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Psychological Testing

The Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) is a non-verbal test of observation skills and clear thinking ability for individuals aged 5 to 11. It consists of 36 items divided into three series with 12 items each presenting incomplete patterns that must be completed. The CPM measures educative ability, which refers to making sense of complex data and perceiving new relationships. Scores are relatively unaffected by language or culture. Norms provide percentiles to indicate individuals' mental abilities relative to their age, grade, or other grouping. The CPM is widely used internationally in educational and clinical settings.

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74 views4 pages

Psychological Testing

The Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) is a non-verbal test of observation skills and clear thinking ability for individuals aged 5 to 11. It consists of 36 items divided into three series with 12 items each presenting incomplete patterns that must be completed. The CPM measures educative ability, which refers to making sense of complex data and perceiving new relationships. Scores are relatively unaffected by language or culture. Norms provide percentiles to indicate individuals' mental abilities relative to their age, grade, or other grouping. The CPM is widely used internationally in educational and clinical settings.

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ali
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Introduction

History and Background:


Raven first published his Progressive Matrices in the United Kingdom in 1938. The CPM is
internationally recognized as a test, designed for the use with children between the ages of 5 and
11. Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) is one of the most heavily used cognitive
assessments in published research studies. The world’s leading non-verbal assessment has a strong
following across the globe and has been relied upon for decades as an effective tool. This test was
developed for research purposes but because of its independence of language and reading and
writing skills, and the simplicity of their use and interpretation, it quickly found widespread
practical application. It is typically used in educational settings.

The CPM consist of 36 items divided into three Series (A, Ab, B), each made up of 12 items. The
items have the form of incomplete patterns (matrices), the majority of which are printed on
a colored background. The subject must find the missing fragment from a set of provided pieces.

Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices is a non-verbal measure of mental ability, helping to


identify individuals with advanced observation and clear-thinking skills who can handle the
complexity and ambiguity of the modern workplace. Raven’s Progressive Matrices provide a
trusted, nonverbal assessment of intelligence. Because these scales minimize the impact of
language and culture, they are particularly well suited to measuring the intelligence of individuals
with reading problems or hearing impairment, as well as those whose native language is not
English.

In each test item, the subject is asked to identify the missing element that completes a pattern.

The Raven’s CPM is a test of observation skills and clear -thinking ability. It offers insight into
someone’s capacity to observe, solve problems, and learn. The CPM is constructed to
measure educative ability. Furthermore, educative ability refers to an individual’s ability to make
sense of complex data, the ability to perceive new patterns & relationships. Scores are relatively
unaffected by linguistic and ethnic background and can be used as a good predictor of success in
an educational context for children.
Figure 1: Sample Question from a Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices Assessment

Construct

Definition:

The Raven’s CPM measures clear-thinking ability. The items are arranged to assess the chief
cognitive processes of which children under 11 years of age, are usually capable. The Raven’s
CPM items are arranged to assess cognitive development up to the stage when a person is
sufficiently able to reason by analogy and adopt this way of thinking as a consistent method of
inference. This stage in intellectual maturation appears to be one of the earliest to decline as the
result of organic dysfunction.

Uses:

The CPM is made up of diagrammatic puzzles that are designed to assess, with greater precision,
the intellectual processes of young children. It can be used satisfactorily with people who come
from different cultural backgrounds, speak different languages or who have language difficulties.

Procedure:
It is designed for children aged 5 through 11 years-of-age, the elderly, mentally and physically
impaired individuals. This test contains question from the standard matrices, as well as other test
items.

Advantages:

i. It is very easy to use.

ii. The costs to test the individuals are comparatively low.

iii. It is gaining popularity due to the multi-national corporate culture of the world.

iv. It assesses the type of reasoning ability that is based on understanding the increasing
confusion of the present day life.

It claims to have the highest predictive validity.

Norms

It is applied on an individual or a group to measure their mental ability, helping them to identify
with advanced observations and clear-thinking skills who can handle the complexity and
ambiguity of the modern workplace.

Age Norms:

The CPM is designed to assess clear-thinking ability in children age (5-11 years), the
elderly, and individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Grade Norms:

The CPM is conducted in different institutes including schools, hospitals and mental
institutes with patients having physical or mental impairments.

Percentile Norms:

Percentile norms were extracted as norms for the raw scores of the standardization sample
because percentile ranks are a good indicator of individual’s relative position in his group.

National Norms:
This test can be applied in different sectors of education and hospitals to measure one’s mental
ability keeping in mind their age and grades.

National Anchor Norms:

Tests and retests are done with same sample or different to compare the two tests to know the
results whether any improvements occurred in mental ability.

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