This document summarizes farm trials of a semi-biofloc production system for shrimp in Indonesia. The system aims to balance autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through management of nutrients and probiotics. Trial results showed productivity of 13.8-20.3 MT/ha, FCR of 1.28-1.49, and size of 46-62 pieces/kg over culture periods of 82-104 days. The system was dominated by green algae and maintained water transparency between 20-60 cm through frequent additions of nutrients and selected Bacillus probiotics. In conclusion, the semi-biofloc system successfully produced shrimp with balanced autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through proper nutrient and probiotic management.
This document summarizes farm trials of a semi-biofloc production system for shrimp in Indonesia. The system aims to balance autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through management of nutrients and probiotics. Trial results showed productivity of 13.8-20.3 MT/ha, FCR of 1.28-1.49, and size of 46-62 pieces/kg over culture periods of 82-104 days. The system was dominated by green algae and maintained water transparency between 20-60 cm through frequent additions of nutrients and selected Bacillus probiotics. In conclusion, the semi-biofloc system successfully produced shrimp with balanced autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through proper nutrient and probiotic management.
This document summarizes farm trials of a semi-biofloc production system for shrimp in Indonesia. The system aims to balance autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through management of nutrients and probiotics. Trial results showed productivity of 13.8-20.3 MT/ha, FCR of 1.28-1.49, and size of 46-62 pieces/kg over culture periods of 82-104 days. The system was dominated by green algae and maintained water transparency between 20-60 cm through frequent additions of nutrients and selected Bacillus probiotics. In conclusion, the semi-biofloc system successfully produced shrimp with balanced autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through proper nutrient and probiotic management.
This document summarizes farm trials of a semi-biofloc production system for shrimp in Indonesia. The system aims to balance autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through management of nutrients and probiotics. Trial results showed productivity of 13.8-20.3 MT/ha, FCR of 1.28-1.49, and size of 46-62 pieces/kg over culture periods of 82-104 days. The system was dominated by green algae and maintained water transparency between 20-60 cm through frequent additions of nutrients and selected Bacillus probiotics. In conclusion, the semi-biofloc system successfully produced shrimp with balanced autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms through proper nutrient and probiotic management.
- Switch from method relying on high water exchange to
those with reduced or even zero water exchange
- Options include: - recirculation of water from reservoir to ponds, to settling pond and back to pond or discharged. - biofloc technology system, or intensive heterotrophic culture system - semi-biofloc system, with a gentle switch from autotrophic to mixotrophic
3 Introduction
- Hybrid System operated in many Indonesian farms
- Careful balance between autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms. - Biofloc made of green algae (mostly Chlorella) and bacteria (mostly Bacillus), together with detritus, protozoa, etc. - Contrary to the classic biofloc system, the balance between phytoplankton and bacteria is of the order of 30- 40% autotroph and 60-70% heterotrophs. - With the development of the biofloc, the pond water colour can be described as light brown cream.
4 The Farm
- Aquaculture Experience - located in Kabupaten Lamongan, East Java - 40 ponds, of an average size of 3,000 m2 - Ponds fully lined with HDPE.
5 Protocol
1. Set-up of biosecurity measures, i.e. crab protection and
bird nets. 2. Disinfection of the water (Sanocare PUR 1.2ppm) 3. Water preparation with regular applications over 2 weeks: - dolomite (10ppm, 8X) - sodium nitrate and silicate (Sanolife Nutrilake 3ppm, 6X) - calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate - Bacillus probiotics (Sanolife PRO-W 100g/ha, daily) The combination of small particles and Sanolife PRO-W are “floc starters”.
6 Protocol
1. Stocking with PL10 animals
2. Control of the environment in order to maintain a balance between algae and bacteria: - Frequent addition of a natural source of nitrate (Sanolife Nutrilake 5ppm) - Frequent addition selected Bacillus (Sanolife PRO-W 1ppm) - Molasses added 2-3 times per week at 10-15Kg/ha - Mineral additives coated on feed
7 Protocol - aeration
Positioning of paddlewheels for:
- oxygenation (above 4 ppm) - water circulation - mixing (no stratification) - sludge collection in the central area of the pond
8 Protocol - floc
- Floc created with a combination of Sanolife PRO-W,
dolomite and calcium carbonate/magnesium carbonate -Target is 2-3ml/L (Imhoff cones, <2 hours). Much smaller than standard biofloc (15ml/L). - Limited water exchange - Regular siphoning to (1) remove the excess organic matter from the central area; and (2) evaluate shrimp molt and mortalities
9 Protocol - siphoning
10 Protocol – other actions
- Frequent stimulation of the shrimp immune (Sano TOP S)
- Improvement of the feed conversion rate through the coating with Bacillus probiotics (Sanolife PRO-2).
Clearance of Vibrio from haemolymph of shrimp from control and 2 probiotic
treatments (treat 1 and treat 2). Probiotics are commercial Bacillus strains. Test carried out at SBBU, Bangkok, Thailand. 11 Results – autumn 2012 Pond Size Density Days of Size Yield FCR Productivity (m2) (PL/m2) Culture (pcs/kg) (kg) (Mt/ha)
A 2,800 80 88 48 4,110 1.32 14.7
B 2,900 65 86 52 3,979 1.21 13.77 C 2,900 72 87 50 3,935 1.28 13.6 D 2,800 72 86 51 3,741 1.26 13.4 E 2,300 78 87 48 3,172 1.32 13.8 Average 2,740 73 87 50 3,788 1.28 13.8 A 3,300 113 104 46 7,527 1.38 22.8 B 3,000 133 82 62 6,273 1.53 20.9 C 2,900 137 83 62 5,794 1.69 20.0 D 3,000 119 97 47 6,423 1.36 21.4 E 3,200 120 96 46 5,360 1.53 16.7 F 3,000 119 96 48 5,760 1.44 19.2 Average 3,067 124 93 52 6,188 1.49 20.2
12 Results – January 2013 Pond Size (m2) Density Days of Size Yield FCR Productivity (PL/m2) Culture pcs/kg (kg) (MT/ha) A 2,800 107 96 45 6,011 1.30 21.5 B 2,900 105 94 53 5,783 1.28 20.0 C 2,800 107 89 51 5,504 1.33 20.0 Average 2,833 106 93 50 5,766 1.30 20.3
13 Results – Phytoplankton
Dominated by green algae
Water transparency from
40-60 cm in the first weeks to 20-30cm in the last 2 months of the crop
Blue-green algae below
10% most of the time.
14 Conclusion
- Successful production using semi-biofloc or mixotrophic
system - Management of the system based on the frequent application of the right nutrients for the algae and the right probiotics
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