Weather and Climate

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Weather, Climate,

Climate
Classification
By: Immad Alam
Weather
• The condition of the chief elements of atmosphere like temp,
humidity, pressure, clouds and precipitation at any given time
is called weather
Climate
• The average value of weather elements such as temperature
and precipitation over at least a 30 year period is called
climate
Köppen
Climate Classification
Types of Climate
Hot Wet Equatorial
Climate (Af)
Hot Wet Equatorial Climate
(Af)
• Distribution
• Between 5 degree and 10 degree North and South of Equator
• Includes the basin of Amazon River in S America, Basin of
Congo river and Guniea Coast in W Africa, Malaysia, Indonesia
and Singapore
Hot Wet Equatorial Climate
(Af)
Hot Wet Equatorial Climate
(Af)
Temperature
• Uniform Temp all year (Avg 27 degree C)
Precipitation
• Heavy Precipitation (60-100 inches)
• No dry month
• High Humidity
Hot Wet Equatorial Climate
(Af)
Vegetation
• Very Dense
• Evergree trees like Mahagony
• Climbing plants
• Layer arrangement
• Multiple Species of plants
Rain Forest Vegetation
Hot Wet Equatorial Climate
(Af)
Life and Development
• Low Population
• Hunting and shifting cultivation
• Great supply of fish
• Rubber collected in Amazon forests
• Ghana and Ivory Coast produce Cocoa
• Coconuts, sugarcane, coffe, tea, tobbacco,
banana, pineapples etc
Hot Wet Equatorial Climate
(Af)
Factors Affecting Development
• Health- Sun Stroke, yellow fever, malaria
• Bacteria and Insects
• Jungles hinder development-Rivers used as highways
• Rains deteriorate soil
• Difficulties in lumbering-Wood too heavy to float on water
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
• Includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh
• Continental SE Asia (Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos,
Vietnam)
• South China
• Coastal N Australia
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
• Result of Pressure Difference
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
• Climate
3 Distinct Seasons
1. Cool Dry Season (Oct-Feb)-24 degree Celcius
2. Hot Dry Season (March-Mid June)- 30-35 degrees
3. Rainy Season (Mid June-Sept)- 95% Rainfall
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
• Vegetation
• 2000mm rainfall- Tropical forest (forests like equatorial region)
• 1000-2000mm- Not very dense forests
• Less than 1000mm- Grasslands like savannas
• Agriculture
• Farming
• Forests Cleared
• Plains are ploughed
Tropical Monsoon
Climate(Am)
• Crops
Rice
Sugar Cane (2/3rd of the world)
Jute (Bangladesh)
Cotton (India Pakistan)
Banana, Spices
Shifting Cultivation widely practised (maize, potatoes, beans
etc)
• Lumbering
Teak
Mediterranean
Climate (Cs)
Mediterranean Climate (Cs)
• Regions Included: Lying between 30 degree and 45 degree North
and South of Equator
• Also called Western European type of Climate
Mediterranean Climate (Cs)
• Climate
Wet and mild winters 13 degree Celsius Avg
Hot and Dry Summers 21 degree Celsius Avg
Rainfall in winters
Rainfall Annual 250mm-1000mm
• Vegetation
Olive Trees, Cork, Oak,
Evergreen trees and shrubs
Mediterranean Climate (Cs)
• Occupations
• Growing olive trees, vines, gathering cork
• Citrus fruits, peaches, melons, walnuts, almonds, chestnuts
• Wine making, fruit canning, jams,
• Dried fruits, Olive oil,
• Wheat and barley
• Timber from Cedar, Eucalyptus trees

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