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    Multiplexing: Figure 1: Concept of Multiplexing

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    Mohammad Afiq Abidin
    The document discusses multiplexing techniques which allow multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over the same channel. It describes three main types of multiplexing: frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, and code division multiplexing. For each type, it provides details on how the technique works, advantages, and disadvantages.

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    Multiplexing: Figure 1: Concept of Multiplexing

    Uploaded by

    Mohammad Afiq Abidin
    58 views4 pages
    The document discusses multiplexing techniques which allow multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over the same channel. It describes three main types of multiplexing: frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, and code division multiplexing. For each type, it provides details on how the technique works, advantages, and disadvantages.

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    multi plexing

    Original Title

    Multiple Xing

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    The document discusses multiplexing techniques which allow multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over the same channel. It describes three main types of multiplexing: frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, and code division multiplexing. For each type, it provides details on how the technique works, advantages, and disadvantages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    58 views4 pages

    Multiplexing: Figure 1: Concept of Multiplexing

    Uploaded by

    Mohammad Afiq Abidin
    The document discusses multiplexing techniques which allow multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over the same channel. It describes three main types of multiplexing: frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, and code division multiplexing. For each type, it provides details on how the technique works, advantages, and disadvantages.

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    Multiplexing

    The process that allowing two or more signals to share the same medium or channel.
    Multiplexing can also be defined as a technique that allows simultaneous transmission of
    multiple signals across a single data link. Multiplexing techniques can be categorized into the
    three types which is Frequency Division, Time Division and Code Division.

    Multiplexing is used in situations where the transmitting media is having higher bandwidth, but
    the signals have lower bandwidth. Hence there is a possibility of sending number of signals
    simultaneously. In this situation multiplexing can be used.

    Multiplexing can be used:

     To send a large number of signals simultaneously.


     reduce the cost of transmission
     To make effective use of the available bandwidth

    Figure 1: Concept of Multiplexing


    Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

    Most popular and is used extensively in radio and TV transmission. Other than that, it also used
    in AM and FM broadcasting. Here the frequency spectrum is divided into several logical
    channels, giving each user exclusive possession of a particular frequency band.

    In frequency division multiplexing, the available bandwidth of a single physical medium is


    subdivided into several independent frequency channels. Independent message signals are
    translated into different frequency bands using modulation techniques, which are combined by a
    linear summing circuit in the multiplexer, to a composite signal.

    Advantages

     FDM does not require synchronization of transmitters and receivers in order to operating.
     Allows transmission of multiple signals at once
     Demodulation in frequency modulation is relatively easy

    Disadvantages

     Used only when a few low speed channels are desired.


     Suffers problem of cross-talk

    Figure 2: Frequency Division Multiplexing


    Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM)

    All signals operate at with same frequency at different times. It is also called synchronous TDM,
    which is commonly used for multiplexing digitized voice stream. That mean the users take turn
    using the entire channel for a short period of time. TDM can be found used in some telephone
    system and wire line telephone lines.

    Advantages

     TDM systems are more flexible than FDM


     The circuitry is not complex
     Full available channel bandwidth can be utilized for each channel.

    Disadvantages

     Synchronization is required in time division multiplexing.


     Complex to implement.
     Due to slow narrowband fading, all the TDM channels may get wiped out

    Figure 3: Time-Division Multiplexing Operation


    Code Division Multiplexing (CDM)

    CDM is a networking technique in which multiple data signals are combined for simultaneous
    transmission over a common frequency band. CDM is widely used in 2G and 3G wireless
    communications. The technology is used in ultra-high frequency cellular telephone systems.
    When CDM is used to allow multiple users to share a single communications channel, the
    technology is called code division multiple access (CDMA). Each group of users is given a
    shared code and individual conversations are encoded in a digital sequence. Data is available on
    the shared channel, but only those users associated with a particular code can access the data.

    Advantages

     Does not require any synchronization


     It has more number of users can share the same bandwidth.
     It has more number of users can share the same bandwidth.

    Disadvantages

     System is more complicated


     It has more number of users can share the same bandwidth.

     Due to slow narrowband fading, all the TDM channels may get wiped out.
     Complex to implement

    Figure 4: Code Division Multiplexing operation

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