Major insect-pest of

fruits of Nepal:
SN INSECT’S NAME MAJOR SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT REMARKS
TEMPERATE FRUITS:
APPLE/PEACH/ PEAR:
1 Wolly aphid - They are fruit sucker - Agroservo oil
Eriosoma lanigerum - Produce honey dew can be used
like substances @ 5ml/lit of
where sooty mold water
develops. - Aphilinus
- In severe mali- a
infestation, the hymenopteron
2 San jose scale affected
- Suck thebranches
sap from parasite
- Use also
healthy
Quadraspidiotus showsucculent
new knots like plant can be used
saplings
perniciosus structureand plant
parts to control
- Cutting the
shows affected
yellowing coloration. branches
- Develop honey dew - Use of Agro-
3 Apple stem borer and sooty
- Bore the stemmoldof in servo oil
- Use of @ 1-2
5
Zeuzera spp turn
apple by larva ml/lit
drops of the
- Release of saw dust kerosene oil in
where it has each hole
affected - Plugging the
hole
- Cutting the
affected
4. Tent caterpillar - Makestent like - Use neem
branches Larva is
webby based
and
pasting
wit
h Bordeaux
mixture
 Malacoxoma indica structure in twig and pesticide damaging
leaves - Collection of stage
- Defoliation of larva
leaves take place - Use the
5. Slug caterpillar - It eats the - contact
Use contact
Caina spp tender leaves poison
voraciously - Collection of
PLUM: larva and
1. Plum aphid causes severe leaf - pupa
spray with
Brachycaudus distortion on the foliage of thiacloprid
helichrysi all types of plum during shortly after
2. April
- toPinkish
late May white - bud burst
use of a
Plum Fruit Moth
caterpillar and pheromone
Grapholita funebrana excrement pellets plum moth
inside ripe fruits trap
3. - The young maggots - Spray the
Break
Plum sawfly
which develop with pest's
Hoplocampa flava tunnel their way into deltamethrin
lifecycle
the developing fruit. at
The only signs at two points.
this stage are the First, in late
tiny holes left by the winter and
maggots. early Spring,
WALLNUT: gently loosen
1. caterpillars can defoliate - and turn
The the
bacterial
Walnut Caterpillar the trees and severely soil around
insecticide,
Datana integerrima affect tree vigor, yield, and the
Bacillus of the
base
nut quality tree
thuringiensis,
is quite
effective as a
control agent
- remove and
SUBTROPICAL FRUITS: destroy
CITRUS: masses of
1. Citrus sting bug Suck the juice from fruits so - larvae when
hanging the
Rhynchocoris juice less fruit is observed, they are
carrion small.
in
humeralis brown ring can be found at citrus
the site of infection orchard attract
the citrus stink
bug
- Trissolcus
priapus-
a parasitoids
on citrus stink
bug can be
used
2. Citrus scale Suck the sap, Show die - Use of Agro-
Aonidiella aurantii back symptoms at servo oil
severity @500
3. Citrus aphid Feed on plant part using - ml/15 plants
Use of lady Major
Troxoptera citricida their sucking mouthparts, bird beetle as cause of
yellowing of leaves, sooty natural citrus
mold develops predators decline in
- Use Nepal
4. Citrus stem borer Releasing the saw dust - systematic
Use of
Stromatium barbatum excreta outside type
kerosene oil
the hole of pesticide
inside the hole
- Plugging the
5. Citrus mealy bug Suck sap, secrete honey - hole lady bird
Use
Planococcus citri dew which inturn develop beetle and
sooty mold wasp as
natural
predators
- Use Agro-
BANANA: servo oil
1. Banana pseudo-stem Tunnel is seen from - @ 5 ml/lit
Use of
resistant
weevil outside and even in small water
variety:
Odoiporus longicollis wind flow the pseudo- Robusta,
stem will fall William Hybrid
- Well aeriation
- Use of
aluminium
phosphide
2. Banana rhizome Grub makes the tunnel - @1 tab/
Crop stem
rotation Larva is
weevil inside the rhizome and - Use Umet the
Cosmopolites sordidus rhizome starts to rot granules damaging
pesticide @ 1- stage
3. Leaf beetle They chew the fruit and - 2
It percan
pit be
Nodostoma the leaves seriously from controlled by
subcostatum August to September clean
cultivation and
MANGO: spraying
1. Mango hopper Suck the sap and secrets - of BHClight@
Use the
Idioscopus honeydew and due to 0.1%@ 1
trap
niveosparsus which sooty mold is trap/ha
develops and in sever - Use
condition wilting of leaves th
takes place e
entomopatho
genic fungi:
Metarhizium
- Use of
systematic
 fungicide
eve
ry evening
2. Mango mealy bug Both nymph and adult time
- Use the
Drosicha mangifera suck the sap from tender greasy band
parts and secrets honey of about 10-15
dew and which inturn cm wide in the
develop sooty mold in tree trunk to
infected part prevent the
migration of
the female into
the soil
- Use systemic
type of
3. Mango fruit fly The maggots consume the pesticide
- Complete Maggots
Bactrocera dorsalis internal tissue from where - Use 250 fiel gm an
decaying takes place from per
d sanitation of
tree d
which fruit drop takes methyl
- Use of adult
4. Mango stem borer placedust is seen just at
Saw parathion
- Use methyl-
kerosene ar
Batocera rufomaculata the mouth of hole made dust-
oil in 2%
eugenol thetrap
hole e
by borer - Jerking the damaging
hole with the stage
help of long
stem
- The larva is
infected
by a kind
of
entomopathog
LITCHI: enic fungi
1. Litchi bug Suck the fluid from the - Use which It is the
Tessaratoma papillosa tender parts and in sever ischloropyri major
condition premature Metarrhizium
vus problem of
fruiting and fruit drop take @anisopliae
2ml/lit of water pest in
place - Protection Nepal in
o litchi
f
hymenopteron
2. Lichi leaf curl mite Attack the young leaves - parasitoids
Spray in
with
Aceria litchi causing hairy blister like nature
sulphur or
gall on the upper side of because the
kerathane
the leaves: the leaves bug is of
0.12@ easily
1-
become thickened, parasitoids
2 ml/lit byof
wrinkled and distorted it
water
 - Spray
monocrotopho
s

GUAVA: @
1. Guava moth Females penetrate guavas 1.25 lit/1250
Argyresthia eugeniella and lay their eggs inside liter water/ha
the plant. In its larval form it
tunnels through the
2. Oriental fruit fly guavas, damaging them.
The maggots feed on the - The affected
Dacus dorsalis pulp of fruit and cause part should
brown rotten patches thus be
making them unfit for sale. destroyed
- Spray with
malathion 0.1
% in
3. Scale insects combination
- Spraying
Pulvinaria psidii with
0.05% endrin
0.02%
diazinon,
GRAPES: parathion or
1. Grape vine flea beetle The adult consumes the Spray malathion
with Grub are not
Sceledonta strigicollis fresh leaves after pruning. parathion 0.025 so serious
% for
2. Ground beetle They suck the fruit juice spray with 0.25 % damaging
Gonocephalum from the grape fruit BHC is
depressum recommended to
3. Leaf roller They feed on green tissue controlofthe
Spray diseases
endrin
Sylepta tunalis in the early stage and eat 0.02%
up a large portion of leaf as /parathion
Major diseases of fruits of Nepal:
they grow 0.025
%/ monocrotophos
SN NAME OF DISEASE SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT
0.04% REMARKS
TEMPERATE FRUIT’S DISEASES:
APPLE/PEACH/PEAR
1.

TROPICAL FRUIT’S DISEASE:

BANANA
 1. Pseudostem rot or The inner leaves rot and Sanitation, good
Heart rot die, and thus interfere with drainage adequate
Fusari the emergence of new spacing is
um leaves. The rot gradually recommended
Gloeospori travels down towards the Timely spraying the
um rhizome and prevents the plants with Bordeaux
Botryodipl
2. Black tip emergencespots with grey
Elongated of
mixture
The is
diseased also
odia
Helminthosporium inflorescence
centres are produced on helpful
fruits in a bunch
(fungal
torulosum the leaf. The spots enlarge must be removed.
disease)disease)
(fungal to form large patches, Preventive
blighting portions of the sprays
leaf blade. It infects the with
3. Anthracnose fruit mostly areas
Dark blotchy at theappeartip,
fungicides
Spraying yield with
Gloeosporium starting
on from
the skin theripening
of the floral
good result. mixture,
Bordeaux
musarum (fungal remnants.
fruit and enlarge rapidly Dithane Z-78 or
disease) Difolaton (0.2%)
4. Black finger gives good
It is the disease of young Use the fungicide control
Dothiorella finger. Small raised : salicylanilide
gregaria pustules on the skin is
(fungal seen. One or more finger
disease) may develop a jet black
decay commencing at the
5. Moko disease tip and extending back
Development of until
the
Pseudomonas the whole fruit
yellowish is affected.of
discoloration
solanacearum the inner leaf lamina close
(bacterial disease) to the petiole

Prepared by: Swastika Chauhan, B.sc.Ag 3rd semester, IAAS- Lamjung Campus, Lamjung Page 6