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    TPG4175 Petrophysics: Course Overview

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    Angela risma
    This document provides an overview of petrophysics and the important subsurface data used to evaluate hydrocarbon reservoirs, including porosity, saturation, permeability, and lithology. It discusses computing the oil initially in place (OIP) from these parameters. Data is obtained from well logs, core analysis, and fluid sampling. Key well log measurements are described for nuclear, acoustic, resistivity, and spontaneous potential logs. Recommended course materials are also listed.

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    TPG4175 Petrophysics: Course Overview

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    Angela risma
    132 views8 pages
    This document provides an overview of petrophysics and the important subsurface data used to evaluate hydrocarbon reservoirs, including porosity, saturation, permeability, and lithology. It discusses computing the oil initially in place (OIP) from these parameters. Data is obtained from well logs, core analysis, and fluid sampling. Key well log measurements are described for nuclear, acoustic, resistivity, and spontaneous potential logs. Recommended course materials are also listed.

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    Petrofisik

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    This document provides an overview of petrophysics and the important subsurface data used to evaluate hydrocarbon reservoirs, including porosity, saturation, permeability, and lithology. It discusses computing the oil initially in place (OIP) from these parameters. Data is obtained from well logs, core analysis, and fluid sampling. Key well log measurements are described for nuclear, acoustic, resistivity, and spontaneous potential logs. Recommended course materials are also listed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    132 views8 pages

    TPG4175 Petrophysics: Course Overview

    Uploaded by

    Angela risma
    This document provides an overview of petrophysics and the important subsurface data used to evaluate hydrocarbon reservoirs, including porosity, saturation, permeability, and lithology. It discusses computing the oil initially in place (OIP) from these parameters. Data is obtained from well logs, core analysis, and fluid sampling. Key well log measurements are described for nuclear, acoustic, resistivity, and spontaneous potential logs. Recommended course materials are also listed.

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    TPG4175

    Petrophysics

    Course overview
    What subsurface data is important?
    Porosity
    • What is the value of Saturation
    hydrocarbons in place? Hydrocarbon type
    (potential value) Hydrocarbon thickness
    Area

    • How easily can the hydrocarbons Permeability


    flow out of the well? Pressure
    (cash flow)

    • How easy is it to drill and produce Lithology


    the reservoir?
    Depth, pressure, temperature
    (cost of drilling, completion...)
    Computing Oil In Place

    Compute total volume of oil in place:

    OIP = Oil In Place


    ϕ = effective porosity
    Sw = water saturation
    h = productive thinkness
    (net pay)
    A = drainage area

    • Notes:
    - Porosity and Water Saturation are often quoted in percentage
    (i.e. 30% porosity)
    - In all calculations, use the fraction (0.30), NOT the percentage!
    - Beware of the units of measurement!
    Sources of subsurface data

    Data needed: Data sources:


    Porosity Cuttings, mud log
    Saturation
    Hydrocarbon type
    Hydrocarbon thickness Coring
    Area
    Well logs
    Permeability
    LWD – Logging While Drilling
    Pressure
    WL – Wireline logging
    Lithology (usually ‘open hole’)
    Depth, pressure, temperature
    Well log measurements

    Nuclear Acoustic (=sonic)


    (Natural) Gamma Ray
    Natural Spectral Gamma Sampling and testing
    Bulk Density (and Pef) Sidewall coring
    Neutron Porosity Fluid pressure testing
    Induced Gamma Spectroscopy Fluid sampling

    Resistivity
    Induction
    Micro Imaging and dipmeter
    Laterolog
    Micro(latero)log Seismic

    Dielectric dispersion Miscellaneous


    Caliper
    Spontaneous Potential Temperature

    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance


    Nuclear measurements

    MAIN
    INTERACTION(S) PRIMARY
    SOURCE DETECTOR(S) RESPONDS TO
    WITH APPLICATION(S)
    FORMATION
    (Natural formation Natural emissions
    GAMMA RAY (GR) GR)
    Gamma rays -
    from K, Th, U
    Vsh, Correlation

    (Natural formation Natural emissions


    SPECTRAL GR GR)
    Gamma rays -
    from K, Th, U
    Vsh, Mineralogy

    Density, Porosity,
    DENSITY Gamma rays Gamma rays Compton scattering Electron density
    Lithology

    NEUTRON Neutrons Neutrons Elastic scattering Hydrogen Index Porosity, Lithology

    INDUCED GR Thermal capture, Elemental


    Neutrons Gamma rays Mineralogy, Lithology
    SPECTROSCOPY Inelastic scattering composition
    Electrical measurements

    PRIMARY PRIMARY
    PRINCIPLE RESPONDS TO
    OUTPUT(S) APPLICATION(S)
    Emits focused currents into
    the formation. Measures
    LATEROLOG TOOLS LLS, LLD  Rt Formation resistivity Water saturation
    voltage drop to compute
    formation resistivity

    Transmitter coils set up an


    electromagnetic field in
    INDUCTION TOOLS the formation. Receiver ILM, ILD  Rt Formation resistivity Water saturation
    coils pick up the resulting
    formation signal

    Emits focused currents into


    MICRORESISTIVITY the formation. Measures Water saturation
    MSFL, MCFL  Rxo Flushed zone resistivity
    TOOLS voltage drop to compute (flushed zone)
    flushed zone resistivity

    Passive measurement of
    SPONTANEOUS
    changes in voltage SP Shale content Vsh, Permeability
    POTENTIAL potential along a borehole
    Course material
    Recommended:
    – Lecture notes/slides
    – Exercises and interpretation projects
    – Petrophysics MSc Course Notes, Dr. Paul Glover, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada (see
    separate reading list)
    – Log Interpretation Charts, Schlumberger
    – Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Technology for the 21st century, Kenyon et al.,
    Oilfield Review, Autumn 1995 (note a separate page/slide with corrections to the article)
    – NMR logging Principles & Applications, Coates et al., (Sections in chapters 2, 3 and 4 as
    covered in lectures)

    (these files are all posted on It’s Learning)

    Additional reading:
    – Innføring i boreholslogging, Helge Langeland, NTNU, 1992 (Norwegian only)
    – Log Interpretation Principles/Applications, Schlumberger
    – Atlas of Log Responses, Baker Hughes (poster)

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