Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh

Ministry of Housing & Public Works

Urban Development Directorate (UDD)

“PREPARATION OF DEVELOPMENT PLAN

FOR FOURTEEN UPAZILAS” PROJECT
Package 05 – Ramu Upazila and Rangunia Upazila

INCEPTION REPORT
June 2015

Joint Venture of
HOUSE OF CONSULTANTS LIMITED
and
dm.Watch Disaster Management Watch [dm.Watch]
 Preparation of Development Plan for Fourteen Upazilas Project
Joint Venture of
HOUSE OF CONSULTANTS LIMITED (HCL)
and
Disaster Management Watch (dm. Watch)

Ref: HCL-dm.Watch/UDD/Inc_Report/15/027 Date: June 14, 2015

To
The Project Director
“Preparation of Development Plan for Fourteen Upazilas”
Room #407, 3rd Floor, Urban Development Directorate
82, Segunbagicha
Dhaka-1000.

Sub: Submission of Final Inception Report

Ref: Consulting Services for Preparation of Development for Package-5, Ramu Upazila
(391.71 sq km), District: Cox’s Bazar, & Rangunia Upazila (361.54 sq km), District:
Chittagong under “Preparation of Development Plan for Fourteen Upazilas”
Project.

Dear Sir,

We are pleased to submit herewith 07 (seven) copies of the Final Inception Report along with a
soft copy of the above assignment as per Appendix-2 of the contract signed on 23.12.2014 for
your kind information and necessary action.

Thanking you and assuring of our best services.

Yours sincerely,

Dr. M. Maksudur Rahman

Team Leader

Encl: As stated.

Project Office: House # B-154, Ground Floor, Road # 22, DOHS, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1206,
Tel: 9894206, 9894209, Fax: 9894285, Email: hcl@hclbd.org, hcl.email@yahoo.com
dm.Watch
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Inception Report is the second report underPackage-5 of“Preparation of Development Plan
for Fourteen Upazilas” projectand it is the initiation of consultancy service.Under this
package the development plan will be prepared for two important upazillas of Chittagong
Region which are Ramu upazila and Rangunia upazila. The report is being submitted in
fulfillment of the agreement signed between the client Urban Development Directorate
(UDD) and Join venture of House of Consultants Limited(HCL)& Disaster Management
Watch and subsequent Work order issued by the UDD.

The Inception report describes the background, objective, scope and location of the project
area, initial activities performed by the consultants as per TOR and the detailed work plan
and methodologies to be performed by consultants in fulfilling the preparation of
Development Plan for Ramu and Rangunia.The aim of the project is to prepare five tire of
development plan such as- sub-regional plan, structure plan, urban area plan, rural area
plan and action area plan to facilitate the improvement of infrastructure and services of the
upazila.These plans includeseveral sectoral components such as- socio-economic, housing,
population, urban and rural economy, hydrology, geology, disaster, environment, agriculture
etc.

The current project is a planning effort of central government agency of physical planning
that will fulfill the objectives of uplifting the living standard of the people of both the upazila.
The main objective of upgrading the living standard of the local people is to income
generation through different economic activities and employment opportunities. The
implementation of Upazila Development Plan will create congenial environment for new
investment through development of basic infrastructure facilities and services through
participatory planning. The aim is also to devise a control mechanism for sustainability of the
infrastructure and environmental development through integrating Disaster Risk Reduction
(DRR) approaches into landuse planning.

Under the preparation of development plan project the consultants have accomplished the
initial consultation meetings with differentstakeholders (e.g. local people, administration,
public representatives and business groups) through several FDGs tea stall meeting and
courtyard meetings in Ramu and Rangunia upazila. Collection of secondary sourcesof data
and reconnaissance survey has been done. Collection of Mauza map and stereo images is
almost completed. In the meantime the planning team has been mobilized and a number of
support staff has been appointed to assist the consulting team.Set up of siteoffices inRamu
and Rangunia Upazilais completed. The consultants have gone through the work plan and
methodologies as per TOR and Technical Proposal and revised detailed work plan and
methodologies have been provided for accomplishing the service successfully.

This is a very important report for the project initiation as all of activities, output and
methodologies for carrying out the activities have clearly stated in this report.

II
 Table of Contents
Inception Report
Preparation of Development Plan for Fourteen Upazilas. Package-5 (Ramu and RanguniaUpazila)

INCEPTION REPORT
Page No.
Table of Contents

Executive Summary II
Table of Content III
List of Tables X
List of Figures X
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms XI
Chapter-1: Introduction
1.1 Project Background 1-1
1.2 Objectives 1-2
1.3 Understanding of the Scope of Services 1-5
1.4 Inception activities as per TOR 1-7
1.5 Activities Performed in Inception Period 1-8
1.6 Description of the Project Area 1-8
1.6.1 RamuUpazila 1-8
1.6.2RanguniaUpazila 1-8
1.7 Organization of the Inception Report 1-9
Chapter-2: Approach and Methodology
2.1 Methodology of Field Survey& Plan Preparation 2-1
2.2 Review of National Development Plans &Policies 2-1
2.2.1 Introduction 2-1
2.2.2 Rationale of Relating National and Local Plans 2-1
2.2.3 Perspective Plan 2-1
2.2.4 Sixth Five Year Plan 2-2
2.2.5 Poverty Reduction Strategy Plan 2-2
2.2.6 Millennium Development Goal/SDG 2-3
2.2.7 National Disaster Management Plan 2-3
2.2.8 Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and Policy 2-3
2.2.9 Other Sectoral policies and Acts related to Landuse Planning 2-4
2.2.10 Linkage of National Plans and policies with Development plan of 2-4
14 Upazila Project
2.3 Collection of Relevant Documents 2-5
2.4 Collection of Maps, Basic Statistics and Information 2-5
2.5 Preparation of Base Map using GIS and Mouza Map 2-5
2.5.1 Collection of Mouza Maps 2-7

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Preparation of Development Plan for Fourteen Upazilas. Package-5 (Ramu and RanguniaUpazila)

2.5.2 Scanning of Mouza Maps 2-7

2.5.3 Digitization of Mouza Maps 2-7
2.5.3.1 Specifications for Digitization of Mouza Maps 2-7
2.5.4 Edit Plot Checking of Digitized Coverage 2-8
2.5.5 Selection of Ground Control Point (GCP) for Geo-referencing of 2-8
Mouza Map
2.5.6 GCP Survey for Mouza Maps 2-8
2.5.7 Geo-referencing of Mouza Map 2-8
2.5.8 Edge Matching of Mouza Maps 2-9
2.5.9 Demarcating the Project Area/Boundary 2-9
2.5.10 Preparation of Project Area Map 2-9
2.6 Preparation of Base Map using Satellite Image and Photogrammetric 2-11
Method
2.6.1 Collection of Satellite Image 2-13
2.6.2 Image Processing 2-13
2.6.3 GCP Collection for Satellite Image 2-13
2.6.4 Aerial Triangulation 2-13
2.6.5 Digital Mapping from Stereo Model 2-13
2.6.6 DTM/DEM/TIN/Contour Generation 2-14
2.6.7 Mosaicking of Ortho-photo 2-14
2.7 Creating Final Base Maps of the Project Area 2-14
2.8 Field Survey Using GPS Based Advanced Survey Technique 2-15
2.8.1 Ground Control Point (GCP) Survey 2-15
2.8.1.1 Selection of Reference BM 2-15
2.8.1.2 GCP Survey for Establishment of Permanent Ground 2-15
Control Point (PGCP)
2.8.1.3 GCP Survey for Establishment of Temporary Ground 2-15
Control Point (TGCP)
2.8.2 Methodology for Establishment of Permanent GCP / BM Pillars 2-15
2.8.2.1 Site Selection 2-16
2.8.2.2 Construction and Installation of BM pillars 2-16
2.8.2.3 Field Observation 2-16
2.8.2.3.1 Use of Differential Global Positioning System 2-16
(DGPS)
2.8.2.3.2Baseline Survey by RTK-GPS 2-17
2.8.2.4 Data Processing and Establishment of Coordinate of BM 2-17
Pillars
2.8.3 Methodology for Establishing Temporary GCP 2-18

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Inception Report
Preparation of Development Plan for Fourteen Upazilas. Package-5 (Ramu and RanguniaUpazila)

2.8.4 Physical Feature Survey 2-18

2.8.5 Topographic Survey 2-19
2.8.6 Land Use Survey 2-19
2.8.7 Field Verification of Physical Survey and Updating of Maps 2-19
2.9 Data Base Preparation 2-20
2.9.1 Development of GIS Database 2-20
2.9.2 Development of Textual Database in SPSS 2-21
2.9.3 Preparation of Map Layout and Legend 2-22
2.10 Survey Data Processing (GPS and Total Station Data) 2-22
2.11 Preparation of Map Layout and Legend 2-22
2.12 Physical Feature Survey 2-23
2.12.1 Method 2-23
2.12.2 Deliverables 2-24
2.13 Topographic Survey 2-24
2.13.1 Method 2-24
2.13.2 Deliverables 2-25
2.14 Existing Physical Infrastructure Survey 2-25
2.14.1 Method 2-25
2.14.2 Deliverables 2-31
2.15 Land Use Survey 2-31
2.15.1 Method 2-31
2.15.2 Deliverables 2-32
2.16 Household Based Socio-economic Survey 2-32
2.16.1 Method 2-32
2.16.2 Deliverables 2-32
2.17 Housing, Slums and Squatters Settlement Study 2-33
2.17.1 Method 2-33
2.17.2 Deliverables 2-33
2.18 Investment and Employment Study 2-33
2.18.1 Method 2-33
2.18.2 Deliverables 2-34
2.19 Urban and Rural Economy Study 2-35
2.19.1 Method 2-35
2.19.2 Deliverables 2-35
2.20 Agricultural Study 2-35
2.20.1 Method 2-35
2.20.2 Deliverables 2-36
2.21 Transport Sector Study 2-36

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Package 05-(Ramu Upazila, District-Cox’s Bazar and Rangunia Upazila, District-Chittagong)

A brief description of some important aspects of the above methodology has been given in the
following subsections.

2.8.2.1 Site Selection

The location of BM pillars will be selected by a comprehensive reconnaissance survey of the
project area, as per suggestion of Upazila and respective Union Parishad, and their suitability for
GPS Survey. As per TOR, the pillars will cover the entire project area including approximately 5
km. grid in rural area. A good GPS site should be free from obstructions and interference.
Through field reconnaissance, obstructions or interference will be identified and avoided by
alternate site selection. Obstructions are obstacles, which block the line of sight between a
satellite and a receiver, thereby preventing signal reception. To avoid satellite blockage, a site will
be selected as obstruction-free in all directions above 15° elevation.

2.8.2.2 Construction and Installation of BM Pillars

The BM pillars will be constructed and installed before starting the survey work. At least 47 BM
Pillars (estimated) will be established in the two project area with respect to PWD/SOB datum. As
per TOR, is the pillar will be constructed with the specification of: Pillar 10”X10”, Base 3’X 3’,
height 5’. RCC pillars will be constructed marking unique identification number Coordinate X, Y of
these pillars along with Z value is to be marked on base map for future reference. One pillar will
be constructed within 5 sq.km. in urban areas and one for 20 sq.km in rural areas. Local
concerned authority will be consulted to set the location of the pillars.

2.8.2.3 Field observations

The primary control should have higher horizontal accuracy and therefore two nearest controls of
National Geodetic Control Network (Established by SOB) will be used as reference of the
proposed GCPs network. Higher accuracies are generally achieved by observation for a longer
duration and with more baselines measured. It is proposed that the time length of control
observations would be more than 1 hour on each baseline control network. The base line
(distance between reference station and rover station) would not exceed 20 Km. Tasks of survey
persons for GPS observations is as follows:

Table-2.5: Tasks of survey persons for GPS observations

• Schedule observations as per plan
Survey Expert • Check for satellite problems, geomagnetic storms
• Verify correct station is being occupied
• Level and orient GPS antenna over marker measure antenna height
• Initialize receiver
GPS Observers • Monitor receiver operation and data recording
(Surveyors) • Complete station log sheet
• Submit data and log sheets to processor at end of day

Field observations for Permanent Ground Control Point (GCP) will be conducted using Differential
Global Positioning System (DGPS) based survey technique. As per TOR, accuracy level of
permanent GCP will be maintained within 10 cm.

2.8.2.3.1 Use of Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS)

As per the Terms of Reference the consultant will conduct the Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
survey. For the Permanent GCP survey the Consultant proposes to use a technique called
Differential GPS survey. Here a control GPS receiver is placed at a geodetic control (Reference

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Package 05-(Ramu Upazila, District-Cox’s Bazar and Rangunia Upazila, District-Chittagong)

BM) whose position is known. The receiver collects positioning information and calculates a
position fix, which is then compared to the known coordinates, while another receiver is placed on
target point (constructed BM Pillar) whose coordinates are unknown. This receiver collects
positioning information from the same satellites as the control receiver. Then the signal files from
both the receivers are down loaded to a personal computer for post-process the signals using
post processing software. From post-processing of the received signals, coordinates for the
unknown points are established. These coordinates will then be used to geo-ruler the survey
sheets.

To obtain precise position from a GPS receiver, we use techniques called “Differential GPS”. This
involves at least two GPS receivers. One is stationary, at a known point or bench mark; we call
this the “Base or Reference” receiver/unit and the other Rover receiver/unit. The base unit ties all
the satellite measurements into a solid local reference i.e. known point or bench mark. The Base
receiver measures and records the timing errors and then transmit correction information to the
other receivers those are roving around. The roving GPS receivers, possibly moving at an
unknown point, calculates precise position by using the signals it receives from the satellites, and
the correction information receives via radio from the Base. The correction information could be
transmitted through online radio communication system or could be incorporated by off-line data
processing software. Differential GPS usually gives within one meter accuracy.

2.8.2.3.2 Baseline Survey by RTK-GPS

The Baseline survey is the simultaneous data collection in static mode at two or more fixed points
using two or more duel frequency GPS receivers. The measurement network for RTK-GPS
baseline survey will be planned by connecting the BM points to be established and the selected
reference BM points (known Latitude, longitude and ellipsoidal height), available inside and
around the project area. A line connecting two measurement points is known as baseline. It is
important to emphasis that the configuration of network was based on practical considerations
rather than requirements of an ideal network.
GPS measurement consists of a simultaneous static measurement with dual frequency GPS
receivers at the ends of a baseline concerned. Measurement or logging time for a session is
usually one hour. During the measurements the GPS receivers at two points record the
information or data (Latitude, Longitude, Ellipsoidal Height) on the configuration of available
satellite at the time, which at the end of day’s work will be processed using Trimble Geometric
Office software. If results from the field measurements found unacceptable, measurements will be
repeated.

The verified results of each baseline will be stored for the subsequent network adjustment. After
completing the baseline survey, network adjustment will be done with respect to the known values
(Latitude, Longitude, and Ellipsoidal Height) of selected reference BMs available inside and
around the project area. The adjustment module of Trimble Geomatic Office software will be used
for network adjustment. After network adjustment the precise co-ordinates (Latitude, Longitude,
and Ellipsoidal Height) of each BM will be obtained.

2.8.2.4 Data Processing and Establishment of Coordinate of BM Pillars

A Geoid is a representation of the earth surface over which the earth’s gravity is constant. If the
value of earth gravity on the geoid is the value of the gravity on the average sea level, then the
geoid represent the mean sea level of the corresponding area.

With the output co-ordinates of the BMs in latitude, longitude and ellipsoidal height from the
network adjustment result, a network of geoid points will be established for the project area.

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However, to be a precise geoid model the ellipsoidal heights need to be converted to the
corresponding geoidal heights. Furthermore, in order to develop the Geoid Model of the project
area in terms of a functional datum i.e. mPWD, it is required to determine the heights or levels of
the BMs in mPWD datum.
Scientists measured the earth’s gravity in a grid of several kilometers all over the world and then
made a mathematical model, which is known as “World Geoid Model”.

To establish a relationship between the ellipsoidal height (h) & geoidal height (N) of an area, the
relationship between the world geoid model and local land topographic (undulation)
characteristics of that area is required. The following procedure will be applied for that purpose:

Using the network adjustment data of baseline survey as input the “World Geoid Model” the geoid
separation or geoidal height (N) for each of the surveyed points i.e. BM will be obtained. Then the
orthometric height (H) will be calculated by using the above equation. The combination of “World
Geoid Model” and the surveyed data will make a new model known as “Local Geoid model”.

Secondly it is needed to make a relationship between the orthometric height (H) and the local
datum (PWD). To do so, few numbers of BMs those covers the boundary conditions of Local
Geoid Model are needed to be surveyed with respect to PWD datum from one or more reference
BM available in the project area. Then an input data file for the “local geoid model” which consists
of Latitude, Longitude, Ellipsoidal height, and m PWD height will be prepared. Incorporating this
input file to the Local Geoid Model a relationship data file will be established between the
orthometric height (H) and local datum (PWD). This data file is known as “local model input data
file”.

Finally, if the Latitude, Longitude, and Ellipsoidal height of a particular point (whose local datum
i.e. PWD datum is unknown) is used as input to this “Local Geoid Model” in association with the
local model input data file, then the mPWD height of that unknown point will be calculated by the
model.

2.8.3 Methodology for Establishing Temporary GCP

The temporary GCPs will be established with a combination of GPS and Total Station surveys
where suitable. DGPS receivers in RTK mode will be used for quick observation. However, in
many cases, Total station will be used for establishing TGCPs by referencing (connecting) to the
already established primary GCPs with geodetic coordinates.
The results and final outputs of the above survey will be a list of horizontal geodetic coordinates
(x,y) in GWS84 and their projected values in BTM with Everest Bangladesh spheroid. All the
TGCPs will be assigned with unique IDs and the same to be clearly identified and marked on the
working mouza map sheets.

2.8.4 Physical Feature Survey

The physical feature survey will be carried out covering the entire Project Area.Before deployment
of the survey team base map for conducting field level surveys shall be prepared using both
features extracted by photogrammetric method and Mouza maps of the project area. Base map
shall be compiled with majorroad network of the project area, important infrastructures,
permanent prominent physical features etc. superimposed on Mouza maps having all Mouza
features. The physical features which are hidden by tree canopy or dense vegetation will be
surveyed Total Stations (TS) survey technique. Location of all existing structures and installations
along with types in respect of use, construction and storied will be surveyed. Names of structures,
type of construction, uses and storey etc. will also be recorded during physical feature survey.

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Package 05-(Ramu Upazila, District-Cox’s Bazar and Rangunia Upazila, District-Chittagong)

Survey will also cover location of all existing exposed light/electric, telephone posts and towers,
water, sewerage line roads etc. Data will be recorded with separate ID or code number for each
feature (a Line, Point and Polygon). Later on the survey data will be transferred directly to the GIS
database where the feature will be kept in separate layer wise with specified code or ID. Physical
feature survey information will be presented on the Mouza maps.

2.8.5 Topographic Survey

Stereoscopic Satellite Image (3D Image) will be used to extract the topographic features. The
Land levels or Spot levels have been derived as DTM points with an interval of 10m grid from the
stereo model. To carry out the survey for alignment and crest levels (not exceeding 50m) of
roads, embankments, dykes and other drainage divides, alignment of rivers, lake, canal drainage
channels, irrigation canals etc. with flow direction and water body demarcated in the study area, a
combined methodology will be followed using Satellite Image (with Stereoscopic Data), DGPS
and Total Station. Photogrammetric technique will be applied in the less vegetated and cloud-free
area in the satellite images. On the other hand, the areas that are under covered with thick
vegetation are not possible to survey using photogrammetric method. Those areas will be
surveyed using DGPS/RTK-GPS and Total Stations. The BMs established by the RTK-GPS will
be used in the Total Station Survey as reference (Station and Back Point). The TS survey will
cover the survey of the point, line and closed boundary features as well as general spot levels on
the land. Spot/Land level survey has included spot value as Northing, Easting and Elevation.
These points will be incorporated into DTM points.

2.8.6 Land use survey

The Land use survey will be carried out by recording the current use of the land in the study area.
The current use of land will be classified according to provision given in the TOR. Land use
survey basically records the use of land by its functional activity such as residential, industrial or
commercial in built up areas. The maps prepared through physical survey will be used as base
map for land use survey. Land use features will be identified and classified using the recorded
code and separated in different layers during data processing stage, from where the category
wise land use map will be drawn using the identification of each land uses features. The
methodology and technique will be followed bellows:
 Checking every plot of land and building and its current use.
 Checking infrastructure provisions
- Social infrastructure e.g. school, hospital, etc. with location
- Physical infrastructure e.g. housing, offices, energy, work, sanitation etc.
- Transportation with width of roads with and without drainage links with other areas
etc.
 Recording of natural physical conditions of the land like: rivers, drainage, canals etc.
 Review of topography of the area from the Topographic Maps
Perfection in land use determination and area demarcation will be attained through intensive field
verification.

2.8.7 Field Verification of Physical Survey and Updating of Maps

After preparation of physical survey maps, one set of colored maps (topographic and physical
infrastructure, physical feature and landuse) will be plotted in appropriate scales for field level
verification. The field level checking has been supervised and monitored by the joint team of UDD
and the consultants. Based on field verification, the necessary updating of physical survey maps
will be done and final map layout will be produced for submission to UDD.

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2.9 Data Base Preparation

The consultant will prepare digital databases for using the data collected through field survey and
other secondary sources. These data can be used by the project staffs and counterpart staff of
PMO for use in planning, development as well as research purposes.

Two types of database will be developed these are GIS Database and Textual Database. The
GIS database will contain spatial layers such as structures, roads, waterbodies, etc. with their
attributes and the textual database will contain textual data such as socio-economic survey data,
traffic survey data, etc.

2.9.1 Development GIS Database

The Consultant will develop a GIS database for systematically organizing, storing and easy
retrieving the information and data of the project area.GIS Database is the key component of a
GIS and has two general types: Spatial and Attribute data.

Spatial Data
Spatial data is optimized to store and query data that represents objects defined in a geometric
space. Most spatial databases allow representing simple geometric objects such as points, lines
and polygons.

Points will be used to represent the locations of the features that are too small to be represented
as areas. For example telephone pole, electricity pole, post box, Radio/TV/Telecommunication
towers etc. A point data is geographic location of that point and details of that point feature is i.e
Latitude and Longitude, or a co-ordinate reference with details entity of that point.

Line will be used to represent features that are linear in nature such as roads, railway lines,
embankments, different utility services line etc. They can also be used to represent linear features
that do not exist in reality, such as administrative boundaries or international borders. A line is
simply an ordered set of points. It is a string of (x, y) co-ordinates joined together in order and
usually connected with straight lines.

Polygon or Area will be used to represent geographical closed zones such as building structures,
vacant land, water body, administrative areas etc. Polygon/Areas are represented by a closed set
of lines.

The spatial dimension of data can be regarded as the values, character strings or symbols that
convey to the user information about the location of the feature being observed. As GIS have no
‘local knowledge’ about spatial data used in GIS, therefore GIS needs a mathematical spatial
reference. It means spatial data is depends on:
purpose of use
scale
spatial entities
generalization
projection system
spatial referencing system
topology

Sources of spatial data for development of GIS database of Preparation of Development Plan for
Ramu and Rangunia Upazila may be outlined below:

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Mouza maps from DLRS

Stereo Satellite image based features
GPS and Total Station based field survey.
Maps and Data collected from different secondary sources.

In this project all spatial data will be structured and stored in GIS database using layer based
approach, the most common method of structuring spatial data in GIS. Every layer will be
thematic and that will reflect either a particular use or a characteristic of the landscape.
There are some most common spatial layers to be used in the project are given below:
Building structures
Road networks
River
Utility services
Institutes
Land Use category
Physical infrastructures etc.

Digital Data/ Information

Attribute Data
Attribute is the non-spatial data associated with spatial data i.e. point, line and polygon/area
entities. Each spatial entity may have more than one attribute. For example, a pointer presenting
the hotel may have a number of other attributes: the number of rooms; the standard
accommodation; the name and address of the owner. Attributes give additional information about
the character of the entities. Some GIS are good at handling attribute data; and others have very
limited database capabilities but all the GIS software offers the linkage facilities from different
platform of database management.
The most commonly used software for attribute data management is:
dBase
Microsoft Access
Microsoft Excel
Oracle
Structured Query Language (SQL)
Fox-pro
The followings measures will be taken as part of GIS Database development:
 All different layers of spatial data would be referenced to the GCPs under the geodetic
coordinate system projected into BTM.
 Spatial data will be stored in different layers systematically as per GIS database
specifications developed by the consultant. Name and type of the layer and structure of
the Attribute Table of the Shapefile or Feature classes are clearly defined in those
specifications.
 All attribute and textual data which have spatial relationship will be assigned with a
common ID be stored either in mdb/dbf or ArcGIS Table formats.

2.9.2 Development of Textual Database in SPSS

The textual database will be developed in SPSS to store and analyze the following data:
 Socio-economic survey data of both urban and rural areas
 Survey data of both urban and rural economy
 Social infrastructure data of both urban and rural areas
 Traffic survey data

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 Formal and Informal Industrial Survey data of both urban and rural areas
 Recreational Open Space survey data
 Health Facilities survey data
 Educational Facilities survey
 Agricultural Land Demarcation Survey data
 Archaeological survey data
 Pollution survey data

2.9.3 Preparation of Map Layout and Legend

A standard map layout will be developed by consultation with concern project officials. ArcGIS
10.2 will be used to develop the standard layout for mapping. Legend will be created after
symbolizing features of each layer from the available symbols in ArcGIS. Necessary approval on
draft map layout will be taken from PMO on the Title, Legend and Size of different maps.
Proposed shape description and layers are enclosed in Table- 2.6. If required, later on this layer
will be updated and finalized as per suggestion from Project Management Office.

Table-2.6: Proposed Shape Files Description and Legend

Proposed Coverage Name Feature Type Type
Land Use Polygon Shape
Boundaries Line/Polygon Shape
Roads/Railways Line/Polygon Shape
Road Island/Divider Line/Polygon Shape
Embankments and Drainage Divides Line/Polygon Shape
River, Khal and Natural Drainage Line/Polygon Shape
Channels
Artificial Drainage System Line/Polygon Shape
Pond, Water Bodies, Swamp Areas Line/Polygon Shape
Hydraulic Structures Point Shape
Towers Point Shape
Utilities Services Point/Line Shape
Structures Polygon Shape
Natural Features Polygon/Line Shape
Other Features Line Shape

2.10 Survey Data Processing (GPS and Total Station Data)

GPS and TS data can be stored in WGS84 format (latitude, longitude, ellipsoidal height in meter)
or in any projection such as the BTM (Northing, Easting, ellipsoidal height in meter). In order to
minimize the error the data will be stored in BTM projection system (as specified in the ToR) in an
available file format such as .gen, .shp, .dxf, or .fat. However, conversion of data will be done in
the *.gen format. i.e in Workstation format.

2.11 Preparation of Map Layout and Legend

A standard map layout will be developed by consultation with concern project officials. Leading
GIS software for map production ArcGIS 10.2 will be used to develop the standard layout for
mapping. Layer files for map features will be selected from the available symbols in ArcGIS 10.2
and all the soft data will be supplied as Shape files. Proposed shape description and layers
(compatible to use in ArcGIS) are enclosed in Table- 2.7. If required, later on this layer will be
updated and finalized as per suggestion from Project Management Office.

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Table-2.7: Proposed Shape Files Description and Legend (Compatible to use in ArcGIS
desktop info version).
Proposed Coverage Name Feature Type Type
Land Use Polygon Shape
Boundaries Line/Polygon Shape
Roads/Railways Line/Polygon Shape
Road Island/Divider Line/Polygon Shape
Embankments and Drainage Divides Line/Polygon Shape
River, Khal and Natural Drainage Line/Polygon Shape
Channels
Artificial Drainage System Line/Polygon Shape
Pond, Water Bodies, Swamp Areas Line/Polygon Shape
Hydraulic Structures Point Shape
Towers Point Shape
Utilities Services Point/Line Shape
Structures Polygon Shape
Natural Features Polygon/Line Shape
Other Features Line Shape

More detail of technical specification of GIS data is attached in Appendix-2.

2.12 Physical Feature Survey

2.12.1 Method
The methodology for physical feature survey has been prepared on the basis of the targeted
objectives in the TOR.

a. Mobilization of Survey Team

A reconnaissance survey of the project area will be carried out immediately after the signing of
the contract agreement. A data collection team will be then engaged to collect the map, data and
other related information of the project. A survey work plan will be submitted to the client and the
Upazila in due course.

b. Field Reconnaissance
The consultant will conduct a reconnaissance visit to the Ramu and Rangunia project area to get
first hand information on the site data, on site location, access, communication, land condition,
requirement of personnel, and equipment etc. will be collected for detailed site analysis. The field
reconnaissance will be done with an overall visit to the entire project area, discussions with PMO/
Upazial Parishad for collecting of existing data. The detailed tasks may be further specified in the
following:
 Interaction with the Project officials of PMO, UDD.
 Collection of existing data and project maps.
 Collection of existing Bench Mark (BM) information in and around the project area.
 Planning the proposed BM/Control points network and selection of tentative Locations for
those BM/Control Points.
 Detail planning of the survey activities.
 Arrangement of field office.
 Arrangement for communication and field transport.
 Calibration of equipments.

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c. Selection of Temporary Ground Control Points (TCP)

Temporary ground control points are established to locate the total station equipment that need to
be shifted for the purpose of picking up physical features. They are not permanent BMs but
require to be identified during total station survey. However, these can be converted into
permanent bench marks if found advantageous.

Physical infrastructure survey will include:

 All existing structures position and dimension (3-D-X, Y, Z value).
 Cross section, long section, type, width, length and name of road, road level above
datum, flooding, land slopes, borrow pit.
 Identification of any bridge or culvert on the road and their length, width and span of the
bridge, condition of abutments, condition of the dyke, wing walls abutment.
 Type, size, depth, inlet and outlet location of drain along with flow direction width and
depth of the canal, place of encroachment.
 Type of sewer system, size, type and location of sewerage line, location of bins,
identification of any other sewerage collection system.
 Identification of the water supply system, location of deep tubes well, overhead water tank
and its capacity, catchment area of overhead tank.
 Identification, location and capacity of electric substation, telephone exchange, Titas gas
subs station etc. Treatment plant and waste disposal facilities.
 Identification, location and capacity of electricity, telephone, gas, and waste disposal and
treatment system.

2.12.2 Deliverables
Physical feature survey will be done on the enlarged mouza map at a scale of RF 1: 3960.
Physical features map will be updated based on the data/information collected during physical
verification in the proposed project area. Updating will be done on the computer through
digitization. This updated physical feature map will be used for further activities of the project.

2.13 Topographic Survey

2.13.1 Method
Topographic survey refers to measuring the surface of the earth, in particular the study area, with
standard known coordinates (0-0 origin for x and y coordinates) for Northing and Easting, and
vertical (Z) coordinate, where Mean Sea Level in m PWD is considered as 0 m PWD. In order to
perform topographic survey the study area was divided into specified grids as per ToR and grid
intersection points were established for x, y and z coordinates. The Topographic database are
obtained from geo-referenced 3-D (four band) image and further cross-checked and ground
truthing by using RTK-GPS and Total Station to obtain and verify 3-D data (X,Y,Z value) on
location and alignment of all data obtained from physical feature survey including roads, flood
embankments and other drainage divides. Topographic survey covers the following features:

 Topographic survey by using RTK-GPS and Total Station to obtain 3-D data (X,Y, Z
value)-location and alignment of all roads, flood embankments and other drainage
networks. Location and alignment of all drainage and irrigation channels/canals showing
depth and direction of flow. Closed boundary/outline of homestead, water bodies,
swamps, forests etc. junctions, spot heights or land levels at roughly 10 m intervals for
urban area and 20 m intervals for rural areas.
 All collected raw data submitted to PD before processing.
 Generating contours at 0.5 meter intervals with denser intervals for undulations.

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 Alignment and crest levels (not exceeding 50meter) of roads, embankments, dykes and
other drainage networks.
 Alignment of rivers, lake, canal and drainage channels etc.
 Outline of bazaars, water body, swamps etc.

2.13.2 Deliverables
The delivered topographic map will include roads, flood embankments and other drainage
networks and location and alignment of all drainage and irrigation channels/canals showing depth
and direction of flow. Closed boundary/outline of homestead, water bodies, swamps, forests etc.
junctions, spot heights or land levels at roughly 10 m intervals for the whole project area and
close interval as and when required such as dyke, embankment, roads, rail-roads, river bank, rail
line etc.

2.14 Existing Physical Infrastructure Survey

2.14.1 Method
A physical infrastructure survey will be conducted to ascertain the existing physical features of the
study area. According to the guideline in the TOR the consultant will conduct the surveys on the
following features described in Table-2.8 and features will be transferred to the enlarged CS/RS
base maps.

Table 2.8: Physical Infrastructure Survey

Type Name
Water Bodies River Edge, Khal Edge, Drainage Channels, River/khal centerline, Flow
direction, ponds/Tanks/Dishes, Coastline
Buildings/Structures House, Industry, Commercial, Mixed, Boundary Wall
Roads Road (Pucca, HBB, Katcha), Path (Pucca, Katcha), Traffic Island/
Divider, Road/Path Centreline
Railways Railway Row Line, Centerline, Junction Points
Other Structures Bridge / Culverts, Embankments, Pump Station for Flood, Sluice Gates,
and Flood works Bus/Trucks Terminals, Harbor/ Bathing/boat Jetty
Natural Features Forest, Group of trees, Group of Trees Point, Wetlands / Bog/
Marshland/ Flood prone area, Sand/Sand Dunes, Significant Single Tree
Utility Services High voltage Electric Line, Telephone Line, Gas Line, Utility Substation,
Overhead Water Tank, Waste disposal and treatment points, Water
work, Deep Tube well Stations
Area Polygons Residential Area, Commercial Area, Institutional, Educational, Health
Govt office, Industrial (as classified by acts and rules), Agricultural Area,
Recreation / sports, Religious / cemetery, Graveyard. Cemetery, Historic
Place, Borrow Pits, Vacant Land, Public gathering, Garden, Disaster
prone areas.

The survey team equipped with GPS, Total Stations and other necessary tools will be at field with
draft plots of the mouza maps. Corrections will be done on the draft plot during field verifications
and will involve adding missing lines and points for attributes of the existing features. During the
field verification the information will be checked as per the format given in Table-2.9 and Table-
2.10.

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Table 2.9: Physical Infrastructure Survey Format

Z Value (Z measurement
Data Type
level)
Sl. Physical Feature Descrip
No Name On Not tion
Poi Polyg On
Line Ground/l Requir
nt on Top
evel ed
1A. Water bodies
1 1. River Edge x x
2 2. Khal Edge x x
Name,
3 3. Drainage Channels x x
width
4. River/khal centre Name,
4 x x
line width
5 5. Flow direction x x
6 6. Ponds/Tanks/Dishes x x
7 7. Coastline x x
Pucca / Semi pucca / stories, Building area>15 sqm
B. Building/Structure
(Depending on map Scale)
Residen
8
1. House x x tial
Building
Industria
9 2. Industry x x l
Building
Commer
10 3. Commercial x x cial
Building
Mixed
11 4. Mixed x x
Use
Wall use
as
12 5. Boundary Wall x x
boundar
y
C. Roads
Asphalt
13 1. Road Pucca x x x
Road
HBB
14 2. Road HBB x x x
Road
Katcha
15 3. Road Katcha x x x
Road
Pucca
16 4. Path Pucca x x x
Path
Katcha
17 5. Path Katcha x x x
Path
6. Traffic Island/
18 x x x
Divider
8. Road/Path Centre Name,
19 x x
line width

D. Railways

20 1. Railway Row Line x x

21 2. Railway centre line x x

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Z Value (Z measurement
Data Type
level)
Sl. Physical Feature Descrip
No Name On Not tion
Poi Polyg On
Line Ground/l Requir
nt on Top
evel ed
3. Railway Junction
22 x x
Points
Length, width, condition of abutments and wing-
E. Other Structure and Flood works
walls
Type,
23 1. Bridge / Culverts x x area,
Name
Name,
24 2. Embankments x x
length
3. Pump Station for
25 x x Name
Flood
26 4. Sluice Gates x x Name
Indicate
5. Bus/Trucks right
27 x x
Terminals way and
areas
Harbor,
Harbor/ Bathing/boat
28 x x Boat
Jetty
jetty
F. Natural Features
Area >
29 1. Forest x x 2500
Sqm
Area <
30 2. Group of trees x x 2500
Sqm
3. Group of Trees
31 x x
Point
4. Wetlands / Bog/ Area >
32 Marshland/ Flood x x 2500
prone area Sqm
Area >
33 5. Sand/Sand Dunes x x 2500
Sqm
Easily
identifie
34 Significant Single Tree x x
d single
tree
E. Utility Services
National
1. High voltage Electric
35 x x /regional
Line
grid
36 2. Telephone Line x x
37 3. Gas Line x x
Electric,
38 4. Utility Substation x x Telepho
ne

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Z Value (Z measurement
Data Type
level)
Sl. Physical Feature Descrip
No Name On Not tion
Poi Polyg On
Line Ground/l Requir
nt on Top
evel ed
exchang
e, Gas
Name,
5. Overhead Water
39 x x Capacit
Tank
y
A
dustbin
of
4. Waste disposal and municip
40 x x
treatment points ality and
other
informal
points
41 3. Water work x x
R.C.C
EPHE
and
other
5. Deep Tube well deep
42 x x
Stations tube
well
stations
and
output
F. Area Polygon
Planned
,
Unplann
ed,
43 Residential Area x x
Density
(High,
Middle,
Low)
Establis
hed
markets
with
ancillary
shop,
44 Commercial Area x x
groups
of shops
includin
g small
worksho
ps
School/c
ollege/m
Institutional,
adrasa,
45 Educational, Health x x
clinics,
Govt. office
hospital,
govt

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Z Value (Z measurement
Data Type
level)
Sl. Physical Feature Descrip
No Name On Not tion
Poi Polyg On
Line Ground/l Requir
nt on Top
evel ed
office

Main
activity,
Industrial (as classified
46 x x type of
by acts and rules)
waste
effluent
All types
of
47 Agricultural Area x x
agricultu
ral uses
Parks/pl
ay/sport
s
ground,
indoor
48 Recreation / sports x x facilities,
zoologic
al
garden.
Stadium
area
Mosque
s,
Temples
,
49 Religious / cemetery x x
Church,
Mazar
and
others
49 Graveyard. Cemetery x x Sites
51 Historic Place x x Sites
Areas
cut for
52 Borrow Pits x x
filling
material
Vacant
land
53 Vacant Land x x with no
apparen
t use
Place of
public
meeting,
open-air
54 Public gathering x x
cultural
perform
ance
and

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Z Value (Z measurement
Data Type
level)
Sl. Physical Feature Descrip
No Name On Not tion
Poi Polyg On
Line Ground/l Requir
nt on Top
evel ed
religious
gatherin
g
Indicatio
n Rea,
55 Garden x x
pineappl
e etc
Flood,
(indicati
ng the
flood
affected
56 Disaster prone areas x x
area in
1998)
Earthqu
ake and
fault line

Table 2.10: Spot Level Survey Format

Sl.
Survey Item Illustrated
No
Map object which may be used if registered with a view
to DEM use
For
DEM Object As
As break delimitation
terrain For Mask Areas
line of
points
unsurveyed
Road
Spot height Coastline Building
Pucca
Elevation Road
Pond Pond
point Katcha
Path Wetland/bog/marsh
Contour line
Pucca land
Path
Break line
Katcha
River
Mask Area
Edge
Unsurveyed
Khal Edge
Area
DEM
Pond
Boundary
Drain
channel

During the field verification the Consultant team will check the following information and include
on the base map:

 Existence and flow direction of river, khals and drainage channels

 Ponds, tanks, ditches and flooding area
 Pucca and semi-pucca structures

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 Road and railway lines, if there is any

 Bus and truck terminal
 Embankment, sluice gates and pump stations
 Bridges, culverts, electric line, gas line, telephone line, deep tubewell etc.
 Boundary of union, ward and thana
 Commercial areas, shops, markets, etc.

2.14.2 Deliverables
All the collected data will be presented with maps, graphs and charts.

2.15 Land Use Survey

2.15.1 Method
The Land use survey will be carried out by recording the current use of the land in the project
area. The current use of land will be classified according to provision given in the TOR. The land
use survey (both attribute and spatial) will indicate the use of each plot of land and each building
in the rural area and rural-urban fringe area. The surveyors will visit each and every site to record
existing usage with specified notation and colors as per direction of the PD. The output of this
survey will be one or more maps (scale: RF 1:3960) showing existing Gross Rural agricultural
land use, residential, commercial, administrative and cultural zones, nature of rural area or rural
urban fringe area (high, lower), water courses and water bodies, roads demarcating the main
zones and plantation/vegetations .The methodology and technique to be followed:

Work details
1. Checking every plot of land and building and its current use.
2. Checking infrastructure provisions
3. Social infrastructure e.g. school, hospital, etc. with location
4. Physical infrastructure e.g. housing, offices, energy, work, sanitation etc.
5. Transportation with width of roads with and without drainage links with other areas
etc.
6. Recording of natural physical conditions of the land like: rivers, drainage, canals etc.
7. Review of topography of the area from the Topographic Maps.
8. Density of population averaging from the no. of existing household, slum/squatters
and mouza-wise areas under the study area. Field sheets would be joined together
and every item of land use would be hatched or colored for different indexes
categorically on the land use map as described in the TOR or as per the suggestions
of the supervisory officials of City Corporation/PD office.
Land use survey data analysis
This will pertain to the study area only and include:
- Existing Land use and analysis
- Mouza-wise distribution of urban and semi-urban functions
- Characteristics of land use changes with existing economic potentials
- Adequacy of land use economically and socially
- Identification of areas of income generating activities
The preparation of list of occupants in the project area will start with reference to the mouza map.
The field data collectors will prepare a list of occupants on the basis of field study. Legal/illegal
status of occupation will be verified from records.

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Land Use Survey Updating

Land use information have to be extracted from physical feature survey as per specification of
TOR after completion of data processing and draft mapping, land use survey have to be updated
through field verification.

Land Ownership Pattern Survey

During land use survey the investigators will also collect data on the land ownership pattern. They
will identify the owners of the land in the project area and assess the area of the land owned by
them based on the mouza maps and the available documents. With a view to collect data on land
ownership systematically, Consultant will design a format and will finalize it in consultation with
the concerned officials of Project Management Office.

2.15.2 Deliverables
Utilizing the physical feature base map, the land use survey maps will be prepared showing the
twelve categories of land use according to the occupancy type indicated in TOR (Appendix-3).
The characteristics of each land use area will fully be described in the survey report. The Land
Use Maps will be prepared on BS maps at specified scale based on the data collected through
land use survey and the information of the base map. Perfection in land use determination will be
attained through intensive field verification. The land use data will be made compatible to
Workstation/ArcGIS 10.2 package. As per specification in the TOR land use information has to be
extracted from physical features survey. After completion of data processing and draft mapping,
land use surveys have to be updated through field verification.

2.16 Household Based Socio-economic Survey

2.16.1 Method
Household sample survey will be done using the approved questionnaire based on specified
format indicated in TOR. Sample size will be minimum 5% of total household (sample size shall
be determined in consultation with PD). Preparation of socio-economic questionnaire, editing,
piloting, finalization and printing of questionnaire will be done by the consulting firm. Collected
data will be processed through SPSS software. Then, a questionnaire survey will be conducted
both in urban and rural areas in consultation with PD, and will check the quality of the field level
surveyed data and enter the surveyed data into computer. The attribute data of surveyed
households will be linked with spatial data collected from physical feature and land use survey
where applicable. An indoor training will be provided to the investigators/surveyors before starting
the field survey for maintaining the data quality. The enumerators will also ensure the quality of
database (data editing, data cleaning) and would perform data analysis, tabulation, present it in
graphs and figures, and preparation of report.

2.16.2 Deliverables
It is expected that from the survey, the following type of data/information (but not limited to this)
will be available for using in the plan preparation and it will be represented by using graphs,
figures.

 Holding information like area of holding, number and types of housing structure;
 Housing size, age, sex composition, educational, occupational status, income,
expenditure, etc;
 Holding information like house structure, service provision such as electricity, gas
supply, water supply connection, etc;
 Holdings tenure ship, nature of land, sanitation information, type of latrine, sewerage,
drainage system, etc.;

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