1.

0 Introduction

Honda Motor Co., Ltd. is a Japanese multinational company, known as a manufacturer of

automobiles and motorcycles. It was discovered on September 24, 1948 by Mr. Honda Shoichiro
and Takeo Fujisawa. Honda is literally the root zone of Japan or the original domain. Mr. Soichiro
was a mechanic at Art Shokai, a Japanese tuning shop. Then, in a self-taught engineer, he drafted
the first draft of the piston design and sold it to Toyota, but was rejected. Due to the lack of gasoline
during the Second World War, he was unable to grow in the production of cars. He then set up the
Honda Institute of Technology in Japan, equipped with a small engine with two bicycles. The first
motorcycle was the Honda Cub; the first was the mini T360 pickup truck.

Honda have many types of product like automobile, motorcycles, power product & engines
and robots. For Automobile, Honda also have many types such as Fits, Civic, Accord, Insight, CR-
V, and Odyssey. But we only focus on Honda Civic and Honda Accord.

1.1 Honda Civic

Honda Civic is a car made by Honda. Originally a mini-car, the Civic has undergone
several generations of changes, becoming larger and larger, entering the compact car market. The
US Environmental Protection Agency's Car Scale Guide sets a car with a total area of 110 to 119.9
cubic feet of passenger car and cargo hold. It is considered a midsize car, so the 10th generation
Civic is technically a small car, although it is still competing for a solid course. The Civic Coupé
is still considered a sturdy car. The Civic is now wandering between Honda Fit and the Accord.

Table 1: Honda Civic Car generation

Generation Years Specification

First Generation 1973-1979 The first Honda Civic models were available as two-door
coupes, three-door hatchbacks, five-door hatchbacks and
station wagons – all running on either unleaded or leaded
fuel.
Second Generation 1980-1983 The second generation was supersized with bigger
dimensions and greater performance. Transmission
 choices also expanded to four- and five-speed manual
options and a two-speed semi-automatic.
Third Generation 1984-1987 The debut of the Honda Civic Shuttle and the four-wheel
drive engine gave drivers even more options for a high-
quality ride.
Fourth Generation 1988-1991 This model was the largest yet for more interior comfort,
and the fully-independent rear suspension created a more
comfortable driving experience as well.
Fifth Generation 1992-1995 The Honda Civic wagon became a Japanese-only
exclusive, departing from the U.S. market.
Sixth Generation 1996-2000 Design tweaks enhanced style and aerodynamics, and the
1.6L I-4 engine became the new standard.
Seventh Generation 2001-2005 Newly classified as a “compact car”, this generation
received a MacPherson strut suspension.
Eight Generation 2006-2011 Coupes and sedans received separate platforms, and the
arrival of the Civic Si struck a chord with sporty drivers.
Ninth Generation 2012-2015 Eco Assist was introduced to create more efficient drivers
utilizing cutting-edge technology.
Tenth Generation 2016- The Civic received a stylish makeover, and the state-of-
Present the-art Honda Sensing safety system became standard.

1.2 Honda Accord

The Honda Accord is a series of cars that Honda has produced since 1976. The most famous
is its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since
1989. The Accord's signature has been used in a variety of vehicles around the world, including
loot, trucks, hatchbacks and crossovers.
 Table 2: Honda Accord Car generation

Generation Years Specification

First Generation 1976-1981 Honda’s first Accord was a two-door hatchback. At the
time, the Honda Accord was the brand’s premium model
line above the Civic. It was powered by Honda’s second-
generation 68-hp 1.6-liter CVCC four-cylinder engine.
This made the Accord fuel-efficient, which was a key
selling point during the oil crises of the 1970s.
Second Generation 1982-1985 The second-generation Accord was featured a four-
cylinder engine that had 86 horsepower, by 1984. In 1985,
Honda introduced the sportier Accord SEi with fuel
injection, producing 101 horsepower under the hood.
Third Generation 1986-1989 The third generation Accord grew in size, and with the
redesigned sedan, hatchback, Honda added a slick coupe
model for 1988.Featuring a bolder design with their
bladelike side profiles and sweet pop-up headlights, the
cars drove as sporty as they looked.

Fourth Generation 1990-1993 The fourth-generation Honda Accord showcased a low

beltine, clean flanks, and an airy, well-proportioned
roofline. The pop-up headlights were switched out to
fixed units. A 125-hp 2.2-liter SOHC four-cylinder engine
was standard. A 130-hp engine was available on the EX
trim, with the choice of a five-speed manual or four-speed
automatic transmission.
Fifth Generation 1994-1997 In this generation, Honda managed to create two
milestones. The first was VTEC for the 2.2-liter four-
cylinder engine, and later the V-6 that joined the lineup
for the first time. The family once again consisted of the
sedan, coupe, and wagon.
 Sixth Generation 1998-2002 The Accord wagon died with the fifth-generation, leaving
behind the coupe and sedan body styles that continue
today. A larger more powerful 135-hp 2.3-liter four-
cylinder engine replaced the old 2.2-liter as the base
engine. A 200-hp 3.0-liter V-6 took over for the previous-
generation’s optional 2.7-liter V-6.
Seventh Generation 2003-2007 In the seventh-generation Accord, Honda once again
upped the outputs of the sedan’s four and six cylinder
engines. Base models featured 160 horsepower from a
2.4-liter four, while the optional V-6 brought 240
horsepower to the party. Also for the first time, Honda
paired the V-6 with a six-speed manual transmission in the
coupe.
Eight Generation 2008-2012 Another growth spurt pushed the Accord into the EPA’s
large-care size category. A coupe and sedan were both
available, featuring aggressive styling, as well as an
available 268 horsepower V-6 that could be linked to a
six-speed manual.
Ninth Generation 2013-2017 A heavy refresh of the eighth-generation model and a new
Sport model of the sedan are the highlights of the ninth-
generation Honda Accord. The Accord Hybrid also made
a return in this generation.
Tenth Generation 2018- Featuring the LX, Sport, EX, EX-L, and Touring trim
Present levels.
2.0 The technology trend

2.1 Honda First Technology

To deliver Kando time and space to customer, Honda has developed many world first
technologies. The first four wheel steering was develop for dynamic safety that enhanced cornering
performance as well as reducing turning radius The figure 1(a) showed it was equipped to Honda
Prelude model in 1987. In 1991, this mechanical system was replaced by electronically-controlled
system with yaw-rate feedback using motor-driven actuator. Then in 2012 they upgraded the
system and it was equipped to 2014 model year Acura RLX as Precision All-Wheel Steer [Figure
1(b)].

Figure 1:Rear Wheel steer system

The technology which distributes traction to left and right wheels to enhance turning
performance is widely installed to many European high-performance cars today as the name of
torque vectoring technology. In 2005, it was equipped to Honda LEGEND for rear wheels as the
name of Super Handling All- Wheel Drive.

Moreover, the torque distribution technology for rear wheels was replaced by electric
controlled system using independent left and right motors to control traction and braking force was
equipped to 2014 model year Acura RLX as SPORT HYBRID SHAWD. Honda’s chassis
engineers have always struggled to provide Kando experience of “the Joy of Driving“ to customers
through enhancing vehicle dynamics performance. Honda believes that the power of pursuing the
dreams has generated many world first technologies.

2.2 Honda Accord and Honda Civic

Honda is known for their top sedan model. Honda Accord and Civic offer exceptional fuel
efficiency, reliable service, and of course great Honda comfort. Those who are in the market for a
top quality sedan will find that both of these cars make an excellent choice. Figure 2 show the
specification of both model

Table 3: Honda Civic and Accord specification

Honda Civic Item Honda Accord

30 city/39 highway* MPG 27 city/36 highway*
143 Horsepower Horsepower 185
CVT automatic STD Transmission 6-speed manual
12.5 cubic feet Interior Space 15.8 cubic feet

As can be seen by the horsepower ratings, the Accord features a larger 2.4 liter inline four
cylinder engine. The Civic comes standard with a smaller 1.8 liter inline four cylinder. When you
combine the smaller engine with a lower horsepower rating, the Accord definitely offers better
overall acceleration and performance. Both of these cars are front wheel drive for maximum
traction in all driving conditions. The base model Civic comes equipped standard with a Honda
CVT (constantly variable transmission) automatic that offer silky smooth shifting and helps to
provide maximum fuel efficiency.

2.3 Honda Accord Technology

Honda Sensing, the automaker’s suite of safety technology, comes standard in the Accord.
It includes collision mitigation braking, road departure mitigation, forward collision warning, lane
departure warning, lane keep assist, adaptive cruise control, traffic sign recognition, and auto high-
beams Other available features include a head-up display, blind spot monitoring and cross traffic
monitor, Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, a 2.5 amp USB fast charger, wireless phone charger, and
more. These are all things the Civic isn’t available with, except for Apple CarPlay and Android
Auto.

2.4 Honda Civic Technology

Honda Sensing, the automaker’s suite of safety technology, also comes standard in the
Civic. It includes collision mitigation braking, road departure mitigation, forward collision
warning, lane departure warning, lane keep assist, adaptive cruise control, and auto high-
beams. Something the Civic is available with that the Accord isn’t is the Lane Watch blind spot
camera, which is a bit of a gimmick anyway. Traditional blind spot monitoring is much more
effective. Honda Civic technology features are about more than just staying connected behind the
wheel; they help make the vehicle safer. A standard multi-angle rearview camera system, advanced
body design, and a suite of airbags help make the Civic one of the safest cars.

2.5 Honda Future Technology

Honda aim to provide the joy and freedom of mobility and a Sustainable Society where
people can enjoy life. Thus Honda focus on the safety, comfort, and freedom of mobility by
reducing traffic accident and traffic jams, relieving driving burden, and supporting elderly people
with. Autonomous driving will become an important factor in the future. Honda will not just strive
for the automation of driving, but also address issues on automobile society by using this
technology poor access of public transport service with an appealing method that is more superior
to other transportation systems. With a coaching technology to motivate drivers to enhance their
driving skills and an advanced driving supporting technology that cars make judgment in
accordance with drivers’ preferences and technical skills through the evolution of elements that
compose these technologies
2.6 Honda R&D Innovations

The R&D serves as a catalyst to discover new technologies and proactively seeks to partner
with startups globally. The program helps startups with innovative ideas through access to a
collaborative workspace, test vehicles and support from Honda mentors. Focus areas of
development for the program include energy, human machine interface (HMI), personal mobility,
automated driving, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, advanced materials and industrial
innovation as part of aims to revolutionize mobility and energy management. Honda Innovations
serves as the open innovation hub for Honda globally and leverages several tools to share
information and promote interdepartmental collaboration. One such tool is an internal newsletter
shared with Honda engineers and researchers around the world. Honda will continue to proactively
promote open innovation and pursue development in new value areas at the global level.
3.0 Relevance Tree
3.1 Honda History Timeline : Example Accord

Figure 2: Honda Timeline: Accord

3.2 Toyota History Timeline: Example Camry
Table 4 : Toyota Timeline : Camry
MODEL MODEL PICTURES ENGINE SPEC PERFORMANCE
YEARS
2 gasoline engines Top Speed112 mph OR
 1.8 5MT (90 HP) 180 km/h
 2.0 5MT (107 HP) Acceleration 0-62 Mph
(0-100 kph)11.5 s
1983 – 1987 2 diesel engines
MODEL V10  1.8 TD 5MT (73 Top Speed105.6 mph OR
HP) 170 km/h
 2.0 TD 5MT (84 Acceleration 0-62 Mph
HP) (0-100 kph)13.7 s

FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
39.2 mpg US OR 6
L/100Km
4 gasoline engines Top Speed130.5 mph OR
 1.8 5MT (90 HP) 210 km/h
 2.0 5MT (128 HP) Acceleration 0-62 Mph
 2.0 5MT AWD (0-100 kph)9 s
1987 – 1991 (128 HP)
MODEL V20  2.5 5MT (160 HP) FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
1 diesel engine 24.2 mpg US OR 9.7
L/100Km
 2.0 TD 5MT (84
HP) 1.8 5MT (90
Top Speed105.6 mph OR
HP)
170 km/h
Acceleration 0-62 Mph
(0-100 kph)14.4 s

FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
City34.6 mpg US OR 6.8
L/100Km
Highway50 mpg US OR
4.7 L/100Km
Combined38.6 mpg US
OR 6.1 L/100Km
3 gasoline engines Top Speed121 mph OR
 2.2 4AT (136 HP) 195 km/h
 2.2 5MT (136 HP) Acceleration 0-62 Mph
1991 – 1996
 3.0 V6 4AT (188 (0-100 kph)11.8 s
MODEL V30 HP)
FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
26.7 mpg US OR 8.8
L/100Km
 3 gasoline engines Top Speed121 mph OR
1997 – 2001  2.2 4AT (131 HP) 195 km/h
 2.2 5MT (131 HP) Acceleration 0-62 Mph
MODEL V40
 3.0 4AT (190 HP) (0-100 kph)11.7 s

FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
City17.4 mpg US OR
13.5
L/100KmHighway31.8
mpg US OR 7.4
L/100KmCombined24.5
mpg US OR 9.6
L/100Km
3 gasoline engines Top Speed139.8 mph OR
 2.4 VVT-i 4AT 225 km/h
(152 HP) Acceleration 0-62 Mph
2001 – 2003
 2.4 VVT-i 5MT (0-100 kph)9.1 s
MODEL V50 (152 HP)
 3.0 V6 4AT (186
HP) FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
City15 mpg US OR 15.7
L/100Km
Highway28.3 mpg US
OR 8.3 L/100Km
Combined21.4 mpg US
OR 11 L/100Km
2 gasoline engines FUEL ECONOMY
 2.4 5AT (157 HP) SPECS
 3.3 V6 5AT (225 City21 mpg US OR 11.2
2003-2009 L/100Km
HP)
MODEL Highway30.2 mpg US
SOLARA OR 7.8 L/100Km
Combined24 mpg US OR
9.8 L/100Km
 2 gasoline engines FUEL ECONOMY
2007 – 2011  2.4 VVTi 5MT SPECS
(158 HP) City21 mpg US OR 11.2
CAMRY
 3.5 V6 6AT (268 L/100Km
JAPAN HP) Highway31 mpg US OR
7.6 L/100Km
Combined26.4 mpg US
OR 8.9 L/100Km
2 gasoline engines Top Speed137 mph OR
 2.5 6AT (178 HP) 220 km/h
 3.5 6AT (268 HP) Acceleration 0-62 Mph
2011 – 2014 (0-100 kph)7.2 s
7TH GENT
FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
City21 mpg US OR 11.2
L/100Km
Highway31 mpg US OR
7.6 L/100Km
Combined25 mpg US OR
9.4 L/100Km
2 gasoline engines FUEL ECONOMY
2014 – 2017  2.5 6AT (178 HP) SPECS
 3.5 V6 6AT (268 City21 mpg US OR 11.2
8TH GENT L/100Km
HP)
Highway31 mpg US OR
1 hybrid engine 7.6 L/100Km
 2.5 ECVT (200 Combined25 mpg US OR
HP) 9.4 L/100Km

FUEL ECONOMY
SPECS
City43 mpg US OR 5.5
L/100Km
Highway39 mpg US OR
6 L/100Km
Combined41 mpg US OR
5.7 L/100Km
4.0 S-Curve

Figure 3 : Global Sale of Automobiles by Honda Group from 2002 to 2019.

Source : https://www.statista.com/statistics/267276/worldwide-automobile-sales-of-honda/

The s-curve in Figure 3 portrays Honda's automobile sales from the fiscal year of 2002 to the fiscal
year of 2019. Globally, Japan's Honda Group sold about 5.3 million automobiles in its 2019 fiscal
year, which is 124 thousand more than the previous year.

The upward trend of the s-curve clearly shows that the car sales of the group is still in the
growth stage. This is due to the fact Honda always improves its products through innovation as
we see in the technology roadmap of its Accord and Civic model.
5.0 Technology Roadmap
5.1 Honda Accord technology roadmap
Table 5: Honda Accord technology roadmap
Generation 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
Year 1976 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2002 2007 2012 2019 Vision
Class compact mid -size

2.0L i- 1.5L
VTEC, 2.0L i-VTEC, Turbo -Turbo
1.6L,
Engines

2.2L i- 2.2L i-CTDi, 2.0L engines

1.6 L & 1.8L 1.8L & 1.8L, 2.0L & 2.2 L
CTDi, 2.4L i-VTEC Turbo which is
2.0L
& 2.4L i- 3.5L i-VTEC 2.0L i- more
VTEC VTEC powerful but
Power Train

fuel
economy,
2-speed 3- speed -6-8 speed
Transmission

auto hondamatic 4-speed auto

5-speed manual transmission
3-speed 4-speed auto 4-speed auto 6-speed manual
5-speed auto -mid size
auto auto 5-speed 5-speed manual 6-speed auto
6-speed auto -wheel base
5-speed 5-speed auto
manual manual 110-112

Wheelbase 94 in 96 in 102 in 107 in 105 110 111

5.2 Honda Civic Technology Roadmap
Table 6: Honda Civic technology roadmap

Generation 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
Vision
Year 1972 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 2000 2005 2012 2015
1.3L, 1.4L,
1.5 L , 1.3L, 1.5 L , 1.5 L. 1.8L( VTEC), -Turbo
1.2cc, 1.8L( VTEC),
Engines

1.6 L 1.6 L (SOHC) 1.6 L 2.0L(VTEC), engines

1.2cc & 1.5cc 1.3cc, 1.5cc 2.0L(VTEC),
(SOHC) 1.6 L (DOHC) (VTEC) 1.5L Turbo which is
& 1.6cc 2.2L (VTEC)
1.6 L 1.6 L (VTEC) 1.7L 2.0L Turbo more
(DOHC) 2.0L
Power Train

powerful
4/5-speed but fuel
manual 4/5- economy,
4-
4/5 speed 3-speed speed
Transmission

speed CVT -5-6 speed

manual Hondamatic manual 5-speed manual 5-speed auto
manual automatic auto
3-speed auto 4- 4-speed auto 5-speed manual
5- 6-speed transmissio
Hondamatic 4-speed speed 6-speed manual -wheel
speed manual
auto Hondamatic auto base 2500-
manual
auto 2800
-2-3
variants
2595,
Wheelbase 2634, 2649 only in
2200 2250, 2320 2388, 2488 2500 2576, 2621 2620, 2700
(mm) & 2700 engines
2670
6.0 Environmental factors (sustainability pillars) - Honda

In the preservation of the global environment, Honda will make every effort to contribute to human
health and the preservation of the global environment in each phase of its corporate activity. Only
in this way will Honda would able to count on a successful future not only for their company, but
for the world under the following principles:

1. Honda will make efforts to recycle materials and conserve resources and energy at every
stage of our products’ life cycle—from research, design, production and sales, to services
and disposal.

2. Honda will make every effort to minimize and find appropriate methods to dispose of waste
and contaminants that are produced through the use of our products, and in every stage of
the life cycle of these products.

3. As both a member of the company and of society, each associate will focus on the
importance of making efforts to preserve human health and the global environment, and
will do his or her part to ensure that the company as a whole act responsibly.

4. Honda will consider the influence that their corporate activities have on the regional
environment and society, and endeavor to improve the social standing of the company.

Honda is determined to turn this vision into reality by actively implementing environmental
initiatives on a global level. Particular emphasis will be placed on the following aspects:

• Minimize the use of fossil fuel and resources newly recovered from the Earth

• Minimize the environmental impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions

Honda aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from its mobility products and in people’s
everyday lives. Honda has been developing technologies and implementing measures to help
overcome environmental challenges since the 1960s. In 1992, the company issued the Honda
Environmental Statement to clearly define its approach to environmental issues, which is central
to everything we do.
6.1 Three Initiatives to Achieve Environmental Performance Targets

Honda has been developing technologies and implementing measures to help overcome
environmental challenges since the 1960s. In 1992, the company issued the Honda Environmental
Statement to clearly define its approach to environmental issues, which is central to everything we
do. Three Initiatives to Achieve Environmental Performance Targets Emissions from “use of
products” account for approximately 80% of CO2 emissions from Honda’s entire product life cycle.
In light of this, Honda works to reduce CO2 emissions during usage in all of its products, and
manufactures and sells items that can be supplied with confidence as environmentally friendly
products. In addition, Honda is pushing ahead with the following three initiatives to realize its
2020 Product CO2 Emissions Reduction Targets with a view to halving total CO2 emissions by
2050 compared with 2000 levels while expanding production and sales globally.

1. Reducing CO2 emissions through efficiency improvements of internal combustion engines

2. Reducing CO2 emissions by introducing environmentally innovative technologies and

diversifying energy sources

3. Eliminating CO2 emissions through the use of renewable energy and total energy
management by implementing these in phases, Honda is steadily reducing CO2 emissions
with the aim of ultimately eliminating them.

By setting unique product guidelines at an advanced level for these three initiatives and making
Honda products compliant with them, Honda is aiming to achieve this goal. The guidelines are
articulated in the Honda Environmental Performance Standard (HEPS) formulated in 2011. As a
result of certification of products that were launched in FY2018, 27 motorcycle models, 8
automobile models and 3 power product models – a total of 38 models – were HEPS-certified.
Cumulatively, this brings the number of HEPS-compliant products to 171 motorcycle models, 97
automobile models and 54 power product models, or 322 models in total.
 Figure 4: Honda Environmental Performance Standard (HEPS) framework

 Highly Efficient Products

Evolution of environmental technologies Life-cycle CO2 emissions Evolution of energy

technologies Products that emit less CO2 emissions because of improved internal combustion
engine efficiency. This category includes products that incorporate technologies for improving
fuel combustion and transmission efficiency and reducing friction between engine parts.
Compliance is determined based on how well a product reduces or helps reduce CO2 emissions
during use compared with preceding models.

 Innovative Products

Products that emit less CO2 because they use an environmentally innovative technology r an
alternative energy source. This category includes motorcycles that incorporate Honda’s patented
Idling Stop System, automobiles that incorporate hybrid technologies or direct injection engine
technologies, and power products with electronic fuel injection (FI). Alternative energy
technologies include motorcycles and automobiles that can run on ethanol and power products that
can run on gaseous fuels. Compliance is determined based on how well a product reduces or helps
reduce CO2 emissions during use compared with preceding models.

 Revolutionary Products

Products that reduce or eliminate CO2 emissions by harnessing renewable energies or facilitating
total energy management. This category includes products that incorporate electromotive
technologies or technologies for using renewable energy.
6.2 Goal to Reduce CO2 Emissions Intensity in Products by 2020

Figure 5: CO2 emission from various sources

Honda believes in the necessity of reducing CO2 emitted from products in response to climate
change and energy issues, which it views as key environmental challenges. Therefore, to ultimately
realize zero CO2 emissions in product usage, Honda has formulated and is promoting initiatives
under a goal to reduce CO2 emissions intensity of motorcycles, automobiles and power products
by 30% from 2000 levels by 2020.

The scope of the above compilation includes Japan, North America, South America, Europe, Asia
& Oceania and China, and it covers more than 90% of units sold by Honda worldwide for each of
motorcycles, automobiles and power products.

6.3 Biodiversity Conservation

Recognizing that its business activities can have an impact on biodiversity, Honda has long been
putting a great deal of effort into activities that have led to the conservation of biodiversity. The
Company carried out tree-planting and water-recycling initiatives at its plants in the 1960s and
launched the Community Forest program in 1976. In 2011, the Company established the Honda
Biodiversity Guidelines.

Honda believes that minimizing the environmental impact resulting from the products it
manufactures and its business activities represents the greatest contribution the Company can make
to biodiversity conservation. The guidelines specify the priorities, including the development of
environmental technology, initiatives based on corporate activities and initiatives for living in
harmony with local communities, and Honda is actively promoting them.
6.4 Management and Reduction of Chemical Substances

Honda works to ensure the appropriate management and reduction of chemical substances
contained in automotive components from the product design and development stages in order to
reduce those materials that impact the environment. Laws and regulations have been brought in to
ensure the appropriate management of chemical substances and the reduction of harmful
substances contained in automotive components in each country based on a goal set by the United
Nations in 2002 of minimizing the impact of chemical substances on people and the environment
by 2020. The International Material Data System (IMDS), a mechanism for collecting information
throughout the supply chain on materials and chemical substances contained in components
making up the vehicle, was developed in response to this trend largely by the German Association
of the Automotive Industry. Honda is also tabulating and managing chemical substances via their
independently developed global management system called the Management System of Chemical
Substances (MoCS), which collects information based on IMDS.
7.0 Conclusion

Technology roadmaps clearly have great potential to support business, product and technology
strategy development and implementation, providing businesses with the information, processes
and tools they need to produce. Roadmaps should explicitly show the time dimension that is
important to ensure effective synchronization of developments in technology, product, service,
business and market. Roadmaps provide a means of charting a path of migration between the
current state of the business (for each layer) and the long-term vision, along with the connections
between the layers. Software, on the other hand, has an important role to play in supporting the
company's application of road mapping. Software alone, however, can not provide good roadmaps
and must be integrated with the human aspects of road mapping.

A key advantage of road mapping is knowledge sharing and a shared vision of where the company
is going. Many of the advantages of road mapping derive from the process of road mapping rather
than from the roadmap itself. The process brings people from various parts of the business together,
providing an opportunity to share information and perspectives. To sum up, the approach to road
mapping has great potential to support business strategy and planning beyond the origins of its
product planning and technology. It should be recognized that it is not a' black box' methodology,
that each application is a learning experience, and that it is a flexible approach that is adapted to
the specific circumstances under consideration.
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