AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ ERROR IN USING

POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE IN THEIR ONLINE WRITING

TASKS

A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Submitted to the English Education Program

Faculty of Teacher Training and Educational Sciences of Galuh University
to be Presented in a Research Proposal Seminar

By
RIZAL PRATAMA FIRDAUS
2109170105

ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES
GALUHUNIVERSITY
2018

Template of Qualitative Research

December 2018
English Education Program
Faculty of Teacher Training & Education
Galuh University
A. Proposed title of the study

The tittle of the study will be an analysis of students’ error in using

possessive adjective in their online writing task.

B. Introduction

1. Background of the study

Lately, students in junior high school are demanded to master reading,

speaking, listening, and writing. From those skills, writing is the most difficult

one for all language learners whether the language is the first, second, or foreign

language, ‘both in mother tongue and in foreign language. Writing is a way to

express feelings, ideas, arguments, willingnes and thoughts in the form of words

in sentences. This language skill is used to communicate from one to another by

writing. According to Pope, ‘writing can be briefly defined as the activity of

making verbal marks on paper or some other substance (stone, wood, plastic,

computer screen, etc.); also what results (i.e. a

piece of writing)’ (1998:255)

Levy (1997) defined computer-assisted language learning (CALL) as “the

search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and

learning” (Levy, 1997, p.1). this CALL approach was used for activities that

involved communication such as conversations, written tasks, critical thingking,

etc. some activities such as spelling, grammar checks and text reconstruction
Template of Qualitative Research
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programs were another model of computer as a tool. Teacher use communication

and written tasks in materials from possesive adjectives.

Leech (2006, p.87) says that possessive adjective is the possessive forms

my, your, his, her , its, our, their, are sometimes called ‘possesive determiners’

because they occur in determiner position, like the, in a noun phrase, alternatively,

they can be considered possessive pronouns.

The researcher choose topic that entitled “an analysis of students’error in

using possessive adjective in their online writing task”.

2. Research question

a. What kinds of possessive adjective errors are mostly errors

made by students in their online writing task ?

b. What causes possessive adjective errors are mostly errors

made by students in their online writing task ?

3. Purpose of the study

a. To know kinds of possessive adjective are mostly errors made

by students in their online writing task.

b. To know causes possessive adjective errors are mostly errors

made by students in their online writing task.

c.
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English Education Program
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Galuh University
 4. Significanceof the study

The result of the study will be great contribution to give

broader information and knowledge to the readers. The present study

is expected to give several aspects : 1) theoretically, 2) practically, and

3) pedagogically.

Theoretically, the findings of the presents study are hoped to give

addition of information about students’ error in using possessive

adjective in their online writing tasks.

Practically, this result of this study also give the significance for

educational field, the researcher is expected to be able to know

students error in using possessive adjective in their online writing

tasks.

Pedagogically, the result of this study also give the significance

for educational field, the researcher hope this study could make

students understand themselves and make easier for them to writing

tasks.

5. Scope of the study

Based on the research question above, the researcher will limit the

discussion on analysis on students’ grammatical error in their writing

assignment. This study will conduct in junior high school ciamis.

Template of Qualitative Research

December 2018
English Education Program
Faculty of Teacher Training & Education
Galuh University
 6. Definition of key terms

To avoid misunderstanding, the writer/researcher considers it is necessary

to define some key terms. There are some terminologies that will be used in this

study. They are key term 1, key term 2, and key term 3.

a. error

as davis and pearse (2002, p,13) ) state that ‘errors .

b. writing

according to celce-murcia, (2001, p.4) ‘ writing is the ability to

express one’s idea in writing in a second or foreign language and to do

so with reasonable coherence and accuracy is a major achievement.

C. computer-assisted language learning (CALL)

Levy 1997 defined computer-assisted language learning (CALL) as

“the search for and study of applications of the compiter in language

teaching and learning.

7. Research report organization

The research report be written in paper organization as follows :

Chapter 1 is introduction. It consists the background of the study, research

question, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope of study, definition

of key terms and research report organization.

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December 2018
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Galuh University
Chapter 2 is review of literature. It consist defition of writing, definition of error,

the definition of grammar, definition of computer assisted language teaching and

learning.

Chapter 3 is methodology. It consist design, research procedure, research site, data

collection, data collection, data analysis, ethical consideration, research timeline,

bibliography and appendices.

Chapter 4 is result and discussion. It consist of result and findings.

Chapter 5 is conclusions and suggestions. It consists of conclusions and

suggestions.

D. Review of the literature

1. Definition of writing

Writing plays important role in language learning. It takes a long time to master since it take

achievment’. It means that in writing, one expresses ideas, opinion, feeling or

experience that somebody read or heard into the written form to develop his

writing skill.

The forms of coherent and cohesive paragraphs include stories, poem,

essays, journal, notes, letters, reports, and script for plays which can be

incorporated into exposition, narration, argumentation, and fiction, Klein (1985 in

palmer, 1994, p.9).

David-and pearse (2002, p.101) classify ‘writing into low level skills

(handwriting or typing, spelling, constructing grammatical sentences,

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punctuating). And high level cognitive skills (gathering ideas, organizing, and

sequencing, structuring, drafting, and editing).

2. Possessive adjectives

Leech (2006, p.87) says that possessive adjective is the possessive forms

my, your, his, her, its, our, there are sometimes called ‘possesive determiners’

because they occur in the determiner position, like the, in a nounphrase.

Alternatively, they can be considered possessive pronouns.

Possessive adjectives are followed immediately by a noun, they do not stand

alone, but refer to the prosessor and not to the thing possessed. My, your, his, her,

its, our and there are determines, while in grammars and dictionary, they are

called possessive adjectives.

E.g; this is my hat (my is the possessive adjective of the prosessor hat)

This part will show you how to criticize outside sources from books,

scholarly articles, and any other sources which relevant to the proposed topic is

being to researched.This part is mainly crucial for students to know hence its

urgency of study underpinning.

3.1 Error description

Dulay, burt, and krashen (1982, p.146-191) propose four descriptive

classifications to analyze errors. They are follows :

1). Error in linguistic taxonomy

Linguistic taxonomy classifies errors according to either or both the

language components and the particular linguistic constituent the error affects.
Template of Qualitative Research
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Galuh University
Language components include phonology (pronounciation), syntax and

morphology (grammar), semantic and lexicon (meaning and vocabulary), and

discourse (style). Constituent includes the elements that comprise each language

component. For example, within syntax one may ask whether the error is in the

main or subordinate clause, which constituent is affected, e.g. the noun phrase, the

auxiliary, the verb phrase, the preposition, the adverb, the adjective, and so forth.

2. errors in surface strategy taxonomy

Surface strategy taxonomy highlights the ways surface strategy

perspective holds much promise for researchers concerned with identifying

cognitive processes that underlie the learner’s reconstruction of the new language.

A. Ommisions errors

An omission is a type of error which is “characterized by the absence of an

item that must appear in awell-formed utterance”. As we know that

morphemes or words cam be distinguished into two classes : content

words and grammatical words. Content words are those that carry the bulk

of referential meaning of a sentences such as nouns, verbs, adjectives,

adverbs, etc. grammatical or function words are those little words that play

a minor role in carrying the meaning of a sentence. They include noun and

verb inflection (-s, ed, ing) : the article (a, the, an) : verb auxiliaries (is,

will, can, may, etc); and preposition (in, on, or, etc). language learners

omit grammatical morphemes much more frequently than content words.

Omission of content words, although typical in the early stages of L1

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 acquistion where the learner is older and more cognitively mature. If

content words are omitted in L2, it is usuallycaused by lack of vocabulary,

and learners usualy indicate their awareness of the missing constituent.

E.g. : johm is clever student. Ther is misiing “a” that should be john is a

clever students.

3). Error in communicative effect taxonomy

Communicative effect taxonomy deals with errors from the perspective at their

effect on the listener or reader. It focuses on distinguishing between errors that

seem to cause miss communication. This taxonomy classifies errors into :

b. Global errors

c. Global errors are the misuse of structure and thus damage or

breakdown communication. For example conjuction errors, which

involve the overall meaning of the sentence and major constituent

classes of the sentence or trnsformations, will seriously influence

comprehension of sentences.

d. e.g, : I saw their departmentor listeners do not know what the

sentence means.

readers

e. Local errors

Local errors are reflecting to error which will not damage

communication, such as lexical errors, noun errors, and adverbs,

etc do not usually cause major problems.

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 E,g, : A trousers.

Trousers are consider to be plural so the indefinite article ‘a’ is not

needed.

Ellis (1997) maintains that ‘classifying errors can help us to

diagnose learner’s learning problem at any stage of their

development and to plot how changes in error patterns occurs over

time’. This categorization can be exemplified as follows :

a. omission

i. Morphological omission : a strange thing happen to me

yesterday.

ii. Syntactical omission : must also sat the names ?

b. addition

i. in morphology : the books is here

ii. in syntax : the London

iii. in lexicon : I stayed during there during five years ago

c. selection

i. in morphology : my friend is oldest than me

ii. in syntax : I want that he comes here

f. ordering

i. in pronounciation : fignisicant for ‘significant; plural for

‘plural’.

ii. in morphological : get upping for ‘getting up’.

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 iii. in syntax : he is a dear to me friend.

iv. In lexicon : key car for ‘car key’.

1. Previous studies

State clearly your previous study related to the present study at least 3 studies which is publ

E. Research methodology

1. Research design

The design of this research is qualitative research. About this research, cre

2. `Research procedures

This part dealt with some step by step actions will be conducted during

research especially for collecting the data. This commonly requires us to elaborate

explicity and technically. Asking for permission to teacher will be one of he

research procedure steps if you collect the researcher data from class at junior

high school 3 Ciamis.

3. Research site

The research will be taken junior high school 2 Ciamis which located in

Jl/ K.H. ahmad dahlan no.2, Ciamis, west java 46215. The participants are

students of junior high school 3 Ciamis.

4. Data collection

a. Interview

Template of Qualitative Research

December 2018
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Galuh University
 The researcher interviews on teacher and students on Tierney

and dilley (2001), interviewing students is of great significance

as it would include them and their views in the learning

process.

b. Documents

Analysis of documents, namely data collection techniques by

studying the document such as attendace list of the students,

syllabus and field note. From the documents examined get the

data can support this research. Braverly, (2009, p.19)

documentation a wide range of written materials can produce

qualitative information. These can be particularly useful in

trying to understand the philosophy of an organization as may

be required in etnography.

5. Data analysis

After getting the document. They are analyzed through process below :

1. Data collection

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December 2018
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 An activity to gather photo in the field of

sources data that has been chosen with a

specific data collection technique.

2. Data reduction

It means as the electoral process, focusing

no simplication, abstraction and

transformation of raw data emerging from

pictures in at junior high school 3 Ciamis.

3. They are collection of information being on

their conclusion and taking action.

4. Conclusion and verification

Verification is an activity to reinforce the

conclusions that have been taken. The

interactive model scheme by milles and

hubberman in H.B. Sutopo, (2002. P.96).

6. Ethical considerations

Participants were assured that the information obtained would be used

solely for the purpose of the research. They were also assured of high

confidentially to the information they provided. An aspect of confidentially in

research raises confidence in the participants and increases their level of

Template of Qualitative Research
December 2018
English Education Program
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Galuh University
 participation (Lay, 1976). The researcher will interview for participants to

talk about the difficulties in their study.

Template of Qualitative Research

December 2018
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Galuh University
 Research Timeline (you may format it to landscape orientation)

Dec’18 Jan’18 Feb’18 Mar’18 Apr’18 May’18 Jun’18 Jul’18

No Activities

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

1 Proposal

Writing

2 Proposal

Report

3 Instrument

Developmen

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 4 Getting

access to

campus

5 Data

Collection

6 Data

Analysis

7 Writing

Report

(Draft)

8 Revision

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 9 Final

Drafting

10 Report A

paper

15

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 F. Bibliography
Journal Article
Tafazoli, dara & niloofar, golshan (2014) Review of computer-assisted
language learning: History, merits & barriers
30

Ilmiah, (2016) an analysis of grammatical error in writing recount text.

Putri, sampurna & (2014) an analysis of grammatical error in witing
narrative texts done by the second semester students at the diploma
program english department in airlangga university surabaya
Puspita, Katarina (2015), the use of demonstrative pronoun and
demonstrative determiner this in upper-level student writing : a case study
Wolter, lynsey (2009), demonstrative in philosophy and linguistic.

Book
Sutopo,HB. 2002. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif, dasar-dasar teori dan
terapanya dalam penelitian. Surakarta : UNS Press.
Baverley Hancock, elizabeth ocklefor & kate windrige. 2009. An
45 introduction

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December 2018
English Education Program
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 Book
Ellis, R. (2003). Task-based Language Learning and Teaching. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.

Chapter in Book
Dodd, S. (1989). Lexicomputing and the Dictionary of the Future. In G.
James, (Ed.). Lexicographers and Their Works(pp. 83-93). Exeter:
University of Exeter Press.

Internet Source
Faizah Abdul Majid, Zalizan Jelas & Norzaini Azman. (2002). Selected
60 Malaysian Adult Learners’ Academic Reading Strategies: A Case
Study. Retrieved August 16, 2005 from
http://face.stir.ac.uk/Majidp61.htm

Conference Paper / Proceedings

Wang, Y. & Le, T. (2011). Teaching, learning and management: A case
study of intercultural communication and education. AARE 2006
Conference Proceedings, 27-30November, Adelaide EJ ISSN 1324-
9339 (2007).

Thesis
Nambiar, R. (2005). Language learning and language use strategies of
tertiary learners for academic literary: Towards a theoretical and
pedagogical model of learning. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
75

G. Appendices
Appendix 1
The summary of reading list used in proposal
Appendix 2
The Instruments used in the research

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