Seminar Report

A
SEMINAR REPORT ON
LAN MAN WAN

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the award of degree of CSE
SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO
PRAJJWAL SINGH MR. Amit Tiwari
1
Seminar report on
LAN WAN MAN

by
PRAJJWAL SINGH (1528410058)
Submitted to the Department of Computer Science and Engineering in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Computer Science and Engineering
UNITED INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow
2
Acknowledgement
I would like to thank respected Mr Amit Tiwari for
giving me such a wonderful opportunity to expand my
knowledge for my own branch and giving me guidelines to
present a seminar report. It helped me a lot to realize of
what we study for.
Secondly, I would like to thank my parents who patiently
helped me as i went through my work and helped to modify
and eliminate some of the irrelevant or un-necessary stuffs.
Thirdly, I would like to thank my friends who helped me to
make my work more organized and well-stacked till the end.
Next, I would thank Microsoft for developing such a
wonderful tool like MS Word. It helped my work a lot to
remain error-free.
Last but clearly not the least, I would thank The Almighty for
giving me strength to complete my report on time.
3
Preface
I have made this report file on the topic LAN WAN MAN; I have
tried my best to elucidate all the relevant detail to the topic to be
included in the report. While in the beginning I have tried to give a
general view about this topic.
My efforts and wholehearted co-corporation of each and everyone
has ended on a successful note. I express my sincere gratitude to
…………..who assisting me throughout the preparation of this topic. I
thank him for providing me the reinforcement, confidence and most
importantly the track for the topic whenever I needed it.
Introduction
There are so many different types of computer networks in
existence; it can be hard to understand the differences between
them, particularly the ones with very similar-sounding names. This
lesson explains the structures and functions of some of the most
popular computer networks.
Types of Networks
There are several different types of computer networks. Computer

networks can be characterized by their size as well as their purpose.
The size of a network can be expressed by the geographic area they

occupy and the number of computers that are part of the network.
Networks can cover anything from a handful of devices within a
single room to millions of devices spread across the entire globe.
Some of the different networks based on size are:
• Personal area network, or PAN

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• Local area network, or LAN
• Metropolitan area network, or MAN
• Wide area network, or WAN
In terms of purpose, many networks can be considered general

purpose, which means they are used for everything from sending
files to a printer to accessing the Internet. Some types of networks,
however, serve a very particular purpose. Some of the different
networks based on their main purpose are:
• Storage area network, or SAN

• Enterprise private network, or EPN
• Virtual private network, or VPN
Let's look at each of these in a bit more detail.
Local Area Network (LAN)

What is LAN?
A local area network (LAN) supplies networking capability to a
group of computers in close proximity to each other, like in an
office building, school, or home. LANs are usually built to enable
the sharing of resources and services like files, printers, games,
applications, email, or internet access.
Multiple local networks may stand alone, disconnected from any

other network, or might connect to other LANs or a WAN (like the
internet).
Traditional home networks are individual LANs but it is possible to

have multiple LANs within a home, like if a guest network is set up.
5
Technologies Used to Build a LAN
Modern local area networks predominantly use either Wi-Fi or
Ethernet to connect their devices together.
A traditional Wi-Fi LAN operates one or more wireless access points

that devices within signal range connect to. These access points in
turn manage network traffic flowing to and from the local devices
and can also interface the local network with outside networks. On a
home LAN, wireless broadband routers perform the functions of an
access point.
A traditional Ethernet LAN consists of one or more hubs, switches, or

traditional routers that individual devices connect to through
Ethernet cables.
Both Wi-Fi and Ethernet also allow devices to connect to each other
directly (e.g. peer to peer or ad hoc connections) rather than
through a central device, although the functionality of these
networks is limited.
Though Ethernet and Wi-Fi are usually used in most businesses and
homes, due both to the low cost and speed requirement, a LAN may
be setup with fiber if enough reason can be found.
Internet Protocol (IP) is by far the predominant choice of network

protocol used on LANs. All popular network operating systems have
built-in support for the required TCP/IP technology.
How Big Is a LAN?

A local network can contain anywhere from one or two devices up to
many thousands. Some devices like servers and printers stay
permanently associated with the LAN while mobile devices like
laptop computers and phones may join and leave the network at
various times.
Both the technologies used to build a LAN and also its purpose
determine its physical size. WiFi local networks, for example, tend to
6
be sized according to the coverage area of individual access points,
whereas Ethernet networks tend to span the distances that
individual Ethernet cables can cover.
In both cases, though, LANs can be extended to cover much larger

distances if needed by aggregating together multiple access points or
switches.
Note: Other types of area networks may be larger than LANs, like
MANs and CANs.
Benefits of a Local Area Network

There are plenty of advantages to LANs. The most obvious one, like mentioned
above, is that software (plus licenses), files, and hardware can be shared with
all the devices that connect to the LAN. This not only makes things easier but it
also reduces the cost of having to buy multiples.
For example, a business can avoid having to buy a printer for each employee
and computer by setting up a LAN to share the printer over the whole
network, which lets more than just one person print to it, fax things, scan
documents, etc.
Since sharing is a major role of a local area network, it's clear that this type of
network means faster communication. Not only can files and other data be
shared much quicker if they stay within the local network instead of reaching
the internet first, but point-to-point communication can be setup for quicker
communication.
Also on this note, sharing resources on a network means there's central

administrative control, which means it's easier to make changes, monitor,
update, troubleshoot, and maintain those resources.
LAN Topologies
A computer network topology is the underlying communication
structure for components of a LAN.
Those who design network technologies consider topologies, and

understanding them gives some additional insight into how networks
7
work. However, the average user of a computer network does not
need to know much about them.
Bus, ring, and star topologies are the three basic forms that are
known by most networking literate people.
Advantages of LAN
Few advantages of LAN are mentioned below:
• Resource sharing
• E-mail
• Security
• Security
• Cost
• Speed
Disadvantages of LAN
Disadvantages of LAN are mentioned below:
• Cables may break

• File server may break
• Needs administrative time
• Expensive to install
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A metropolitan space network (MAN) could be a network that
interconnects users with pc resources in an exceedingly geographic
space or region larger than that lined by even an oversized local area
network (LAN) however smaller than the realm lined by a wide area
network (WAN). The term is applied to the interconnection of
networks in an exceedingly town into one larger network (which
might then conjointly provide economical affiliation to a large space
network). it's conjointly accustomed mean the interconnection of
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many native space networks by bridging them with backbone lines.
The latter usage is additionally generally mentioned as a field
network.
Examples of metropolitan area networks of varied sizes are found
within the metropolitan areas of London, England; Lodz, Poland; and
Geneva, Switzerland. massive universities conjointly typically use the
term to explain their networks. A recent trend is that the installation
of wireless
MANs.
Wide Area Network (WAN)

A wide area network (WAN) may be a telecommunications network
or network that extends over an outsized geographical distance.
Wide area networks are typically established with hired
telecommunication circuits. Business, education and government
entities use wide area networks to relay information to employees,
students, clients, buyers, and suppliers from numerous locations
across the planet.
In essence, this mode of telecommunication permits a business to
effectively perform its daily performs no matter location. the net is
also thought of a WAN. Related terms for alternative kinds of
networks are personal area networks (PANs), local area networks
(LANs), campus area networks (CANs), or metropolitan area
networks (MANs) that are sometimes restricted to an area, building,
field or specific metropolitan area respectively.
List of WAN Types:
• SD- WAN
• X.25
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• SONET
• Leased line
• ISDN
• Frame Relay
• DSL
• Dial-up
• Cable modem
• ATM
Conclusion
LAN is a private network used in small offices or homes usually
within 1km range with high speed transfer data rate and fulltime
service connectivity in low cost. WAN covers a large geographical
area for example, a country or a continent.
Its data transfer data is usually low as compared to LAN, but it is

compatible with a variety of access lines and has an advanced
security. MAN covers an area bigger than LAN within a city or town
and serves as an ISP for larger LAN. It uses optical fibers or wireless
infrastructure to link the LANs therefore, providing high speed
regional resource sharing.
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REFERENCES
1. www.google.com
2. www.wikipedia.org
3. www.github.com
4. www.scribd.com
11

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A

LAN MAN WAN

LAN WAN MAN

PRAJJWAL SINGH (1528410058)

Submitted to the Department of Computer Science and Engineering in partial fulfillment of

the requirements for the degree of

Computer Science and Engineering

UNITED INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow

There are several different types of computer networks. Computer

The size of a network can be expressed by the geographic area they

Some of the different networks based on size are:

• Personal area network, or PAN

In terms of purpose, many networks can be considered general

• Storage area network, or SAN

Let's look at each of these in a bit more detail.

Local Area Network (LAN)

Multiple local networks may stand alone, disconnected from any

Traditional home networks are individual LANs but it is possible to

A traditional Wi-Fi LAN operates one or more wireless access points

A traditional Ethernet LAN consists of one or more hubs, switches, or

Internet Protocol (IP) is by far the predominant choice of network

How Big Is a LAN?

In both cases, though, LANs can be extended to cover much larger

Benefits of a Local Area Network

Also on this note, sharing resources on a network means there's central

Those who design network technologies consider topologies, and

• Cables may break

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Its data transfer data is usually low as compared to LAN, but it is

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