Ramana Maharshi discusses the difference between ajapa mantra and omkar mantra for controlling the mind. He explains that ajapa mantra refers to the involuntary repetition of "aham aham" that occurs naturally without uttering words. True ajapa is realized when one stops the breath through pranayama and witnesses the self alone remaining. Oral repetition of mantras is not considered ajapa. Japa or meditation becomes focused on a single thought until all other thoughts disappear and the thought itself dissolves into pure consciousness. The purpose of japa is to cling to one thought and reach self-realization by tracing the mantra back to its source.
Ramana Maharshi discusses the difference between ajapa mantra and omkar mantra for controlling the mind. He explains that ajapa mantra refers to the involuntary repetition of "aham aham" that occurs naturally without uttering words. True ajapa is realized when one stops the breath through pranayama and witnesses the self alone remaining. Oral repetition of mantras is not considered ajapa. Japa or meditation becomes focused on a single thought until all other thoughts disappear and the thought itself dissolves into pure consciousness. The purpose of japa is to cling to one thought and reach self-realization by tracing the mantra back to its source.
Original Description:
how to done mantra japa is indicated in this article
Ramana Maharshi discusses the difference between ajapa mantra and omkar mantra for controlling the mind. He explains that ajapa mantra refers to the involuntary repetition of "aham aham" that occurs naturally without uttering words. True ajapa is realized when one stops the breath through pranayama and witnesses the self alone remaining. Oral repetition of mantras is not considered ajapa. Japa or meditation becomes focused on a single thought until all other thoughts disappear and the thought itself dissolves into pure consciousness. The purpose of japa is to cling to one thought and reach self-realization by tracing the mantra back to its source.
Ramana Maharshi discusses the difference between ajapa mantra and omkar mantra for controlling the mind. He explains that ajapa mantra refers to the involuntary repetition of "aham aham" that occurs naturally without uttering words. True ajapa is realized when one stops the breath through pranayama and witnesses the self alone remaining. Oral repetition of mantras is not considered ajapa. Japa or meditation becomes focused on a single thought until all other thoughts disappear and the thought itself dissolves into pure consciousness. The purpose of japa is to cling to one thought and reach self-realization by tracing the mantra back to its source.
Question : For controlling the mind, which of the two is
better, performing japa of the ajapa [unspoken] mantra or of omkar [ the sound of `om’ ] ?
Ramana Maharshi: Ajapa really means to
know that japa which goes on involuntarily without being uttered through the mouth. Without knowing this real meaning people think that it means repeating with the mouth the words `soham, soham’ thousands of times, counting them on the fingers or on a string of beads. Before beginning a japa breath control is prescribed. That means, first do pranayama [regulating of breath] and then begin repeating the mantra. Pranayama means first closing the mouth, doesn’t it? If, by stopping the breath, the five elements in the body are bound down and controlled, what remains is the real Self. That Self will by itself be repeating always `aham, aham’ [`I, I’]. That is ajapa. Knowing this, how could that which is repeated by mouth be ajapa? The vision of the real Self which performs japa of its own accord involuntarily and in a never-ending stream, like the flowing down continuously of oil, is ajapa, gayatri and everything. If you know who it is that is doing japa you will know what japa is. If you search and try to find out who it is that is doing japa, that japa itself becomes the Self.
Question : Should we not contemplate the japa
and repeat it orally also? Ramana Maharshi: When the japa becomes mental, where is the need for the sounds? Japa, becoming mental, becomes contemplation. Dhyana, contemplation and mental japa are the same. When thoughts cease to be one thought persists to the exclusion of all others, it is said to be contemplation - Dhyana. The object of japa or dhyana is the exclusion of several thoughts and confining oneself to one single thought. Then that thought too vanishes into its source – absolute consciousness.
Question : Sri Bhagavan has said that the
japa must be traced to its source. Is it not the mind that is meant?
Ramana Maharshi: Japa helps to fix the
mind on a single thought. All other thoughts are first subordinated until they disappear. When it becomes mental it is called dhyana. It is however called dhyana because it is made with effort. Effort is necessary so long as thoughts are promiscuous. Because you are with other thoughts, you call the continuity of a single thought meditation or dhyana. Japa means clinging to one thought to the exclusion of all other thoughts. That is its purpose. It leads to dhyana which ends in Self-realization or jnana.
Source: from David Godman Excellent Book
“Be As You are” http://www.awaken.com/2013/01/ramana- maharshi-on-mantra-japa/