. 126 C. 84 D. 162 E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:
𝑛!
C(n,r) = (𝑛−𝑟)!𝑟!
9!
C(9,5) = (9−5)!5!
C(9,5) = 126
2.How many permutations are there for the word “WORDS”?
A. 5 B. 120 C. 25 D. 0 E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:

WORDS
Since no letters are repeated, we will just account the number of letters. There are 5 letters in this
word, so: 5! = 120

3. A committee consisting of 10 people is to be formed randomly from a group of 10 men and 10

women. Find the probability that the committee has 6 women and 4 men.
A. 0.2457 B. 0.2537 C. 0.2387 D. E. None of
0.2626 the
Choices

Solution:

There are 20C10 ways to select 10 committee members out of a total of 20 people.
There are 10C6 ways to select 6 women out of 10.
There are 10C4 ways to select 4 men out of 10.
There are 10C6*10C4 ways to select 6 women out of 10 and 4 men out of 10.

P(6 women and 4 men) = (10C6*10C4) /20C10 = 0.23869

4. Which of these numbers cannot represent probability?
A. 0.5 B. 0 C. 1 D. - E. None of
0.00001 the
Choices
Solution:
A probability is always greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, -0.00010 is less
than 0.
5. The blood groups of 200 people is distributed as follows: 50 have type A blood, 65 have B blood
type, 70 have O blood type and 15 have type AB blood. If a person from this group is selected at
random, what is the probability that this person has O blood type?
A. 0.3 B. 0.35 C. 0.4 D. 0.45 E. None of
the
Choices
Solution:
P(E) = Frequency for O blood / Total frequencies
= 70 / 200 = 0.35