WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?

 The organization and coordination of the activities of a business in order to achieve

defined objectives.
 Is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a not-for-profit
organization, or government body.
 The act or art of managing. The conducting or supervising of something like a business.
 Management is the science and art of getting people together to accomplish desired goals
and objectives by coordinating and integrating all available resources efficiently and
effectively.
 Management is the combined or interchanged process of planning, decision making,
organizing, leading, motivation and controlling the human resources, financial, physical,
and information resources of an organization to reach its goals in an efficient and
effective manner.
 Management is an inevitable element for directing and unifying the group efforts towards
a common objective. Since the most of the human aims can be well realized only through
collective action, management is universally called for in all such organizations of the
society.

IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT

1.) Meeting the Challenge of Change

Challenge of change has become intense and critical in recent years. The complexities of
modern business can be overcome only through scientific management.

2.) Effective Utilization of the Seven M’s

There are seven M’s in business, such as Men, Materials, Money, Machines, Methods,
Markets and Management. Management stands at the top of all these M’s and determines and
controls all other factors of business.
3.) Directs the Organization

Just as the mind which directs and controls the body to fulfill its desires, management
also directs and controls the organization to achieve the desired goal.

4.) Integrates Various Interests

In the group efforts, there are various interest groups which put pressure over other
groups for maximum share in the final output. Management by balancing these pressures
integrates the various interests.

5.) Provides Stability

It provides stability in the society by changing and modifying the resources to cope up
with the demanding needs of the every changing environment of the society.

6.) Provides Innovation

Management provides new ideas, imaginations and visions to the organization and
necessary life for better and greater performance.

7.) Establishes Team-spirit

Management coordinates the activities of the various departments in an organization and

establishes team-spirit among the personnel.

8.) Tackles Business Problems

Good management serves as a friend, philosopher and guide in tackling business

problems. It provides a tool for the best way of doing a task.

9.) Acts as a Tool of Personality Development

Management is not the direction of things, but the development of men. It makes the
personality of the people. Management strives to improve quality, efficiency and productivity.
 Managers influence all the phases of modern organizations. Sales Managers maintain a
sales force that markets goods. Personnel managers provide organizations with a competent and
productive workforce. Plant managers run manufacturing operations that produce the clothes we
wear, the food we eat, and the automobiles we drive.

Our society could never exist as we know it today nor improve without a steady stream of
managers to guide its organizations. The well known management author Peter Drucker
highlighted this point when he said that Effective Management is probably the main resource of
developed countries and the most needed resource of developing ones.

In short, all societies, whether developed or developing, need a huge lot of good
managers.

ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT (only 1 definition needed, so choose only 1)

 is the application of the practice of management to the practice of engineering.

 is a specialized form of management that is required to successfully lead engineering or

technical personnel and projects. The term can be used to describe either functional
management or project management.

 Engineering management lies at the interface between engineering and business; it

contains elements of both as well as subjects unique to its own area of study. In practice,
it combines the engineer’s technical problem-solving ability with business acumen and
skills. A graduate of the CU Boulder Engineering Management Program is an engineer,
scientist, or technical specialist who is a translator – a leader who can translate technical
solutions into business reality.
  Engineering management is a career that brings together the technological problem-
solving ability of engineering and the organizational, administrative, and planning
abilities of management in order to oversee the operational performance of complex
engineering driven enterprises.

WHO IS A MANAGER? (only 1 definition needed, so choose only 1)

 An individual who is in charge of a certain group of tasks, or a certain subset of a

company. A manager often has a staff of people who report to him or her.
 A person responsible for controlling or administering all or part of a company or similar
organization.
 is a person who manages or is in charge of something. Managers can control departments
in companies, or guide the people who work for them. Managers must often make
decisions about things.
 A manager is an expert in his or her field and is a support system for employees.
Managers work within a business and work together as a team to achieve company goals.
 A manager is a person who is responsible for running part of or the whole of a business
organization.

DIFFERENT TASKS OF A MANAGER

1.) Coaching

One of the most important management tasks is coaching. Managers must be the persons
who will show to their subordinate or team members the right direction where the organization
will need to go. They are simply instructors and trainers.
2.) Planning

Planning is one of the management functions and one of the most important everyday
tasks of the managers.

Managers are persons who plan the future of the company and think about all future
activities that organizational members must accomplish. So, planning becomes one of the most
important management tasks.

3.) Change Agent

A successful change process will require strong change agents, the persons who will
initiate and facilitate the whole process.

You must plan and manage the entire change process if you want to bring desired results.
Managers at the same time must ensure that the company will continue the current level of
success and prepare to implement change that will bring future success.

4.) Forecasting the Future

Forecasting is another managerial task that will provide a picture of how the future will
look like from the business perspective.

This managerial task is very important because if you implement it in the right way, you
will have a clear vision for the future. In such a way you can better prepare yourself for that
future.

5.) Motivating Employees

Employees must be motivated if you want to get the best results from their work. You
can’t find the person who will work for nothing.

All employees have some motivational factors that will lead them to bring better results
in your company. But, these motivational factors are different for each employee.
6.) Organizing

Organizing is also one of the management functions aside from planning and motivating.
Without some level of organization, in your company will exist chaos.

Businesses with more employees will have different ideas, different ways of doing things
and different personal habits.

Organizing is a management task that will make all organizational differentiations to

work as one whole – the company.

7.) Staffing

Staffing is another managerial task. Because the organizational members, or simply

people are one of the most valuable resources for today’s companies, this task becomes crucial
for managers.

Selecting the right staff for the company is the heart of enabling successful company’s
future operations. A better team will mean the existence of a higher business potential energy in
the enterprise.

8.) Controlling

Controlling is also one of the managerial functions like planning, motivating, organizing,
and staffing.

This task is something that will give you the picture for possible mistakes and failures
between what you have planned and actual results from the implementation of your plans.

9.) Negotiating

In the business world, there are two types of negotiations: internal and external
negotiations.

Internal negotiation is in place when managers negotiate with the entities from inside the
businesses, and external negotiation is in place when managers negotiate with external entities
that are outside the company as suppliers, customers, and community.
 The better negotiation skills of managers will increase the overall business potential
energy of the company.

10.) Delegation

The delegation process is a combination of different knowledge and experience that will
bring better accomplishment of the tasks.

11.) Representing

The managers represent companies that they manage. How they look, how they talk, how
they walk, and how they think will build the picture of the company in the eyes of the people
from outside the enterprise.

DIFFERENT ROLES OF A MANAGER

Planning

This step involves mapping out exactly how to achieve a particular goal. Say, for
example, that the organization's goal is to improve company sales. The manager first needs to
decide which steps are necessary to accomplish that goal.

Organizing

After a plan is in place, a manager needs to organize her team and materials according to
her plan. Assigning work and granting authority are two important elements of organizing.

Staffing

After a manager discerns his area's needs, he may decide to beef up his staffing by
recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees. A manager in a large organization
often works with the company's human resources department to accomplish this goal.

Leading

A manager needs to do more than just plan, organize, and staff her team to achieve a
goal. She must also lead. Leading involves motivating, communicating, guiding, and
encouraging. It requires the manager to coach, assist, and problem solve with employees.
Controlling

After the other elements are in place, a manager's job is not finished. He needs to
continuously check results against goals and take any corrective actions necessary to make sure
that his area's plans remain on track.

DIFFERENT SKILLS OF A MANAGER

1.) Good communication

Having good Communication skills is probably the most important skill of all for
managers to have. Unless you can properly communicate with those you supervise, the rest of
the skills really won't matter. In numerous types of management tasks, the most common and
first thing that needs to be done is to communicate your opinions, expectations and needs to
others.

2.) Good Organization

Probably the second most important skill that you can have as a Manager is the ability to
organise. You need to be able to come up with a plan and then schedule, organise and follow it.
This also involves understanding your company's processes and rules as well as among
individuals. You must be able to predict what will happen and at what time.

3.) Team Building

Good Managers know how to keep their teams intact. The well being of team members
does not benefit from having competition within the team. However, competition between teams
can be very stimulating and healthy. If one of the team members speeds ahead and leaves the rest
of the members behind without helping them, the team will most likely fail. A good Manager
will notice these irregularities very easily. He or she will attempt to correct the situation through
having discussions with the team, mostly through listening to members.
4.) Leadership

It isn't enough to just listen to the problems of coworkers. A good Manager needs to solve
these problems and prove that he or she is committed to the goals of the team. It is also the
Manager's responsibility to define goals along with team members and then assign responsibility
to various team members clearly.

5.) Ability to Deal with Changes Effectively

Many Managers are thoroughly familiar with the entire working process. This allows
them to do things in an almost automatic manner. A good Manager is adaptable and flexible.
When faced with obstacles, he or she has the ability to react quickly. Stress doesn't prevent the
Manager from making the right decisions for the team and company.

6.) Domain Knowledge

Good Managers have a thorough understanding of the process he or she is managing,

including the type of tasks that team members are performing and how they are working. This
skill isn't quite as important as the other ones are.

DIFFERENT LEVELS OF A MANAGEMENT

Management Levels: An Overview

Most organizations have three management levels:

 Low-level managers;
 Middle-level managers; and
 Top-level managers.

These managers are classified in a hierarchy of authority, and perform different tasks. In
many organizations, the number of managers in every level resembles a pyramid.
 Below, you’ll find the specifications of each level’s different responsibilities and their likely
job titles.

Top-level managers

The board of directors, president, vice-president, and CEO are all examples of top-level
managers.

These managers are responsible for controlling and overseeing the entire organization. They
develop goals, strategic plans, company policies, and make decisions on the direction of the
business.

In addition, top-level managers play a significant role in the mobilization of outside resources.

Top-level managers are accountable to the shareholders and general public.

Middle-level managers

General Managers, branch managers, and department managers are all examples of
middle-level managers. They are accountable to the top management for their department’s
function.

Middle-level managers devote more time to organizational and directional functions than
top-level managers. Their roles can be emphasized as:

Executing organizational plans in conformance with the company’s policies and the
objectives of the top management;

Defining and discussing information and policies from top management to lower management;
and most importantly

Inspiring and providing guidance to low-level managers towards better performance.

Some of their functions are as follows:

  Designing and implementing effective group and intergroup work and information
systems;
 Defining and monitoring group-level performance indicators;
 Diagnosing and resolving problems within and among work groups;
 Designing and implementing reward systems supporting cooperative behavior.


Low-level managers

Supervisors, section leads, and foremen are examples of low-level management titles.
These managers focus on controlling and directing.

Assigning employees tasks;

Guiding and supervising employees on day-to-day activities;

Ensuring the quality and quantity of production;

Making recommendations and suggestions; and

Up channeling employee problems.

Also referred to as first-level managers, low-level managers are role models for employees.
These managers provide:

 Basic supervision;
 Motivation;
 Career planning;
 Performance feedback; and
 Staff supervision.

Levels of management spread from right at the top of a company down to supervisors of small
teams.

In this article, when I use the word ‘company,’ I am also including ‘organization.’
 Top Managers are in charge of a company’s strategy. In other words, they are the
stewards of an organization’s vision and mission.

Functional Managers are responsible for the effectiveness and efficiency of specific
areas of a company, such as marketing. They are also in charge of personnel and accounts.

Team Managers or Supervisory Managers are in charge of subgroups of a particular

function. They may also be in charge of a group of members from different parts of the
company.

Line Managers are in charge of the output of certain products or services. They hold
authority in a vertical chain of command, or over a particular product line.

KAYO NA MAGSEARCH SA EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT

THOUGHT

-ARCENAL
REFERENCES:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_management

https://www.colorado.edu/emp/about-us/what-engineering-management

http://emgt.ku.edu/

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https://accountlearning.com/management-meaning-role-importance-limitations/

https://iedunote.com/management

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/management.html

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/manager.html

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