Design of Beams 1design of Beams A1-A2 and A2-A3

DESIGN OF BEAMS
1DESIGN OF BEAMS A1-A2 AND A2-A3.
Total span=3m c/c
Design loads: ---
1. Load from slab at the long and short edge=w1=1.5(2 live load+finish load
1+self weight of slab =1.5(2+1+25x0.1x2.4X1/3)=1.5(3+2)=7.5
2. Self weight of grade beam=1.5x25x0.23x0.23=1.98
3. Weight of wall =1.5x20x3x0.23=20.70
Total load on the beam=7.5+1.98+20.7=30.18
Assuming contra flexure point at a distance of 0.1L span of the beam for
approximate analysis=0.8l=0.8x3=2.4mt
𝑊𝐿2
Maximum bending moment= 𝑀 = =30.18x2.4x2.4/8=21.73 kn.m
8
31 mm
230-31=199
Beam cross section and effective depth
From SP16 reinforcement for the above section and loads follow
Here d1/d=31/199=0.156 and

m
=21.73X1000X1000/(230X199X199)=2.385
bd2
For these values the Ast and Asc are
For d1/d=0.15 and for 𝑀/𝑏𝑑 2 =2.3
pt= 0.791 psc=0.08
For 𝑑1 /d=0.20
Pt=0.796 pc=0.089
For 0.156
Pt=0.791+(0.796-0.791)/0.1x0.006=0.7913
Pc=0.08+(0.089-0.08)/0.1x0.006=0.0854
For m/bd2 =2.4
for 0.15 pt= 0.824 pc=0.115
for 0.20 pt=0.831 pc=0.127
for0. 156 and for 2.4
pt=0.824+(0.831-0.824)/0.05x0.006=0.825
Pc=0.115+(0.127-0.115)/0.05x0.006=0.116
For M/𝑏d2 =2.385 and for d1/d=0.156
pt=0.7913+(0.825-0.7913)/0.1x0.085=0.82
pc=0.0854+(0.116-.0854)/0.1x0.085=0.111
Aat calculation:--
Ast=ptbd/100=0.82x230x199/100=375.314 mm2
So provide 16 mm dia bars – 2no
Asc calculation
Area of steel in compression=0.111x230x199/100=50.80 mm2
At the top provide 2 no 8 mm dia steel Asc provided=2x22/28x18x8=100.57

𝑚𝑚2 >50.80 required hence O.K
Design for shear force:--
Maximum shear force=wl/2=30.18x2.4/2=36.216KN

From the tables for VUS /bd=36.216/19.9=1.82KN/cm and for 8mm dia 2legged
stirrups spacing=19 cm c/c i.e 7 inches c/c
DESIGN OF BEAM A2 and B2
Loads on to the beam
1. Slab load from 2 sides =2xwlx/3=2x1.5x25x0.10x2.4/3=6KN/M
2. Live load and floor finish load=1.5(2+1)=4.5kn/m
3. Self weight of grade beam=1.5x0.23x0.23x25=1.98375kn/m
4. Dead load from wall=1.5x20x0.23x3=20.7 kn/m
Total factored load=33.18kn/m or 34 kn/m
Maximum bending moment=wl2 /8=34x2.42 /8=24.48knm
M/bd2 =24.48x1000x1000/230x1992 =2.687
So from the tables for these values of 2.96 and for d1 /d=31/199=0.156
For 2.6 and for d1/d=0.15 pt= 0.889 pc=0.185
For d1/d=0.2 pt= 0.90 pc=0.205
For 0.156 pt=0.889+(0.90-0.889)/0.05x0.006=0.89
Pc= 0.185+(0.205-0.185)/0.05x0.006=0.1874
For 2.7 for 0.15 pt=0.922 pc=0.22
For 0.20 pt=0.935 pc=0.282
For 1.56, pt=0.922+(0.935-0.922)/0.05x0.006=0.923
pc=0.22+(0.282-0.22)/0.05x0.006=0.227
Now for2.687 pt=0.89+(0.923-0.89)/0.1x0.087=0.919
Pc=0.1874+(0.227-0.1874)/0.1x0.087=0.222
Ast=0.919x230x199/100=420.63 mm2
𝜋
Provide 2 no 16 mm dia and 1 no 8 mm dia so provided steel=2x x162 +1x𝜋/
4
2 2 2
4x8 =402.28+50.28=452.56mm >required 457.7 mm
Now Asc=0.222x230x199/100=101.61 provide 2 no 10 mm dia rods which have

an area of 2xπx10x10/4=157.42mm2 >required 101.61mm2 .O.K
The section for the beam A2B2C2=
Top rods=2 NO 10
mm
2 legged 8 mm dia
stirrups at 7 inch
c/c
Bottom rods 2-16 mm and
1—8mm dia
Design for shear force

Maximum shear force in the beam at supports=S.F=wl/2=34x2.4/2=40.8 KN
VU/d=40.8/19.9=2.05
For fy=415 and for this value of 2.05 spacing of 8mm 2 legged stirrups=
18-(18-17)/0.119x0.0134=17.88 cm say 17.50 cm i.e 7 inches c/c
Provide 8mm stirrups at 17.5 cm c/c i.e. at a spacing of 7 inches c/c.
DESIGN OF SLABS
Design of slab panelA1A2B1B2
Long span length=lx=3.25 and ly=3.25
Assuming a total depth of 0.10 m dead load on the slab=25x0.1x1=2.5 kn/m
Live load and finish load=2+1=3kn/m
Total load=3+2.5 =5.5
Factored load =1.5x5.5=8.25 kn/m
ly/lx=3.25/3.25=1.0
Mux=αxwlx2=0.062x8.25x3.252=5.4 kn.m positive moment at mid span
Negative moment at the supports at continuous
edges=0.062x8.25x3.25x3.25=5.4 kn.m
Ast at centre for these values
Provide 8mm 24 cm c/c @9” c/c
Negative steel at continuous supports
Ast-ve =24 cm c/c
Check for maximum spacing
Maximum spacing should not exceed 3x0.08=0.24 t or 24 c/c
Or 300 mm whichever is less.
One rod straight and

one rod cranked at 8
inches c/c
Crank at the discontinuous edge will be at l/7=3.25/7=0.46 mt from centre
At the continuous edge crank will be at l/5=3.25/5=0.65 mt from centre

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DESIGN OF BEAMS

1DESIGN OF BEAMS A1-A2 AND A2-A3.

Total span=3m c/c

Design loads: ---

Beam cross section and effective depth

Here d1/d=31/199=0.156 and

For these values the Ast and Asc are

For d1/d=0.15 and for 𝑀/𝑏𝑑 2 =2.3

pt= 0.791 psc=0.08

For m/bd2 =2.4

for 0.15 pt= 0.824 pc=0.115

for 0.20 pt=0.831 pc=0.127

for0. 156 and for 2.4

For M/𝑏d2 =2.385 and for d1/d=0.156

So provide 16 mm dia bars – 2no

Area of steel in compression=0.111x230x199/100=50.80 mm2

At the top provide 2 no 8 mm dia steel Asc provided=2x22/28x18x8=100.57

Design for shear force:--

Maximum shear force=wl/2=30.18x2.4/2=36.216KN

Now Asc=0.222x230x199/100=101.61 provide 2 no 10 mm dia rods which have

The section for the beam A2B2C2=

Bottom rods 2-16 mm and

Design for shear force

One rod straight and

Crank at the discontinuous edge will be at l/7=3.25/7=0.46 mt from centre

At the continuous edge crank will be at l/5=3.25/5=0.65 mt from centre

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