© 201X JETIR Month 201X, Volume X, Issue X www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

Impacts and Factors Affecting Village Development

through “Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana”: A Review
1
Vivek N. Desai, 2Prof. Jagruti Shah
1
P.G. Scholar, 2Assistant Professor
1
Infrastructure Engineering & Technology, B.V.M. Engineering College, Anand, Gujarat, India
2
Assistant Professor, BVM Engineering College, Anand, Gujarat, India

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Abstract : In any of the developing countries, rural area holds a majority of the population, throughout the world. In India the
rural area consists of 68.8% of the total population [1] .The migration has increased stress on urban infrastructure. So there is a need
to develop rural areas to improve the quality of lifestyle of people as it is a common psychology nowadays that urban areas has
more quality of life than rural areas. But, since long times the government has been trying to cater this problem by introducing
various village development schemes. This paper contains basic needs and importance of village development followed by the detail
study of Saansad Aadarsh Gram Yojana, its impacts and at last factors affecting the village development were derived. Thus by
focusing only these factors, it’ll be easy for the implementation of various development schemes.

Keywords - Migration, Urban Infrastructure, Quality of Life, Village Development Schemes.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION
Today’s India comprises of 68.8% of rural population [1], according to the World Bank collection of development indicators
compiled from officially recognized sources, out of them still many villages are backward so it is needed to develop these villages.
Till date cultivation is only the major source of their economy, also access to electricity (% of rural population) in India was reported
to be 77.63 % in 2016. India has nearly 244 million households of which more than 179 million are rural. From that 56 percent of
those rural households do not own any land and depend on manual labor, so in search of employment and various amenities the
migration takes place which resulted in urban population growth (annual %) of 2.324 % in 2017. So the development of village is
necessary for the development of whole India.
Fortunately the Govt. of India, since long time has been focusing on the development of rural areas by introducing new projects
or schemes for the upliftment of the rural people. Also nowadays a number of schemes are still going on through the medium of
information technology which is much effective in terms of transparency.
But on the other hand there are many case studies in which the development of village took place during its time and now after
some time period those infrastructure facilities became unusable or are in abandoned conditions. This indicated a clear-cut waste of
money and resources.
It has been revealed from the past studies that only 18% of the rural development budget reaches the targeted rural families and
the rest is wasted due to inefficient delivery systems. This is resulted due to unplanned and haphazard developmental policies without
any firm background studies or researches or focusing on the main core critical factors which were actually needed by the respective
villages.
II. BASICS AND THEORY RURAL DEVELOPMENT
This section comprises of the importance and various Govt. schemes followed by the objectives of this study and details of
Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana.

2.1 Importance
In the process of the development of the country rural development has assumed greater importance as comparison to the
earlier period in India, because it’s a country comprising of majority of population living in villages.

2.2 Major government projects for village development

• Mission Antyodaya
• Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojna
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
• National Rurban Mission (NRuM)
• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna (PMGSY)
• Deen Dayal Upadhyay: Grameen Kaushlaya Yojna
• The National Social Assistance programme (NSAP)
• Deendayal Antyodaya Yojna-NLRM
• Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin
• Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan

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2.3 Objective
 To find out different impacts of “Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana”, and various critical factors and its sub-factors affecting
it.

III. SAANSAD ADARSH GRAM YOJANA (SAGY)

The Scheme is unique as it has a holistic approach towards development. It carries out integrated development of the selected
village across multiple areas such as agriculture, health, education, sanitation, environment, livelihoods, etc. [12].
The MP will have to identify one Gram Panchayat immediately for adoption, and two others to be taken up a little later. Lok
Sabha MP has to choose a Gram Panchayat from within his/her constituency and Rajya Sabha MP a Gram Panchayat from the rural
area of a district of his/her choice in the State from which he/she is elected. Primarily in Phase-1 & 2, the goal is to develop three
Adarsh Grams by March 2019, of which one would be achieved by 2016. Thereafter in Phase-3, five such Adarsh Grams (one per
year) will be selected and developed by 2024. The MPs will merge with the community to facilitate the Village Development Plan
and identify necessary resources. The VDP specially focuses in poverty reduction and ultimately creating adarsh grams.

3.1 IMPACT OF SAGY

From the various studies carried out on the development of villages through SAGY, the following impact analysis was found out:
1. Personal development:
 Inculcating good behavior and practices.
 Reduction from alcoholism, smoking, drugs, etc.
 Inhibiting good habits like daily exercise and games.
2. Human Development:
 100% immunization is achieved.
 Balancing the sex-ratio, by proper education.
 Nutrition status improvement for all, with special focus on children, adolescent girls, pregnant women, and
lactating mothers.
 Conversion of schools into ‘smart schools’. IT enabled classrooms with e-libraries, web based teaching and make
all students e-literate providing quality education.
 Village libraries including e-libraries has been set up for effective learning of students.
3. Social development:
 Festivals of sports and folk arts, on various occasion has been carried out.
 Activities for the promotion of volunteers through motivational speeches.
 Encouraging village people to fully participate and contribute to local development programmes.
 ‘Village Day’ celebration is done to inhibit the feeling of oneness.
4. Economic Development:
Promoting agricultural and allied livelihoods, including livestock and horticulture, through-
 Enhancing organic farming, through scientific methods.
 Soil health cards has been generated to know the scope of farming.
 Setting up of govt. seed banks to give direct benefit to farmers.
 Livestock development including Gobar Bank, cattle hostel has been carried out.
5. Rural industrialization like:
 Boosting small-scale enterprises to develop their business.
 Dairy development and processing units to be set up.
 Preservation of traditional local industries.
 Village tourism through eco-tourism is been developed to make the village famous.
 Skill development of youths for self-employment.
6. Environmental Development:
 Activities for a clean and green village which consists of, providing toilets in each household and in all public
places. And proper solid and liquid waste management.
 Watershed management especially renovating and retriving of traditional water bodies.
 Rainwater harvesting to preserve water during monsoon and use it in summer.
7. Basic amenities and services:
 Pucca houses for all houseless poor.
 Civic infrastructure including community halls, buildings for SHG, playgrounds, open sapces etc.
 Village markets to be developed to give a proper platform to sellers.
 CCTVs in all public places for security purpose.
IV. FACTORS & SUB-FACTORS AFFECTING VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT
From the various Govt. projects, practices, workshops, schemes and also different research studies, the main focus is found out on
the following factors as shown in Table 1.

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© 201X JETIR Month 201X, Volume X, Issue X www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)

Sr FACTORS Sr. No. FACTORS

No.
Educational Factors Physical Factors
1 Admission Rate 19 Water supply system

2 Primary Education 20 Storm water management

3 Secondary Education 21 Sanitation

4 Literacy Rate 22 Unused land development

Coverage of Habitations under
5 Skill Development centre 23
Electrification
Environmental Factors 24 Drinking Water Facilities
Activities for a clean and green
6 25 Irrigation
village
7 Tree plantation Social Factors
Watershed management especially
8 renovation and revival of traditional 26 Healthcare facilities
water bodies
Consumption of energy from
9 27 Recreational & Sports Facilities
renewable sources
10 Biogas plant 28 Safety & Security
Economical Factors Mobility Factors
11 Poverty Status (BPL/APL) 29 Public transport

12 Income 30 Availability of private vehicles

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana
13 31 Road Connectivity
(PMJDY)
Principal Occupations in the
14 Political Factors
Household
15 Self Help Groups (SHGs) 32 E-Governance

16 Indira Gandhi Aavash Yojana (IAY) 33 Transparent governance

17 MGNREGA 34 Government strategies & future plans

18 Banking Other Infrastructure Facilities

35 E-connectivity
36 Kisan Seva Kendra

37 Common Service Centre

38 Veterinary Care Centre

These factors and its sub-factors are directly related to the development strategies of any village.
V. CONCLUSION
Rural areas are often needed to be developed for better livelihood and technology for the overall development of the nation. Smart
Villages will not only reduce the migration towards urban area but also enable the population flow from urban to rural area as well.
The government scheme like SAGY is found to a best catalyst in achieving overall rural development. This scheme is based on the
development with community participation instead of doing by government alone, so the outcomes are better than any other schemes
in achieving overall development of the Indian villages, but some past case-studies revealed that either it took haphazard
development in selected villages or is left undeveloped to a great extent. So to avoid these two problems the Govt. has to focus only
critical factors and its sub-factors which actually plays role in development.

REFERENCES

1. Census of India 2011.

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2016; 2(3): 72-74.
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September, 2010.

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4. Learning from Some of the Available Guidelines and Successful Case Studies in Rural Development. Compiled by UBA
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