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    Ooabap Questions

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    Ooabap Questions

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    ooabap questions

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    38 views69 pages

    Ooabap Questions

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    DiptimayeeGupta
    ooabap

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 69

    Object Oriented ABAP

    Hyderabad February 24-26th 2006


    Instructor: Subhas Katikala.
    Workshop Goals

    This workshop will enable you to:

    • Learn object – oriented concepts.


    • Learn the principle of object - oriented
    programming.
    • Learn the application of object
    - oriented ABAP.
    Course Contents

    Object Oriented Concepts


    Object Oriented Programming.
    Advantages of the Object-Oriented Approach

    Classes Methods
    Components of a Class • Syntax and Visibility
    • Instance Methods and Static Methods
    • Constructor

    Attributes Reference Variables


    • Syntax and Visibility • Creating References
    • Instance Attributes and Static Attributes • Assigning References
    Course Contents

    Inheritance
     Super classes and Subclasses
     Visibility
     Inheritance and the (Instance) Constructor
     Parameters
     Redefining Methods in OOABAP
     Compatibility
     Principles of the Narrowing Cast
     Static and Dynamic Components
     Final Classes and Methods
    Course Contents

    Polymorphism
     Advantages Compared to Procedural Programming
     Abstract Classes and Methods
     Component Namespaces in Classes

    Interfaces
     Defining and Implementing an Interface
     Working with Interface Components
     Interface References
    • Narrowing Cast
    • Widening Cast
     Using Several Interfaces
     Polymorphism and Interfaces
     Polymorphism and Inheritance
     Compound Interfaces
    Course Contents

    Events
     Define and Trigger Events
     Handle Events
     Register and deregister Events
     Receive a reference from Sender
    Object – Oriented Concepts

    What
    What are Objects ?
    Are Objects?

    Model House
    Real world Tree

    Method
    Method
    Data Data Method
    Method
    Method
    Method

    Crane

    Method Boat
    Data Method
    Method Method
    Data Method
    Method

     Objects are an abstraction of the real world


     Objects are units made up of data and of the
    functions belonging to that data

     SAP AG 1999
    OOPS

    Object Oriented Programming


    • Encapsulation
    • Inheritance
    • Polymorphism
    • Instantiation
    • Interfacing
    • Events
    Advantages
    • Simplicity
    • Explicitness
    • Maintainability
    • Future Orientation
    Classes

    • Classes are the central element of object-orientation.

    • A Class is an abstract description of an object.

    • Classes are templates for objects.

    • The attributes of objects are defined by the components of


    the class, which describe the state and behavior of objects.
    Classes

    • You define global classes and interfaces in the Class


    Builder (Transaction SE24) in the ABAP Workbench.

    • They are stored centrally in class pools in the class library


    in the R/3 Repository.

    • All of the ABAP programs in an R/3 System can access the


    global classes.
    Components in a class
    Classes

    Defining Local Classes


    • A complete class definition consists of a declaration part and, if required, an
    implementation part.

    • The declaration part of a class <class> is a statement block:


    CLASS c1 DEFINITION.
    ….
    ENDCLASS.

    • If you declare methods in the declaration part of a class, you must also write an
    implementation part for it.
    CLASS c1 IMPLEMENTATION.
    ….
    ENDCLASS.
    Attributes
    Classes

    Defining Local Classes


    Attributes, Types, Constants - Syntax
    Attributes and Visibility
    Instance attributes and Static attributes
    Methods
    Methods : Syntax
    Methods and Visibility
    Instance methods and Static methods
    Instance methods and Static methods : Example
    Constructor
    Constructor : Example
    Static Constructor : Implementation
    Static Constructor : Call Examples
    Creating Objects
    Reference Variables
    Creating Objects : Syntax
    Assigning References
    Inheritance

    • Inheritance allows you to derive a new class from an existing class.


    • You do this using the INHERITING FROM addition in the
    CLASS <subclass> DEFINITION INHERITING FROM <superclass>
    statement.
    • The new class <subclass> inherits all of the components of the existing
    class <superclass>.
    • The new class is called the subclass of the class from which it is
    derived.
    • The original class is called the superclass of the new class.
    Inheritance
    Inheritance : Syntax
    Relationships between super classes and
    subclasses

    Relationships between super classes and subclasses


    Inheritance and Visibility
    Inheritance and (Instance) constructor
    Parameters and CREATE OBJECT
    Redefining Methods in ABAP Objects
    Redefining Methods : Example
    Compatibility and Narrowing Cast
    Principles of the Narrowing Cast
    Static and Dynamic Types: Example
    Static and Dynamic Types for References
    Static and Dynamic Types for References

    Widening the Cast


    Widening the cast
    Polymorphism
    Polymorphism
    Polymorphism
    Interface

    • Interfaces exclusively describe the external point


    of contact of a class, but they do not contain their
    own implementation part.
    Defining and Implementing Interface
    Working with Interface components
    Interface References Narrowing casting
    Interface

    • The assignment of an object reference to an interface


    reference is known as a narrowing cast since, as with
    inheritance, only a part of the object interface is visible once
    you have assigned the reference.
    • With an interface reference, you can no longer address all
    components in the class carrying out the implementation, but
    only the components defined in the interface.
    Interface references widening cast
    Interface

    • The widening cast is, as with inheritance, the opposite of the


    narrowing cast: here it is used to retrieve an object reference
    from an interface reference. Obviously it cannot be statically
    checked, since an interface can be implemented by more than
    one class.

    • An object reference cannot be assigned to an interface


    reference if it has itself not implemented the corresponding
    interface.
    Using several Interface

    • In the above example, one class is implementing several


    interfaces. Even if these interfaces contain components with the
    same name, they are differentiated in the class carrying out the
    implementation by the prefix “<interfacename>~”.
    Polymorphism and Interface
    Events

    • Objects or Classes use events to trigger Event Handler methods in


    other objects or classes.
    • When an event is triggered any number of Event Handler Methods can
    be called.
    • The events of a class can be raised in the same class using the RAISE
    EVENT Statement.
    • Events have only output parameters which are accepted by the Event
    Handler Methods as input parameters.
    • The link between the trigger and the handler is established dynamically
    at runtime using the statement SET HANDLER.
    Events Overview
    Triggering and handling Events :
    Overview
    Defining and Triggering Events
    Handling and Registering Events
    Handling Events
    Registering for an Event : Syntax
    Deregistration
    Registration/Deregistration : Handler
    Table
    Event handling : Characteristics
    Events and Visibility

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