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133 views

WWW Tutorialspoint Com Java Java Encapsulation HTM

56

Uploaded by

Karan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Java - Encapsulation
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Encapsulation is one of the four fundamental OOP concepts. The other three are inheritance, polymorphism, and
abstraction.

Encapsulation in Java is a mechanism of wrapping the data (variables) and code acting on the data (methods)
together as a single unit. In encapsulation, the variables of a class will be hidden from other classes, and can be
accessed only through the methods of their current class. Therefore, it is also known as data hiding.

To achieve encapsulation in Java −

Declare the variables of a class as private.

Provide public setter and getter methods to modify and view the variables values.

Example
Following is an example that demonstrates how to achieve Encapsulation in Java −

/* File name : EncapTest.java */


public class EncapTest {
private String name;
private String idNum;
private int age;

public int getAge() {


return age;
}

public String getName() {


return name;
}
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public String getIdNum() {
return idNum;
} Accept

public void setAge( int newAge) {


age = newAge; Learn more
}
public void setName(String newName) {
name = newName;
}

public void setIdNum( String newId) {


idNum = newId;
}
}

The public setXXX() and getXXX() methods are the access points of the instance variables of the EncapTest class.
Normally, these methods are referred as getters and setters. Therefore, any class that wants to access the variables
should access them through these getters and setters.

The variables of the EncapTest class can be accessed using the following program −

/* File name : RunEncap.java */


public class RunEncap {

public static void main(String args[]) {


EncapTest encap = new EncapTest();
encap.setName("James");
encap.setAge(20);
encap.setIdNum("12343ms");

System.out.print("Name : " + encap.getName() + " Age : " + encap.getAge());


}
}

This will produce the following result −

Output
Name : James Age : 20

Benefits of Encapsulation
The fields of a class can be made read-only or write-only.

A class can have total control over what is stored in its fields.

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