Phylum Annelida, Mollusca, and Arthropoda

Elle’s Group
Elle Manabat, JM Manlapid, Chelsea Onia, Jayvee Saqui

PHYLUM ANNELIDA
Class Polychaeta
Class Oligochaeta
Class Hirudinea
PHYLUMANNELIDA
• “Segmented worms”; soft body and withouth skeleton.
• most significant ecological role played by annelids is reworking of
soil and sediments.
• body of Annelids is formed by a ring succesion or segments
(metamerism). Segmentation allows for flexibility and mobility
• have internal fertilization and they are oviparous animals
• The internal organs of annelids are well developed. They include a
closed, segmentally-arranged circulatory system.
• The digestive system is a complete tube with mouth and anus.
• Gases are exchanged through the skin, or sometimes through
specialized gills or modified parapodia
• Clitellum: thick glandular section of the body wall (carries the eggs)
PHYLUMANNELIDA
Class Polychaeta
• "many bristles".
• the most numerous group and
the most structurally diverse of
the annelids. About 10,000 living
species.
• having a well differentiated head
with specialized sense organs
and no clitellum.
• Their principal food source is
plankton and detritus
PHYLUM ANNELIDA
Class Oligochaeta
• the simplest annelids; do not have
parapods, and have few setae (for
grip as it moves)
• are hermaphroditic with the
reproductive organs limited to a few
segments
• circulatory system is that typical of
the annelids and has many
contractile vessels, or hearts
• feed on dead and decaying plant
fragments
PHYLUM ANNELIDA
Class Hirudinea
• “leeches”
• have no setae or parapodia and they have
anterior and posterior suckers for
attachment. Have a fixed number (34) of
body segments
• Either carnivorous or parasitic
• Coelomic fluid is contained in a system of
sinuses, which in some leeches functions as
a circulatory system
• Mouth's of blood-sucking leeches with
chitinous teeth and secrete anticoagulant
• are hermaphrodite with similar reproductive
behaviour to oligochaetes from which they
appear to have evolved. Eggs are fertilised
internally and laid in cocoons.
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Monoplacophora
Class Polyplacophora
Class Gastropoda/Univalvia
Class Pelecypoda/Bivalvia
Class Cephalopoda
Class Scaphopoda
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
• “mollusks”
• morphology
• unsegmented
• soft-bodied
• usually covered with a dorsal shell
• has a ventral, muscular foot
• has a shell-secreting mantle
• most organs located above foot and visceral mass
• has mantle cavity with gills
• larva is either a trocophore or veliger
• Trocophore: small, translucent, free-swimming larva.
• Veliger: develops from the trochophore larva and has large, ciliated lobes (velum).
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Monoplacophora
• “single-plated”
• single shelled, dome-shaped, apex is
forward; multiple pairs of organs
• live in deep-sea like ocean trenches
• morphology
• Gills, nephrida, pedal retractor muscles
and nerve connections are found in a
pallial groove which surrounds the foot.
• There are two pairs of gonads. No eyes or
tentacles are present.
• These organs repeat serially. They consist
of six pairs of nephridia, five or six pairs of
gills, and eight pairs of dorso-ventral pedal
retractor muscles.
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Polyplacophora
A Mossy Chiton (Mopalia
• chitons are the most widely known muscosa)
• sluggish marine animals
• eight overlapping transverse plates or valves
• dioecious (separate male and female)
• can eat diatoms, sponges, bryozoans and A LinedChiton
even small crustaceans (Tonicella lokii)
• morphology
• bordered by thick girdle of spines, hairs
or scales
• pallial cavity has multiple gills
surrounding the foot
• has heart and open blood system
• pair of kidneys
• bilateral nervous system
• have light receptors
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Gastropoda/Univalvia
• includes snails, slugs, limpets and sea hares
• largest group and extremely diverse class of molluscs

Conus marmoreus
• can be dioecious or hermaphroditic
• carnivore or herbivore; most feed using a radula
• a type of gastropod, the whelk drills a whole into shells of

other organisms for food
• morphology
• well-developed head and tentacle
• some have their bodies twisted in a spiral shell Achatina Immaculata
where they can withdraw themselves
• shell can be sinistral (CCW) or dextral (CW)
• has muscular foot
• adult gastropods are asymmetrical because of
torsion
• food enters through back, wastes leave through
anterior
• Radula: rasplike structure of tiny teeth used for scraping

food particles off a surface and drawing them into the Pila Ampullacea
mouth.
• Torsion: in which the entire top of their body twists 180

degrees on their foot.
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Pelecypoda
• clams, oyster, mussels, scallops
• have no head and radula
• stationary
• morphology
• has adductor muscles to shut its shell
• large bump at the antero-dorsal side of shell
is the umbo, the first part of the bivalve shell Placuna Placenta
to develop
• has siphons that carry water to internal TridacnaGigas
cavity and is known as inhalant siphon, the
other the exhalant
• water runs past ciliated gills that sift out
food particles
• enclosed by two shells hinged (w/ a tooth)
dorsally that opens ventrally
• If the valves are a mirror image of each
other then they are said to be
equivalved. If not, they are
inequivalved.
• has muscular hatchet-shaped foot for Verna Piridis
burrowing
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Cephalopoda
• most highly advanced of the molluscs; most
complex brain of any invertebrate
• All are marine, and the foot is modified to form
a series of tentacles and a head. In some the
shell is external, but in the most familiar
cephalopods the shell is internal or absent.
• are carnivorous, and use the jaws and radula to
bite and tear apart their prey
• cephalopods have one pair of unciliated
ctenidia within the mantle cavity
• For reproduction the male squid produces a
special arm called a hectocotylus. With that he
transfers a sperm packet to the female's pallial
cavity
• During retreat or evasion, fills its mantle cavity
with water and presses the water out of the
cavity's opening with high speed (jet
propulsion)
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA
Class Scaphopoda
• “tusk shells”
• shells usually have four layers, and
these are used for identification;
curved and tubular (like elephant
tusks)
• No ctenidia are present
• head is a short, conical projection
(proboscis) with a mouth
• selective deposit feeders, mainly
feeding on microscopic organisms,
particularly diatoms and
foraminiferans
PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
Subphylum Trilobitomorpha
Subphylum Chelicerata
SUBPHYLUM TRILOBITOMORPHA
• trilobites
CLASS TRILOBITA
• Fossilized trilobites; extinct marine arthropods

• Segmented body covered by hard segmented shell
• Have head, thorax and abdomen
• Each body segment had a pair of biramous appendages
SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA
• Chelicerates- first pair of appendages used to manipulate food

• Has cephalothorax and abdomen
• No mandibles and antennae
CLASS
MEROSTOMATA
• Horseshoe crab
• Has long spike-like tail used in locomotion
CLASS ARACHNIDA
• Chelicerae-first pair of appendages that eds in pincers

• Pedipalps-second pair of appendages used as jaw
• Last four pairs of appendages are used for walking
• Adults have no antennae
• Spiders, scorpions, mites and ticks
CLASS
PYCNOGONIDA
• Body greatly reduced in size
• Sea spiders
CLASS CRUSTACEA
• Have two compound eyes, two pairs of antennae, and three pairs of mouthparts
• Lobster, shrimp, crabs, barnacles
• Marine, terrestrial or freshwater

Phylum Annelida, Mollusca, and Arthropoda

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Phylum Annelida, Mollusca, and Arthropoda

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Elle’s Group

Elle Manabat, JM Manlapid, Chelsea Onia, Jayvee Saqui

• Trocophore: small, translucent, free-swimming larva.

• largest group and extremely diverse class of molluscs

• carnivore or herbivore; most feed using a radula

• a type of gastropod, the whelk drills a whole into shells of

• Radula: rasplike structure of tiny teeth used for scraping

• Torsion: in which the entire top of their body twists 180

• Fossilized trilobites; extinct marine arthropods

• Chelicerates- first pair of appendages used to manipulate food

• Chelicerae-first pair of appendages that eds in pincers

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