C26x Enm C57a PDF

DS Agile C26x
Technical Manual
System version: 5.0.5
C26x/EN M/C57a
DS Agile C26x Technical Manual
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION C26x/IT EN/C57a
SAFETY AND HANDLING C26x/SA EN/C57
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION C26x/FT EN/C57a
HARDWARE C26x/HW EN/C57a
CONNECTION C26x/CO EN/C57a
COMMUNICATIONS C26x/CT EN/C57a
NETWORK MONITORING C26x/NM EN/C57
INSTALLATION C26x/IN EN/C57a
APPLICATION C26x/AP EN/C57a
SETTINGS C26x/ST EN/C57
HUMAN INTERFACE C26x/HI EN/C57a
COMMISSIONING C26x/CM EN/C57
MAINTENANCE AND FAULT FINDING C26x/MF EN/C57a
RECORD SHEET C26x/RS EN/C57
TECHNICAL DATA C26x/TD EN/C57a
CURRENT TRANSFORMER TECHNICAL DATA C26x/CD EN/C57a
GLOSSARY C26x/LX EN/C57a

Product /Project name – Type of document
WARNING
This guide gives instructions for installation, commissioning and operation of the DS Agile C26x. However,
the guide can not cover all conceivable circumstances or include detailed information on all topics. In the
event of questions or specific problems, do not take any action without proper authorization. Please,
contact the appropriate Alstom technical sales office and request the necessary information.
Refer to the System Release Notes for new features.
Any agreements, commitments, and legal relationships and any obligations on the part of Alstom,
including settlement of warranties, result solely from the applicable purchase contract, which is not
affected by the contents of the guide.
INTRODUCTION
C26X/EN IT/C57A
DS Agile C26x Introduction
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE AND MICOM ALSTOM 3
2 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE MANUALS 4

2.1 Chapter description 4
3 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE APPLICATIONS 6

3.1 DS Agile controllers 6
3.2 Applications and Scope 6
C26x/EN IT/C57a IT-1

Introduction DS Agile C26x
IT-2 C26x/EN IT/C57a

1 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE AND MiCOM ALSTOM

DS Agile and MiCOM Alstom are comprehensive solutions capable of meeting all electricity supply
requirements. It comprises a range of components, systems and services from Alstom.
Central to their concept is flexibility.
DS Agile and MiCOM Alstom provide the ability to define an application solution and, through extensive
communication capabilities, to integrate it with your power supply control system.
The DS Agile and MiCOM Alstom ranges provide:
• A range: Industrial PCs

• C range: Control units
• H range: Ethernet switches
• M range: Measurement products for accurate metering and monitoring
• P range: Protection devices
• S range: Versatile PC support and substation control packages
DS Agile products include extensive facilities for recording information on the state and behaviour of the
power system using disturbance and fault records. They can also provide measurements of the system at
regular intervals to a control centre enabling remote monitoring and control to take place.
The DS Agile range will continue to be expanded. The general features will also be enhanced, as we are
able to adopt new technology solutions.
For up-to-date information on any DS Agile product, visit our website: www.alstom.com/grid.

2 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE MANUALS

The guides provide a functional and technical description of the DS Agile C26x units and a comprehensive
set of instructions for the controller’s use and application.
The DS Agile C26x technical manual includes:
• information on the application of the controller,

• a technical description of its features,
• details on installation and maintenance.
Important notes:
The MiCOM Alstom range of C264 substation and bay computers is being widened to encompass new applications.
On this occasion, the name of the range becomes DS Agile. Because new models will soon be available, the name
C264 is replaced by C26x in the manuals.
Similarly, the C26x setting software will now be called DS Agile S1 instead of MiCOM Alstom S1.
Please note that this is a phased evolution, and where the text in the manual refers to software labels, there may still
some references to the previous names until the software update is completed.
In addition, the C26x units will now be referred to as "controllers" rather than "computers" in order to avoid any
confusion with the PC-type computers used in other DS Agile sub-systems.
2.1 CHAPTER DESCRIPTION

Introduction Chapter (IT)
This is this document containing the description of each chapter of the DS Agile C26x guides. It is a brief
introduction to DS Agile C26x controller's capabilities.
Safety Chapter (SA)
This chapter contains the safety instructions, handling and reception of electronic equipment, packing and
unpacking parts, Copyrights and Trademarks.
Functional Description Chapter (FT)
This chapter contains a description of the product. It describes functions of the C26x.
Hardware Description Chapter (HW)
This chapter contains the hardware product description (product identification, case, electronic boards,
operator interface, etc.).
Connection Chapter (CO)
This chapter contains the external wiring connections to the DS Agile C26x.
Communications Chapter (CT)
This chapter provides the companion standard of all supported protocols toward SCADA (Telecontrol BUS)
and IED on LBUS. This is the list of protocol functions that the C26x uses.
Network Monitoring Chapter (NM)
This chapter contains instructions on how to set the networks for SNMP protocol.

Installation Chapter (IN)

This chapter contains the installation procedures.
Applications Chapter (AP)
This chapter contains instructions on how to configure the features of the DS Agile C26x using SCE,
ISaGRAF ….
Settings Chapter (ST)
This chapter contains the list of the user functions on-line settings with default values and range.
HMI Chapter, Local control and user interface (HI)
This chapter contains the operator interface description, Menu tree organisation and navigation, LEDs
description, Setting/configuration software.
Commissioning Chapter (CM)
This chapter contains instructions on how to download onto the sub-system the databag describing the
configuration.
Maintenance Chapter, Fault finding and repairs (MF)
This chapter helps identify failure modes, fault codes and describes the recommended repair actions.
Record Sheet Chapter (RS)
This chapter contains record sheet to follow the maintenance of the C26x.
Technical Data Chapter (TD)
This chapter contains the technical data including, accuracy limits, recommended operating conditions,
ratings and performance data.
It also describes environment specification, compliance with technical standards.
Current Transformer Technical Data (CD)
This chapter contains information on the current transformers used for protection applications.
Glossary Chapter (LX)
This chapter contains lexical description of acronyms and definitions.

3 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE APPLICATIONS

Alstom philosophy is to provide a range of controllers, gateways and IEDs products. Each of these products
can be used independently, or can be integrated to form a DS Agile system, a Digital Control System (DCS)
or a SCADA system.
3.1 DS AGILE CONTROLLERS

Driven by the requirements around the world for advanced applications in SCADA, Digital Control Systems,
Automation, control and monitoring, Alstom has designed and developed a complete range of controller
products, DS Agile C26x specifically for the power process environment and electric utility industry. It allows
building a customised solution for Control, Monitoring, Measurement and Automation of electrical processes.
The DS Agile C26x range is designed to address the needs of a wide variety of installations, from small to
large and customer applications. Emphasis has been placed on strong compliance to standards, scalability,
modularity and openness architecture. These facilitate use in a range of applications from the most basic to
the most demanding. They also ensure interoperability with existing components and, by providing building
controllers, PLC or IEDs approach, provide a comprehensive upgrade path, which allows DS Agile
capabilities to meet customer requirements.
The key features of this controller family result from it being based on an Ethernet client/server architecture,
its a modular controller that offers a wide variety of applications such as Bay Controller, Remote Terminal
Unit, Sequence of Event Recorder, Data Concentrator and Programmable Logic Controller.
3.2 APPLICATIONS AND SCOPE

The DS Agile C26x modular bay controller, RTU or PLC, is used to control and monitor switch bays. The
information capacity of the DS Agile C26x is designed for controlling operated switchgear units equipped
with electrical check-back signalling located in medium-voltage or high-voltage substations.
External auxiliary devices are largely obviated by the integration of binary inputs and power outputs that are
independent of auxiliary voltages, by the direct connection option for current and voltage transformers, and
by the comprehensive interlocking capability.
This simplifies handling of bay protection and control technology from planning to station commissioning.
During operation, the user-friendly interface makes it easy to set the unit and allows safe operation of the
substation by preventing non-permissible switching operations.
Continuous self-monitoring reduces maintenance costs for protection and control systems.
A built-in liquid crystal display (optional front face with LCD) shows not only switchgear settings but also
measured data and monitoring signals or indications.
The bay is controlled interactively by using the control keys and the display.
Adjustment to the quantity of information required is made via the DS Agile System Configurator Editor (DS
Agile SCE).
The DS Agile C26x can be connected to a higher control level, local control level or lower levels by way of a
built-in communications interface.

Figure 1 : Typical use of a DS Agile C26x – Bay Controller

PSTN or Remote
SCADA Interface
dedicated HMI
DNP3 & IEC 60870-5-101
line
& IEC 60870-5-104
Px30
Px40
NP3,
DBUS,
M720 IE 0-5-103,
I 870-5-101
Px20
Px30
PLC
BC
I/Os
I/Os
C0002ENb
Figure 2 : Typical use of a DS Agile C26x – Standalone RTU application
The figures show some typical cases that can be mixed to face specific constraints. Two examples can
illustrate this case:
• The system application on figure 1 uses several C26x units linked together on the SBUS Ethernet. A
gateway grants access to a SCADA.
• C26x-Standalone RTU application use one C26x linked to IEDs and possibly to a remote SCADA.
Any C26x can be complemented by a Bay Local OI that offers a coloured HMI. Both are interconnected
though internal or external switch.
For details refer to the OI chapters.

At a glance the C26x acquisition and control process is like this, based on a set of boards:

Find details on
• Boards in chapters C26x/EN HW and CO

• Processing in chapter C26x/EN FT
• Configuration in chapter C26x/EN AP


SAFETY & HANDLING
C26X/EN SA/C57
DS Agile C26x Safety & Handling
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 3
2 SAFETY 4
2.1 Health and Safety 4
2.2 Installing, Commissioning and Servicing 4
3 DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL 6
4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY 7
5 HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT 8
6 PACKING AND UNPACKING 9
7 WARRANTY 10
8 COPYRIGHTS & TRADEMARKS 11

8.1 Copyrights 11
8.2 Trademarks 11
9 WARNINGS REGARDING USE OF ALSTOM PRODUCTS 12
C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-1

Safety & Handling DS Agile C26x
SA-2 C26x/EN SA/C57

1 INTRODUCTION
The present document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the safety, handling,
packing and unpacking procedures applicable to the DS Agile C26x.
C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-3

2 SAFETY
Warning:
This Safety Section should be read before commencing any work on the equipment.
2.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY

The information in the Safety Section of the DS Agile System documentation is intended to ensure that
products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain them in a safe condition. It is assumed that
everyone who will be associated with the DS Agile System equipments will be familiar with the contents of
the different DS Agile System Safety Sections and all Safety documents related to the PC and
Communication networks.
2.2 INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING

Equipment connections
Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on this equipment should be
aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety. The product documentation should be
consulted before installing, commissioning or servicing the equipment.
Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may present a hazardous
voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.
If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by all personnel to avoid
electrical shock or energy hazards.
Voltage and current connections should be made using insulated crimp terminations to ensure that
terminal block insulation requirements are maintained for safety. To ensure that wires are correctly
terminated the correct crimp terminal and tool for the wire size should be used.
Before energising the equipment it must be earthed using the protective earth terminal, or the
appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of plug connected equipment.
Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause a safety hazard.
The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5mm², unless otherwise stated in the technical data
section of the product documentation.
When the protective (earth) conductor terminal (PCT) is also used to terminate cable screens, etc., it is
essential that the integrity of the protective (earth) conductor is checked after the addition or removal
of such functional earth connections.
For M4 stud PCTs the integrity of the protective (earth) connection should be ensured by use of a
locknut or similar."
Before energising the equipment, the following should be checked:
Voltage rating and polarity;
CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;
Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)
Note: The term earth used throughout the product documentation is the direct equivalent of the North American term
ground.
SA-4 C26x/EN SA/C57

Equipment operating conditions

The device should be operated within the specified electrical and environmental limits.
Current transformer circuits

Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high level voltage produced may be lethal to
personnel and could damage insulation.
Insulation and dielectric strength testing

Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At the end of each part of
the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, to discharge capacitors, before the test
leads are disconnected.
Insertion of modules and boards

These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whist it is energised since this may
result in damage.
Fibre optic communication

Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed directly. Optical power
meters should be used to determine the operation or signal level of the unit.
C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-5

3 DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL

Decommissioning
The auxiliary supply circuit in the DS Agile C26x units may include capacitors across the supply or to
earth. To avoid electric shock or energy hazards, after completely isolating the supplies to the DS
Agile C26x units (both poles of any dc supply), the capacitors should be safely discharged via the
external terminals prior to decommissioning.
Disposal
It is recommended that incineration and disposal to watercourses be avoided. The product should be
disposed of in a safe manner. Any products containing batteries should have them removed before
disposal, in order to avoid short circuits. Particular regulations within the country of operation may
apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.
SA-6 C26x/EN SA/C57

4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY

The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for this equipment is 16A, High rupture
capacity (HRC) Red Spot type NIT or TIA, or equivalent unless otherwise stated in the technical data section
of the product documentation. The protective fuse should be located as close to the unit as possible.
1 Fuse rating is dependent of auxiliary voltage and circuit loading.
2 Differential protective switch on DC power supply is recommended.
3 Differential protective switch on AC power supply is mandatory (printers, Alstom DS Agile
workstation…).
IEC 60255-27: 2005 This equipment requires a protective (safety)
Protective class: Class I
earth connection to ensure user safety.
IEC 60255-27:
2005 Installation Category III
Installation Category: EN 60255-27:
2006 Distribution level, fixed installation.
Equipment in this category is qualification tested

at 5kV peak, 1.2/50μs, 500Ω. 0.5J, between all
supply circuits and earth and also between
independent circuits.
2005
IEC 60255-27:
Compliance is demonstrated by reference to
Environment: Pollution degree 2
2006 safety standards.
EN 60255-27:
Compliance with the European Commission Low

Product Safety: 73/23/EEC
Voltage Directive.
C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-7

5 HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

A person’s normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of several thousand volts.
Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices when handling circuits can cause serious damage,
which often may not be immediately apparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been reduced.
The electronic circuits of Alstom products are immune to the relevant levels of electrostatic discharge when
housed in their cases. Do not expose them to the risk of damage by withdrawing modules unnecessarily.
Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductor devices. However, if it
becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the following precautions should be taken in order to preserve the
high reliability and long life for which the equipment has been designed and manufactured.
1 Before removing a module, ensure that you are a same electrostatic potential as the equipment by
touching the case.
2 Handle the module by its front-plate, frame, or edges of the printed circuit board. Avoid touching the
electronic components, printed circuit track or connectors.
3 Do not pass the module to any person without first ensuring that you are both at the same electrostatic
potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.
4 Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface, which is at the same potential
as you.
5 Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.
More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can be found in IEC 60147-0F and
BS5783.
If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of any equipment in service, it is
preferable that you are earthen to the case with a conductive wrist strap.
Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k – 10M Ohms. If a wrist strap is not available
you should maintain regular contact with the case to prevent the build up of static. Instrumentation which
may be used for making measurements should be earthen to the case whenever possible.
Alstom strongly recommends that detailed investigations on the electronic circuitry, or modification work,
should be carried out in a Special Handling Area such as described in IEC 60147-0F or BS5783.
SA-8 C26x/EN SA/C57

6 PACKING AND UNPACKING

All DS Agile C26x units are packaged separately in their own cartons and shipped inside outer packaging.
Use special care when opening the cartons and unpacking the unit, and do not use force. In addition, make
sure to remove from the inside carton the supporting documents supplied with each individual unit and the
type identification label.
The design revision level of each module included with the unit in its as-delivered condition can be
determined from the list of components. This list should be carefully saved.
After unpacking the unit, inspect it visually to make sure it is in proper mechanical condition.
If the DS Agile C26x needs to be shipped, both inner and outer packaging must be used. If the original
packaging is no longer available, make sure that packaging conforms to ISO 2248 specifications for a drop
height ≤ 0.8 m.
C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-9

7 WARRANTY
The media on which you receive Alstom’s software are warranted not to fail to execute programming
instructions, due to defects in materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment, as
evidenced by receipts or other documentation. Alstom will, at its option, repair or replace software media that
do not execute programming instructions if Alstom receives notice of such defects during the warranty
period. Alstom does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free.
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the
package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work. Alstom will pay the shipping costs of
returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty.
Alstom believes that the information in this document is accurate. The document has been carefully reviewed
for technical accuracy. In the event that technical or typographical errors exist, Alstom reserves the right to
make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition. The
reader should consult Alstom if errors are suspected. In no event shall Alstom be liable for any damages
arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it.
Except as specified herein, Alstom makes no warranties, express or implied, and specifically disclaims any
warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
Customer's rights to recover damages caused by fault or negligence on the part of Alstom shall be limited to
the amount therefore paid by the customer. Alstom will not be liable for damages resulting from loss of data,
profits, use of products or incidental or consequential damages even if advised of the possibility thereof.
This limitation of the liability of Alstom will apply regardless of the form of action, whether in contract or tort,
including negligence. Any action against Alstom must be brought within one year after the cause of action
accrues. Alstom shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable
control.
The warranty provided herein does not cover damages, defects, malfunctions, or service failures caused by
owner's failure to follow the Alstom installation, operation, or maintenance instructions; owner's modification
of the product; owner's abuse, misuse, or negligent acts; and power failure or surges, fire, flood, accident,
actions of third parties, or other events outside reasonable control.
SA-10 C26x/EN SA/C57

8 COPYRIGHTS & TRADEMARKS
8.1 COPYRIGHTS
Under the copyright laws, this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, storing in an information retrieval system, or translating, in
whole or in part, without the prior written consent of Alstom.
8.2 TRADEMARKS
Alstom, the Alstom logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of Alstom.
The other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies.
C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-11

9 WARNINGS REGARDING USE OF ALSTOM PRODUCTS

Alstom products are not designed with components and testing for a level of reliability suitable for use in or in
connection with surgical implants or as critical components in any life support systems whose failure to
perform can reasonably be expected to cause significant injuries to a human.
In any application, including the above reliability of operation of the software products can be impaired by
adverse factors, including -but not limited- to fluctuations in electrical power supply, computer hardware
malfunctions, computer operating system, software fitness, fitness of compilers and development software
used to develop an application, installation errors, software and hardware compatibility problems,
malfunctions or failures of electronic monitoring or control devices, transient failures of electronic systems
(hardware and/or software), unanticipated uses or misuses, or errors from the user or applications designer
(adverse factors such as these are collectively termed "System failures").
Any application where a system failure would create a risk of harm to property or persons (including the risk
of bodily injuries and death) should not be reliant solely upon one form of electronic system due to the risk of
system failure to avoid damage, injury or death, the user or application designer must take reasonably steps
to protect against system failure, including -but not limited- to back-up or shut-down mechanisms, not
because end-user system is customised and differs from Alstom testing platforms but also a user or
application designer may use Alstom products in combination with other products.
These actions cannot be evaluated or contemplated by Alstom; thus, the user or application designer is
ultimately responsible for verifying and validating the suitability of Alstom products whenever they are
incorporated in a system or application, even without limitation of the appropriate design, process and safety
levels of such system or application.
SA-12 C26x/EN SA/C57

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
C26X/EN FT/C57A
DS Agile C26x Functional Description
Contents
1 SCOPE OF THE DOCUMENT 7

1.1 Software features 7
1.2 C26x Configurations 8
1.2.1 SBUS - C26x without IED 8
1.2.2 SBUS - C26x with IEDs 9
1.2.3 SBUS - C26x with two extension racks and with IEDs 10
1.2.4 SBUS - Two redundant C26xs with IEDs 11
1.2.5 SBUS - Two C26x redundant controllers with two extension racks and with IEDs 12
1.2.6 SCADA – TBUS - C26x-Standalone RTU without IEDs 13
1.2.7 SCADA – TBUS - C26x-Standalone RTU with IEDs 14
1.2.8 SCADA – TBUS - C26x-Standalone RTU with two extension racks and with IEDs 15
1.2.9 SCADA – TBUS - Two C26x-Standalone units, redundant 17
1.3 C26x-Standalone 18
2 DS AGILE C26X MANAGEMENT 19

2.1 Operating mode management 19
2.1.1 Definitions 19
2.1.2 Initialization mode 19
2.1.3 Operational mode 20
2.1.4 Maintenance mode 21
2.1.5 Test mode = DSPIO Maintenance Mode 21
2.1.6 Faulty mode 24
2.1.7 Halt mode 24
2.1.8 Summary of modes, tests, transitions, and faults 24
2.1.9 Redundancy Mode management 25
2.2 Database management 29
2.2.1 General 29
2.2.2 How to download a database through the Ethernet 31
2.2.3 How to switch the databases 32
2.2.4 How to perform a check of the database 33
2.2.5 How to modify the database 33
2.2.6 How to modify a parameter setting in the current DB 33
2.2.7 How to read out a parameter setting 34
2.3 Self-tests 34
2.4 Time management 34
2.4.1 External clock 36
2.4.2 Clock synchronisation message from a SCADA gateway 37
2.4.3 SNTP Client and Servers 37
2.4.4 Time set by an operator 37
2.4.5 Local clock update 38
2.4.6 Management of loss of external time reference 39
2.4.7 Update method 39
2.4.8 Limits and performance 39
3 COMMUNICATIONS 40
3.1 Telecontrol Bus - TBUS 41
3.2 Legacy Bus - LBUS 42
C26x/EN FT/C57a FT-1

Functional Description DS Agile C26x
3.3 Station Bus - SBUS 42

3.3.1 Exchanges 43
3.3.2 Supported Common Data Classes 43
3.3.3 Controls 44
3.4 Inter-rack Ethernet communication 45
3.4.1 Internal Ethernet architecture 45
3.4.2 External network behaviour 46
3.4.3 Ethernet failure 47
3.4.4 Other Ethernet loss 48
3.4.5 Ethernet Routing table 48
3.5 Ethernet port management on CPU270 ("cpu3") 49
4 DIRECT PROCESS ACCESS 50

4.1 Input Check 50
4.2 Output check 50
4.3 Time tagging 50
4.4 Digital input acquisition (DI) 50
4.4.1 Acquisition 50
4.4.2 Debouncing and filtering 51
4.4.3 Toggling 51
4.5 Counters acquisition (CT) 52
4.5.1 Single counter (SCT) 52
4.5.2 Double counter (DCT) 52
4.6 Digital measurement (DM) 53
4.6.1 Acquisition without Read Inhibit signal 53
4.6.2 Acquisition with Read Inhibit signal 55
4.6.3 Encoding 55
4.7 Analogue input acquisition (AI) 56
4.7.1 Input ranges 56
4.7.2 Acquisition cycle 56
4.7.3 Self-checks 56
4.7.4 Time tagging 56
4.8 Digital outputs (DO) 57
4.9 Digital Setpoints 57
4.9.1 Encoding 57
4.9.2 Read Inhibit 58
4.9.3 Open / Close Select Order 58
4.10 Analog Setpoints 59
4.10.1 Output ranges 59
4.10.2 Output management 59
4.10.3 AOU Watchdog management 60
5 DATA PROCESSING 61
5.1 Binary Input Processing 61
5.1.1 Binary Input Definition 61
5.1.2 Processing of Single Point Status 62
5.1.3 Processing of Double Point Status 65
5.1.4 Processing of Multiple Point Status 68
5.1.5 Counting 70
FT-2 C26x/EN FT/C57a

5.1.6 System Inputs (SI) 72

5.1.7 IED inputs 72
5.1.8 Group processing 72
5.1.9 SBMC Mode Processing 73
5.1.10 BI sent to automatism features 73
5.2 Measurement Input Processing 74
5.2.1 Measurement Input Processing - Focus 74
5.2.2 Focus 1: Analogue measurement processing up to threshold detection 75
5.2.3 Focus 2: Digital Measurement Processing up to Threshold Detection 77
5.2.4 Focus 3: TMU2XX - CT/VT measurement processing up to Threshold Detection 78
5.2.5 Focus 4: TMU2XX - CT / VT Calculations - General 80
5.2.6 TMU200 and TMU220: CT / VT Calculations – Inputs: Configuration 82
5.2.7 TMU200 and TMU220: CT / VT Calculations - Inputs: Samples 83
5.2.8 TMU200 and TMU220: CT / VT Calculations – Outputs: Set of measurements 84
5.2.9 TMU200 and TMU220: Measurements - General 85
5.2.10 TMU200 and TMU220: List of Measurements 85
5.2.11 TMU200 and TMU220: Algorithms 87
5.2.12 TMU210: CT / VT Calculations - Inputs: Configuration 90
5.2.13 TMU210: CT / VT Calculations - Inputs: Samples 90
5.2.14 TMU210: CT / VT Calculations – Outputs: Set of measurements 92
5.2.15 TMU210: Measurements - General 92
5.2.16 TMU210: List of Measurements 93
5.2.17 TMU210: Algorithms 94
5.2.18 Focus 4: All Measurement Values: Threshold Detection through Transmission 102
5.2.19 Manual suppression 103
5.2.20 Substitution 103
5.2.21 Forcing an invalid measurement 103
5.2.22 Measurement resulting states 104
5.2.23 Transmission 104
5.3 Tap Position Indication (TPI) measurement processing 105
5.3.1 Acquisition from Digital Inputs 105
5.3.2 Acquisition from Analogue Inputs 105
5.3.3 Manual suppression 106
5.3.4 Substitution 106
5.3.5 Forcing an invalid TPI 106
5.3.6 TPI resulting states 106
5.3.7 Scaling 106
5.3.8 Transmission 107
5.4 Accumulator Input Processing 107
5.5 Energy counting 107
5.6 Basic Data Manipulation 108
5.6.1 Test Mode enhancements 108
5.6.2 Device order running 109
5.6.3 Current execution status SPS for Open/Close control commands 109
5.6.4 open/close command state SPS datapoints for C26x output contacts 109
5.6.5 Controls management from PSL 110
5.6.6 Caveat: PSL and Redundant Operation 110
6 CONTROL SEQUENCES 112

6.1 Description 112

6.1.1 General 112

6.1.2 Control sequence phase management 113
6.1.3 Direct Execute mode 116
6.1.4 SBO once mode 117
6.1.5 SBO many mode 120
6.1.6 Generic selection checks 122
6.1.7 Selection behaviour 126
6.1.8 Generic execution checks 127
6.1.9 Execution behaviour 128
6.1.10 Controls time sequencing 129
6.1.11 How an xPS starts a control sequence 132
6.2 Control of non synchronized breakers 133
6.2.1 Non synchronized circuit-breaker features 133
6.2.2 Control sequence of non-synchronised circuit-breakers 133
6.3 Control of synchronised breakers 134
6.3.1 Synchronised circuit-breaker features 134
6.3.2 Circuit-breakers with external synchrocheck 135
6.3.3 Circuit-breakers with internal synchrocheck 141
6.3.4 Circuit-breakers with internal synchrocheck for 2 busbars 146
6.3.5 Circuit-breakers with internal multiplexed synchrocheck (breaker-and-a-half topology) 150
6.4 Control of disconnectors 154
6.4.1 Disconnectors features 154
6.4.2 Control sequence of disconnectors 154
6.5 Control of transformers 154
6.5.1 Transformer features 154
6.5.2 Control sequence of transformers 154
6.6 Control of ancillary devices 159
6.7 Control of Intelligent Electrical Devices (IED) 159
6.7.1 Control to IEDs by xPC 159
6.7.2 Control to IEDs by Digital setting point (SPC) 160
6.8 System controls 160
6.9 Kinds of control sequences 160
6.10 Control sequences checks 160
6.10.1 Mode Management 161
6.10.2 IED connected 161
6.10.3 Control mode 161
6.10.4 Uniqueness of control 161
6.10.5 Inter-control delay 161
6.10.6 Status of the device 162
6.10.7 Lock device 162
6.10.8 Running Automation 162
6.10.9 Interlocking 162
6.11 HV Control Sequences 162
6.11.1 Circuit-breaker 162
6.11.2 Disconnector 162
6.11.3 Transformer 162
7 AUTOMATIONS 163
7.1 Built-in Automation functions 163
7.1.1 Auto-Recloser (AR) 163

7.1.2 Trip Circuit Supervision (TCS) 168

7.1.3 Automatic Voltage Regulation–AVR 170
7.1.4 Automatic voltage regulation–ATCC 182
7.2 Synchrocheck 195
7.2.1 General 195
7.2.2 Functional Description 198
7.2.3 Synchrocheck Close request 199
7.2.4 Hardware constraints and use 200
7.2.5 VT wiring configuration 201
7.2.6 Commands received from a control sequence 202
7.2.7 Scheme LL/LB: Live line, Live bus 202
7.2.8 Synchrocheck Type 1 205
7.2.11 Parameters of the TMU2xx board 235
7.2.12 Configuration and settings 235
7.2.13 Management of the 5th VT input on the TMU220 board 238
7.2.14 Digital Output (DO) of the circuit-breaker 239
7.3 Interlocking: logical equations 239
7.3.1 Inputs 240
7.3.2 Outputs 240
7.3.3 Control 240
7.3.4 Behaviour 240
7.3.5 Interlocking and Synchrocheck 244
7.4 Slow automation: Programmable Logic Control (PLC) 245
7.4.1 Inputs 246
7.4.2 Outputs 246
7.4.3 Control 247
7.4.4 Behaviour 247
7.4.5 Limits and specifications 247
7.5 Fast automation: Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) 248
7.5.1 General 248
7.5.2 Timers 249
7.5.3 Boolean 250
7.5.4 RS flip-flop 250
7.6 Load Shedding – C26x–Standalone 252
7.6.1 Inputs 253
7.6.2 Algorithm 253
7.6.3 Outputs 255
7.6.4 Hypothesis and Constraints 255
7.6.5 Configurable data 256
7.7 Load Curtailment – C26x-Standalone 257
7.7.1 Inputs 257
7.7.2 Algorithm 257
7.7.3 Outputs 259
7.7.4 Hypothesis and Constraints 259
7.7.5 Configurable data 259
7.8 Fast Load Shedding (FLS) 261
7.9 Relay automatism functions 262
7.9.1 Trip current measurement indication 262

7.9.2 Overcurrent/breaker failure phase segregation: Faulted circuit/Failed CB pole indication 263
7.9.3 Voltage Transformer Supervision (VTS) 265
8 RECORDS 268
8.1 Permanent records storage 268
8.1.1 Waveform Recording: General 268
8.1.2 Events 268
8.1.3 Fast Waveform Recording 269
8.1.4 Slow Waveform Recording 269
8.1.5 Slow Waveform Recording – Conditions 271
8.1.6 Recording – Mechanism 271
8.2 Non-permanent data storage 273
8.2.1 Alarms 273

1 SCOPE OF THE DOCUMENT

This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. This chapter contains the functional
description of this device. The hardware description can be found in the Hardware Description (HW) chapter.
All the connection diagrams are shown in the Connection Diagrams (CO) chapter. The technical data for this
device, such as the capabilities, performance, and environmental limits, can be found in chapter C26x/EN
TD.
1.1 SOFTWARE FEATURES

The C26x is a modular product at the hardware, software and functional levels. All its functions are fully
configurable in accordance with the customer’s needs and requirements. The C26x offers the following
features:
 Direct processing interface through Digital Inputs (DI), Digital Outputs (DO), Analogue Inputs (AI),
Analogue Outputs (AO) and Current Transformer (CT)/Voltage Transformer (VT) boards
 Direct Operator Interface (OI)

 Embedded parameters to control all common plants or devices
 High communication abilities to IED, Ethernet, and SCADA
 Settable automation modules
 Events, alarms, measurement display, printing and archiving
 Enhanced inner management with database management, self-test controls and the capability to
synchronize all of the devices.
The components of the software management include:
 Input/Output boards: DI, DO, AI, AO

 Analogue Inputs: AI, and from the optional CT/VT board
 Communications with the Telecontrol Bus (TBUS), Station Bus (SBUS) and Legacy Bus (LBUS).
Please refer to chapter C26x/EN CT
 Communication with peripherals such as:

 Local Operator Interface: LCD, front panel
 Local Printer: local sequence of events (SOE)
 Three ways to perform automation functions:
 Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) for all C26x units except the C26x-Standalone unit
 Programmable Logic Control (PLC) for all C26x devices
 Built-in automation functions, such as:
 Auto-Recloser (AR)
 xPS/xPC Association
 Pole Discrepancy
 Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR)
 Automatic Tap Change Control (ATCC)
 Synchrocheck
 Synchrocheck Bypass

 Phase-to-Phase Synchrocheck with the TMU210

Depending on whether the Main Rack is redundant or not, the software features are different for a redundant
main 1 rack and for a non-redundant main rack.
1.2 C26X CONFIGURATIONS

The DS Agile C26x is the base module of the Alstom DS Agile architectures.
Each C26x includes an internal rack. The controller’s boards are mounted on this rack. ”Rack” is the general
technical name, but there can be different functional names.
The functional name depends on the C26x’s location in a system. The functional names for the rack are as
follows:
 Main rack: In a standalone system, the first (and only) rack
 Main 1 rack: In a redundant system, the active rack

In a multirack system, the active rack
 Main 2 rack: In a redundant system, the standby rack
 Extension rack: In a multirack system, one or more extension racks that cascade from the
active
Main 1 rack or the standby Main 2 rack
 Multirack system: A system that includes a Main rack and one or more extension racks
 Redundant system: A system that includes an active Main 1 rack and a standby Main 2 rack
The family of C26xs discussed in this chapter includes the following devices and configurations:
1.2.1 SBUS - C26X WITHOUT IED

The C26x is connected to the SBUS through the Ethernet Port and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol.

1.2.2 SBUS - C26X WITH IEDS

The C26x is connected to the SBUS through the Ethernet Port and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol.
The C26x is connected to the IEDs through the LBUS.

1.2.3 SBUS - C26X WITH TWO EXTENSION RACKS AND WITH IEDS
The C26x is connected to the SBUS through Ethernet Port 1 and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol.
The C26x is connected to the two extension racks through Ethernet Port 2
Each extension rack is connected to the IEDs through the LBUS. The C26x includes a CPU 270 board.
For more technical data about the C26x with two extension racks and with IEDs, please refer to chapter
C26x/EN TD.

1.2.4 SBUS - TWO REDUNDANT C26XS WITH IEDS

Each C26x is connected to the SBUS through Ethernet Port 1 and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol.
Each C26x is connected to the IEDs through the LBUS.

1.2.5 SBUS - TWO C26X REDUNDANT CONTROLLERS WITH TWO EXTENSION RACKS
AND WITH IEDS
Each C26x is connected to the SBUS through Ethernet Port 1 and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol.
Each C26x is connected to the two extension racks through Ethernet Port 2.
Each extension rack is connected to the IEDs through the LBUS. These C26x units each include a CPU 270
board.

For more technical data about the two redundant C26x units with two extension racks and with IEDs, please
refer to chapter C26x/EN TD.
1.2.6 SCADA – TBUS - C26X-STANDALONE RTU WITHOUT IEDS

The C26x is connected to the SCADA through the Ethernet port and the TBUS.
TBUS
C264
Main
rack
C1005ENa
In the C26x-Standalone RTU configuration, there is no C26x redundancy nor any multi-rack. Only one C26x-
Standalone unit is provided. The main rack (not redundant) manages the direct acquisitions and controls.
The C26x-Standalone RTU's main rack:
 Manages communications with the SCADA

 Receives all the data from the IO boards on the rack and updates the archives (SOE and waveform)
 Manages the database downloads through the SCADA connection
 Manages the controls received through the active SCADA connection and forwards them to the
extension racks
 Manages digital input and measurement acquisition. If the main 1 rack and main 2 rack are in a
redundant configuration, this function is not available.
 Manages the controls. If the main 1 rack and main 2 rack are in a redundant configuration, this
function is not available.

1.2.7 SCADA – TBUS - C26X-STANDALONE RTU WITH IEDS

The C26x is connected to the SCADA through the Ethernet port and the TBUS.
The C26x is connected to the IEDs through the LBUS.
TBUS
C264
Main
rack
LBUS
C1006ENa
In the C26x-Standalone RTU configuration, there is no C26x redundancy nor multi-rack configuration. Only
one C26x-Standalone unit is provided. The main rack (not redundant) manages direct acquisitions and
controls. The C26x-Standalone RTU's main rack:

 Receives all the data from the IO boards on the rack and updates the archives (SOE and waveform)
 Manages the controls received through the active SCADA connection and forwards them to the
extension racks
 Manages digital input and measurement acquisition. If the main 1 rack and main 2 rack are in a
 Manages the controls. If the main 1 rack and main 2 rack are in a redundant configuration, this
function is not available.
 Manages communications with the IEDs, as well as the acquisition of the real-time data. if the main 1
rack and main 2 rack are in a redundant configuration, this function is not available.

1.2.8 SCADA – TBUS - C26X-STANDALONE RTU WITH TWO EXTENSION RACKS AND
WITH IEDS
The C26x is connected to the SCADA through Ethernet Port 1 and the TBUS.
The C26x is connected to the two extension racks through Ethernet Port 2.
Each extension rack is connected to the IEDs through the LBUS. This C26x includes a CPU 270 board.
TBUS
C264
Main
rack
LBUS
Extension
rack
Extension LBUS
rack
C1007ENa
The main rack centralises all the data acquired by all the extension racks, and manages the SCADA
interface. In this configuration, you can configure as many as 16 extension racks. The main rack (not
redundant) manages direct acquisitions and controls. The main rack:
 Receives all the data acquired from the extension racks and updates the archives (SOE and
waveform)
 Transmits all this data to the SCADA interface

 Manages the database downloads through the SCADA connection and distributes the new
configuration to all the other extension racks
 Receives the controls through the SCADA connection, manages the controls, and forwards the
controls to the extension racks

 Manages digital input and measurement acquisition. In the case of a redundant configuration, this
function is not available
 Manages the controls directly handled by the main rack. In the case of a redundant configuration, this
function is not available
 Manages communications with the IEDs, as well as real-time data acquisition. In the case of a
The extension racks:
 Send all the acquired data to the main rack

 Manage the controls that they receive from the main rack
 Manage digital and measurement acquisition
 Manage IED communications and real-time data acquisition
 If there are no serial ports available on the main rack, the extension rack can manage the printer.
There is no rack dedicated to managing the Automation functions: Auto-recloser, Synchrocheck, AVR,
ATCC. You can install a CPU270 board on the main rack and on the extension rack.

1.2.9 SCADA – TBUS - TWO C26X-STANDALONE UNITS, REDUNDANT

Each C26x connects through the Ethernet Port 1 through the TBUS to the SCADA
Each C26x connects through Ethernet Port 2 to two extension racks
Each extension rack connects through the LBUS to the IEDs. This C26x includes a CPU270.
The main 1 rack and the main 2 rack centralise all the data acquired by the extension racks and manage the
SCADA interface. In this redundant C26x configuration:
 There are no I/O boards installed in the main 1 rack or in the main 2 rack
 There are no PSL nor ISaGRAF functions available
 There are no IEDs connected to the serial ports of the main 1 rack and main 2 rack
The SCADA selects which controller will be designated main 1 rack and the other controller will be
designated main 2 rack.
 Neither the main 1 rack nor the main 2 rack manage these Automation functions: PSL, PLC, Auto-
recloser, Synchrocheck, AVR, ATCC.
 The main 1 rack and the main 2 rack have identical hardware.

The main 1 rack:

 Receives all the data acquired by the extension racks and updates the archives (SOE and waveform)
 Forwards all this data to the SCADA
 Manages the database downloads through the SCADA connection and distributes new configurations
to all the other extension racks and to the main 2 rack
 Receives the controls through the SCADA connection, manages the controls, and forwards them to
the extension racks.
The main 2 rack:
 Receives all the data acquired by the extension racks and updates the archives (SOE and waveform)
 Freezes all transmissions on the SCADA link: Reset of the Link: Function 0
 In the event of a SCADA General Interrogation (GI Request) to the main 2 rack, the main 2 rack takes
over the main 1 rack’s functions
 Receives the configuration database from the main 1 rack and updates it
 Communicates the status of the main 1 rack and main 2 rack to the SCADA. The watchdog relays can
be assigned to the standard DI of an extension rack.
1.3 C26X-STANDALONE
The C26x-Standalone unit includes the following functions:
Function Available on C26x-Standalone
ISaGRAF Yes
PSL Yes
Load Shedding Yes
The above does not apply to a redundant C26x-Standalone RTU.

2 DS AGILE C26X MANAGEMENT

The C26x manages its own mode, configuration (Databases), and time.
2.1 OPERATING MODE MANAGEMENT
2.1.1 DEFINITIONS
C26x modes:
The C26x operates in the following modes:
 Initialisation mode
 Operational mode
 Normal mode
 Downgraded mode
 Maintenance mode
 Test mode
 Faulty mode
 Halt mode
C26x faults include:
 Anomaly: a fault that causes a downgrade in the behaviour of the C26x. There are hardware and/or
software anomalies, as follows:
 Board failure
 Loss of synchronization
 Loss of communications
 Software fault: a major software error causes a software fault, that causes the C26x to go into the
Faulty mode.
 Vital hardware fault: a fault that causes a software halt which causes the C26x to stop the application
software. Vital hardware faults include:
 CPU fault
 Power supply fault
 Bus fault
 Permanent interruption fault
2.1.2 INITIALIZATION MODE

After a power on or a manual reset event occurs, the C26x goes into the initialization mode. The initialization
mode does not exceed one minute. The C26x performs different types of tests and checks, as follows:
Vital hardware tests
Flash memory test: in the event of a problem, the C26x tries to repair this flash memory. If a vital hardware
test fails, the C26x exits the initialization mode and enters the Halt mode.

Non-vital hardware tests

The C26x performs non-vital hardware tests only on the boards installed in the C26x, and on the peripheral
devices connected to the C26x:
 Input and output boards:

 To determine the number and the type of the installed input and output boards
 To check for the presence of previously installed input and output boards and to determine whether
a board is absent
 To check the serviceability of the installed input and output boards and to determine whether a
board is unserviceable
 Communication boards: the C26x performs this test using the communication protocol
 Displays, such as the LCD screen and the LEDs: the C26x performs a single test for the presence of
the HMI board
 Peripheral devices, such as the printer, external clock, and so on: the C26x uses timeouts to check for
the presence of the peripheral devices.
If one of these non-vital hardware tests fails, the C26x goes into the relevant downgraded mode.
 Software tests (database consistency tests)

Upon each restart, the C26x performs database consistency tests. These tests ensure that the database is
compatible with the hardware and software of the C26x, and that the database does not contain inconsistent
configuration data. The database consistency tests include:
 Check for the presence of a database

 Check of the DB/ software compatibility
This check ensures that the C26x’s software and the database are consistent and compatible. The C26x
contains in its static data a database version number and a revision number that indicate which version of
the database it can interpret. The database must have the same version and revision numbers for the
C26x to accept it.
 Check of the DB/ equipment compatibility

This check ensures that the database is compatible with the device into which it was downloaded. The
C26x compares the type and the number of the device contained in the heading of the database with the
type and the number of the device contained in the static data of the software.
 Check of the validity of the database’s data

This check ensures that the configured inputs and outputs are present and that the number of devices
and signals, such as bays, digital inputs, and so on, remains within acceptable limits.
If any one of these checks fails, the C26x enters the Maintenance mode.
2.1.3 OPERATIONAL MODE

This mode includes two sub-modes: Normal mode and Downgraded mode.
2.1.3.1 NORMAL MODE

This is the nominal operating mode of the active C26x. In this mode the C26x energises the watchdog relay
and all the C26x’s functions are available. Depending on the the cause and severity of the failure, an error
detection can cause the C26x to enter the relevant Downgraded mode, Faulty mode or Halt mode.
In Normal mode, you can use the local Human Machine Interface (HMI) or an upper level maintenance
request to order a transition into Maintenance mode.

In Normal mode, you can use the local (HMI) or an upper level simulation request to order a transition into
Test mode.
In Normal mode, you can perform the following database operations:
 Download a standby database

 Swap the databases: the C26x automatically restarts
 Modify a database
 Display database information.
The C26x transmits the results of the Test mode to the local HMI and to the upper level remote control point
(RCP).
2.1.3.2 DOWNGRADED MODE

In the event of an anomaly, the C26x enters Downgraded mode. In this mode, the C26x’s operation is not
very disturbed because only a few functions are downgraded. The C26x energises the watchdog relay.
The type of downgraded mode depends on the C26x’s hardware configuration. The various events that
cause a downgraded mode include:
 Operation without DO on a board

 Operation without DI on a board
 Operation without AI on a board
 Operation without communications with some relays
 Operation without communications with some plant devices
 A combination of two or more of these events.
When you or the C26x resolve the cause of the transition into Downgraded mode, the C26x returns to
Normal mode.
2.1.4 MAINTENANCE MODE

In Maintenance mode, the station bus (SBUS) operates: you can communicate on the SBUS to manage the
database. The Maintenance mode is shown on the local HMI (LED and LCD) and on the upper level.
The C26x deenergizes the watchdog relay.
In this mode, you can manage the database:
 Download a database
 Swap the databases
 Modify a database
 Show database information
In Maintenance mode, you can use the local Human Machine Interface (HMI) or an upper level active
request to request a transition into Operational mode. The Operational mode includes the Normal mode
and the Downgraded mode.
2.1.5 TEST MODE = DSPIO MAINTENANCE MODE

To simulate the operation of distributed automatic events, such as interlocks, the C26x must be switched to
Test mode. In Test mode, the C26x operates normally but the output relays are not active. When you send a
command, the C26x does not energise the output relay: Instead, if the command is valid, the C26x sends a
TEST OK message to the substation control point (SCP). If the command is not valid, the C26x sends a
TEST NOK message to the SCP.

Note:
To perform the tests, you must manually force BI or Measurements on different C26xs to create the test conditions.
When the test conditions are established, you can send a command. Look at the SCP level (HMI) to check whether the
result is as expected.
The Test mode is shown on the local HMI (LED and LCD) and on the upper level.
In Test mode, you can use the local HMI or an upper level end-of-simulation request to order a transition into
Operational mode. The Operational mode includes the Normal mode and the Downgraded mode.
The table below shows the behaviour of the CPU and the DSP according to the C26x mode. This table is
true only if there is no Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL), managed by the CPU, between the start/operate
BI and the DSPIO trip relay.


2.1.6 FAULTY MODE

In any mode, when a fault occurs to prevent the proper operation of the software, the C26x goes into the
Faulty mode.
When the C26x detects a failure on the DO boards, and if the configuration allows it, the C26x enters Faulty
mode. Each time the C26x switches to Faulty mode, an internal counter is incremented.
There are only two ways to exit the Faulty mode:
 A transition to Initialisation mode and an automatic reset of the counter

 A transition to Halt mode.
If the value of the internal counter remains lower than the Max_Fault parameter defined during the
configuration stage, the C26x switches to Initialisation mode. When the elapsed time since the last
increment of the internal counter equals the value Fault_Detection_Lasting parameter defined during the
configuration stage, the value of the counter automatically resets.
When the value of the internal counter reaches Max_Fault, the C26x goes into the Halt mode.
2.1.7 HALT MODE

In this mode, the C26x deenergises the watchdog relay and all the output relays. The C26x does not operate
anymore. The only way to exit this mode is to perform a manual reset.
2.1.8 SUMMARY OF MODES, TESTS, TRANSITIONS, AND FAULTS

The different modes, tests, transitions, and faults of the C26x show in the figure that follows:
DB/software compatibility not OK

or
boot DB/equipment compatibility not OK
or
data of database not valid
INITIALISATION
Major
automatic hardware
reset fault Init OK manual reset
hardware test OK
and coherency not OK
FAULTY
no DB
major hardware fault major hardware fault
or software fault or software fault
simulation request maintenance request
TEST OPERATIONAL MAINTENANCE

end of simulation active request
vital
hardware vital hardware
fault vital hardware fault fault
vital hardware fault
HALT
Counter of faults = Max_Fault
C0288ENa

2.1.9 REDUNDANCY MODE MANAGEMENT

Two identical controllers with the same hardware and the same database versions manage the main 1 rack
redundancy.
For the C26x-Multirack system:
The two SCADA connections, one to the main 1 rack and one to the main 2 rack, are completely
independent of each other. For these two connections, there is no synchronization of protocols, and each of
these racks can have its own address in the substation's Ethernet network. The principle here is different
from the standard redundant function, where the sequence of the messages on each connection is
synchronized and where both racks has the same address in the substation Ethernet network.
In the redundant configuration, the main 1 rack does not manage direct acquisition, controls, or IED
connections.
The main 1 rack and the main 2 rack have a single address on one of the two SCADA connections. This
allows the main 1 rack and the main 2 rack to manage two different networks.
The main 1 rack is in operation when:
 The communication was set up on the main 1 rack connection to the SCADA. The GI request (ASDU
100) message confirms the connection set-up .
 The main 2 rack was in operation, a failure occurred, and the main 1 rack received a GI request.
When the SCADA detects a communication failure, the main 1 rack in operation becomes the main 2 rack.
The SCADA must stop communicating with one rack when it decides to communicate with the other rack.
For more details, please refer to the figure below:

The main 1 rack:
 Manages the communications with the SCADA

 Receives all of the data acquired on the extension rack and updates the archives (SOE, slow
waveform)
 Transmits all of the data acquired by the extension rack to the SCADA
 Receives the database through the SCADA connection or from the CMT and distributes the new
configuration to all the other racks, including the main 2 rack
 Manages the controls received through the active SCADA connection and sends them to the
extension racks
The main 2 rack:
 Receives all of the data acquired on the extension rack and updates the archives (SOE, slow
waveform)
 In the event of a SCADA connection reset (GI Request), the main 2 rack performs the functions of the
main 1 rack
 Receives the configuration database from the main 1 rack and updates its own configuration database
To communicate the status of the main 1 rack and main 2 rack to the SCADA, you can wire the watchdog
relays to the standard DI of one extension rack.

For the C26x System:

The two redundant controllers are the main 1 C26x and the main 2 C26x. The C26x that manages the bay is
the active C26x; the other one is the standby C26x. In this configuration, the redundant C26x can be:
 Main 1 C26x in active mode

 Main 1 C26x in standby mode
 Main 2 C26x in active mode
 Main 2 C26x in standby mode.
During the boot time, and if both controllers are in operation, the main 1 C26x is the active controller.
The two controllers perform the same functions simultaneously: inputs acquisition and processing, archiving
and automation, but at any given time, only the active C26x sends controls to the electrical process or on the
SBUS. An Alstom DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1 client receives data from the two controllers: This client processes
only the data it receives from the C26x in active mode. Only the C26x in active mode manages the
communications with the IEDs or the SCADA.
This switch from active mode to standby mode, as well as from standby mode to active mode, is
performed automatically as follows (for BCU controllers only, not standalone controllers):
Figure 1: Redundancy management
The two controllers exchange data with:
 The SBUS, to provide their internal status (IS)

 2 pairs of DI/DO of the BIU board:
 DI1/DO1 to indicate the Active Status: DO1 is closed if the C26x is Active
 DI2/DO2 to indicate a Station Bus failure: DO2 is open in the event of a failure
A value is assigned to each type of C26x board failure: the controller’s IS is the sum of all the failure values.
The healthiest C26x is the one with the lowest internal status value. The healthiest C26x becomes the active
C26x.
Board type Failure value for each type of board
DOU 0x40
CCU 0x20

Board type Failure value for each type of board

AOU 0x10
CT/VT 0x08
DIU 0x04
BIU 0x02
AIU 0x01
The initial state is “Initialisation” (state 0) and the “DI11” event is generated.
“L_IS” is the internal status of the C26x, “R_IS” is the internal status of the redundant one.
The “confirmed DI2  1” event is the detection of a Station Bus failure by the other C26x (DI2 = 0) which has
been confirmed during 20 seconds.
T1 is the timer of the Active status confirmation during the C26x initialisation (default value: 5 seconds for the
Main 1 C26x, defined during the configuration process, 30 seconds for the Main 2 C26x). T2 is the timer of
the master election (default value: 5 seconds).
The switching time is less than 30 seconds.
State 1:
Awaiting end of State 3: State 5:
State 0: State 2: State 4:
initialisation / Standby / T2 Standby mode
Initialisation Standby Active
T1 timer timer running selected
running
≠ T1 timer
≠ close DO1 ≠ stop T2 timer
DI1≠1 / / /
launching ≠ go to state 4 ≠ go to state 4
≠ go to state 1
≠ open DO1
≠ stop T1 timer
DI1=1 go to state 2 / ≠ stop T2 timer go to state 5 /
≠ go to state 2
≠ go to state 2
≠ T2 timer
“confirmed” launching
/ / / / /
DI2≠1 ≠ close DO1
≠ go to state 3
If (L_IS<R_IS)
If (L_IS>R_IS)
then
then
≠ T2 timer
Remote IS / / ≠ stop T2 timer / /
launching
≠ open DO1
≠ close DO1
≠ go to state 2
≠ go to state 3
If DI1≠1
then:
≠ T2 timer
End of T1 launching
/ / not possible not possible /
timer ≠ close DO1
≠ go to state 3
else:
≠ go to state 2
End of T2
/ / / go to state 4 / /
timer

State 1:
Awaiting end of State 3: State 5:
State 0: State 2: State 4:
initialisation / Standby / T2 Standby mode
Initialisation Standby Active
T1 timer timer running selected
running
open DO1 if
conditions to
enter standby
mode are not
End of true anymore
standby mode / not possible not possible not possible not possible then
going-on ≠ T2 timer
launching
≠ go to state 3
else
≠ go to state 2
2.2 DATABASE MANAGEMENT
2.2.1 GENERAL
The C26x uses structured databases to manage data. The main principle is that the C26x will only function
with other Alstom DS Agile devices if their database versions are identical.
A database (DB) is a file that includes the description of the whole electrical process, and of all the devices
that the C26x is likely to communicate with: IEDs, HMI, and so on. The database also includes some
parameter settings for the software and for the transmission protocols. Use a separate Alstom DS Agile tool,
the System Configuration Editor (SCE), to create and version the databases. Each database has a related
VDBS (System Baseline Version).
You can download a standby database even if the C26x is in operation: use the filename .adb format.
You can download a database into the flash memory of the C26x in two ways:
 Use the Alstom DS Agile tool, the System Management Tool (SMT) to download the database through
the IEC 61850-8-1 station bus (SBUS).
 Use the Alstom DS Agile tool, the Computer Maintenance Tool (CMT), to download the database
directly over the Ethernet network. Operators generally use the CMT only to download the first
database. During the download, the CMT sends the database to all the other racks. This database
becomes the new Standby database. Upon receipt of the Switch command, the C26x cascades the
switch operation to the other racks.
The C26x-Standalone RTU receives the database file from the SCADA and saves it in RAM memory, but
does not forward it to the other racks.
On the C26x-Standalone RTU, the database status shows only on the main rack on the LCD.
The main 1 rack checks the compatibility between its database and the databases installed in the main 2
rack and in the extension racks. It the databases are different, the main 1 rack has the most recent version
and deletes the databases on the other racks.
If the main database on the main 1 rack is compatible with the standby database on the other rack(s), the
C26x switches the database.
At any moment, the C26x stores as many as two DBs in its flash memory. The two DBs and their related
VDBS have the labels DB1, VDBS1; and DB2, VDBS2.

Each database in the C26x, DB1 and DB2, has one of the following states:
 Missing: the DB is not present in the controller’s flash memory

 Standby: the DB was downloaded into the controller’s non-volatile memory of, but the software does
not acknowledge this version
 Current: the software acknowledges the downloaded DB

 Current Modified: a parameter setting was changed in the DB and the software currently
acknowledges the DB
 Standby Modified: a parameter setting was changed in the DB and the software does not
acknowledge the DB.
In the controller, the life cycle of the DBs is shown in the figure below:
Absent
Downloading
Switching
Standby Current
Parameter setting
Parameter setting
Standby Current
Modified Modified
Switching
C0308ENa
Figure 2: The different states of a database
At any moment, there is only one DB either in Current state or in Current Modified state. Similarly, there is
only one DB either in Standby state or in Standby Modified state.
For the two downloaded DBs, DB 1 and DB 2, the four possible states are shown in the table below:
Database State 1 State 2 State 3 State 4
DB1 and VDBS1 Current Current Modified Current Current Modified
DB2 and VDBS2 Standby Standby Standby Modified Standby Modified
A file descriptor with the label DB context, stored in the flash memory of the C26x, includes the configuration
of the DB installed on the device. This file descriptor, that includes the state of each of the two databases
and their related VDBS (for example, DB1 and VDBS1; DB2 and VDBS2), indicates the configuration of the
databases when the C26x boots up (initialisation mode), and to start again with the Current database, if it
exists. To update the file descriptor DB Context, use these functions:

 Download a database
 Switch the databases
 Check a database
 Modify a Database.
2.2.2 HOW TO DOWNLOAD A DATABASE THROUGH THE ETHERNET

Connect the C26x to the station bus (SBUS). Use the SMT tool to download the first DB.
The first time that you download the DB and the related Vdbs, make sure that the C26x is in maintenance
mode.
Once the C26x is running with the first DB, and it is either in operational mode or in maintenance mode, you
can download the standby DB and its related Vdbs.
The sequence to download the DB is as follows:
1 Use the Alstom DS Agile SMT tool to send a request to start the database transfer.
2 The receiver, the PC, returns a positive response.
3 Transmit the response to the calling device. If another request on the same DB is already in progress,
the device will refuse your request.
4 Download the DB file and the related Vdbs. The C26x checks the integrity of the files: it calculates the
checksum and control of the DB.
5 In the event of a fault, the C26x sends a signal to inform the calling device of the transfer .
6 After a successful transfer of the DB, the C26x checks the DB’s compatibility
7 In case of an invalid DB, the C26x sends a signal to inform the calling device of the DB installation
failure.
8 In case of a valid DB, the C26x:
a Removes any standby DB and related Vdbs already installed in the C26x
b Assigns the standby state to the downloaded DB and related Vdbs installed with it in the C26x
c Sends a signal to inform the calling device of the success of the DB installation.
9 The C26x updates the file descriptor, Context DB, in flash memory.

2.2.3 HOW TO SWITCH THE DATABASES

The SBUS sends a request to switch the DB. This request specifies the Version of the standby DB and
related Vdbs which are to become current. Please refer to Figure 4: Database download and to Figure 5:
Database Switch.
SWITCH
T0 T0 + T1
CURRENT STANDBY CURRENT STANDBY
Vdbs n.m Vdbs x.y Vdbs x.y Vdbs n.m
DB1 DB2 DB2 DB1
T0 + T1 MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE
T0 + T1 CURRENT STAND-BY
Vdbs x.y Vdbs n.m
DB2 DB1
OPERATIONAL
C0309ENa
Figure 3: Switching databases
Figure 4: Database download

After a successful database download, the SCADA sends the switch command with the “Reset process
command” standard message (ASDU 105) to the C26x.
When the C26x receives the switch command, the C26x downloads the database into the other racks.
Please refer to Figure 5: Database Switch.
Binary configuration file

Compressed. adb
SCADA link SCADA link
T101 or T104 T101 or T104
DB in RAM
Main 1 Rack Main 2 Rack

C264 C264
Extension Rack
C264 I/O
Acquisition
IED Link
Extension Rack
I/O
C264 Acquisition
IED Link
C0450ENa
Figure 5: Database Switch
When this series of downloads is successful, the C26x switches the databases in all the racks.
After a DB switch, and if the DB is consistent with the software, the C26x automatically reboots and switches
to Operational Mode.
2.2.4 HOW TO PERFORM A CHECK OF THE DATABASE

Upon each reboot, the C26x checks the DB.
2.2.5 HOW TO MODIFY THE DATABASE

With the local HMI, you can only modify a parameter setting in the current DB, i.e., the Current or Current
Modified DB. You can only modify some data parameters. In order to be able modify the parameters in the
settings file, they need to be defined in the DB as “editable”. The modified DB stores the new parameter
settings. The C26x increments the internal version number of the parameter setting file and calculates again
the checksum of the file. The database takes the Current Modified state.
2.2.6 HOW TO MODIFY A PARAMETER SETTING IN THE CURRENT DB

To modify the parameter setting in the current DB, use the C26x to:
1 Check the consistency of the request:
a Is the object known to the C26x, i.e., is the object really present in the database?
b Can the C26x set the data?
c Is the value of the parameter setting compatible with the type of data conveyed: is the value within
the range of acceptable variations?
2 Return a negative report to the device that sent the request if it is inconsistent.
3 Write the current value of the data in the DB

4 Write the date at which you modified the data in the DB

5 Compute the checksum and to write it in the DB
6 Assign the state Current Modified to the DB
7 Send a positive report to the device that sent the request
8 Update the file descriptor, that is the Context database, in the flash memory
2.2.7 HOW TO READ OUT A PARAMETER SETTING

To effect a request to read out a parameter setting in the current DB from the Operator Station, use the C26x
to:
1 Check the consistency of the request:
a Is the object known to the C26x, i.e., is the object really present in the database?
b Can the C26x set the data?
c Is the value of the parameter setting compatible with the type of data conveyed: Is the value within
the range of acceptable variations?
2 Return a negative report to the device that sent the request if it is inconsistent.:
3 Expand the response to include the parameter setting and send it to the device that sent the request
For the C26x–Standalone unit, you can use the Computer Maintenance Tool (CMT) to upload and store a
DB as large as 20 MB in the flash memory.
2.3 SELF-TESTS
The C26x performs the following self-tests:
 Hardware (hardware fault) at start-up and cyclically.

 Software (software fault) cyclically to ensure that software tasks are active and do not take up all the
CPU time
 Database consistency at start-up

 Acquisition and output at start-up and cyclically.
2.4 TIME MANAGEMENT

The main purposes of time management include:
 To synchronize the internal clock in the C26x (referred to as the local clock) with:
 The external clock for all C26x devices
 SCADA for all C26xdevices
 SBUS or LBUS for all C26x devices except C26x-Standalone RTUs
 Operator for all C26x devices except C26x-Standalone RTUs
 To update the local clock

 To synchronize other devices through the SBUS with the local clock

You can synchronize the local clock with an external time reference from 4 sources:
 The external clock sends an IRIG-B signal Note 1
 The SCADA sends a clock message through the TBUS and the gateway Note 1
 The system’s master clock sends a clock message through the SBUS - SNTP Note 2
 An operator sets the time Note 2
Note 1: For all C26x devices
Note 2: For all C26x devices except C26x-Standalone RTUs
There is a priority rule for these four external time references. If the external clock operates, it locks out
changes from the three other sources: you cannot make modifications to the local clock in these cases:
 Locked out: The SCADA sends a clock message through the TBUS and the gateway
 Locked out: The system master clock sends a clock message through the SBUS
 Locked out: An operator sets the time
For the C26x-Multirack system, the main 1 rack delivers time synchronization to the main 2 rack and to the
extension racks.
In case an external clock disconnects or does not operate, there is a priority order for the three external time
references that remain:
 The SCADA sends a clock message through the TBUS and the gateway
or
 The system master clock sends a clock message through the SBUS
have priority over
 An operator who sets the time

Just after the local clock is synchronized, and if it is the master system clock of the LBUS, the controller
synchronises the Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) in accordance with the synchronisation procedure of
the protocol. If the local clock is not synchronised, the controller synchronises periodically the IED all
together.
When the local clock is synchronized, all events and measurements include a time tag with a synchronized
attribute. If the synchronization is lost, or was never achieved, the attributes indicate that the time tag is not
synchronized.
For a substation, the Alstom DS Agile architecture can synchronize as many as 120 devices, such as the
C26x, OI, gateways, IED Relays, IEC 61850-8-1 Relays, and so on.

Time management is organised as follows:
Figure 6: Time management
2.4.1 EXTERNAL CLOCK

The external clock receives the synchronization signal through one of several protocols: GPS, DCF77, and
so on. Periodically, the external clock sends the synchronization signal, which includes the time and date, to
the dedicated IRIG-B input of the DS Agile C26x.
Each controller has its own local clock. The local clock synchronizes with the signal from the external clock.
In this system architecture, the local clock operates as the System Master Clock.
In the event of the loss of the radio signal from the external clock, two events can occur:
1 Some external clocks include a very accurate oscillator. After a loss of radio signal, these external
clocks can synchronize the controller for 8 hours. The external clock sends two messages through the
protocol. The text of the messages complies with the manufacturer’s specifications. For example:
 no radio received
 radio signal lost for more than 8 hours
2 The local clock remains synchronised with the external clock until the message radio signal lost for
more than 8 hours is issued. The status of the local clock now shows as not-synchronised.

3 Some external clocks do not have the internal accuracy to support the radio signal. In this event, when
the confirmation of a lost radio signal occurs in a few minutes, the status of the local clock shows as
not-synchronised
If the controller operates as the system’s master clock for the other devices in the substation, then it
continues to send the clock synchronisation message to the other devices, even if the local clock, or system
master clock, is not synchronised with an external time reference. A binary input is dedicated to monitoring
the status of the external clock.
2.4.2 CLOCK SYNCHRONISATION MESSAGE FROM A SCADA GATEWAY

The acquisition of a SCADA clock synchronisation message is a SCADA gateway specification.
The SCADA clock synchronisation depends on the protocol. The clock synchronisation message goes
directly through the SCADA link to the C26x.
The clock synchronisation message from the SCADA gateway is in Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) time.
From the SCADA, the clock synchronisation message goes to the “local clock update” function in the
controller. The controller checks the frame of the clock synchronisation message, removes the control fields,
and transmits the clock synchronisation message.
When the SCADA gateway operates as the external time reference according to the priority, the controller
receives the clock synchronisation messages from the SCADA. An interruption relates to the arrival of the
frame: the controller can acquire the clock synchronisation message from the SCADA gateway. The delay in
the transmission from the SCADA gateway is compensated.
The clock synchronisation message from the SCADA gateway must contain:
Day / month / year / hour / minutes / seconds / milliseconds
To update the controller local clock, please refer to 2.4.5 Local clock update.
2.4.3 SNTP CLIENT AND SERVERS

On an IEC 61850-8-1 network, the clock synchronization uses the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP). In
an Alstom DS Agile system, you can define as many as two controllers as the System Master Clock: they
become SNTP servers. All other devices installed on the IEC 61850-8-1 become SNTP clients. In event that
one SNTP server fails, for example a controller is unserviceable, or an external clock fails, the SNTP clients
automatically connect to the second SNTP server.
Use the Alstom DS Agile tool, the System Configuration Editor (SCE), to configure a C26x as an SNTP
server; to have redundancy, define two IP addresses. These IP addresses must be in the same range as the
C26x Ethernet addresses.
In this event, no C26x is the Master Clock: all C26x devices are SNTP clients.
The synchronization performance of the system depends on the accuracy of the third-party SNTP server.
You can connect one C26x, which is configured as an SNTP server, to a second C26x SNTP server to make
a C26x redundant system.
2.4.4 TIME SET BY AN OPERATOR

If an external time reference operates, such as the external clock, the SCADA clock or the system master
clock, you the operator cannot set the time.
If the system master clock synchronises any other device in an Alstom DS Agile system architecture, you
cannot set the time for that device. However, in event the system master clock is unserviceable or the
connection fails, you can set the time for the device.
If the controller does not receive the clock synchronisation messages from the external clock, from the
SCADA gateway, or from the system master clock, you are allowed to set the time manually.
Normally, you must manually set only the system master clock. You must use the correct tool for the specific
system master clock.

With the C26x local Operator Interface, with the Human Machine Interface (HMI) front panel, or with the
maintenance laptop controller and the controller Maintenance Tool (CMT), you can set the time and date.
You use two commands:
 One to modify the time: hour/minutes/seconds

 One to modify the date: year/month/day
You can reserve a third command to do a check on the date and hour values.
You must raise a manual time-set-indication. The controller makes a record of all operator actions.
2.4.5 LOCAL CLOCK UPDATE

Each controller has its own local clock. Each local clock has its own quartz shift: a deviation of the internal
oscillator of the controller. You must synchronise the local clock periodically to agree with an external time
reference.
The time data includes:
 Loss of the external clock; loss of SCADA gateway clock synchronisation message; or loss of the
system master clock
 An indication that the local clock was roughly synchronised. This indication shows any time difference,
between the local clock and the clock synchronisation message that is greater than the fixed value:
threshold = 20 milliseconds. The controller sends a message about the discrepancy, prints the
message, and archives the event.
 Indication that the operator performed a manual time set. This “manual time set” indication is required
to time-tag the events that occur.
The internal time format for the local clock is Universal Time Coordinate (UTC). The time difference between
UTC and the local time is set during configuration.
The local clock operates automatically:
 For all dates including leap years up to 2037.

 For seasonal time changes: it uses the values for Daylight Savings Time (DST) as shown in the Time
Zone Adjustment Table (TZTAB) file. The TZTAB file shows the differences between UTC and local
time.
If the DST rules change, you can set the new rules in the controller.
The controller manages the milliseconds with its own quartz.
The Local Clock Update function manages the synchronisation status of the controller as follows:
 Not synchronized: this is the status at initialization, the controller has never been synchronized since
booting or rebooting. Date and time are invalid.
 Synchronized: the controller receives periodically the date and time. Date and time are valid. Or the
controller is master clock on the Ethernet network for other equipment.
At initialisation, the controller shows the external clock as not-synchronised with the local clock. This status
remains the same until you send a control message to the initialisation driver to receive synchronisation
frames from an external time reference. When the control is OK and at the reception of the first external
clock message, the synchronisation upon external clock is declared valid and the external clock is
considered connected.
This synchronisation with the external clock could fall back to invalid: for example, in event the controller did
not receive an external synchronisation message for N minute(s). This can indicate an external clock failure,
such as a disconnection or a message that contains invalid data. The value of this timing is 300 seconds.
In the event of an external clock failure, the local clock maintains the frequency in effect before the external
clock failed. The controller generates an internal signal or alarm and declares the system master clock

invalid. When this occurs, the controller makes a non-synchronisation mark against each event, for as long
as the synchronisation with the external clock remains invalid.
When a device on the SBUS does not receive a clock synchronisation message in 180 seconds, it raises an
alarm. The events processed by this device are tagged with a special mark and with the time, and the device
stops the transmission of the synchronization frame to the IEDs.
2.4.6 MANAGEMENT OF LOSS OF EXTERNAL TIME REFERENCE

As the local clock update function receives the external time reference, it manages a loss of the external time
reference as follows:
 If the external clock is lost, then the local clock update shows the loss of the external clock
 If the clock message from the SCADA gateway is lost, then the local clock update shows the loss of
the SCADA gateway clock message
 If the system master clock is lost, then the local clock update shows the loss of the system master
clock
2.4.7 UPDATE METHOD

When the controller validates the external clock acquisition, the controller manages the synchronisation of
the internal system master clock to the external time reference as follows:
If a difference between the local clock value and the external time reference value transmitted exists, [C
Local – C External]  0:
 If [C Local – C External] < 1 ms, the local clock is not modified

 If [C Local – C External] > 1ms, two different events are processed:
1 If [C Local – C External]   Threshold (20 ms), the value of the local clock is progressively corrected
(reduced or increased). This compensation is performed in a set time (t1=60 s).
2 If [C Local – C External]   Threshold (20 ms), the hour in the local clock is updated roughly.
If an operator gets the external clock time, the operator must update the local clock.
2.4.8 LIMITS AND PERFORMANCE

The controller local clock has a small shift per day. This quartz shift, that is the deviation of the internal
oscillator of the controller, is less than 0.5 s/day (that is,  5.8 s/s). This quartz shift is the same through the
entire operating temperature range of the controller. The operator must set the time periodically or
synchronize the local clock with a master clock.

3 COMMUNICATIONS
The C26x includes different types of communications:
 Telecontrol Bus (TBUS)

 Legacy Bus (LBUS)
 Station Bus (SBUS)
 Inter-rack Ethernet communications
For the C26x, the possible combinations of protocols are as follows:
For this number of Protocols on You can have this number of Protocols
Total number of protocols permitted
the TBUS on the LBUS
2 0 or 1 or 2 4 or less
1 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 4 or less
0 0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 4 or less
The basic communications are as follows:
Figure 7: Communications

3.1 TELECONTROL BUS - TBUS

You can connect a C26x through the TBUS to the SCADA. The TBUS can use a maximum of two of these
protocols:
Protocol Protocol Type C26x behaves as C26x BCU C26x-Standalone
DNP 3.0 Master-slave Slave Serial & over IP –
MODBUS Master-slave Slave Serial –
T101 Master-slave/balanced Slave Serial Serial
T104 Balanced Slave Over IP Over IP
HNZ Master-slave Slave – Elenas (Indonesia)
HNZ Master-slave Slave – Yemen
The C26x behaves as a slave in:
 Master/slave protocols: DNP3, DNP3 over IP, MODBUS, T101, HNZ-Elenas, HNZ-Yemen
 Balanced protocols: T101, T104.
The C26x connects directly or through a modem with SCADA.
Only one T104 client can communicate with the C26x; other T104 clients can only perform TESTFR (no
control).
Physical layer:
 DNP 3.0, MODBUS, T101, HNZ-Elenas, HNZ-Yemen: RS232, RS422, RS485

 DNP3 oIP, T104: Ethernet 10/100 MB: RJ45 connector/optical fibre (multi-/single-mode)
On the C26x, you can configure as many as 2 different serial telecontrol protocols. If you use the Ethernet
T104, you can connect as many as 4 independent clients.
Caution:
When you use the serial ports on the CPU board, make sure that the baudrate is the
same for both CPU serial ports: com3 and com4.
The redundancy is not available for DNP3 over IP and for MODBUS.
Arbitration in a multi-SCADA architecture:
If, for instance, a C26x is connected to a SCADA in T101, but also to another one in T101 or T104 (or to one
of each type),
Other conditions:
 substation and bay in remote mode

 control uniqueness
When the C26x is executing a command (selection or direct execution) issued by one of them, the C26x
raises an internal alarm to any SCADA that places another command. Exception: if the second SCADA
switches for any reason to a redundant C26x, this alarm is not sent.

3.2 LEGACY BUS - LBUS

C26x behaves as a master.
Protocols:
 IEC 60870-5-103 (T103)

 IEC 60870-5-101 (T101)
 ModBus
 DNP 3.0
Devices connected to:
 IEDs
Physical layer:
 RS232, RS422, RS485

 Optical fibre
Caution:
When you use the serial ports on the CPU board, make sure the baudrate is the same for
both CPU serial ports com3 com4
Caution:
If the main 1 rack is redundant, there is no LBUS connected to the main 1 rack
Caution:
There is no redundancy for the LBUS
On the C26x, as many as four serial ports are available to make four networks with as many as four different
protocols.
3.3 STATION BUS - SBUS

The SBUS Protocol is used for communications between Alstom's DS Agile subsystems but it is also
available for other devices.
A C26x behaves mainly as a server but it can be also a client of other C26x devices (distributed
automations) or IEC 61850-8-1 IED.
Protocol:
 IEC 61850-8-1
Devices connected to:
 Alstom DS Agile devices (Alstom DS Agile OI, SMT, Gateway)

 Other C26x devices
 IEC 61850-8-1 IEDs
Link layer:
Ethernet 10 or 100 Mb/s

Physical support:
 Copper twisted pair (RJ45 connector)

 Optical fibre (single/multi-mode)
 The optical port is an option. To increase the number of Ethernet ports, several types of Ethernet
switch boards are available:
 SWU with 4 RJ45 ports and up 2 optical ports (single/multi-mode)

 SWD with 4 RJ45 ports and 2 optical ports for dual homing start (single/multi-mode)
 SWR with 4 RJ45 ports and 2 optical ports for a redundant ring (single/multi-mode)
 SRP with 3 RJ45 ports and 2 optical ports for a PRP redundant star (single/multi-mode)
3.3.1 EXCHANGES
The C26x acquires and sends data on an IEC 61850-8-1 network using REPORT/GOOSE.
The GOOSE is a short message (data value and quality) sent in multicast to all the IEDs on the SBUS; it is
faster than the REPORT.
The REPORT is sent by a server to one client.
By default, reports are of URCB class, hence lost in the event of a communications loss.
For details on BRCB, refer to DS Agile/EN FT.
Each memory buffer is circular (FIFO). In the following example, the oldest event has been overwritten due
to overflow:
96 97 98 99 100 101 2 3
END  START 
When the buffer capacity (100) is overrun, a Buffer overflow SPS is raised and is signalled when the
communication is recovered.
C26x behaviour in abnormal modes:
 Initialization: all the buffered data are lost

 Maintenance: all the buffered data prior to switching to maintenance mode are retained
 Test: data are buffered on as in operational mode
3.3.2 SUPPORTED COMMON DATA CLASSES

The C26x exchanges data using Common Data Classes. The table below lists the implemented classes:
Client Server
Common Data Class Description
support support
Status
SPS Single input status YES YES
DPS Double input status YES YES
INS Integer input status YES YES
ACT Protection activation information YES YES
ACD Directional protection activation information YES YES
Measurement
MV Measurement value YES YES
CMV Complex measurement value YES YES

Client Server
Common Data Class Description
support support
WYE 3 phase + N measurement YES YES
DELTA Phase to phase measurement YES YES
Counter
BCR Binary counter reading YES YES
Control
SPC Single point control YES YES
DPC Double control output YES YES
BSC Binary step control YES YES
APC Analogue setpoint YES YES
INC Integer control output YES YES
ISC Integer step control output YES YES
Description
LPL Logical node name plate YES YES
DPL Device name plate YES YES
Report Control Block
URCB Unbuffered report control block YES YES
BRCB Buffered report control block NO YES
Table 1: Data management
3.3.3 CONTROLS
The C26x supports Common Data Classes control expressed with SPC, DPC, INC and APC configured as
Direct Execute or SBO.

3.4 INTER-RACK ETHERNET COMMUNICATION
3.4.1 INTERNAL ETHERNET ARCHITECTURE
T104 T104
C264 C264
C264
CMT Extension Rack No.1
C264
Extension Rack No.2 Ethernet Link
Ethernet Switch
The internal communication on the Ethernet C26x network uses proprietary protocol with unicast messages.
Consecutively all messages used by the C26x for internal data exchanges remain inside it. These messages
do not pollute the external network reserved for the SCADA interface.
Furthermore, the CMT tool uses also the Ethernet broadcast to identify racks. This tool is used only for
maintenance purpose (Software and configuration downloading)
Acquisition and main racks must have the same group number when they are attached to the same C26x.
This group number is defined using the CMT and is limited to 16.

3.4.2 EXTERNAL NETWORK BEHAVIOUR

Due to the connection of the C26x with the external network for the SCADA communication (T104) a
precaution shall be taken in order to avoid Ethernet loops. External switches of the upstream communication
must be able to use the spanning tree algorithm to prevent Ethernet loops.
The Spanning Tree (802.1D) or the Fast Spanning Tree (802.1W) algorithm of the external switches
identifies the Ethernet ring created with the external and internal Ethernet infrastructure and computes the
appropriate path avoiding Ethernet Loops.
WAN External Network

External switches
T104 T104
C264 C264
ETHERNET RING
Ethernet Link
Ethernet Switch
C1023ENa
The computation of the network tree is done only one time by the spanning tree algorithm of External
switches.

3.4.3 ETHERNET FAILURE

Ethernet ring opening
T104 T104
C264 C264
C264
C264
Extension Rack No.2
Ethernet Link
Ethernet Switch
C1024ENa
The consequence of the ring opening involves to lose the communication between the Main 1 rack and the
Main 2 rack.
Consecutively we have:
 Data transfer from extension rack #1 through the External Ethernet infrastructure (outside the C26x
Ethernet network) to the Main 2 rack.
 Ethernet ring opening and rebuilding of routine table ordered by the spanning tree algorithm (> 30 s if
802.1D used)

3.4.4 OTHER ETHERNET LOSS
T104 T104
C264 C264
C264
C264
Extension Rack No.2
Ethernet Link
Ethernet Switch
C1025ENa
The other events of loss of the Ethernet C26x network do not involve:
 Data Routine outside of the internal Ethernet network of the C26x-Standalone RTU
 Starting of the spanning tree algorithm (Ethernet ring maintained)
All data produced by the insulated rack are defined in an unknown state.
The other racks of the C26x (remaining on Ethernet continuity) are fully operational. Data transferred to the
Main racks through the Standalone private communication do not use the external Ethernet infrastructures.
3.4.5 ETHERNET ROUTING TABLE

C26x connects to a router and a remote IEC104 SCADA

3.5 ETHERNET PORT MANAGEMENT ON CPU270 ("CPU3")

The 2 Ethernet ports on the CPU270 can be configured as follows:
N° Port 1 Port 2 Comments
1 IEC 61850-8-1 SBUS + SCADA IP 1 SCADA IP 2 2 independent SCADA protocols with different database
2 SCADA IP 1 SCADA IP 2 2 independent SCADA protocols with different database
3 IEC 61850-8-1 SBUS SCADA IP
Table 2.
IEC 61850-8-1 Station Bus, if configured, is always on port 1

One or 2 IP SCADA protocols can be configured on port 1 and/or 2
The existing SCADA protocols are DNP3 and T104. DNP3 is mono-client. T104 is multi-clients (as many as
4 clients) with only one active at one time. Bind one protocol on one, and only one, Ethernet port. If you use
two Ethernet ports, make sure that the IP addresses of the Ethernet ports are on two different sub-networks.
The two Ethernet ports can share the same physical network. Use the CMT tool to configure the Ethernet
ports.
Figure 8: CMT showing two Ethernet ports

4 DIRECT PROCESS ACCESS

Several kinds of boards can be used in C26x and extension racks. Digital Input & Outputs, Measurement
acquisitions are checked to validate information/action and time tagged on any change of state or value.
The C26x acquires digital and analogue input, counters, digital measurements. Configuration parameters,
filtering and triggering are applied to these inputs and depend on their type.
4.1 INPUT CHECK

Input data coming from the physical DS Agile C26x boards or from the different communication networks are
periodically checked.
Invalidity status of these data is internally fixed for:
 Self-test (DI, AI, board self test failure)

 Unknown (DI, AI, communication failure to remote acquisition like IED)
 Toggling (DI, X change of state in given time)
 Over-range (AI, saturation of its transducer, or Counter value reaching limits)
 Open circuit (AI kind 4-20 mA with current value under 4mA)
 Undefined (Digital Measurement or Counter with invalid DI coding)
4.2 OUTPUT CHECK

Digital Output boards are periodically checked at their logical level. In the event of a logical circuit test fail the
board is set faulty, controls on this board or upon disconnected IEDs are refused.
4.3 TIME TAGGING

All physical input data are time tagged at 1 ms accuracy. All internal logic data are time stamped at 1 ms
accuracy.
Analogues acquisition time tagging is done but driven by periodic polling of this kind of board. Periods are
based on multiple of 100ms.
Information coming from IED are time tagged by IED itself if it has this facility otherwise it is performed at
C26x level when receiving the data.
4.4 DIGITAL INPUT ACQUISITION (DI)
4.4.1 ACQUISITION
The DIU200/DIU210/DIU211 (16 DIs) or CCU200, CCU211 (8 DIs + 4 DOs) boards acquire the binary data.
Digital Input (DI) can have the value 1 or 0. The value 1 shows the presence of an external voltage. The
value 0 shows the absence of the external voltage.
When the external voltage is above or below a threshold, the hardware writes the value 1 or 0. The
hardware specification document shows the value of the threshold.
A transition from the value 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0 is usually followed by a succession of transitions (bounces)
before the value stabilises. The software must filter these bounces.
Each change-of-state of a digital input is time-stamped with a resolution better than 1 ms.

Debouncing & Toggle

Filtering for BI Filtering for To BI
BI treatment
Hardware Software Time Debouncing & Special

acquisition acquisition stamping Filtering for treatment To measurements
DM for DM treatment
Debouncing & Special

Filtering for treatment To counters
counters for treatment
counters
C0126ENa
Figure 9: Digital input processing
4.4.2 DEBOUNCING AND FILTERING

A filter is applied on the digital inputs as follows:
Figure 10: Digital input filtering and debouncing
T0 is the instant of detection of the first transition.

T1 is the instant of validation of the change of state.
T2 is the end of the filtering: the signal remained stable from T1 to T2). The change of state is time stamped
at T0.
A value of 0 means that no filter is applied: a change of state is validated as soon as it is detected.
Three pairs (debouncing / filtering) of delays are defined:
 one for all DI that will be used as BI

 one for all DI that will be used as DM
 one for all DI that will be used as counters
4.4.3 TOGGLING
A digital input is said to be toggling if its state has changed more than N times in a given time-period T1.
A toggling DI returns in the normal state if its state has not changed within another time-period T2.
N, T1 and T2 are parameters determined at configuration time on a per system basis (same parameters for all
the DS Agile controllers of a system).

The toggle filtering applies only on DI that will be used as BI (there is no toggle filtering on DI that will be
used for counters or DM).
4.5 COUNTERS ACQUISITION (CT)

The counters are acquired on the same boards as the DIs. There are two types of counters SCT (Single
counter) and DCT (Double counters).
4.5.1 SINGLE COUNTER (SCT)

An SCT is acquired on a single contact. The value of the accumulator is incremented after a low to high
transition, confirmed after a filtering time (Tcount). Tcount is defined for the whole system, with a step of 5 ms:
the chosen value must be coherent with the pulse frequency (that is, all counters of a system use the same
Tcount).
A subsequent pulse can be taken into account only after a high to low transition.
Tcount Tcount
Transition validated,
Low to high transition
counter is incremented
Transition discarded
Low to high transition
C0128ENa
Figure 11: Single counter timing diagram
4.5.2 DOUBLE COUNTER (DCT)

A double counter is acquired on two contacts. One is called the true contact (TC), the other is the
complemented contact (CC). Normally these contacts have complementary states.
Pulses are detected in the same manner as for SCT, on the TC variations, using the Tc0unt delay (the same
Tc0unt value is used for SCT and DCT).
A subsequent pulse can be taken into account only after a high to low transition on TC (and so a low to high
transition on CC).
The difference is that both contacts must be in opposite states for transitions to be detected and validated.
The counter is invalid if there exists a non-complementarity between the 2 contacts during a delay Tdef. This
delay is defined for the whole system (that is, all DCT use the same delay).

Tcount Tcount Tdef

TC
CC
Low to high transition Low to high transition, but no

validated high to low transition
Transition discarded, and before -> Tcount is not launched
high to low transition
Low to high transition Non-complementarity

confirmed, counter is invalid
Transition validated,
counter is incremented Detection of non-complementarity
C0129ENa
Figure 12: Double counter timing diagram
4.6 DIGITAL MEASUREMENT (DM)

The digital measurements (DM) are derived from the Digital Inputs. They are acquired on the same boards
as the DIs. This interface, allowing acquisitions of a digital measurement, is a digital value coded on N wired
inputs. Each wired input represents a bit of the value, and can take only one of two values: low or high.
Digital Measurements are used to process the measurements and tap position indications. A Digital
Measurement can be associated to a Read Inhibit (RI) signal. The acquisition process is different depending
of the presence of this signal.
4.6.1 ACQUISITION WITHOUT READ INHIBIT SIGNAL

The DM is calculated at each change of state of one of its bits.
A stability processing is applied at each calculation to confirm the value:
- if the difference between the current value and the previous confirmed value is less or equal than Vstab
(value defined in configuration), then the current value is confirmed
- if the difference is greater than Vstab, then the Tstab delay is launched (value defined in configuration, from 0
to 60s, with a 10 ms step). If a Tstab delay is already launched, this one is cancelled. At the end of the delay,
the DM value is confirmed.

Confirmed Confirmed Confirmed

DM value DM value DM value
Tstab
Tstab
Bit change => new Bit change => Bit change =>
calculation new calculation new calculation
Δ≤V stab=> confirmed Δ>V stab => Tstab Δ>V stab => Tstab
DM value launched re-launched
Note : Δ= |confirmed DM value – new calculation|

C0130ENa
Figure 13: DM value confirmed
Furthermore, an invalidity processing is applied: at the first change of state of one bit following a confirmed
DM value, the TInv delay is launched (value defined in configuration, from 0 to 300s, with a 10 ms step). If the
value is not confirmed at the end of this delay, the DM is declared UNDEFINED.
TInv
Confirmed
DM value DM UNDEFINED
Tstab
Tstab
Tstab
Bit change => Bit change => Bit change =>

new calculation new calculation new calculation
Δ>V stab => Tstab Δ>V stab => Tstab Δ>V stab => Tstab
launched re-launched re-launched
C0131ENa
Figure 14: DM undefined
If Vstab is equal to 0, there is no stability processing: all DM values are sent at each calculation.

4.6.2 ACQUISITION WITH READ INHIBIT SIGNAL

When the RI signal changes to set state, the Tinh delay is launched. If the signal is always set at the end of
the delay, the DM is declared UNDEFINED. Otherwise, if the RI signal changes to reset state before the end
of the delay, the current DM value is transmitted.
Tinh Tinh
RI
DM value transmitted DM UNDEFINED

C0132ENa
Figure 15: Acquisition with RI
If the RI signal is invalid, the DM will be invalid.
4.6.3 ENCODING
The following codes are allowed for DM:
Code Number of bits (max. 64) Range of value
4 (1 BCD decade) 0 to 9
8 (2 BCD decades) 0 to 99
BCD
16 (4 BCD decades) 0 to 9 999
32 (8 BCD decades) 0 to 99 999 999
64 (16 BCD decades) 0 to 9 999 999 999 999 999
Binary n 0 to 2n-1
Gray n 0 to 2n-1
16
(1 bit among 6 for the tens, 0 to 69
1 bit among 10 for the units)
32
(1 bit among 4 for the thousands,
1 bit among 9 for the hundreds, 0 to 4 999
1 bit among 9 for the tens,
Decimal
64
(1 bit among 9 for the millions,
1 bit among 9 for the hundreds of thousands,
1 bit among 9 for the tens of thousands,
0 to 9 999 999
1 bit among 9 for the thousands,
1 bit among 9 for the hundreds,
1 among N n 0 to n
You can use one extra bit for the sign (0 = positive value, 1 = negative value).

Capability extension for the Tap Position Indication only:

CODE Number of bits Range of value
2 0 to 2
1 among N
to 64 to 0 to 64
4.7 ANALOGUE INPUT ACQUISITION (AI)

The TMU2xx board acquires AC voltages and currents coming from the electrical network.
The AIU201 (4 AIs) or AIU211 (8 AIs) boards acquire DC voltages or currents signals. For them an input
range and an acquisition cycle are configured (refer to C26x/EN AP).
4.7.1 INPUT RANGES

For voltage inputs (AIU201 only):
 [–1.25 V .. +1.25 V]
 [–2.5 V .. +2.5 V]
 [–5 V .. +5 V]
 [–10 V .. +10 V]
For current inputs:
 [–1 mA .. +1 mA]
 [–5 mA .. +5 mA]
 [–10 mA .. +10 mA]
 [–20 mA .. +20 mA]
(see C26x/EN AP for settable sensor ranges)
The saturation value depends on the selected range (see C26x/EN TD).
4.7.2 ACQUISITION CYCLE

The analogue inputs are acquired on a periodical basis. Each channel on a board can be assigned one of
these cycles independently of the other channels.
There exist two acquisition cycles:
 a short cycle (Nsc x 100 ms, Nsc settable from 1 to 10, default value: 1)
 a long cycle (Nlc x 500 ms, Nlc settable from 1 to 20, default value: 2)
4.7.3 SELF-CHECKS
Two kinds of self-checks are performed:
 the board address coherency

 the complementarity control of the measured value
These self-checks are performed at each scan (defined during the configuration phase).
4.7.4 TIME TAGGING

An AI is time stamped with the date/time of the scanned value.

4.8 DIGITAL OUTPUTS (DO)

Digital outputs are used to apply a switching voltage to an external device in order to execute single or dual,
transient or permanent commands. The applied voltage is fed from an external power supply. The external
voltage is connected to the controlled device by a relay, thus isolating the logic part of the board from the
external power supply.
Two types of Digital Outputs are available for the C26x:
 CCU200 boards for controls (8 DIs+4 normal open DOs), this board allows double pole switching
controls.
 DOU200 boards for alarms (8 normal open DOs + 2 normal open/normal close DOs).
4.9 DIGITAL SETPOINTS

Digital setpoints are digital values sent on multiple parallel wired outputs. Each wired output represents a bit
of the value. Digital setpoints are used to send instruction values to the process or to auxiliary devices.
The Digital Setpoints are processed on the same boards as the Digital Outputs. The Digital Outputs
characteristics described above apply on Digital Setpoints. Use only standard DO boards with single pole
N/O relays.
4.9.1 ENCODING
The codes that follow are allowed:
CODE Number of bits (max. 48) Range of values
4 (1 BCD decade) 0 to 9
BCD
16 (4 BCD decades) 0 to 9 999
32 (8 BCD decades) 0 to 99 999 999
48 (12 BCD decades) 0 to 999 999 999 999
Binary n 0 to 2n-1
Gray n 0 to 2n-1
16
(1 bit among 6 for the tens, 0 to 69
32
(1 bit among 4 for the thousands,
1 bit among 9 for the hundreds, 0 to 4 999
Decimal 1 bit among 10 for the units)
48
(1 bit among 2 for the hundreds of thousands,
1 bit among 9 for the tens of thousands,
1 bit among 9 for the thousands, 0 to 299 999
1 bit among 9 for the hundreds,
1 among N n 0 to n
A supplementary bit is for the sign (0 indicates a positive value, 1 indicates a negative value).

4.9.2 READ INHIBIT

A dedicated binary output allows/forbids reading the value by the external device.
There is one (or none) read inhibit (RI) output per value.
If the RI output is a logical one (external polarity applied), the reading is permitted.
The procedure used to output a value with a RI output is:
 Reset the RI output to a logical 0: read forbidden.

 Wait for N ms.
 Output the value.
 Wait for N ms.
 Set the RI output to a logical 1: read permitted.
The 0 to 1 transition on the RI output can be used by the external device as a trigger, indicating that a new
value is available.
Value
Read Inhibit
C0210ENb
Figure 16: Read inhibit signal for a digital setpoint
4.9.3 OPEN / CLOSE SELECT ORDER

An option includes the order-running-SPS: one for the open order control, and one for the close order
control.
The order-running-SPS are available only for Double Point Control (DPC).
When the C26x receives the Select (for SBO control) or the Execute (for DE control) order, and before the
checks, it sets the order-running-SPS to the SET position.
When the C26x receives the control acknowledgement, the C26x sets the order-running-SPS to the RESET
position
In the event of a direct negative acknowledgement, the C26x may set the order-running-SPS to the SET
position and to the RESET position with the same time-stamp.

4.10 ANALOG SETPOINTS

Analog setpoints are measurement values sent on the Analog Osutput board.
These setpoint commands (with analog indication) are received from the Station Control Point (SCP),
Remote Control Point (RCP), or from the local HMI (with LCD).
Analog Setpoints are used to interface auxiliary devices requiring analog inputs (ex: measurement viewers,
Generator)
The Analog Output values are secured with an external power supply that allows you to keep the analog
output value in the event of a C26x shutdown or power off.
A quality indication is available with the additional Read Inhibit output relays (NO) associated to each analog
output.
4.10.1 OUTPUT RANGES

 5 mA, 0 - 5 mA
 10 mA, 0 - 10 mA
4 - 20 mA, 0 - 20 mA,  20 mA
4.10.2 OUTPUT MANAGEMENT

Each current output is individually managed in 2 modes:
 Maintained mode: in the event of a controller shut down or power off, the output level is maintained
(and the Read inhibit relay is set). Only the reception of a new setpoint leads to an output value
modification.
 Un-maintained Mode: in the event of a C26x shutdown or power off, the output is set to 0
The AO is stable 100ms after the order. During Analog output value modification, the “Read Inhibit” relay is
reset (Open) and indicates that the analog output value is not to be used.
Stable Output value modification Stable
Analog
Output
100 ms
10ms 10ms
Set
RI relay
status Reset
C0289ENa

4.10.3 AOU WATCHDOG MANAGEMENT

The AOU board is monitored and the AOU Watchdog (NO relay) resets when:
 The external power supply is off

 The C26x is not operational or powered off (no communication with the CPU board)
 An AOU internal fault is present
Otherwise, the analog output function is valid, the AOU watchdog relay is set.

5 DATA PROCESSING
C26x treatment entries can be Binary Inputs or Analogue Inputs. They are issued from
 IO boards
 C26x internal data: System Input, automation
 Communication acquisition: IED or another controller from LBUS or SBUS
5.1 BINARY INPUT PROCESSING
5.1.1 BINARY INPUT DEFINITION

The five types of Binary Inputs (BI) include:
 Single Point (SP): derived from one BI

 Double Point (DP): derived from two BIs
 Multiple Point (MP): derived from multiple BIs
 System Input (SI): information related to the system, to configurable and built-in automations or to
electrical process but without acquisition possibilities
 Group: logical combination of BIs

SP, DP and MP are acquired with digital input boards or with IEDs connected with a serial link.
After the acquisition on the digital input boards, the controller performs toggle filtering. When an input has a
hazardous behaviour, such as more than N state changes during a given duration, toggle filtering prevents
the input to load into the controller or into other devices.
5.1.1.1 TOGGLING INPUT

A binary input is said to be toggling if its state has changed more than N times within a given time-period T.
After the acquisition on digital inputs boards, the controller performs toggle filtering, this avoids loading the
controller itself or other equipment when an input has a hazardous behaviour
An SP associated with a toggling Binary Input is in the TOGGLING state.
A DP or an MP whose one of the associated DI is toggling ist in the TOGGLING state.
5.1.1.2 SUPPRESSION
A binary input can be suppressed by an order issued from an operator. No subsequent change of state on a
suppressed BI can trigger any action: for example, display, alarm, transmission. The BI takes the
“SUPPRESSED” state. When the operator un-suppresses the BI, this one takes its actual state.
5.1.1.3 SUBSTITUTION
A BI can be substituted to a manual set state by an operator (state “SUBSTITUTED xxx”). The BI stays in the
state determined by the operator until s/he un-substitutes it. When a BI is substituted, no changes of state
are transmitted, and computations, for instance groupings, are made with the substituted state. When the BI
is un-substituted, the actual state is transmitted to higher control levels and subsequent changes of state are
transmitted again.
5.1.1.4 FORCING
When data is invalid: that is, SELFCHECK FAULTY, TOGGLING, UNDEFINED or UNKNOWN; it can be
manually forced by an operator (state “FORCED xxx”). This feature is similar to the substitution but the data
is automatically updated when valid data is available again. A SUPPRESSED or SUBSTITUTED datapoint

cannot be forced. The forcing could also be automatic: in this event, the invalid data is automatically
replaced by the state defined in configuration.
5.1.1.5 TRANSMISSION
By configuration, a BI could be transmitted on a client-server basis on the station bus using the two modes:
 Report based mode: in this mode, a confirmed change of status is spontaneously transmitted to the
subscribers with the time stamping and the reason for change. The Report mode is used to transmit
filtered data for displaying, printing and archiving.
 GOOSE based mode: in this mode, the change of status is transmitted in multicast to the configured
receivers. On an IEC 61850-8-1 network, all types of BI can be transmitted using GOOSE. Only the BI
unfiltered states are transmitted with their time stamping, the reason for change is not. The GOOSE
mode is used to transmit data as soon as possible after their acquisition and as quickly as possible, for
automation purpose.
5.1.2 PROCESSING OF SINGLE POINT STATUS
DI/DO
association
Group
processing
From Toggle
acquisition filtering Manual
suppression Persistance
filtering Transmission – To RCP
Substitution Report based To HMI
From IED IED To Printer
inputs To Archive
Forcing
System
Inputs
Transmission –
GOOSE based To
automation
C0133ENa
Figure 17: single point status processing
A preliminary treatment (filtering) is applied to specific Single Points (SP) in order to confirm the state.
The choice of these SPs and the filtering time are fixed by the C26x configuration. If the opposite transition
occurs before this delay, both transitions are discarded.
This treatment is called persistent filtering.
 The status is stamped with the time of the transition.

The SP resulting states include:

States (Report) Goose
RESET 01
SET 10
TOGGLING 11
SELFCHECK FAULTY 11
UNKNOWN 11
SUPPRESSED 11
FORCED RESET 01
FORCED SET 10
SUBSTITUTED RESET 01
SUBSTITUTED SET 10
For automation (interlock, PSL, PLC, and built in functions), GOOSE are used. Each valid state (01, 10 and
00) can be set so as to be seen by the automation as a False, True or Invalid state.
5.1.2.1 PERSISTENCE FILTERING

For some SP, a transition must be confirmed on a given time-period. If the opposite transition occurs before
this time, both transitions are discarded.
Two time-out values can be associated with each SP:
 TS: delay for the SET state confirmation

 TR: delay for the RESET state confirmation
Both delays are in the range 0 to 120 s by step of 100 ms. A value of 0 means that no filter is applied.
The time tag is user-selectable:
 Mode 1: the status is stamped with the time of the transition.

 Mode 2: the status is stamped at the end of the persistent filtering.

TS TS
TR TR
SET
SP before filtering
RESET
SET
SP after filtering, mode 1
RESET
SET
SP after filtering, mode 2
RESET
t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
• t0 : RESET to SET transition

• t1 : SET to RESET transition ; SET state not confirmed. The
transition is discarded (TR is not launched because there is no
change of state).
• t2 : RESET to SET transition
• t3 : SET state confirmed (stamped t2 if mode 1, stamped t3 if mode 2)
• t4 : SET to RESET transition
• t5: RESET to SET transition ; RESET state not confirmed. The
transition is discarded (TS is not launched because there is no
change of state).
• t6 : SET to RESET transition
• t7 : RESET state confirmed (stamped t6 if mode 1, stamped t7 if
mode 2) C0310ENa
Figure 18: persistence filtering
5.1.2.2 DI/DO ASSOCIATION FOR SP

The aim of this automation is to create a direct association between a Single Point and a Digital Output: a
state change on the input produces the opening of the closure of the output.
The relation between the state and the order is defined during the configuration phase.

5.1.3 PROCESSING OF DOUBLE POINT STATUS

A DP is derived from two Digital Inputs. One is called the Closed contact, the other one is the Open contact.
Close DI/DO
contact association
From Toggle
acquisition filtering Group
processing
Open Persistance
Manual
contact Toggle filtering
suppression
From filtering Motion
acquisition filtering
Substitution
Transmission – To RCP
Report based To HMI
From IED IED Forcing
To Printer
inputs To Archive
System
Inputs
Transmission –
GOOSE based To
automation
C0134ENa
Figure 19: Double point status processing
DPS are commonly used for all switchgears position. From board valid acquisition the two contacts are Close
and Open (set by configuration when voltage is present). The position of the switch is:
Close Contact Open Contact DPS State
Below motion delay, the state is valid motion. For REPORT no
0 0 transmission of the transitory state.
After Motion filtering, state is invalid JAMMED
0 1 OPEN
1 0 CLOSE
1 1 UNDEFINED after a permanent filtering
Preliminary treatment (filtering) for some DPs is applied to filter the MOTION state on a given time-period.
This avoids the transmission of this (normally) transient state.
This treatment is called motion filtering.
 Mode 1: the valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) is stamped with the time of the beginning of the MOTION
state
 Mode 2: the valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) is stamped with the time of this valid transition
This time stamping can be superseded if a persistence filtering applies.
If the MOTION state is confirmed, it is always stamped with the time of the beginning of the MOTION state.
Furthermore, the BI takes the state JAMMED (in the event of a confirmed MOTION00 state) or UNDEFINED
(in the event of a confirmed MOTION11 state). In this event, the following valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) is
always time-stamped with the time of this valid transition (depending on the persistence filtering feature).

5.1.3.1 MOTION FILTERING

For some DP, the MOTION state must be filtered during a given time-period in order to avoid the
transmission of this (normally) transient state.
Two time-out values can be associated with each DP:
 T00: delay for the MOTION00 state filtering

 T11: delay for the MOTION11 state filtering
 Mode 1: the valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) is stamped with the time of the beginning of the MOTION
state
 Mode 2: the valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) is stamped with the time of this valid transition
This time stamping can be superseded if a persistence filtering applies.
If the MOTION state is confirmed, it is always stamped with the time of the beginning of the MOTION state.
Furthermore, the BI takes the state JAMMED (in the event of a confirmed MOTION00 state) or UNDEFINED
(in the event of a confirmed MOTION11 state). In this event, the following valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) is
always time-stamped with the time of this valid transition (depending on the persistence filtering feature).
OPEN
T00 T00 T11 T11
CLOSE
t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8
• t0 : MOTION00 transition
• t1 : MOTION00 state not confirmed, CLOSE state time-stamped t0 if mode 1, t1 if mode 2
(if no persistence filtering applies)
• t3 : MOTION00 state confirmed, state JAMMED time-stamped t2
• t4 : OPEN transition, time-stamped t4 whatever was the mode (if no persistence filtering applies)
• t6 : MOTION11 state not confirmed
• t8 : MOTION11 state confirmed, state UNDEFINED time-stamped t8 C0311ENa
Figure 20: Motion filtering
5.1.3.2 DP PERSISTENCE FILTERING

For some DP, a valid state (OPEN or CLOSE) must be confirmed on a given time-period. If a transition
occurs before this delay, the state is discarded.
Two time-out values can be associated with each DP:
 TC: delay for the CLOSE state confirmation

 T0: delay for the OPEN state confirmation

 Mode 1: the status is stamped with the time of the transition

 Mode 2: the status is stamped at the end of the delay.
Note: If a persistence filtering is applied, the OPEN or CLOSE state cannot be time-stamped from the beginning of
non-complementarity: that is, mode 1 of motion filtering cannot apply.
TO TO
OPEN
TC TC
CLOSE
t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
• t0 : CLOSE transition
• t1 : CLOSE state not confirmed
• t2 : CLOSE transition
• t3 : CLOSE state confirmed (stamped t2 if mode 1, stamped t3 if mode 2)
• t4 : OPEN transition
• t5 : OPEN state not confirmed
• t6 : OPEN transition
• t7 : OPEN state confirmed (stamped t6 if mode 1, stamped t7 if mode 2)
C0312ENa
Figure 21: DP persistence filtering
The DP resulting states are:

States (report) Goose
JAMMED 11
MOTION 00
OPEN 10
CLOSE 01
UNDEFINED 11
TOGGLING 11
SELFCHECK FAULTY 11
UNKNOWN 11
SUPPRESSED 11
FORCED JAMMED 11
FORCED OPEN 10
FORCED CLOSED 01
SUBSTITUTED JAMMED 11
SUBSTITUTED OPEN 10
SUBSTITUTED CLOSED 01

5.1.3.3 DI/DO ASSOCIATION FOR DP

The aim of this automation is to create a direct association between a Double Point and a Digital Output: a
state change on the input produces the opening or the closure of the output.
The relation between the state and the order is defined during the configuration phase.
5.1.3.4 MOTION STATES MANAGEMENT

MOTION states are the valid intermediate states of the Double Point Status (DPS), when the DPS state
changes from OPEN to CLOSE or from CLOSE to OPEN. MOTION states are not managed in the event of a
REPORT data transmission.
In the event of a GOOSE data transmission, a new MOTION states management exists:
 MOTION states are transmitted only in GOOSE transmission mode.

 The quality value for MOTION states: q = 0x0000
 The quality value for JAMMED states: q = 0x0000
 The quality value for UNDEFINED states: q = 0x0000
 stVal values are the same as the previous values.
The codes for the DPS data on the C26x server, on IEC 61850-8-1, and on IEC 61850-8-1 clients show in
the table that follows:
Server Data on IEC 61850-8-1 Server Client
Acquired state Resulting state Resulting state
stVal Quality
C26x C26x OI/Gateway PC
MOTION00 All bits = 0 MOTION00
0x00 N/A
(GOOSE only) q= 0x0000 (GOOSE only)
B1=1, other bits = 0
JAMMED 0x00 JAMMED JAMMED
q= 0x4000
All bits = 0
OPEN 0x40 OPEN OPEN
q= 0x0000
All bits = 0
CLOSED 0x80 CLOSED CLOSED
q= 0x0000
MOTION11 All bits = 0 MOTION11
0xC0 N/A
(GOOSE only) q= 0x0000 (GOOSE only)
B1=1, other bits = 0
UNDEFINED 0xC0 UNDEFINED UNDEFINED
q= 0x4000
N/A: Not Applicable
5.1.4 PROCESSING OF MULTIPLE POINT STATUS

A Multiple Point (MP) is derived from N Digital Inputs. It could be also called “1 among N” BIs. Transient
filtering is also added on acquisition for the events where no Digital Inputs is SET or more than one Digital
Inputs are SET. After this delay, the MP becomes UNDEFINED.
N is fixed by C26x configuration from 2 to 32. There is no GOOSE transmission mechanism.
You can use an MP in two ways:
 As a status (MPS): in this event, N is as many as 16

 As a value, only for TPI: in this event, N is as many as 64

contact 1
Toggle
From
filtering
acquisition
contact N Manual
Toggle suppression
From
filtering
acquisition Transmission –
Substitution MP filtering Report based
Forcing
System
Inputs
C0135ENa
Figure 22: Multi point status processing
5.1.4.1 MULTIPLE POINT RESULTING STATES

The MP resulting states, following the various filters that can be applied, are:
 STATE1 to STATE32
 UNDEFINED
 TOGGLING
 SELFCHECK FAULTY
 UNKNOWN
 SUPPRESSED
 FORCED STATE1 to FORCED STATE32
 SUBSTITUTED STATE1 to SUBSTITUTED STATE32
Note 1: State names that will be displayed at the user interface are defined at configuration time.
Note 2: For TPI states, refer to TPI section.

5.1.4.2 MULTIPLE POINT FILTERING

MP is not being considered in the UNDEFINED state if the position has changed by more than one step.
MP is UNDEFINED after a user selectable time filtering (from 0 to 60 seconds, step 100 ms) when no DI is in
the SET state (all RESET) or if more than one are in the SET state:
Time-out Time-out
undefined
MP before
filtering
valid
undefined
MP after
filtering valid
C0313ENa
Figure 23: multiple point filtering
The MP is time-tagged with the date of the last BI change.
5.1.5 COUNTING
The DIU interface allows acquisitions of pulses delivered from energy metering devices corresponding to a
calibrated quantity of energy.
Each valid pulse increments the value of an accumulator used to compute the quantity of energy delivered
during a given period.
The pulse frequency should be 20 Hz as a maximum. So, the debouncing and filtering values must be
chosen accordingly.
Continuous register Scaling

From counters
acquisition
+
+1
Accumulator Transmission
= To RCP
To HMI
To archive
Periodic register Scaling To automation
in
24h - FIFO
C0195ENa
Figure 24: Counter processing

 The accumulator is incremented at each valid counter pulse.

 The periodic register is used to store the accumulator value of the previous period.
 The continuous register is used to store the accumulator value since the origin.
 The FIFO memory is used to store the periodic register of each period (up to 16 counters), during 24h.
Periodic processing
A period is defined either:
 By an external pulse on a digital input.

 By the internal clock: the period length is settable: 10', 15', 30', 1h to 24h , each period begins at a
regular hour: 12:00 , 12:30 , 13:00 ...
This choice is defined during the configuration phase on a per controller basis. The period delimiter is also
defined at configuration time for each counter.
At each period:
 The content of the accumulator is added to the continuous register.

 The content of the accumulator is transferred to the periodic register.
 The content of the periodic register is inserted into the FIFO queue.
 The accumulator is reset to 0 (a pending pulse is not lost).
 Either the continuous register or the periodic register is transmitted. The choice is made by
configuration on a per accumulator basis.
If the chosen transmitted register reaches its maximum value (232), the counter status is set to
OVERRANGE. Only a counter modification can re-validate the counter.
Scaling
Scaling is used for printing or displaying a counter. EPI is a parameter giving the amount of energy in KW-h
or KVAR-h equivalent to a pulse. The displayed value is:
N x EPI KW-h
With N = the value of a counter.
Transmission
The counters are transmitted on a client-server basis over the IEC 61850-8-1 network using the report
mechanism.
During a loss of communication between a client and a server, all server counters are set to UNKNOWN on
the client.
The counter information transmitted in a report is:
 the number of pulses (i.e. accumulator value before scaling)

 the real value
 the time stamping (in GMT time) and time quality
 the resulting state (mapped on the quality field on IEC 61850-8-1)
 the reason for change, which could be one of the following values:
 cyclic change (set if the value has changed)
 change of quality (set if the quality has changed)
 change due to control (set if the value or quality change is due to a control)

Counter modification
When an accumulator value is modified, the request is immediately taken into account. The continuous
register is set with the accumulator value.
The modification might be a reset of the counter.
5.1.6 SYSTEM INPUTS (SI)

System inputs (SI) are binary information related to:
 An equipment or system internal state, such as hardware faults or system faults

 A configurable or built-in automation (status of the automation, binary input created by the automation,
…)
 Electrical process data that have no acquisition possibilities: no acquisition through DI or through
serial communication. However, they must be managed by the C26x. The status of this data are saved
in non-volatile memory.
An SI is of SP, DP or MP type and can belong to any type of group.
The processing of a SI is given in the SP / DP / MP data flow.
5.1.7 IED INPUTS

These inputs are acquired from IEDs or protective relays via serial links.
If they are not time tagged by the IED, they are by the controller at the time of reception. This must be
configured for each IED.
An IED input is of SP, DP or MP type.
Double inputs can be processed in IEDs. If they are not, the controller must receive each individual input and
perform the DP processing. This must be configured for each IED.
The processing of an IED input is given in the SP / DP / MP data flow.
5.1.8 GROUP PROCESSING

A group is a logical OR, AND, NOR or NAND combination of Binary Inputs (BIs) or groups.
A group component can be a SP, DP (direct or via IED), SI, Group. A component can belong to several
groups.
A group is processed as a SP. It is time stamped with the date / time of the last data-point that has modified
the group status.
A group is calculated with filtered BIs (persistent filtering or motion filtering if configured). Other controller BIs
coming from reports.
The binary inputs states are taken into account as follows:
Single Point Status treated in a group as
SET, FORCED SET,
Set
SUBSTITUTED SET
RESET, FORCED RESET, SUBSTITUTED RESET Reset
Selfcheck Faulty, Toggling, Unknown Invalid
Suppressed Suppressed
Double Point Status treated in a group as

Close, FORCED CLOSE, SUBSTITUTED CLOSE Set
Open, FORCED OPEN, SUBSTITUTED OPEN Reset

Double Point Status treated in a group as

Jammed, FORCED JAMMED, SUBSTITUTED JAMMED,
Invalid
Undefined, Selfcheck Faulty, Toggling, Unknown
OR Set Reset Invalid Suppressed

Set Set Set Set Set
Reset Set Reset Invalid Reset
Invalid Set Invalid Invalid Invalid
Suppressed Set Reset Invalid Suppressed
AND Set Reset Invalid Suppressed

Set Set Reset Invalid Set
Reset Reset Reset Reset Reset
Invalid Invalid Reset Invalid Invalid
Suppressed Set Reset Invalid Suppressed
NOT
Set Reset
Reset Set
Invalid Invalid
SP and SI from different hierarchical levels can be mixed, for instance a group at substation controller level
can be composed of SP acquired at bay controller level or at substation controller level.
A group is time stamped with the date / time of the last datapoint that has modified the group status.
5.1.9 SBMC MODE PROCESSING

When a Bay is in Site Based Maintenance Control (SBMC) mode, the Binary Inputs (related to this Bay and
defined as “SBMC-dependent”) take the forced state defined in the configuration.
This forced information is delivered to the Remote Control Point (RCP) as long as the SBMC mode is active
on the Bay.
For a group a special feature is implemented: a BI belonging to a group, that is dependent of SBMC bay
state, is not taken into account in group computation if the bay is set in SBMC mode. If all the BI of a group
belong to one or more bays, that are all in SBMC mode, the group is then in the suppressed state. At the end
of a bay SBMC mode, all groups owning BI of this bay are re-computed.
5.1.10 BI SENT TO AUTOMATISM FEATURES

In event that an automatism operates on a client controller, with BI information coming from a server
controller, BI are generally transmitted in the GOOSE based mode. In some events where the GOOSE
based mode is not used, BI information received by IEC 61850-8-1 reports must be used in automatism
features.
In any events where GOOSE based mode and report based mode are used at the same time, the BI
information used is the one receive by GOOSE (faster transmission than reports).

5.2 MEASUREMENT INPUT PROCESSING

Measurement Value can be Analogue Measurement, or Digital Measurement.
Analogue Measurements are acquired from communication or from controller boards:
 For DC: AIU201 or AIU211

 For AC: TMU2xx.
Digital Measurement comes from Digital input boards.
5.2.1 MEASUREMENT INPUT PROCESSING - FOCUS

We examine four areas of focus, as follows:
Figure 25: Measurement value processing
 Focus 1: Analogue measurement processing as far as threshold detection

 Focus 2: Digital measurement processing up to threshold detection
 Focus 3: CT / VT measurement processing up to threshold detection
 Focus 4: All measurement values, from threshold detection to transmission

5.2.2 FOCUS 1: ANALOGUE MEASUREMENT PROCESSING UP TO THRESHOLD

DETECTION
A measurement value is processed as shown below:
Figure 26: Process of a measurement value
5.2.2.1 OPEN CIRCUIT MANAGEMENT

For 4-20 mA transducers, a special feature is implemented to avoid fleeting values around 4 mA:
 in the range [0 .. 3 mA ], the measurement value is set to 0 and the status is set to OPEN CIRCUIT,
 in the range [3 .. 4 mA], the analogue input is considered to be equal to 0 mA.
5.2.2.2 SCALING
The real value represented by the measurement can be computed by a linear or a quadratic transformation:
 Linear, single slope

Value = A*X + B
 Linear, multi-segment
Value = Ai*X + Bi with XiX<Xi+1 .
As many as 20 configurable segments [Xi .. Xi+1]
 Quadratic
Value = or with offset:
Value =
Transformation law and A / B coefficients are defined in configuration.

5.2.2.3 ZERO VALUE SUPPRESSION

The function Y=f(X) representative of this processing is defined as follows:
if X[ -deadband/2, +deadband/2]  Y=0 and state = VALID
if X[ -deadband/2, +deadband/2]  Y=X and state = VALID

Notes:
X is an analogue measurement
deadband is a percentage of the full scale value of the measurement. These two parameters have to be set
during the configuration of the controller.
Y
Zero value
X Y
suppression
zero suppression
area
- deadband/2
+ deadband/2
C0359ENa
Figure 27: Zero value suppression

5.2.3 FOCUS 2: DIGITAL MEASUREMENT PROCESSING UP TO THRESHOLD

DETECTION
A Digital Measurement is derived from a Digital input. Digital Measurements are used for process measures
or Tap indications.
For the conditions that follow, the DM is UNDEFINED:
 The value is not stable.

 BCD: a quartet is more than 9
 Decimal: no bit is set or more than one for tens or unit.
Two others bits can be used:
 For read inhibit: in this event, the DM is acquired when the Read Inhibit bit is set.
 For the sign.

5.2.4 FOCUS 3: TMU2XX - CT/VT MEASUREMENT PROCESSING UP TO THRESHOLD

DETECTION
from IED
acquisition
from analogue Open circuit Zero value

acquisition Scaling
management suppression
from digital Threshold

Scaling
acquisition detection
Manual
suppression
from CT/VT CT/VT
Substitution
3 acquisition calculations
Forcing
3 Transmission
to:
RCP
HMI
Printer
Archive
Automation
C0136ENf
It is impossible to connect the controllers directly to the high voltage electrical network. The controllers
receive the data from the Current Transformers (CT) and from Voltage Transformers (VT) installed on the
TMU2XX boards.
The purposes of the CT and VT include:
 To deliver current and voltage data that gives a reliable picture of what happens in the high voltage
part of an electrical substation
 To make the galvanic insulation between the high voltage part and the measurement and protection
circuits,
 To protect the measurement circuits against damage when a fault comes onto the high voltage
network.
A given electrical network sends voltage (V) and current (I) data to a CT / VT inputs acquisition function
installed on a TMU2XX board.
From the output of the CT / VT inputs acquisitions function, these samples become inputs of the CT / VT
calculation function
The CT / VT calculation function performs basic mathematical processing on the stored samples and gives
this set of computed measurements, such as power, frequency, and so on, to the C26x main CPU, the
Power PC (PPC).
These measurements are used for the protection function and for the Internal Synchrocheck, Type 1, 2 and
3.
Please refer to:
 Figure 30: Overview: TMU200 or TMU220 Board – CT / VT Calculations

 Figure 31: Overview: TMU210 Board – CT / VT Calculations

TMU200/TMU220 Board CPU270 Board

CT / VT
CT / VT
Calculation
Inputs
Function
Acquisition
Function
OUTPUT
DSP
OUTPUT
INPUT
Conventional INPUT
Inputs: TMU200 PPC
Daughter
Voltage (V) and 4 CT / 4 VT
Current (I) data Board
TMU220
(DSP200/
4 CT / 5 VT
DSP220)
Set of computed
Samples measurements
C0457ENb
Figure 30: Overview: TMU200 or TMU220 board - CT / VT calculations
TMU210 Board CPU270 Board

CT / VT CT / VT
Inputs Calculation
Acquisition Function
Function
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
INPUT
Conventional DSPIO
INPUT
Inputs: TMU210 PPC

Voltage (V) and 4 CT / 4 VT Daughter
Current (I) data
Board
(DSP210)
20100706-01-RN
Set of computed
Samples measurements
C1035ENb
Figure 31: Overview: TMU210 board – CT / VT calculations

5.2.5 FOCUS 4: TMU2XX - CT / VT CALCULATIONS - GENERAL

The voltage measurements come from the VT installed on the TMU2XX boards. There are 3 possibilities for
the number of busbar voltages and protection attributes of the controller.
Wired Busbar voltage Protection
CTVT Board Busbar selection Synchrocheck (SC)
number attributes
TMU200 1 No External Type 1 (standard)
TMU210 1 Yes External Type 2
TMU220 2 No Internal Type 1 (standard)
CT / VT measurements are provided by 3 pairs, or combinations, of boards:
 TMU200 (4 CT and 4 VT) + DSP (DSP200 daughter board mounted on the CPU270 board)
 TMU210 (4 CT and 4 VT) + DSPIO (DSP210 daughter board mounted on the CPU270 board)
 TMU220 (4 CT and 5 VT) + DSP (DSP220 daughter board mounted on the CPU270 board)
For the TMU200 and TMU220:
The TMU200 and the TMU220 boards have the same hardware attributes, except that TMU220 has one
more VT.
The DSP board computes the samples from the TMU200 and TMU220 and sends the set of computed
measurements to the PPC processor on the CPU270 board.
Please refer to Figure 32: Detail: TMU200 and TMU220 Boards – CT / VT Calculations
TMU200/TMU220 Board CPU270 Board
Va or Vab CT / VT
CT / VT Calculation
Vb or Vbc Inputs Function
Vc or Vca Acquisition
Function
OUTPUT
DSP
OUTPUT
INPUT
Vr or Vbusbar1
INPUT
Vbusbar2 only for TMU220 PPC

TMU200 Daughter
Ia 4 CT / 4 VT Board
Ib TMU220 (DSP200/
Ic 4 CT / 5 VT DSP220)
Io
Conventional
Inputs: Set of computed
Voltage (V) and Samples measurements
Current (I) data
C0459ENc
Figure 32: Detail: TMU200 and TMU 220 boards - CT / VT calculations

TMU200 board – Signals, Ratings, and Range:
Signals Ratings Range

VAN, VBN, VCN, V0/Vbusbar1 57 V to 130 V
IA, IB, IC, I0 1 A or 5 A
TMU220 board – Signals, Ratings, and Range:

VAN, VBN, VCN, V0/Vbusbar1, Vbusbar2 57 V to 480 V
IA, IB, IC, I0 1 A or 5 A
For the TMU210:

The hardware attributes of the TMU210 are different and oriented towards protection.
The DSPIO board computes the samples from the TMU210 analogue inputs, and from the digital inputs and
digital outputs located on the DSPIO board. The DSPIO Board sends the set of computed measurements to
the C26x-PowerPC (PPC) – CPU270.
Please refer to: Figure 33: Detail: TMU210 Board – CT / VT Calculations
TMU210 Board CPU270 Board
Va or Vab CT / VT CT / VT
Vb or Vbc Inputs Calculation
Acquisition Function
Vc or Vca
Function OUTPUT
OUTPUT
INPUT
Vo or Vbusbar DSPIO
INPUT
PPC
TMU210
4 CT / 4 VT Daughter
Ia
Board
Ib
Ic (DSP210)
Io
Conventional
Inputs: Set of computed
Voltage (V) and Samples measurements
Current (I) data
C0460ENb
Figure 33: Detail: TMU210 board - CT / VT calculations

VAN, VBN, VCN, V0/Vbusbar NA 57 V to 130 V
IA, IB, IC 1 A or 5 A 0.1 to 40 In
I0 nomimal: 1 A or 5 A
I0 nomimal: Normal 0.1 to 40 I0n
I0 nomimal: Sensitive 0.01 to 8 I0n
I0 nomimal: Very sensitive 0.002 to 1 I0n

CT / VT Functions
These functions use the measurements from the TMU2XX boards:
 Internal synchrocheck: Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3

 Protection
 Waveform
The CT/VT measurements can be included in the waveform function.
2 types of waveform are defined: Fast waveform and Slow waveform.
Internal S/C Internal S/C Internal S/C Fast waveform Slow wave-
Board Protection
Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 (Dist. rec.) form
DSP +
TMU200 or X X X
DSP200
DSPIO +
TMU210 or X X X X X
DSP210
DSP +
TMU220 or X X X X
DSP220
The measurements available as slow waveforms depend on the TMUxxx board used.
5.2.6 TMU200 AND TMU220: CT / VT CALCULATIONS – INPUTS: CONFIGURATION

In agreement with the electrical system configuration, these parameters are defined:
 Nominal Network frequency: 50 or 60 Hz

 Nominal voltage of the VT: 57-130 V or 220-480 V
 Nominal current of the CT: 1 A or 5 A
 Connection type: wye (star) or delta
 Reading cycle measurement: from the UC
 Measurement quality when missing: FAULTY or VALID value 0
 Reference voltage
 Phase reference side, for synchrocheck
 Voltage ref change mode for frequency tracking: current or default.

5.2.7 TMU200 AND TMU220: CT / VT CALCULATIONS - INPUTS: SAMPLES

The inputs of the CT / VT Calculation function (issued from the Conventional CT/VT inputs) include:
In the event of a star (wye) coupling:
 Samples of IA
 Samples of VAN
 Samples of IB
 Samples of VBN
 Samples of IC
 Samples of VCN
 Samples of IN
 Samples of Vbusbar1 (or of V0) if the synchrocheck function is enabled
 Samples of Vbusbar2 if the synchrocheck function is enabled
 Validity of each sample.
In the event of a delta coupling:
 Samples of IA
 Samples of IB
 Samples of IC
 Samples of IN
 Samples of VAB
 Samples of VBC
 Samples of VCA
 Samples of Vbusbar1
 Samples of Vbusbar2
64 samples per period are available.

5.2.8 TMU200 AND TMU220: CT / VT CALCULATIONS – OUTPUTS: SET OF

MEASUREMENTS
The CT / VT calculation function provides the following values:
 RMS currents and voltages

 Frequency
 Active power P (Watts – total and on a per phase basis)
 Reactive power Q (Vars – total and on a per phase basis)
 Apparent power S (VA – total and on a per phase basis)
 Power factor pf (total and on a per phase basis) – pf = P / S
 Sequence components: I1, I2, I0, V1, V2
 Phase angles
 Total Harmonic Distortion (THD, sum of all voltage harmonics) & Total Demand Distortion (TDD, sum
of all current harmonics referenced to a rated current In) – Harmonics are evaluated through to the
15th order.
 Fundamental (H1 harmonic) of phase A current

 Fundamental (H1 harmonic) of phase B current
 Fundamental (H1 harmonic) of phase C current
 Fundamental (H1 harmonic) of phase A voltage
 Fundamental (H1 harmonic) of phase B voltage
 Fundamental (H1 harmonic) of phase C voltage
 Fundamental measurements
 Synchrocheck data: ΔF ΔV ΔΦ
 With the synchrocheck option, the values that follow are computed:
 Slip frequency
 Amplitude
 Phase difference
 Synchrocheck voltage
These measurements are available to the PPC at every measurement reading cycle defined by the
configuration.
A configuration option [ meas quality when missing ] allows to choose 2 different behaviours when all the
Input signals disappear: all below the minimum thresholds, 10 V for voltage and 100 mA for current:
 Behaviour 1: the measurements associated with the acquired signals are set to value 0 and state
VALID
 Behaviour 2: the measurements associated with the acquired signals are set to value 0 and state
FAULTY

5.2.9 TMU200 AND TMU220: MEASUREMENTS - GENERAL

Whatever the signal frequency, 64 samples are available for all the input signals.
All these samples are gathered in a revolving list stored in active memory.
A timer is adapted permanently to the frequency of the signal and provides the frequency measurement
The primary measurements that follow are derived from sample values:
 RMS Current and Voltage

 P: Active Power (Watts)
 Q: Vars (using Active Power calculation method with the voltage samples delayed by 90)
The measurements that follow are obtained from the Fourier of sample values or the Fourier values of the
above-derived measurements (DFT).
 Sequence Components (I1, I2, I0, V1, V2, V0)

 Fundamental and harmonics
 Phase angles
 Power Factor
 SVA
 THD and TDD
 Specials (for products with synchrocheck)
5.2.10 TMU200 AND TMU220: LIST OF MEASUREMENTS

Measurements Star Delta Accuracy (TMU220) Unit id
RMS phase currents F < 70Hz:
IA measured measured I < In: 0.2% In 7
IB measured measured I > In: 0.2% In Amps 8
IC measured measured F>70Hz: 9
IN derived derived I < In: 4% In 10
"Ibusbar" (IN) measured measured I > In: 4% In 184
RMS phase volts F < 70Hz
VAN measured V < 45V: 0.3% 45 V 0
VBN measured 45V < V < 200V: 0.2% Vn 1
VCN measured Not available V>200V: 0.3% Vn Volts 2
V0 derived F>70Hz 3
Vbusbar1 measured V < 45V: 4% Vn 3
Vbusbar2 measured V > 45V: 4% Vn 185
RMS phase volts F < 70Hz

4
VAB measured V < 45V: 0.3% 45 V
derived 5
VBC measured 45V < V < 200V: 0.2% Vn
derived 6
VCA measured V > 200V: 0.3% Vn Volts
derived 3
V0 derived F>70Hz
derived 3
Vbusbar1 measured V < 45V: 4% 45 V
185
Vbusbar2 measured V > 45V: 4% Vn
Frequency derived derived Hertz 36


Phase A power
Active power (P) measured Watts 11
Reactive power (Q) measured Vars 12
Not available
Apparent power (S) derived VA 13
Cos phi derived 14
angle derived Deg. 15
Phase B power
Not available
Cos phi derived 19
Phase C power
Not available
Cos phi derived 24
Power
Not available
Cos phi derived 34
Total power
Active power (P) Watts 26
Reactive power (Q) Vars 27
derived derived
Apparent power (S) VA 28
Cos phi 29
angle Deg. 30
V Sequence components
Direct (V1) 175
Inverse (V2) DFT derived Not available volts 176
Homopolar (V0) 177
ratio 178
I Sequence components
Direct (I1) 179
Inverse (I2) DFT derived DFT derived Amps 180
Homopolar (I0) 181
ratio 182
Harmonics for VAN
Fundamental 186
DFT DFT Volts
15 Harmonic 40->53
distortion ratio 54
Harmonics for VBN
Fundamental 187
DFT DFT Volts
15 Harmonic 55->68
distortion ratio 69
Harmonics for VCN
Fundamental 188
DFT DFT Volts
15 Harmonic 70->83
distortion ratio 84
Harmonics for VAB
Fundamental
DFT DFT Volts
15 Harmonic 85->98
distortion ratio 99


Harmonics for VBC
Fundamental
DFT DFT Volts
15 Harmonic 100->113
distortion ratio 114
Harmonics for VCA
Fundamental
DFT DFT Volts
Harmonics for IA
Fundamental 189
DFT DFT Amps
Harmonics for IB
Fundamental 190
DFT DFT Amps
Harmonics for IC
Fundamental 191
DFT DFT Amps
Delta F derived derived Hertz 37
Delta phi derived derived Deg. 38
Delta V derived derived Volts 39
5.2.11 TMU200 AND TMU220: ALGORITHMS

Frequency
The frequency is directly computed through the timer frequency.
The reference phase used to set the timer frequency is chosen in the configuration (“reference phase”).
Frequency tracking is performed according to the following order:
1 on reference voltage defined in configuration (highest priority)
2 Vbusbar
3 Vbusbar2 (if a TMU220 board is used and the 5th VT is configured)
4 VBN (VBC) then VCN (VCA) if the reference voltage is VAN (VAB)
VCN (VCA) then VAN (VAB) if the reference voltage is VBN (VBC)
VAN (VAB) then VBN (VBC) if the reference voltage is VCN (VCA)
5 I1
6 I2
7 I3
8 I4 (lowest priority)
A configuration option (“voltage ref change mode”) allows choosing between 2 different behaviours for
frequency tracking:
 Behaviour 1 – Default Voltage Reference (default value):

 When the signal with the highest priority disappears, frequency tracking is performed on the signal
with next priority.
 When a signal with a higher priority appears, frequency tracking is performed on this signal, even if
the current reference signal is still present.

 Behaviour 2 – Current Voltage Reference:

 When the signal with the highest priority disappears, frequency tracking is performed on the signal
with next priority.
 Even when a signal with a higher priority appears, frequency tracking remains on the current
reference signal.
In both cases, during the reference change computation (about 3 seconds), all the measurements are
considered INVALID (SELFCHECK FAULT).
Main principle of the frequency tracking algorithm
The value of the phase angle and the magnitude of the fundamental component of the selected signal are
computed for each period, in order to match the frequency of the internal timer to the signal frequency and
obtain exactly 64 samples per fundamental period and preserve that sampling frequency by keeping the
phase difference between true samples and theoretical samples inside a +/-4° band. The timer frequency is
adapted using a relaxation factor in order to avoid frequency overshoots or undershoots and thus adapt the
loopback convergence speed.
The loopback is considered correct after 30 correct signal periods with the phase difference inside the target
band have been acquired. Conversely, if the phase difference goes outside the target band for 30 periods,
the loopback state becomes incorrect.
As a result, establishing the loopback process takes approximately 1.5 seconds.
Signal measurements can start as soon as frequency tracking is considered established.
Limitation
The maximum sudden gap in the signal frequency that can be tolerated without momentary loss of frequency
control (i.e. momentarily causing the state of the computed measurements to become invalid) is about
50 mHz.
The maximum frequency drift that can be tolerated without momentary loss of frequency control (i.e.
momentarily causing the state of the computed measurements to become invalid) is about 40 mHz/s.
A sudden gap in a phase signal can cause a momentary loss of frequency control (loss of around 3 s of valid
measurements).
Validity of the measurements after filtering and stabilisation
After frequency tracking is established, all the measurements are computed, then filtered. The
measurements is considered valid after a stabilisation time of 75 signal periods, i.e. about 1.5 seconds after
the frequency tracking process.
Fourier Transform
The DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) is calculated for each electrical period. This gives (among other
things) the value of the phase angle and the magnitude of the fundamental.
RMS values
1 63
Vrms   Vi ²
64 i 0
Phase powers in wye coupling
Active power: Pa, Pb, Pc
1 63
P  Vi I i
64 i 0
Reactive power: Qa, Qb, Qc

1 63
Q  Vi I i16
64 i 0
Note: The reactive power is computed by taking the values of the current a quarter of period before [ sin(x) = cos (x –
pi/2) ]
Total power
Wye coupling: Total Power
P  PaPb  Pc
Q  Qa  Qb  Qc
Delta Coupling: Total Active Power
1 63
P U BC (i ).I B (i )  U CA (i ).I A (i )
64 i 0
Delta Coupling: Total Reactive Power
1 63
P U BC (i).I B (i   / 2)  U CA (i).I A (i   / 2)
64 i 0
Note: The reactive power is computed by taking the values of the current a quarter of period before [ sin(x) = cos (x –
pi/2) ]
Apparent power: S  P²  Q²
P
Power factor: cos( ) 
S
Q
Angle:   tan 1 ( )
P
Harmonics
Harmonic values are directly issued from the DFT.
Sequence components
The sequence component computation is based on the fundamental values of phase and magnitude (from
the DFT): that is its imaginary part and real part.
 Positive-sequence component
1
Re( pos )   Re( A)  Re( B)  cos(120)  Im(B )  sin(120)  Re(C )  cos(120)  Im(C )  sin(120) 
3
1
Im( pos)   Im( A)  Im(B)  cos(120)  Re( B)  sin(120)  Im(C )  cos(120)  Re(C )  sin(120) 
3

 Negative-sequence component
1
Re(neg )   Re( A)  Re( B)  cos(120)  Im(B)  sin(120)  Re(C )  cos(120)  Im(C )  sin(120) 
3
1
Im(neg )   Im( A)  Im(B )  cos(120)  Re( B )  sin(120)  Im(C )  cos(120)  Re(C )  sin(120) 
3
 Zero-sequence component
1
Re(0)   Re( A)  Re( B)  Re(C ) 
3
1
Im(0)   Im( A)  Im(B )  Im(C ) 
3
Synchrocheck measurements
F = | Fline – Fbusbar |
V = | Vline – Vbusbar |
= | line –  Vbusbar |
5.2.12 TMU210: CT / VT CALCULATIONS - INPUTS: CONFIGURATION

In agreement with the electrical system configuration, the following parameters are defined:
 Nominal Network frequency (50 or 60 Hz)

 Nominal phase voltage of the VT (57-130V or 220-480V)
 Nominal earth voltage of the VT (57-130V or 220-480V)
 Nominal phase current of the CT (1A or 5A)
 Nominal earth current of the CT (1A or 5A)
 Earth current origin (computed or wired)
 Sensitivity of the earth CT (normal, sensitive, very sensitive)
 Transformer ratio of the EPATR core balance CT
 Connection type (3VPN, 3VPN+V0, 2VPN+V0, 2VPP+V0, 3VPP+V0, 3VPN+Vbusbar, 3VPP+V0)
 Reading cycle measurement (from the PPC)
5.2.13 TMU210: CT / VT CALCULATIONS - INPUTS: SAMPLES

With the TMU210 board with respect to the type of connection, some restrictions exist because of the fourth
VT.
At this time, please refer to the topic Phase-to-Phase Synchrocheck with the TMU210 – General and to the
Table: TMU210 Type of Connection: Direct or Indirect .
The inputs of the CT / VT Calculation function (issued from the Conventional CT/VT inputs) include:

In case of star coupling:
 CI#1: samples of IA
 CI#2: samples of IB
 CI#3: samples of IC
 CI#4: samples of IN
 VI#1: samples of VAN
 VI#2: samples of VBN
 VI#3: samples of VCN
 VI#4: samples of VN or Vbusbar
In case of delta coupling:
 CI#1: samples of IA
 CI#2: samples of IB
 CI#3: samples of IC
 CI#4: samples of IN
 VI#1: samples of VAB
 VI#2: samples of VBC
 VI#3: samples of VCA
 VI#4: samples of VN or Vbusbar
32 samples per period are available.

5.2.14 TMU210: CT / VT CALCULATIONS – OUTPUTS: SET OF MEASUREMENTS

The CT / VT calculation function produces:
 RMS currents and voltages (phase in star wiring, phase-to-phase in delta wiring)
 Instantaneous voltages (phase in star wiring)
 Frequencies (line or busbar if V4 is connected on a busbar)
 Fundamental measurement and Derived value
 Current – voltage angle
 Total Active power P
 Total Reactive power Q
 Power factor Pf or cos phi
 Thermal status
 I2t measurement
 Synchrocheck data: ΔF ΔV ΔΦ
 With the synchrocheck option, the values that follow are computed:
 Slip frequency
 Amplitude
 Phase difference
 Synchrocheck voltage
These measurements are put at the disposal of the controller every measurement reading cycle defined by
the configuration.
5.2.15 TMU210: MEASUREMENTS - GENERAL

Whatever the signal frequency, 32 samples are available for all the input signals.
All these samples are gathered in a revolving list stored in active memory.
A timer is adapted permanently to the frequency of the signal and provides the frequency measurement
The primary measurements that follow are derived directly from sample values:
 RMS: Current and Voltage

 It and I2t measurements
 Thermal status

The following measurements are obtained from the Fourier of sample values or from the Fourier values of
the derived measurements (DFT):
 DFT: Current and Voltage

 DFT Sequence Components: Current and Voltage (positive and negative)
 Current voltage angle
 Active phase Power
 Active earth Power
 Reactive phase power
 Power Factor
 Synchrocheck measurements
5.2.16 TMU210: LIST OF MEASUREMENTS
Measurements Accuracy Unit id

RMS phase current
Rms_IA 7
Rms_IB 2% In 8
Rms_IC 9
Rms_I0 10
RMS phase voltage
Rms_VAN_VAB 0
Rms_VBN_VBC 1
2% Volts
Rms_VCN_VCA 2
Rms_V0 3
Rms_Vbusbar
Frequency 0.01Hz
F: frequency tracking Hertz 36
F81: frequency used by 81 Hertz
Index of F 323
Index of F81 324
Rate of frequency_81 0.03Hz/sec Hertz/sec
DFT phase current
IA In 300
IB In 301
IC 2% In 302
I0 I0n 303
I0_computed I0n 313
EPATR I0 Amps
DFT phase voltage
VAN
VBN
VCN
VAB 2% Volts 304
VBC 305
VCA 306
V0 307
Ubusbar 183
DFT Sequence voltage
V1 Volts
V2

Measurements Accuracy Unit id

DFT Sequence current
I1 In
I2
Total power
Active phase power (P) Watts 26
Active earth power(P0) <3% Watts
Reactive power (Q) <3% Vars 28
Cos phi 29
Thermal status % 312
It measurement
IT phase A 340
IT phase B Amps / second 341
IT phase C 342
IT total 343
I2t measurement
I2T phase A 344
I2T phase B Sq.Amps/second 345
I2T phase C 346
I2T total 347
Synchrocheck
Delta F Hertz 37
Delta V Volts 38
Delta phi Degree 39
Freq line Hertz 330
Freq bus Hertz 331
Phase angle Degree 332
Anticipation angle Degree 333
Shift freq % 334
Acceleration shift freq % 335
5.2.17 TMU210: ALGORITHMS
5.2.17.1 CALIBRATION
3 calibration parameters are stored in EEPROM for each input:
 Amplitude
 Phase
 offset
The offset correction has to be re-evaluate in real time and not in static way.
So the offset correction is made by a low pass filter (0.5Hz). So the offset parameter stored in EEPROM is
not used.
The amplitude offset is used at each acquisition cycle.
5.2.17.2 FREQUENCIES
5.2.17.2.1 Frequency tracking
The frequency tracking is made by calculating the frequency of a voltage or current channel. For each
channel a minimum threshold is used to validate the signal (1 volt for VT, 0.1A pour CT).
If a tracking is done on a channel, there is no change until the value of this channel becomes lower than the
threshold. There is no hysteresis on them. The channel changing respects the following list:

 V1 (first)
 V2
 V3
 I1
 I2
 I3 (last)
5.2.17.2.2 Frequency computation
The first phase voltage channel over minimum threshold (Umin_F_enable) is selected, then a filter FIR is
applied to reject harmonic. On result, we calculate period by cross zero method, on leading edge and on
trailing edge, average result of this both measurement generated frequency used.
Between 2 computations of the frequency, if the frequency change is more than 20Hz/s (equals to a brutal
step 400mHz at 50Hz), then the frequency calculation will be frozen and INVALID during 7 cycles (for
example, at 50Hz the frequency will be frozen during 120ms)
5.2.17.2.3 Frequency [81] and frequency rating computation
According to the configuration parameter “VT_connection”, there are 2 events:
 VT_connection = 3VPN or 3VPN+V0 or 2 VPN+V0 or 2VPP+V0 or 3VPP+V0

 Frequency81 computation without priority
 VT_connection = 3VPN +Vbusbar or 3VPP+Vbusbar

 Frequency81 computation with priority
Frequency [81] computation without priority
The first voltage upper than the threshold (Umin_F_enable, SEE GPS 8) is given as reference. When this
voltage goes down the threshold, the next voltage is tested as reference.
The cycle of reference test is V1, V2, V3, V1, V2 …etc
Frequency [81] computation with priority
In priority, V4 (busbar voltage) is used for reference comparing to the threshold. If this voltage goes down the
threshold, a valid line voltage is searched. When the busbar voltage is detected back over the threshold, the
busbar VT is reassigning to be the frequency tracking reference.
5.2.17.3 RMS MEASUREMENTS

The RMS measurement of the last period recorded is calculated as the square root of the square sum of the
samples in the period divided by the number of samples examined.
The square sum is calculated every period (32 samples recordings).
1 31
Vrms   Vi ²
32 i 0
3VPN 3VPN+V0 2VPN+V0 2VPP+V0 3VPP+V0 3VPN+Vbusbar 3VPP+Vbusbar

Rms_IA Rms_IA
Rms_IA Rms_IB
Rms_IC Rms_IC
Rms_I0 Rms_Io
Rms_VA_VAB Rms_VA Rms_VA Rms_VA Rms_VAB Rms_VAB Rms_VA Rms_VAB


Rms_VB_VBC Rms_VB Rms_VB Rms_VB Rms_VBC Rms_VBC Rms_VB Rms_VBC
Rms_VC_VCA Rms_VC Rms_VC NOT VALID NOT VALID Rms_VCA Rms_VC Rms_VCA
Rms_V0 NOT VALID Rms_Vo Rms_Vo Rms_Vo Rms_Vo NOT VALID NOT VALID
Rms_V_busbar NOT VALID NOT VALID NOT VALID NOT VALID NOT VALID Rms_u_busbar Rms_u_busbar
5.2.17.4 FUNDAMENTAL MEASUREMENTS

5.2.17.4.1 General
The instantaneous direct effective fundamental measurement, to be used by the protection devices, is
supplied every samples reception frame, in terms of both module and phase as well as that for the real part
and the imaginary part of the current vector. This is calculated using the Fourier transform (DFT), applied to
the samples of the last period recorded (32 samples) and expressed in ADC points.
So a multiplier coefficient is necessary to scale them in the appropriated unit.
Mod_IA Measured
Mod IB Measured
Mod IC Measured
Mod I0 Measured
Mod_VA Measured Measured Measured Derived Derived Measured Not valid
Mod _VB Measured Measured Measured Derived Derived Measured Not valid
Mod _VC Measured Measured Derived Derived Derived Measured Not valid
Mod _VAB Derived Derived Derived Measured Measured Derived Measured
Mod _VBC Derived Derived Derived Measured Measured Derived Measured
Mod _VCA Derived Derived Derived Derived Measured Derived Measured
Mod _V0 Derived Measured Measured Measured Measured Derived Not valid
Mod _V_busbar Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Measured Measured
Mod_I1 Derived
Mod_I2 Derived
Mod_V1 Derived
Mod_V2 Derived
Ioc Derived
5.2.17.4.2 Conversion
 KUADC is the number of ADC points corresponding to a phase voltage of 1V to the secondary side.
 KUoADC is the number of ADC points corresponding to an earth voltage of 1V to the secondary side.
 KIADC is the number of ADC points corresponding to the nominal phase current to the secondary side.
 KIoADC is the number of ADC points corresponding to the nominal earth current to the secondary side.
 X is the value of the module expressed in ADC points (X = I, Io, Uxy, Uo)
 X” is the effective value of the module expressed in voltage or ampere to the primary side (X = I, Io,
Uxy, Uo).
I
I " * CT _ In
KI ADC

Io
Io" * CT _ Ion
KIo ADC
U xy
U xy "  * VT _ Un
KU ADC  Un
Uo
Uo"  *VT _ Uon
KUo ADC  Uon
5.2.17.4.3 Direct measurements

The real and the imaginary part are determined using the DFT method.
N
 2 * i 
Re(G )   sample * cos 
i 1
i
 N 
N
 2 * i 
Im(G )   sample * sin 
i 1
i
 N 
The real part and the imaginary part of every received valid sample are calculated.
Derived measurements
Voltages
3VPP+
3VPN 3VPN+V0 2VPN+V0 2VPP+V0 3VPP+V0 3VPN+Vbusbar
Vbusbar
(kV0+2VL1–
VA VL1 VL1 VL1 (kV0+VL1–VL3)/3 Not valid VL1
VL2)/3
VB VL2 VL2 VL2 (kV0+VL2–VL1)/3 (kV0+VL2–VL1)/3 Not valid VL2
VC VL3 VL3 kV0–VL1–VL2 (kV0-VL1+2VL2)/3 (kV0-VL3+VL2) Not valid VL3
VAB VL1-VL2 VL1–VL2 VL1–VL2 VL1 VL1 VL1 VL1–VL2
VBC VL2-VL3 VL2–VL3 2VL2+VL1–kV0 VL2 VL2 VL2 VL2–VL3
VCA VL3-VL1 VL3–VL1 kV0-2VL1–VL2 VL1-VL2 VL3 VL3 VL3–VL1
k-
V0 k-1*(VL1+VL2+VL3) k-1(VL1+VL2+VL3) Not valid
1(VL1+VL2+VL3)
Vbusbar k-1*(VL1+VL2+VL3) Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid
 k the earth to phase adaptation coefficient - (necessary for expressing the earth ADC points in phase
ADC points) amounting to:
Un  KU ADC VT _ U 0n
k 
U 0n  KU 0 ADC VT _ Un
5.2.17.4.3.1 Positive and negative sequence current
The definition of positive sequence current, I1, indicates the current vector obtained by the sum of the phase
A vector, plus the phase B vector rotated by 120 in advance plus the phase C vector rotated by a lag of
120.
The definition of the negative sequence current, I2, indicates the current vector obtained by the sum of the
phase A vector, plus the phase B vector rotated by a lag of 120 plus the phase C vector rotated by 120 in
advance.
Derived vectors:
Positive sequence current I1 IA+(IB-120°)+(IC+120°)
Negative sequence current I2 IA+(IB+120°)+(IC-120°)
Where the writing <IB/C+/-120°> points out that the vector is considered rotated of +/- 120°

5.2.17.4.3.2 Positive and negative sequence voltage

Derived vectors:
3VPN, 3VPN+V0, 2VPN+V0 3VPP+V0, 2VPP+V0,
3VPN+Vbusbar 3VPP+Vbusbar
Positive sequence voltage V1 (VA+(VB+120°)+(IC+240°))/3 (VA+(VB+240°)+(IC+120°))/3
Negative sequence voltage V2 (VA-(VB-120°))/3 (VA-(VB+120°))/3
Where the writing <UB/C+/-alpha> points out that the vector is considered rotated of +/- alpha
5.2.17.4.3.3 Computed zero-sequence current
In order to use the protective function 67N in several specific conditions, the zero-sequence current must be
computed from the values of the 3 phase currents:

I The generic current vector
Re(…) the operator that returns the real part of a generic vector;
Im(…) the operator that returns the imaginary part of a generic vector;
k the earth to phase adaptation coefficient - (necessary for expressing the earth ADC points in phase
ADC points) amounting to:
In  KI ADC CT _ I 0n
k 
I 0n  KI 0 ADC CT _ In
The real and imaginary part of the derived current vectors, expressed in ADC points, will be given by:
 
 1   
Re( I 0C )  Re( I A )  Re( I B )  Re( I C )
k
I0c
 
 1   
Im(I 0C )  Im(I A )  Im(I B )  Im(I C )
k
5.2.17.5 PHASE AND EARTH CURRENT - VOLTAGE ANGLE MEASUREMENT

The instantaneous angle between the generic phase current and the phase-phase quadrature voltage, to be
used for protection purposes is obtained as the relative angle between the involved vectors.
The formulas are:
 
 Re( I A )   Re(U BC ) 
I A ^ U BC  arctg    arctg  

 Im( I A )   Im(U BC ) 
 
 Re( I B )   Re(U CA ) 
I B ^ U CA  arctg    arctg  
 Im( I B )   Im(U CA ) 
 
 Re( I C )   Re(U AB ) 
I C ^ U AB  arctg    arctg  

 Im( I C )   Im(U AB ) 
Where:
IÛ is the angle between the generic phase current and the phase-phase quadrature voltage;

I is the generic current vector;

U is the generic voltage vector (phase-phase);
Re(…) is the operator that returns the real part of a generic vector;
Im(…) is the operator that returns the imaginary part of a generic vector;

5.2.17.6 ACTIVE EARTH POWER

With any type of phase voltage insertion it is always possible to derive the vectors of the earth voltage’s
fundamentals that, together with the earth current, allow the active earth power calculation.
   
Po  Re( I o)  Re(Uo)  Im(I o)  Im(Uo)
Where Po is the active earth power expressed in ADC points.
5.2.17.7 ACTIVE THREE-PHASE POWER

With any type of phase voltage insertion it is always possible to derive the vectors of the phase-phase
voltage’s fundamental.
Therefore, it is quite easy to calculate the 3 phase active power by using the Aaron method:
       
P  Re( I A )  Re(U AB )  Im( I A )  Im(U AB )  Re( I C )  Re(U BC )  Im(I C )  Im(U BC )
P
P" 
3  KI ADC  KU ADC  Un
CT _ In  VT _ Un
P '  InTA  UnTV  P"  P
P is the active three phase power expressed in ADC points;
Pn is the nominal three phase power to the secondary side, amounting to: Pn  3  In  Un
Since In and Un are respectively the nominal current and the voltage to the secondary side;
P” is the active three phase power to the secondary side, expressed in Watt;
P’ is the active three phase power to the primary side expressed in Watt;
5.2.17.8 REACTIVE THREE-PHASE POWER

With whatever type of phase voltage insertion, it is always possible to draw the vectors of the phase-phase
voltage’s fundamental.
Therefore, it is easy to calculate the reactive three-phase power by using the Aaron method; the formulas
are:
       
Q  Im(I A )  Re(U AB )  Re( I A )  Im(U AB )  Im(I C )  Re(U BC )  Re( I C )  Im(U BC )
Q
Q" 
InTA  UnTV
Q'  InTA  UnTV  Q"  Q
Where:
Q is the three phase reactive power expressed in ADC points;
Qn is the nominal three phase active power to the secondary side, amounting to: Qn  3  In  Un
Since In and Un are respectively the nominal current and the voltage to the secondary side;
Q” is the active three phase power to the secondary side, expressed in Qn;
Q’ is the active three phase power to the primary side expressed in VAR;

5.2.17.9 POWER FACTOR

The power factor is an instantaneous value, used only for visualising purposes. Indicated by:
P the three phase active power expressed in ADC points;
Q the three phase reactive power expressed in ADC points;
The power factor, or three phase cos, is calculated according to the following algebraic function:
P
cos  
P2  Q2
The sign of three phases cos is determined according to the following conventions:
P positive P negative
Q positive +L -C
Q negative +C -L
5.2.17.10 THERMAL STATUS

It can be demonstrated that, for dt=0.02s, the thermal status can be estimated according to the following
equation:
2
 IMAX  dt dt
 (t  dt )   (t )      (t )
 I   
Where:
IMAX is the maximum of the three instantaneous values of the three phase RMS currents.
 is the thermal constant of the device to be protected.
I is the base current of the device to be protected (ratio between the device’s nominal current – in
other words the current that, at full operation, implies over-temperature by 100% - and the nominal current of
the TA).
I = K * Ith
 is the thermal status or over-temperature of the device (over-temperature in p.u. in relation to the
temperature reached by the device at full operation, when subjected to a current equal to the base current).
The thermal status must reside in a non-volatile variable (SRAM) to allow its recovery in the event of an
auxiliary voltage loss.
To avoid the unwanted trip of the thermal protection, on power-on, the thermal status is reinstated up to a
maximum equalling 90% of the greater between the thermal thresholds to then evolve normally according to
the above equation.
The thermal status can be reset ((t) = 0) through a PPC CO.
5.2.17.11 I2T MEASUREMENTS

There are 8 measurements dividable in 3 sets:
 3 IT phase measurements
 3 I2T phase measurements
 2 measurements controller by the sum of the IT phase measurements and I2T phase measurements.
These measurements are always valid.

5.2.17.11.1 IT phase measurements

3 measurements based on the samples of the current phase
T nb1
( IT _ PhaseA) N  ( IT _ PhaseA) N  1   ia [t j ]
32 j 0
-
T nb1
( IT _ PhaseB) N  ( IT _ PhaseB) N  1   ib [t j ]
32 j 0
-
T nb1
( IT _ PhaseC ) N  ( IT _ PhaseC ) N  1   ic [t j ]
32 j 0
-
where:
 nb is the number of samples

 T is the period of the signal.
 32 is the number of samples by period
These measurements must reside in a non-volatile variable (SRAM) to allow its recovery in the event of an
5.2.17.11.2 I2T phase measurements
3 measurements based on the samples of the current phase
T nb 1 2
( I 2T _ PhaseA) N  ( I 2T _ PhaseA) N  1   ia [t j ]
32 j 0
-
T nb 1 2
( I 2T _ PhaseB) N  ( I 2T _ PhaseB) N  1   ib [t j ]
32 j 0
-
T nb 1 2
( I 2T _ PhaseC ) N  ( I 2T _ PhaseC ) N  1   ic [t j ]
32 j 0
-
These measurements must reside in a non-volatile variable (SRAM) to allow its recovery in the event of an
5.2.17.11.3 IT and I2T sum measurements
These 2 measurements are computed by the sum of the IT phase measurements and I2T phase
measurements.
IT _ Total  IT _ PhaseA  IT _ PhaseB  IT __ PhaseC
I 2T _ Total  I 2T _ PhaseA  I 2T _ PhaseB  I 2T _ PhaseC

5.2.18 FOCUS 4: ALL MEASUREMENT VALUES: THRESHOLD DETECTION THROUGH

TRANSMISSION
The process of a measurement value shows as follows:
from IED
acquisition
from analogue Open circuit Zero value

acquisition Scaling
management suppression
from digital Threshold

Scaling
acquisition detection
Manual
suppression
from CT/VT CT/VT
Substitution
acquisition calculations
Forcing
Transmission
to:
RCP
HMI
Printer
Archive
Automation
C0136ENb
Six thresholds can be defined for each measurement: 3 upper thresholds and 3 lower thresholds.
A hysteresis value configured on a per measurement basis is associated to the threshold management. This
value is a percentage of the full scale value of the measurement.

upper
HYST
t3 t4
t1 t2
HYST
lower
t1 : upper threshold violation

t2 : end of upper threshold violation
t3 : lower threshold violation
t4 : end of lower threshold violation C0313ENa
Figure 35: Threshold detection
5.2.19 MANUAL SUPPRESSION

A measurement can be assigned to the SUPPRESSED state by an order issued from an operator. No
subsequent change of value or state on a "SUPPRESSED" measurement can trigger any action: for
example, display, alarm, transmission. The measurement takes the SUPPRESSED state. When the operator
"un-suppresses" the measurement, this one takes its actual state.
5.2.20 SUBSTITUTION
The value of a measurement can be substituted by an operator (state “SUBSTITUTED”, value defined by the
operator). The measurement stays in this state until he un-substitutes it.
When a measurement is substituted, no change of value nor state is transmitted, and computations are
made with the substituted state. When the measurement is un-substituted, the actual state and value are
transmitted to higher control levels and subsequent changes of state and value are transmitted again.
5.2.21 FORCING AN INVALID MEASUREMENT

When a measurement is invalid: that is, SELFCHECK FAULTY, UNDEFINED, OPEN CIRCUIT,
SATURATED or UNKNOWN); it can be manually forced by a user (state “FORCED”, value defined by the
operator). This feature is similar to the substitution but the information is automatically updated when valid
information is available again.
The forcing could also be automatic: in this event, the invalid information takes automatically the FORCED
state and the value defined in configuration.
The forced/substituted data are saved in SRAM (kept for minimum 48h without C26x power supply).
The modified states are not reset by a C26x reboot.
A database switch (or evolution) reset the forced/substituted data.

5.2.22 MEASUREMENT RESULTING STATES

The Measurement resulting states, following the various filters, that you can apply include:
State Meaning
VALID Not in one of the following states
SELFCHECK FAULTY AI, DI board fault
SUBSTITUTED Operator action set MV value as valid state
FORCED Automatic valid state and configured value when AI is invalid
SUPPRESSED Operator set MV in this invalid state
UNKNOWN MV is acquired via a transmission link, and the link is disconnected
SATURATED MV is beyond its nominal input range
MV is Digital Measurement with invalid coding or computation on analogue leads to
UNDEFINED
error
OPEN CIRCUIT MV is DC 4-20 mA with input value under 4mA
OVERSHOOT[1..3] One of the 3 overshoot values has been crossed
UNDERSHOOT[1..3] One of the 3 undershoot values has been crossed
5.2.23 TRANSMISSION
The measurement value and state are transmitted on a client-server basis on the Ethernet IEC 61850-8-1
network, using two modes:
 Report based mode: the measurement is transmitted to the subscribers with its value, its status, its
time stamping and the reason for change.
 GOOSE based mode (only on IEC 61850-8-1 network): the measurement is transmitted in multicast
to the configured receivers.
Notes:
 A C26x client can have 32 numbers of IEC 61850-8-1 servers and a C26x server can have 16
numbers of IEC 61850-8-1 clients
 GOOSE size is restricted to 128 binary inputs and 64 measurements
During a loss of communication between a client and a server, all server measurements are set to
UNKNOWN on the client.
The measurement information transmitted in a report include:
 The real value: that is, after scaling

 The resulting state: mapped on the quality field on IEC 61850-8-1
 The time stamping: in GMT time; and time quality
 The reason for the change:
 Change of quality: set if the measurement resulting state has changed
 Cyclic change: set if the measurement value has changed, without modification of the resulting
state
A Measurement value can be transmitted periodically or upon variation (% of nominal), and anyway on state
change.

5.2.23.1 PERIODIC TRANSMISSION

Two periods are defined in database, on a per DS Agile C26x basis:
 a short period from 0.1 to 60 seconds (step 0.1 second)

 a long period, from 0.5 to 60 seconds (step 0.5 second)
Each measurement is associated to one of the two periods. All measurements of one period are transmitted
at the beginning of each cycle.
All measurements values transmitted within one transmission cycle are the latest acquired values.
5.2.23.2 TRANSMISSION UPON VARIATION

Measurements can be transmitted upon variation: a value is sent if the acquired value (Vacq) is different
from more than a specified amount V from the previously transmitted value (Vt) (i.e |Vacq-Vt| > V).
V is computed either from the last transmitted value (mode 1) or from the full scale value (mode 2):
V = (p/1000) * |Vt| where p is a value in the range 0 .. 255 and Vt is the last transmitted value.
or
V = (p/1000) * |Vmax| where p is a value in the range 0 .. 255 and Vmax is the full scale value.
5.2.23.3 TRANSMISSION UPON TRIGGER

One or more measurements can be associated to a single or double BI “trigger”. When the BI goes to the
state SET / CLOSED (or FORCED SET, SUBSTITUTED SET, FORCED CLOSED / SUBSTITUTED
CLOSED) all associated measurements are transmitted immediately. The same behaviour if the BI is in this
state at the initialisation of the controller. As much the BI is in this state the associated measurements are
transmitted after change of state or according to the configuration (periodically, upon variation, threshold
variation)
5.3 TAP POSITION INDICATION (TPI) MEASUREMENT PROCESSING
5.3.1 ACQUISITION FROM DIGITAL INPUTS

The tap position is acquired on digital input boards. It could be:
 A Multiple Point , if so, the resulting states are considered as values

 A digital measurement using one of the following encoding:
 Decimal
 Gray
 BCD
5.3.2 ACQUISITION FROM ANALOGUE INPUTS

The tap position is acquired by measuring a current input.
A minimum value, Imin (mA), corresponds to the lowest position, 1, of the tap, and a maximum value, Imax,
corresponds to the highest value, N.
The input current should take only discrete values: Ik =Imin + (K -1)(Imax-Imin)/(N-1) , where K is the
position of the tap.
However the tap is assumed in position K if the current is in the range [Ik-I/2 .. Ik+I/2], with I = N% of
(Imax – Imin). The N percentage is defined in configuration.
The tap position is considered UNDEFINED outside of this range.

5.3.3 MANUAL SUPPRESSION

A TPI can be suppressed by an order issued from an operator. No subsequent change of value or state on a
suppressed TPI can trigger any action: for example, display, alarm, transmission. The TPI takes the
“SUPPRESSED” state. When the operator unsuppresses the TPI, the latter takes its actual state.
5.3.4 SUBSTITUTION
The value of a TPI can be substitute by an operator (state “SUBSTITUTED”, value defined by the operator).
The TPI stays in this state until he unsubstitutes it.
When a TPI is substituted, no changes of value nor state is transmitted, and computations, for instance
groupings, are made with the substituted state. When the TPI is unsubstituted, the actual state and value are
transmitted to higher control levels and subsequent changes of state and value are transmitted again.
5.3.5 FORCING AN INVALID TPI

When a TPI is invalid: that is, SELFCHECK FAULTY, UNDEFINED or UNKNOWN; it can be manually forced
by a user (the “FORCED” state value is defined by the operator). This feature is similar to substitution but the
indication is automatically updated when valid information is available again.
The automatic forcing function is not provided for TPI.
5.3.6 TPI RESULTING STATES

The state of a tap position can be:
State Comment
VALID NOT in one of the following states:
SELFCHECK FAULTY Results from a fault on an AI board or on a DI board
SUBSTITUTED See section Substitution above
FORCED See section Forcing an invalid TPI above
SUPPRESSED See section Manual suppression above
If the tap position is acquired via a transmission link, the information is “unknown” when the link
UNKNOWN
is disconnected.
Results from the erroneous encoding of a digital acquisition, a saturation, an open circuit or an
UNDEFINED
out-of-range value for an analogue acquisition.
There are 3 “Overshoot” states, one for each high threshold crossing. Only one may be set at
OVERSHOOT[1..3]
any one time
There are 3 “Undershoot” states, one for each low threshold crossing. Only one may be set at
UNDERSHOOT[1..3]
any one time
5.3.7 SCALING
The TPI value is transmitted as a scaled value rather than as a direct measurement.
The true value of the measurement is computed using a linear, single-slope transform:
TPI value = ax + b
where:
 x = measured tap position

 a and b = integer numbers, settable using DS Agile SCE (see chapter C26x/EN AP).
The scaled value is transmitted to the substation’s control point (DS Agile OI) and to the SCADA.

5.3.8 TRANSMISSION
The TPIs are transmitted on a client-server basis over the IEC 61850-8-1 network using the report
mechanism.
During a loss of communication between a client and a server, all server TPIs are set to UNKNOWN on the
client.
A TPI is transmitted as soon as a value change or a status change is detected. The TPIs transmitted in a
report are:
 TPI value
 Resulting state: mapped on the quality field for IEC 61850-8-1
 Time-stamping: in GMT time; and time quality
 Reason for the change:
 Change of data: set if the value changed
 Change of quality: set if the quality changed
 Change due to control: set if the state or quality change is due to a control
The TPI information transmitted in a GOOSE is the same as in a report, except for the "reason for change"
and time-stamping.
5.4 ACCUMULATOR INPUT PROCESSING

The accumulator stores its current value in a static memory volatile memory (secured with a capacitor, >48h
autonomy). At configured sample an accumulated value is extracted for inner computation and transmission
(Common Data Class BCR on IEC 61850-8-1).
Digital Inputs are used to count pulses. There is Single counter (SCT) based on one DI and Double Counter
(DCT) based on two DIs that count complementary states.
At processing level special persistent and complementary filters eliminate non-stable pulses. The integer
counter (also transmitted) can be scaled (among of energy of valid pulse).
5.5 ENERGY COUNTING

The energy counting function aims to calculate exported and imported active energy (in kWh) and exported
and imported reactive energy (in kVarh) from active and reactive power issued from CT/VT calculation,
digital, analogue boards measurements or IEDs measurements.
Calculation of the energy is done periodically. The period is defined either by an external pulsed applied on a
digital input, or by the internal clock of the controller. The choice of the origin of the periodic signal is defined
during the configuration phase on a per controller basis.
Whatever is the origin of an integrated measurement, the integration is done after scaling with a step of one
second.
The trapezium integration method is used:
E   Ei
 ( M i  M i 1 ) ti  ti 1  
Ei  S f *  * 
 2 3600 
Where:
E = total Energy counter value (continuous register)
Ei = Integration result at time ti

Sf = Scaling Factor (defined during the configuration phase)

Mi = absolute value of the Measurement at time ti
ti – ti-1 = 1 second
For a given measurement, the integration can be done only after receiving two consecutive valid values with
the same sign of the measurement. The integration result (Ei) is added to the associated export or import
counter according to the sign of the measurement.
The integration is stopped as soon as the power measurement becomes invalid or changes of sign. The
integration is restarted as soon as two consecutive valid measurement values with the same sign are
received.
Current values of energy counters are stored in secured memory (48h autonomy when power supply is off).
Current values of energy counters can be modified by an operator.
Values of energy counters are transmitted on a client-server basis on the IEC 61850-8-1 network using
mechanism through the LN MMTR.
During a loss of communication between a client and a server, all server energy counters are set to
UNKNOWN state on the client.
Note: Do not use the energy counter values for the billing application.
5.6 BASIC DATA MANIPULATION
5.6.1 TEST MODE ENHANCEMENTS

The C26x Test Mode allows you to deactivate the DOU/CCU relays output in the event of a control
sequence.
The enhancements allow to:
 manage the Test Mode in the event of a C26x redundancy (Test Mode is managed only if the
controller is in active mode, so a controller in standby mode cannot be switched to Test Mode)
 manage the control feedback datapoints

In the event of a controller redundancy, the Test Mode activation is performed independently for each C26x
(Main 1 rack and Main 2 rack) from SMT. If the Active C26x is set in Test Mode, it remains Active. A Standby
C26x cannot be switched to Test Mode.
If the control is related to a datapoint: that is, feedback datapoint defined in configuration; this one takes the
control value in Test Mode:
 Open / Reset order => Open state for DPS, Reset state for SPS
 Close / Set order => Close state for DPS, Set state for SPS
To leave the Test mode, the user, through the SMT, changes the C26x mode to Operational. The C26x
automatically goes in Maintenance mode (transient) before going in Operational mode.
The user of the Test Mode owns all responsibility of controls performed during the Test Mode, and before
leaving the Test Mode, he owns all responsibility to restore the system. In Test Mode, all controls performed
may impact IsaGRAF programs or PSL automatisms.
Note 1:
Digital and Analogue Setpoint with measurement feedback are not managed in Test Mode: that is, they are managed
as in Operational mode.

Note 2:
IEC 61850-8-1 exchanges (reports, gooses) are not impacted by the C26x Test Mode. That means that a control done
in Test Mode, that is sent to another controller - that is not in test mode - or to an IED (legacy or not) may be fully and
physically executed on the device.
5.6.2 DEVICE ORDER RUNNING

An "order running" SPS is managed on a per module basis. The “bay order running” is still managed.
In the event of a Direct Execute control, this SPS is:
 SET as soon as the C26x accepts the control: that is, after the control checks
 RESET when the final control acknowledgement is sent
In the event of an SBO control, this SPS is:
 SET as soon as the C26x accepts the control selection: that is, after the selection checks
5.6.3 CURRENT EXECUTION STATUS SPS FOR OPEN/CLOSE CONTROL COMMANDS

Optional SPS datapoints are available to indicate the current execution status of switchgear open and close
DPC control commands: Open ctrl SPS for open commands and Close ctrl SPS for close commands.
In the event of a Direct Execute control, this SPS is:
 SET as soon as the execute control is received by the C26x: that is, before the checks
In the event of an SBO control, this SPS is:
 SET as soon as the control selection is received by the C26x: that is, before the checks
In the event of a direct negative acknowledgement, these SPS may be SET, then RESET with the same time
stamp.
5.6.4 OPEN/CLOSE COMMAND STATE SPS DATAPOINTS FOR C26X OUTPUT

CONTACTS
Output contacts used to transmit SPC commands
One SPS is available to indicate the open and closed states of a contact. It can be assigned to SPC
controls.
on/off order SPS:
 SET when the contact associated with the operate command is in closed position
 RESET when the contact associated with the operate command is in open position
Output contacts used to transmit DPC commands
Two SPS are available to indicate the open and closed states of contacts. They can be assigned to DPC
controls.
Close order SPS:
 SET when the contact associated with the close command is in closed position
 RESET when the contact associated with the close command is in open position

Open order SPS:
 SET when the contact associated with the open command is in open position
 RESET when the contact associated with the open command is in closed position
Note: These SPS datapoints reflect their associated SPC/DPC states only if the latter are "wired" to output contacts
on a C26x.
5.6.5 CONTROLS MANAGEMENT FROM PSL

A control issued from a PSL (or a DI/DO association) will be accepted even if another control is already
running on the same output. In this event, the previous control is stopped and the new control is launched
(except if the new one is the same command as the previous one: in that case, the new control is refused).
There are three ways to manage this. PSL refers to FBD or DI/DO association, and Operator refers to
IEC 61850-8-1 / ISAGRAF / local front panel HMI:
 Control 1 from PSL and Control 2 from Operator

 Control 1 from Operator and Control 2 from PSL
 Control 1 from PSL and Control 2 from PSL
The event "Control 1 from Operator and Control 2 from Operator" is already managed: in this event, the
control 2 is rejected.
Events – Control 2 different from Control 1
Control 1 Control 2 Action Acknowledgement
PSL Operator Control 1 cancelled n/a (no ack managed in PSL)
Operator PSL Control 1 cancelled Ack “Operator cancel”
PSL PSL Control 1 cancelled n/a (no ack managed in PSL)
Operator Operator Control 2 ignored Ack “Control in progress”
Events – Control 2 identical to Control 1

Control 1 Control 2 Action Acknowledgement
PSL Operator Control 2 ignored Ack “Control in progress”
Operator PSL Control 2 ignored n/a (no ack managed in PSL)
PSL PSL Control 2 ignored n/a (no ack managed in PSL)
Operator Operator Control 2 ignored Ack “Control in progress”
5.6.6 CAVEAT: PSL AND REDUNDANT OPERATION

C26x A is in active mode and C26x B is in standby mode. On the OI, the operator uses C26x DI operation
mimics and applies input to the PSL. After the Timer time (T-ON is equal to 20 seconds), these events occur:
The FBD output, an SPS on C26x A/B, goes to the SET position
 FBD output 1, an SPC wired on DO of A/B and looped to DI for feedback, goes to the SET position
 FBD output 2, an SPC wired on DO of A/B and looped to DI for feedback, goes to the SET position
When C26x B goes into active mode and C26x A goes into standby mode, these events occur:
 The FBD output 1 (SPC) and the FBD output 2 (SPC) stay in the SET position
 The FBD Output (SPS) goes to the RESET position for the Timer time (T-ON is equal to 20 seconds).

After this time, the FBD Output (SPS) goes to the SET position.
When you use DS Agile S1 to modify the time of the timer, the FBD Output (SPS) goes to the RESET
position. It stays in the RESET position for the modified time and then goes to the SET position.
When C26x A goes into the Faulty mode and C26x B goes into the active mode, the FBD Output (SPS) goes
to the RESET position for the duration equal to the Timer time. Then the FBD Output (SPS) goes to the SET
position. The FBD Output 1 (SPC) and FBD Output 2 (SPC) stay in the SET position.

6 CONTROL SEQUENCES
6.1 DESCRIPTION
A Control Sequence is a basic built-in function on a module (switch, relay, and function). It receives control
order, sending back acknowledgement. After checks, control sequence sends control (protocol or DO), and
check correct execution with feed back from protocol or from DI.
6.1.1 GENERAL
The C26x allows the following functions:
 Control of switching devices (circuit-breaker, disconnector, …)

 Control of transformers
 Control of secondary devices
 Locking of switching devices
 Control of IEDs
 Control of automatisms
These types of controls are allowed:
 Select control request

 Execute control request
 Unselect control request
 Cancel control request
Upon reception of one of these requests, the controller's behaviour varies according to:
 The configuration of the device control,

 The type of the device,
 The controller operating mode.
6.1.1.1 DEVICE CONTROL CONFIGURATION
By configuration, at SCE level, a control may be executed in one of the following modes:
 “Direct Execute” mode: usually for ancillary devices a control may be performed directly without the
selection phase.
 “Select Before Operate once” mode” (SBO once): usually for circuits breakers and disconnectors.
The device must be selected before allowing the execution. In that event the device is managed in two
phases: selection and execution. Device unselection is done automatically by the controller.
 “Select Before Operate many” (SBO many): usually for transformers. The device must be selected
before execute one or more controls before reaching the expected position (low/raise). In that event
the device is managed in three phases: selection, execution and unselection. The execution phase is
repeated for every new control. To end the controls sequence, the initiator of the request must send
an “unselection” request.
 By configuration, each DPC order (close order or open order) and each SPC can activate
simultaneously two DO contacts.

6.1.1.2 TYPES OF DEVICES

Every control sequence may be different according to the type of the device to control. The complexity of the
control sequence may be more or less important depending on the device:
 Synchronised or non synchronised circuit-breakers, disconnectors and earthing switches: They are
managed in “Direct execute” mode or “SBO once” mode with optional hardware selection of the
device in SBO mode.
 Transformers: They are managed in the three modes: “Direct Execute”, “SBO once” and “SBO
many” mode with optional hardware selection of the device in SBO mode.
 Ancillary devices: they are usually managed in “Direct Execute” mode but can be managed also in
“SBO once” mode.
 System Controls: System outputs are used to activate or inactivate automatic functions on the
controller: for example, Auto-recloser ON/OFF; change operating modes; and so on.
 Controls via Setpoints: are managed in “Direct Execute” mode and in “Direct Execute with SBO
popup” mode.
6.1.2 CONTROL SEQUENCE PHASE MANAGEMENT

According to the configuration of the device control, a control sequence is performed in one, two, or three
phases. Each phase of a control sequence (selection, execution and unselection) may have a normal or
abnormal termination and positive or negative acknowledgement is sent to the IEC 61850-8-1 clients
subscribed during the configuration process.
 One phase – “Direct Execute” mode:

 Execution phase: If the execution phase ends normally the controller generates a positive
acknowledgement and the control sequence ends. In the event of an abnormal termination, the
control sequence is aborted and the controller generates a negative acknowledgement. The
hardware selection of the device in “Direct Execute” mode is not permitted.
 Two phases – “SBO once” mode:

 Selection phase: In the selection phase for a normal termination the controller generates a
positive acknowledgement and proceeds to the next phase of the sequence (execution phase).
acknowledgement and the control sequence ends. In the event of an abnormal termination, the
control sequence is aborted and the controller generates a negative acknowledgement.
 Three phases – “SBO many” mode:

 Selection phase: In the selection phase for a normal termination the controller generates a
positive acknowledgement and proceeds to the next phase of the sequence (execution phase)
acknowledgement and waits a new execution request. In the event of an abnormal termination, the
control sequence is aborted and the controller generates a negative acknowledgement.
 Unselection phase: The controller proceeds to the deselection of the device and ends control
sequence sending positive acknowledgement. In the event of a failure, deselecting the device the
controller sends a negative acknowledgement.
The following figures show the three control modes of the controller:

Direct execute Execution via
FT-114
mode I/O boards
or
Execution Execution via

checks IED
Functional Description
or
System
controls
execution phase
Select Before Operate
Figure 36: Control modes of the controller (1)

mode
Execution via
I/O boards
Selection Execution
or
checks checks
Execution via
IED
selection phase execution phase
Select Before Operate mode many

with device selection
Execution via
I/O boards
Selection Hardware Execution Hardware
or
checks selection checks Deselection
Execution via
IED
C0314ENa
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN FT/C57a
selection phase execution phase
Execution via
Select Before Operate mode many
I/O boards
Execution or
DS Agile C26x
checks
C26x/EN FT/C57a
Execution via
IED
Device
Device
Selection
unselect
checks
Execution via
I/O boards
Execution
or
checks
Execution via
IED
Figure 37: Control modes of the controller (2)

selection phase execution phase (1) unselection phase
Select Before Operate mode many Execution via

with hardware device I/O boards
Execution or
checks
Execution via
IED
Selection Hardware Hardware Device
checks Selection Deselection unselect
Execution via
I/O boards
Execution
or
checks
Execution via
IED
selection phase execution phase (1) unselection phase
(1) An execution phase with two execution requests is given as an example, it may have more or less
C0315ENa
Functional Description
FT-115
6.1.3 DIRECT EXECUTE MODE

In this mode a control of device is directly executed without need to be previously selected. Usually concerns
ancillary devices managed via I/O boards (SPC, DPC, and Setpoints) or via IED.
The ”Direct Execute” sequence ends normally after reception of the expected position information of the
device or correct value (if setpoint control). Abnormally if the received position or value is unexpected, or not
received in the predefined delay by configuration.
Note that a “cancel” request in ”Direct Execute” mode has no guarantee to be performed before the
execution of the request. An “unselect” request has no meaning in ”Direct Execute” mode.
Direct execution request start of

sequence
no
device direct execute
yes
execution already in
progress ?
execution in progress
Perform execution
checks
no
All checks OK
Perform execution
no
Execution OK
yes
End CO in progress End CO in progress
send negative send positive

acknowledge acknowledge
End of
sequence
C0316ENa
Figure 38: Execution phase for direct execute mode

6.1.4 SBO ONCE MODE
6.1.4.1 SELECTION PHASE IN “SBO ONCE” MODE

During the selection phase initialised by a selection request of the control, the controller performs selection
checks in order to check whether the device is selectable or not.
If no fail occurs during these checks, the device is selected and positive acknowledgement is sent.
Otherwise the selection request is refused and a negative acknowledgement is sent giving fails cause. If the
selection of the device is accepted, the controller starts a delay and waits for:
 An execution request: open/close, low/raise

 A cancel of the selection request.
At the end of this delay if the execution or the cancel request is not sent, the device is automatically
unselected and a negative acknowledgement is sent. The selection delay is defined during the configuration
step.
Note that only one selection is permitted at a time for a device. When a device is already selected any other
selection is not taken into account (none acknowledgement is sent) whichever of the initiator.
The diagram that follows shows the selection phase of a device configured in SBO once mode.

Unselected
device
Selection request
no
Device selectable ?
yes
Device Already
selected
Perform Selection
no checks
All checks OK
Device selection
no
Device selection OK
Set “device selected”
send positive
acknowledge
Selection Time-out
launching
Wait new request

or time-out
Time-out
Cancel request
Deselect hardware
selection Device
Execution request
Set “device
unselected”
send negative
acknowledge
Execution
phase
C0317ENa
Figure 39: Selection phase in SBO once mode

6.1.4.2 EXECUTION PHASE IN “SBO ONCE” MODE

The execution phase can start only after reception of an execution request and if the device has been
selected before.
In this phase, the controller performs the execution checks, and if no fail, it proceeds to the execution
according to the configuration, via the IO boards or IED communication.
If the execution ends normally, a positive acknowledgement is sent, and the control sequence ends. In the
event of a failure, the control sequence is aborted and the controller sends a negative acknowledgement.
During this phase a “cancel” request is not guaranteed except for synchronised circuit-breakers devices
(refer to specifics treatments for synchronised circuit-breakers below).
EXECUTION PHASE IN SBO ONCE MODE Execution request –SBO

once device selected
yes
Execution in progress
to the device
Perform execution
checks
send negative
acknowledge no
All checks OK
Operator
Cancel request
Perform execution
no
Execution OK
yes

Reset execution in
progress
deselect the device
End of
sequence
C0318ENa
Figure 40: Execution phase on SBO once mode

6.1.5 SBO MANY MODE

This mode allows you to perform one or more control executions after the selection phase. It is usually used
for the tap positioning process in where many controls are sent before reaching the desired position.
6.1.5.1 SELECTION PHASE IN SBO MANY MODE

The selection phase is identical to the “SBO once” mode selection phase.
6.1.5.2 EXECUTION PHASE IN SBO MANY MODE

The difference with the SBO once mode is that after having performed an “execution request”, the controller
stays in execution phase waiting a new execution order or an “unselect” request. The execution phase ends
only after an “unselect” request or “cancel” request by the initiator.
Upon reception of an “unselect” request the controller ends the execution phase and goes to the selection
phase.

Execution Phase SBO many Execution phase- device

SBO many selectd
Wait request
Execution request
Unselect request cancel request
no
Device selected
yes
Execution in progress
to the device
Perform execution
send negative checks
acknowledge
no
All checks OK
Perform execution
no
Execution OK
yes

Reset execution in
progress
Deselect the device
Unselection
phase
End of
sequence
C0319ENa
Figure 41: Execution phase in SBO many mode

6.1.5.3 UNSELECTION PHASE IN SBO MANY MODE

The controller deselects the device and sends a positive acknowledgement.
Unselection Phase SBO many Unselection phase
hardware selection
Error during
Not configured
deselection
Deselect the device
Send negative Send positive

Set « device
deselected »
End of sequence
C0320ENa
Figure 42: Unselection phase in SBO many mode
6.1.6 GENERIC SELECTION CHECKS

Checks performed during the selection phase Include:
 Inter-control delay
 controller mode
 Substation and bay mode states
 Interlock and topological interlocking states
 Automation running control
 Device selectable
 Locked device state
 Status of the device
 Uniqueness
In the event of a failure, if the rights have been granted to him/her through SCE, the initiator of the request
may bypass the checks that follow:

 Uniqueness

The diagram below sketches the checking process.
Selection checks for SBO device Unselected device
no Not configured
Inter-control delay
expired
yes
yes
Computer faulty or in
maint
no
no
Substation and bay Not configured
mode OK
no yes
Bypass mode checks
yes
no Not configured
Interlock checks
OK
no Bypass interlock yes
checks
yes
yes Not configured

Automation running
no
Bypass automation no
yes
no
Device selectable
yes
yes Not configured

Device locked
no no
Bypass locked device
no Not configured
Current status of the
device OK
yes
no Uniqueness Not configured

OK
no yes
Bypass uniqueness
check
Abort Continue
selection selection
phase phase
C0321ENa
Figure 43: Selection checks for SBO device

6.1.6.1 INTER-CONTROL DELAY

For wired commands only, it is possible to define a user-selectable time-delay during which no new
command to the same device is permitted. If this time-delay is set and has not elapsed when the new
command is received, that command is not executed and a negative acknowledgement is sent.
6.1.6.2 C26X MODE

Control requests are accepted or not depending on the operating mode of the controller.
 Maintenance mode: control requests are not accepted if the controller is in maintenance mode
except system controls concerning control mode or database management.
 Faulty mode: no control is accepted when the controller is in this mode.

 Changing mode:
 From “operational” mode to “test” mode: the specific control “test” mode is refused if at least
one control is in progress.
 From “test” mode to “operational” mode: the specific control “test” mode is refused if at least
one control is in progress.
 From “operational” mode to “maintenance” mode: all device controls in progress are aborted
and no acknowledgement is sent.
6.1.6.3 SUBSTATION AND BAY MODE CONTROL

A device control may be dependent or not on the substation mode and bay mode. For every device control
the configuration gives the dependency or not to the following modes:
 Substation mode dependency (local/remote)

 SBMC mode dependency (bay in maintenance or not)
 Bay mode dependency (local/remote)
The bay mode is checked by the controller managing the device if bay mode dependency is configured for
this device.
The substation and SBMC modes are checked by the controller having slave protocols and only for controls
coming from SCADA and if substation mode dependency is configured for this device.
If the request is refused the selection sequence is aborted with a negative acknowledgement.
6.1.6.4 INTERLOCK CONTROL

The configuration process allows to assign or not a logical equation to each order (close and open) of the
device. If configured by the user, its state (true/false) may affect the control sequence. If is false, the
selection is refused, excepted if bypass is set.
In the event of a failure, the sequence is aborted with a negative acknowledgement.
6.1.6.5 AUTOMATION RUNNING CONTROL

Each device may be locked by the presence of an input information (digital input, IED input etc) assigned
during configuration. A “system input information” giving automatism state (active/inactive) can be used to
prevent manually control execution in event an automatism is active for device monitoring: for example,
ATCC.
In this event the sequence is aborted with a negative acknowledgement, except if the user asks to bypass
this check.

6.1.6.6 DEVICE SELECTABLE

A device is selectable if during configuration step its control is described to be managed in “SBO once” or
“SBO many” mode and is not already selected. Otherwise the selection request is refused with negative
acknowledgement.
6.1.6.7 LOCKED DEVICE CONTROL

The user may lock a device in order to avoid any wrong move. If the selection concerns a locked device the
request is refused, except if the user force to this control in the selection request.
In event the device is locked the sequence is aborted with a negative acknowledgement.
6.1.6.8 CURRENT STATUS OF THE DEVICE

The status check of the device is optional. It is given by a binary input or computed using more than one
binary input (event of circuit-breakers). Its behaviour can be chosen (during the configuration step) among
one of the four following events: it is given by a binary input or computed using more than one binary input
(event of circuit-breakers).
 The request is accepted whatever the status of the device (no check)
 The request is accepted only if the device is in the opposite state and valid
 The request is accepted only if the device is in the opposite state, jammed or undefined
 The request is refused only if the device is in the same state and valid. In any event, if the request is
refused, a negative acknowledgement is sent back
6.1.6.9 UNIQUENESS
It is possible by configuration to prevent to have more than one control at a time.
 For the whole substation

 Inside a bay
The following figure describes the algorithm used between controllers.

A
Uniqueness does not be checked for
this device or uniqueness is bypass
Uniqueness must be checked for this
device and there is no bypass
→ Goose is sent to other bays

D
B
Uniqueness check is OK
No control on going inside the One control on going

substation ( corresponding DI in OFF inside the
or invalid states) substation
Uniqueness check is NOK

→ Goose is sent to other bays in
C order to ask for the token
← A goose is received from an Time out (defined in

other bay which also requires database)
the uniqueness token
Uniqueness check is OK
Uniqueness check is NOK

C0322ENa
Figure 44: Check of uniqueness
If a device is under control and another control is sent on this device, the second one is ignored.
In the event of a uniqueness of the command at least to one of these levels the selection is refused, with
negative acknowledgement. The user may bypass this control during selection request.
6.1.7 SELECTION BEHAVIOUR

In SBO once mode and SBO many mode, the configuration process allows to describe optionally, a device
selection to control the device.
The following configurations must be considered:
 Configuration 1: device with a control for selection and its associated selection position information.
 Configuration 2: device with a control for selection (without input selection information).
Whatever the request control (select open/select close, select raise/select low) the selection of the device is
performed as follows:
 Configuration 1:
The controller
1 verifies the selection position information, it must be open: if it is close, it is an abnormal situation, the
selection sequence is stopped with a negative acknowledgement.
2 sends a “close” order of the selection control (via I/O boards or IED) and waits the selection position
information in a given delay (by configuration).

If the selection control has been normally executed, and the selection position information of the device
become “set” in the given delay, the selection sequence ends sending a positive acknowledgement. The
controller starts its execution sequence. In the event of a failure of the execution of the selection control or if
the selection position information remains open in the given delay the selection sequence ends abnormally
sending a negative acknowledgement.
 Configuration 2:
For this configuration, in which only the output control of the selection is configured, the controller: sends a
“close” order of the selection control (via I/O boards or IED). If the selection control has been normally
executed, the selection sequence ends by sending a positive acknowledgement and the controller start its
execution sequence.
In the event of a failure of the execution of the selection control, the sequence ends abnormally by sending a
negative acknowledgement.
6.1.8 GENERIC EXECUTION CHECKS

During the execution phase, whatever the execution mode (SBO once, SBO many or Direct Execute) the
controller, before proceeding to the execution of the request, performs the following checks:
 Inter-control delay
 controller mode
 Device selectable (SBO mode only)
 Current status of the device
 Uniqueness
Execution checks and bypasses are identical to those of the selection phase. Moreover, In the event of an
”SBO once” mode or ”SBO many” mode the controller verifies that the device was previously selected.
The checks of the execution phase in “SBO many” mode are identical as above but they are repeated for
every execution request (low/raise).
In “Direct Execute” mode the device selection is not verified because it is not permitted.

6.1.9 EXECUTION BEHAVIOUR

On this stage the control request is executed via:
 I/O boards
 IED communication
 System supervisor of the controller for system outputs
The execution via I/O boards is performed only if the controller is in “operational” mode. If the controller is in
“test” mode, the output relay is not set. In this event the controller simulates a positive acknowledgement of
hardware execution. It allows to perform control sequence safety in order to test Automatisms configuration,
control sequence configuration etc. Controls to IEDs are sent if the controller is in “operational” mode or
“test” mode.
6.1.9.1 EXECUTION VIA I/O BOARDS

According to the devices features the execution of the control via I/O boards may be performed using:
 Single Points Control

 Double Control Points
 Digital Setpoints
 Analogue Setpoints
Single Point Control and Double Point Control
However, the execution control sequence depends on the activation mode of the xPC. By configuration, this
activation mode of SPC and DPC may be “transient”, “permanent” or “permanent until feedback”.
 Transient: the contact is closed and then re-opened automatically after a delay (defined during the
configuration of the xPC). For a DPC, configuration gives two delays need to be configured, one for
open and one for close.
 Permanent: For this type of output control, the contact is held in the requested position state until the
a reverse order is received.
 Permanent until feedback: The contact is held in the requested position state until confirmation of
the position of the device or after timeout awaiting the new position of the device. In this event, the
input information of the device status must be configured.
Digital and Analogue Setpoints
Digital Setpoints are executed via Digital Output boards. This type of control is managed in “Direct Execute
mode” only.
Analogue Setpoints are executed via Analogue Output boards. This type of control is managed in “Direct
Execute mode” only.
6.1.9.2 EXECUTION VIA IED COMMUNICATION

When an execution request is performed via IED communication, the requested order is converted to a
message to be sent to the IEDs, according the communication protocol.
6.1.9.3 SYSTEM CONTROLS EXECUTION

For systems outputs the controller activate/deactivate the associated function (ATCC, controller mode, etc)
and if a specific system input (SPS or DPS) is configured for this control, it takes the requested state and it
stored in non-volatile memory.

6.1.10 CONTROLS TIME SEQUENCING

Time sequencing of control is dependent of its configuration:
 Control mode: Direct Execute, SBO once, SBO many

 Device features: selection control wired/not wired, selection position wired/not wired, device position
wired/not wired and so on
 Output control type: permanent , pulse

 Destination: I/O board, IED
 Time-out delays: selection phase time-out, selection Feedback delays, open/close Feedback delay
and so on.
6.1.10.1 DIRECT EXECUTE TIME SEQUENCING

The timing diagram shows an example of normal termination on Direct Execute sequence.
DPC open
(resp. close)
DPS open/ resp close
(close/ resp open)
Feedback Delay
CO Pulse Delay
0-60s
0-5s
3 4 5
1 execution request C0323ENa
Figure 45: Normal termination of direct execute sequence
The timing diagram below shows an abnormal termination of Direct Execute sequence. The device has not
taken the expected position in the given delay.

DPC open
(resp. close)
SPS close
(resp. open)
SPS open
(resp. close)
Feedback Delay
CO Pulse Delay
0-60s
0-5s
3 4 5
Figure 46: Abnormal termination of direct execute sequence
6.1.10.2 SBO ONCE TIME SEQUENCING

The configurations below are given as examples
Device Configuration A: the optional selection control and Selection position information are configured
The timing diagram below shows a normal termination of the control sequence.
Selection of the
device
Selection position
input
Device output control
Device status
Open/Close Selection
Selection
Feedback Feedback
Feedback
Selection time-out Delay Delay
Delay
0-60s
0-1 s 1-10mn 0-1 s
2 5
1 3 4
Selection phase Execution phase
C0325ENa
Figure 47: Normal termination of the control sequence
 Stage 1: device selection (closing the associated output control)

 Stage 2: the selection is confirmed by the associated input information in the feedback delay (0 – 1-
sec user selectable)
 Stage 3: close the device before the end of the selection timeout delay (0 – 10 MN user selectable)
 Stage 4: the device has taken the expected position (close) in the feedback delay (0–60 sec user
selectable). The controller deselect the device (open selection output control)
 Stage 5: confirmation of the deselecting of the device in the same given delay than stage 2.
The timing diagram below shows controls sequence that is aborted after time-out of the selection delay.

Selection of the
device
Selection position
input
Device output
control
Device status
Input information
Selection Selection
Feedback Feedback Delay
Delay Selection time-out
0-1 s 1-10mn 0-1 s
1 2 3 4
Selection phase
C0326ENa
Figure 48: Aborted control sequence

 Stage 2: the selection is confirmed by the associated input information in feedback delay
 Stage 3: timeout of the delay - the device is deselected
 Stage 4: confirmation of the deselecting of the device
Device Configuration B: the optional selection control is configured and Selection position information is
not configured
The timing diagram below shows a normal termination of the control sequence.
Selection of the
device
Output Control Of
The Device
Device status
Open/Close
Feedback
Selection time-out Delay
0-60s
1-10mn
1 2 3
Execution phase
Selection phase
C0327ENa
Figure 49: Normal termination of the control sequence

 Stage 2: close the device before the end of the selection timeout delay (0 – 10 MN user selectable)
 Stage 3: The device has taken the expected position (close) in the feedback delay (0–1-sec user
selectable). The controller deselect the device (open selection output control)
6.1.10.3 SBO MANY TIME SEQUENCING

SBO many mode is exclusively used for control of transformers. Refer to associated section.

6.1.11 HOW AN XPS STARTS A CONTROL SEQUENCE

The supervision datapoints, referred to as xPS, include:
 Single Point Status (SPS)

 Double Point Status (DPS)
 Multi Point Status (MPS)
The xPS datapoints allow you to start a device control sequence: for example, an operator control from a
hardwired mimic. These xPS datapoints start the control in the same way when the IEC 61850-8-1 or the
local C26x HMI start the control. The sequence cancel command is not permitted. Only Direct Execute (DE)
types of controls are permitted.
6.1.11.1 HOW ALSTOM DS AGILE MANAGES THE PRIORITY OF CONTROL SEQUENCES

To manage the priority of control sequences, Alstom DS Agile defines an optional "synoptic
Local/Remote (L/R)". Each day, you can configure the priority between the actual "Bay L/R" and the "
Synoptic L/R". For example,
Bay 01:
Bay L/R Priority 1 Local Remote
Synoptic L/R Priority 2 n/a Local
Control authorized -> Local Control Display (LCD) xPS
Bay 02:
Bay L/R Priority 2 n/a Local
Synoptic L/R Priority 1 Local Remote
Control authorized -> xPS LCD
If you do not configure the “synoptic Local/Remote”, the control issued from an xPS is accepted no matter
what the Bay Local/Remote mode.

6.2 CONTROL OF NON SYNCHRONIZED BREAKERS
6.2.1 NON SYNCHRONIZED CIRCUIT-BREAKER FEATURES

For the circuit-breakers, the table that follows gives the inputs and outputs that are controlled by the
controller:
Three-pole circuit breakers Single pole circuit breakers
OUTPUTS CB OUTPUTS CB INPUTS CB OUTPUTS CB OUTPUTS INPUTS
TYPE A TYPE B (4) ALL TYPES TYPE A TYPE B (4) ALL TYPES
SPS/ DPS physical
position of phase A
DPS physical DPC control for open
phase A SPS/ DPS physical
position of the
position of phase B
SPC control for device(1 phase) DPC control for open
DPC control open of device DPC control for phase B (pulse) SPS/ DPS physical
for open/close SPS (optional) phase open/close of
DEVICE position of phase C
of device SPC control for not together device DPC control for open
CONTROL system SPS phase
close of device information phase C
not together
system DPS the DPC control for close
information (2)
feedback of the of device
control (1) system DPS: the
feedback of the
control (3)
SPC /DPC
(optional) SPC /DPC SPS /DPS (optional) SPC /DPC SPC /DPC (optional) SPS /DPS (optional)
DEVICE
control of (optional) control device selection (optional) control control of device device selection
SELECTION
device of device selection position information of device selection selection position information
selection
1 The computed double signal is equal to the physical status if the phase not together status is equal to
“false” else the computed signal is equal to “jammed”.
2 The computed “phases not together” is equal to “false” if all phases are in the same position else it is
equal to “true”.
3 The computed signal is equal to the phase A status if the phase not together status is equal to “false”
else the computed signal is equal to “jammed”.
4 Only the “DPC close “ is known by the other IEC 61850-8-1 device:
 For open the device they send the “DPC close” with “open” request
 For close the device they send the “DPC close” with “close” request
6.2.2 CONTROL SEQUENCE OF NON-SYNCHRONISED CIRCUIT-BREAKERS

Circuit-breakers devices are managed in “Direct Execute” mode and in “SBO once” mode. Refer to the
generic description above.

6.3 CONTROL OF SYNCHRONISED BREAKERS

Circuit-breakers devices are managed in “SBO once” mode only. The following paragraph describes the
specific features of synchronised circuit-breakers whether they are synchronised by an external or by an
internal synchrocheck module.
6.3.1 SYNCHRONISED CIRCUIT-BREAKER FEATURES

For the circuit-breakers, the table that follows gives the inputs and outputs that are controlled by the
controller:
Three-pole circuit breakers Single pole circuit breakers
OUTPUTS CB OUTPUTS CB INPUTS CB ALL OUTPUTS (6) OUTPUTS INPUTS ALL
TYPE A TYPE B (6) TYPES TYPE A TYPE B TYPES
SPC/DPC
control for open
SPS/DPS physical
phase A
SPS/DPS physical position of phase A
SPC/DPC
DPC control for SPC control for
position of the DPC control for control for open SPS/DPS physical
open/close of device (1 phase) open/close of position of phase B
open of device phase B
device SPS (optional) device SPS/DPS physical
SPC control for SPC/DPC
SPC/DPC phase not together SPC/DPC position of phase C
DEVICE CONTROL close of device control for open
control for close information control for close phase C system SPS/DPS
with SPC/DPC control with
system DPS phase not together
synchrocheck for close with synchrocheck SPC/DPC
optional): the information (2)
(5) synchrocheck (5) (5) control for close
feedback of the system DPS: the
of device
control (1) feedback of the
SPC control for
control (3)
close with
synchrocheck
SPS (optional) SPS (optional)
SPC (optional) SPC (optional) SPC (optional) SPC (optional)
device selection device selection
DEVICE SELECTION control of device control of device control of device control of device
position position
selection selection selection selection
information information
SPS/DPS
SPC/DPC SPC/DPC SPS/DPS SPC/DPC SPC/DPC
/DPS(optional)
SYNCHROCHECK (optional) control (optional) control of (optional) ON/OFF (optional) control (optional) control
ON/OFF
SET ON/SET OFF (4) of ON/OFF ON/OFF synchrocheck of ON/OFF of ON/OFF
synchrocheck
synchrocheck synchrocheck information synchrocheck synchrocheck
information
1 The computed double signal is equal to the physical status if the phase not together status is equal to
“false” else the computed signal is equal to “jammed”.
2 The computed “phases not together” is equal to “false” if all phases are in the same position else it is
equal to “true”.
3 The computed signal is equal to the phase A status if the phase not together status is equal to “false”
else the computed signal is equal to “jammed”.
4 Wired SPC and SPS for external synchrocheck and system SPC and SPS for internal synchrocheck. If
is not configured the external synchrocheck module or the synchrocheck function is considered always
“set on”. DPC and DPS are used only for manual synchrocheck.
5 For external synchrocheck only.

 “Open” control sequence of synchronised circuit-breakers remains identical to the non-synchronised

circuit-breakers.
 “Close” control sequence is different according to the configuration the synchrocheck type:
 External synchrocheck: The closure of the device is assumed by an external synchrocheck module
 Internal synchrocheck: The closure of the device is assumed by an internal synchrocheck function
A Close control sequence can be configured with:
 Manual set on of the external synchrocheck module or internal synchrocheck function

 Automatic set on of the external synchrocheck module or internal synchrocheck function
Furthermore, waiting closes the CB by the external module the initiator of the request may:
 Cancel the request

 Close the device by forcing request
6.3.2 CIRCUIT-BREAKERS WITH EXTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK
6.3.2.1 CLOSE CB BY EXTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK SET TO "AUTOMATIC"

The following scheme shows a “close” control for a device in which the external synchrocheck module is
enabled automatically by the controller.
SPC close with SPC Select device

synchrocheck C26X
CIRCUIT
SPC/DPC ON/OFF BREAKER
(1) synchrocheck Synchro
(2) Check
(3) Module
OI SPC Close with

synchrocheck
or SPC/DPC
MES/MHS
GATE synchrocheck
WAY
DPC open/Close
device
select close
Execute close (x) sequences order
force close
C0328ENa
Figure 50: Close CB by external synchrocheck set to "automatic"
The “close” control sequence performed on the C26x is done as follows:

Selection phase:
1 If the control is configured, enable synchrocheck module
2 If configured, check synchrocheck on/off information related to the output
3 If configured, close the device selection output to select the device
4 If configured, check selection device input information associated to the output
5 Wait for the execution request or timeout selection
In the event of a failure of one of these operations, the controls sequence is stopped with a negative
acknowledgement

Execution phase:
1 Close the device using synchrocheck output control
2 Check that the device position become close in the given delay
3 Disable synchrocheck module if it was previously enabled
4 Deselect the device if it previously selected
The timing diagram below shows a successful control sequence “close with synchrocheck”.
SPC ON/OFFt Sync
SPS ON/OFF Sync
SPC select
SPS select
SPC sync close
DPC open/close
device
DPS open
close
Feedback Feedback Feedback for DO

Delay Delay Selection timeOut sync close
0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

1 2 3 4 5
1 selection request 3 execution request 5 End of control

C0329ENa
Figure 51: Timing diagram of a successful "close with synchrocheck"
The timing diagram below shows an abnormal termination of control sequence “close with synchrocheck”.
The device has not taken the expected position “close” in the given delay. The control sequence is aborted
with negative acknowledgement, deselecting previously synchrocheck and device.

SPC ON/OFF Sync
SPS ON/OFF Sync
SPC select
SPS select
SPC sync close
DPC open/close
device
DPS open
close

0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

1 2 3 4 5

C0330ENa
Figure 52: Abnormal termination of "close with synchrocheck"
6.3.2.2 CLOSE CB BY EXTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK SET TO "MANUAL"

By configuration the “close” control of the device may be done in two or three control sequences:
Two sequences:
 A “Direct Execute” sequence to put in service the external synchrocheck module

 An SBO once sequence to close the CB by the synchrocheck module and put out of service the
synchrocheck module
Three sequences:
 A “Direct Execute” sequence to put in service the external synchrocheck module

 An SBO once sequence to close the CB by the synchrocheck module
 A “direct execute” sequence to put out service the external synchrocheck module
The scheme that follows shows a close control request where an operator at the OI or gateway manually
manages the external synchrocheck module.

DPC open/close
device SPC Select device
C26X
CIRCUIT
(2) SPC/DPC ON/OFF BREAKER
(3) synchrocheck
(4) Synchro
Check
(1)
Module
OI SPC/DPC “SET SPC/DPC Close
or ON” synchrocheck with synchrocheck
GATE
WAY
(5)
SPC/DPC “SET
OFF”synchrocheck
(optional)
DPC open/Close
device
Direct execute The external synchrocheck module is set off automatically at the
end of the SBO sequence (if it is configured)
select close
Execute close
(x) sequences order
force close
C0331ENa
Figure 53: Close control request
First sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE): Enable the external synchrocheck module:

1 Close “set on/setoff” output control of the synchrocheck module
2 Check that the synchrocheck module is set (if on/off synchrocheck input information is configured)
In the event of a failure of one of these operations, the sequence ends with a negative acknowledgement
Second sequence (SBO ONCE): Close the device with synchrocheck:
Selection phase:
1 Close device selection output to select the device (if is configured)
2 Check selection device input information associated to the output (if is configured)
4 In the event of a failure of one of these operations the controls sequence is stopped with a negative
acknowledgement
Execution phase:
1 Close the device via the “close with synchrocheck” control
2 Check that the device position becomes closed within the given delay
3 Disable the synchrocheck module if is configured to be disabled automatically
Third sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE): disable the external synchrocheck module
This sequence takes place only if setting the synchrocheck module off is configured to “manual”
1 Open “set on/setoff” output control of the synchrocheck module
2 Check that the synchrocheck module is enabled (if on/off synchrocheck input information is
configured)
The timing diagram below shows a successful control sequence “close with synchrocheck” performed in
three sequences. In the event of an automatic “setting off” of the synchrocheck module the timing diagram
remain identical. It is performed at the end of the SBO sequence.

SPC ON/OFF Sync
SPS ON/OFF Sync
SPC select
device
SPS select device
SPC sync close
DPC open/close
device
DPS open
close

0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

3
1 2 4 5 6
1 DE request set on 3 selection request : 4 execution request 5 DE request set 6 End of control
synchrocheck close the device off synchrocheck
C0332ENa
Figure 54: Successful close with synchrocheck
Note: During SBO sequence after step 5 the initiator of the request may force the closing of the device.
6.3.2.3 CLOSE SYNCHRONIZED CIRCUIT-BREAKERS WITH FORCING

The timing diagram below shows controls sequence “close with synchrocheck” with “forcing close request”.
The SBO sequence is performed in the same way whether the synchrocheck module is enabled manually or
automatically.
Awaiting the device to be closed by the external synchrocheck module, the initiator of the request force to
“close without synchrocheck”

SPC select Sync

(optional)
SPS select Sync

(optional)
SPC select
(optional)
SPS select
(optional)
SPC sync close
Forcing on DPC
close : DPC close
is set
SPS open
close
Feedback Delay Feedback Selection Timeout Feedback for DO sync close Feedback
Delay Delay
0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn 0-20s

1 2 3 4 5 6
3 execution request 4 synchrocheck bypass 5 End of control

1 selection request C0333ENa
Figure 55: “Close with synchrocheck” with “forcing close request”
6.3.2.4 CANCEL CLOSE CB WITH EXTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK

While waiting to close the device (0 to 60 mn) by the external synchrocheck module, the initiator of the close
request may cancel this one by a “cancel request”.
The timing diagram below shows a cancel close request awaiting to close the device by the external
synchrocheck module.
SPC select Sync
SPS select Sync
SPC select
SPS select
SPC sync close
DPS open
close
Feedback Feedback FeedBack Delay

Delay Delay Selection timeOut
0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

3 4 5 6
1 2

4 Operator « CANCEL »
C0334ENa
Figure 56: Cancel close request

6.3.3 CIRCUIT-BREAKERS WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK

On this configuration synchrocheck is assumed by an internal controller automatism, that proceeds to the
synchrocheck voltage calculations and gives or not the closing authorisation the device.
The controls sequence remains similar with the external synchrocheck except for the setting on/off of the
synchrocheck and close with synchrocheck output control that do not exist on this configuration
6.3.3.1 CLOSE CB WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK SET TO "AUTOMATIC"

The following sequence describes a circuit-breaker “close” request with internal synchrocheck in “SBO
once” mode. Synchrocheck function is enabled automatically.
SPC/DPC system ON/OFF

Synchrocheck function
SPC/DPC close SPC/DPC Select

with synchrocheck device
C26X
CIRCUIT
(1) BREAKER
(2) Synchrocheck
(3) module
OI
or SPC/ DPC system
GATEWAY Close with
synchrocheck
DPC Close device
Select close
(x) sequence order
Execute close
Force close
C0335ENb
Figure 57: Close CB with internal synchrocheck set to "automatic"
Selection phase:
3 Wait for the execution close request or timeout selection
In the event of a failure of one of these operations, the device is deselected and the controls sequence is
aborted with a negative acknowledgement.
Execution phase:
1 Activate the associated internal synchrocheck function for closing authorisation the device
2 Wait closing authorisation
Event 1: Synchrocheck function responds OK before the time-out of the given delay
1 Close the device
2 Deselect the device (if it was previously selected)
3 Send a positive acknowledgement
Event 2: Synchrocheck function responds NO before the time-out of the given delay

2 Send a negative acknowledgement

Event 3: time-out of the given delay without synchrocheck response
1 Stop the synchrocheck function
Event 4: reception of cancel request awaiting synchrocheck response
1 Stop the synchrocheck function
The timing diagram below shows a successful control sequence “close with internal synchrocheck”.
SPC select
SPS select
Close/open
Device control
DPS open
close
Feedback Feedback feedback Delay

Delay Delay Selection time-out
0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

1 2 3 4 5
1 selection close request 3 execution request 5 End of control

C0336ENa
The timing diagram below shows an abnormal termination of control sequence “close with internal
synchrocheck”.

SPC select
SPS select
Close/open
Device contro
DPS open
close

0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

1 2 3 4 5
1 selection close request 3 execution request 5 End of control

C0337ENa
6.3.3.2 CLOSE CB WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK SET TO "MANUAL"

The following sequence describes a circuit-breaker “close” request with internal synchrocheck in “SBO
once” mode. The synchrocheck function is enabled by a separate direct execute control.
SPC/ DPC Close

with synchrocheck
SPC open/close SPC Select device

device C26X
CIRCUIT
(2) BREAKER
(3) Synchro
(4) Check
Module
OI SPC/ DPC set on

synchrocheck
or (1)
GATE
WAY
(5)
SPC/DPC set off

synchrocheck DPC open/Close
device
Direct execute
The external synchrocheck module is set off automatically at the
select close end of the SBO sequence (if it is configured)
Execute close
(x) sequences order
force close C0338ENa
Figure 58: Close CB with internal synchrocheck set to "manual"

First sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE): Enable the internal synchrocheck function:

1 Enable synchrocheck function for the device
2 Set system input “on/off synchrocheck” (if its is configured)
Second sequence (SBO ONCE): close the device with synchrocheck
Selection phase:
4 In the event of a failure of one of these operations the controls sequence is stopped with a negative
acknowledgement
Execution phase:
5 Ask to the internal automatism to close the device
Note: The initiator of the request may force the closing of the device.
1 Check that the device's position becomes closed within the set time-delay
2 Disable the synchrocheck function if is configured to be disabled automatically
Third sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE): disable the internal synchrocheck function
This sequence occurs only if the setting off of the synchrocheck function is configured “manual”
1 Disable the synchrocheck function
2 Reset system input “on/off synchrocheck” (if it is configured)
6.3.3.3 CLOSE CB WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK WITH FORCING

Awaiting authorization from the internal synchrocheck for closing the device, the initiator of the request may
force the closing.
After time-out of the given delay without synchrocheck response
 Stop the synchrocheck function

 Close the device
 Deselect the device (if it was previously selected)
 Send a positive acknowledgement

SPC select
SPS select
Close via output

control
DPS open
close

0-1 s 0-5 s 0-10mn 0-60mn

1 2 3 4 5
6
C0339ENa
Figure 59: Close CB with internal synchrocheck with forcing

6.3.4 CIRCUIT-BREAKERS WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK FOR 2 BUSBARS

The diagram below shows the electrical topology supported to synchronise 2 circuit-breakers using the C26x
bay controller with a TMU220 board and the synchrocheck type 1 feature.
To select the busbar, the user must set an SPS (wired or using a SPC) before trying to close the circuit-
breaker.
Busbar 1 voltage
Busbar 1 wired on VI#4 or VI#5
input of the TMU220
board
Circuit-breaker 1
Feeder
VA, VB,VC Line voltage wired on
VI#1, VI#2 and VI#3
input of the TMU220
board
Circuit-breaker 2
Busbar 2 voltage
wired on VI#4 or VI#5
input of the TMU220
Busbar 2 board
C1071ENa
Figure 60: Topology for internal synchrocheck for 2 busbars
6.3.4.1 CLOSE CB WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK FOR 2 BUSBARS, SET TO "AUTOMATIC"

The following sequence describes a circuit-breaker "close" request with internal synchrocheck in SBO once
mode.
The Synchrocheck function is enabled automatically.
In direct execute mode the process is similar to having only one CB, apart from having to select one CB.
First sequence depending on the configuration (DIRECT EXECUTE):
Enable the SPS "Busbar choice" to select the busbar voltage that will be synchronised with the line:
1 Select the busbar voltage
2 The SPS is set to the target busbar
Second sequence (SBO ONCE): close the device with synchrocheck"
Selection phase:
1 Close the device selection output to select the device (if it is configured)
2 Check the selection device input information associated with the output (if it is configured)
3 Wait for the execution of the close request or timeout selection

If one of these operations fails, the device is deselected and the controls sequence is aborted with a
Execution phase:
1 Enable the associated internal synchrocheck function to authorise CB closure
2 Wait for the close authorisation
3 Check that the device's position becomes closed within the set time-delay.
4 Disable the synchrocheck function if it is configured to be disabled automatically
5 Deselect the device if it was previously selected
SPC/DPC system
SPC/DPC close ON/OFF
with Synchrocheck
synchrocheck function
DS Agile BCU SPC Select device CIRCUIT

BREAKER 1
connected to
(2) busbar 1 and
(3) wired on
(4) TMU220
busbar 1
SPC/DPC
OPERATOR System Close
INTERFACE with
synchrocheck
or Synchrocheck DPC Open/
function Close device
GATEWAY
SPC/DPC close
with CIRCUIT
synchrocheck BREAKER 2
(2) connected to
(3) busbar 2 and
(4) wired on
TMU220
busbar 2
SPS selected busbar
SPC select
(1) busbar
Select close The SPS "selected

Execute close busbar" can be set by a
Forceclose command or wired
C1058ENa
(x) sequence order
Figure 61: Close CB with internal synchrocheck for 2 busbars, set to "automatic"
6.3.4.2 CLOSE CB WITH INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK FOR 2 BUSBARS, SET TO "MANUAL"

mode. The Synchrocheck function is enabled by a separate direct execute command.
First sequence depending on the configuration (DIRECT EXECUTE):
Enable the SPS "Busbar choice" to select the busbar voltage that will be synchronised with the line:
1 Select the busbar voltage
2 The SPS is set to the target busbar

Second sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE) - Enable the internal synchrocheck function:

1 Enable the synchrocheck function for the device
2 Set the system input "on/off synchrocheck" (if it is configured)
Third sequence (SBO ONCE) - Close the device with synchrocheck:
Selection phase:
4 If one of these operations fails the controls sequence is terminated with a negative acknowledgement
Execution phase:
1 Ask the internal S/C function to close the device.
Third sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE) - Disable the internal synchrocheck function:
This sequence takes place only if disabling of the synchrocheck function is set to "manual"
1 Disable the synchrocheck function
2 Reset the system input "on/off synchrocheck" (if it is configured)
Note: During the SBO sequence, after step 5, the initiator of the request may force CB closure.

SPC/DPC close with SPC/DPC system ON/OFF

synchrocheck Synchrocheck function
DS Agile BCU SPC Select device

CIRCUIT
Circuit Breaker 1 BREAKER 1
connected to
(3)
busbar 1 and
(4) wired on
(5) TMU220
busbar 1
OPERATOR Enable
INTERFACE synchrocheck
(2)
DPC
or (6) Synchrocheck Open/
Disable Close
synchrocheck function
device
GATEWAY SPC/DPC close
with
synchrocheck
CIRCUIT
Circuit Breaker 2 BREAKER 2
(3) connected to
busbar 2 and
(4)
wired on
(5)
TMU220
busbar 2
(1)
SPC select bus
bar
The external synchrocheck

Select close The SPS "Busbar selected" is set
module is disabled
Execute close by a SPC or can be wired
automatically at the end of
Forceclose SBO sequence (if it is
configured)
(x) sequence order C1059ENa
Figure 62: Close CB with internal synchrocheck for 2 busbars, set to "manual"

6.3.5 CIRCUIT-BREAKERS WITH INTERNAL MULTIPLEXED SYNCHROCHECK

(BREAKER-AND-A-HALF TOPOLOGY)
In this configuration, the synchronism check is performed by the internal synchrocheck function. It compares
the voltages of only 2 VTs at a time and gives or not the close authorisation the corresponding CB.
Note: The multiplexed synchrocheck function can only manage manual closure (it cannot be used as part of an
autoreclose sequence).
The control sequence is similar to that of internal synchrocheck Type 1 but this function the same
synchrocheck can close 3 circuits breakers (one by one) using a TMU220 board wired on the first four
voltage inputs.
The diagram below shows the supported electrical topology supported by the Synchrocheck Type 3 function:
breaker-and-a-half diameter.
Busbar 1 Busbar 1 voltage wired on VI#3

input of the TMU220 board
Circuit-breaker 1
VT-L1
Feeder 1 Only one Line phase voltage
wired on VI#2 input of the
TMU220 board
Circuit-breaker 2
(TIE)
VT-L2
Feeder 2 Only one Line phase voltage
wired on VI#4 input of the
TMU220 board
Circuit-breaker 3
Busbar 2 voltage wired on VI#5

input of the TMU220 board
Busbar 2
C1072ENa
Figure 63: Circuit-breakers with internal multiplexed synchrocheck (breaker-and-a-half topology)
A fixed allocation between the measurement points (Line 1, Line 2, Busbar 1, Busbar 2) and the TMU220's
voltage inputs is defined as follows:
Wiring TMU220 inputs VTs Meas't points
Pins 21-22 VI#1 VT-L1 Line 1


Pins 25-26 VI#3 VT-B1 Busbar 1
The circuit-breakers are typed as follows:
 Line 1 circuit-breaker (CB1)

(3 possible voltage checks: VT-B1/VT-L1; VT-B1/VT-L2; VT-B1/VT-B2)
 Tie circuit-breaker (CB2)

(4 possible voltage checks: VT-L1/VT-L2; VT-L1/VT-B2; VT-B1/VT-L2; VT-B1/VT-B2)

For each of the 3 CBs, the following SPS datapoints are available:
The following 4 voltage selection SPSs are available:
 CBx with VT-B1

 CBx with VT-B2
 CBx with VT-L1
 CBx with VT-L2
These SPS are managed in a programmable scheme logic which checks that only 2 SPS datapoints are
SET at the same time.
If there is an error on these SPS states the command will be rejected as inconsistent.
6.3.5.1 CLOSE CB WITH INTERNAL MULTIPLEXED SYNCHROCHECK, NECESSARILY SET TO

"MANUAL"
mode. The Synchrocheck function is enabled by a separate direct execute command.
First sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE) - Enable the internal synchrocheck function:
1 Enable the synchrocheck function for the device
2 Set system input "on/off synchrocheck" (if it is configured)
Second sequence (SBO ONCE) - Close the device with synchrocheck"
Selection phase:
4 If one of these operations fails the controls sequence is terminated with a negative acknowledgement
Execution phase:
1 Ask the internal automatism to close the device.

Third sequence (DIRECT EXECUTE) - Disable the internal synchrocheck function

This sequence takes place only if disabling of the synchrocheck function is set to "manual"
1 Disable synchrocheck function
2 Reset system input "on/off synchrocheck" (if it is configured)
Note: During the SBO sequence, after step 1 of the Execution phase, the initiator of the request may force the CB
closure.
SPC/DPC close with

synchrocheck
SPC Select device
CIRCUIT DS Agile BCU CIRCUIT

(2) BREAKER 1
BREAKER 1
(3)
(4)
CIRCUIT
BREAKER 2 (2) CIRCUIT
(3) BREAKER 2
(4)
CIRCUIT
BREAKER 3 (2)
(3)
OPERATOR (4) CIRCUIT
INTERFACE BREAKER 3
or
GATEWAY
Fonction
SPC/DPC system Synchrocheck
ON/OFF fonction MUX 1/3
synchrocheck DPC Open/
Close
device
(1)
(5)
Select close
Execute close
(x) sequence order
Forceclose
The external synchrocheck module is disabled Synchrocheck MUX 1/3

automatically at the end of SBO sequence (if it is function
configured) C1061ENa
Figure 64: Close CB with internal multiplexed synchrocheck
The control sequence is similar to that of the internal synchrocheck Type 1, set to "manual".
But in this case, only SBOs are supported to close the CB so as to ensure that the synchronism is checked
between the VTs corresponding to the selected CB.

in this case the Synchrocheck

function will check voltages to
VI#2 and VI#5
3s required
SPS VI#2
SPS VI#3
SPS VI#4
SPS VI#5
SPC ON/OFF Sync
SPS ON/OFF Sync
SPC select
SPS select
SPC sync close
DPC open/close
device
DPS open
close
Selection
Feedback Delay Feedback Delay Feedback for DO
time-out
sync close
3 5 6
6 End of control
0-1s 0-5 s 0-10 mn 0-60 mn
1 2 5 DE request
selection request disables
1 Selection request : close the device 4 execution request
synchrocheck C1074ENa
Figure 65: Close CB with internal multiplexed synchrocheck

6.4 CONTROL OF DISCONNECTORS
6.4.1 DISCONNECTORS FEATURES

The C26x manages all types of disconnecting switches such as:
 Disconnectors
 Earthing switches
 Quick break switches
Disconnectors switches
Outputs type A Inputs all types
Device control DPC control for open/close of device DPS physical position of the device
SPS (optional) device selection position
Device selection SPC (optional) control of device selection
information
6.4.2 CONTROL SEQUENCE OF DISCONNECTORS

The control sequence of disconnectors is identical to control sequence of the non-synchronized circuit-
breakers.
6.5 CONTROL OF TRANSFORMERS
6.5.1 TRANSFORMER FEATURES

Outputs Inputs
TPI value
Transformer control DPC: raise/lower SPS (optional) tap change in progress
(TCIP)
Transformer selection SPC (optional) transformer selection SPS (optional) selection position information
Transformer type (see note 1) Double wound or Auto-wound
Note 1: Transformer type (auto-wound or double-wound) is user selectable.
Double wound (or two winding transformer) is a transformer with galvanic isolation between primary and
secondary coil. Tap Changer (with additional winding) is usually located at HV-neutral side for economic
reasons. Tapping-up (raise order) reduces primary winding and increases LV tension.
Auto-wound (or auto-transformer or single wound) is a transformer without galvanic isolation between
primary and secondary. Secondary coil follows primary coil, (winding are serial). Tap Changer (with tap of
additional winding) is serial. Increasing tap position (raise order) acts simultaneously on primary and
secondary, it reduces transformer ratio then voltage at LV side.
6.5.2 CONTROL SEQUENCE OF TRANSFORMERS

You can control the transformers in the three modes “Direct Execute”, “SBO once” and “SBO many”.
In addition to the selection and execution checks described in the previous paragraphs the following checks
are performed:
 A “raise” control is refused if the current tap position value corresponds to the maximum position of
the tap.

 A “lower” control is refused if the current tap position value corresponds to the minimum position of
the tap.
 In the event of a “go to min”, “go to max” or “go to position x” request, an internal automatism (via
ISAGRAF) has to be added. This automatism generates the desired controls sequences in order to
reach automatically the expected position. It may generate “Direct execute”, “SBO once” or “SBO
many” sequences according the configuration of the device
Note:
If the command of a transformer is configured in SBO many mode, it is impossible to configure the requests “go to min”,
“go to max”
TCIP feature: The TCIP input information (tap change in progress), is used to confirm the right execution of
the low/raise execution. Two delays are given by the configuration for the TCIP management:
 TCIP apparition delay: The TCIP information must appear before the time-out of this delay.
 TCIP disappearance delay: The TCIP information must disappear before the time-out of this delay.
TPI feature: Because the TCIP input information is not always configured, the tap control is performed using
only the Tap Position Indication (TPI) value to check the correct execution of the request. The TPI value
must change in the given delay.
The following examples are given in “SBO many” mode that is the more complex. The main difference with
the “SBO once” mode remains to the possibility to execute many “raise” or “low” controls before ending the
sequence. Moreover, the device is not deselected automatically but only after an unselect order sent by the
initiator of the control request.
6.5.2.1 CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER WITH TCIP

In this mode, when the TCIP input information is configured, the selection and execution phase are
performed as follows: It is possible by configuration to prevent to have more than one control at a time.
Selection phase:
1 Close device selection output to select the device (if configured)
3 Wait for the execution request (low/raise) or timeout selection
In the event of a failure of one of these operations, the device is deselected, the controls sequence is
Execution phase:
1 In agreement with the request “raise or lower” and the type of device, execute the associate control
2 Wait for the TCIP data and TIP value to confirm execution. Two events:
 Event 1: The TCIP information appears and is disappears in the given delays, the TPI takes the
expected value: The controller sends a positive acknowledgement and waits a new request
(execution or unselection).
 Event 2: Timeout awaiting the TCIP appearance or disappearance, or the TPI value is wrong: The
device is deselected (if it was previously selected), and the sequence is aborted with a negative
acknowledgement.
3 Wait for the new execution request or unselection request to deselect the device
 In the event of a new request the controller repeat the steps 4 and 5.
 In the event of a deselection request the controller deselects the device (if it was previously
selected), and ends the sequence with a positive acknowledgement

The timing diagram below shows a successful sequence with device selection, two “raise” controls and
device unselection.
SPC select
(optional)
SPS select
(optional)
DPC raise/lower
OPEN
TPI Value
(1)
raise/lower
CLOSE
SPS TCIP
FeedbackSelection TCIP
Pulse
Delay timeOut disappearance FeedBack
Delay
time Delay Delay
0-5 s 4
0-1 s 0-10mn TCIP apparition 0-1 s 0-1 s

time Delay
11 End of control
1 2 3 0-5 s
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 selection “raise” request
3 first execution 6 second execution 10 unselect request
request request
C0340ENa
Note (1): The TPI value must take the expected value at least at the end of TCIP disappearance

The timing diagram below shows an abnormal termination of tap changer control sequence due to absence
TCIP confirmation. In this event the device is automatically deselected and the sequence ends with a
SPC select
(optional)
SPS select
(optional)
OPEN
raise/lower
CLOSE
SPS TCIP
TIP value
Feedback Selection FeedBack

Pulse
Delay timeOut Delay
Delay
4
0-5 s
0-1 s 0-10mn 0-1 s
TCIP apparition time
1 2 Delay 5 6
1 selection request “raise” 6 End of control
3 0-5 s
6.5.2.2 CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER WITHOUT TCIP

In event the TCIP input information is not configured the selection and execution phase are performed as
follows:
Selection phase:
1 Close the device selection output to select the device (if configured)
2 Check selection device input information associated to the output (if configured)
3 Wait for the execution close request or timeout selection
In the event of a failure of one of these operations, the device is deselected, the controls sequence is
Execution phase:
1 In agreement with the request “raise or lower” and the type of device, execute the related control
2 Wait for the TPI data and compare with the previous value. The difference must confirm the “low” or
“raise” execution. Two events:
 Event 1: The TPI value confirms in the given delay the execution request: The controller sends a
positive acknowledgement and waits a new request (execution or unselection) from the initiator.
 Event 2: Timeout awaiting the TPI value or unexpected TPI value: The device is deselected (if it
was previously selected), and the sequence is aborted with a negative acknowledgement.
3 Wait for the new execution request or unselection request to deselect the device
In the event of a new request the controller repeat the steps 4 and 5.

In the event of a deselection request the controller deselects the device (if it was previously selected), and
ends the sequence with a positive acknowledgement.
The timing diagram below shows a successful sequence with device selection, a raise control and device
unselection
SPC select
(optional)
SPS select
(optional)
DPC raise/lower
OPEN
raise/lower
CLOSE
TPI
feedback
Feedback Selection Delay
Pulse
Delay time-out
Delay
4
0-5 s
0-1 s 0-10mn 0-1 s
new TPI value
1 2 Delay 6
1 selection “raise” request 7 End of control
6 Unselect request
3 0-5 s 5
3 execution request
C0342ENa
The timing diagram below shows an abnormal termination due to the absence of change of the TPI value in
the given delay. The device is automatically deselected, and the sequence is aborted with negative
acknowledgement.
SPC select
(optional)
SPS select
(optional)
DPC raise/lower
OPEN
raise/lower
CLOSE
TPI
Feedback Selection FeedBack

Pulse Delay
Delay timeOut
Delay
4
0-5 s
0-1 s 0-10mn 0-1 s
new SPI value
1 2 Delay 6
1 selection request “raise”
6 End of control
3 0-5 s 5
3 execution request
C0343ENa

6.5.2.3 SUPPRESSION, FORCING OR SUBSTITUTION OF THE TPI

In the event of a suppress or substitution of TPI value the control sequence is aborted with negative
Acknowledgement. If the Forcing of the sequence is not aborted but the value of TPI taken in account during
the control sequence is the forced value.
6.6 CONTROL OF ANCILLARY DEVICES

Ancillary devices are managed in “Direct Execute” or in “SBO once” mode. Refer to generic explanations
above.
6.7 CONTROL OF INTELLIGENT ELECTRICAL DEVICES (IED)
6.7.1 CONTROL TO IEDS BY XPC

A request to control equipment via IED can be performed in 3 modes: DE, SBO once, SBO many.
6.7.1.1 DIRECT EXECUTE MODE

If execution checks are successful
1 The controller sends the control (open/close, low/raise, setpoint) via the communication protocol to
IED
2 The controller waits for IED’s control acknowledgement in the given delay (if is supported by the
protocol)
3 The controller waits for the reception of the feedback of the request (device position SPS, DPS, TPI) in
the given delay (if is configured)
In the event of a failure, in step 2 or 3 the sequence ends with a negative acknowledgement. Otherwise the
sequence ends with a positive acknowledgement.
6.7.1.2 SBO ONCE MODE

This mode can be configured only if is supported by the protocol.
Selection phase
After you perform the selection checks
1 The controller sends a selection request to the IED
2 The controller waits for a selection acknowledgement from IED in the given delay
3 The controller generates a positive or negative selection acknowledgement according to the result of
the selection phase
4 If positive acknowledgement, the controller starts selection time-out and waits execution request,
otherwise ends the controls sequence
Execution phase
1 If execution checks are successful
2 The controller sends the control, such as the open/close, low/raise, setpoint; through the
communication protocol to the IED
3 The controller waits for the IED, if supported by the protocol, to send the control acknowledgement
within the given delay
4 The controller waits for the reception of the feedback of the request, such as the device position SPS,
DPS, TPI within the given delay, if it is configured
If successful, the sequence ends with a positive acknowledgement. In the event of a failure in step 6 or 7, the
sequence ends with a negative acknowledgement

6.7.1.3 SBO MANY MODE

In comparison with the SBO once mode, in this mode, the execution phase is repeated till an unselection
request is placed. This unselection request allows you to end the sequence in the controller, and it is not
sent to the IED.
6.7.2 CONTROL TO IEDS BY DIGITAL SETTING POINT (SPC)

The available modes include: Direct Execute, Direct Execute with SBO popup (reserved to substation control
point usage).
6.8 SYSTEM CONTROLS

System control is used to activate or deactivate automatic functions, change controller’s mode, bay mode,
database management, etc.
A system output control remains internal on the controller (has no digital or IED output) and may generate a
system input information. They are managed in Direct Execute mode only. A hardware selection has no
meaning.
For some uses, such as automatism’s activation/deactivation, it is necessary to generate a system input, that
gives the state of the controlled function: for example, ATCC ON/OFF. This system input may be able to be
used by the control sequence or enter to an interlocking equation etc. The configuration process allows the
user to assign or not a system input, that may include an SPS or DPS. System inputs generated by system
outputs are stored in non-volatile memory. In the event of a the controller’s initialisation, they are restored.
6.9 KINDS OF CONTROL SEQUENCES

The control sequences automation receives three kinds of input triggers (as orders from the higher level)
with selection, execution and unselection. Control orders may have a normal or abnormal termination with
positive or negative acknowledgement to operator and to communication.
By configuration, each DRC order (close order or open order) and each SPC can activate simultaneously
two DO contacts at the same time.
6.10 CONTROL SEQUENCES CHECKS

Receiving control, the control sequence executes configured checks:
Operational conditions
 C26x mode management (Operational, Test, Maintenance..),

 IED connected,
 Substation control mode (Remote/Local),
 Bay control mode,
 SBMC mode,
 Uniqueness of control inside the substation.

Module conditions
 Inter-control delay,
 Status of the device,
 Lock condition,
 Automation already running (AR, AVR, ATCC, …),
 Interlock equations (substation, bay, local of the module).
Execution conditions
 Delays upon selection feed back, start moving, final position reached.
6.10.1 MODE MANAGEMENT

Control sequences are only performed if the controller mode is in operational mode. In test mode, control
sequences are permitted but digital outputs are not set.
6.10.2 IED CONNECTED

If a control has to be sent to an IED, it is only accepted if this IED is connected to the controller.
6.10.3 CONTROL MODE

This control sequence receives requests from the various control points:
 Automation (Auto Recloser, voltage regulation, PLC),

 C26x Local HMI,
 C26x TBUS communication from SCADA,
 Station BUS (other controller in distributed automation, Alstom DS Agile Operator Interface, Alstom DS
AGILE Gateway),
 Legacy BUS (from One Box Solution IED).

To avoid conflict between the control points, substation and bay modes are checked. Each control sequence
can be subjected or not to these checks. The switches Remote/Local can be hardware or software (saved in
non-volatile memory).
The SBMC Site Based Maintenance Control mode allows controlling one specific bay from the Local HMI or
the Operator interface even if the substation is in remote mode. This feature is dedicated to commissioning
or maintenance and offers also the possibility to filter data transmitted from the bay to SCADA.
6.10.4 UNIQUENESS OF CONTROL

It is possible by configuration to prevent having more than one control at a time:
 For the whole substation

 Inside a bay
If a device is under control and another control is sent on this device, the second one is ignored.
In the event of a uniqueness of the command at least to one of these levels the selection is refused, with
negative acknowledgement. The user may bypass this control during selection request.
6.10.5 INTER-CONTROL DELAY

For wired commands only, it is possible by configuration to define a minimum time that must elapse
between two consecutive control commands on the same device.

6.10.6 STATUS OF THE DEVICE

If the status of the device is not valid, it is possible by configuration to prevent control.
6.10.7 LOCK DEVICE

Controls are not permitted on a lock device.
6.10.8 RUNNING AUTOMATION

If there is a related automation in operation, controls are not permitted on a device.
For example controls issued from Alstom DS Agile OI or Gateway are not permitted on a transformer
controlled by voltage regulation.
6.10.9 INTERLOCKING
The operation of a switching device, such as circuit-breakers; traditional disconnecting switches;
disconnecting switches with abrupt loss; and ground disconnecting switches; is directly related to the nature
of the switch and to its environment.
To operate these devices you must respect some conditions. These conditions, called interlocking, are
managed by logical equations within the C26x.
Interlocking prohibits a control sequence that may violate the device operating condition: for example, break
capability, isolation, and so on; or plant operating condition.
6.11 HV CONTROL SEQUENCES
6.11.1 CIRCUIT-BREAKER
Several kind of circuit-breaker can be managed:
 Three phases or single phase circuit-breaker,

 Synchronized or non-synchronized, with internal or external synchrocheck,
 With and without Auto Recloser.
For three phase breaker each phase DPS is provided separately and it is managed globally by single
(grouped) control and global DPS position. Pole Discrepancy management is available.
6.11.2 DISCONNECTOR
The control sequence of disconnectors is identical to single non-synchronized circuit-breakers.
6.11.3 TRANSFORMER
Transformer position is determined using TPI (Tap Position Indication). TPI can be a Digital Measurement or
Analogue Measurement (from DC Analogue Input).
The transformer is the only device that supports the SBO Many control sequences. It is linked to voltage
regulation, also its Raise and Lower controls are defined for secondary voltage (and not tap position). Except
for auto wounded transformer, raise/lower voltage is also a raise/lower tap.

7 AUTOMATIONS
C26x provides three different ways to perform automation functions:
 Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) (True for all C26x units except for the C26x-Standalone RTUs)
 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
 Built-in automation functions
The choice between these three solutions depends on time and complexity.
7.1 BUILT-IN AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS

Within the C26x, some built-in automation functions are available and you can set them directly:
 Auto-Recloser
 xPS/xPC Association
 Pole Discrepancy
 Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR)
 Automatic Tap Change Control (ATCC)
 Synchrocheck
7.1.1 AUTO-RECLOSER (AR)
7.1.1.1 INTRODUCTION
80-90% of faults on the electrical network are transient, such as lightning or insulator flashover. When a fault
occurs, the circuit-breaker is tripped in order to protect the system.
The Auto-Recloser function is then used to close the circuit-breaker after a set time, a time that is long
enough to allow the fault to clear. This duration is called cycle delay and is defined in the database during
the configuration phase.
But, as permanent fault can occur, an auto-recloser scheme has to be provided in order to allow the
elimination of a transient fault by an open/close sequence (auto-reclosing cycle) and the elimination of
permanent fault by, after a defined number of auto-reclosing cycle (4 cycles maximum), leaving the circuit-
breaker in the open state by closing the trip relay.
A transient fault, such as a lightning strike, is one that is cleared by immediate tripping of one or more CB’s
to isolate the fault, and does not recur when the line is re-energized.
This means that in the majority of fault incidents, if the faulty line is immediately tripped out, and if time is
allowed for the arc to de-ionise, reclosure of the CB will result in the line being successfully re-energized
(Closed/Open/Closed cycle).
However, some faults will be permanent (such as a line fallen to earth). In this event the auto-recloser must
be able to react to the permanent fault, and on the first reclose and detection of the permanent fault open the
CB’s (and, if required lock out the auto-reclose functionality). (This is a Closed/Open/Closed/Open, 4 cycle
system).
Auto-recloser (AR) schemes are implemented to carry out this duty automatically.

7.1.1.2 BEHAVIOUR
The general diagram of the auto-recloser function is as follows:
Auto-recloser out
of service
In Service request
Auto-recloser in
service
TRIP /TRIP_1P_X
3 phases
no 1 phase
CB_HEALTHY Analysis of the CB_HEALTHY no
Cycle n°=1
= SET ? received trip = SET ?
yes yes
Waiting CB Waiting CB
opening opening
End of 150 ms timer End of 150 ms

CB open timer CB open
AR locked AR locked
Launch cycle timer Launch cycle timer
(for first single- (for 3-phases cycle)
phase cycle)
TRIP
TRIP_1P_X always set
End of
End of TRIP always set
timer
timer AR locked
AR locked
AR_BLOCKING no
AR_BLOCKING
no = RESET ?
= RESET ?
yes
yes
Closing the CB
Closing the CB
CB closed TRIP New CB

TRIP closed
Launch Cycle = cycle +1

recovering timer
Launch
recovering timer
End of TRIP
timer
Cycle n°=2
TRIP End of
timer
no
Last cycle ?
yes
AR locked
Figure 66: Auto-Recloser scheme logic
7.1.1.2.1 In Service / Out of service

The auto-recloser function can be in or out of service due to an operator control (through the station bus, the
controller's local HMI or a BI).
If the auto-recloser is out of service, no cycle is authorized.

If an out of service request is received during an auto-reclosing cycle, the cycle is immediately stopped.
7.1.1.2.2 Analysis of the received trip
This analysis allows you to detect the type of auto-recloser cycle, that can be:
 The first single-phase cycle

 The first 3-phase fast cycle
 The second 3-phase slow cycle
 The third 3-phase slow cycle
 The fourth 3-phase slow cycle
This detection is done by using:
 The current cycle number

 The TRIP_1P_X or TRIP signal sent by the protection relay (single-phase trip / 3-phase trip)
 The configured auto-recloser cycles
During this phase, if the CB_HEALTHY signal is not in the SET state, the cycle is not authorised and the
automation re-initialises to wait for the first cycle. The CB_HEALTHY BI is optional: if it does not exist, no
check is done.
7.1.1.2.3 Waiting CB opening
As soon as the trip has been detected, a 150 ms timer is launched to wait for the circuit-breaker opening.
For a single-pole CB:
 If the CB position is on a per pole basis:

 In a single phase cycle, only one phase position is awaited in the OPEN state (CB_STATE_1P_X)
 In a 3-phase cycle, each one phase positions is awaited in the OPEN state
 If the CB position is given globally:

 In a single phase cycle, the position (CB_STATE) is awaited in the MOTION00 state
 In a 3-phase cycle, the position (CB_STATE) is awaited in the OPEN state
For a three-pole CB:
 Whatever was the cycle, the 3 phase position is awaited in the OPEN state (CB_STATE)
For a 3-phase cycle, the DO “AR_TRIP_3P” is closed (if configured) as soon as the CB is detected as open.
The auto-recloser function is locked if the CB is not opened at the end of the timer.
7.1.1.2.4 Launch cycle timer
As soon as the CB is detected as open, the timer associated to the current auto-recloser phase is launched.
During the single-phase cycle, the trip signal must disappear: if not, the auto-recloser function will be locked.
Furthermore, a 3-phases trip could appear. In this event, the current cycle is stopped and the second 3-
phases slow cycle is launched.

7.1.1.2.5 Closing the CB

At the end of the cycle timer, the AR_BLOCKING BI is tested: if it is in RESET state, a close order is sent to
the circuit-breaker. Note that, if present, the synchrocheck function is used to control the breaker during the
second, third and fourth 3-phase slow cycles. The use of the synchrocheck function during the first 3-phase
fast cycle is configurable.
If the AR_BLOCKING BI is in another state, the automation is re-initialised to wait for the first cycle.
7.1.1.2.6 Launch recovery time
As soon as all concerned CB phases are closed, the Reclaimmc recovery timer is launched. If the CB
remains closed during the timer, the reclosing is considered to be successful and the cycle number is set to
0. The “AR_STATE” signal is set at AR_RECLAIMC state during this timer.
If a new trip occurs during the timer, the next configured cycle is launched. If the trip occurs during the last
cycle, the auto-recloser is locked.
7.1.1.2.7 Particular treatments
Reclaim time on manual close
If the CB becomes closed (through an external operation) during an auto-recloser cycle, the Reclaimmc timer
is launched during which the auto-recloser function is inhibited and the “AR_STATE” signal is set at the
AR_RECLAIMMC state.
CB closing failure
If the CB closing order fails, due to DO hardware failure, interlocking scheme, or synchrocheck inhibition, the
AR_FAIL signal is set.
This SI is reset as soon as the CB is closed.
Lock of the auto-recloser
The conditions that lead to an auto-recloser locking are:
 A trip during the last auto-recloser cycle (in this event, the AR_STATE signal is set at the
AR_BAR_SHOTS state)
 A lock signal through the AR_LOCK Binary Input at the SET state
 Trip BI state is Invalid (this BI cannot be suppressed, forced or substituted)
 CB position BI(s) state is (are) Invalid
 The Trip BI is always set at the end of the cycle timer
 There is no pole discordance at the end of the single-phase cycle: that is, the three phases are
opened
 2 phases are in an opened state at the end of the single-phase cycle without 3-phase trip signal
 The CB is not opened at the end of the 150 ms timer
The AR_STATE signal is set at the AR_BAR_LOCK state if the auto-recloser function is locked, and the
cycle counter is set to 0.
There are two configurable methods to unlock the function. These methods are selected during the
configuration phase and can be used separately or together:
1 A manual closing of a circuit-breaker: in this event, the Reclaimmc timer is launched.
2 An “AR_LOCK” signal at the RESET, received either through a BI or an operator order.
If none of these methods are selected, the auto-recloser is automatically unlocked if no lock condition is set
and circuit-breaker is closed. In this event, the Reclaimml timer is launched. If the CB is not closed at the end
of this timer, the auto-recloser is locked again.

7.1.1.3 INFORMATION AND PARAMETERS

Information Description Type
CB_STATE_1P_x CB status, on a per pole basis BI (DP)
CB_STATE CB status (global) BI (DP)
TRIP_1P_x Trip status, on a per pole basis BI (SP)
TRIP 3-phase Trip status BI (SP)
AR_IS/OS Request to put in / out of service the auto-recloser BI (DP) or operator control
BI (SP, Group) or output of a
AR_LOCK Signal to lock / unlock the auto-recloser configurable automation or
operator control
CB_HEALTHY Availability of the breaker to be closed BI (SP)
BI (SP, Group) or output of a
AR_BLOCKING Signal to block the closure of the circuit-breaker
configurable automation
CB_ORDER_1P_x CB order, on a per pole basis DO
CB_ORDER CB order (global) DO
This information can be wired to
AR_TRIP_3P 3 phase trip forcing order a DO or can be used as an
internal signal.
AR_IS/OS Auto-recloser status: In / Out Of Service SI (DP)
AR_STATE Auto-recloser current state SI (MP)
Indicate the auto-recloser is in service, unlocked and
AR_READY State1
no cycle is in progress
AR_WAIT_FOR_OPEN_CB Indicate the auto-recloser is waiting CB opening State2
AR_FIRST_CYCLE_1P Indicate the first single-phase cycle is in progress State3
AR_FIRST_CYCLE_3P Indicate the first 3-phase cycle is in progress State4
AR_SECOND_CYCLE_3P Indicate the second 3-phase cycle is in progress State5
AR_THIRD_CYCLE_3P Indicate the third 3-phase cycle is in progress State6
AR_FOURTH_CYCLE_3P Indicate the fourth 3-phase cycle is in progress State7
AR_WAIT_FOR_CLOSE_CB Indicate the auto-recloser is waiting CB closing State8
AR_RECLAIMC Indicate the Reclaimc timer is launched State9
Indicate an auto-recloser locking due to a max
AR_BAR_SHOTS State10
number of reclosing cycles
AR_BAR_LOCK Indicate an auto-recloser locking State11
AR_RECLAIMML Indicate the reclaimml timer is launched State12
AR_RECLAIMMC Indicate the reclaimmc timer is launched State13
AR_FAIL Failure of the close order SI (MP)
AR_SYNC_NOK Due to the synchrocheck State0
Due to hardware failure, lock of device or another
AR_HARD_ERROR State1
running automation linked to the device
AR_ILOCK_NOK Due to interlocking function State2
AR_NO_FAULT No failure State3

Parameter Description Value

AR_TYPE Auto-recloser type cycle configuration Mono / Tri
AR_CYCLE_NUMBER Number of cycles 1, 2, 3 or 4
From 10 ms to 5 seconds, with a 10 ms
1P_CYCLE1_TIMER Timer of the first single-phase cycle
step
From 10 ms to 60 seconds, with a 10
3P_CYCLE1_TIMER Timer of the first 3-phase cycle
ms step
From 1 to 3600 seconds, with a 1
3P_CYCLE2_TIMER Timer of the second 3-phase cycle
second step
3P_CYCLE3_TIMER Timer of the third 3-phase cycle
second step
3P_CYCLE4_TIMER Timer of the fourth 3-phase cycle
second step
RECLAIM_TIMER Reclaim timer
second step
RECLAIMMC_TIMER Reclaimmc timer
second step
RECLAIMML_TIMER Reclaimml timer
second step
UNLOCKING_METHOD Method to unlock the auto-recloser None, manual close, unlock signal, both
Use the synchrocheck function during the 3-
SYNC_ENABLE Yes / No
phase first cycle
7.1.2 TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION (TCS)

The Trip Circuit Supervision function monitors the trip circuit wiring continuity irrespective of the position of
the CB contacts but only when the trip relay is not activated. This information is received through a separate
input and it inhibits the detection of continuity.
The DS Agile C26x supports two Trip Circuit Supervision schemes:
 Trip Circuit Supervision using one Digital Input and an external resistor
 Trip Circuit Supervision using two Digital Inputs and no external resistor
Both schemes are based on digital inputs being kept energised as long as the trip circuit is healthy. These
inputs can then be configured to issue alarms when they are reset.
Trip Circuit Supervision using one Digital Input and an external resistor
The value of the resistor in the TCS scheme (R) should be:
1 High enough, so that once the CB is open and if the protection device's trip contact is latched, the trip
coil powered via this resistor is no longer submitted to a magnetic effect and the tripping mecanism
can be released (within a possible delay due to inductive effect of the coil).
2 Low enough, so that the DS Agile C26x's digital input powered through the resistor (and the tripping
coil) is seen energised.
Therefore:
3 It is estimated that the magnetic effect is low enough to allow the release of the tripping mechanism
when the applied voltage is equal to 0.1 Vn. Taking into account usual tolerances for the power
supply, this leads to the minimum value of R being approximately 10 to 12 times the resistance of the
tripping coil.

4 The DS Agile C26x's digital input was tested to operate with a series resistor of up to 40 kOhm, still
leaving voltage through the input above the minimum. Taking into account tolerances, this defines a
maximum value for the resistor of 20 kOhm.
The recommended value is in the middle of the range (geometrically):
R / 12 x Rc = 20kOhm / R
Where Rc = resistance of the tripping coil.
The power rating of the resistor must be such that it withstands permanent application of the maximum trip
circuit voltage. Therefore:
P = (1.2 x Vx)2 / R
+ Vx
BCU
Protection device
Trip contact Vn+
DI-1
Vn-
Vn+
DI-2
Vn- Must not be
connected
Vn+
DI-3
Vn-
CB Trip coil
- Vx
C0138ENd
Figure 67: Trip circuit supervision using one digital input and an external resistor
Trip Circuit Supervision using two Digital Inputs and no external resistor
 When the CB is open, DI-3 is energised (SPS state: SET) while DI-1 is de-energised (SPS state:
RESET).
 When the CB is closed, DI-1 is energised (SPS state: SET) while DI-3 is de-energised (SPS state:
RESET).
Thus, if the trip circuit is healthy, the DPS status resulting from the two SPS datapoints is either ON (10) or
OFF (01). If the trip circuit is faulty (open circuit), the DPS status is "jammed" (00).

+ Vx
BCU
Protection device
Vn+
DI-1
Trip contact
Vn-
Vn+
DI-2
Vn- Must not be
connected.
Vn+
DI-3
Vn-
Vn+
DI-4
Vn- Must not be
connected.
CB Trip coil
- Vx C0139ENd
Figure 68: Trip circuit supervision using two digital inputs
Note: This scheme can be used with inputs for which the detection threshold of the "set" state is > 55% Vn (e.g.
CCU200 A07).
7.1.3 AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION–AVR
7.1.3.1 PRESENTATION
7.1.3.1.1 Role
DS Agile C26x with AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulation) is a compact Voltage Regulation solution for
Electrical Substations; it automatically regulates the voltage level on the secondary side of HV/MV and/or
MV/MV transformers.
It can automatically send secured commands (Raise, Lower) to the Tap Changer, fully aware of the
transformer characteristics (voltage,…), the Tap Changer characteristics (position number, inter tap
timers,…), the voltage targets and the various transformer or tap changer alarms.
Note: The AVR function cannot be used on one C26x together with another built-in function.

7.1.3.1.2 Topologies
Two C26x types are defined to address specific AVR issues:
 Type 1 for a single transformer

 Type 2 for transformers in parallel (secondary poles are interconnected in pairs) – mode Master-
Followers (up to 4 C26x followers with AVR)
7.1.3.1.3 Modes
The operator decides on the LHMI which way he/she wants to operate the AVR:
 “Manual” (open loop): the operator forcefully issues Raise/Lower commands to the tap changer from
the LHMI
 “Automatic” (closed loop): the AVR algorithm issues Raise/Lower commands to the tap changer when
the voltage is outside limits and tap changer conditions permit; the operator can still deactivate the
algorithm from the LHMI.
7.1.3.1.4 Interfaces for a single transformer
7.1.3.1.5 Hardware
The DS Agile C26x includes in a 40 TE rack:
 An LCD screen, a BIU2xx board and a CPU270 board

 A DIU2xx board to acquire 16 Digital Inputs:
 5 Tap Position Indications (typically on 6 bits with BCD encoding, up to 64 bits with BCD, Gray,
binary codes,…)
 2 CB positions
 1 VT Fuse
 1 Tap Changer fault (option)
 +7 customizable DIs (Bay L/R, AVR Auto/Manu, AVR on/off, alarms, external lock, voltage target
selection)
 A DOU20x board to control 10 powerful Digital Output relays:

 2 Raise/Lower controls
 1 AVR fault (WatchDog)

 1 AVR Mode Auto/Manu

 1 AVR ON/OFF
 1 Master /Follower signal (type 2 only)
 1 Minimize Circulating Current signal (type 2 only)
 +3 (type 1) or 5 (type 2) customizable DOs (I>, V>, alarms, locking, …)
 A TMU220 board (4 CTs / 5 VTs) for direct acquisition of currents and voltages
 CT: 1 through 3 phases (type 1), 3 phases (type 2) + 1 earth
 VT: 1 through 3 phases (type 1), 3 phases (type 2) + 2 customizable inputs
 An AIU board (option) to acquire Tap positions, voltages…(4-20 mA)

 An AOU board (option) for analogue outputs (4-20 mA) to repeat the Tap changer positions or
measurement values (voltages, circulating currents,…)
7.1.3.1.6 Exchanges over the bus
The IEC 61850-8-1 bus can convey additional data:
 TPI and Tap changer status, “tap pulse duration”

 power factor
 target voltages and target voltage setpoint, compounding method
 topology information from IEDs (in place of serial bus) or other C26x
 settings from DS Agile S1
 measurements and commands when several transformers are involved:
 Each transformer is controlled by one controller but the AVR function is only activated on one
controller. The figure exemplifies an architecture that controls two transformers:
acquisition of U,I,Q,P
Tr2
station bus C264-2
(iec 61850)
command of tap changer

C264-1
AVR on
Tr3
C264-3

C0344ENa
AVR function is activated on controller C26x-1. This controller gets analogue values through the station bus
from controllers C26x-2 and C26x-3 and issues tap changer commands through the station bus.

7.1.3.2 MOVING A TAP CHANGER

In this part, the settings name and values are surrounded with quote marks (“…”), while the first letters of
status labels are capitalized. The former are set, the latter positioned.
7.1.3.2.1 Actual voltage
Depending on the “Regulation types”, the actual (i.e. measured) voltage can be:
 either a “phase voltage Van” (VPN on the first schematic)

 or a “compound voltage Ubc” (VPP on the first schematic)
The actual voltage can include a Line Drop Compensation (see further).
For double wound transformer (“double wound” set to Yes), according to the setting “double wound voltage”,
the automatic voltage regulation applies to the:
 voltage and current of one winding (voltage 1)

 voltage and current of the other winding (voltage 2)
 average voltage and current of the 2 windings (average voltage)
If the difference between the 2 voltages is larger than a set value (“double wound voltage difference”), the
signal Double wound voltage difference is positioned.
7.1.3.2.2 Target voltage
Depending on the “Target voltage management”, the target voltage can be:
 Locally or Remotely defined; the AVR must be in automatic mode; the precedence order is as follows:
 the remote target voltage comes from a remote control point (setpoint); to be valid, it is subjected to
min, max, max difference; until the end of the confirmation delay, the latest valid remote target
voltage value is used
 In the event of a confirmed loss of remote target voltage (invalidity, loss of connection with RCP),
the local target voltage takes over; it is set through DS Agile S1
 Controlled: the value is one the two above, selected through controls.
In local target voltage mode, the AVR is able to treat an incoming remote target voltage value (in order to
return to the remote target voltage mode). If a received remote target voltage value is valid, the remote target
voltage becomes the new target voltage mode, following the transition local to remote conditions:
 At AVR start up, the local target voltage mode is active for a defined delay (end of local target voltage
delay).
 If a valid remote target voltage value is received before the end of the delay, the remote target voltage
mode is set at the end of the delay.
 If a valid remote target voltage value is received after the end of the delay, the remote target voltage
mode is set immediately.
When the target voltage mode changes from remote to local, the same delay is launched, and the behaviour
is identical.
An operator can, with a dedicated control, forcefully put the target voltage mode to Local target voltage. In
this event, the mode is set immediately.
Warning:
When the current target voltage is disabled, the new target is 100% Vn.

7.1.3.2.3 Regulation
The actual voltage is compared to the target voltage.
If the actual voltage remains outside of the “regulation deadband” for an “initial tap time delay” (TA1), the
C26x with AVR commands a tap change.
Any voltage swing that passes through the complete deadband, causes the “initial tap time delay” to be reset
and a new time cycle to be started.
If more than one tap change is required to bring back the voltage within the deadband, the second tap
changer is activated after TA2 (“inter tap time delay”). Note: TA2 < TA1.
If applicable, the last tap changing is delayed by an “end tap delay”.
The command occurs only if the following conditions prevail:
 AVR mode is automatic

 voltage is above the “voltage presence threshold”
 “Primary CB state”, circuit-breaker position on the primary side of the transformer is set to CLOSED
 No VT fuse information positioned
 No regulation locking signal (External Lock or Tap Changer fault) positioned
7.1.3.3 ADDITIONAL MONITORING FUNCTIONS
7.1.3.3.1 Tap Changer position on Voltage Loss
The actual voltage is present/missing (lost) whether it is above/under the “voltage presence threshold”.
According to the “voltage loss position tap”, the AVR can:
 either move the tap changer “on a defined tap”

 or “lock the automatic” regulation as long as the voltage is missing.

In the first case, the “tap changer position (on voltage loss) behaviour” can be set to:
 keep the tap changer on the “current tap” (no tap control performed)
 move the tap changer to the “preset tap”
 move the tap changer to the “lowest tap”
The function sets the tap changer on the “defined tap” position, only if the following conditions prevail:
 The AVR mode is automatic

 “Tap changer position on voltage loss” function is active
 The “Primary CB state”, circuit-breaker position on the primary side of the transformer is set to OPEN
 No other regulation locking information is set
Sequencing of commands: the subsequent command occurs not earlier than the “preset tap delay”.
7.1.3.3.2 Fast Tap Changer move AFTER Voltage Loss and Voltage recovery
When the “Fast tap changer move after voltage loss” function is set, the AVR issues Lower/Raise commands
TA3 after the voltage has overrun the “voltage presence threshold“.
The command occurs only if the following conditions prevail:
 The AVR mode is automatic

 “Fast tap changer move after voltage loss” function is active
 The “Primary CB state”, circuit-breaker position on the primary side of the transformer is set to
CLOSED

 No regulation locking signal (External Lock or Tap Changer fault) positioned
If all the above conditions prevail, and the voltage is present (voltage above “voltage present threshold“)
longer than the “voltage present delay” (Ta), the first tap delay is bypassed for TA3 (first tap delay bypass
delay). The first tap control activation is delayed by TA2.

If the “fast tap changer move after voltage loss” function is NOT active, when the voltage is detected, the first
tap control activation is delayed by TA1.
7.1.3.3.3 Abnormal Voltage signal
The voltage is considered as “abnormal” if, till the confirmation time expires, the actual voltage is moving
outside the range: [Vtarget x (1- β%); Vtarget x (1+ β%)] , β% is the “abnormal voltage (threshold)“. This
range is wider than the deadband. Refer to the preceding schematic.
In this event, the signal is positioned after the “abnormal voltage delay”.
Any return of the voltage into the normal range resets the delay and deactivates the abnormal voltage signal.
7.1.3.3.4 Tap Changer Failure supervision – Tap Blocking
The Tap Position Indication value may be wired on digital inputs (or optional analog inputs).
If the Current Tap value is not valid, all the functions using this information are locked.
The signal indicates the kind of problem on the tap changer.
The signal Tap Changer Fault results from one of these conditions:
 the tap value is undefined (coding error)

 after the “TCIP time out delay”, the TCIP (Tap Changer In Progress) signal is not positioned (on tap
control sequence)
 after the “TCIP end time out delay”, the TCIP signaln input is not reset (on tap control sequence)
 after the TCIP signal reset, the tap has not the expected value
 after the global sequence delay (start on 1st tap control), the voltage is not normal yet
or, if the “tap changer fault function” is on,
 an external signal indicates a tap changer fault.

When the signal Tap Changer Fault is positioned, the tap control or the sequence of tap controls in progress
is cancelled, and no more tap control is accepted (whether it is manual or automatic).
Depending on the “tap changer fault behaviour”, when a tap changer fault occurs, AVR can:
 position the Tap Changer Fault signal, and reset it when none of the faulty condition prevail (automatic
reset)
 position the Tap Changer Fault signal, and keep it set until an operator deactivates the automatic
regulation, and activates it again (manual reset).

If the “tap changer blocking activation” is on, a Tap changer Blocked is positioned in event the Tap command
is issued for a time longer than the “tap changer blocking delay”. This means that the tap position is not
reached during this time and this is considered abnormal.
A signal Voltage Regulation Fault is positioned with the corresponding status, when:
 a VT fuse is detected
 an abnormal voltage is detected
 a voltage or current acquisition failure is detected
 a Tap Changer is blocked
When none of the above problems is detected, the signal Voltage Regulation Fault status is OK.
7.1.3.3.5 Tap Changer Lowest/ Highest position
DS Agile C26x with AVR monitors the pair Tap changer Lowest/Highest reached position.
 When the current tap equals the “highest/lowest tap value”, the indication Highest/Lowest Tap reached
is positioned.
 If the Tap Position Indication value is not valid, The Lowest / Highest Tap reached indications are not
valid.
7.1.3.3.6 Run away protection
DS Agile C26x with AVR monitors if the Tap changer operates without valid commands or if tap changer
operation causes Tap Changer to move further away from the set values.
If it occurs, after the “runaway tap delay”, an alarm is raised and the AVR can be blocked.
7.1.3.3.7 OverVoltage Detection
The “overvoltage detection activation” is settable; it can also be done by an operator control.
If the value of the voltage is larger than the “overvoltage threshold” for more than the “overvoltage delay”, the
Overvoltage signal is positioned.
If the value of the voltage becomes lower than the “overvoltage threshold”, the Overvoltage signal is reset.
The regulation locking information can be positioned/reset depending on the Overvoltage signal.
If the voltage value is not valid, the overvoltage detection is not running.
Depending on the “Overvoltage detection behaviour” value, the AVR can:
 position/reset the Overvoltage signal

 position/reset the Overvoltage signal AND the Regulation Locking information
7.1.3.3.8 UnderVoltage Detection
“Undervoltage detection activation” is settable; it can also be done by an operator control.
If the value of the voltage is lower than the “undervoltage threshold” for more than the “undervoltage delay”,
the Undervoltage signal is positioned. If the value of the voltage becomes larger than the “undervoltage
threshold”, the Undervoltage signal is reset.
The regulation locking information can be positioned /reset depending on the Undervoltage signal.
If the voltage value is not valid, the undervoltage detection is not running.
Depending on the “Undervoltage detection behaviour” value, the AVR can:
 position/reset the Undervoltage signal

 position/reset the Undervoltage signal AND the Regulation Locking information

7.1.3.3.9 OverCurrent detection

“Line overcurrent detection activation” is settable.
If the value of the current is larger than the “overcurrent threshold” for more than the “overcurrent delay”, the
Overcurrent signal is positioned.
If the value of the current becomes lower than the “overcurrent threshold”, the Overcurrent signal is reset.
The regulation locking information can be set/reset following the line overcurrent signal.
If the line current value is not valid, the line overcurrent detection is not running.
Depending on the “Overcurrent detection behaviour” value, the AVR can:
 position/reset the Overcurrent signal

 position/reset the Overcurrent signal AND the Regulation Locking information
7.1.3.3.10 Tap Changer Maintenance: Tap Counting
The numbers of automatic + manual tap changes are counted as follows:
since last operator
Number On the “slipping period for counting” since C26x init
reset
Overall changes x up to 6 000 000 x
Raise x up to 3 000 000 x
Lower x up to 3 000 000 x
Limits reached x – –
Time of use – For each tap as long as voltage is present
 The date of the latest operator reset is also recorded.

Note 1: On operator reset
 the partial number of “tap changes”, “raise” and “lower” controls are reset
 the partial time of use with voltage present of each tap is reset
 the current date becomes the new “last reset date”
Note 2: The time of use is recorded, only if the voltage is present, and the Tap Position Indication and the
TCIP signal are valid.
Data visualization and use
Histograms are shown on a dedicated page of the C26x Maintenance Tool. Refer to the IN chapter
(Operations with buttons/Statements).
As counters, all the sums can be viewed:
 on the Station Bus (IEC 61850-8-1)

 on a SCADA line
 on the Local HMI
and be used as inputs of ISaGRAF sequences, e.g. for threshold management.
Data storage
Data are stored in a secured SRAM memory and are not lost:
 on C26x restart
 on database switching (over some conditions)

 on power outage for less than 48h

7.1.3.4 LINE DROP COMPENSATION
To regulate the voltage at a remote point on the feeder, the LDC simulates voltage drop of the line and
artificially boosts transformer voltage at times of high load.
The LDC is validated by the “compounding activation” and ruled by the active “compounding method”.
Vr = Vm - Vcomp
Z = R + jX, R and X are % of Vn/In
R = “Active compounding method parameter A1”, % of Vn/In (nominal voltage and current)
X = “Active compounding method parameter B1”, % of Vn/In (nominal voltage and current)
The reactive “compounding method” is used only when two transformers are in parallel.
7.1.3.5 OTHER FUNCTIONS

7.1.3.5.1 Additional Measurements (Optional)
If 3 CTs and 3 VTs are fed into the C26x, additional measurements can be computed
 Frequency
 Active power, Cos (Phi)
 Circulating current (transformers in parallel)
These calculated measurements can be viewed locally on the Local HMI (LCD Screen).
7.1.3.5.2 Raise/lower control and voltage target from external signals
Depending on “AVR mode”, additional inputs can be used:
 “Automatic”: to activate a specific target voltage:

 Target Voltage 5 (Vn-5%)
 Target Voltage 2, 3, 4 (Voltage Boosting)

These external commands have precedence over the Local LCD commands and are active as the external
signal is positioned.
 “Manual”: to activate Raise/Lower commands from wired signals:

 Raise Command Input
 Lower Command Input
The activation of Raise/lower Controls also depends on the usual AVR conditions (CB status, TC fault,…).
7.1.3.6 TRANSFORMERS IN PARALLEL

Two methods can be used whether the transformers are identical and work together or not.
7.1.3.6.1 Master/Followers method
Roles:
In a group of transformer bays, one C26x with AVR is appointed “Master”, the others “followers”. The master
transmits its TPI to the followers over the Station Bus and elaborates the commands for all the transformers.
All the operator controls (activation/deactivation), if any, are put on the master C26x, which in turn
activates/deactivates the followers.
The followers receive the master’s TPI, offset any discrepancy with their own TPI and execute the
commands coming from the master over the Station Bus.
C264 with AVR1 C264 with AVR2 C264 with AVR3

IEC61850
Ethernet
T T T
C C C
BB
BB
The Master compares the tap position of the followers with its own tap position and if deviations are
detected, the master put commands to bring them to its own position.
No circulation currents are evaluated; this imposes severe limitations on the network operation:
 transformers identical, with the same impedance

 same number of taps
 transformers on the same tap position
The indication of which C26x is the Master and which one is “Follower” can be viewed
 on LCD (optional Mimic Page)

 on configurable LEDs of the Front Panel
It can be available

 on an output contact
 on the Station Bus / Scada
and used in PSL/Isagraf automation.
In the event of a Master failure (reboot, disconnection, switching to maintenance mode) the “Master failure
management” offers two possible fallback plans:
 a Backup Master can be selected among all the followers:

 manually by the operator (on LCD or from Station Bus)
 automatically to ensure a continuous service, using the configured “Follower Master Backup”.
If the master recovers, the backup master remains master. The master regulates its voltage in stand alone
mode.
Note: this backup mode requires a good health network. In the event of a faulty network, the TPI received by
the followers, still have the quality Unknown. Then, after the “backup mode delay”, all the followers will switch
to a standalone mode.
If the mode switches automatically to standalone, returning requires a manual operation (reset process in
which the master restarts all the followers).
 drop the coupled regulation: all the C26xs operate as C26x-Standalone RTUs.
7.1.3.6.2 “Standalone regulation”

There are no restrictions on the transformers.
The differences between two transformers superimpose a current IC in both incomers:
If the transformer #1 is on a higher tap than #2:
 Current seen by #1 = IL + IC
 Current seen by #2 = IL – IC
#2
T IL-Ic
2IL
Ic
T
IL+Ic
#1
C0468ENa

Two methods are available:
 “Minimizing circulating current”: refer to the ATCC section further

The topology (i.e.which transformers are interconnected) is dynamically evaluated by a C26x-MCC
(minimize circulating current). It computes the U,I,P,Q for all the C26x that control transformers (up to 4)
and transmits the values over the Station Bus.
 “Negative reactance compensation”, in conjunction with the Reactive “Compounding method”.
#2
T IL-Ic
Vxl Vr
2IL
Ic
T
IL+Ic
#1
As IC is not present in the feeder, another method is needed: compensating the voltage attenuation due to
currents circulating from one transformer to the other.
With reactive compounding, the voltage to be regulated (Vr) is evaluated as follows:
Vr = Vm – Vxl, where:
Vr: actual voltage to regulate
Vm: measured voltage
Vxl: Compounding voltage = Z.I where Z = R – jX
R = “Reactive compounding method parameter A2”, % of Vn/In (nominal voltage & current), this the
resistive part of the load line
X = “Reactive compounding method parameter B2”, % of Vn/In (nominal voltage & current), this the
reactive part of the transformer impedance (the transformer impedance is mostly a reactance)
Note: For a power factor near 1, this negative reactance compensation has a good accuracy, but if the power factor is
low, this compensation mode is no more accurate.
7.1.4 AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION–ATCC

The Automatic Voltage Regulation–ATCC function automatically maintains a correct voltage at the lower
voltage of transformers by controlling the tap changer of transformers.

7.1.4.1 PRESENTATION
7.1.4.1.1 Topologies
A substation includes busbars and transformers.
A group is a set of interconnected busbars. A transformer belongs to a group if it is electrically connected to
a busbar of this group at the low voltage level. The voltage target is that of the highest priority busbar.
The partition is dynamic: two independent groups may be merged as a result of the closing of a circuit-
breaker.
Typical topologies:
 one busbar connected to one or several transformers in parallel. Transformers are in parallel if their
secondary poles are interconnected.
 several coupled busbars in a group that includes one transformer or several ones in parallel (see an
example further)
 Each transformer is controlled by one controller but ATCC function is only activated on one controller.
The figure that follows shows an example of the architecture for the ATCC function that controls two
transformers
Tr2
station bus C264-2
(iec 61850)

C264-1
AVR on
Tr3
C264-3

C0344ENa
ATCC function is activated on controller C26x-1. This controller gets analogue values through the station bus
from controllers C26x-2 and C26x-3 and sends tap changer commands through the station bus.
7.1.4.1.2 Situations requiring ATCC
ATCC is activated when:
 The voltage in one group is far from the Target Voltage. This is the most common situation.
 The voltage is correct, but there is a circulating current between parallel transformers. This happens
when two groups are interconnected.
 The voltage is correct, but the Tpi range and patterning may be changed when the state of any
relevant switchgear changes.
7.1.4.1.3 Definitions and main attributes
For a transformer:
Homing (status): if a transformer is disconnected from the busbar (the “homing circuit-breaker” at the LV side
of the transformer is open), it can follow the busbar voltage in order to avoid overvoltage at re-connection.
This capability is selected on a global basis.

Hunting (status): if the same transformer has received more change controls than the opposite max tap
changes within a time window, the ATCC is deactivated. These attributes are enabled a global basis.
For a busbar:
Line drop compensation: in case two interconnected busbars are far from each other, to compensate the
resistive and reactive voltage drops across the power line, several compounding methods are available. The
method is selected on a global basis and the coefficients on a per busbar basis.
Example: the main attributes to enable the various levels are as follows (bracketed)
This schematic exemplifies two independent cells:
 a stand-alone transformer operating in manual mode (ATCC status is off)

 a group operating in automatic mode (ATCC status is on)
The operator sets the global status to on.
7.1.4.1.4 Capacity
A DS Agile C26x is able to manage a maximum of:
 7 transformers
 4 transformers in parallel
 8 busbars
 4 transformers per busbar
 2 reactances per transformer
 2 voltage levels
7.1.4.1.5 Alarm conditions
The attribute names used in SCE are bracketed if it helps identify the datapoint.

Transformer:
 MCB trip. If a transformer is in automatic control and there is an invalid evolution of the tap changer,
the tap changer MCB is tripped
 Run away: if the Tap changer operates without valid commands or if tap changer operation causes
Tap Changer to move further away from the set values. This alarm is reset 30 s after the group is
switched to ATCC Off
 Bay disconnected (includes power failure) [disc eqt]

 Local bay: contains the tap change control: local/remote, connected/disconnected (supervision values)
 Invalid voltage [inv voltage]
 Tap changer abnormal if:
 TCIP signal is too late [TAP bad TCIP] or too long [TAP long TCIP]
 The tap is invalid [TAP invalid]: tap number is not the required tap; you may have this problem
after a tap operation if the tap number is not the expected one.
 This TAP bad TCIP alarm is reset 30 s after the group is switched to ATCC Off
 ATCC hunting: this alarm is reset 30 s after the group is switched to ATCC Off.
 Overcurrent, overvoltage
Busbar:
 Invalid voltage (when different values for parallel transformers) [inv voltage]
 More than 4 transformers in the group [max transfo]
 A circuit-breaker or a disconnector in an invalid state in the group [inv module]
Global:
 Target unreached
 ATCC defect: raised if one of these alarms is raised, and is reset if all of them are reset
 Error Log Indication: raised if one of the input is raised and is reset if the operator selects the "Clear
ATCC Faults" command.
 DBI override
7.1.4.2 MONITORING LOGIC
7.1.4.2.1 Modes
From the Alstom DS Agile OI or from a SCADA, according to the Substation control mode, the operator
controls the Global ATCC mode (substation level) and the busbar ATCC modes.
Substation control mode Control from the RCP (SCADA) Control from the SCP (OI)
Local inhibited allowed
Remote allowed inhibited
It is up to the operator to choose, on a global basis, how the mode (that is, the ATCC status) is changed:
 On group interconnection: the group resulting of the merging of two groups in different modes can be
off or on
 When bay turns to local control: the bay can go off or on

7.1.4.2.2 Conditions for an active automatic voltage regulation

The following conditions are required for automatic regulation to be active:
 The ATCC mode is on

 The circuit-breaker at the other side of the transformer (primary) is closed
 No “regulation locking” information (AVR defect alarm, external lock, run away, overcurrent on a
transformer)
For ATCC/homing to take place:
 the measured voltage must be within tolerances set as ratios of the nominal voltage:
 tolerable nominal under voltage
 tolerable nominal over voltage
 the deviation to the target voltage must be lesser than a set ratio of the nominal voltage:
 max voltage difference
Moreover, before sending a tap changer control (Raise/Lower), the following conditions are required:
 No “tap in progress“
 No “higher position” information, for a raise control
 No “lower position” information, for a lower control
7.1.4.2.3 Transformers status logic
Transformer connection
Homing
Busbar voltage Transformer is off
Tap changer tripped

Tap changer anormal
Bay controlling the tap changer out of reach
Bay controlling the tap changer in local
Transformer is hunting
Transformer voltage invalid
C0471ENa
7.1.4.2.4 Busbars status logic

The current busbar mode is equal to (busbar ATCC status) AND (Global ATCC status).
The status is Off if:
 the status of one of the transformers connected to it is Off
OR
 the busbar voltage is invalid
7.1.4.2.5 Group status logic
The average voltage is invalid if:
 one of the voltage differs by more than “max voltage difference” (ratio) from the average voltage
OR
 one voltage is invalid.
The status is On if at least one of the busbars in the group is On.
The status is Off if at least one of the conditions below is met:

A busbar in
the group &
Mode on
group inter-
connection are
Off
More than 4
Global ATCC transformers
status is Off in the group
Group Status
= Off
Invalid Invalid
average disconnector/
voltage circuit breaker
in the group
C0472ENa
If two busbars get disconnected, they keep their previous mode.

When a fault occurs, the related busbar ATCC turns off.
7.1.4.3 MOVING TAP CHANGERS

7.1.4.3.1 Target voltage
When the operator changes a target voltage, the new target voltage is indicated immediately. The actual
target voltage cannot changed by more than the “voltage target ramping rate” if the busbar is under
automatic control. If the busbar is not under automatic control the new target voltage is immediately in force.
Each voltage level has other attributes:
 5 voltage targets, with a default target (one of the 5)

 2 deadbands, one is coarse (DB1, to initiate tapping), the other is fine (DB2, to end tapping)
 a max tap change rate of change that cannot be exceeded when moving the tap.
Each busbar voltage target is selected among the 5 through controls, in accordance with the voltage target
ramping rate.
If the busbar is part of a group, the target in force is the one of the highest priority busbar. A single tap is
changed at a time within a group but several groups may be active simultaneously.
Each group has to reach the target voltage.
If the voltage is outside DB1, then an initial timer T1 is set and the tap control is issued once the timer has
elapsed.
More tap changing may be necessary in order to enter DB2: they are actuated when the second timer T2
has elapsed; the changing is subjected to the max tap change rate.

+DB1
+DB2
Vtarge
-DB2
-DB1
Time
T1 T2
Remote busbar:
The voltage target may be set for a point far from the LV transformer side.
Reference_ULV = (Target_ ULV + Drop_U) x set point ponderation (0.9 …1)
ULV is the actual measured value
Compounding methods:
 Setpoint adjustment: Drop_U ² = PLV x R% + QLV x X% where

PLV and QLV are local measured active and reactive powers
R% and X% are resistive/reactive coefficients
 Voltage adjustment: in place of ULV, use Drop_U ² = (ULV –A)² + B² where

A = (RL X P + XL X Q)/ ULV
B = (XL X P + RL X Q)/ ULV
XL and RL are transfo-busbar resistive/reactive coefficients
C0474ENa
Note: If line drop compensation is not used, set the resistive and reactive coefficients to the minimum.

7.1.4.3.2 Voltage is outside of the Target Voltage Deadband

When the regulated voltage moves outside of the deadband settings for a definite time, the C26x send
commands to Tap Changer mechanism to bring it back within the set deadband limits.
The Voltage Deadband is expressed as a percentage of the nominal voltage. Depending on the number of
transformers in a group, different set coefficients are applied.
Voltage deadband = Base Voltage deadband x voltage coefficient.
Examples:
Example 1 Example 2
Group with 1 transformer 1 1
Group with 2 transformers 1 1
Group with 3 transformers 1 2/3
Group with 4 transformers 1 1/2
Decision to move the tap changer is made when:
 Voltage > Target Voltage + Voltage Deadband x Nominal Voltage

OR
 Voltage < Target Voltage - Voltage Deadband x Nominal Voltage for more than the time-out T1.
Dual deadbands are used to ensure that the post tapping voltage is sufficiently closed to the selected target
voltage. DB1 is used to initiate tapping and DB2 is used to end tapping.
7.1.4.3.3 Timeouts
Moving the taps of the transformers is achieved with respect to some time-outs:
The "Initial tap" of a transformer is delayed by a time out T1, the next ones by a time out T2. Several taps are
used if one is not enough to reach the voltage target or the optimisation of the circulating current. T2 begins
after the end of the TCIP.
When the voltage shifts in and out of the deadbands, the system counts up to T1 when the voltage is outside
of the deadband1. If the voltage returns within the deadband2 before T1 is reached, then the system counts
down to 0.
Any voltage swing that passes from through the complete deadband from one side to the other, causes the
“initial tap time delay” to be reset and a new time cycle to be started.
After an auto-recloser operation, the group (or the two new groups) keeps the same ATCC modes; however
the count is reset to zero and the new time delay is T1.
 Initial tap delay T1 is adjustable between 15 and 120 s in 0.1 s increments.

 Inter tap delay T2 is adjustable between 0 and 120 s in 0.1 s increments.
To ensure that transient voltage fluctuations do not cause unnecessary tap change, the voltage must remain
outside of the deadband for an “initial Tap Time Delay” (settable T1).
Any voltage swing that passes from through the complete deadband from one side to the other, causes the
“initial tap time delay” to be reset and a new time cycle to be started.

If a tap changing is required after a previous tap control:
 Ti is the date when the previous tapping was performed

 T is the current time
 RateMax is max tap change rate
 T2 is the inter tap delay
 Vi was the secondary voltage at Ti
 V is the current secondary voltage
For a Tap Up (to increase voltage), tap is changed when
 T > Ti + T2 and V < Vi + RateMax x (T–Ti)

For a Tap Down (to decrease voltage), tap is changed when
 T > Ti + T2 and V > Vi – RateMax x (T–Ti)

The maximum voltage rate is achieved as described in the example below:
Volt
RateMax
Time
T1 T2 T2
T0
Tap RAISE 1 Tap RAISE 2 Tap RAISE 3

C0010ENa
Figure 69: voltage regulation
Tap RAISE 1 is performed after T1.

Tap RAISE 2 is performed T2 after Tap RAISE 1, at this time the voltage change rate is lower than the
maximum rate.
Tap RAISE 3 is NOT performed T2 after Tap RAISE 2, because at this time the voltage change rate is more
than the maximum rate. It is performed when the current voltage change rate becomes lower than the
maximum rate.
It is possible to choose a T1 delay as a fixed delay or not, i.e. an inverse time delay.
When inverse initial time delay is selected: the deviation is
DV = | actual group voltage - deadband limit voltage |
 IF DV < 1% target voltage THEN initial tap delay = T1.

 IF 1% ≤ DV < 10% target voltage THEN initial tap delay = T1/DV.
 IF DV ≥ 10% target voltage THEN initial tapdelay = T1/10.

Example: Target = 135.96 T1= 40.00 s DeadBand2 = 136.64

DV = (BusBar-
Busbar %DV = (DV*100)/Target Time Out
DeadBand)
137 0.36 0.26 40.00 %DV <1%: Timeout = T1
139.03 2.39 1.76 22.75
140.01 3.37 2.48 16.14
141.01 4.37 3.21 12.44
1% < %DV <10%: Timeout =
143.04 6.40 4.71 8.50
T1/%DV
145.04 8.40 6.18 6.47
146.01 9.37 6.89 5.80
150.01 13.37 9.83 4.07
151.02 14.38 10.58 4.00
152.05 15.41 11.33 4.00 %DV >10%: Timeout = T1/10
153.03 16.39 12.06 4.00
When a transformer belongs to a group of several transformers, the time out is applied to the group. 2
different groups have separate timeout references, thus allowing simultaneous taps.
 The tap is defined as the "first one" when (logical OR):

 The group mode has changed
 The voltage comes back into the deadband2
 When the voltage crosses from one side of the deadband to the other side.

7.1.4.3.4 Homing
When the mode of the busbar is in automatic control, homing taps transformers such that their open circuit
terminal volts follows the volts on the busbars that they are selected to within 3% of the busbar voltage.
Homing is active:
 If there is at least one transformer connected on the related busbar and

 If the transformer busbar disconnector is closed and
 If LV circuit-breaker open.
Homing is disabled while the busbar voltage is less than Umin (80% of nominal voltage).
If a transformer is in Homing Mode, a manual control is not accepted.
If (and only) a fault on the Tap Changer remains active, the transformer remains OUT of automatic control.
As a consequence, homing ceases as long as the Tap Changer is faulty and until the operator selects "Clear
AVR faults".
Homing Initial tap delay is used for the first tap in the homing mode.
Homing Inter tap delay is used between successive taps.
7.1.4.4 CALCULATION MODES FOR A BUSBARS GROUP

If a group includes more than one transformer and is in automatic control mode, then the coordination of the
transformers of the group aims at minimising the circulating power. To achieve this, there exist three
calculation modes depending on the substation constraint and customer requirement. By configuration one
of the three is chosen.
For the three following calculation modes, if all the transformer tap-changers reach their end stop while
tapping is required to go further, then the substation alarm "target unreached" is generated. When the
problem is cleared, this alarm disappears.
First calculation mode: “TAP”
In this event, the assumption is:
 The primary voltages of the transformers are identical

 The number of taps and tapping ranges of the transformers are identical
Then the maximum Tpi range between the transformers will be 1 and there will be a balanced control of
them when the voltage is changing.
Calculation is as follows:
 if voltage is OUT of the deadband and

 under the deadband -> action is raise on the transformer with the lowest Tap
 over the deadband -> action is lower on the transformer with the highest Tap
 if voltage is IN the deadband, the system sets the transformer within one tap
Second calculation mode: “Transformer ratio”
In this event, the assumption is that the primary voltages of the transformers are identical.
The calculation is as follows:
 if voltage is OUT of the deadband and,

 under the deadband -> action is raise on the transformer with the lowest transformer ratio
 over the deadband -> action is lower on the transformer with the highest transformer ratio

 if voltage is IN the deadband, the system sets the transformer within a percentage of the transformer
ratio. This percentage P is calculated for all groups:
P = Maximum (Tpi range / (number of taps - 1))
Example:
Group with 3 transformers:
 SGT1: 19 taps, Tpi range = 30 %

P = Max (30 / 18; 30 / 18; 20 / 15) = 30/18 % = 1.67 %
So, the 3 transformers stay within 1.67 %.
Tap operation if (ratioMax - ratioMin) > 0.0167 ratioNom, with:
 ratioMin = Minimum transformer ratio of the 3 transformers

 ratioMax = Maximum transformer ratio of the 3 transformers
 ratioNom = Nominal secondary voltage / Nominal primary voltage (defined in configuration)
Third calculation mode: “circulating current minimisation”
There is no assumption that the primary voltages of the transformers are identical.
Example of two transformers:
SGT1 SGT2
I1 I2
Each transformer is characterized by:
 Sn (power value)
 x (% impedance at Sbase = 100 MVA), in other words X (reactance) = x . Un² / Sbase
 U, I, P, Q
 Current tap
 Un (nominal secondary voltage)

A transformer can be presented as below:
The transformers can be presented as below:
I
Ic
X1
X2
U
I1 I2
E1 E2
U = E1 - X1.I1 = E2 - X2.I2 => E1-E2 = X1.I1 - X2.I2

I = I1 + I2
E1 - E2 = (X1 + X2) . IC
=> the circulating current IC = (X1.I1 - X2.I2) / (X1 + X2)
For each transformer, we have U,I,P,Q (U1,I1,P1,Q1 and U2,I2,P2,Q2)
For i=1 or i=2, Qi/Pi = tan i
According to the signs of Pi and Qi: - < i < 
If there is a circulating current from transformer 1 to transformer 2 then 1 > 2.
U1 = U2
I
I2
φ1
I1

Voltage out of the deadband
If the voltage is out of the deadband and active power > 0 (|| < /2) then:
 If the voltage is under the target then transformer with highest || is tapped UP
 If the voltage is over the target then transformer with lowest || is tapped DOWN
If the voltage is out of the deadband and active power < 0 (|| > /2) then:
 If the voltage is under the target then transformer with lowest || is tapped UP
 If the voltage is over the target then transformer with highest || is tapped DOWN
For three or four transformers, the same algorithm is used.
Voltage inside the deadband
If the voltage is into the deadband then the circulating current must be checked to know if it is possible to
reduce it.
∆U = E1 – E2 = |X1*I1 - X2*I2|
∆U is compared to the voltage step corresponding to one tap (∆U1tap).
Tpi range: tap span for the transformer
NbTap: number of taps for the transformer
Un: nominal secondary voltage
∆U1tap = (Tpi range/(NbTap -1)) x Un
if ∆U > ∆U1tap and if i > j so
If the voltage is out of the deadband and active power > 0 (|| < /2) then:
 If the voltage is under the target then transformer with highest || is tapped UP
 If the voltage is over the target then transformer with lowest || is tapped DOWN
If the voltage is out of the deadband and active power < 0 (|| > /2) then:
 If the voltage is under the target then transformer with lowest || is tapped UP
 If the voltage is over the target then transformer with highest || is tapped DOWN
For three or four transformers, the same algorithm is used.
7.2 SYNCHROCHECK
7.2.1 GENERAL
The DS Agile C26x synchrocheck function is designed to measure voltages with respect to phase angle,
frequency and magnitude on the line and on the busbar in order to safeguard against the interconnection of
unsynchronised systems.
It is impossible to connect the C26x directly to the high voltage electrical network. The C26x receives the
data from the Current Transformers (CT) and from Voltage Transformers (VT) connected to the TMU2xx
boards.

The purposes of the CTs and VTs include:
 Delivering current and voltage data that give a reliable picture of in the phenomena occurring on the
high voltage side of an electrical substation
 Providing galvanic insulation between the high voltage side and the measurement and protection
circuits,
 Protecting the measurement circuits against damage when a fault occurs in the high voltage network.
The voltage measurements used by the internal synchrocheck function are provided by VTs. These
measurements are used for the protection functions and for the Internal Synchrocheck, whether the latter is
of Type 1 (standard set of requirements for CB closure), Type 2 (automation based on frequency shift) or
Type 3 ("breaker-and-a-half" arrangements).
The synchrocheck function makes is possible to couple together 2 electrical networks that can be connected
to different sources (generators) and therefore not synchronised with each other:
CB Check
close synchroniser
controls
Close
Generator
Network
Busbar
(a) Application to generator
CB Check
close synchroniser
controls
Close
Network
# Network
Line A CB 1 #1
Busbar B
(b) Application to two networks
C0006ENa
Figure 70: Synchrocheck single-breaker application examples

The Synchrocheck function measures two voltages with respect to phase angle, frequency and magnitude to
safeguard the electrical network against the interconnection of two unsynchronised systems.
The Type 1 and Type 2 synchrocheck functions can manage up to 2 circuit-breakers. However, they can
only control one circuit-breaker at a time. The set of parameters defined for the synchrocheck function
applies for both circuit-breakers.
The Type 3 synchrocheck function concurrently manages 3 circuit-breakers in Breaker-and-a-Half topology:
2 feeder CBs and 1 bus coupler CB.
When 2 electrical networks are synchronized with each other:
 Voltages are identical (plus or minus a dispersion)

 Frequencies are identical (plus or minus a dispersion)
 Phases are identical (plus or minus a dispersion)
V,  and F are calculated. Their values are available through the measurement module.
V is derived from the RMS values of the voltages on both busbar and line side.
The value of F is assumed to be constant across the period. As a result, the  measurement makes it
possible to determine whether the synchrocheck conditions are met (the circuit-breaker operating time can
be taken into account).
time_synchro = 2 * pi *F / 
For more details, refer to section 5.2.4 Focus 3: TMU2XX - CT/VT measurement processing up to Threshold
Detection.
The 3 phase voltages of the line and one phase of the busbar are provided to the synchrocheck function.
Line
SYNCHROCHECK
SYNCHRO
function
CHECK
CB B1 B2
Busbar 1
Busbar 2
C0476ENb
Figure 71: Standard Type1 synchrocheck scheme
The busbar reference phase is settable. If there are two busbars, the reference phase must be the same for
both. The synchronism check will be applied between the line and the selected busbar for Types 1 and 2.
Type 3 synchrocheck (breaker-and-a-half diameter configuration) uses virtual equivalences for compatibility.
They are listed later in this section.

7.2.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
7.2.2.1 MODES
Check synchronizing (locking)
It is performed if the F value is lower than a user-defined threshold (generally less than 0.1 Hz). If so, V
and  are calculated. If these values are under a user-defined threshold, a close command is sent to the
circuit-breaker.
On the other hand, closure of the circuit-breaker is prevented if system synchronizing is not activated and
one of the above conditions is not met.
System synchronizing (coupling)
When a close request is received and if the F value is outside of a user-defined range, coupling is
activated.
The system synchronizing function has a predictive role. This means that it calculates the time to wait before
initiating the CB closure authorization by taking into account the complete command line, including the
mechanical characteristics of the circuit-breaker. This time should be user-defined.
Note: After a user-defined delay, the system synchronizing mode is reset.
Voltage presence Check

Voltage presence is checked if locking is not permitted by the set schemes or has failed, and if coupling is
not permitted. The role of the voltage presence check is to control if the line and/or the busbar are “Dead”
(voltage under the line/bus voltage under threshold (%) setting), or “Live” (voltage higher than the
line/bus voltage over threshold (%) setting). There are four possible cases:
 Live Line and Live Bus: LL/LB

 Live Line and Dead Bus: LL/DB
 Dead Line and Live Bus: DL/LB
 Dead Line and Dead Bus: DL/DB
In the LL/DB, DL/LB, and DL/DB cases, a close command is sent to the circuit-breaker according to the
configured scheme.
There are three ways to manage Locking and Coupling (LL/LB):
 Exclusive mode :
No locking is performed, only coupling.
 Evolutive mode
This is the default mode: locking is tried first, and if it fails, coupling is performed.
 Split mode
Locking is tried first, and if it fails, coupling is performed. It is possible, under certain conditions, to
perform a new locking operation.
The availability of these modes depends on the type of Synchrocheck: Details are provided later in this
chapter.

7.2.2.2 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLOSE REQUESTS

There are four types of circuit-breaker close requests:
 Close with synchro Close request with synchrocheck: Locking, coupling and voltage presence
check will be performed, according to the user configuration and selected
schemes
 Manual Close Close request without synchrocheck: Only locking and voltage presence
check will be performed, according to the user configuration and selected
schemes
 Automatic Close Close request from auto-recloser: It is managed like a manual close but has
a separate and different set of schemes (not available with Synchrocheck
Type 3)
 Manual override Synchrocheck override: No synchronisation

The Synchrocheck process replies with a positive (closing is possible) or negative (closing is not possible)
acknowledgement.
7.2.2.3 BLOCK DIAGRAM

The synchrocheck diagram will vary depending on the type of synchrocheck, on the type of close request, on
the locking/coupling management mode, and on the configured schemes. Nevertheless, the C26x always
executes the scheme checks in the same order:
 Locking
 Coupling (this step can be skipped for a manual close command)
 Voltage presence check
Close command Locking Permitted

schemes
Not permitted
Permitted When this step does not exist,
Coupling
the BCU switches directly to
schemes
voltage presence check
Not permitted
Voltage Permitted
presence check
Not permitted
Close failure C1088ENa
Figure 72: Synchrocheck scheme sequence
7.2.3 SYNCHROCHECK CLOSE REQUEST

When a close request is received, the schemes are tested and the close command is sent with the answer:
 OK: closing is possible

 KO: closing is impossible
When the LL/LB scheme is valid, the synchronization conditions between the 2 voltages must be checked in
order to allow the breaker to close.

The locking mode is the default synchronising mode. If the requirements are valid, at least during a delay T1,
closing is immediate. Otherwise the coupling mode is tried. The different coupling modes are defined
according to the type of synchrocheck.
The following authorized schemes are defined during the configuration process. The synchrocheck function
operates for these schemes:
Operator
Operator
Synchrocheck Auto-recloser
manual closure
closure
Network locking on both voltages presence and test of deltas
X X X
Automatic and manual network locking on live line / live bus
Network coupling on both voltages presence and test of deltas
X
Automatic and manual network coupling on live line / live bus
Presence of only the line voltage
Automatic and manual network connection on live line / dead X X X
bus
Presence of only the busbar voltage
Automatic and manual network connection on dead line / live X X X
bus
Absence of both voltages
Automatic and manual network connection on dead line / dead X X X
bus
7.2.4 HARDWARE CONSTRAINTS AND USE

The voltages used are provided by the CT/VT board. There are 3 possibilities regarding the number of S/C
voltages and required features for the C26x.
Number of wired S/C
CT/VT board Protection functions Busbar selection SC type
voltages
TMU200 1 No External 1
TMU210 1 Yes External 1 or 2
TMU220 1 or 2* or 3** No Internal* 1 or 3
*: There is an extra voltage input on the TMU220 which can be connected either to a neutral voltage VT (for
the line) or to a second busbar VT. The synchronism check can only use one busbar input at a time. The
switch between the 2 busbar VT inputs is done using the busbar V choice SPS.
This feature is only available for Synchrocheck Type 1 in applications where the VT topology is
identical on the line side and on the busbar side.
**: For use with Synchrocheck Type 3 only
TMU210 restrictions
There are some restrictions when the C26x is fitted with the TMU210 board because it has only 4 voltage
inputs: The fourth input must be used for either the neutral (or residual) voltage or the busbar voltage,
therefore the synchrocheck function cannot be available if the fourth voltage input is used to measure the
neutral voltage.
3VPN + 3VPP +
Meas't 3VPN 3VPN + V0 2VPN + V0 2VPP + V0 3VPP + V0
Vbusbar Vbusbar
VAN measured measured measured derived derived measured n/a
VBN measured measured measured derived derived measured n/a
VCN measured measured derived derived derived measured n/a
VAB derived derived derived measured measured derived measured
VBC derived derived derived measured measured derived measured

3VPN + 3VPP +
Meas't 3VPN 3VPN + V0 2VPN + V0 2VPP + V0 3VPP + V0
Vbusbar Vbusbar
VCA derived derived derived derived measured derived measured
V0 derived measured measured measured measured derived n/a
VBusbar n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a measured measured
Protection All except
all all all all all all
functions 59N, 67N
Internal S/C n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a yes yes
Note: For the cases 3VPN + Vbusbar and 3VPP + Vbusbar, frequency tracking is primarily based on Vbusbar.
7.2.5 VT WIRING CONFIGURATION

The synchronism check is calculated by comparing the magnitudes, frequencies and phase differences
between the line and busbar voltages.
A voltage input on the C26x's TMU220 or TMU210 can be wired to a Ph-N or Ph-Ph VT.
The VTs' wiring topology must be configured:
 Ph-N line side and Ph-N busbar side: star on both sides
 Ph-Ph line side and Ph-Ph busbar side: delta on both sides
 Ph-N line side and Ph-Ph busbar side: star on line - delta on busbar
 Ph-Ph line side and Ph-N busbar side: delta on line - star on busbar
The reference phase (or circuit) must be configured, whatever the type of wiring on the line side:
 If on the line side, the VT wiring is in a star configuration, AN, BN or CN can be chosen as reference.
 If on the line side, the VT wiring is in a delta configuration, AB, BC or CA can be chosen as reference.
star on both sides wiring:
The synchronism check is calculated using:
 V = Measured line VPN – Measured busbar VPN

 F = | Frequency of measured line VPN – Frequency of measured busbar VPN |
  = | Phase angle of measured line VPN – Phase angle of measured busbar VPN |
The measured line VPN depends on the reference circuit (AN or BN or CN). On the busbar side, the voltage
can only measured since only one circuit (AN or BN or CN) is available.
delta on both sides wiring:
 V = Measured line VPP – Measured busbar VPP

 F = | Frequency of measured line VPP – Frequency of measured busbar VPP |
  = | Phase angle of measured line VPP – Phase angle of measured busbar VPP |
The measured line VPP depends on the reference circuit (AB or BC or CA). On the busbar side, the voltage
can only measured since only one circuit (AB or BC or CA) is available.

star on line - delta on busbar wiring:

 V = | Derived line VPP – Measured busbar VPP |

 F = | Frequency of derived line VPP – Frequency of measured busbar VPP |
  = | Phase angle of derived line VPP – Phase angle of measured busbar VPP |
The measured line VPN depends on the reference circuit (AN or BN or CN). On the busbar side, the voltage
can only be measured since only one circuit (AB or BC or CA) is available.
delta on line - star on busbar wiring:
 V = | Derived line VPN – Measured busbar VPN |

 F = | Frequency of derived line VPN – Frequency of measured busbar VPN |
  = | Phase angle of derived line VPN – Phase angle of measured busbar VPN |
The measured line VPP depends on the reference phase (AB or BC or CA). On the busbar side, the voltage
can only be measured since only one circuit (AN or BN or CN) is available.
Earth factor:
The earth factor K0 (earth phase coeff) must be configured as it is needed in the calculation to derive the
phase-phase voltages from the phase-neutral voltages and vice-versa where there are different VT
topologies on the line side and on the busbar side.
Frequency:
The frequency is not affected by the calculation to derive the line VPN from the measured line VPP. It is
identical for both.
7.2.6 COMMANDS RECEIVED FROM A CONTROL SEQUENCE

A synchronism check is initiated when a close command is received for a synchronised circuit-breaker.
Depending on the configuration of the circuit-breaker and the synchrocheck, the type of request and the
state of the built-in synchrocheck, the requests received and managed by the synchrocheck function are:
Request received by the synchrocheck
Synchrocheck state Control command Origin
function
OFF Close Operator MANUAL CLOSE
ON Close Operator SYNCHRO CLOSE
ON or OFF Close Auto-Recloser AUTOMATIC CLOSE
ON Cancel Operator ABORT
ON Force Operator ABORT
The requests received and managed by the synchrocheck function do not depend on whether it is automatic
or manual.
7.2.7 SCHEME LL/LB: LIVE LINE, LIVE BUS

Locking (check synchronizing) is defined by specific requirements: frequency difference, etc. If the
corresponding values are all below the set thresholds, closing is immediately accepted.
Generally, these requirements are very restrictive: for example, Delta F < 0.1 Hz

Coupling (system synchronizing is also defined by specific requirements: frequency difference, etc. This has
a predictive mode: the C26x includes a timer "T" and calculates whether the coupling conditions will be met t
seconds later. This timer is settable.
7.2.7.1 LOCKING PERMITTED / COUPLING NOT PERMITTED BY CONFIGURATION

Example 1
Locking Conditions
Confirmation
Time
1 2 3
T1 T2
C0478ENa
1: If a close command is received before T1 elapses, it is rejected.

2: If a close command is received after T1 has elapsed but while T2 is still running, it is executed when T2
elapses if the locking conditions are still present. If the locking conditions are lost before T2 elapses then the
command is rejected
3: If a close command is received after T2 has elapsed, it is accepted.
7.2.7.2 LOCKING PERMITTED / COUPLING PERMITTED BY CONFIGURATION

Example 1
Locking Conditions
Confirmation time
1 2 3 4
T1 T2 T3 T4
C0479ENa
1: If a close command is received before T1 elapses, it is sent to the DSP board, and the control is executed
from the DSP board when T2 elapses.
2: If a close command is received after T1 has elapsed but while T2 is still running, it is buffered until T2
elapses if the locking conditions are still present. If the locking conditions are lost before T2 elapses then the
command is rejected.
3: If a close command is received after T2 has elapsed, it is accepted.

Example 2
Anticipation Time
Coupling Conditions
Locking Conditions
Confirmation time
1 2 3 4 5
T1 T2 T3 T4
C0480ENa
2: If a close command is received after T1 has elapsed but while T2 is still running, it is buffered. As the
locking conditions are lost then the command is sent to the DSP board and executed when T4 elapses.
3, 4: If a close command is received after T2 has elapsed but while T4 is still running, it is sent to the DSP
board, and the control is executed from DSP board when T4 elapses.
5: If a close command is received after T4 elapses, it is sent to the DSP board, and the control is
immediately executed from the DSP board.
Example 3
Anticipation Time
Coupling Conditions
Locking Conditions
Confirmation time
1 2 3 4 5 6
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
C0481ENa

2: If a close command is received after T1 has elapsed but while T2 is still running, it is buffered. As the
locking conditions are lost then the command is sent to the DSP and executed at T4.
3, 4: If a close command is received after T2 has elapsed but while T4 is still running, it is sent to the DSP
board, and the control is executed from the DSP board when T4 elapses.
5: If a close command is received after T4 has elapsed but while T5 is still running, it is sent to the DSP
board, and the control is immediately executed from the DSP board.
6: If a close command is received after T5 has elapsed, it is sent to the DSP board, and the control is
rejected after the synchrocheck waiting time (not shown in the above drawing).
7.2.8 SYNCHROCHECK TYPE 1
7.2.8.1 MANUAL AND AUTOMATIC CLOSE CONDITIONS (LOCKING LOGIC)

Voltage conditions for manual and automatic requests are checked during a set time-delay.
Voltage conditions
The voltage conditions are:
Voltage present:
 Vline: On the line VT, the voltage of the set reference circuit is higher than the set threshold line
voltage over threshold.
 Vbusbar: On the busbar VT, the voltage (only one circuit available) is higher than the set threshold bus
Voltage missing:
 Not(Vline): On the line VT, the voltage of the set reference circuit is lower than the set threshold line
voltage under threshold.
 Not(Vbusbar): On the busbar VT, the voltage (only one circuit available) is lower than the set threshold
bus voltage under threshold.
Permitted voltage delta:
 V < Vlocking: The difference between the line voltage and the busbar voltage is lower than the set
threshold voltage delta threshold for locking.
Permitted frequency delta:
 f < flocking: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is lower than the set
threshold frequency delta threshold for locking.
Permitted frequency range:
 fmin locking < fline < fmax locking: The line voltage frequency is comprised between the set thresholds
minimum frequency for locking and minimum frequency for locking.
 fmin locking < fbusbar < fmax locking: The busbar voltage frequency is comprised between the set thresholds
minimum frequency for locking and maximum frequency for locking.
Permitted phase angle delta:
  < locking: the difference between the line voltage phase angle (for the configured reference circuit)
and the busbar voltage phase angle is lower than the set threshold phase delta threshold for
locking.

Dead Line / Dead Bus

The Dead Line / Dead Bus (DLDB) closing conditions are met if:
 Line = Voltage missing

 Busbar = Voltage missing
for the duration of the T3 time-delay at the end of which the absence of both voltages is confirmed.
Not(Vline)
T3 0
& Closing authorization
Not(Vbusbar)
C0229ENa
When the Dead Line / Dead Bus (DLDB) closing conditions are met, CB closure is authorised.
If either DLDB condition criterion is lost while T3 elapses, the DLDB condition is no longer verified and T3 is
reset. It will be restarted only upon the reappearance of both criteria.
Dead Line / Live Bus
The Dead Line / Live Bus (DLLB) closing conditions are met if:

 Busbar = Voltage present
for the duration of the T2 time delay at the end of which the presence of only one voltage is confirmed.
Vbusbar
T2 0
Not(Vline)
C0228ENa
When the Dead Line / Live Bus (DLLB) closing conditions are met, CB closure is authorised.
If either DLDB condition criterion is lost while T2 elapses, the DLLB condition is no longer verified and T2 is
Live Line / Dead Bus
The Live Line / Dead Bus (LLDB) closing conditions are met if:
 Line = Voltage present

Vline
T2 0
Not(Vbusbar)
C0227ENa
When the Live Line / Dead Bus (LLDB) closing conditions are met, CB closure is authorised.

If either LLDB condition criterion is lost while T2 elapses, the LLDB condition is no longer verified and T2 is
Live Line / Live Bus

The Live Line / Live Bus (LLLB) closing conditions are met if:

 Voltage Delta = OK
 Frequency Delta = OK
 Phase Delta = OK
for the duration of the T1 time-delay at the end of which all the presence of both voltages is confirmed and so
are the locking conditions.
fmin locking< fline< fmax locking
fmin locking < fbusbar < fmax locking
Vline
T1 0
Vbusbar & Closing authorisation
Δf < Δflocking
Δφ< Δφlocking
ΔV < ΔVlocking
C1054ENa
When the Live Line / Live Bus (LLLB) closing conditions are met, CB closure is authorised.
If any LLLB condition criterion is lost while T1 elapses, the LLLB condition is no longer verified and T1 is
reset. It will be restarted only upon the reappearance of all the criteria.
7.2.8.2 SYNCHRO CLOSE CONDITIONS (COUPLING LOGIC)

Voltage conditions for synchro close requests are checked during a set time-delay.
Voltage conditions
Voltage present:

threshold voltage delta threshold for coupling.
Permitted frequency delta range:
 fmin locking < f < fmax locking: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is
comprised between the set thresholds minimum frequency delta threshold for coupling and
maximum frequency delta threshold for coupling.
minimum frequency for coupling and minimum frequency for coupling.
minimum frequency for coupling and maximum frequency for coupling.


are the coupling conditions.
fmin coupling < fline < fmax coupling
fmin coupling < fbusbar< fmax coupling
Vline
T1 0
& Authorisation to check Δφ
Vbusbar
Δfmin coupling < Δf < Δfmax coupling
ΔV < ΔVcoupling
C1055ENa
When the Live Line / Live bus (LLLB) closing conditions are met, a synchro close request will authorise
searching for min(∆φ).
The search for min(∆φ) is launched, in order to find the optimal phase difference between line and busbar to
close the circuit-breaker. In the min(∆φ) search, the circuit-breaker's operating time must be taken in
account.
min(∆φ) is reached when:
 ∆φ = Δf*360*Ta
where Ta = circuit-breaker operating time.

Locking mode vs. Coupling mode

In order to discriminate between the locking and coupling modes, 2 different ranges for frequency differences
are configured.
 Locking range: [0 … ∆fmax locking]
 Coupling range: [∆fmin coupling … ∆fmax coupling]

The 2 ranges may overlap but the following condition must be met:
 ∆fmax coupling > ∆fmax locking
7.2.8.3 CLOSING SCHEMES

In order to enable closing only when the required voltage conditions are met, separate closing schemes are
configured for each type of close request:
Manual close
For the manual close request, and for each voltage condition, a closing scheme is defined as shown below:
Voltage Conditions Close Authorisation
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES / NO
Dead Line / Live Bus YES / NO
Live Line / Dead Bus YES / NO
Live Line / Live Bus (locking) YES / NO
Depending on the configuration, the following checks are performed for manual close requests:
Voltage Conditions Closing Authorisation Verified Voltage Conditions Close request result
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES DLDB Accepted
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES DLDB in progress* Delayed
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES ≠ DLDB Rejected
Dead Line / Dead Bus NO Any condition Rejected
Dead Line / Live Bus YES DLLB Accepted
Dead Line / Live Bus YES DLLB in progress* Delayed
Dead Line / Live Bus YES ≠ DLLB Rejected
Dead Line / Live Bus NO Any condition Rejected
Live Line / Dead Bus YES LLDB Accepted
Live Line / Dead Bus YES LLDB in progress* Delayed
Live Line / Dead Bus YES ≠ LLDB Rejected
Live Line / Dead Bus NO Any condition Rejected
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES LLLB Accepted
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES LLLB in progress* Delayed
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES ≠ LLLB Rejected
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) NO Any condition Rejected
* the voltage condition check is in progress when the manual close request is received.

Automatic close (reclosing cycle after a protection trip)

For the automatic close request, and for each voltage condition, a closing scheme is defined as shown
below:
Voltage Conditions Close Authorization
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES / NO
Depending on the configuration, the following checks are performed for automatic close requests:
Voltage Conditions Close Authorisation Verified Voltage Conditions Close request result
* the voltage condition check is in progress when the automatic close request is received.
Synchro close
For the synchro close request, and for each voltage condition, a close scheme is defined as shown below:
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking and Coupling) YES / NO
Depending on the configuration, the following checks are performed for synchro close requests:
Voltage Conditions Close Authorisation Verified Voltage Conditions Close Request Result

Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES LLLB (locking) Accepted
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES LLLB (locking) in progress* Delayed
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES ≠ LLLB (locking) Rejected
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking
YES LLLB (locking) Accepted
and Coupling)
YES LLLB (locking) in progress* Delayed
and Coupling)
YES ≠ LLLB (locking and coupling) Rejected
and Coupling)
YES LLLB (coupling only) Search for min(∆φ)
and Coupling)
NO Any condition Rejected
and Coupling)
* the voltage condition check is in progress when the synchro close request is received.
7.2.8.4 CLOSING SCENARIOS

Request accepted
According to the configured closing scheme, if the close request is accepted, a close command is sent to the
circuit-breaker.
Request rejected
According to the configured closing scheme, if the close request is rejected, a negative acknowledge
(KO-Synchrocheck) is sent and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
Request delayed
According to the configured closing scheme, if the close request result is delayed, a configured time-delay is
started (close delay):
 When the voltage condition check is complete, if the close scheme issues a close authorization, a
close command is sent to the circuit-breaker and the time-delay is reset.
 When the voltage condition check is complete, if the close scheme does not give a close
authorization, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent, no close command is sent to the
circuit-breaker, and the time-delay is reset.
 If the time-delay elapses with no voltage conditions having been checked, a negative acknowledge
(KO-Synchrocheck) is sent, and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
7.2.8.5 CLOSE WITH LOCKING / COUPLING

Synchro close requests can be managed according to three management modes combining Locking and
Coupling logics.

The synchro close request Locking/Coupling management mode is defined in the configuration and cannot
be changed without reloading a new database.
The 3 available modes are:
 Exclusive mode
 Evolutive mode
 Split mode
Exclusive mode
When a synchro close request is received, if ∆fmin coupling ≤ ∆f ≤ ∆fmax coupling the search for min(∆φ) is started
and a time-delay is launched (coupling timer).
If min(∆φ) is found, a positive acknowledge is sent to close the circuit-breaker, and the time-delay is reset.
If the time-delay elapses without min(∆φ) being found, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent
and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
When a synchro close request is received while ∆f is not within the range [∆fmin coupling ... ∆fmax coupling], a
negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is immediatly sent and no close command is sent to the circuit-
breaker.
If ∆f drifts outside of the range [∆ fmin coupling ... ∆ fmax coupling] during the search for min(∆φ) a negative
acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent when the time-delay elapses and no close command is sent to the
circuit-breaker.
Evolutive mode
When a synchro close request is received, if ∆f is within the range [0 ... ∆fmax locking] and the locking condition
is met, a positive acknowledge is immediatly sent to close the circuit-breaker.
check is in progress, the LLLB locking logic is applied.
When a synchro close request is received, if ∆f is within the range [∆fmin coupling ... ∆fmax coupling], the search for
min(∆φ) is started and a time-delay is launched (coupling timer).
When a synchro close request is received, if ∆f is not within neither of the ranges [0 ... ∆fmax locking] and
[∆fmin coupling ... ∆fmax coupling], a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is immediatly sent and no close
command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
If ∆f drifts from the Coupling range to the Locking range (outside of any overlap) during the search for
min(∆φ), the search is aborted, the time-delay is reset and a synchro close request is sent according to the
locking logic.
If ∆f drifts outside of both the Coupling and Locking ranges during the search for min(∆φ), the search is
aborted, the time-delay is reset, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is immediately sent and no
close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
The drift of ∆f during the search for min(∆φ) is confirmed after a fixed time-delay of 5 s.
If ∆f shifts outside of the Coupling range, the ∆f drift time-delay is started. If ∆f returns into the Coupling
range, the ∆f drift time-delay is reset.
If, when the ∆f drift time-delay elapses, ∆f is inside the Locking range, the search is aborted, the time-delay
is reset and a synchro close request is sent according to the locking logic. If ∆f is outside the Locking range,
the search is aborted, the search for min(∆φ) time-delay is reset, a negative acknowledge
(KO-Synchrocheck) is immediately sent and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker..
If the Evolutive mode for synchro close request management is defined in the configuration, a SPS “Delta
drift” can be defined. Whenever ∆f drifts from the Coupling range to the Locking range (outside of any
overlap) during the search for min(∆φ), the SPS “Delta drift” is transmitted in the SET state. As soon as the
∆f drift during the search for min(∆φ) is over, whatever the resulting acknowledgemnt: OK or
KO-Synchrocheck, the SPS “Delta drift” is transmitted in the RESET state.

Split mode
is met, a positive acknowledge is immediatly sent to close the circuit-breaker.
When a synchro close request is received while the locking conditions are not met, a Split mode time out is
started and the following condition checks are performed:
 ∆Vmin split ≤ ∆V ≤ ∆Vmax split

 ∆fmin split ≤ ∆f ≤ ∆fmax split
 ∆φmin split ≤ ∆φ ≤ ∆φmax split
If the above condition checks are verified, the search for min(∆φ) is started, Split mode time out is reset
and another time-delay is launched (delay for coupling).
When Split mode time out elapses, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent and no close
Note: If the three condition checks are verified when the CB close request is received, the search for min(∆φ) time-
delay is started immediately.
Split mode time out is configurable using DS Agile S1 and in the SCE (attribute time out drift
management split mode), from 0 to 10 s in steps of 0.1 s.
If min(∆φ) is found, a positive acknowledge is sent to close the circuit-breaker and the time-delay is reset.
If the time-delay elapses without min(∆φ) having been found, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is
sent and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
If the Split mode is configured, 2 SPS datapoints: “Locking mode” and “Split sync mode” can be defined.
The SPS “Locking mode” is SET as soon as ∆f is within the range [0 ... ∆fmax locking] and the locking
condition is met.
The SPS “Locking mode” is RESET as soon as ∆f is outside the range [0 ... ∆fmax locking] or the locking
condition is not met.
The SPS “Split sync mode” is SET as soon as the coupling conditions are verified.
The SPS “Split sync mode” is RESET as soon as the coupling conditions are not verified.
“Locking mode” and “Split sync mode” are managed even if there is no close request received by the
synchrocheck.
7.2.9.1 MANUAL AND AUTOMATIC CLOSE CONDITIONS (LOCKING LOGIC)

Voltage conditions for manual and automatic requests are checked during a set time-delay.
Voltage conditions
Voltage present:

Voltage missing:
 Not(Vline): On the line VT, the voltage of the set reference circuit is lower than the set threshold line
voltage under threshold.
 Not(Vbusbar): On the busbar VT, the voltage (only one circuit available) is lower than the set threshold
bus voltage under threshold.
  < locking: the difference between the line voltage phase angle (for the configured reference circuit)
and the busbar voltage phase angle is lower than the set threshold phase delta threshold for
locking.
Locking Frequency Shift:
 Sfiltered < Sfreq locking: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is lower than
the set threshold frequency shift threshold for locking.
Locking Frequency Shift Acceleration:
 dS/dt < dSmax/dt: The shift acceleration is lower than the set threshold frequency shift acceleration
threshold for locking
Frequency Shift Filtering
Frequency Shift Filtering is applicable only to the synchronous mode (locking logic) of Synchrocheck type 2.
The following condition needs to be checked:
|Sfiltered| < Sfreq locking
where:
 |S| is defined as the instantaneous frequency shift (i.e. the difference between busbar frequency and
line frequency),
 |Sfiltered| is defined as the filtered frequency shift. This value is computed using a rolling average filter.
|Sfiltered| is the mean value of all sampled |S| values during the set time-period.
The filter can smooth frequency differences between 0.8 Hz and 1.6 Hz, in steps of 0.1 Hz, which
corresponds to a period between 0.6 and 1.3 seconds. This is the period in which the mean value must be
computed. The default value is 1.2 Hz (0.84 s).
The following condition also needs to be checked:
|dS/dt|filtered < dSmax/dt
where:
 |dS/dt| is defined as the acceleration of frequency shift (i.e. the derivative of the difference between
busbar frequency and line frequency)
 |dS/dt|filtered is defined as the filtered acceleration of frequency shift. This value is computed with a
rolling average filter. |dS/dt|filtered is the mean value of all the |dS/dt| values over the set period.
The filter can smooth the acceleration of the frequency shift between 0.5 and 2 Hz, in steps of 0.1 Hz,
corresponding to a period between 0.5 and 2 seconds. This is the period in which the mean value must be
computed. The default value is 1 Hz (1 s).
The dSmax/dt value can be set between 10 mHz/s and 50 mHz/s in steps of 5 mHz/s. The default value is 25
mHz/s.

Note: Sfreq locking, dSmax/dt, |Sfiltered| and |dS/dt|filtered are all settable.
The "Locking dS/dt filter enable" parameter is defined in configuration. If this parameter is set to YES in the
configuration, the following check is done, in addition to the above:
If |dS/dt|filtered > dSmax/dt, closing must not be permitted.


Not(Vline)
T3 0
Not(Vbusbar)
C0229ENa


Vbusbar
T2 0
Not(Vline)
C0228ENa



Vline
T2 0
Not(Vbusbar)
C0227ENa


 Locking Frequency Shift = OK
 Locking Frequency Shift Acceleration = OK(*)
 Manual/Automatic Close command in progress = OK
( )
* This condition is taken into account only if the attribute ds/dt filtering enable is set to Yes.
Note: This voltage condition is currently called locking mode (or synchronous mode).

Vline
Vbusbar
Sfiltered < Sfreq locking

T1 0
Δφ < Δφlocking & Closing authorisation
ΔV < ΔVlocking
Closing command in progress
dS/dt < dSmax/dt

C1053ENa
Even if the Live Line / Live bus (LLLB) closing conditions are met, the reception of a manual/ automatic close
request would cause the LLLB voltage condition to be checked again during the T1 time-delay. When T1
elapses, the closing authorisation for the manual/automatic close request is given.
7.2.9.2 SYNCHRO CLOSE CONDITIONS (COUPLING LOGIC)

Voltage conditions for synchro close requests are checked during a set time-delay.
Voltage conditions
Voltage present:
 Vline: On the line VT, the voltages of all the phases are higher than the set threshold line voltage over
threshold.
 Vbusbar: On the busbar VT, the voltages of all the phases are higher than the set threshold bus voltage
over threshold.
 V < Vcoupling: The difference between the line voltage and the busbar voltage is lower than the set
Locking Frequency Shift:
 Sfiltered < Sfreq locking: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is lower than
the set threshold frequency shift threshold for locking.
Coupling Frequency Shift:
 Sfiltered < Sfreq coupling: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is lower than
the set threshold frequency shift threshold for coupling.
Frequency Shift Acceleration:
 accShift < accSfreq coupling: the shift acceleration is lower than the set threshold frequency shift
acceleration threshold for coupling.
Note: The threshold accSfreq coupling is not directly settable. It is derived from the circuit-breaker operating time
(Ta):

- if Ks * (Tk – Ta) > 0.05%/s accSfreq coupling = Ks * (Tk – Ta)
- else accSfreq coupling = 0.05%/s
Where Ks = 1%
Tk = 0.5 s
Ta = CB operating time

The Live Line / Live bus (LLLB) voltage condition is verified if:

 Frequency Shift = OK
 Synchro Close request in progress = OK
No confirmation for this voltage condition is made.
Vline
Vbusbar
Sfiltered < Sfreq coupling

accShift < accSfreq coupling & Authorisation to check Δφ
ΔV < ΔVcoupling
Closing Command in progress
Sfiltered < Sfreq locking

C1056ENa
account.
 ΔF*360*Ta - ∆(∆φ) ≤ ∆φ ≤ ΔF*360*Ta + ∆(∆φ)

where Ta = circuit-breaker operating time
and ∆(∆φ) is the acceptable margin of error on ∆φ
For coupling, the frequency shift between signals (S) must not be lower than the settable locking threshold
(Sfreq locking), it can be represented as shown below:

Coupling
Locking
Δf
Frequency difference
Threshold between the coupling and locking modes C1057ENa

configured for each type of close request and also defined dynamically using SPS datapoints:
For the manual, automatic and synchro close requests, and for each voltage condition, a closing scheme is
defined as shown below:
Live Line / Live bus (Locking and Coupling) YES / NO
In addition, SPS datapoints are available for each type of voltage conditions to allow (if in the SET state) or
reject (if in the RESET state) CB closing. Another SPS can also be used to bypass the other SPS states.
The 6 SPS datapoints are:
 Bypass
 Scheme Coupling
 Scheme DL/DB
 Scheme DL/LB
 Scheme LL/DB
 Scheme Locking
Closing
Closing Bypass SPS Verified Voltage Close request
Voltage Conditions scheme SPS
Authorisation state Conditions result
state
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES Any state SET Any condition Bypassed
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES SET RESET DLDB Accepted
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES SET RESET DLDB in progress* Delayed
Dead Line / Dead Bus YES RESET RESET Any condition Rejected
Dead Line / Dead Bus NO Any state Any state Any condition Rejected
Dead Line / Live Bus YES Any state SET Any condition Bypassed

Closing
Closing Bypass SPS Verified Voltage Close request
state
Dead Line / Live Bus YES SET RESET DLLB Accepted
Dead Line / Live Bus YES SET RESET DLLB in progress* Delayed
Dead Line / Live Bus YES RESET RESET Any condition Rejected
Dead Line / Live Bus NO Any state Any state Any condition Rejected
Live Line / Dead Bus YES Any state SET Any condition Bypassed
Live Line / Dead Bus YES SET RESET LLDB Accepted
Live Line / Dead Bus YES SET RESET LLDB in progress* Delayed
Live Line / Dead Bus YES RESET RESET Any condition Rejected
Live Line / Dead Bus NO Any state Any state Any condition Rejected
YES Any state SET Any condition Bypassed
(Locking)
YES SET RESET LLDB Accepted
(Locking)
YES SET RESET LLDB in progress* Delayed
(Locking)
YES RESET RESET Any condition Rejected
(Locking)
NO Any state Any state Any condition Rejected
(Locking)
Depending on the configuration, the following checks are performed for automatic close requests:
Close
Close Bypass SPS Verified Voltage Close request
state
(Locking)
(Locking)
(Locking)

Close
state
(Locking)
(Locking)
* the voltage condition check is in progress when the automatic close request is received.
Close
state
(Locking)
(Locking)
(Locking)
(Locking)
(Locking)
(Locking and Coupling)
Live Line / Live Bus LLDB (coupling Search for
YES SET RESET
(Locking and Coupling) condition) min(∆φ)


Request accepted
According to the configured closing scheme, if the close request is accepted or bypassed, a close command
is sent to the circuit-breaker.
Request rejected
Request delayed

There are 2 types of closing schemes:
 the synchronous closing scheme (locking logic),

 the asynchronous closing scheme (coupling logic).
The asynchronous (coupling) scheme runs in parallel with the synchronous (locking) scheme during all the
time allowed to wait for the close authorisation.
This means that:
 if the closing request is received while the frequency shift between the line and busbar signals (S) is
lower than the settable locking threshold (Sfreq locking) but rises above that threshold before locking is
confirmed, then the coupling scheme continues to run and closing can take place in coupling mode;
 if the closing request is received while the frequency shift between the line and busbar signals (S) is
higher than the settable locking threshold (Sfreq locking) but decreases below this threshold before
min(∆φ) is reached, then the locking scheme continues to run and closing can still take place in
locking mode.
Logic for manual close
When a manual close request is received,
 if the LLLB conditions are met, the T1 confirmation time-delay is started. If the LLLB conditions are still
met when T1 elapses, the closing authorization for the manual close request is given;
 if an LLLB condition confirmation is in progress, the T1 confirmation time-delay is reset and restarted.
If the LLLB conditions are still met when T1 elapses, the closing authorization for the manual close
request is given.
Logic for synchro close
When a synchro close request is received with both the locking and coupling logics permitted, if the voltage
is present on both the line and the busbar, the search for min(∆φ) is started and a time-out is launched
(delay for coupling). A manual close logic is also simultaneously started:

 If the synchronous (locking) close conditions are met when the T1 time-delay elapses, a positive
acknowledge is sent to close the circuit-breaker and the search for min(∆φ) is terminated.
 if the synchronous (locking) close conditions are not met when the T1 time-delay elapses, the search
for min(∆φ) continues while the manual close logic is suspended until locking conditions are met again
or until the time-out elapses (whichever happens first).
If min(∆φ) is found, a positive acknowledge is sent to close the circuit-breaker, and the time-out is reset.
If the time-out elapses without min(∆φ) being found, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent and
no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
When a synchro close request is received while voltage is present on both the line and the busbar, and that
only the synchronous close scheme (locking) is permitted, a manual close is performed.
When a synchro close request is received while neither the synchronous close scheme (locking) nor the
asynchronous close scheme (coupling) are permitted, a manual close is performed, but only if one of these
voltage conditions is met:
 Dead Line / Dead bus,

 Dead Line / Live bus,
 Live Line / Dead bus.
7.2.10.1 MULTIPLEXED VOLTAGE SELECTION

The synchrocheck type 3 function manages 3 circuit-breakers in a breaker-and-a-half diameter topology,
using dynamically-defined voltage checks.
Its operation and settings are almost identical to those for internal Synchocheck Type 1 except for the
number of circuit-breakers it manages, and also the facts that its only possible locking/coupling mode is the
Evolutive mode (no visible setting) and that it does not support automatic synchrocheck.
In addition, because only one line voltage per feeder will actually be connected to the TMU220 board, there
is no setting for the reference phase as this will be imposed by wiring.

Line 1
BB1
VT-B1 VT-L1 CB1
VI-3 VI-1
Pins on TMU220
Voltage Inputs
connector
VI#1 21-22 CB2
VI#2 23-24
VI#3 25-26 VI-4 VI-2
VI#4 27-28
VT-B2 CB3
VT-L2
BB2
Line 2 C1052ENa
Figure 73: Breaker-and-a-half single-line connection diagram
Only one TMU220 board is required, each VT is used to provide a voltage to be checked against another on
the other side of the circuit-breaker. A fixed allocation between the measurement points (Line 1, Line 2,
Busbar 1, Busbar 2) and the TMU220's voltage inputs is defined as follow:
The circuit-breakers are typed as follows:

 Tie circuit-breaker (CB2)

(4 possible voltage checks: VT-L1/VT-L2; VT-L1/VT-B2; VT-B1/VT-L2; VT-B1/VT-B2)


The voltage checks to be performed by the breaker-and-a-half synchrocheck are defined in the following
table:
Line 1 circuit-breaker Line 2 circuit-breaker
TMU220 inputs Meas't points Tie circuit-breaker (CB2)
(CB1) (CB3)
VI#1 VT-L1 X X X X
VI#2 VT-L2 X X X X
VI#3 VT-B1 X X X X X X
VI#4 VT-B2 X X X X X X
For each circuit-breaker, 2 VTs must be selected, one on each side of the circuit-breaker (Line 1 / Line 2 /
Tie) so as to compare the voltages provided by those VTs.
4 voltage selection SPSs are available for each circuit-breaker, each SPS represents a VT, and 2 out of 4
are to be in the SET state, which will indicate which VTs will be used to check the voltages.
Line 1 circuit-breaker (CB1):
 CB1 with VT-B1

 CB1 with VT-B2
 CB1 with VT-L1
 CB1 with VT-L2
Exactly 2 out of the possible 4 voltage selection SPSs must be selected at any one time for voltage checking
to be possible. Synchro close requests will not be accepted if a different number of VTs are selected.
Note: These SPS datapoints are inputs of the synchrocheck Type 3 function. The actual closing scheme must be
designed using a programmable automation (FBD).
SPS positions for voltage checks:

VT-L1/VT-B1 VT-L2/VT-B1 VT-B1/VT-B2
CB1 with VT-L1 SET RESET RESET
CB1 with VT-L2 RESET SET RESET
CB1 with VT-B1 SET SET SET
CB1 with VT-B2 RESET RESET SET
Tie circuit-breaker (CB2):

 CB2 with VT-B1

 CB2 with VT-B2
 CB2 with VT-L1
 CB2 with VT-L2
VT-L1/VT-L2 VT-L1/VT-B2 VT-L2/VT-B1 VT-B1/VT-B2
CB2 with VT-L1 SET SET RESET RESET
CB2 with VT-L2 SET RESET SET RESET

VT-L1/VT-L2 VT-L1/VT-B2 VT-L2/VT-B1 VT-B1/VT-B2

CB2 with VT-B1 RESET RESET SET SET
CB2 with VT-B2 RESET SET RESET SET
to be possible. Synchro-close requests will be not be accepted if a different number of VTs are selected.
Line 2 circuit-breaker (CB3):

 CB3 with VT-B1

 CB3 with VT-B2
 CB3 with VT-L1
 CB3 with VT-L2
VT-L2/VT-B2 VT-L1/VT-B2 VT-B1/VT-B2
CB3 with VT-L1 RESET SET RESET
CB3 with VT-L2 SET RESET RESET
CB3 with VT-B1 RESET RESET SET
CB3 with VT-B2 SET SET SET
to be possible. Synchro-close requests will be not be accepted if a different number of VTs are selected.
Confirmation time-delay
Between the SPS state change (for VT selection) and the execution of a close request on the corresponding
circuit-breaker, there must be a 3 s time-delay. No close request received before this time-delay has elapses
will be taken into account: a KO-Synchrocheck negative acknowledge will be sent back.
7.2.10.2 VOLTAGE ACQUISITION FOR BREAKER-AND-A-HALF DIAMETER ARRANGEMENTS

The TMU220 only acquires voltages via inputs VI#1, VI#2, VI#3 and VI#4,. No currents are acquired. The
following measurements are available:
Actual measurement Voltage input on TMU220 Corresponding label in SCE
Line 1 VI#1 VAN, RMS value of the voltage phase A
Line 2 VI#2 VBN, RMS value of the voltage phase B
Busbar 1 VI#3 VCN, RMS value of the voltage phase C
Busbar 2 VI#4 Vbusbar, RMS 1 value of the busbar voltage

Only one phase-neutral or phase-phase voltage can be connected per VT, and it must be the same for all
VTs (VAN, VBN, VCN, VAB, VBC or VCA).
7.2.10.3 MANUAL CLOSE CONDITIONS

In each possible VT combination, one VT is considered to be on the "line" side and the other on the "bus"
side in order to maintain compatibility with the existing threshold settings for standard "line VT/busbar VT"
synchrocheck arrangements (Type 1 and Type 2). The tables below summarize the "line" and "bus"
equivalences used by synchrocheck Type 3 for each of the three circuit-breakers in the breaker-and-a-half
diameter:
Line 1 circuit-breaker (CB1)
Voltage equivalences
VT combinations
Line side Bus side
VT-L1/VT-B1 VT-L1 VT-B1
VT-B1/VT-B2 VT-B2 VT-B1
Tie circuit-breaker (CB2)

VT combinations
Line side Bus side
VT-L1/VT-L2 VT-L1 VT-L2
Line 2 circuit-breaker (CB3)

VT combinations
Line side Bus side
Voltage conditions for manual requests are checked during a set "scheme" time-delay.
Voltage conditions
The voltage conditions for each CB are as follows:
Voltage present:
 Vline: On the line VT, the voltage is higher than the set threshold line voltage over threshold.
 Vbusbar: On the busbar VT, the voltage is higher than the set threshold bus voltage over threshold.
Voltage missing:
 Not(Vline): On the line VT, the voltage is lower than the set threshold line voltage under threshold.
 Not(Vbusbar): On the busbar VT, the voltage is lower than the set threshold bus voltage under
threshold.

Permitted frequency delta:
 f < flocking: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is lower than the set
threshold frequency delta threshold for locking.
  < locking: the difference between the line voltage phase angle and the busbar voltage phase angle
is lower than the set threshold phase delta threshold for locking.

Not(Vline)
T3 0
Not(Vbusbar)
C0229ENa


Vbusbar
T2 0
Not(Vline)
C0228ENa



Vline
T2 0
Not(Vbusbar)
C0227ENa



fmin locking< fline< fmax locking
fmin locking < fbusbar < fmax locking
Vline
T1 0
Vbusbar & Closing authorisation
Δf < Δflocking
Δφ< Δφlocking
ΔV < ΔVlocking
C1054ENa
When the Live Line / Live Bus (LLLB) closing conditions are met, CB closure is authorised.
7.2.10.4 SYNCHRO CLOSE CONDITIONS
Note:
All the checks performed for "manual close" conditions are also identically applicable to "synchro close" conditions:
"Dead Line / Dead Bus", "Dead Line / Live Bus", "Live Line / Dead Bus" and "Locking" can be selected in addtion to the
synchro-specific conditions described below, i.e. Coupling.
Voltage conditions for synchro close requests are checked during a set "synchro scheme" time-delay.
Voltage conditions
The voltage conditions for each CB are as follows:
Voltage present:
 Vline: On the line VT, the voltage is higher than the set threshold line voltage over threshold.
 Vbusbar: On the busbar VT, the voltage is higher than the set threshold bus voltage over threshold.
Permitted frequency delta range:
 fmin locking < f < fmax locking: The difference between the line frequency and the busbar frequency is
comprised between the set thresholds minimum frequency delta threshold for coupling and
maximum frequency delta threshold for coupling.



are the coupling conditions.
fmin coupling < fline < fmax coupling
fmin coupling < fbusbar< fmax coupling
Vline
T1 0
& Authorisation to check Δφ
Vbusbar
Δfmin coupling < Δf < Δfmax coupling
ΔV < ΔVcoupling
C1055ENa
account.
 ∆φ = Δf*360*Ta
where Ta = circuit-breaker operating time.
Locking mode vs. Coupling mode

In order to discriminate between the locking and coupling modes, 2 different ranges for frequency differences
are configured.
 Locking range: [0 … ∆fmax locking]
 Coupling range: [∆fmin coupling … ∆fmax coupling]

The 2 ranges may overlap but the following condition must be met:
 ∆fmax coupling > ∆fmax locking

configured for each type of close request:

Manual close
For the manual close request, and for each voltage condition, a closing scheme is defined as shown below:
Live Line / Live Bus (locking) YES / NO
Voltage Conditions Closing Authorisation Verified Voltage Conditions Close request result
Synchro close
For the synchro close request, and for each voltage condition, a close scheme is defined as shown below:
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking and Coupling) YES / NO

Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES LLLB (locking) Accepted
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES LLLB (locking) in progress* Delayed
Live Line / Live Bus (Locking) YES ≠ LLLB (locking) Rejected
YES LLLB (locking) Accepted
and Coupling)
YES LLLB (locking) in progress* Delayed
and Coupling)
YES ≠ LLLB (locking and coupling) Rejected
and Coupling)
YES LLLB (coupling only) Search for min(∆φ)
and Coupling)
NO Any condition Rejected
and Coupling)

Request accepted
According to the configured closing scheme, if the close request is accepted, a close command is sent to the
circuit-breaker.
Request rejected
Request delayed
Synchro close request
If the voltage conditions change while a received synchro close request is being processed, a negative
acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent, and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.


The synchrocheck type 3 function only operates in Evolutive mode:
Evolutive mode
is met, a positive acknowledge is immediately sent to close the circuit-breaker.
check is in progress, the LLLB locking logic is applied.
When a synchro close request is received, if ∆f is within the range [∆fmin coupling ... ∆fmax coupling], the search for
min(∆φ) is started and a time-delay is launched (Delay for coupling).
When a synchro close request is received, if ∆f is not within neither of the ranges [0 ... ∆fmax locking] and
[∆fmin coupling ... ∆fmax coupling], a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is immediatly sent and no close
If ∆f drifts from the Coupling range to the Locking range (outside of any overlap) during the search for
min(∆φ), the search is aborted, the time-delay is reset and a synchro close request is sent according to the
locking logic.
If ∆f drifts outside of both the Coupling and Locking ranges during the search for min(∆φ), the search is
aborted, the time-delay is reset, a negative acknowledge (KO-Synchrocheck) is immediately sent and no
close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
The drift of ∆f during the search for min(∆φ) is confirmed after a fixed time-delay of 5 s.
If ∆f shifts outside of the Coupling range, the ∆f drift time-delay is started. If ∆f returns into the Coupling
range, the ∆f drift time-delay is reset.
If, when the ∆f drift time-delay elapses, ∆f is inside the Locking range, the search is aborted, the time-delay
is reset and a synchro close request is sent according to the locking logic. If ∆f is outside the Locking range,
the search is aborted, the search for min(∆φ) time-delay is reset, a negative acknowledge
(KO-Synchrocheck) is immediately sent and no close command is sent to the circuit-breaker.
Note:
Separate sets of closing schemes and parameters are available for each of the 3 circuit-breakers managed by the
Synchrocheck Type 3 function. For more information on settings, see Application chapter C26x/EN AP.
7.2.10.8 MEASUREMENTS
Due to the specific configuration, the available measurements are restricted to four voltages: one phase
voltage per line/busbar plus the values that can be derived from those.
Measured values:
The following measurement types should be added and wired to MVs:
 VI#1 VAN, RMS value of the voltage phase A (VTL1)
 VI#2 VAN, RMS value of the voltage phase A (VTL2)
 VI#3 VAN, RMS value of the voltage phase A (VTB1)
 VI#4 Vbusbar RMS 1 value of the busbar voltage phase (VTB2)

The measurement type labels correspond to the voltages that would be wired to those inputs in a standard
wiring topology; they should not be taken literally in the breaker-and-a-half configuration.
VI#1, VI#2, VI#3 and VI#4 can acquire measurements from the voltage transformers VT-L1, VT-L2, VT-B1 or
VT-B2, depending on the configuration.

Derived values:
The following measurement types should be added and wired to MVs:
 signed dV, signed dV for CB2, signed dV for CB3 (voltage difference between line and busbar, for
each circuit-breaker): Signed value computed using the selected voltages, according to the dynamic
topology and always using the line voltage as reference. This value is always computed if it is
configured as a standard measurement.
 signed dF, signed dF for CB2, signed dF for CB3 (frequency difference between line and busbar, for
each circuit-breaker): Signed value computed using the selected voltages, according to the dynamic
topology and always using the line voltage as reference. This value is always computed if it is
 signed dPhi, signed dPhi for CB2, signed dPhi for CB3 (phase angle difference between line and
busbar, for each circuit-breaker): Signed value computed using the selected voltages, according to the
dynamic topology and always using the line voltage as reference. This value is always computed if it is
7.2.11 PARAMETERS OF THE TMU2XX BOARD

The parameters for the TMU200 / TMU220 are the same as for the TMU210:
 Reference phase: definition of the voltage reference phase for comparison

 Reference phase side: definition of the energised reference voltage
Note: These setting are not used for Synchrocheck type 3.
7.2.12 CONFIGURATION AND SETTINGS
7.2.12.1 CONFIGURATION
The table below lists all the parameters that can only be set in the SCE configuration (not in DS Agile S1).
Configuration / Label in SCE Setting range SC Type
General
Type 1, Type 2 and
SC type type 1, type 2 or type 3
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Check voltage Yes or No
Type 3
Exclusive mode
drift Management Evolutive mode Type 1
Split mode
star on both side
delta on both side
wiring mode Type 1
star on line - delta on busbar
delta on line - star on busbar
Earth to Phase Coefficient 0 to 2, in steps of 0.01 Type 1
Voltage condition
S filtering value (Hz) From 0.8 Hz to 1.6 Hz, in steps of 0.1 Hz Type 2
dS/dt filtering enable No or Yes Type 2
dS/dt filtering value (Hz) From 0.5 Hz to 2 Hz, in steps of 0.1 Hz Type 2
dS/dt max value (Hz) From 10 mHz/s to 50 mHz/s, in steps of 5 mHz/s Type 2

7.2.12.2 SETTINGS
The table below lists all the parameters that can be set in both the SCE configuration and using the setting
software DS Agile S1.
Settings / Label in SCE / S1 Setting range SC Type Comments
Timers
From 20 ms to 10 s, Type 1, Type 2 and
T1: presence deltas test duration
in steps of 10 ms Type 3
T2: presence test duration
T3: absence deltas test duration
For optimal
0 to 1s, Type 1, Type 2 and performances, Ta must
Ta: close time of the Circuit-Breaker
in steps of 10 ms Type 3 be greater than or equal
to 50 ms
Voltage presence conditions / Thresholds
0 to 100% Vn, Type 1, Type 2 and
Line voltage over threshold
in steps of 1% Vn Type 3
0 to 100% Vn, Type 1, Type 2 and for type 2, defined by the
Line voltage under threshold
in steps of 1% Vn Type 3 fixed drop-off percent
Bus voltage over threshold
0 to 100% Vn, Type 1, Type 2 and for type 2, defined by the
Bus voltage under threshold
in steps of 1% Vn Type 3 fixed drop-off percent
Locking and Coupling
Locking parameters
Voltage delta threshold for locking
45 to 59.5 Hz,
Minimum frequency for locking Type 1 and Type 3
in steps of 0.1 Hz
50.5 to 66 Hz,
Maximum frequency for locking Type 1 and Type 3
in steps of 0.1 Hz
0 to 1 Hz,
Frequency delta threshold for locking Type 1 and Type 3
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 90°, Type 1, Type 2 and
Phase delta threshold for locking
in steps of 1° Type 3
% of the present
0.02 to 0.1 %,
Frequency shift threshold for locking Type 2 frequency of the
in steps of 0.01 %
reference signal
Split parameters
Only used if drift
Voltage diff. drift management split mode No or Yes Type 1
management=Split mode
0 to 100% Vn, Only used if drift
Min voltage diff. (%) Type 1
in steps of 1% Vn management=Split mode
0 to 100% Vn, Only used if drift
Max voltage diff.(%) Type 1
in steps of 1% Vn management=Split mode
Only used if drift
Frequency diff. drift management split mode No or Yes Type 1
0 to 1 Hz, Only used if drift
Min frequency diff. (Hz) Type 1
in steps of 0.01 Hz management=Split mode
0 to 1 Hz, Only used if drift
Max frequencydiff. (Hz) Type 1
in steps of 0.01 Hz management=Split mode


No or Yes (Yes must be
Only used if drift
Phase diff. drift management split mode selected if Split mode is Type 1
used)
-180° to 0, Only used if drift
Min phase diff. Type 1
in steps of 1° management=Split mode
0 to 180°, Only used if drift
Max phase diff. Type 1
in steps of 1° management=Split mode
0 to 10 s, Only used if drift
Time out drift management split mode Type 1
in steps of 0.1 s management=Split mode
Coupling parameters
0 to 100% Vn, Type 1, Type 2,
Voltage delta threshold for coupling
45 to 59.5 Hz,
Minimum frequency for coupling Type 1, Type 3
in steps of 0.1 Hz
50.5 to 66 Hz,
Maximum frequency for coupling Type 1, Type 3
in steps of 0.1 Hz
Maximum frequency delta threshold for 0 to 1 Hz,
Type 1, Type 3
coupling in steps of 0.01 Hz
Minimum frequency delta threshold for 0 to 1 Hz,
Type 1, Type 3
coupling in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 90°,
Phase delta threshold for coupling Type 1
in steps of 1°
% of the present
0.1 to 1%,
Frequency shift threshold for coupling Type 2 frequency of the
in steps of 0.02%
reference signal
1 to 3600 s, Type 1, Type 2 and
Delay for coupling
in steps of 1 s Type 3
Schemes
Close with synchro schemes
Type 1, Type 2 and
Coupling and locking No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Locking No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Line Dead and Bus Live No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Line Live and Bus Dead No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Line Dead and Bus Dead No or Yes
Type 3
From 200 ms to 10 s,
Delay (ms) Type 1 and Type 3
in steps of 10 ms
Close schemes
Type 1, Type 2 and
Locking No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Line Dead and Bus Live No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Line Live and Bus Dead No or Yes
Type 3
Type 1, Type 2 and
Line Dead and Bus Dead No or Yes
Type 3
Delay (ms)


AutoReCloser schemes
Locking No or Yes Type 1 and Type 2
Line Dead and Bus Live No or Yes Type 1 and Type 2
Line Live and Bus Dead No or Yes Type 1 and Type 2
Line Dead and Bus Dead No or Yes Type 1 and Type 2
From 200 ms to 10 s,
Delay (ms) Type 1 and Type 2
in steps of 10 ms
7.2.12.3 THRESHOLD HYSTERESIS VALUES

A hysteresis is built into each threshold calculation in order to avoid multiple state changes for values close
to the threshold (toggling). The thresholds pick up at their set value, and drop off at their set value minus the
hysteresis below for 'over' (>) thresholds or at their set value plus the hysteresis below for 'under' (<)
thresholds:
 voltage thresholds: 5% of set value

 voltage delta threshold for locking and coupling:
 2% of nominal voltage for TMU220
 2% of delta voltage for TMU210
 frequency delta threshold for locking: 0.007 Hz

 frequency delta threshold for coupling: 0.014 Hz
 over- and underfrequency thresholds: 0.1 Hz
 phase delta threshold for locking
 +/– 1° for synchrocheck type 1/2
 +/– 2° for synchrocheck type 3
7.2.13 MANAGEMENT OF THE 5TH VT INPUT ON THE TMU220 BOARD

The fifth VT input allows using 2 different synchrocheck voltages: Vbusbar1 and Vbusbar2
An internal SPS, defined in the SCE configuration, allows choosing either voltage to close the circuit-breaker
with synchrocheck. This SPS can be directly measured or derived using a programmable scheme logic
(PSL). Depending on its state, the selected busbar voltage is:
 Vbusbar1 if the SPS is RESET (or FORCED RESET or SUBSTITUTED RESET)

 Vbusbar2 if the SPS is SET (or FORCED SET or SUBSTITUTED SET)
If the state of this SPS changes during a synchrocheck closure, the operation is aborted, a negative
acknowledgement (KO-Synchrocheck) is sent and the system waits for a new command.
If the SPS is SELFCHECK FAULTY (or TOGGLING or UNKNOWN or SUPPRESSED), no busbar voltage
can be used (automatic forcing can be used on this SPS to pre-define a behaviour in case of invalid state)
This SPS is optional: if it is not configured, Vbusbar1 is used.
The 5th voltage input is associated to an RMS measurement and can be used in the same was as the other
VIs. This new measurement is defined using the SCE with the TMU220 board.
Samples from the fifth voltage channel can be included in fast waveform records.
The RMS value of Vbusbar2 can be included in a slow waveform record.

7.2.14 DIGITAL OUTPUT (DO) OF THE CIRCUIT-BREAKER

The DPC of the circuit-breaker can be configured on the DSPIO or on a DOU board.
On DSPIO, the DPC close relay is mandatorily connected to the contact 1 or contact 2 of relay 3 (pins 9/10
or 11/12).
In this event there are only 2 choices for the DPC type:
 Transient
 Permanent until feedback
If a DOU board is used, both contacts must be connected to it with same constraint.
Note: The check sequence is detailed at the end of the Interlocking section
7.3 INTERLOCKING: LOGICAL EQUATIONS

In an electrical substation, the switching devices include primarily:
 Circuit-breakers
 Traditional disconnecting switches
 Disconnecting switches with abrupt loss
 Ground disconnecting switches
The operation of a switching device is directly related to its nature and its environment. It can be operated
only with respect of specific conditions called interlocking conditions; they are checked within the controller
using logical equations.
Interlocking conditions allow blocking remote controls that are beyond the switching device standard
conditions of operation. They can be applied to any module or any control.
The operation of the disconnecting switches is also checked against the topology. The topological
interlocking equations are generated by independent software. This software takes in account the topology
and some predefined rules.
Comparison of the interlocking schemes:
Conventional
Boolean equations Topological interlock
interlock
Security-related interlock Relay schemes Boolean equations Evaluation of potential isolating distance
Simple-operation related
Additional circuits Boolean equations Path tracking
interlock
Zone Selection of switchgear position indications Complete connected area
Complex-operation related
Restricted Fully by “search of path”
interlock
Taking intermediate position
Restricted Fully by “worst case” analysis
into account
Applying set of rules Project-specific Generic conditions
Image of s/s topology Ring wiring Topological database
Testability Restricted Full

7.3.1 INPUTS
Interlocking function can use the following inputs:
 Digital inputs from the system digital input boards, from other system controllers, from protection
relays and other IEDs via a communication network (single and double point, digital groups).
 Internal indications (e. g. system failures, equipment operation modes, ...).

 Limits derived from measured values by the systems analog input boards (CT, VT, transducers), other
system controllers, protection relays and other IEDs via a communication network.
7.3.2 OUTPUTS
The result of the interlocking equation is transmitted through a system binary output and saved locally in
RAM.
Any task can get the result of the computation. For example, the function managing “control of sequence”
uses this output to know whether the control can be executed; then, a simple transient binary input can be
set if it has been configured. The same SPS is used for the commands “open” and “close” of an xPC.
7.3.3 CONTROL
There is no control. An equation is computed whenever one of its input changes of state or of validity.
7.3.4 BEHAVIOUR
7.3.4.1 PRINCIPLE
In a C26x, a logical interlocking equation is defined as a sum of products (AB+CDE+F for example).
7.3.4.1.1 Introduction
Interlocking function uses up to two interlocking equations per switching device on bay-level and on
substation-level. During configuration process the definition of the switching devices can be:
 without associated interlocking equations,

 with only one interlocking equation, e. g. for opening, while closing is not checked or vice-versa,
 with two interlocking equations (for opening and closing). The interlocking equations can be different
but can also be identical.
The equation is composed of Boolean information that mainly represents the position of other switching
devices.
The interlocking for a switching device might include:
 Local equation, that requires information from its own digital inputs and IEDs connected to the C26x.
 Substation equation, that requires information from its digital inputs and inputs provided by the
communications network from other C26x, from bay controllers and from IED’s (protection relays,
etc.). Substation interlocking can also include topological interlocking.
Both types are managed by the C26x which controls the switching device.
7.3.4.1.2 Local interlocking
There can be up to one equation for each switching device and for each direction (open and close). If there
is no equation for a switching device for a direction, the related variable equals true.
7.3.4.1.3 Substation interlocking
The substation interlocking analyses the position of all the switching devices in the substation and calculates
the substation interlocking equation to authorise control of a switching device according to the mechanical
and electrical capabilities of the switching device. If there is no equation for a switching device for a direction,
the related variable equals true.

Example:
7.3.4.1.4 Validity of information

The interlocking equation uses not only the information value but also its validity (invalid, ...).
The evaluation of the result of the basic operators is as follows:
NOT
True False
False True
Invalid Invalid
OR True False Invalid

True True True True
False True False Invalid
Invalid True Invalid Invalid
XOR True False Invalid

True False True Invalid
False True False Invalid
Invalid Invalid Invalid Invalid
AND True False Invalid

True True False Invalid
False False False False
Invalid Invalid False Invalid
Note: RS and timers are not allowed.
An Interlocking equation in the INVALID state is considered as FALSE.

But the system binary input also generated can be valid (SET or RESET) or invalid.

7.3.4.1.5 Interlocking bypass

Bypass made by key switch
Interlocking can be overridden (interlocking bypass mode). Overriding of interlocking can be set from the
LOCAL control point.
During configuration, optional overriding of interlocking from any other control point can be defined according
to customer requirements. This includes the possibility of overriding of interlocking per switching device or
per bay or per substation.
If an interlocking is overridden, the associated variable is true.
Bypass within the control
From ANY control point, the operator can bypass the interlocking check. Bypass is then an attribute of the
control. If the bypass is set, the function managing the “control of sequence” does not use the service giving
the current result of the interlocking equations.
7.3.4.2 SOFTWARE TASKS

A logical equation is a sum of products. Each product comprises logical data that can be complemented.
Each electrical component has two logical equations at the most, and each logical equation is associated
with one electrical component.
Example of Logical equation: X = A.B + C.D.E
In this example, the component X can be operated only if:
 (A is in the higher state) AND (B is in the lower state)

OR
 (C is in the lower state) AND (D is in the higher state) AND (E is in the lower state)
The terms of these equations can be issued from:
 Simple point status (BI)

 Double point status (BI)
 1 among N BIs (SIG)
 Measurement (MEAS)
At configuration time, operator has to define the “interlocking profile” of each data included in an interlocking
equation. It means that operator must select for each state or validity of a data a logical state (TRUE, FALSE
or INVALID).
Interlocking computation
As said before, an interlocking equation
 is computed each time that one of its element changes of quality or state and
 is defined by a sum of product.
Upon reception of a new state or quality for a data
 Get logical state associated to the received state and validity of the data
 For each equation that includes the data
 Compute the sum of product
 Determine the result of the interlocking equation (TRUE or FALSE)
 Send new state of the system binary input representing the result of the interlock. BI can be: SET,
RESET or INVALID

Interlocking consultation
On reception of open or close request, if the logical equation associated with the switching device exists, the
“control of sequence” function used the service offered by the interlocking function to get the result of the
interlocking associated to the received request.
If result of the interlocking is TRUE, the check is considered as achieved, else request must be refused and
a negative acknowledgement sent to the origin of the request.
Simulation and test of interlocking equations
The interlocking system is checked during the in house test of the substation control system. Each
interlocking equation may be checked by issuing a control to the corresponding switching device.
For checking the interlocking on site a “SIMULATION mode“ is implemented in the controller. In this
operating mode, a valid control is sent to the output, but closing the contact is not performed and a positive
acknowledgement message is generated.

7.3.5 INTERLOCKING AND SYNCHROCHECK

The interlocking conditions must be checked again after the Synchrocheck conditions are fulfilled.
In event the interlocking conditions are not fulfilled, a report message pops up.

7.4 SLOW AUTOMATION: PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROL (PLC)

During the substation configuration phase, the C26x allows you to configure the specific control sequences
or automations: for example, the switching sequences, busbar transfer, load shedding, and GIS-pressure
supervision.
You create the Programmable Logic Controls (PLC) or Configurable Automations and build them onto a logic
development workbench. The real time kernel of the controller operates them.
The software logic package includes the logic development workbench. The logic development workbench is
a host-based software development environment related to the SCE. Use the software logic package and the
logic development workbench to create the control logic programs in the DS Agile C26x.
The logic development workbench includes a set of tools that allow you to:
 Edit
 Generate code
 Simulate
 Debug
 Project management.
The software logic package supports standard programming languages of the IEC 1131-3:
 Sequential Function Chart, SFC (GRAFCET)

 For action and transition description, you can use this language with Function Block Diagram (FBD),
Ladder Diagram (LD) or Instruction List (IL).
 Structured Text, ST
The logic development workbench generates code. The code is uploaded to the controller target system that
operates the code.
Control logic
application
code
Soft Logic Target

package hardware
C0019ENa
Figure 74: PLC workbench
For ISaGRAF, refer to the chapter SCE/EN AP.

7.4.1 INPUTS
All the datapoints of the C26x can be used as an input of a PLC.
7.4.1.1 DATA ACQUIRED BY C26X
 BI: non filtered change of states are transmitted to PLC kernel

 MEAS (MV or DM)
 CT
 Tap position (TPI aka SPI)
7.4.1.2 DATA MANAGED BY C26X
 CO
Note:
A CO can be used as input of a PLC function, but only through the use of ‘C’ function present by default with the kernel.
7.4.1.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF CONTROL

A PLC function can manage a control sequence:
 Send control
 Process acknowledgement to the sent control
7.4.2 OUTPUTS
A PLC function can:
 Generate a BI, for example. PLC is considered as source of acquisition of the data point
 Generate an MEAS
 Generate a CT
 Generate an SPI
 Generate an SIG
 Modify quality of a Binary Input defined in the controller: force, suppress or substitution request
 Modify quality of an MEAS defined in the controller: force, suppress or substitution request
 Modify quality of an SIG defined in the controller: force, suppress or substitution request
 Send binary order to controller boards or IED or to another controller
 Send digital and analogue setpoints to controller boards or IED or to another controller.

7.4.3 CONTROL
Automations can be triggered:
 By operator request,
 By events (digital or analogue input state changes),
 Cyclically (each day, each week or each month),
 At a specific date and time (e. g.: 20. 12. at 10:00).
7.4.4 BEHAVIOUR
The controller has a software execution engine that interprets the automation application code as shown in
the cycle that follows:
Read inputs
Execute programs
Write outputs
C0345ENa
The cycle duration depends on the number of I/O to be scanned and the complexity of the operations to be
performed. Set the cycle during the configuration process.
7.4.4.1 INTERFACING WITH AN HMI OR AN RCP/SCADA

A master station on a remote site can send and receive data to and from the automation applications of
C26x.
In DB, the data sent by a master station to an automation application include DO and BI entities. Conversely,
the data received by a master station from automation applications include DI, Measurements, Metering
(non-tariff), and Tap Changer Position entities. These data have a unique transmission address for C26x.
7.4.5 LIMITS AND SPECIFICATIONS

 The execution of the automation sequences can be cyclic and/or event-driven.
 Maximum number of cyclic PLC-programs is 32.
 The two different time cycles of a PLC-program can be set from 10 ms up to several seconds. For
some specific equations a cycle less or equal to 10ms and a cycle less or equal to 100ms for the other
logic equations. The time cycle for the automatic functions is less than 100ms.
 Each PLC-program operates on one controller: this means a PLC-program cannot be distributed
within the system. However, it is possible to use data obtained by other controllers.
 Routing of the automatism applications to the memory must be in agreement with the memory and
hardware design.
 To debug the applications, you can connect a PC to the front face. The hardware design separates the
debug function and the application download function.

7.5 FAST AUTOMATION: PROGRAMMABLE SCHEME LOGIC (PSL)
7.5.1 GENERAL
As automations created through ISaGRAF are dependent on the ISaGRAF cycle whose value is about 50ms
at least, it may be necessary to implement configurable automations that can be achieved in less than 50ms.
PSL is the solution for implementation of automatism to perform as quickly as possible.
Designed solution is mainly based on mechanism used for the computation of logical interlocking (see logical
interlocking for details). Indeed, logical gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR or a combination of these gates
can be processed as a logical equation. Some other functions (drop-off & pickup timer, bistables) are added
to these logic gates.
These automations are event-driven: they are calculated each time an input changes: that is, there is no
cycle time.
Only BI and measurements described are usable as inputs (controls are not). Transient SPS are transformed
in permanent SPS. A reset state is created 1ms after the set state.
PSL are logical equations that use the following functions:
 AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR operators

 "bistable" functions
 pickup and drop-off timers (from 50 ms to 1 hour, by step of 10 ms)
 BI setting – the system BI is:
 SET if the PSL is TRUE
 RESET if the PSL is FALSE
 INVALID if the PSL is INVALID
 Digital Output setting – the DO is:

 closed if the PSL is TRUE
 opened if the PSL is FALSE or INVALID (only in the event of a permanent DO)
 INVALID if the PSL is INVALID
The equations management rules described for interlocking equations apply on PSL.
Digital outputs used as outputs are mandatory local hardwired DO directly managed by the controller.

I1
& DO1
setting
I2
& DO2
setting
≥1 t
&
BI1
≥1
setting
≥1
I3
≥1
I4
C0140ENa
Figure 75: Example of PSL
7.5.2 TIMERS
For TON/TOFF timers, the timer value input can be associated:
 to a direct value
 to a timer setting input (FBD Timer)
input
TON /
TOFF
Timer value output
In C26x, a timer setting is taken into account at the next evaluation of the TON/TOFF operator (i.e. when the
input changes).
TON:
Event
Input = 0 Input = 1 Input = INV T expiration
State
Not initialized Output = 0

Output = 0 Output = INV
Activate T X
0 Goto state 1 Goto state 3
Goto state 4
Output = 0 Activate T Activate T
X X
Output = 1 Output = 0 Output = INV
X X
Output = 0
Output = INV Output = 0
Activate T X X
3 Goto state 1
Goto state 4

Event
State
Input = 1, Output = 0 and timer activated Stop T Output = 1
X Goto state 5
Input = INV, Output = 0 and timer
Stop T Activate T Output = INV
activated X
Goto state 1 Goto state 4 Goto state 3
5
TOFF:
Event
State
Not initialized Output = 0 Output = 1 Output = INV
X
0 Goto state 1 Goto state 2 Goto state 3
Output = 0 Output = 1 Output = INV
X X
Output = 1 Activate T Activate T
X X
Output = INV Output = 0 Output = 1
X X
Input = 0, Output = 1 and timer activated Stop T Output = 0
X Goto state 5
Input = INV, Output = 1 and timer
Stop T Output = INV
activated Goto state 4 X
Goto state 2 Goto state 3
5
X is a forbidden action: it means the controller goes in Halt mode.
7.5.3 BOOLEAN
For one Boolean operator (i.e. AND, OR, XOR, NOT operators only), one (and only one) input can be
defined as a parameter.
Input x
Logical
Input y Operator Output
Boolean Parameter
In C26x, the Boolean setting is taken into account immediately (i.e. managed as the modification of an
operator input).
7.5.4 RS FLIP-FLOP
S
RS flip-flop Q
R

The Q state:
 equals to 1 when the S input is set

 equals to 0 when the R input is set
 is unchanged when both inputs are at 0
 is forced to reset when both inputs are at 1
Event
S=0 S=1 S = INV R=0 R=1 R = INV End of init
State
Not initialized VAR= Q-1 VAR=1 VAR= Q-1 VAR= Q-1 VAR=0 VAR= Q-1
0 Goto state 1 Goto state 1 Goto state 1 Goto state 2 Goto state 2 Goto state 2 X
Not initialized, awaiting VAR=0
R init X X X Goto state 3 Goto state 3 X
1 Goto state 3
Not initialized, awaiting If R=1, then

S init VAR=0, else
Goto state 3 Goto state 3 X X X X
VAR=1
2 Goto State 3
Not initialized, awaiting Q=VAR

end of init If Q=0 goto
X X X X X X
state 4 else
3 goto state 5
If (R=0 or If S=1Q=1
Q=0 R=INV) then
No Action Q=1 Goto Goto State 5 No Action No Action X
4 state 5, else No Action Else No
no action Action
If R=1 then Q=0

Q=1 Q=0 Goto
No Action No Action No Action Goto state 4 No Action X
5 state 4, else
no action
X is a forbidden action: it means the controller would go in Halt mode.

Q-1 is the output value before the reinitialization (stored in the C26x); at first boot (after change of data base)
Q-1 =0.
N.B.: A change of software without a change of database is not considered as a first boot Q-1 is the
memorised one.
Let I1, I2 be the inputs of RS latch.
These inputs can be acquired:
 directly by C26x’s BIU

 through an IED (IED legacy or IED on SBUS)
In the event of a loss of source of information, C26x can temporarily lose I1 or I2. Examples: reboot of C26x,
disconnection of the IED sever of I1, I2, …
I1 I2 S R Q
1 0 1 0 1 Initial state
1 1 - - 1 source lost and I2 changed
1 1 1 1 0 source restored

I1 I2 S R Q
0 1 - - 1 source lost, and I1 and I2 changed
I1 I2 S R Q
1 0 - - 0 source lost and I2 changed
7.6 LOAD SHEDDING – C26X–STANDALONE
List1 List2 List3 List4

f1< control f2< control f3< control f4< control
LS On/Off Status
LS On/Off control
LS Group x status
Blocking condition x GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 LS CB x rejected by
setting blocking condition
blocking condition LS CB x completed
information LS CB x failed
CBx status List x Status
Inter-group delay Blocking condition
x status
CBx control LOAD SHEDDING CBx open control
time-out
C0293ENa
Database (.adb)
Note: The Load Shedding function is available only on the C26x–Standalone unit.

7.6.1 INPUTS
 f1<, f2<, f3<, f4<: digital inputs, coming from frequency relay. Each input is a frequency threshold and
is associated to a group.
 List1, List2, List3, List4 control: each “list” input is a set of three setpoints associated to a group. These
setpoints give the list of circuit-breakers attached to a group. They can be only received from the
SCADA interface. ASDU 48 (setpoint normalised value) is used for these setpoints.
 LS On/Off Control: control (DPC type) that allows you to set On or Off the Load Shedding automation.
This control can be received from the SCADA interface or from the C26x local HMI.
 Blocking condition x setting (1≤x≤6): each blocking condition setting is a set of three setpoints. These
setpoints give the list of circuit-breakers blocked by the condition x. It can be only received from the
 Blocking condition data: digital inputs that blocks the CB trip is set, according to the CBx blocking
condition setting. A maximum of 6 SPS / DPS can be defined as blocking condition information.
 CBx status: status of each circuit-breaker (Feedback of the CBx control).

 Inter-group delay: delay between each group when several group are activated: that is, when CB of a
group have to be tripped. This delay is defined in configuration and settable through a setpoint (ASDU
48) that can be only received from the SCADA interface. The delay is stored in flash memory, but set
to the value defined in configuration in the event of a database switch.
 CBx control time-out: one time-out per circuit-breaker. For a circuit-breaker, this time-out defines the
authorized delay between the CB control activation and the CB position change. These time-out are
defined in configuration – through Alstom DS Agile SCE – as the CB control’s Feedback time-out.
 Database: C26x database (.adb file).
7.6.2 ALGORITHM
Group definition
At configuration time (with DS Agile SCE), the operator defines the list of CB attached to each Load
Shedding group. The minimum number of CBs in a group is 0, the maximum number is 40. No more than 40
CBs can be defined for the whole automation. The 40 CBs that you can use in the load shedding function are
tagged in configuration with a number from 1 to 40.
When the database is downloaded and switched, the load shedding automation considers the data
described in the database (last setting sent by the SCADA is lost). The Listx status information is updated
and sent to the SCADA.
The assignment of CB to the groups is performed on-line through the SCADA interface, whatever was the
status of the automation (On or Off). Three setpoints are defined per group, each value combination gives
the allocation of a CB to the group as defined in the table below:
Breaker number/
/ 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
setpoint 1
Breaker number/
/ 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
setpoint 2
Breaker number/
/ / / / / / 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31
setpoint 3
Bit 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Value 16384 8192 4096 2048 1024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
If a CB is already assigned to another group, it is automatically re-assigned to the new group (a CB can be
affected to only one group). After assignment, the Listx status information for group(s) that has(have) been
modified is sent to the SCADA.

During CB assignment (from the reception of the Listx control up to the sending of the Listx status), the load
shedding function cannot be started.
The group definition is saved in flash memory and restored after a controller reboot. It is erased in the event
of a database switch.
Locally to the controller, assignments of CB to a group can be performed only through a database download.
Blocking conditions
You can define as many as 6 SPS/DPS as blocking condition: they are numbered from 1 to 6.
At configuration time (with Alstom DS Agile SCE), the operator defines the list of blocking conditions
activated for each circuit-breaker.
When the database is downloaded and switched, the load shedding automation takes into account
information described in the database (last setting sent by the SCADA is lost).
The use of blocking condition is also performed through the SCADA interface, whatever was the status of the
automation (On or Off). Three setpoints are defined on a per blocking condition basis; each value
combination gives the association between the CB and the blocking condition (refer to the table of group
definition).
The usage of blocking conditions is saved in flash memory and restored after a controller reboot. It is erased
in the event of a database switch.
After assignment, the Blocking condition x status information for blocking condition(s) that has(have) been
Automation
The automation is activated only if it is On. The On / Off control (DPC) is performed through the SCADA
interface or the controller local HMI. The automation status is provided through a DPS.
As soon as a fx< SPS is detected in a SET state, the CB belonging to the group x are tripped, with the
following constraints:
 The order to trip the first CB will be sent in less than 100ms after the fx< detection whatever was the
number of CBs in the group
 If the group contains as many as 20 CBs, the order to trip the 20th CB is sent in less than 500 ms after
the fx< detection
 If the group contains as many as 40 CBs, the order to trip the 20th CB is sent in less than 500 ms after
the fx< detection and the order to trip the last CB is sent in less than 1 second after the fx< detection
 A blocking condition on a CB prevents its trip

 No other information than the blocking condition can prevent the CB trip, such as interlocking, control
uniqueness, bad CB state (already open, jammed, and so on….)
Note: Time constraints are given from fx< transition detection to Digital Output closure.
Any invalid state of the fx< SPS (Selfcheck faulty, toggling) is not taken into account to trig the automation.
In the event of a simultaneous fx< detection: that is, multiple fx< detection with the same time tag, the groups
are activated in the order of trigger detection:
 If the "inter-group delay" is null, the time constraints given above are respected for each group
 If the "inter-group delay" is not null, all CB of one group are tripped before beginning to trip all CB of
the following group.

In the event of multiple fx< detections: that is, fx detection during activation of an other group, the groups will
be activated in the order of trigger detection. So, all CBs of the first group will be tripped before beginning to
trip all CBs of the following group.
7.6.3 OUTPUTS
 LS On/Off Status (DPS type): status of the Load Shedding automation
 LS Group x status (SPS permanent type, 1≤x≤4): set as soon as a group is activated: that is, the fx<
input is set and automation status is On. Reset when the last CB control has been performed,
whatever was the control result
 LS CB x rejected for blocking condition (SPS transient type, 1≤x≤40): one piece of information on a
per circuit-breaker basis. Set during 100 ms if the control is refused due to a blocking condition
 LS CB x completed (SPS transient type, 1≤x≤40): one piece of information on a per circuit-breaker
basis. Set during 100 ms if the control has been correctly performed: that is, the breaker opened
before the end of the control time-out.
 LS CB x failed (SPS transient type, 1≤x≤40): one piece of information on a per circuit-breaker basis.
Set during 100 ms if the CB is not opened at the end of the control time-out
 Listx Status (1≤x≤4): status of the assignment of CB to a group, transmitted to the SCADA through an
analogue value (ASDU 09 or 10)
 Blocking condition x Status (1≤x≤6): list of CBs for which the blocking condition is set, transmitted to
the SCADA through an analogue value (ASDU 09 or 10)
 CBx open control: control for CB trip
7.6.4 HYPOTHESIS AND CONSTRAINTS

 Only one frequency relay provides frequency thresholds to the C26x
 The Load Shedding automation can manage as many as 40 circuit-breakers
 All DOU or CCU boards used for CB controls must be in the same rack
 All the configurable information used for Load Shedding function is set using Alstom DS Agile SCE
 There is no way to visualise / modify the settings from the controller local HMI or from the CMT
 Functioning in the event of a main 1 rack redundancy
 Load Shedding must operate in the event of a main 1 rack redundancy.
 LS function can be set On or Off from the SCADA interface. The SCADA sends this order to only
one main 1 rack. The order must be automatically transmitted to other main 1 racks.
 All settings defined on a main 1 rack are also automatically transmitted to other main 1 racks.
[settings = Inter-group delay; List of circuit-breakers attached to each group; List of circuit-breakers
blocked by each blocking condition]
 In the event of a group activation (fx< goes in Set state), the LS automation operates in parallel on
all front-end main racks.
 Management of the LS On/Off state

 The LS On/Off state is saved in non volatile memory. This data is erased only when the controller
boots with a DB without LS (so, this information is kept on DB switch).
 After a controller reboot, if a “saved LS On/Off state” is found the LS function is set in this saved
state, otherwise the LS is set in On state (default state).

 Management of Settings
 LS setting are saved in non volatile memory. This information is erased on DB switch.
 After a controller reboot, if “saved LS settings” are found these settings are used, otherwise
settings given by the DB are used.
7.6.5 CONFIGURABLE DATA

Provided
Default
Attribute Range through S9R Comments
Value
file
Load Shedding Automation
100 milli-
Inter-group delay from 0 to 9999ms Yes with a 100 ms step
second
Circuit Breaker
Group assignment 0 [0..4] Yes 0 = no assignment to a group
Breaker number 0 [0..40] Yes 0 = not used in Load Shedding
Given by the feedback timeout on the
control time-out 600 ms [0..6000000] Yes
CB control
No = the blocking condition is not
Blocking condition n° 1 No Yes / No Yes
used for the breaker
SPS / DPS datapoint
0 = the SPS / DPS is not used as a
Blocking condition number 0 [0..6] Yes
blocking condition
Indicates if the blocking condition is
Blocking state On On / Off Yes
active with the ON or OFF state
Furthermore, all datapoints described above are configured using the SCE and must be provided by the S9R
file.

7.7 LOAD CURTAILMENT – C26X-STANDALONE
List1 List2 List3 List4

control control control control
G1 G2 G3 G4
activation activation activation activation
LC On/Off Status
LC On/Off control
LC Group x status
Blocking condition x GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 LC CB x rejected by
setting blocking condition
blocking condition LC CB x completed
information LC CB x failed
List x Status
CBx status
Blocking condition
x status
CBx control LOAD CURTAILMENT CBx open control
time-out
C0294ENa
Database (.adb)
7.7.1 INPUTS
 List1, List2, List3, List4 control: each “list” input is a set of two setpoints associated to a group. These
setpoints give the list of circuit-breakers attached to a group. They can be only received from the
 Gx activation: SPC, for each group, that allows you to activate the Load Curtailment function for the
Group x when a SET control is received (the RESET control has no effect).
 LC On/Off Control: control (DPC type) that allows you to set On or Off the Load Curtailment
automation. This control can be received from the SCADA interface or from the C26x local HMI.
 Blocking condition x setting (1≤x≤6): each blocking condition setting is a set of 2 setpoints. These
setpoints gives the list of circuit-breakers blocked by the condition x. It can be only received from the
 Blocking condition information: digital inputs that block the CB trip is set, according to the CBx
blocking condition setting. A maximum of 6 SPS / DPS can be defined as blocking condition
information.
 CBx status: status of each circuit-breaker (Feedback of the CBx control).

 CBx control time-out: one time-out per circuit-breaker. For a circuit-breaker, this time-out defines the
authorized delay between the CB control activation and the CB position change. These time-outs are
defined in configuration – through Alstom DS Agile SCE – as the CB control’s Feedback time-out.
 Database: C26x database (.adb file).
7.7.2 ALGORITHM
Group definition
At configuration time (with DS Agile SCE), the operator defines the list of CBs attached to each Load
Curtailment group. The CB minimum number in a group is 0, the maximum number is 5. No more than 20
CBs can be defined for the whole automation. The 20 CBs that can be used in load curtailment function are
tagged in configuration with a number from 1 to 20.

When the database is downloaded and switched, the load curtailment automation takes into account
information described in the database (last setting sent by the SCADA is lost). The Listx status information is
updated and sent to the SCADA.
The assignment of CB to the groups is performed on-line through the SCADA interface, whatever was the
status of the automation (On or Off). Two setpoints are defined per group, each value combination gives the
allocation of a CB to the group as defined in the table below:
Breaker number/
/ 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
setpoint 1
Breaker number/
/ / / / / / / / / / / 20 19 18 17 16
setpoint 2
Bit 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Value 16384 8192 4096 2048 1024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
If a CB is already assigned to another group, it is automatically re-assigned to the new group (a CB can be
affected to only one group). After assignment, the Listx status information for group(s) that has(have) been
During CB assignment (from the reception of the Listx control up to the sending of the Listx status), the load
curtailment function cannot be started.
The group definition is saved in flash memory and restored after a controller reboot. It is erased in the event
of a database switch.
Locally to the controller, assignments of CB to a group can be performed only through a database download.
Blocking conditions
You can define as many as 6 SPS/DPS as blocking condition: they are numbered from 1 to 6.
At configuration time (with Alstom DS Agile SCE), the operator defines the list of blocking conditions
activated for each circuit-breaker.
When the database is downloaded and switched, the load shedding automation takes into account
information described in the database (last setting sent by the SCADA is lost).
The use of blocking condition is performed through the SCADA interface, whatever was the status of the
automation (On or Off). Two setpoints are defined on a per blocking condition basis; each value combination
gives the association between the CB and the blocking condition (refer to the table of group definition).
The usage of blocking conditions is saved in flash memory and restored after a controller reboot. It is erased
in the event of a database switch.
After assignment, the Blocking condition x status information for blocking condition(s) that has (have) been
Automation
The automation is activated only if it is On. The On/Off control (DPC) is performed through the SCADA
interface or the C26x LHMI. The automation status is provided through a DPS.
When the SET control is received through the Gx Activation SPC: that is, reception by the C26x of the order,
all the CB belonging to the group x must be tripped in less than 300 ms.
Notes:
- A blocking condition on a CB prevents its trip
- No other information than the blocking condition can prevent the CB trip [ inter-locking, control uniqueness, bad CB
state (already open, jammed, …), ….]

In the event of a multiple reception of Gx Activation controls, the groups are activated in the order of control
reception. So the CBs of a group are tripped before beginning to trip those of another group. In this event,
the time to trip the CB of the other(s) group(s) can be more then 300 ms.
7.7.3 OUTPUTS
 LC On/Off Status (DPS type): status of the Load Curtailment automation
 LC Group x status (SPS permanent type, 1≤x≤4): set as soon as a group is activated: that is, one Gx
Activation control received and automation status is On. Reset when the last CB control has been
performed, whatever was the control result
 LC CB x rejected for blocking condition (SPS transient type, 1≤x≤20): one piece of information on a
per circuit-breaker basis. Set during 100 ms if the control is refused due to a blocking condition
 LC CB x completed (SPS transient type, 1≤x≤20): one piece of information on a per circuit-breaker
basis. Set during 100 ms if the control has been correctly performed: that is, the breaker opened
before the end of the control time-out.
 LC CB x failed (SPS transient type, 1≤x≤20): one piece of information on a per circuit-breaker basis.
Set during 100 ms if the CB is not opened at the end of the control time-out
 Listx Status (1≤x≤4): status of the assignment of CB to a group, transmitted to the SCADA through an
analogue value (ASDU 09 or 10)
 Blocking condition x Status (1≤x≤6): list of CBs for which the blocking condition is set, transmitted to
the SCADA through an analogue value (ASDU 09 or 10)
 CBx open control: control for CB trip
7.7.4 HYPOTHESIS AND CONSTRAINTS

 The Load Curtailment automation can manage as many as 20 circuit-breakers
 All DOU or CCU board used for CB controls must be in the same rack
 All the configurable information used for Load Curtailment is set using SCE
 There is no mean of visualisation/modification of settings from the controller local HMI or from the
CMT
 Functioning in the event of a main 1 rack redundancy is identical to LS except for group activation: as
the ‘Gi activation’ is received from SCADA interface, the LC automation operates only on the Front-
end main rack that received this activation.
 Management of the LC On/Off state: identical to LS

 Management of Settings: identical to LS
7.7.5 CONFIGURABLE DATA

Provided
Default
Value
file
Circuit Breaker
Group assignment 0 [0..4] Yes 0 = no assignment to a group
Breaker number 0 [0..20] Yes 0 = not used in Load Curtailment
Given by the feedback timeout on the
Control time-out 600 ms [0..6000000] Yes
CB control
No = the blocking condition is not used
for the breaker

Provided
Default
Value
file
SPS / DPS datapoint
0 = the SPS / DPS is not used as a
Blocking condition number 0 [0..6] Yes
blocking condition
Indicates if the blocking condition is
Blocking state On On / Off Yes
active with the ON / OFF state
Furthermore, all these datapoints are configured using SCE and must be provided by S9R file

7.8 FAST LOAD SHEDDING (FLS)

The Fast Load Shedding speeds up the Load Shedding process using GOOSE system message exchange;
thus the loads are permanently compared to the available power and shed within 80 ms, according to
priorities, in case of shortage.
FLS requires a dedicated architecture such as
The proxy gateway continuously transfers the required data (measurements, loads, electrical topology) from
the main application to the FLS. This information is cyclically computed to recalculate the decision matrix
defining for each load and trigger if shedding is needed.
Contingency scenarios are computed to predetermine the loads to be shed if one of the triggers materializes
on one or more computed networks.
The algorithm allows also to overdrive a generator to temporarily provide more power, till a process slow
down.
The main C26x supports the ISaGRAF and/or PSL automations.
As many as 48 C26x Feeder controllers support the FLS Function. You can create as many as 300 output
breaker commands.
Simulation allows anticipating impacts. On the OI interface that follows you can select priority and read the
decision matrix:

7.9 RELAY AUTOMATISM FUNCTIONS
Note:
Relay automatism functions are associated with protection functions and are therefore only available for DS Agile C26x
fitted with a TMU210 CT/VT board.
7.9.1 TRIP CURRENT MEASUREMENT INDICATION

After an overcurrent trip, this built-in function records and processes the three phase currents – and
optionally the neutral current – at the time of the trip command decision.
It is available if:
 at least one standard directional/non-directional overcurrent protection function ([67/50/51] or/and

[67N/50N/51N]) is defined in the SCE configuration database,
 the corresponding threshold(s) (Trip I>, Trip I>>, Trip I>>>, Trip Ie>, Trip Ie>> and/or Trip Ie>>>) are
set to ON in the AUTOMAT. CONTROL column in DS Agile S1,
 the acquisition of the three phase trip currents is configured in the SCE database.
These measurements are then processed as standard MVs and can be displayed on the C26x front panel
LCD or/and forwarded to the OI or/and the SCADA via the Ethernet network.

4 MVs are available:
 Trip.current.A
 Trip.current.B
 Trip.current.C
 Trip.current.N (optional)
Inhibition
The function is blocked by:
 the pre-defined “Blocking SPS” associated with the protection function

 the pre-defined “Blocking control” associated with the protection function
 the upload by MiCOM S1 DS Agile of a setting file (for another function)
Local HMI behavior:
The measurements' values are initially set to '0'. When an overcurrent trip occurs, the values reflect the fault
conditions at the time the trip command is issued, in Amps. When a new overcurrent trip occurs, the new
values will be substituted to reflect the new fault conditions.
The values are stored in volatile memory and are reset to '0' if:
 the C26x reboots,

 a new database is downloaded or switched,
 a new firmware is downloaded.
Substation HMI (OI) behavior:
The trip current measurement values corresponding to the latest overcurrent trip are displayed as MVs.
They are updated when the next overcurrent trip occurs.
Note: This function can only be configured using the SCE, it cannot be edited using MiCOM S1.
7.9.2 OVERCURRENT/BREAKER FAILURE PHASE SEGREGATION: FAULTED

CIRCUIT/FAILED CB POLE INDICATION
After an overcurrent trip, this built-in function records which circuits were affected by the fault that caused the
trip command: phases A, B and/or C, and, optionally, neutral for earth faults.
In addition, if a trip command issued by any internal protection function is unsuccessful, the function records
which circuit-breaker pole(s) failed to trip.
Overcurrent/earth fault indication is available if:
 at least one standard directional/non-directional overcurrent protection function ([67/50/51] or/and

[67N/50N/51N]) is defined in the SCE configuration database,
 the corresponding threshold(s) (Trip I>, Trip I>>, Trip I>>>, Trip Ie>, Trip Ie>> and/or Trip Ie>>>) are
set to ON in the AUTOMAT. CONTROL column in DS Agile S1.
Circuit-breaker failure indication is available if the CB Fail threshold is set to ON in the
AUTOMAT. CONTROL column in MiCOM S1.

There are 7 SPS datapoints available, one for each circuit and circuit-breaker pole:
 Phase A overcurrent: Ia phase fault

 Phase B overcurrent: Ib phase fault
 Phase C overcurrent: Ic phase fault
 Neutral for earth fault: In earth fault
 CB phase A pole failed to trip: Ia ph fault 50BF
 CB phase B pole failed to trip: Ib ph fault 50BF
 CB phase C pole failed to trip: Ic ph fault 50BF
If the function is used with overcurrent or earth fault protection, the three phase SPS datapoints must be
configured. The earth fault SPS is optional. The three circuit-breaker failure SPS datapoints are
automatically added and cannot be deleted.
When an overcurrent/earth fault trip occurs or a circuit-breaker pole fails to trip, the corresponding SPS
datapoints are updated, i.e. their states are SET and the corresponding events are time-stamped. The
states of the phase overcurrent and earth fault datapoints are RESET when all the conditions that have
initiated the event have disappeared, i.e. the electrical fault is cleared. The states of the CB failure
datapoints are RESET when all conditions that have initiated the event have disappeared, usually when the
upstream circuit-breaker has tripped.
Local HMI behaviour:
The indications corresponding to the latest event can be listed in the Events panel as standard permanent
SPS datapoints.
The datapoints are initially RESET (=0). When an overcurrent/earth fault trip or a circuit-breaker failure
occurs, the values reflect the faulted circuits or failed poles at the time the trip command is issued.
For instance:
 the datapoints Ia phase fault and Ib phase fault being SET (=1) would mean that the phase A and
phase B currents were above the trip threshold at the time the trip command was issued, indicating a
probable A-B fault,
 the datapoints Ia phase fault and In earth fault (if configured) being SET (=1) would mean that phase
A current and the neutral current were above their respective thresholds at the time the trip command
was issued, indicating a probable A-N fault,
 the datapoint Ia ph fault 50BF being SET (=1) would indicate a failure to trip by the circuit-breaker's
pole A.
Note:
The function does not discriminate between concurrent, related or unrelated, faults. For instance, an A-B fault and a
separate C-N fault would cause the same display as an A-B-C-N fault.
Substation HMI (OI) behaviour:

The indications corresponding to the event can be listed in the Events view as standard permanent SPS
datapoints.
Note:
This function can only be configured using the SCE, it cannot be edited using DS Agile S1.

7.9.3 VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER SUPERVISION (VTS)

Voltage transformer supervision is used to detect failure of the ac voltage inputs to the unit. This may be
caused by internal voltage transformer faults, overloading, or faults on the interconnecting wiring to the
C26x. This usually results in one or more VT fuses blowing. Following a failure of the ac voltage input, there
would be a misrepresentation of the phase voltages on the power system, as measured by the C26x, which
may result in mal-operation.
The VTS function in the C26x is designed to detect voltage failures, and set datapoints that can in turn be
used to issue alarms or adjust the configuration of voltage-dependent protection elements whose stability
would otherwise be compromised. It uses a combination of three detection methods:
 Single- or two-phase fuse failures: Voltage imbalance with no fault currents

 Three-phase fuse failures (optional): No voltages and no superimposed currents
 Miniature circuit-breaker input: Digital input from the voltage transfomer's MCB, indicating that it has
tripped
Single- or two-phase fuse failure
A fuse failure is detected if either or both of the residual and negative-sequence voltages are above the
settable thresholds VN> and V2> while none of the currents (phase currents, zero- and negative-sequence
currents) are above the settable thresholds IA>/IB>/IC>, I0> and I2>.
Three-phase fuse failure (optional)
The 3-phase detection option can be enabled or disabled separately.
Under the loss of all three phase voltages to the C26x, there will be no negative phase sequence quantities
present to operate the VTS function. However, under such circumstances, a collapse of the three phase
voltages will occur. If this is detected without a corresponding change in any of the phase current signals
(which would be indicative of a fault), then a fuse failure condition will be raised. In practice, the C26x detects
the presence of superimposed current signals, which are changes in the current applied to the relay. These
signals are generated by comparison of the present value of the current with that exactly one cycle
previously. Under normal load conditions, the value of superimposed currents should therefore be zero.
Under a fault condition, a superimposed current signal will be generated which will prevent operation of the
VTS function.

Normal load conditions Fault conditions
VTS event (fuse failure) VTS event (fuse failure)
ΔI ΔI
Fuse failure detection Fuse failure detection

C1086ENa
Figure 76: Superimposed current principle
A 3-phase fuse failure is detected when no line voltages are present, i.e. all phase voltages are below the
settable threshold VA</VB</VC<, while none of the three superimposed currents are above a set threshold
ΔIA>/ΔIB>/ΔIC> and no autoreclose cycle is in progress (NO.AR.PROG SPS input). This detection is reset
by the "No voltage & No current" internal input (all phase currents under 0.1 In and all phase voltages under
0.1 Vn, meaning that the circuit-breaker has tripped).
Global logic
If either of these methods computes a fuse failure, the C26x checks that there is no indication that the circuit-
breaker is open, i.e. neither the "No voltage & No current" internal input nor the ALL.POLE.DEAD SPS
datapoint are SET.
An instantaneous fuse failure indication is made available (VT.FUSE.INST SPS datapoint) for information
purposes.
The fuse failure detection signal is also fed through a timer, VT Fuse Delay. If the fuse failure conditions are
still present when this timer elapses, a confirmed fuse failure signal is issued (VT.FUSE.TEMP SPS
datapoint).
Miniature circuit-breaker input
A trip by the voltage transformer's MCB is received via a digital input and linked to the VT.FUSE.FAIL SPS.
The reception of this signal immediately results in the issuance of a confirmed fuse failure signal
(VT.FUSE.TEMP SPS datapoint).

VT Supervision
enabled
Single- or two-phase fuse failure using voltage imbalance

V2>
>1
VN>
I2>
>1 &
I0>
IA>
IB> >1
IC>
Three-phase fuse failure using superimposed currents
3P FF detection >1
enabled
NO.AR.PROG
No A/R cycle in progress VT.FUSE.INST
ΔIA> &
Instantaneous fuse
failure indication
ΔIB> >1
ΔIC> &
S
Q
VA< R VT Fuse Delay
VB< &
VC<
>1
No voltage &
No current
>1
ALL.POLE.DEAD
>1 VT.FUSE.TEMP
&
VT.FUSE.FAIL Confirmed fuse failure
MCB Open Digital Input C1087ENa
Figure 77: Fuse failure detection logic
Notes:
1. The VTS function parameters can be set using DS Agile S1 as well as DS Agile SCE.
2. Because the VTS function uses the three phase voltages and the neutral voltage, either measured or derived,
the VT topology must be at least either a full "star", i.e. the three phase-neutral voltages, or a full "delta" + VN, i.e. the
three phase-phase voltages + the residual voltage.
The compatible SCE settings for the TMU210's type of connection attribute are as follows:
- 3 Vpn (star)
- 3 Vpn + V0 (star)
- 3 Vpn + Vb (star)
- 3 Vpp + V0 (delta)

8 RECORDS
Several kinds of record are stored in the C26x.
8.1 PERMANENT RECORDS STORAGE

All parameters or settings that can be modified via front face LCD are stored in flash disk.
Lists of system information are also stored in the flash disk.
8.1.1 WAVEFORM RECORDING: GENERAL

A waveform recording deals with the storage of measurement and logical information in order to visualise the
electrical network behaviour when electrical events appear, such as the start of the generator. These types
of events are called “trigger of waveform recording”.
In order to see the influence of a trigger, data are recorded before (pre trigger time) and after (post trigger
time) the raise of the trigger.
Two types of waveform recording can be performed in the controller:
 Fast Waveform recording that gives access to samples. This record is useful for transient electrical
events.
 Slow scan triggered recording (SST) referred to as Slow Waveform recording that gives access to
RMS values. This record is useful to define load profile or power regulation.
8.1.2 EVENTS
All data change or events declared in the C26x configuration database “To be logged” are stored in a circular
queue.
The event records are available for viewing either via the front panel LCD, via slave protocol at SCADA level
or on CMT/SMT equipment. They can also be printed.
Events, depending on the C26x configuration, can typically contain the C26x description, the date of the
event and the time of the event with an accuracy of 1 ms, plus specific information regarding the causes of
the events.
The C26x under the following circumstances can record events:
 Quality-valid changes of state of Binary Inputs (SP, DP, Groups)

 Changes of state of Measurements
 Changes of state and value of Tap Position Indications
 Devices Control actions and acknowledgements
 Alarm acknowledgement
The size of the queue is:
 200 data for front panel

 2000 data for CMT
 settable for each slave protocol for SCADA.

8.1.3 FAST WAVEFORM RECORDING

For the TMU2XX Boards, the inputs for the fast waveform records follow:
INPUTS
TMU BOARD CT: as many as VT: as many as DSP DSPIO Digital I&Os Analog I&Os
TMU200 4 4 DSP NO NO YES
TMU210 4 4 NO DSPIO YES YES
TMU220 4 5 DSP NO NO YES
You can capture as many as 128 digital channels. The choice of selected inputs/outputs is defined in
configuration.
The waveform recorder provides as many as 8 analogue measurements and as many as 128 digital
channels for extraction by a remote device.
A maximum of 480 cycles (9.6 seconds at 50 Hz) of measurements samples, with 32 samples per cycle, can
be stored, divided in 1, 2, 4 or 8 files saved in flash disk.
A timer channel is also required to provide accurate timing information for each sample. The delay between
each sample is assumed constant over a single cycle.
Number of Files Number of cycles
8 60
4 120
2 240
1 480
The waveform recorder can be triggered by the following user-settable events:
 Changes in state of binary inputs (SP, DP, or Groups). The triggering is available only from a
state/value with VALID quality (ex: SET/RESET; OPEN/CLOSE) to a state/value with VALID quality
Changes in state of digital outputs (in case of SBO, the execution order is the trigger)
 Measurement threshold violations

 Operator request (controls)
Only one re-triggering is permitted: it means that a new trigger can only be accepted after the end of
recording of the current waveform.
Waveform records are available in COMTRADE 2001 format.
8.1.4 SLOW WAVEFORM RECORDING

The inputs for the slow waveform records are:
 Analogue values coming from CT VT calculation (RMS values)

 Analogue values coming from AIU boards
 Digital inputs
 Digital outputs
The function manages as many as 24 analogue and 48 digital values.

Data from TMU220 can be chosen among:
 RMS values of phase voltages (phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase)

 RMS values of busbar voltage
 RMS values of phase current
 RMS values of residual voltage and current
 Fundamental sequence components
 Active, Reactive, Apparent Powers (components and total)
 Frequency and Harmonics level
Data from TMU210 can be chosen among:
 Star wiring: RMS values of phase-to-neutral voltages or/and instantaneous phase-to-phase voltage
 Delta wiring: RMS values of phase-to-phase voltage
 RMS values of busbar voltage (Vbb or Vr whether V4 or VN is connected on Busbar)
 RMS values of residual voltage and current (Vr, Ir)
 Zero sequence voltage (V0)
 Active, Reactive, Apparent Powers (total) and Power factor (total)
 Frequency of line (or busbar if V4 is connected to the busbar)
 Standard synchrocheck data (FV)
The C26x stores at maximum 5000 integrated values as follows:
Number of Files Number of integrated values
1 5000
2 2500
5 1000
10 500
20 250
50 100
The integrated value has a duration of up to one hour. It is defined in configuration.

For analogue samples, the stored value is the average value of the signal over the integration time.
For digital samples, the stored value depends on the duration of the digital signal: if the signal duration is
longer than the arbitration period, the stored value is 1, if it is shorter, the stored value is 0.

The slow waveform recorder can be triggered by the following events, each of which is settable:
 Changes in state of binary inputs (SP, DP or Groups). The triggering is available only from a
state/value with VALID quality (ex: SET/RESET; OPEN/CLOSE) to a state/value with VALID quality
 Changes in state of digital outputs (in case of SBO, the execution order is the trigger)
 Measurement threshold violations
 Operator request
 Periodically: e.g., every day at 00h00
8.1.5 SLOW WAVEFORM RECORDING – CONDITIONS

The conditions for slow waveform recording include the following:
1 Digital inputs are not recorded if the integration time is longer than 100 ms (i.e. 5 cycles at 50 Hz, 6
cycles at 60 Hz)
2 A digital input is recorded as “1” if it remains at “1” during x% of the integration time (x between 10 and
100%, with a 1% step)
3 The permitted cycle numbers are as follows:
 1 to 180 000 at 50 Hz
 1 to 216 000 at 60 Hz
4 The measurements issued from analogue inputs boards are processed as follows:
 If the integration time is less or equal to 1 second, the recorded value is the current measurement
value
 Otherwise, the recorded value is equal to:
N
TMi
Record  
i 1 N
N: number of seconds in the integration time
TMi: measurement value at the “i” second of the integration time
If the integration time is longer than 1 second, it can only be set as a multiple of 1 second, i.e.:
- At 50 Hz, it should be set to 100 (2s), 150 (3s), … 179950 (3599s) and 180000 (3600s).
- At 60 Hz, it should be set to 120 (2s), 180 (3s), … 215940 (3599s) and 216000 (3600s).
8.1.6 RECORDING – MECHANISM

The PPC sends a command, referred to as a trigger, to the DSP to start a disturbance recorder.
The DSP stores in a buffer 32 samples by period of the 8 analogue channels according to the configuration:
 Pre-trigger time
 total time
 integration time
PPC converts this buffer in wave form adding binary inputs/output defined in configuration.

Trigger
Pre- Post-trigger time

trigger
time
Total time
The maximum length of a disturbance buffer from the DSP is 2 * total time.
One record contains at least one trigger and at most 2 triggers.
If a second trigger appears during the post time of the first trigger, only one buffer is generated by the DSP
and split into two files by the PPC. Therefore the DS Agile C26x generates two files.
2nd trigger
1st trigger
Pre-
trigger
time
First post-trigger time
Second post-trigger time
Pre-
trigger
time
Single disturbance buffer
If a 2nd trigger appears after the post time of the first trigger, a second buffer is generated.
2nd trigger

trigger
time
1st trigger
trigger
time Post-trigger
Pre-
1st disturbance trigger time
buffer time
2nd disturbance
buffer
If a 3rd trigger appears, it is ignored if the previous buffer is not yet downloaded by the PPC.

8.2 NON-PERMANENT DATA STORAGE
8.2.1 ALARMS
8.2.1.1 DEFINITIONS
8.2.1.1.1 Definition of an alarm
An alarm is a visual (and optionally audible) annunciation of the appearance and/or disappearance, within
the controlled electrical process or within the system itself, of an event, defined during the configuration
phase as ”to be alarmed”.
These definitions, of what is to be alarmed and what it is not, are completely user relevant.
However the concept of alarms into DS Agile has been introduced to inform the operators of “abnormal” or
“special” events or other miscellaneous events that you must absolutely not overlook.
8.2.1.1.2 Types of alarmed data
These events can generate an alarm:
 Each Binary Input (SP, DP, MP, SI, IED input, Groups) state related to “the reason for change” of
these events
 Each Measurement state related to “the reason for change” of these events
 Each TPI state or value related to “the reason for change” of these events
 Each metering state related to “the reason for change” of these events
For example, the OPEN state of a circuit-breaker can be un-alarmed if the change is due to a control, and
alarmed if the change is due to an other reason.
An alarm can be related to a control acknowledgement. In this event, the alarm is considered as “spurious”.
8.2.1.1.3 Alarm states definition
An alarm is generated by an event: for example, a particular datapoint in a state defined during the
configuration phase as “to be alarmed”.
While this event is still present: for example, the previous particular datapoint is still in the same state, the
alarm is “active”.
When this event disappears: for example, the previous particular datapoint is now in another not alarmed
state; the previous alarm is “inactive”.
An existing alarm (active or inactive), can be acknowledged by an operator from the FP.
An alarm can have the following states:
 Inactive: no transition, no event

 Active-acknowledged: the cause is still present but the active state has been taken into account by the
operator
 Active-unacknowledged: the cause is still present and the active state has not been taken into account
by the operator
 Inactive-unacknowledged: the cause has disappeared but the inactive state has not been taken into
account by the operator (only available for events alarmed on appearance and disappearance)
 Inactive-acknowledged: the cause has disappeared and the inactive state has been taken into account
by the operator
 Inactive-active-unacknowledged: the cause has disappeared but the active state (previous state) has
not been taken into account by the operator

8.2.1.1.4 Parameters associated to an alarm

The following user-selectable parameters can be associated with each alarm definition. The values are set
during the configuration phase for each alarm:
 Immediate or differed:
 an “immediate” alarm is displayed as soon it has been detected.
 a “differed” alarm is displayed only after a user-selectable time delay following its detection (the
event associated with the alarm must remain present during the delay; if not, the alarm will be not
displayed); this delay is in the range of 1 to 120 seconds and can be set to particular value for each
“differed” alarm.
 Gravity level: this level is defined for each alarm allowing a hierarchical classification to deal with the
urgency of the events; the gravity level value can be: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, 5 being the most grave and 0
meaning that there is no gravity level.
 Alarm generated:
 only when the associated event appears
OR
 when the associated event appears AND when it disappears
In this event the “differed” parameter is taken into account only when event appears; when event
disappears the new state of the alarm is displayed immediately.
 Alarm clearing mode:

 manual: the alarm is cleared only on an operator request; this clearing command is only permitted
on inactive-acknowledged alarms.
 automatic: an alarm is automatically cleared when it reaches the appropriate state.
 gravity basis
 Audible or not when detected.

8.2.1.2 ALARM PROCESSING

Only one alarm (the last one) associated with a state change of a data is displayed. The previous one
(concerning the data) is replaced by the current one.
According to the previous example, only one from the three alarmed states can be displayed for the
switching device: for example, "JAMMED" or "TOGGLING" or "OPEN" state (the last one that has appeared).
By configuration, one of the following behaviours is chosen:
Alarm inactive
/ cleared
0
AL+
AL+
Alarm active-
AL- (auto) unacknowledged AL+
AL+ ACK AL-
Alarm active- Alarm inactive-

acknowledged active-
unacknowledged
2 3
AL- ACK
ACK (auto)
Alarm inactive-
acknowledged
CLEAR AL+
4
C0143ENa
Figure 78: Event alarmed on appearance only

Alarm inactive
/ cleared
0
AL+ AL+
AL+
Alarm active-
unacknowledged
AL+
1
AL+
AL-
ACK Alarm inactive-

active-
unacknowledged
5
ACK
Alarm active- Alarm inactive-

acknowledged unacknowledged
2 AL- 3
ACK
ACK (auto)
Alarm inactive-
CLEAR acknowledged
AL+
4
Figure 79: Event alarmed on appearance and disappearance
Transition events:
 AL+: alarmed event appearance

 AL-: alarmed event disappearance
 ACK: operator acknowledgement of the alarm
 CLEAR: operator clearing of the alarm
Note:
In that event "alarmed event disappears (AL-)" means that the associated data is now in another state that is not
alarmed. The time stamp of the alarm is modified.
Transition conditions:
 (auto) means Automatic clearing

Transition description:
The transition from alarm state "0" to alarm state "1" is crossed when the alarmed event appears (AL+).
The alarm state transitions "1  1" and "2  1" are crossed when the state of the data associated with the
alarm goes from a state that is flagged to be alarmed with any gravity level to another state that is also

flagged to be alarmed with any gravity level (AL+). In this event the active alarm stays active but the time
tagging of the alarm is changed. The new alarm time stamp corresponds to the last associated data state
change. The alarm becomes unacknowledged if not already unacknowledged.
The alarm state transitions "1  2", "3  4" and “5  3” are crossed on operator acknowledge action. The
time stamp of the alarm is unchanged.
The alarm state transitions "1  3" and “1  5” are crossed when the alarmed event disappears (AL-). The
time stamp of the alarm is modified.
The alarm state transition "2  4" is crossed when the event disappears (AL-) the alarm being configured to
be activated only "on appearance of the event". The time stamp of the alarm is modified.
be activated "on appearance and disappearance of the event". The time stamp of the alarm is modified and
the alarm will have to be acknowledged again.
The alarm state transitions "3  1", "4  1" and “5  1” are crossed when the previous alarmed event
appears again or when another state that is also flagged to be alarmed with any gravity level appears (AL+).
The alarm becomes active-unacknowledged. The time stamp of the alarm is modified.
be activated only "on appearance of the event" and "to be cleared automatically". The alarm is removed from
the alarm list.
The alarm state transition "3  0" is crossed on operator acknowledgement only if the alarm associated with
the event is configured as "to be cleared automatically". The alarm is removed from the alarm list.
The alarm state transition "4  0" is crossed on operator clearing action. The alarm is removed from the
alarm list.
8.2.1.2.1 Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement of an alarm can be done by two ways:
 On operator request: an operator can acknowledge an existing alarm from the front panel to signify
that it has been taken into account.
 Globally: at substation level it is possible to use an SPS (named Global alarm ack) especially
dedicated to a global acknowledgement of alarms: When this SPS is set to the SET state all alarms
present in the controller are acknowledged. As long as this SPS remains in the SET state, any new
alarm is inserted in the alarm list with the ACKLOWLEDGED status.
In addition to the Global Alarm Acknowledgement SPS, a Local Alarm Acknowledgement SPS can be
defined on a per C26x basis: that is, one for each C26x.
This SPS can be wired or managed by an automation. When this SPS is configured in a C26x, the
“Global Alarm Acknowledgement” SPS is no more taken into account by this C26x.
When this SPS is SET, all C26x alarms are immediately acknowledged.
This SPS cannot be transmitted on the Station Bus network: that is, it remains local to the C26x, so it
cannot be associated to a remote – OI or SCADA - control.
8.2.1.2.2 Clearing
Whatever the clearing mode is, the clearing of an alarm is immediately taken into account: removal from the
alarm list.

Automatic clearing
An alarm can be configured as “to be cleared automatically”. It means that when this alarm reaches the
appropriate state, it is cleared automatically without any operator action. The events of “automatic clearing”
are:
 the alarm is in the active-acknowledged state and the alarm disappears (for event alarmed on
appearance only)
 the alarm is in the inactive-active-unacknowledged state and the operator acknowledges it (for
event alarmed on appearance only)
 the alarm is in the inactive-unacknowledged state and the operator acknowledges it (for event alarmed
on appearance and disappearance)
This feature can be configured on a per alarm basis.
Operator request clearing
An alarm that is not configured as “to be cleared automatically” has to be cleared by an explicit operator
action (this action being only possible when it is in the “inactive-acknowledged” state). Otherwise it remains
present in the alarm list.
As for an acknowledgement by an operator, clearing of alarms by an operator can be configured so as to be
printed or not printed.
A global clearing procedure, that allows you to clear all “inactive-acknowledged” alarms in a single operation,
will be provided.
Audible alarms
An audible alarm can be associated with the “unacknowledged” state of an alarm. This facility is configurable
on a per alarm basis.
If an alarm is configured “audible” then the sound appears when the alarm is displayed.
The audible alarm is stopped when all audible alarms are acknowledged.
An audible alarm can be associated with the “unacknowledged” state of an alarm. This facility is configurable
on a per alarm basis.
If an alarm is configured as “audible” then the sound appears when the alarm is displayed.
The audible alarm is stopped when all audible alarms are acknowledged.

HARDWARE
C26X/EN HW/C57A
DS Agile C26x Hardware
Contents
1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 3
1.1 Components 3
1.2 Rack styles 6
1.2.1 Compact 40TE case 6
1.2.2 Standard 80TE case 11
1.3 Coding of board address 15
1.4 Modules description 17
1.4.1 Single-source auxiliary power supply and legacy ports board – BIU241 17
1.4.2 Universal, Single or dual-source auxiliary power supply and legacy ports module – BIU261 20
1.4.3 Central Processing Unit and base communications board – CPU270 23
1.4.4 DSP board 24
1.4.5 DSPIO board 24
1.4.6 Circuit breaker Control Unit - CCU200 25
1.4.7 Circuit breaker Control Unit - CCU211 26
1.4.8 Digital Inputs Unit – DIU200 28
1.4.11 Digital Outputs Unit – DOU200 32
1.4.12 Digital Outputs Unit – DOU201 33
1.4.13 Analogue Input Unit – AIU201 34
1.4.14 Analogue Input Unit – AIU211 35
1.4.15 Transducerless Measurements Unit – TMU200/220 36
1.4.16 Transducerless Measurements Unit – TMU210 37
1.4.17 Analogue Output Unit – AOU200 38
1.4.20 Ethernet Switch Unit – SWU200/SWU202/SWU204 39
1.4.21 Ethernet Switch – SWx202/SWx212, SWx204/SWx214 (x=R for dual Ring, x=D for Dual
homing) 42
1.4.22 PRP Ethernet Switch SRP282/284 47
1.4.23 Extended communication Unit – ECU200 50
1.4.24 Extended communication Unit – ECU201 50
C26x/EN HW/C57a HW-1

Hardware DS Agile C26x
HW-2 C26x/EN HW/C57a

1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
1.1 COMPONENTS
The DS Agile C26x is based on a modular and scalable architecture to support dedicated hardware modules
adapted to the plant data interfaces.
Each DS Agile C26x rack can be equipped with the following modules:
• BIU241/BIU100: Basic Interface Unit: this board includes the auxiliary power supply converter, the
watchdog relay, 2 digital outputs/2 digital inputs for C26x redundancy and 2 isolated RS485/RS232
interfaces
• BIU261: Basic Interface Unit with universal input power supply: this board can hold a daughter board
carrying a redundant power supply input, thus offering a dual-input power supply module. It also
includes a watchdog relay, 2 digital outputs/2 digital inputs for C26x redundancy and 2 isolated
RS485/RS232 interfaces.
• CPU270 (also named CPU3): Central Processing Unit and communications board based on a
PowerPC-type microprocessor (PowerQUICC II)
• FBP28x: Front BackPlane: bus for 80TE case

• FBP24x: Front BackPlane: bus for 40TE case
• CCU200: Circuit breaker Control Unit each with 8 digital inputs and 4 digital outputs
• CCU211: Circuit breaker Control Unit each with 8 digital inputs and 4 digital outputs (versions are
jumper-selected)
• DIU200: Digital Inputs Unit each with 16 digital inputs

• DIU210: Digital Inputs Unit each with 16 digital inputs for voltages from 24 to 220VDC
• DIU211: Digital Inputs Unit each with 16 digital inputs for voltages from 24 to 220VDC (versions are
jumper-selected)
• DOU200: Digital Outputs Unit each with 10 digital outputs

• DOU201: Digital Outputs Unit each with 10 digital outputs
• AIU201: Analogue Input Unit each with 4 analogue inputs direct current or voltage
• AIU210: Analogue Input Unit each with 4 x 2 analogue inputs direct current
• AIU211: Analogue Input Unit each with 8 analogue inputs direct current
• TMU200/TMU220: Transducerless Measurements Unit board for direct CT/VT measurement used
together with DSP260: Digital Signal Processing board
• TMU210: Transducerless Measurements Unit board for direct CT/VT measurement used together with
DSPIO: Digital Signal Processing board for protection functions
• AOU200: Analogue Output Unit each with 4 current analogue outputs

• SWU20x: Ethernet SWitch Unit board, with 4 electrical links and x= 0 or x=2 optical links
• SWR2xx: Ethernet SWitch board for Redundant Ethernet ring, with 4 electrical links and 2 optical links
for the Dual ring
• SWD2xx: Ethernet SWitch board for Dual Homing Ethernet star, with 4 electrical links and 2 optical
links for a Dual star

• SRP28x: Ethernet SWitch board for Parallel Redundancy Protocol, with 3 electrical links and 2 optical
links
• ECU200: Extended Communication Unit board to convert non isolated RS232 into optical signal
• ECU201: Extended Communication Unit board to convert non isolated RS232 into isolated RS485
signal
• GHU201 (for 80TE case) or GHU200 (for 40TE case): Graphical Human machine interface Unit: Front
Panel including 17 LEDs (13 are user-configurable) + 7 pushbuttons (L/R, Open, Close, etc) + LCD
(resolution of 128 x 128 pixels /16 lines of 21 characters each) and a keypad at the front plate for local
HMI management
• GHU211 (for 80TE case) or GHU210 (for 40TE case): Front Panel including 17 LEDs (12 are user-
configurable) + 1 pushbutton (L/R)
• GHU221 (for 80TE case) or GHU220 (for 40TE case): Front Panel used to connect a detachable HMI
(GHU20x or GHU21x)

Watchdog
FBP280 BIU2xx
or FBP242 (1) Redundancy
RS232 or RS485 or RS422
COM 1 / COM 2
RS232 or RS485
Power Supply
Electrical RJ45 link
Ethernet Optical link (CPU260) or Electrical link (CPU270)

CPU270
COM 1 / COM 2 RS232
(1) ECU20x RS485
RS422
DSP 260 IRIG-B RS232 ECU20x Optical
OR
GHU200 or GHU201
OR
GHU210 or GHU211
OR
GHU220 or GHU221 GHU20x or GHU21x
SWU200/202/204 Optical 1 / Optical 2

(up to 1)
Electrical 1 to 4
Mandatory
SWR212/214 Optical 1 / Optical 2
Optional
SWD212/214
SRP2xx
Electrical 1 to 4 (or 3)
(up to 1)
AIU201 or AIU210 or AIU211

(up to 6)
N digital inputs
( N= 4 for AIU201, N=8 for AIU210, AIU211)
DOU200 or DOU201
(up to 15)
10 digital outputs
CCU200
8 digital inputs
(up to 15)
4 digital outputs
DIU200 or DIU210 or DIU211

(up to 15)
16 digital inputs
TMU200 or TMU220
4 current inputs
(up to 1)
N voltage inputs
( N = 4 for TMU200, N = 5 for TMU220)
C0117ENl
Figure 1: Standard hardware overview

1.2 RACK STYLES

The height of the mechanical rack is 4U.
Two case widths are available:
• Compact case, 40TE-wide

• Standard case, 80TE-wide
1.2.1 COMPACT 40TE CASE
1.2.1.1 OVERVIEW
Dimensions of this rack are in the figure below:
Figure 2: Compact 40TE case – Rack size
Case properties:
• Degree of protection:
Case IP50 as standard
Front panel: IP52 for front panels with LEDs/LCD, IP10 for blind front panel (GHU220)
Rear panel: IP20 without TMU2xx board, IP10 with TMU2xx board
• Metallic case
• Mounting holes position for compact 40TE case:

Figure 3: Mounting holes position for compact 40TE case

1.2.1.2 FRONT PANELS

1.2.1.2.1 GHU200
The GHU200 is the front panel with LCD and LEDs used for the 40TE case:
• 17 LEDs (13 are user-configurable)

• 7 pushbuttons (L/R, Open, Close, etc)
• a keypad at the front plate for local HMI management with 5 pushbuttons
• an LCD (resolution of 128 x 128 pixels /16 lines of 21 characters each)
Figure 4: Compact 40TE case – GHU200 Board
1.2.1.2.2 GHU210
The GHU210 is the front panel with LEDs used for the 40TE case:

• 1 pushbutton (L/R)

1.2.1.2.3 GHU220
The GHU220 is the front panel used for the compact 40TE case. This includes only an RJ11 coupler in order
to connect a remote GHU20x or GHU21x.
1.2.1.3 SOCKETS
The FBP243 board is the front backplane of the compact 40TE case equipped with CPU270:
Figure 7: Compact 40TE case – FBP243 Board
Rear panel featuring the CT/VT board:
Figure 8: Compact 40TE case – Rear panel with CT/VT connector (on TMU2xx)

Rear panel without CT/VTboard:
Figure 9: Compact 40TE case – Rear panel without CT/VT connector
1.2.1.4 BONDING
Each board is grounded through a bracket (spotted on fig.) to be screwed through a fixed lug:

1.2.2 STANDARD 80TE CASE
1.2.2.1 OVERVIEW
Dimensions of this rack are in the figure below:
Figure 10: Front panel overview

Case properties:
• Degree of protection:
Case IP20 as standard
Front panel: IP52 for front panels with LEDs/LCD, IP10 for blind front panel (GHU221)
Rear panel: IP20 without TMU2xx board, IP10 with TMU2xx board
• Metallic case
• Mounting holes position for the standard 80TE case:
Figure 11: Standard 80TE case - Mounting holes position

1.2.2.2 FRONT PANELS

1.2.2.2.1 GHU201
The GHU201 is the front panel with LCD and LEDs used for the standard 80TE case:

• 7 pushbuttons (L/R, Open, Close, etc)
• a keypad at the front plate for local HMI management with 5 pushbuttons
• an LCD (resolution of 128 x 128 pixels /16 lines of 21 characters each)
Figure 12: GHU201 Board
1.2.2.2.2 GHU211
The GHU211 is the front panel with LEDs used for the standard 80TE case:

• 1 pushbutton (L/R)

1.2.2.2.3 GHU221
The GHU221 is the front panel used for the standard 80TE case. This includes only an RJ11 coupler in order
to connect a remote GHU20x or GHU21x.
1.2.2.3 SOCKETS
The FBP283 board is the front backplane of the standard 80TE case equipped with the CPU270.
Figure 15: FBP283 Board
Rear panel of a C26x featuring the CT/VT board:
Figure 16: REAR PANEL with A CT/VT connector

Rear panel without CT/VT board:
Figure 17: REAR PANEL without CT/VT connector
1.3 CODING OF BOARD ADDRESS

The same rule is applicable to all I/O boards (DIU200, DIU210, DIU211, AIU201, AIU211, DOU200,
DOU201, CCU200 and CCU211) controlled by the CPU board:
Binary coding from 0 to 15 based on 4 jumpers top down:
• Jumper
missing => 1
present => 0

Example:
1 0
0 2
0 0
0 8
address =1 address = 10
C0030ENa
Note: Two boards of the same type must not have the same address.

1.4 MODULES DESCRIPTION
1.4.1 SINGLE-SOURCE AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY AND LEGACY PORTS BOARD –

BIU241
This board houses:
• the auxiliary power supply converter

• the watchdog relay (closed if the product is healthy)
• 2 outputs (Normally Open contacts) and 2 inputs for redundancy (BCU only)
• 2 isolated interfaces (Port 1: RS232 or RS485, Port 2: RS232, RS422 or RS485)
The power auxiliary supply board is protected against polarity reversal.
Figure 18: BIU241 board
Note: The number of capacitors (bottom left) depends on the board variant (voltage range).
The BIU241 board provides two isolated serial links.

This figure below shows the location of the serial links' configuration jumpers:
S13
S14
S16
S15
S10
S6
S7
S8
S9
S4
S5
S17
S11
S12
2 1 3
S3 S2 S1
C1105XXa
Figure 19: BIU241 – Location of serial port jumpers
1.4.1.1 CONFIGURABLE COMMUNICATIONS PORT 1 - RS232/485

The communication link characteristics are:
• Full duplex serial protocol

• Transmission rate: 50 bps to 56 kbps (configurable in DS Agile SCE or settable on the front panel
HMI)
Configuration:
The hardware jumper arrangement is as follows:
• For RS232, set the jumpers S14, S16 and between S12.1 and S12.3
• For RS485, set the jumpers S13, S15 and between S12.1 and S12.2. It is possible to terminate the
line with a 124 Ω resistor by setting S17. (See CO chapter to know when the resistor is required).
S13
S14
S13
S14
S13
S14
S16
S15
S16
S15
S16
S15
S17 S17 S17
S12 S12 S12

2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3
Port 1 – RS232 Port 1 – RS485 Port 1 – RS485

Unterminated Terminated
C1106ENa
Figure 20: BIU241 – Port 1 jumper settings
1.4.1.2 CONFIGURABLE COMMUNICATIONS PORT 2 - RS232/422/485

• full duplex serial protocol

• transmission rate: 50 bps to 56 kbps (configurable in DS Agile SCE or settable on the front panel HMI)

Configuration:
The hardware jumper arrangement is as follows:
• For RS232, set the jumpers S5, S6, S9 and S3

• For RS485, set the jumpers S7, S8, S2. It is possible to terminate the line with a 124 Ω resistor by
setting S11. (See chapter C26x/EN CO to know when the resistor is required).
• For RS422, set the jumpers S7, S8, S4 and S1. It is possible to terminate the line with a 124 Ω resistor
by setting the jumpers S10 and S11. (See CO chapter to know when the resistor is required).
S10
S10
S10
S10
S10
S6
S7
S8
S9
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S4
S5
S11 S11 S11 S11 S11
S3 S2 S1 S3 S2 S1 S3 S2 S1 S3 S2 S1 S3 S2 S1
Port 2 – RS232 Port 2 – RS485 Port 2 – RS485 Port 2 – RS422 Port 2 – RS422
Unterminated Terminated Unterminated Terminated
C1107ENa

1.4.2 UNIVERSAL, SINGLE OR DUAL-SOURCE AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY AND

LEGACY PORTS MODULE – BIU261
Depending on whether a back-up power supply is present, the BIU261 module comprises one or two boards:
a mother board and optionally a daughter board offering the back-up power supply input.
The mother board houses:
• the main universal auxiliary power supply converter

• the watchdog relay (closed if the product is healthy)
• 2 outputs (Normally Open contacts) and 2 inputs for redundancy (BCU only)
• 2 isolated interfaces (Port 1: RS232 or RS485, Port 2: RS232, RS422 or RS485)
The power supply board is protected against polarity reversal.
The daughter board carries the backup auxiliary power supply converter and a 24 VDC field voltage output.
Figure 22: BIU261 module with dual-input power supply and field voltage output
The BIU261 mother board provides two isolated serial links.

This figure below locates the serial links' configuration jumpers.
Note: These jumpers are not accessible if the daughter board is fitted.

SK6 – Serial port 1
SK5 – Serial port 2
C1108ENa
Figure 23: BIU261 without daughter board – Serial port jumpers visible
1.4.2.1 CONFIGURABLE COMMUNICATIONS PORT 1 - RS232/485

• Full duplex serial protocol

• Transmission rate: 50 bps to 56 kbps (configurable in DS Agile SCE or settable on the front panel
HMI)
Configuration:
The hardware jumper arrangement is as follows (jumper block SK6):
• For RS232, set the jumpers 1-2, 5-6 and 9-10

• For RS485, set the jumpers 3-4, 7-8 and 11-12. It is possible to end the line with a 124 Ω resistor by
setting 13-14. (See CO chapter to know when the resistor is required).

1 2 1 2 1 2
13 14 13 14 13 14
SK6 SK6 SK6
Port 1 – RS232 Port 1 – RS485 Port 1 – RS485
Unterminated Terminated
C1109ENa
1.4.2.2 CONFIGURABLE COMMUNICATIONS PORT 2 - RS232/422/485

• full duplex serial protocol

• transmission rate: 50 bps to 56 kbps (configurable in DS Agile SCE or settable on the front panel HMI)
Configuration:
The hardware jumper arrangement is as follows (jumper block SK5):
• For RS232, set the jumpers 1-2, 5-6 and 9-10

• For RS485, set the jumpers 3-4, 7-8 and 11-12. It is possible to terminate the line with a 124 Ω resistor
by setting 13-14. (See chapter C26x/EN CO to know when the resistor is required).
• For RS422, set the jumpers 3-4, 7-8, 11-12, 15-16, 17-18 and 19-20. It is possible to terminate the line
with a 124 Ω resistor by setting 13-14. (See CO chapter to know when the resistor is required).
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
21 22 21 22 21 22 21 22 21 22
SK5 SK5 SK5 SK5 SK5
Port 2 – RS232 Port 2 – RS485 Port 2 – RS485 Port 2 – RS422 Port 2 – RS422
Unterminated Terminated Unterminated Terminated
C1110ENa

1.4.3 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT AND BASE COMMUNICATIONS BOARD – CPU270

The CPU270 board is based on a PowerPC processor including 10/100BaseT Ethernet communications.
• Two 10/100BaseTx Ethernet ports. The ports are half/full duplex and auto-sense the transmission
speed. They auto-negotiate with the connected device to determine the optimal transmission speed:
10Mbps or 100Mbps depending on the connected device’s capability.
• Two non isolated RS232 links. The transmission rate must be the same on both links (values from 50
to 56000 bps configurable with the configuration tool or settable via GHU20x)
• An IRIG-B input
• An optional daughter board (DSPIO) for CT/VT management
This board is interfaced with all I/O boards and the front panel.
The CPU270 has the following key features:
• 64-bit Power PC-based microprocessor (MPC8270VR) clocked at 266 MHz (theoretical frequency);
the real frequency is 262 MHz (shown at serial link)
• 256 Mbytes SDRAM

• 64 Mbytes Flash memory
• 128 Kbytes static memory SRAM
• Calendar saved
Figure 26: CPU270 board

Counter values are stored in static memory (secured with a capacitor, > 48h autonomy). The counters are
kept for more than 48h when the C26x power supply is off.
1.4.4 DSP BOARD

The DSP board is mounted on the CPU270 board. It is used in conjunction with the TMU220 board or the
SVU28x board.
Figure 27: DSP daughter board mounted on CPU270
1.4.5 DSPIO BOARD

The DSPIO board is mounted on the CPU270 board. It is used in conjunction with the TMU210 board.
Figure 28: DSPIO daughter board mounted on CPU270

1.4.6 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL UNIT - CCU200

The Circuit breaker Control Unit (CCU200) board provides 8 digital inputs and 4 double pole outputs using
integrated relays.
The digital input (DI) capabilities of the CCU200 boards are:
• 8 optically isolated digital inputs

• 1 common contact for 2 inputs
• Protection against polarity reversal
The digital inputs can be configured in single or double remote signalling inputs on the same module.
The digital output (DO) capabilities of the CCU200 boards are:
• 4 double pole switching relays with normally open (NO) contacts

• 1 common + and 1 common - contacts per 2 relays
A self-monitoring device for the output control chain is provided (address check, state monitoring)
The +5V voltage is monitored to avoid issuing unwanted signals.
The digital outputs can be configured in double remote signalling only.
Figure 29: CCU200 board

1.4.7 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL UNIT - CCU211

The CCU211 board provides 8 digital inputs and 4 digital outputs using integrated relays.
The Digital Input capabilities of the CCU211 board are:

• 1 common contact for 2 inputs (positive or negative)
• The digital inputs can be used for single or double remote signalling, pulse or digital measurement
input on the same module.
• The input responds to negative input voltages and they are not self-controlled
• All voltages between 24 V DC and 220 VDC selected using jumpers
• Pre-defined triggering thresholds selected using jumpers:
Board address
jumpers ----->
J1
Threshold
jumpers --->
J2
Figure 30: CCU211 board
J1 connector:
Set the “jumper” on J1 for A07 and A08 VARIANTS ONLY
J2 connector:
J2-4
J2-3
J2-2
J2-1

Set only one jumper on J2 connector:

Board variant Jumper on J1 Jumper on J2
A01 No J2-1
A02 No J2-2
A03 No J2-3
A04 No J2-4
A07 Yes J2-1
A08 Yes J2-4
• From 24 VDC to 220 VDC: a peak current (>27 mA) circulates during a short time (approximately 2 ms)
to clean external relays' contacts:
40 mA
30 mA
20 mA
10 mA
1 ms 2 ms 3 ms 4 ms 5 ms 6 ms 7 ms
C1050ENa
FIGURE 31: Peak current response curve
The Digital Output capabilities of the CCU211 board are:
• 4 double pole switching relays with normally open (NO) contacts

• 1 common + and 1 common - contacts per 2 relays
• Nominal operating voltage range of 24 VDC to 250 VDC / 230 VAC
A self-monitoring device for the output control chain is provided (address check, state monitoring).
The +5 V voltage is monitored to avoid issuing unwanted signals.
The digital outputs can be configured in double remote signalling only.
Board address setting:
The address of the board can be defined by the location of the CCU211 in the C26x rack (or by jumper if the
board is used as spare of a previous board). This location is defined using the SCE (refer to C26x/EN AP).

1.4.8 DIGITAL INPUTS UNIT – DIU200

Depending on the applied voltage, 4 versions of the DIU200 are available.
The capabilities of the DIU200 boards are:

• 1 negative common contact for 2 inputs
• The digital inputs can be used for single or double status, pulse or digital measurement input on the
same module.
Triggering thresholds/ratings
Board Triggering threshold Trigger Max.

Field voltage Current at rated voltage
variant Pick-up Drop-off current power
A01 24 VDC 10.1 VDC 5 VDC >0.17 mA 3 mA 0.12 W
A02 48-60 VDC 17.9 VDC 13.5 VDC >0.17 mA 5.22 mA (48 VDC)/ 7 mA (60 VDC) 0.66 W
A03 110-125 VDC 52.3 VDC 34.4 VDC >0.33 mA 2.6 mA (110 VDC)/ 3.5 mA (125 VDC) 0.62 W
A04 220 VDC 108 VDC 63 VDC >0.46 mA 2 mA 0.66 W
Figure 32: DIU200 board


Depending on the applied voltage, 4 versions of the DIU210 are available.

• 1 negative or positive common contact for 2 inputs
same module.
• All voltages between 24 VDC and 220 VDC

• From 48 VDC to 220 VDC: High current circulation inside binary contacts inputs during a short time (to
clean external contacts): see the current peak response curve
• With 24 VDC voltage, the high current consumption (>25 mA) is permanent
Figure 33: DIU210 board



• 1 common contact for 2 inputs (positive or negative)
same unit.
• All voltages between 24 VDC and 220 VDC

• Pre-defined triggering thresholds selected using jumpers:
Variants
Variant Input voltage
A01 24 VDC
A02 48 VDC – 60 VDC
A03 110 VDC – 125 VDC
A04 220 VDC
A07 110 VDC – 125 VDC with 80% threshold
A08 220 VDC with 80% threshold
The board variants are determined by the position of 2 jumpers:
J1
Voltage variant J2
jumpers --------->
figure 34: Voltage variant jumpers on the DIU211 board

J1 connector:
Set the “jumper” on J1 for A07 and A08 VARIANTS ONLY
J2 connector:
J2-4
J2-3
J2-2
J2-1
Set only one jumper on J2 connector:

Board variant Jumper on J1 Jumper on J2
A01 No J2-1
A02 No J2-2
A03 No J2-3
A04 No J2-4
A07 Yes J2-1
A08 Yes J2-4
40 mA
30 mA
20 mA
10 mA
C1050ENa
FIGURE 35: Peak current response curve
Settings: When used with a CPU270 board, the address of the board can be defined by the location of the
DIU211 in the C26x rack (or by jumper if the board is used as spare of a previous board). This location is
defined using the SCE (refer to C26x/EN AP).

1.4.11 DIGITAL OUTPUTS UNIT – DOU200

The Digital Outputs Unit (DOU200) board provides 10 outputs using integrated relays.
The DOU200 board capabilities are:
• 8 single pole relays with one normally open (NO) contact

• 2 double pole relays with 1 common for 2 output contacts (NO/NC changeover)
A self-monitoring device for the output control chain is provided (address check, state monitoring)
The +5V voltage is monitored to avoid issuing unwanted signals.
The digital outputs can be configured in single or double remote control or set point outputs on the same
module.
Figure 36: DOU200 board

1.4.12 DIGITAL OUTPUTS UNIT – DOU201

The Digital Outputs Unit (DOU201) board provides 10 isolated digital outputs using integrated relays.
The DOU201 board capabilities are:

• Nominal operating voltage range of 24 VDC to 250 VDC / 230 VAC
DOU201 has 8 single pole contacts which are normally open and 2 double pole contacts in which one pole
contact is normally open and one pole contact is normally close.
The address of the board can be defined by the location of the DOU201 in the C26x rack (or by jumper if the
board is used as spare of a previous board). This location is defined using the SCE (refer to C26x/EN AP).
Figure 37: DOU201 board

1.4.13 ANALOGUE INPUT UNIT – AIU201

The Analogue input module (AIU201) has 4 independent Analogue Inputs. Each AI can be software-
configured in a voltage or current range.
Figure 38: AIU201 board

1.4.14 ANALOGUE INPUT UNIT – AIU211

The Analogue input module (AIU211) has 8 isolated Analogue Inputs.
Analogue inputs (AI) are current DC signals delivered by transducers. Each AI can be software-configured in
a current input range (among four ranges).
Figure 39: AIU211 board

1.4.15 TRANSDUCERLESS MEASUREMENTS UNIT – TMU200/220

The transducerless measurement capabilities are the following:
• 4 measurement Current Transformers (4 CT) inputs

Transformers have two ranges 1 A and 5 A
• for the TMU200 4 measurement Voltage Transformers (4 VT) inputs. For the TMU220 5 measurement
Voltage Transformers (5 VT) inputs
AC voltage (Vn): 57.73 VRMS to 500 VRMS
• Frequency operating range: 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
Figure 40: TMU200 board
The measured values are processed by an associated board:

Measurement unit Processor Processor board
TMU200 TMS320C6711 DSP260
TMU220 TMS320C6713 DSP220

1.4.16 TRANSDUCERLESS MEASUREMENTS UNIT – TMU210

The transducerless measurement capabilities are the following:
• 4 measurement Current Transformers (4 CT) inputs

Each transformer has two ranges 1 A and 5 A, selectable using a jumper
• 4 measurement Voltage Transformers (4 VT) inputs.

Each transformer has two AC voltage ranges (Vn): 57.73 VRMS to 130 VRMS or 220VRMS to 480 VRMS
• Frequency operating range: 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
Figure 41: TMU210 board

1.4.17 ANALOGUE OUTPUT UNIT – AOU200

The AOU200 board provides 4 current analogue outputs. Each output is associated to a Read Inhibit relay.
The outputs are powered using an external power supply. The external power supply has to provide a
regulated voltage of +48V (+/- 5%).
Figure 42: AOU200 board

1.4.18 ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT – SWU200/SWU202/SWU204

The SWU200 board is an Ethernet switch with 4 electrical links.
The SWU202 (resp. 204) board is an Ethernet switch with 4 electrical links 10/100BaseTX and 2 optical
multi-mode (resp. single mode) links 100BaseFX.
Figure 43: SWU200 board
Jumpers are used to adapt the switch to your network:
Open Closed
Factory
N° Open Closed
setting
W1 No watching port 5 Fault watching Port 5 (Fx) Open
W3 Enable more aggressive back-off Enable less aggressive back-off Open
Enable enforce the max frame length for VLAN is
W4 Max length is 1536 byte Open
1522
W5 Enable half duplex back pressure Disable half duplex back pressure Open
Continue sending frame regard-less of number
W6 Enable to drop frame after 16 collisions Open
of collisions
W7 Enable flow control Disable flow control Closed
W8 No priority reserve Enable 6KB priority buffer reserved Closed
W9 Half duplex for port 5 (Fx) Full duplex for port 5 (Fx) Closed
W10 Unlimited broadcast frames Enable 5% broadcast frame allowed Open
W11 Half duplex for port 6 (Fx) Full duplex for port 6 (Fx) Closed
W12 Enable 802.1p selected by EEPROM Enable 802.1p field for all port Closed

Factory
N° Open Closed
setting
Enable equal amount of buffers per port (113
W13 Share buffers up to 512 buffers on a single port Open
buffers)
Port 6
W12
Port 5 (optional)
LED1
LED2
LED3 Port 4
LED4
LED5
Port 3
LED6
W13
W4 Port 2
W3
W5
W6 W8
W7 W9
W10 W1 Port 1
W11
C0118ENa
SWU202 optical links: these 2 optical links are monitored; if one link comes down the default is announced
by the contacts (250V/5A):
Components side Pin State
1 Open
2 Common
1 2 3 3 Close
Close if default
C0119ENa
The Ethernet star is based on optical connection. Depending on the link length the user may choose
between Multi-mode optic Fibre (up to 2 km) and Single mode optic Fibre for long distance (up to 20 km).
Variant Reference Description Connectors
SWU200 2070745 A01 Fast Ethernet industrial switch 4 x RJ45
SWU202 2070745 A03 Fast Ethernet industrial switch Multimode 1300 nm 4 x RJ45, 2 x ST
SWU204 2070745 A05 Fast Ethernet industrial switch Single mode 1310 nm 4 x RJ45, 2 x SC

10/100BaseTx Port
Connector type Shielded RJ45 jack
Twisted pair cable Cat 5
Max cable length with Cat 5 100m
100BaseFx Multi Mode Port

Fibre port connector ST
Optimal fibre cable 62,5/125 µm or 50/125 µm
Center wavelength 1300 nm
TX output power -19 dBm
RX input sensitivity -31 dBm
Maximum distance 2000 m
Half or full Duplex Switch selectable
100BaseFx Single Mode Port

Fibre port connector SC
Optimal fibre cable 9/125 µ or 10/125 µm
Center wavelength 1310 nm
TX output power -15 dBm
RX input sensitivity -34 dBm
Maximum distance 20 000 m
Half or full Duplex Switch selectable

1.4.19 ETHERNET SWITCH – SWX202/SWX212, SWX204/SWX214 (X=R FOR DUAL

RING, X=D FOR DUAL HOMING)
These boards include 4 electrical links 10/100BaseTX and 2 optical links 100BaseFX for a dual ring/homing.
The 10/100BaseTXports are half/full duplex and auto-sense the transmission speed. They auto-negotiate
with the connected device to determine the optimal transmission speed: 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps depending on
the connected device’s capability.
The SWx212 and SWx214 switches are SNMP-managed.
The SWx202/SWx212 variants have a multi-mode optical interface.
The SWx204/SWx214 variants have a single mode optical interface.
Figure 44: SWR202/SWD202 board

Figure 45: SWR204/SWD204 board – With SC Connector

To set the board's address, see chapter C26x/EN NM.
Switch management:
It is possible to manage the switch with the serial MDIO bus (J6).
Sub D 25 male
J2
8
1 9
MDC 2
3 11
4 18
19
20
21
22
C0122ENa
Figure 48: MDIO bus
Ethernet cable type

Use data quality twisted pair shielded cable rated category 5 with standard RJ45 connectors.
The maximum cable length 1.for 10/100BaseTX is 100 meters, straight-through cable.

Ethernet Fibre Optic

The FO cables are connected to the corresponding FO elements.
Fibre optic connectors
Board hardware Fibre type Connectors
SWx202 multi-mode 2 x ST
SWx204 (Ref 2071021 A02 – up to Index B) single mode 2 x ST
SWx204 (Ref 2071021 A02 – as of Index C and higher) single mode 2 x SC
SWx212 multi-mode 2 x ST
SWx214 single mode 2 x SC
Fibre Optic budget calculations

Optical power is expressed in Watts. However, the common unit of power measurement is the dBm, defined
by the following equation: Power (dBm) = 10 log Power (mW) / 1 mW.
The fibre optic budget is the difference between the power emitted into the fibre and the sensitivity (minimum
amount of power required) of the receiver connected through the fibre optic cable.
Link Power Budget = Transmitter Power (dBm) - Receiver Sensitivity (dBm). The distance over which the
signals can be transmitted and successfully received is affected by the optical loss as shown in the figure
below.
Figure 49: Fibre budget
Fibre type
Multi mode (SWx212) Single mode (SWx214)
Wavelength: 1300 nm
62.5/125 µm or 50/125 μm 9/125 µm or 10/125 µm
Power coupled into fibre - 19 dBm - 15 dBm
Sensitivity - 31 dBm - 34 dBm
Link budget 12 dB 19 dB
Example 1: Between two switches

Fibre type
Connector loss (2) 0.8 dB 0.8 dB
Safety Margin 4 dB 4 dB
Allowed link attenuation 6.4 dB 13.4 dB
Typical cable attenuation 1 dB/km 0.4 dB/km

Fibre type
Maximum range 6.4 km 33 km
Example 2: Between two switches through a patch panel

Fibre type
Connector loss (6) 0.8 dB 0.8 dB
Patch loss (2) 2 dB 1 dB
Allowed link attenuation -0.8 dB 8.2 dB
Maximum range 0 20 km
The values given above are approximate. Always use cable and connector losses as specified by the
manufacturer.

1.4.20 PRP ETHERNET SWITCH SRP282/284

The SRP28x is a circuit board providing an Ethernet Switch embedded with the Parallel Redundancy
Protocol (PRP according to IEC 62439-3) to provide redundancy of communications. The board can also
provide support for the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) according to IEEE 1588 v2, to deliver precise local
time synchronisation. The board is designed to integrate into Alstom DS Agile products such as the H38x.
It is designed to work in an electrical plant environment where standards such as IEC 61000-4 & IEC 60255-
5 apply.
You configure the switch using a TELNET connection to a terminal emulation package on a personal
computer or similar device.
This board includes 3 electrical links 10/100BaseTX and 2 optical links 100BaseFX for “bumpless”
redundancy (PRP). It turns the C26x into a Double Attached Node running PRP.
It features on the rear, from top to bottom:
• Two sockets that receive removable transceivers providing either Single-mode (mono-mode) or Multi-
mode optical interface; each transceiver is locked with a clamp and protected with a rubber plug when
not used
• Status LEDs on both sides of IRIG-B connector (golden connector)

• Three RJ45 sockets
• A 3-pin connector (Fault signal)
Figure 50: SRP board

LEDs
Eight LEDs are provided as shown in the diagram below, with their meaning indicated in the table that
follows it.
They are situated at the rear of the board.
FIGURE 51: SRP28x LED positions
LED number Assignment Meaning

1 Port4 status Off = no link
2 Port3 status On = link good
3 Port2 status Blinking = activity on the link
A pulse per second signal generated by the clock core on the
4 PPS
board
5 PRP link B status Off = no link
On = link good
6 PRP link A status
Blinking = activity on the link
ON = normal
7 Software status
OFF = factory mode, or failsafe/alarm operation
ON = configuration in progress
8 Initiation status
OFF = configuration done
Switch management
The switch is SNMP managed (it integrates an SNMP server) and can be remotely accessed using an SNMP
“client”. The IP addresses are set via a telnet connection on any port. You can use the CMT; refer to the
chapter C26x/EN IN.
Ethernet cable type
Use data quality twisted pair shielded cable rated category 5 with standard RJ45 connectors.
The maximum cable length for 10/100BaseTX is 100 meters. Straight-through cable.
Variants
• SRP282 with two multi-mode optical connectors

• SRP284 with two single-mode optical connectors
Ethernet Optical Fibre
The cables are connected to the corresponding elements.
In both variants, the optical fibre connectors are LC-type small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceivers that
can use both single and multi mode fibre.
Fibre Optic budget calculations
Optical power is expressed in Watts. However, the common unit of power measurement is the dBm, defined
by the following equation: Power (dBm) = 10 log Power (mW) / 1 mW.

The fibre optic budget is the difference between the power emitted into the fibre and the sensitivity (minimum
amount of power required) of the receiver connected through the fibre optic cable.
Link Power Budget = Transmitter Power (dBm) - Receiver Sensitivity (dBm). The distance over which the
signals can be transmitted and successfully received is affected by the optical loss as shown in the figure
below.
Figure 52: Fibre budget
For this product the optical budget is given in the table below.
Fibre type Multimode Single mode
62.5/125 micron 9/125 micron
Power coupled into fibre -20 dBm -15 dBm
Sensitivity -31 dBm -31 dBm
In calculating the maximum distance, the following figures can be used as a guide, but you should check with
your supplier for precise figures.
Fibre type Multimode Single mode
Connector loss
0.8 dB 0.8 dB
(1 per receiver, 1 per transmitter)
Insertion of a patch panel (per panel) 2 dB 1 db

1.4.21 EXTENDED COMMUNICATION UNIT – ECU200

This is an additional module plugged on DB9 connector of the CPU board. This module converts non-
isolated RS232 into optical signal.
A tab can be slid to change the coding:
• For the IEC 60870-5-103 standard, the circle must be visible (light is emitted for the “0” level)
• Otherwise the circle must be hidden (light is sent for the “1” level).
Figure 53: ECU200 module
Optical characteristics:
• Connector type: ST
• Wavelength: 820 nm
• Recommended Fibre cable: 62.5/125 μm
1.4.22 EXTENDED COMMUNICATION UNIT – ECU201

This is an additional module plugged on DB9 connector of the CPU board. This module converts non-
isolated RS232 into isolated RS485/RS422.
A tab can be slid to change the connection type:
• RS422 (4 wires): TA (+), TB (–), RA (+) and RA (–) are used. The circle must be hidden
• RS485 (2 wires): only TA (+), TB (–) are used. The circle must be visible
The indication on the module from bottom to top is as follows:
• TA (+)
• TB (–)
• Ground
• RA (+)
• RB (–)
Note: There is no resistor to polarize the line.

CONNECTION
C26X/EN CO/C57A
DS Agile C26x Connection
Contents
2 CONNECTOR BLOCKS 4
2.1 I/O Connectors 4
2.2 CT/VT Connector Block 5
2.3 Serial communications connections 6
2.4 Optical communications connections 8
2.5 Ethernet-based communications connections 8
3 CONNECTION OF THE PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR (EARTH) 9

3.1 Earthing 9
3.2 Cable fitting 10
4 CONNECTION DIAGRAMS FOR EACH I/O BOARD 12

4.1 Auxiliary power supply and legacy ports board – BIU241 12
4.1.1 Block diagram 13
4.1.2 Connector description 14
4.1.3 BIU wiring for redundant C26x 15
4.2 Universal, Single or Dual Power Supply and legacy ports module – BIU261 15
4.2.2 BIU wiring for redundant C26x 18
4.3 Central Processing Unit – CPU270 19
4.3.3 DSPIO board 21
4.4 Circuit breaker Control Unit – CCU200/CCU211 23
4.5 Digital Inputs module – DIU200 25
4.8 Digital Outputs module – DOU200/201 31
4.9 Analogue Input module – AIU201 33
4.10 Analogue Input module – AIU211 35
4.11 Transducerless Measurements Unit module – TMU200 37
C26x/EN CO/C57a CO-1

Connection DS Agile C26x

4.14 Analogue Output module – AOU200 50
4.15 Ethernet Switch Unit - SWU200/SWU202 52
4.15.1 Ethernet connectors description 52
4.15.2 Fault signal connector description 52
4.16 Redundant Ethernet Switch Unit – SWR202/SWR212, SWR204/SWR214 53
4.17 Dual Homing Ethernet Switch Unit – SWD202/SWD212, SWD204/SWD214 54
4.18 PRP Ethernet Switch Unit – SRP282/SRP284 55
4.18.2 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) Connection 57
4.18.3 Copper Ethernet Connections 57
4.18.5 IRIG-B connector description 58
4.19 Front panel 59
CO-2 C26x/EN CO/C57a


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the connectors of the product
I/O connectors and the connection diagrams of each I/O boards.

2 CONNECTOR BLOCKS
2.1 I/O CONNECTORS

Apart from the two 2-pin connectors on the BIU261's daughter board, all the I/O are connected using a
standard type of 24-way connector block with a 5.08 mm pitch.
The 24-way I/O connector block characteristics are as follows:
 Continuous rating 10 A
 Connection method M3 screws
 Cable section 1.0 - 2.5 mm2
 Connection pitch 5.08 mm
 Insulation between terminals and to the earth 300 V basic insulation
 Standards UL, CSA
Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
C0041ENb
Figure 1: Typical 24-way female connector
Note: The connector is fixed using 2 M3 screws located at each end of the connector.
The 2-way I/O connector block characteristics are as follows:
 Continuous rating 10 A
 Connection method M2.5 screws
 Cable section 1.0 - 2.5 mm2
 Connection pitch 5.08 mm
 Insulation between terminals and to the earth 300 V basic insulation
 Standards UL, CSA

Figure 2: Typical 2-way female connector
2.2 CT/VT CONNECTOR BLOCK

The C26x uses a standard black MiDOS 28-terminal block for transformer connection.
CT connection has 2 dual terminal groups, this allows dual rated transformer (1A/5A). Each group has
shorting contact to allow disconnection of CTs without damage.
The CT/VT connector block characteristics are the following:
Parameter Value
VT connection
Continuous rating 10 A
3 second rating 30 A
30 ms rating 250 A
Connection method Screw M4
Cable size 2 off 2.5 mm2
Isolation to other terminal and to earth 500 V basic insulation
CT connection
Continuous rating 20 A
Connection method Screw M4
Cable size 2 off 2.5 mm2 / 1 off 4 mm2
Isolation to other terminal and to earth 300 V basic insulation
Table 1: CT/VT Connector block

1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
13 14
15 16
17 18
19 20
21 22
23 24
25 26
27 28
C0042ENa
Figure 3: Standard midos 28-way connector
Note:
The connector is fixed to the rack with 4 Phillips screws M4; 2 are located on the top part and 2 on the bottom part.
2.3 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTIONS

For a RS485 or RS422 serial communication interface a termination resistor has to be connected at each
extremity of the bus.
If the IEDs or remote equipment (like Control Centre, printer, etc) are located at a long distance (>10 m for
RS232, >100 m for RS422 and >1000 m for RS485) from the communication equipment or if the cables run
through a noisy area, then optical fibre communication should be used.
For both RS422 and RS485, the cable should be terminated at each end with a 120 ohm resistor or the
resistance of the BIU board can be used.
Figure 4: Example of RS485 connections

There must be no more than two wires connected to each terminal, this ensures that a “Daisy Chain or
“straight line” configuration is used.
Figure 5: Daisy chain connection
Note:
The “Daisy Chain or “straight line” configuration is recommended and the correct way to construct fieldbus. A “Star” or a
network with “Stubs (Tees)” is not recommended as reflections within the cable may result in data corruption.
Figure 6: Star network or network with tees – Wrong connections
Note:
A “Star” or a network with “Stubs (Tees)” is not recommended as reflections within the cable may result in data
corruption.
Wiring recommendation for RS422:
Master (C26x) Slave(IED)
TA(+) R+
TB(-) R-
RA(+) T+
RB(-) T-

2.4 OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTIONS

WARNING ABOUT LASER RAYS:
Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed directly. Optical power
meters should be used to determine the operation or signal level of the device.
Non–observance of this rule could possibly result in personal injury.
Signals transmitted via optical fibres are unaffected by interference. The fibres guarantee electrical
isolation between the connections.
If electrical to optical converters are used, they must have management of character idle state capability
(for when the fibre optic cable interface is "Light off").
2.5 ETHERNET-BASED COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTIONS

The Ethernet-based communication available in the C26x works in full duplex mode, using either fibre optic
media or 4 pair twisted cable.
Only the cable isolated category 5 (FTP: Foil Twisted Pair) or isolated (STP - Shielded Twisted Pairs) with
RJ45 connectors must be used.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C0046ENa
Figure 7: RJ45 connector
Only pins N°1, 2, 3 and 6 is used in RJ45 Ethernet 10/100BaseTX.

The standard is:
 1 = white / orange
 2 = orange
 3 = white / green
 4 = blue (non used)
 5 = white / blue (non used)
 6 = green
 7 = white / brown (non used)
 8 = brown (non used)
The RJ45 connector when seen face on, flat side on bottom, side tab on top, then pin 1 is on the left and pin
8 on the right.

3 CONNECTION OF THE PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR (EARTH)
3.1 EARTHING
The DS Agile C26x must be connected to the earth according to product safety standard EN60255-27:2005
clause 5.1.5 using the protective conductor (earth) terminal located on the rear panel.
Connection of the Protective conductor (earth).
The DS Agile C26x racks must be earthed, for safety reasons, by connection of the protective conductor
(earth) to the M4 threaded stud allocated as the protective conductor terminal (PCT), marked with the symbol
shown.
WARNING
To maintain the safety features of the equipment
it is essential that the protective conductor
(earth) is not disturbed when connecting or disconnecting functional earth conductors
such as cable screens, to the PCT stud.
The protective conductor must be connected first, in such a way that it is unlikely to be
loosened or removed during installation, commissioning or maintenance. It is
recommended that this is achieved by use of an additional locking nut.
The protective conductor (earth) must be as short as possible with low resistance and inductance. The best
electrical conductivity must be maintained at all times, particularly the contact resistance of the plated steel
stud surface. The resistance between the DS Agile C26x protective conductor (earth) terminal (PCT) and the
protective earth conductor must be less than 10 m at 12 Volt, 100 Hz.
Good conductor surface
Cable crimp
Copper cable
minimum section: 2.5mm²
C0047ENb
Figure 8: Earthing cable example

3.2 CABLE FITTING

It is recommended to use cables (0.8 mm2) as following:
 Screened multi-strand cable has to be used for digital input-output signals. For cables within the
cubicle the cable screen can be connected to the earth at both ends of the cable. If the cable is taken
beyond the system cubicle the cable screen should be earthed at one end only to prevent current
flowing in the screen due any differences in ground potential.
 Screened and twisted pair has to be used for analogue input-output signals. The screen is connected
to the earth by the end of Bay Module side.
 One or two screened and twisted pairs have to be used for lower communication signals. The screen
is connected to the earth by two cable ends.
It is recommended to group cables and fit them as near as possible to an earth plane or to an element of an
earth wire-mesh.
First example: DS Agile C26x fitted without metallic cubicle.
MiCOM Alstom C264 - Rear panel
Protective
Functional earth conductor (earth)
terminal
The signal cable earth The power supply cable

should be connected to earth should be connected
the suitable functional to the suitable functional
earth connector earth connector
C0048ENf
Figure 9: First example of earthing arrangement

Second example: DS Agile C26x fitted in a metallic cubicle with other devices.
Figure 10: Second example of cable fitting

4 CONNECTION DIAGRAMS FOR EACH I/O BOARD
4.1 AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY AND LEGACY PORTS BOARD – BIU241

This board is fitted with the auxiliary power supply converter, the watchdog relay, 2 inputs / outputs for C26x
redundancy and 2 legacy isolated serial ports (Ports N°1 / N°2).
The factory-set combinations for the two legacy isolated serial ports are:
Case Port N°1 Port N°2
1 RS232 RS232
2 RS232 RS485
3 RS422 RS232
4 RS422 RS485
5 RS485 RS232
6 RS485 RS485
Table 2: Base Legacy ports (ports N°1 / N°2) – capabilities

4.1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Power auxiliary BIU241/

supply and legacy BIU100
ports board
PIN
Output relays
1 O2
2
3 O1
4 Watchdog
5
6
7 V IN VIN
+ +
DI1 DI2
8
10
11 RS232/
12 RXD / TB RS485 Serial
link 1
13 SG
14 TXD / TA
#
15
SG
16 RS232/
CTS RS422
17
RXD / TB RS485 Serial
18 TXD / TA
RTS / RB
link 2
19
RA #
20
DCD
21
22
V aux
23 + Power
supply
24
C0050ENg
Figure 11: BIU241 and BIU100 board – Block diagram
WARNING:
For safety reasons, when the communications port of BIU241 boards referenced
2070879 A03-Z and 2070879 A04-Z is connected to devices, it is mandatory to earth some
of the "SG pin" of the communications port, as indicated below.

4.1.2 CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

Pin n° Signal
1 Redundancy relay 2 - NO contact
2 Redundancy relay - common 1-2
4 Watchdog relay - NO contact
5 Watchdog relay - NC contact
6 Watchdog relay - common
7 Redundancy input - 1+
8 Redundancy input - common 1 / 2
10
11
12 RS232: RxD RS485: B - Port 1
13 GND - Port 1
14 RS232: TxD RS485: A - Port 1
15 GND - Port 2
16 RS232: CTS - Port 2
17 RS232: RxD RS485 B RS422: TB - Port 2
18 RS232: TxD RS485 A RS422: TA - Port 2
19 RS232: RTS RS422: RB - Port 2
20 RS422: RA - Port 2
21 RS232: DCD - Port 2
22 Voltage input: Gnd Gnd
23 Voltage input: AC/DC (+)
24 Voltage input: AC/DC (-)
Table 3: BIU241 board – Connector description
RS232:
 If the C26x/BIU241/Port 1 is used -> Pin No 13 (SG) is to be earthed

 If the C26x/BIU241/Port 2 is used - > Pin No 15 (SG) is to be earthed
RS485 / RS422: daisy chain and devices in the same cubicle:

 The GND signal of the daisy chain extremity is to be earthed.
RS485 / RS422: daisy chain and devices in various cubicles:

Note: In this case, the GND signal of the daisy chain extremity is not to be earthed.

4.1.3 BIU WIRING FOR REDUNDANT C26X

In case of C26x redundancy, the following signals are to be wired for the management of main/backup
redundancy:
C26x_1 C26x_1 C26x_2 C26x_2
Signal BIU Pin BIU Pin Signal
Redundancy output contact relay 2
1 ------> 9 Redundancy input: 2+
(Open on C26x Failure)
Redundancy relay: common 1 & 2 (+) 2 (+) 2 Redundancy relays: common 1 & 2 (+)
(Closed when “Active”, 3 ------> 7 Redundancy input: 1+
Open when “Standby”)
Redundancy input: 1+ 7 <------ 3 (Closed when “Active”, Open when
“Standby”)
Redundancy input - common 1 & 2 (-) 8 (-) 8 Redundancy input - common 1 & 2 (-)
Redundancy input: 2+ 9 <------ 1
4.2 UNIVERSAL, SINGLE OR DUAL POWER SUPPLY AND LEGACY PORTS

MODULE – BIU261
This module can be composed of 1 or 2 boards, depending on whether a back-up power supply is present.
The mother board is fitted with the main auxiliary power supply transformer, the watchdog relay, 2 inputs/
outputs for C26x redundancy and 2 legacy isolated serial ports (Ports N°1 / N°2). The daughter board, if
present, houses the back-up auxiliary power supply transformer.
The factory-set combinations for the two legacy isolated serial ports are:
Case Port N°1 Port N°2
1 RS232 RS232
2 RS232 RS485
3 RS422 RS232
4 RS422 RS485
5 RS485 RS232
6 RS485 RS485
Table 4: Base legacy ports (ports N°1 / N°2) – capabilities

4.2.1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 12: BIU261 module – Block diagram
4.2.1.2 BIU261 MOTHER BOARD CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

Pin n° Signal
2 Redundancy relay - common 1-2
4 Watchdog relay - NO contact
5 Watchdog relay - NC contact
6 Watchdog relay - common

Pin n° Signal
8 Redundancy input - common 1 / 2
10
11
12 RS232: RxD RS485: B - Port 1
13 GND - Port 1
14 RS232: TxD RS485: A - Port 1
15 GND - Port 2
16 RS232: CTS - Port 2
17 RS232: RxD RS485 B RS422: TB - Port 2
18 RS232: TxD RS485 A RS422: TA - Port 2
19 RS232: RTS RS422: RB - Port 2
20 RS422: RA - Port 2
21 RS232: DCD - Port 2
22 Voltage input: Gnd Gnd
23 Voltage input: AC/DC (+)
24 Voltage input: AC/DC (-)
Table 5: BIU261 mother board – Connector description
RS232:

RS485 / RS422: daisy chain and devices in the same cubicle:

 The GND signal of the daisy chain extremity is to be earthed.
RS485 / RS422: daisy chain and devices in various cubicles:

Note: In this case, the GND signal of the daisy chain extremity is not to be earthed.
4.2.1.3 BIU261 DAUGHTER BOARD CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

Power supply input
Pin n° Signal
1 Voltage input: AC/DC (+/-)
2 Voltage input: AC/DC (+/-)

24V field voltage output
 Output voltage range 22.5 VDC to 28.5 VDC
 Maximum inrush current 1A
 Nominal operating current 250 mA

The output shuts down on short circuit: it is reset when the C26x is restarted.
4.2.2 BIU WIRING FOR REDUNDANT C26X

In case of C26x redundancy, the following signals are to be wired on the main board of the module for the
management of main/backup redundancy:
C26x_1 C26x_1 C26x_2 C26x_2
Signal BIU Pin BIU Pin Signal
1 ------> 9 Redundancy input: 2+
Redundancy relay: common 1 & 2 (+) 2 (+) 2 Redundancy relays: common 1 & 2 (+)
(Closed when “Active”, 3 ------> 7 Redundancy input: 1+
Open when “Standby”)
Redundancy input: 1+ 7 <------ 3 (Closed when “Active”, Open when
“Standby”)
Redundancy input - common 1 & 2 (-) 8 (-) 8 Redundancy input - common 1 & 2 (-)
Redundancy input: 2+ 9 <------ 1

4.3 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT – CPU270

In addition to two 10/100BaseT Ethernet interfaces, these boards include:
 The IRIG-B interface: BNC plug

 Two non-isolated RS232 interfaces (DB9 male connector)
4.3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 13: CPU270 board – Block diagram


DB9 connectors:
1 CD
2 RX
3 TX
4 5V ( for ECU20x supply)
5 ground
6 Not used
7 RTS
8 CTS
9 Not used
Figure 14: Optional Legacy ports (ports N°3 / N°4) – Description
Note:
Unlike standardized RS232 connector, pin 4 is not normally used as the DTR signal (Data Terminal ready). It is here
permanently connected to power supply +5 V. So this pin 4 must not be used in a null-modem cable.
A SCADA connection requires a crossover cable using pins 1,2 ,3, 5, 7, 8:
The ECU200/ECU201 external modules convert non-isolated RS232 into optical link/isolated RS485 or
RS422.
The ECU201 module has a 5-wire female connector.
1 TA (+)
2 TB (-)
3 Ground
4 RA (+)
5 RB (-)
Table 6: ECU201 – Description

To change the connection type, slide the tab:
 RS422 (4 wires): TA(+), TB(-), RA(+), RB(-) are used. The circle must be hidden.
 RS485 (2 wires): only TA(+) and TB(-) are used. The circle must be visible.
The ECU200 module has 2 optical fibre connectors (ST type):
 TX: optical emitter

 RX: optical receiver
4.3.3 DSPIO BOARD

The Protection Input & Ouputs module is a daughter board of the CPU board dedicated to the Circuit-breaker
Protection feature management. It provides 4 optically isolated digital inputs (with 1 common for 2DI) and 3
outputs (3 DO with 1 common) using relays; these outputs are used by protection functions.
1 +
–
2
+
3 –
4
+
5 –
+
6
–
7 +
8 –
9
10
K4 11
12
13
K3 14
15
K2 16
17
18
K1 19
20
21
22
K0
23
24
C1120XXa
Figure 15: DSPIO board – Block diagram
The DSPIO board is equipped with a 24-way 5.08 mm pitch connector.

Pin N°. Signal
1 + Digital Input Blocking logic
2 - Digital Input Blocking logic
3 + Logic Selectivity
4 Digital Input (not used)
5 - Logic Selectivity
6 Cold Load Start (CLPU)
7 Disturbance start (Disturbance record trigger)

Pin N°. Signal

8 Common to Cold Load Start & Disturbance start
9 K4/1 + Output (not used)
10 K4/1 - Output (not used)
11 K4/2 + Output (not used)
12 K4/2 - Output (not used)
13 K3/1 + Output (50 Breaker Failure)
14 K3/1 - Output
15 K3/2 + Output (50 Breaker Failure)
16 K3/2 - Output
17 Not connected
18 Trip phase C
19 Not connected
20 Trip phase B
21 Not connected
22 Trip phase A
23-24 Common Digital outputs A, B & C
Table 7: DSPIO BOARD – Connector description

4.4 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL UNIT – CCU200/CCU211

The Circuit breaker Control boards provide 8 digital inputs (8 DI with one common for 2DI) and 4 double pole
outputs (4 DO) using integrated relays.
4.4.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Circuit breaker CCU 200

Control U nit
board
PIN Digital Inputs
1 VIN VIN
+ DI1 + DI2
- -
2 - -
3
4 VIN VIN
+ DI3 + DI4
- -
5 - -
6
7 VIN VIN
+ DI5 + DI6
- -
8 - -
9
10 VIN VIN
+ DI7 + DI8
- -
11 - -
12
13 Digital Outputs
14 B
CO 1
15 A
16 A
17 B CO 2
18
19
20 B
CO 3
21 A
22 A
23 B CO 4
24
C0058ENa
Figure 16: CCU2xx board – Block diagram

Note: On the CCU211, the + and – of Digital Inputs can be inverted

Note: Different types of CCU200 boards exist depending on the input voltage range so before connection, a special
attention is to be paid to the version of the board:
- version A01 for 24VDC,
- version A02 for 48/60 VDC,
- version A03 for 110/125VDC
- version A04 for 220 VDC

The CCU2xx board is equipped with a 24-pin 5.08 mm pitch connector.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Digital Input 1+
2 Digital Input 2+
3 Common Digital Input 1 / 2
4 Digital Input 3+
5 Digital Input 4+
7 Digital Input 5+
8 Digital Input 6+
10 Digital Input 7+
11 Digital Input 8+
13 Digital Output 1 B
14 Digital Output 1 A
15 Common Digital Output 1 - 2 A
18 Common Digital Output 1 - 2 B
21 Common Digital Output 3 – 4 A
24 Common Digital Output 3 - 4 B
Table 8: CCU2xx board – Connector description
Note : On the CCU211, “Common Digital inputs” can be connected with a positive or negative polarity.

4.5 DIGITAL INPUTS MODULE – DIU200

The Digital Input module (DIU200) provides 16 optically isolated Digital Inputs (with one common for two DI).
4.5.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
D igital Input U nit DIU200

board
PIN Signal inputs
1 VIN VIN
+ DI1 + DI2
- -
2 - -
4 VIN VIN
+ DI3 + DI4
- -
5 - -
7 VIN VIN
+ DI5 + DI6
- -
8 - -
10 VIN VIN
+ DI7 + DI8
- -
11 - -
12
13 VIN VIN
+ +
DI9 DI10
- -
14 - -
15
16 VIN VIN
+ +
-
DI11 -
DI12
17 - -
18
19 VIN VIN
+ DI13 + DI14
- -
20 - -
21
22 VIN VIN
+ DI15 + DI16
- -
23 - -
24
C0056ENa
Figure 17: DIU200 board – Block diagram
Note: Different types of DIU200 boards exist depending on the input voltage range
Before connection, a special attention is to be paid about the version of the board:
- version A01 for 24VDC,
- version A02 for 48/60 VDC,
- version A03 for 110/125VDC
- version A04 for 220 VDC


The DIU200 board is equipped with a 24-pin 5.08 mm pitch connector.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Digital Input 1+
2 Digital Input 2+
3 Negative Common Digital Input 1 / 2
4 Digital Input 3+
5 Digital Input 4+
7 Digital Input 5+
8 Digital Input 6+
10 Digital Input 7+
11 Digital Input 8+
13 Digital Input 9+
14 Digital Input 10+
Table 9: DIU200 board – Connector description


The Digital Input module (DIU210) provides 16 optically isolated digital inputs split in eight groups of two
inputs. Both inputs of a group have a common pin which can be used either as a negative common pin or a
positive common pin.
4.6.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Note: There is only one type of DIU210 board, including all wetting voltages between 24 and 220V AC/DC.


The DIU210 board is equipped with a 24-pin 5.08 mm pitch connector.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Digital Input 1
2 Digital Input 2
4 Digital Input 3
5 Digital Input 4
7 Digital Input 5
8 Digital Input 6
10 Digital Input 7
11 Digital Input 8
13 Digital Input 9
14 Digital Input 10
16 Digital Input 11
17 Digital Input 12
19 Digital Input 13
20 Digital Input 14
22 Digital Input 15
23 Digital Input 16
Table 10: DIU210 board – Connector description


The Digital Input module (DIU211) provides 16 optically isolated digital inputs with one common for two DIs.
This common links the positive inputs of the two opto-couplers.
4.7.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM


The DIU211 board is equipped with a standard type of connector with a 24-pin and 5.08mm pitch.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Digital Input 1-
2 Digital Input 2-
3 Positive Common Digital Input 1 / 2
4 Digital Input 3-
5 Digital Input 4-
7 Digital Input 5-
8 Digital Input 6-
10 Digital Input 7-
11 Digital Input 8-
13 Digital Input 9-
14 Digital Input 10-
Note: The triggering threshold depends on jumper positions; see the chapter C26x/EN HW.

4.8 DIGITAL OUTPUTS MODULE – DOU200/201

The Digital Outputs Unit board (DOU200 or DOU201) provides 10 isolated outputs using relays.
4.8.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Digital Output Unit DOU201

board
PIN Signal outputs
2 DO 1
3
4
DO 2
5
6 DO 3
7
8 DO 4
9
10 DO 5
11
12 DO 6
13
14 DO 7
15
16 DO 8
17
18
19
20
DO 9
21
22
23
DO 10
24
C0057ENc
Figure 20: DOU200 board – Block diagram


The DOU200/201 board is equipped with a 24pin 5.08 mm pitch connector.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Digital output 1 +
2 Digital output 1 -
17 NC
18 NC
19 Digital output 9 – NO contact
20 Digital output 9 – NC contact
21 Common Digital output 9
22 Digital output 10 – NO contact
23 Digital output 10 – NC contact
24 Common Digital output 10
Table 11: DOU200/201 board – Connector description

4.9 ANALOGUE INPUT MODULE – AIU201

The Analogue input module (AIU201) provides 4 independent analogue inputs.
4.9.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Analogue Input U nit AIU201

board
PIN Signal inputs
1 + U
2 - V AI 1
#
3 + U
4 - mA AI 1
#
5 Insulated
GND
6
GND
7 + U
8 - V AI 2
#
9 + U
10 - mA AI 2
#
11 Insulated
GND
12
GND
13 + U
14 - V AI 3
#
15 + U
16 - mA AI 3
#
17 Insulated
GND
18
GND
19 + U
20 - V AI 4
#
21 + U
22 - mA AI 4
#
23 Insulated
GND
24
GND
C0059ENb
Figure 21: AIU201 board – Block diagram


The AIU201 board is equipped with a 24-pin 5.08 mm pitch connector.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Analogue Input 1+ (voltage)
2 Analogue Input 1-(voltage)
3 Analogue Input 1+(current)
4 Analogue Input 1-(current)
5 Insulated Ground 1
6 Ground
12 Ground
18 Ground
24 Ground
Table 12: AIU201 board – Connector description

4.10 ANALOGUE INPUT MODULE – AIU211

The Analogue input board AIU211 provides 8 isolated Analogue inputs.
4.10.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 22: AIU211 board – Block diagram


The AIU211 board is equipped with a 24-pin 5.08 mm pitch connector.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Analogue Input 5+ (current)
2 Analogue Input 5- (current)
5 Not Connected
6 Ground
11 Not Connected
12 Ground
17 Not Connected
18 Ground
23 Not Connected
24 Ground
Table 13: AIU211 board – Connector description

4.11 TRANSDUCERLESS MEASUREMENTS UNIT MODULE – TMU200

The Transducerless Measurements Unit module TMU200 provides 4 transducerless voltage inputs (VT) and
4 transducerless current inputs (CT).
Transducerless 1A Transducerless 5A
Current and Voltage TMU 200 Current and Voltage TMU 200
U nit board U nit board
Transducerless Transducerless
current inputs current inputs
PIN PIN
N1
1 2 1 2 N2
N1
3 4 N2 3 4
C1
5 6 5 6 C2
C1
7 8 C2 7 8
B1
9 10 9 10 B2
B1
11 12 B2 11 12
A1
13 14 13 14 A2
A1
15 16 A2 15 16
17 18 17 18
Transducerless Transducerless
voltage inputs voltage inputs
19 20 19 20
U1 U1
21 22 U2 21 22 U2
V1 V1
23 24 V2 23 24 V2
W1 W1
25 26 W2 25 26 W2
N1 N1
27 28 N2 27 28 N2
C0060ENb
Figure 23: TMU200 board – Block diagram

The TMU200 board is equipped with a standard MiDOS 28 connector (see Figure 2: Standard MiDOS 28
connectors).
Pin N°. Signal
1 Current Input 5A - N1
2 Current Input 5A – N2
5 Current Input 5A – C1
9 Current Input 5A – B1

Pin N°. Signal

13 Current Input 5A – A1
17 NC
18 NC
19 NC
20 NC
21 Voltage Input – U1
23 Voltage Input – V1
25 Voltage Input – W1
27 Voltage Input – N1
Table 14: TMU200 board – Connector description
Note:
Odd-numbered terminals should be connected to the neutral current or voltage. However, because the board acquires
AC signals, inverting that connection (even-numbered terminals to neutral) is permitted, provided that the connections
of ALL the terminals are inverted.

DIRECTION OF FORWARD CURRENT FLOW
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a
PHASE ROTATION
TMU200 BB
16(14)
15(13)
12(10)
11(9)
8(6)
a b c 28 n N
VREF
7(5)
4(2) 27
Figure 24: TMU200 board – External connection diagram with VREF

3(1)
22
21
24
23
26
25
NOTES:
C.T. SHORTING LINKS MAKE

BEFORE (b) DISCONNECT
LONG TERMINAL
C.T. CONNECTIONS ARE TYPICAL ONLY AND THE

TERMINAL NUMBERS ARE INDICATED AS: 1A (5A)
EARTH CONNECTIONS ARE TYPICAL ONLY .
C1026ENb
Connection
CO-39
CO-40
Connection
PHASE ROTATION
TMU200
16(14)
15(13)
12(10)
dn
11(9)
8(6)
da a b c
7(5)
4(2)
Figure 25: TMU200 board – External connection diagram with VN

3(1)
22
21
24
23
26
25
27 NOTES:
VNEUTRAL C.T. SHORTING LINKS MAKE

28
LONG TERMINAL

C1027ENb
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a

The Transducerless Measurements Unit module (TMU220) provides 5 transducerless voltage inputs (VT)
and 4 transducerless current inputs (CT).
Transducerless 1A Transducerless 5A
Current and Voltage TMU 220 Current and Voltage TMU 220
Unit board Unit board
4 Transducerless 4 Transducerless
PIN PIN
current inputs current inputs
N1
1 2 1 2 N2
N1
3 4 N2 3 4
C1
5 6 5 6 C2
C1
7 8 C2 7 8
B1
9 10 9 10 B2
B1
11 12 B2 11 12
A1
13 14 13 14 A2
A1
15 16 A2 15 16
17 18 17 18
X1 X1
19 20 X2 19 20 X2
U1 U1
21 22 U2 21 22 U2
V1 V1
23 24 V2 23 24 V2
W1 W1
25 26 W2 25 26 W2
N1 N1
27 28 N2 27 28 N2
5 Transducerless 5 Transducerless
voltage inputs voltage inputs
C0060ENb_modif

The TMU220 board is fitted with a standard MIDOS 28 connector (see Figure 2: Standard MIDOS 28
connector).
STAR topology DELTA topology
Pin "Measure type" label "Measure type" label Waveform
Signal Electrical Signal
N°. in DS Agile SCE in DS Agile SCE channel
Wiring panel Wiring panel
1 Current Input 5A - N1 IN 5A -
2 Current Input 5A – N2 IN 5A + Ibusbar RMS 1 value of Ibusbar RMS 1 value of
CI#4
3 Current Input 1A – N1 IN 1A - the current phase the current phase
4 Current Input 1A – N2 IN 1A +
5 Current Input 5A – C1 IC 5A -
6 Current Input 5A – C2 IC 5A + IC, RMS value of the IC, RMS value of the
CI#3
7 Current Input 1A – C1 IC 1A - current phase C current phase C
8 Current Input 1A – C2 IC 1A +

STAR topology DELTA topology

Pin "Measure type" label "Measure type" label Waveform
Signal Electrical Signal
N°. in DS Agile SCE in DS Agile SCE channel
Wiring panel Wiring panel
9 Current Input 5A – B1 IB 5A -
10 Current Input 5A – B2 IB 5A + IB, RMS value of the IB, RMS value of the
CI#2
11 Current Input 1A – B1 IB 1A - current phase B current phase B
12 Current Input 1A – B2 IB 1A +
13 Current Input 5A – A1 IA 5A -
14 Current Input 5A – A2 IA 5A + IA, RMS value of the IA, RMS value of the
CI#1
15 Current Input 1A – A1 IA 1A - current phase A current phase A
16 Current Input 1A – A2 IA 1A +
17 NC NC NA NA NA
18 NC NC NA NA NA
19 Voltage Input – X1 V busbar2 - Vbusbar, RMS 2 value Vbusbar, RMS 2 value
VI#5
20 Voltage Input – X2 V busbar2 + of the busbar voltage of the busbar voltage
21 Voltage Input – U1 VAN - / VAB - VAN, RMS value of the VAB, RMS value of the
VI#1
22 Voltage Input – U2 VAN + / VAB + voltage phase A voltage phase AB
23 Voltage Input – V1 VBN - / VBC - VBN, RMS value of the VBC, RMS value of the
VI#2
24 Voltage Input – V2 VBN + / VBC + voltage phase A voltage phase BC
25 Voltage Input – W1 VCN - / VCA - VCN, RMS value of the VCA, RMS value of the
VI#3
26 Voltage Input – W2 VCN+ / VCA+ voltage phase C voltage phase CA
27 Voltage Input – N1 V busbar1 - / VN -
Vbusbar, RMS 1 value Vbusbar, RMS 1 value
V busbar1 + / VN VI#4
28 Voltage Input – N2 of the busbar voltage of the busbar voltage
+
Table 15: TMU220 board – Connector description
Note:
Odd-numbered terminals should be connected to the neutral current or voltage. However, because the board acquires
AC signals, inverting that connection (even-numbered terminals to neutral) is permitted, provided that the connections
of ALL the terminals are inverted.

DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a
PHASE ROTATION
TMU220 BB1 BB2
16(14)
15(13)
12(10)
11(9)
8(6) 28 n N
VREF1
7(5) 27
4(2)
3(1) 20 n
22
Figure 27: TMU220 board – External connection diagram with 2 x VREF

VREF2
21 19
24
23
26
25
NOTES:

LONG TERMINAL

C1028ENb
Connection
CO-43
CO-44
Connection
PHASE ROTATION
TMU220 BB
16(14)
15(13)
12(10)
dn
11(9)
8(6)
a b c 20 n N
da
VREF
7(5)
4(2) 19
3(1)
22
Figure 28: TMU220 board – External connection diagram with VREF +VN
21
24
23
26
25
27 NOTES:

28
LONG TERMINAL

C1029ENb
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a
CB1 CB2 CB3
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a
TMU220
A A
N N
n
VT-L1 VT-L2 n
a 22 24 a
VI#1 VI#2
21 23
A N n a 26 28 a n N A
VI#3 VI#4
25 27
VT-B1 VT-B2
BB1 BB2
NOTES:
Figure 29: TMU220 board – External connection diagram for breaker-and-a-half topology
LONG TERMINAL
3. WIRING EXAMPLE FOR REFERENCE PHASE A. WOULD APPLY

SIMILARLY TO OTHER PHASE REFERENCES C1083ENa
Connection
CO-45

The Transducerless Measurements Unit module TMU210 provides 4 transducerless voltage inputs (VT) and
4 transducerless current inputs (CT).
Protection TMU 210

Current & Voltage
Unit board 1 & 5 Amps
PIN
Current inputs
Voltage inputs
C0363ENa


The TMU210 board is equipped with a standard MiDOS 28 connector (see Figure 2: Standard MiDOS 28
connectors).
Pin N°. Signal
1 Current Input 5A - N1
3 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – N-
4 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – N+
5 Not connected
6 Not connected
7 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – C-
8 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – C+
9 Not connected
10 Not connected
11 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – B-
12 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – B+
13 Not connected
14 Not connected
15 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – A-
16 Current Input 1 Amps or 5 Amps – A+
17 Not connected
18 Not connected
19 Not connected
20 Not connected
Table 16: TMU210 board - Connector description
Note: Odd-numbered terminals should be connected to the neutral current or voltage. However, because the board
acquires AC signals, inverting that connection (even-numbered terminals to neutral) is permitted, provided that the
connections of ALL the terminals are inverted.

CO-48
Connection
PHASE ROTATION
TMU210 BB
16
15
12
11
8
a b c 28 n N
VREF
7
4 27
Figure 31: TMU210 board – External connection diagram with VREF

3
22
21
24
23
26
25
NOTES:

BEFORE DISCONNECT
LONG TERMINAL
C.T. CONNECTIONS ARE TYPICAL ONLY AND

THEY ARE IDENTICAL FOR 1A AND 5A.
C1030ENb
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a
DS Agile C26x
C26x/EN CO/C57a
PHASE ROTATION
TMU210
16
15
12
dn
11
8
da a b c
7
4
Figure 32: TMU210 board – External connection diagram with VN

3
22
21
24
23
26
25
27
NOTES:

BEFORE DISCONNECT
28
LONG TERMINAL
C.T. CONNECTIONS ARE TYPICAL ONLY AND

THEY ARE IDENTICAL FOR 1A AND 5A.
C1031ENb
Connection
CO-49
4.14 ANALOGUE OUTPUT MODULE – AOU200

The AOU200 board provides 4 current analogue outputs. Each output is associated to a Read Inhibit relay.
The outputs are powered using an external power supply. The external power supply has to provide a
regulated voltage of +48V (+/- 5%).
This power supply will supply a minimum of 7W per AOU200 board.
Ex: if four AOU200 boards are installed in the C26x, it must supply at least 28 W.
Figure 33: AOU200 board – Block diagram


N° Description
1 External power supply +48V
2 NIL
3 External power supply (0V)
4 NIL
5 WDOG+
6 WDOG-
7 NIL
8 READ INHIBIT AO n° 1+
9 READ INHIBIT AO n° 1-
16 NIL
17 AO n° 1+
18 AO n° 1-
19 AO n° 2+
20 AO n° 2-
21 AO n° 3+
22 AO n° 3-
23 AO n° 4+
24 AO n° 4-
Table 17: AOU200 board – Connector description

4.15 ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT - SWU200/SWU202

The SWU200 board provides four electrical links.
The SWU202 board provides four electrical links and two optical links (ST connectors).
Use a (straight-through or not) patch cord between the port ETH1 (CPU) and one of the electrical ports
(SWU).
4.15.1 ETHERNET CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION

These boards are equipped with four RJ45 connectors.
The top connector is for port 1. The bottom connector is for port 4.
Pin N°. Signal
1 Rx+
2 Rx-
3 Tx+
4 not used
5 not used
6 Tx-
7 not used
Table 18: SWU200/202 board – RJ45 Connector description
4.15.2 FAULT SIGNAL CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

These boards are equipped with a 3-pin connector block to deliver a communication fault signal.
Components side Pin State
1 Open
2 Common
1 2 3 3 Close
Close if default
C0119ENa
Wiring recommendation:
Due to the proximity of the port 4 Ethernet connector, it is strongly recommended that the “Fault signal
connector” connections are visually checked before any handling of the Ethernet connectors.
Particular attention is to be paid not to damage the cable’s isolation during the wiring phase.
Figure 34: Switches – Port 4 Ethernet and Fault signal connectors

4.16 REDUNDANT ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT – SWR202/SWR212,

SWR204/SWR214
These boards are Ethernet switches with 4 electrical links and 2 optical links for a redundancy ring. Use a
(straight-through or not) patch cord between the port ETH1 (CPU) and one of the electrical ports (SWR).
The SWR21x switches are SNMP managed (they integrate an SNMP server) and can be remotely accessed
from SNMP “client”.
The SWR202/SWR212 model has a multi-mode optical interface.
The SWR204/SWR214 model has a single mode optical interface.

Pin N°. Signal
1 Rx+
2 Rx-
3 Tx+
4 not used
5 not used
6 Tx-
7 not used
Table 19: SWR2x2/2x4 BOARD – RJ45 Connector description

If one link of the optical ring fails, the fault is indicated by the output contacts (max 250V/5A):
Component side Pin State
1 Faulty Rp-Es link
2 Common
1 2 3 3 Faulty Rs-Ep link
Closed if link faulty

C0121ENc

4.17 DUAL HOMING ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT – SWD202/SWD212,

SWD204/SWD214
These boards are Ethernet switches with 4 electrical links and 2 optical links for a dual homing solution. Use
a (straight-through or not) patch cord between the port ETH1 (CPU) and one of the electrical ports (SWD).
The SWD21x switches are SNMP managed (they integrate an SNMP server) and can be remotely accessed
from SNMP “client”.
The SWD202/SWD212 model has a multi-mode optical interface.
The SWD204/SWD214 model has a single mode optical interface.

Pin N°. Signal
1 Rx+
2 Rx-
3 Tx+
4 not used
5 not used
6 Tx-
7 not used
Table 20: SWD2x2/SWD2x4 BOARD – RJ45 Connector description

If one link of the optical ring fails, the fault is indicated by the output contacts (max 250V/5A):
1 Faulty link A
2 Common
1 2 3 3 Faulty link B

C0297ENb

4.18 PRP ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT – SRP282/SRP284

These boards are Ethernet switches with 3 electrical links and 2 optical links for a redundancy star. Use a
(straight-through or not) patch cord between the port ETH1 (CPU) and the one of the electrical ports (SRP).
The picture below shows connections to an SPR2xx board fitted in a DS Agile C26x unit.
PRP fibre ports
IRIG-B
10/100 Base
Ports 2 - 4
Alarm contacts S1041ENa
Figure 35: Example SRP28x User connections

PRP Ethernet
Switch Unit
10/100 Base-Fx
Ethernet-based link
10/100 Base-Fx
Ethernet-based link
IRIG-B connector
10/100 Base-Tx
Ethernet-based link
10/100 Base-Tx
Ethernet-based link
10/100 Base-Tx
Ethernet-based link
Fault signal
connector
1 2 3 1 2 3
C1016ENj
Figure 36: SRP28x Board – Block diagram

4.18.2 PARALLEL REDUNDANCY PROTOCOL (PRP) CONNECTION

The SRP2xx PRP ports use type LC connectors as shown in the figure below.
Figure 37: Ethernet optical FIBRE – LC Connections
4.18.3 COPPER ETHERNET CONNECTIONS

The user-accessible copper Ethernet communication ports use 4 twisted pair cable.
If connected devices are located a long distance away from the switch (>100 m), or if the cables run through
a harsh electrical environment, then copper to fibre converters should be used in conjunction with optical
fibres.
Ethernet cable type
Category 5 (FTP: Foil Twisted Pair) or insulated (STP – Shielded Twisted Pair) with RJ45 connectors should
be used.

The status of the two PRP links is indicated on contacts at the rear of the board according to the diagram
and table below: The alarm contacts share a common terminal.
Connector Terminal
terminals Assignment Meaning
number
Open = Link healthy
1 PRP link A status
Close = Link failure
Board 2 Common
Open = Link healthy
3 PRP link B status
Close = Link failure
1 2 3
A closed contact indicates an alarm or a fault.
The characteristics of the alarm contacts are presented in the table below.
Connections 2 normally closed (NC) contacts - potential free
DC voltage 250 V
Continuous current 5A
Switching current 100 A / 30 ms
Power breaking with time constant 10 W below 48 V with  = 20 ms

Wiring recommendations:
For safety reasons and for compliance with the European Commission Low Voltage Directive (2006/95/EC),
the authorised voltage rating to be applied on the "Fault signal connector" is limited to 75 VDC or 50 VAC and
does not exceed 5 A.
Due to the proximity of the port N°4 Ethernet connector, it is strongly recommended that the “Fault signal
The figure below shows the allocation of the SRP28x alarm contacts.
Figure 38: SRP28x PRP Alarm Contact connections
4.18.5 IRIG-B CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

The SRP board receives the 1588 (PTP) time-synchronisation signal via the PRP Ethernet network. The
IRIG-B connector on the SRP board is an SMB output connector used to distribute time synchronization to
the CPU board.
IRIG-B cable characteristics:
 Length: 20 cm
 SRP end: Male SMB connector
 CPU end: Male BNC connector

4.19 FRONT PANEL

The front panel includes an RS232 interface, not galvanically isolated. This RS232 interface is dedicated to
maintenance and settings.
The properties of the serial link (DB9 female connector) for the maintenance dialogue are:
 Baud rate: 19200
 Data bits: 8
 Parity: No
 Stop bit: 1
 Control Xon/Xoff
Connector description:
5 4 3 2 1
9 8 7 6
C0061ENa
Figure 39: Front panel connector view
Pin N°. Signal

1 Data Carrier Detect (DCD) – input
2 Receive Data (RxD) – input
3 Transmit data (TxD) – output
4 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) – output
5 Signal Ground (SG) - 0V
6 Data Set Ready (DSR) – input
7 Ready To Send (RTS) – input
8 Clear To Send (CTS) – input
9 NC


COMMUNICATIONS
C26X/EN CT/C57A
DS Agile C26x Communications
Contents
2 STATION BUS COMMUNICATIONS 4

2.1 Inputs 4
2.1.1 Information: C26x application SCP 4
2.1.2 Information SCP C26x application 4
2.2 Supported services 4
3 INTER-RACK COMMUNICATIONS 5
3.1 Overview 5
3.2 Main1-Main2 communications 5
3.3 Main-Extension communications 5
4 COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE SCADA 6

4.1 Overview 6
4.2 SCADA common functionality 6
4.2.1 Interface to SCADA 6
4.2.2 C26x BCU 6
4.2.3 C26x-Standalone RTU 7
4.2.4 Behaviour and specific treatments 8
4.2.5 Data sent to the SCADA 9
4.2.6 Data sent to the C26x 12
4.3 Slave DNP3 profile (serial or over IP) 13
4.4 Slave IEC 60870-5-101 profile 24
4.4.1 System or device 24
4.4.2 Network configuration 24
4.4.3 Physical layer 24
4.4.4 Link layer 25
4.4.5 Application layer 25
4.4.6 Basic application functions 29
4.4.7 Protocol Requirements 33
4.4.8 Application Functions 33
4.4.9 Frame example 35
4.5 Slave IEC 60870-5-104 Server profile 36
4.5.1 System or device 36
4.5.2 Network configuration (Network-specific parameter) 36
4.5.3 Physical layer (Network-specific parameter) 36
4.5.4 Link layer (Network specific parameter) 37
4.5.5 Protocol Requirements 38
4.5.6 Application layer 38
4.5.7 Basic application functions 43
4.5.8 Frame example 46
4.6 Slave Modbus (MODICON) profile 47
4.6.1 Introducing Modbus 47
4.6.2 Slave responses 48
4.6.3 Serial transmission mode 49
4.6.4 Modbus Functions 49
C26x/EN CT/C57a CT-1

Communications DS Agile C26x
4.6.5 Function 01 / 02: Read Coil Status – Read Input Status 51

4.6.6 Function 03 / 04: Read Holding Registers / Input Registers 52
4.6.7 Function 05: Force Single Coil 53
4.6.8 Function 06: Preset single register 54
4.6.9 Function 08: Diagnostic [Sub-function 0 only] 54
4.6.10 Function 15: Force Multiple Coils 55
4.6.11 Function 16: Preset multiple registers 55
5 COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN A C26X–STANDALONE UNIT AND A

DS AGILE GATEWAY 56
6 COMMUNICATIONS WITH LEGACY IEDS 57

6.1 Overview 57
6.2 IED Common functionality 57
6.2.1 Interface to IEDs 57
6.2.2 Behaviour 58
6.2.3 Data received from IEDs 62
6.2.4 Data sent to IEDs 63
6.2.5 Tunnelling 64
6.2.6 Limits and specifications 66
6.3 Modbus communications 66
6.3.1 Scope of this section 66
6.3.2 Polling cycles 67
6.3.3 Generic Modbus communications 67
6.3.4 Legacy Modbus communications 70
6.3.5 Particular Modbus IEDs 96
6.4 DNP 3.0 communications 100
6.4.3 Behaviour 101
6.4.6 Master DNP3.0 Profile 103
6.4.7 DNP.3 Level 3 implementation table 105
6.5 IEC 60870-5-103 communications 108
6.5.3 Behaviour 110
6.6 IEC 60870-5-101 communications 115
6.6.1 Purpose 115
6.6.2 Master IEC 60870-5-101 profile 115
CT-2 C26x/EN CT/C57a


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the various standard
communication protocols implemented in the C26x.
The DS Agile C26x supports different types of communications:
• Station Bus Communications: communications with IEDs and system devices using the IEC 61850-8-1
protocol over an Ethernet network
• Inter-rack Communications: inside a multirack configuration

• Communications with the SCADA: communications with an upper level SCADA system using various
protocols (IEC 60870-5-101, IEC 60870-5-104, DNP3.0, MODBUS, DNP3 on TCP)
• Communications between a C26x–Standalone unit and a DS Agile Gateway using the IEC 60870-5-
101 protocol
• Communications with legacy IEDs: The C26x acts as a master (IEC 60870-5-103, DNP3.0, MODBUS,
IEC 60870-5-101).

2 STATION BUS COMMUNICATIONS

The DS Agile C26x BCU communicates over the Station Bus with other DS Agile sub-systems such as the
Substation Control Point (DS Agile OI), the Gateway, etc. as well as IEC 61850-8-1-compliant IEDs such as
protection units by means of GOOSE and Report messages.
This section describes IEC61850-8-1 implementation in the C26x for communications over the Station Bus.
2.1 INPUTS
2.1.1 INFORMATION: C26X APPLICATION SCP

The types of information that can be transmitted are:
• Changes of binary input states

• Measurements (Analogue or CT/VT)
• Counters
• Controls
• Control acknowledgements
• Time synchronisation message
• Records (event, fault, disturbance)
• C26x information (Init. report, Operating mode, control mode, Date)
2.1.2 INFORMATION SCP C26X APPLICATION

The type of information that can be transmitted are:
• Changes of of binary input states

• Measurements (Analogue or CT/VT)
• Counters
• Controls
• Control acknowledgements
• Time synchronisation message
• Request for records
• Database downloading
2.2 SUPPORTED SERVICES

Services supported by the IEC 61850-8-1 SBUS Agency integrated in the C26x are listed in the ACSI service
conformance statement defined in Table A.3 of the document DS Agile C26x PICS.
Supported Common Data Classes: refer to C26x/EN FT.

3 INTER-RACK COMMUNICATIONS
3.1 OVERVIEW
A C26x is used as a main rack connected to a cluster of C26x extensions over an Ethernet network using a
proprietary protocol.
Tunnelling is not possible in this architecture, and connecting IEDs directly to any C26x is not either.
No CT/VTs are connected to the extensions.
A similar branch can be installed for redundancy purposes. In this case, no AOU board is allowed.
3.2 MAIN1-MAIN2 COMMUNICATIONS

Refer to the chapter C26x/EN FT.
3.3 MAIN-EXTENSION COMMUNICATIONS

An Ethernet proprietary network supports the same objects and services as the SCP communication.

4 COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE SCADA
4.1 OVERVIEW
A C26x can be directly connected to a SCADA through networks using various protocols:
Protocol C26x BCU C26x–Standalone RTU
DNP3 Serial & over IP –
Modbus Serial –
IEC 60870-5-101 (T101) Serial Serial
IEC 60870-5-104 (T104) Over IP Over IP
HNZ – Elenas (Indonesia) & Yemen
It is possible to have:
• Two different protocols running in parallel on different links

• The same protocol on two links (redundant mode). Not supported by Modbus.
• For protocols running on TCP/IP link, there is only one Ethernet port. So redundancy is not available
for those protocols, and they all are physically running on the same network (including IEC 61850-8-1
protocol).
• In T104 protocol the C26x (server) can manage four clients simultaneously. These four clients have
separate configurations but may have same data. On the SCADA side, up to 4 ports can be defined,
corresponding to 1 active port and 3 backup ports. So, up to 4 IP addresses will be defined during the
configuration of each T104 client.
Common features to all SCADA communication and all protocols are specified below.
Specific features of each protocol are specified in subsequent paragraphs.
4.2 SCADA COMMON FUNCTIONALITY
4.2.1 INTERFACE TO SCADA

This paragraph describes the exchange of data between the “SCADA communication” function and the
Master SCADA. It includes two sub-paragraphs:
• Inputs: data received from SCADA.

• Outputs: data sent from the “SCADA communication” function to SCADA.
For each kind of protocol, it is indicated if the data is treated or not.
4.2.2 C26X BCU
4.2.2.1 INPUT
Data DNP3 T101 T104 MODBUS
Remote link initialisation Treated Treated Treated Treated
General interrogation Treated Treated Treated Not Treated
Control Treated Treated Treated Treated
Setpoint Treated Treated Treated Treated
Time synchronisation Treated Treated Treated Not Treated
Database (download) Not Treated Not Treated Not Treated Not Treated

4.2.2.2 OUTPUT
Data DNP3 T101 T104 MODBUS
Digital input Treated Treated Treated Treated
Dated Digital input Treated Treated Treated Not Treated
Measurement (Events) Treated Treated Treated Not Treated
Measurement (Cyclical) Treated Treated Treated Treated
Counter Treated Treated Treated Treated
Tap position Treated Treated Treated Treated
Control acknowledgement Treated Treated Treated Treated
Setpoint acknowledgement Treated Treated Treated Treated
C26x Disturbance Not Treated Slow waveform only Not Treated Not Treated
Sequence Of Event file Not Treated Treated Treated Not Treated
4.2.3 C26X-STANDALONE RTU
4.2.3.1 INPUT
Data T101 T104 HNZ (Elenas) HNZ (Yemen)
Remote link initialisation Treated Treated Treated
General interrogation Treated Treated Treated
Control Treated Treated Treated
Setpoint Treated Treated Treated
Time synchronisation Treated Treated Treated
Database (download) Treated Treated Not treated
Switch database Treated Treated
Reboot computer Treated Treated
Note: The “Reboot Computer” function is restricted and only accessible after the “database download”.
4.2.3.2 OUTPUT
Data T101 T104 HNZ (Elenas) HNZ (Yemen)
Digital input Treated Treated Treated
Dated Digital input Treated Treated Treated
Measurement (Events) Treated Treated Treated
Measurement (Cyclical) Treated Treated Treated
Counter Treated Treated Not treated
Tap position Treated Treated Treated
Control acknowledgement Treated Treated Treated
Setpoint acknowledgement Treated Treated Treated
C26x Disturbance Slow waveform only
Sequence Of Event file Treated Treated Not treated

4.2.4 BEHAVIOUR AND SPECIFIC TREATMENTS
Note: In subsequent sections, the master station (e.g.: SCADA) is referred to as the controlling station.
4.2.4.1 INITIALISATION
There is a running database for each SCADA link. Upon initialisation, a GI is performed on the application in
order to initialise these databases.
The GI sequence consists of different requests to the C26x application in order to get the value and state of
all data (binary input, measurement, counter, step position indication).
4.2.4.2 GENERAL INTERROGATION

The Outstation interrogation function is used for updating the controlling station after the internal station
initialisation procedure, or when the controlling station detects a loss of information, or when the link layer
connection has been re-established. The general interrogation function of the controlling station requests the
C26x to transmit the actual values of all addressed datapoints.
The C26x marks the end of the general interrogation procedure by sending an indication to the controlling
station when the protocols allow it.
In a multirack application and in redundant configuration, the main rack becomes the master rack on General
Interrogation reception.
4.2.4.3 CLOCK SYNCHRONISATION

The clock in the C26x may be synchronised by the controlling station.
Note:
The clock can be synchronised by other means: external clock, Master Clock, operator. Only one source will be
selected at a given time. This selection is performed by the clock synchronisation function based on configuration and
priority level. However the controlling station is not informed of this fact and must continue to send clock
synchronisation commands.
The controlling station must perform the correction made on the time sent in synchronisation commands.
4.2.4.4 DATABASE DOWNLOADING AND SWITCHING

This function is only implemented in T101 and T104 protocols. The SCADA can download a database and
only a database. Then the type of file is 1 (Transparent file) and the IOA (information object address) must
be 1. The database downloaded will be the standby database.
To switch over this database, the SCADA must send a reset process command (C_RP_NA_1 (105)) with
cause of transmission equal to 6 (activation) and QRP field set to 1 (general reset of process)
4.2.4.5 LOCAL/REMOTE MODE

A substation or a bay can be in local or remote mode. When it is in local mode it can not be controlled
remotely and when it is in remote mode, it can not be controlled locally.
Each Mode can be associated to a binary input.

4.2.4.6 TAKING CONTROL

A Substation can be configured in taking control mode. This means:
• At a given time, only one SCADA can send controls to the substation (the one which has the control).
• To be allowed to send controls, a SCADA must take control of the substation by sending a specific
command to the C26x.
On each SCADA link, there is a binary input indicating if the corresponding SCADA has the control of the
substation.
On reception of a Taking Control command, the C26x:
• Puts the substation in Remote mode (if it was in Local Mode)

• Gives the control to the (last) SCADA which asks for it
Reset the “Taking Control Binary input” of the SCADA which had previously the control
Set the “Taking Control Binary input” of the SCADA which asks the control
If the take control command is set for a SCADA, C26x should refuse all commands from other SCADAs.
4.2.4.7 SBMC MODE

This mode is used to test a substation while it is in Remote mode. As this mode is a test mode, the C26x will
not send all the state changes to SCADA.
When a bay switches to SBMC mode, the C26x will send to SCADA all concerned data (configured Bay
Based in the SCE) at specific states defined in the SCE for the management of SBMC.
For those data, state changes will not be transmitted, but will be saved in the C26x memory while the Bay is
in SBMC mode.
When the Bay switches back to Non-SBMC mode, the C26x sends the current state of any data that
changed while the Bay was in SBMC mode.
4.2.4.8 REDUNDANCY
Serial links can be configured as redundant. In this case, SCADA can send requests on both serial links:
“main link “or “redundant link”.
The C26x always responds on the link used by SCADA for requesting the slave.
4.2.4.9 AUTOMATIC SYNCHROCHECK

SCADA can send control to synchronised circuit breakers with a facility to bypass the synchrocheck.
4.2.5 DATA SENT TO THE SCADA

After the initialisation sequence, the C26x Slave sends the state of all of its data to the SCADA. The current
state of data is sent as state or as state change messages, depending on the protocol.
The data, which can be sent to SCADA, is detailed in the paragraphs below.
4.2.5.1 BINARY INPUTS

Binary inputs can be sent as states or as state changes depending on the protocol.
A binary input can be associated with a single point or a double point.
Note: Multipoint status is not treated.

Measurements can be sent in various formats: float, integer, normalised, scaled…
Measurements can be sent as periodical messages or as state changes: variation, threshold, and invalidity.
The choices of format and mode of transmission are done by configuration according to the protocol.
4.2.5.3 COUNTERS
Counters can be sent as spontaneous messages (state changes) or on demand (counter General
Interrogation).
The choice whether to use spontaneous messages for a counter is done by configuration, according to the
protocol.
4.2.5.4 TAP POSITION

Tap position indication (TPI) can be sent to SCADA as states or as state changes. The choice between state
and state change depends on the protocol. If the protocol allows both, the choice is made by configuration.
A digital input can be associated with a single point or a double point.
4.2.5.5 C26X DISTURBANCE FILE

Only Slow WaveForm recordings may be transmitted to the SCADA using the T101 or T104 protocols. A
maximum of 5 slow waveform files can be simultaneously available. The IOA (Information Object Address) of
the first file is configured and the others are consecutive; the file type is 1 (Transparent file). When a slow
waveform file is available, an ASDU Directory (F_DR_TA_1 (126)) is sent by the C26x with cause of
transmission spontaneous (3). The file remains available until a new file is created and replaces it. The
SCADA can identify the file only by its date. The file size must be lower or equal to the size of one section.
Note:
Slow waveform files are stored in volatile memory (in the "/RAMDEV/" folder) and are deleted whenever the C26x is
powered off or rebooted.
4.2.5.6 SEQUENCE OF EVENTS FILE (SOE)

The SOE record is a circular file in which C26x Events are stored. There is one SOE recorder per SCADA
link.
The Events, which can be stored in the SOE file, are Binary Input states and measurements. The choice is
made by configuration.
The following information in the C26x configuration is used to manage the SOE file:
• For each SCADA protocol

A flag indicating whether the SOE file must be managed
The identifiers of the SOE file on the link (Name, Address, …)
The maximum size of the file
The fill rate triggering the transmission of the SOE file
• For each BI / measurement

A flag indicating whether it must be stored in the SOE file

The rules for SOE management are as follows:
• When the C26x starts up, the SOE file is Empty

• When the SOE file is full, the oldest Event is deleted and the new one is added
• As soon as the fill rate set in configuration ('full' SOE file nb of events) is reached, the C26x tries to
transmit the SOE file
• Once a SOE file has been successfully transmitted, all the Events included in the transmission are
deleted from the SOE file.
Note:
SOE files are stored in volatile memory (in the "/RAMDEV/SOE/" folder) and are deleted whenever the C26x is powered
off or rebooted.
4.2.5.7 SYNCHRONISATION STATUS

The C26x can inform the controlling station about its synchronisation status.
Depending on the protocol, this may be done by a specific message or by a binary input.
4.2.5.8 EVENTS BUFFER FOR T101 AND T104

During a SCADA disconnection, some events might be generated at Substation level. The C26x buffer
records these events in order to transfer them spontaneously (COT=3) to the related SCADA at reconnection
time. Refer to C26x/EN AP for buffer management.
A buffer overflow information is an optional extra with a SCADA address. The type of datapoint is ASDU30,
SPS with Time stamp at date of the detection of overflow and is set to "OFF" in General and Group
Interrogation.
Events are recorded in the Master and Backup C26x. Only events issued and dated from extension racks
are synchronized.
Recorded events:
• DI (SPS and DPS)

• AI (MV normalized, adjusted, float)
• Counter reported as spontaneous change,
• Step position information
• Unrecorded events:
Information transmitted cyclically or as background scan,
Acknowledgement of command,
Information transmitted in GI.
4.2.5.9 COMMUNICATIONS LINK STATUS

In the case of a redundant T101 link, when one of the channels is lost, the C26x can send a failure signal to
the SCADA over the remaining healthy channel through 2 configurable datapoints.

4.2.6 DATA SENT TO THE C26X

SCADA can send data to the C26x. The type of data is described in subsequent paragraphs.
4.2.6.1 DIGITAL CONTROLS OR SETPOINTS

A control is transmitted to the handling of control sequences function.
At the end of the control sequence an acknowledgement is sent to SCADA if protocol allows it.
4.2.6.2 COUNTER COMMANDS

The commands allowed on counters are:
• Reset of a group of Counters

• Reset of all Counters
• Freeze of a group of counters
• Freeze of all counters
• Read (frozen value) of a group of Counters
• Read (frozen value) of all Counters
4.2.6.3 SYNCHRONISATION
Depending on the configuration, the C26x can be synchronised by a SCADA.
4.2.6.4 C26X REBOOT

The C26x-Standalone RTU can be rebooted from SCADA. If a new database had been downloaded and not
switched yet, the C26x performs a database switch before rebooting.

4.3 SLAVE DNP3 PROFILE (SERIAL OR OVER IP)

DNP V3.00 Device Profile
Highest DNP Level Supported:
Device Function:
For Requests Level 3
Master Slave
For Responses Level 3
Notable objects, functions, and/or qualifiers supported in addition to the Highest DNP Levels supported:
Maximum Application Fragment Size (octets):

Maximum Data Link Frame Size (octets):
Transmitted 2048
Transmitted: 292
(configurable: 15 to 2048 bytes)
Received: (must be 292)
Received 2048
Maximum Data Link Re-tries: Maximum Application Layer Re-tries:
None None
Fixed at 2 Configurable, range to
Configurable, range to (Fixed is not permitted)
Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation:
Never
Always
Sometimes If ’Sometimes’, when?
Configurable If ’Configurable’, how?

User option to set Data Link Confirmation to:
Always – device will always request Data Link Confirmations.
Multi-packet only – the device will request Data Link Confirmations when sending multi-packet responses.
Never – the device will never request Data Link Confirmations.
Requires Application Layer Confirmation:
Never
Always (not recommended)
When reporting Event Data (Slave devices only)
When sending multi-fragment responses (Slave devices only)
Sometimes If 'Sometimes', when?
Configurable If 'Configurable', how?

Timeouts while waiting for:
Data Link Confirm None Fixed at Variable Configurable
Complete Appl. Fragment None Fixed at Variable Configurable
Application Confirm None Fixed at 10s Variable * Configurable
Complete Appl. Response None Fixed at Variable Configurable
Others
* When reporting Event Data (Slave devices only) & When sending multi-fragment responses (Slave devices only)


Sends/Executes Control Operations:
WRITE Binary Outputs Never Always Sometimes Configurable
SELECT/OPERATE Never Always Sometimes Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE Never Always Sometimes Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE - NO ACK Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Count > 1 Never Always Sometimes Configurable

Pulse On Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Pulse Off Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Latch On Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Latch Off Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Queue Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Clear Queue Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Select timeout: configurable (same value for all controls)
A pulse duration can be specified from Scada, for trip and close control with a transient DO.
When no value is specified, the default configured value is used.
FILL OUT THE FOLLOWING ITEMS FOR SLAVE DEVICES ONLY:
Reports Binary Input Change Events when no
Specific variation requested:
Never
Reports time-tagged Binary Input Change Events
Only time-tagged
When no specific variation requested:
Only non-time-tagged
Never
Configurable to send both, one or the other (explanation
Binary Input Change With Time
below)
Binary Input Change With Relative Time
User option to have all Binary Input
Configurable (attach explanation)
Change Events returned as either:
time-tagged OR
non-time-tagged
Send Unsolicited Responses:
Send Static Data in Unsolicited Responses:
Never
Never
Configurable (attach explanation)
When Device Restarts
Only certain objects
When Status Flags Change
Sometimes (attach explanation)
ENABLE/DISABLE UNSOLICITED
No other options are permitted.
Function codes supported


Default Counter Object/Variation:
Counters Roll Over at:
No Counters Reported
No Counters Reported
Configurable (explanation below)
Configurable (explanation below)
Default Object 20
16 Bits
Default Variation 02
32 Bits
Point-by-point list attached
Other Value
User option to return all static counters in
Point-by-point list attached
One of the following variations:
32-Bit Binary Counter
User option to select roll over:
32-Bit Binary Counter Without Flag
32 bit counters roll over at 2^32.
16-Bit Binary Counter
16 bit counters roll over at 2^16
16-Bit Binary Counter Without Flag
Send Multi-Fragment Responses: Yes No
Binary Input (BI) double management:
For a BI double, two binary inputs are configured, with a point address for the open contact and the address + 1 for the
close contact. All the BIs double are transmitted this way.
DNP3 level 3: IMPLEMENTATION TABLE

REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
(slave must parse) (master must parse)
Qual Codes
Func Codes Func Codes Qual Codes
Obj Var Description (2)
(dec) (dec) (hex)
(hex)
1 0 Binary Input – All Variations 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
1 1 Binary Input 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
1 2 Binary Input with Status 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
2 0 Binary Input Event - All Variations
2 1 Binary Input Event without Time
2 2 Binary Input Event with Time
2 3 Binary Input Event with Relative Time
10 0 Binary Output - All Variations
10 1 Binary Output
10 2 Binary Output Status 1 129 00,17,28
12 0 Control Block - All Variations (1) 1 129 00,17,28
Request
12 1 Control Relay Output Block (1) 1, 3,4,5,6 17,28 129
echo
12 2 Pattern Control Block 1 129 00,17,28
12 3 Pattern Mask 1 129 00,17,28
20 0 Binary Counter - All Variations 1, 7,8,9,10 06,17,28 1
20 1 32-Bit Binary Counter 1, 7,8,9,10 00,01,06,17,28 1129 00,17,28
20 2 16-Bit Binary Counter 1, 7,8,9,10 00,01,06,17,28 1129 00,17,28
20 3 32-Bit Delta Counter
20 4 16-Bit Delta Counter
20 5 32-Bit Binary Counter without Flag 1, 7,8,9,10 00,01,06,17,28 1 129 00,17,28
20 6 16-Bit Binary Counter without Flag 1, 7,8,9,10 00,01,06,17,28 1 129 00,17,28
20 7 32-Bit Delta Counter without Flag

REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
20 8 16-Bit Delta Counter without Flag
Qualifier Codes (in hexa) (example of Binary Input)
Request Qualifier Response Qualifier
Range of Points (8 bits) 0 0
Range of Points (16 bits) 1 0
All Points 6 0
Count of Points (8 bits) 7 0
Count of Points (16 bits) 8 0
List of Points (8 bits) 17 17
List of Points (16 bits) 28 28
Qualifier Codes 17 and 28 are only available on one point, except for controls (controls can be selected/executed on
one or more points)
“Binary Counter - All Variations” (Object 20, Var 0):
Functions 7,8 ,9 & 10 are only available with qualifiers 06, 17 and 28
21 0 Frozen Counter - All Variations Static&event:1 00,01,06,17,28 129, 130
21 1 32-Bit Frozen Counter Static: 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
21 2 16-Bit Frozen Counter Static: 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
21 3 32-Bit Frozen Delta Counter
21 4 16-Bit Frozen Delta Counter
21 5 32-Bit Frozen Counter with Time of Freeze Event: 1
21 6 16-Bit Frozen Counter with Time of Freeze Event: 1
32-Bit Frozen Delta Counter with Time of
21 7
Freeze
16-Bit Frozen Delta Counter with Time of
21 8
Freeze
21 9 32-Bit Frozen Counter without Flag Static: 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
21 10 16-Bit Frozen Counter without Flag Static: 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
21 11 32-Bit Frozen Delta Counter without Flag
21 12 16-Bit Frozen Delta Counter without Flag
22 0 Counter Event - All Variations
22 1 32-Bit Counter Event without Time
22 2 16-Bit Counter Event without Time
22 3 32-Bit Delta Counter Event without Time
22 4 16-Bit Delta Counter Event without Time
22 5 32-Bit Counter Event with Time
22 6 16-Bit Counter Event with Time
22 7 32-Bit Delta Counter Event with Time
22 8 16-Bit Delta Counter Event with Time
23 0 Frozen Counter Event - All Variations 1 06,07,08 129, 130
23 1 32-Bit Frozen Counter Event without Time
23 2 16-Bit Frozen Counter Event without Time
32-Bit Frozen Delta Counter Event without
23 3
Time
16-Bit Frozen Delta Counter Event without
23 4
Time
23 5 32-Bit Frozen Counter Event with Time 1 06,07,08 129,130 17

REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
23 6 16-Bit Frozen Counter Event with Time 1 06,07,08 129,130 17
23 7 32-Bit Frozen Delta Counter Event with Time
23 8 16-Bit Frozen Delta Counter Event with Time
30 0 Analog Input - All Variations 1 00,01,06,17,28 129
30 1 32-Bit Analog Input 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00, 17,28
30 2 16-Bit Analog Input 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
30 3 32-Bit Analog Input without Flag 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
30 4 16-Bit Analog Input without Flag 1 00,01,06,17,28 129 00,17,28
31 0 Frozen Analog Input - All Variations
31 1 32-Bit Frozen Analog Input
31 2 16-Bit Frozen Analog Input
32-Bit Frozen Analog Input with Time of
31 3
Freeze
16-Bit Frozen Analog Input with Time of
31 4
Freeze
31 5 32-Bit Frozen Analog Input without Flag
31 6 16-Bit Frozen Analog Input without Flag
32 0 Analog Change Event - All Variations 1 06,07,08 129, 130
32 1 32-Bit Analog Change Event without Time
32 2 16-Bit Analog Change Event without Time
32 3 32-Bit Analog Change Event with Time 1 06,07,08 129,130 17
32 4 16-Bit Analog Change Event with Time 1 06,07,08 129,130 17
33 0 0 Frozen Analog Event - All Variations
33 1 32-Bit Frozen Analog Event without Time
33 2 16-Bit Frozen Analog Event without Time
33 3 32-Bit Frozen Analog Event with Time
33 4 16-Bit Frozen Analog Event with Time
40 0 Analog Output Status - All Variations
40 1 32-Bit Analog Output Status
40 2 16-Bit Analog Output Status
41 0 Analog Output Block - All Variations
Request
41 1 32-Bit Analog Output Block 3,4,5,6 17,28 129
echo
Request
41 2 16-Bit Analog Output Block 3,4,5,6 17,28 129
echo
50 0 Time and Date - All Variations
50 1 Time and Date
50 2 Time and Date with Interval
51 0 Time and Date CTO - All Variations
51 1 Time and Date CTO 1, 2 129
51 2 Unsynchronized Time and Date CTO
52 0 Time Delay - All Variations
52 1 Time Delay Coarse
52 2 Time Delay Fine
60 0

REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
1 06,07,08 129
60 1 Class 0 Data
20,21 06
1 06,07,08 129
60 2 Class 1 Data
20,21 06
1 06,07,08 129
60 3 Class 2 Data
20,21 06
60 4 Class 3 Data 1 06,07,08 129
70 0 File management – All variations
80 1 Internal Indications 2
81 1 Storage Object
82 1 Device Profile
83 1 Private Registration Object
83 2 Private Registration Object Descriptor
90 1 Application Identifier
100 1 Short Floating Point
100 2 Long Floating Point
100 3 Extended Floating Point
101 1 Small Packed Binary-Coded Decimal
101 2 Medium Packed Binary-Coded Decimal
101 3 Large Packed Binary-Coded Decimal
No Object (Cold Restart)
No Object (Warm Restart)
No Object (Delay Measurement)
“On-line” Quality bit management:

The table below described the management of the DNP3 binary input status object for each Alstom DS Agile
xPS status, MV and counter value.
This management is the same for data with or without the time tag. You can choose between two modes.
Only the mode 1 is backwards compatible.
MODE 1 / SBMC set to OFF
SPS:
DNP3 binary input status object
Remote Forced BS1[3]
Local Forced BS1[4]
Chatter filter BS1[5]

Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[6]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
State BS1[7]
DS Agile SPS Status

SBMC is set to Off
RESET 1 - - - - - - 0
SET 1 - - - - - - 1
TOGGLING 1 - - - - 1 - 0
SELFCHECKFAULT 0 - - - - - - 0

UNKNOWN 1 - 1 - - - - (1)
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - X
FORCED 1 - - 1 - - - (2)
SUBSTITUTED 1 - - 1 - - - (2)
DPS:
DNP3 binary input status object DNP3 binary input status object
DNP3 Address (CO) DNP3 Address + 1 (CC)

Local Forced BS1[4]
Local Forced BS1[4]


DS Agile DPS
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[6]
Reserved BS1[6]
On-line BS1[0]
On-line BS1[0]
Status
RestartBS1[1]
RestartBS1[1]
State BS1[7]
State BS1[7]
SCE Inversion =
No
SBMC is set to Off
OPEN 1 - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - 0
CLOSED 1 - 0 1 - - - - - - 1
JAMMED 0 - 0 0 - 1
UNDEFINED 0 - - - 0 0 - 1
TOGGLING 1 - - - - 1 - 0 1 - - - - 1 - 1
SELFCHECKFAUL
0 - - - - - - 0 0 - - - - - - 1
T
UNKNOWN 1 - 1 - - - - (1) 1 - 1 - - - - (1)
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - X 1 - - 1 - - - X
FORCED 1 - - 1 - - - (2) 1 - - 1 - - - (2)
SUBSTITUTED 1 - - 1 - - - (2) 1 - - 1 - - - (2)
(1) For the the status UNKNOWN, the C26x action for each data source shows in the table below:
Data source Condition C26x action
Server connection Data shows as transmitted on IEC61850
IEC61850 server
Server disconnection Resets the data from the server
A T101 IED or a DNP3 IED IED disconnection Resets the bit
A VDEW IED or a Modbus IED IED disconnection Does not change the previous status
(2) Value is given by the client that forces, suppresses or substitutes the data, also assigns and gives the
value to the data.
“-“ stands for 0 except when 0 is significant, in this case the 0 appears in the cell.
“X stands for No change. It means no change from the previous status.

The table below shows the management of the DNP3 Object coding status Flag and current value for each
DS Agile MV and SPI status. This management is the same for data with or without the time tag. The SBMC
is set to off.
DNP3 object coding status flag
Reference check BS1[6]

Local Forced BS1[4]
Over-range BS1[5]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[7]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
DS Agile MV & SPI
Status
SBMC is set to Off DNP3 object coding
status Current
value
VALID 1 - - - - - - - VALUE*
SELFCHECK FAULT 0 - - - - - - - X*
UNKNOWN 1 - 1 - - - - - X*
FORCED 1 - - 1 - - - - VALUE*
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - - VALUE*
SUBSTITUTED 1 - - 1 - - - - VALUE*
OVERRANGE (0x6000) 0 - - - - - - - Min or Max or (1)*
UNDEFINED 0 - - - - - - - X*
OPENCIRCUIT 0 - - - - - - - X*
*the value can be scaled and depends to the format: Natural or Adjusted. If the result of the scaling is not
between minimum and maximum as defined in the configuration, then the MV shows as OVERRANGE
(1) If the scaling value is between minimum and maximum then this value is transmitted
For each DS Agile COUNTER status, the table below shows the management of the DNP3 Object coding
status Flag and Delta value. This management is the same same for data with or without the time tag. The
SBMC is set to off.
Local Forced BS1[4]
Over-range BS1[5]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[7]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
DS Agile Counter
Status DNP3 object coding
status Value
VALID 1 - - - - - - - VALUE
SELFCHECK FAULT 0 - - - - - - - X
UNKNOWN 1 - 1 - - - - - X
OVERRANGE 0 - - - - - - - X
UNDEFINED 0 - - - - - - - X

MODE 2 / SBMC set to OFF:

Local Forced BS1[4]

Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[6]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
State BS1[7]
DS Agile SPS Status
SBMC is set to Off
RESET 1 - - - - - - 0
SET 1 - - - - - - 1
TOGGLING 1 - - - - 1 - 0
SELFCHECKFAULT 0 - - - - - - 0
UNKNOWN 0 - 1 - - - - (1)
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - X
FORCED 1 - - 1 - - - (2)
SUBSTITUTED 1 - - 1 - - - (2)

Local Forced BS1[4]
Local Forced BS1[4]


Comm.lost BS1[2]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[6]
Reserved BS1[6]
On-line BS1[0]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
RestartBS1[1]
DS Agile DPS Status

State BS1[7]
State BS1[7]
SCE Inversion = No
SBMC is set to Off
OPEN 1 - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - 0
CLOSED 1 - 0 1 - - - - - - 1
JAMMED 0 - 1 0 - 0
UNDEFINED 0 - - - 1 0 - 0
TOGGLING 1 - - - - 1 - 1 1 - - - - 1 - 0
SELFCHECKFAULT 0 - - - - - - 1 0 - - - - - - 0
UNKNOWN 0 - 1 - - - - (1) 0 - 1 - - - - (1)
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - X 1 - - 1 - - - X
FORCED 1 - - 1 - - - (2) 1 - - 1 - - - (2)
SUBSTITUTED 1 - - 1 - - - (2) 1 - - 1 - - - (2)


Local Forced BS1[4]
Over-range BS1[5]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[7]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
DS Agile MV & SPI
Status
SBMC is set to Off DNP3 object coding
status Current
value
VALID 1 - - - - - - - VALUE*
SELFCHECK FAULT 0 - 1 - - - - - X*
UNKNOWN 0 - 1 - - - - - X*
FORCED 1 - - 1 - - - - VALUE*
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - - VALUE*
SUBSTITUTED 1 - - 1 - - - - VALUE*
OVERRANGE (0x6000) 0 - - - - - - - Min or Max or (1)*
UNDEFINED 0 - - - - - - - X*
OPENCIRCUIT 0 - 1 - - - - - X*
DS Agile Counter Status: same as mode 1 MODE 1 = MODE 2 if SBMC is set to ON:
Local Forced BS1[4]

Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[6]
SBMC is set to On
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
State BS1[7]
SCE SPS profile

attribute “Value” equal
to
RESET 1 - - - - - - 0
SET 1 - - - - - - 1
SUPPRESSED 1 - - 1 - - - 0

Local Forced BS1[4]
Local Forced BS1[4]


Comm.lost BS1[2]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[6]
Reserved BS1[6]
SBMC is set to On
On-line BS1[0]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
RestartBS1[1]
State BS1[7]
State BS1[7]
SCE DPS profile

attribute “Value” equal
to
SUPPRESSED 1 - - - 1 - - 0 1 - - - 1 - - 0
OPEN 1 - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - - - 0
CLOSED 1 - - - - - - 0 1 - - - - - - 1
JAMMED 0 - - - - - - 0 0 - - 1 - - - 1


Local Forced BS1[4]
Over-range BS1[5]
Comm.lost BS1[2]
Reserved BS1[7]
On-line BS1[0]
RestartBS1[1]
SBMC is set to On
SCE MV profile
attribute “Value” equal DNP3 object coding
to status Current
value
Yes to SUPPRESSED 1 - - - 1 - - - 0

4.4 SLAVE IEC 60870-5-101 PROFILE

The companion standard presents sets of parameters and alternatives from which subsets have to be
selected to implement particular telecontrol systems. Certain parameters values, such as the number of
bytes in the COMMON ADDRESS of ASDUs represent mutually exclusive alternatives. This means that only
one value of the defined parameters is admitted per system.
Other parameters, such as the listed set of different process information in command and in monitor direction
allow the specification of the complete set or subsets, as appropriate for given applications. This clause
summarizes the parameters of the previous clauses to facilitate a suitable selection for a specific application.
If a system is composed of equipment stemming from different manufacturers it is necessary that all partners
agree on the selected parameters.
The selected parameters should be marked in the white boxes as follows:
Function or ASDU is not used
⌧ Function or ASDU is used as standardized (default)

The possible selection (blank, X) is specified for each specific clause or parameter.
Note: In addition, the full specification of a system may require individual selection of certain parameters for certain
parts of the system, such as the individual selection of scaling factors for individually addressable measured values.
4.4.1 SYSTEM OR DEVICE

(system specific parameter, indicates the definition of a system or a device by marking one of the following
with ‘X’)
System definition
Controlling station definition (Master)
⌧ Controlled station definition (Slave)
4.4.2 NETWORK CONFIGURATION

(network specific parameter, all configurations that are used are to be marked ‘X’)
⌧ Point-to-point ⌧ Multipoint-party line
⌧ Multiple point-to-point ⌧ Multipoint-star
4.4.3 PHYSICAL LAYER

(network specific parameter, all interfaces and data rates that are used are to be marked ‘X’)
Transmission speed (control direction)
Unbalanced interchange
Circuit V24/V28 Balanced interchange
Recommended if Circuit X24/X27
Standard
> 1200 bits/s
100 bits/s ⌧ 2400 bits/s ⌧ 2400 bits/s 56000 bits/s
⌧ 300 bits/s ⌧ 9600 bits/s ⌧ 9600 bits/s
⌧ 1200 bits/s ⌧ 38400 bits/s

Transmission speed (monitor direction)

Standard
> 1200 bits/s
⌧ 1200 bits/s ⌧ 38400 bits/s
4.4.4 LINK LAYER

(network specific parameter, all options that are used are to be marked ‘X’. Specify the maximum frame
length. If a non-standard assignment of class 2 messages is implemented for unbalanced transmission,
indicate the type ID and COT of all messages assigned to class 2.)
Frame format FT 1.2, single character 1 and the fixed time out interval are used exclusively in this
companion standard.
Link transmission procedure Address field of the link
⌧ Balanced transmission Not present (balanced transmission only)
⌧ Unbalanced transmission ⌧ One octet
⌧ Two octets
Structured
⌧ Unstructured
Frame length (number of bytes)
255 Maximum length L in control direction
up to 255 Maximum length L in monitor direction – configurable
4.4.5 APPLICATION LAYER

Transmission mode for application data
Mode 1 (Least significant octet first), as defined in clause 4.10 of IEC 870-5-4, is used exclusively in this
companion standard.
Common address of ASDU
(system-specific parameter, all configurations that are used are to be marked ‘X’)
⌧ One octet ⌧ Two octets

Information object address
⌧ One octet ⌧ Structured
⌧ Two octets ⌧ Unstructured
⌧ Three octets

Cause of transmission
⌧ One octet ⌧ Two octets (with originator address)

Selection of standard ASDUs
Process information in monitor direction
(station-specific parameter, mark each type ID ‘X’ if it is only used in the standard direction, ‘R’ if only used in
the reverse direction, and ‘B’ is used in both directions)
⌧ <1> := Single-point information M_SP_NA_1
⌧ <2> := Single-point information with time tag M_SP_TA_1
⌧ <3> := Double-point information M_DP_NA_1
⌧ <4> := Double-point information with time tag M_DP_TA_1
⌧ <5> := Step-position information M_ST_NA_1
⌧ <6> := Step-position information with time tag M_ST_TA_1
<7> := BitString of 32 bit M_BO_NA_1
<8> := BitString of 32 bit with time tag M_BO_TA_1
⌧ <9> := Measured value, normalized value M_ME_NA_1
⌧ <10> := Measured value, normalized value with time tag M_ME_TA_1
⌧ <11> := Measured value, scaled value M_ME_NB_1
⌧ <12> := Measured value, scaled value with time tag M_ME_TB_1
⌧ <13> := Measured value, short floating point value M_ME_NC_1
⌧ <14> := Measured value, short floating point value with time tag M_ME_TC_1
⌧ <15> := Integrated totals M_IT_NA_1
⌧ <16> := Integrated totals with time tag M_IT_TA_1
<17> := Event of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TA_1
⌧ <18> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TB_1
⌧ <19> := Packed output circuit transmission of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TC_1
<20> := Packed single-point information with status change detection M_PS_NA_1
<21> := Measured value, normalized value without quality descriptor M_ME_ND_1
⌧ <30> := Single-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M_SP_TB_1
⌧ <31> := Double-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M_DP_TB_1
⌧ <32> := Step-position information with time tag CP56Time2a M_ST_TB_1
<33> := Bistring of 32 bits with with time tag CP56Time2a M_BO_TB_1
⌧ <34> := Measured value, normalized with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TD_1
⌧ <35> := Measured value, scaled with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TE_1
⌧ <36> := Measured value, short floating point number with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TF_1
⌧ <37> := Integrated totals with time tag CP56Time2a M_IT_TB_1
<38> := Event of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TD_1
⌧ <39> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TE_1
⌧ <40> := Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TF_1
Process information in control direction

⌧ <45> := Single command C_SC_NA_1
⌧ <46> := Double command C_DC_NA_1
⌧ <47> := Regulating step command C_RC_NA_1

⌧ <48> := Set point command, normalized value C_SE_NA_1

⌧ <49> := Set point command, scaled value C_SE_NB_1
⌧ <50> := Set point command, short floating point value C_SE_NC_1
<51> := BitString of 32 bits C_BO_NA_1
System information in monitor direction

⌧ <70> := End of initialisation M_EI_NA_1
System information in control direction

⌧ <100> := Interrogation command C_IC_NA_1
⌧ <101> := Counter Interrogation Command C_CI_NA_1
<102> := Read command C_RD_NA_1
⌧ <103> := Clock synchronisation command C_CS_NA_1
⌧ <104> := Test command C_TS_NB_1
<105> := Reset process command C_RP_NC_1
⌧ <106> := Delay acquisition command C_CD_NA_1
Parameter in control direction

<110> := Parameter of measured value, normalized value P_ME_NA_1
<111> := Parameter of measured value, scaled value P_ME_NB_1
<112> := Parameter of measured value, short floating point value P_ME_NC_1
<113> := Parameter activation P_AC_NA_1
File transfer
⌧ <120> := File ready F_FR_NA_1
⌧ <121> := Section ready F_SR_NA_1
⌧ <122> := Call directory, select file, call file, call section F_SC_NA_1
⌧ <123> := Last section, last segment F_LS_NA_1
⌧ <124> := Ack file, ack section F_AF_NA_1
⌧ <125> := Segment F_SG_NA_1
⌧ <126> := Directory F_DR_TA_1
Special use (private range)

⌧ <136> := Database version M_DB_NA_1
⌧ <137> := Regulating delay command C_RC_NB_1

Type identifier and cause of transmission assignments

(station-specific parameters)
Shaded boxes are not required.
Blank = function or ASDU is not used
Mark type identification/cause of transmission combinations:
‘X’ if used only in the standard direction
‘R’ if used only in the reverse direction
‘B’ if used in both directions
Type ID Cause of transmission
20 37
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 to to 44 45 46 47
36 41
<1> M_SP_NA_1 X X X X
<2> M_SP_TA_1 X X
<3> M_DP_NA_1 X X X X
<4> M_DP_TA_1 X X
<5> M_ST_NA_1 X X X X
<6> M_ST_TA_1 X X
<7> M_BO_NA_1
<8> M_BO_TA_1
<9> M_ME_NA_1 X X X X
<10> M_ME_TA_1 X
<11> M_ME_NB_1 X X X X
<12> M_ME_TB_1 X
<13> M_ME_NC_1 X X X X
<14> M_ME_TC_1 X
<15> M_IT_NA_1 X X
<16> M_IT_TA_1 X X
<17> M_EP_TA_1
<18> M_EP_TB_1 X
<19> M_EP_TC_1 X
<20> M_PS_NA_1
<21> M_ME_ND_1
<30> M_SP_TB_1 X X X
<31> M_DP_TB_1 X X X
<32> M_ST_TB_1 X X X
<33> M_BO_TB_1
<34> M_ME_TD_1 X
<35> M_ME_TE_1 X
<36> M_ME_TF_1 X
<37> M_IT_TB_1 X X
<38> M_EP_TD_1
<39> M_EP_TE_1 X


<40> M_EP_TF_1 X
<45> C_SC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<46> C_DC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<47> C_RC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<48> C_SE_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<49> C_SE_NB_1 X X X X X X X X
<50> C_SE_NC_1 X X X X X X X X
<51> C_BO_NA_1 X
<70> M_EI_NA_1 X
<100> C_IC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<101> C_CI_NA_1 X X X X X X
<102> C_RD_NA_1 X
<103> C_CS_NA_1 X X X X X
<104> C_TS_NA_1 X X X X X
<105> C_RP_NA_1 X
<106> C_CD_NA_1 X X X
<110> P_ME_NA_1 X
<111> P_ME_NB_1 X
<112> P_ME_NC_1 X
<113> P_AC_NA_1 X
<120> F_FR_NA_1 X X X X
<121> F_SR_NA_1 X X X X
<122> F_SC_NA_1 X X X X
<123> F_LS_NA_1 X X X X
<124> F_AF_NA_1 X X X X
<125> F_SG_NA_1 X X X X
<126> F_DR_TA_1 X X
<136> M_DB_NA_1 X
<137> C_RC_NB_1 X X X X X X X X
4.4.6 BASIC APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

Station initialisation
(station-specific parameter, mark ‘X’ if function is used)
Remote initialisation
between Reset User ASDU’s
Cyclic data transmission
⌧ Cyclic data transmission

Read procedure

Read procedure
Spontaneous transmission
⌧ Spontaneous transmission
Link state between Controlling and Controlled Station
⌧ Management of the COM lost (Problem detecting on the link)
⌧ Management of the COM recovering (Problem not detecting on the link)

General interrogation
⌧ global
⌧ group 1 ⌧ group 7 ⌧ group 13
⌧ group 5 ⌧ group 11 Addresses per group have to be defined
⌧ group 6 ⌧ group 12
Counter General interrogation
⌧ global
⌧ group 4
Clock synchronisation
⌧ Clock synchronisation
Notes:
– The controlled station does not report the change of hour by sending a clock synchronisation message
(ASDU 103) to the controlling station.
– When the controlling station send to controlled station a clock synchronisation and if the system (includes
controlled station), is not synchronized by an other source: the clock synchronisation response is positive.
– When the controlling station send to controlled station a clock synchronisation and if the system (includes
controlled station), is synchronized by an other source: the clock synchronisation response is negative.
Command transmission
(object -specific parameter, mark each type ID ‘X’ if it is only used in the standard direction, ‘R’ if only used in

⌧ Direct command transmission
⌧ Direct set-point command transmission
⌧ Select and execute command
⌧ Select and execute set-point command
⌧ C_SE ACTTERM used
⌧ No additional definition
Short pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation)
Long pulse duration (duration determined by a system parameter in the outstation)
Persistent output
Transmission of integrated totals
⌧ Mode A: local freeze with spontaneous transmission
Mode B: local freeze with counter interrogation
⌧ Mode C: freeze and transmit by counter interrogation commands
Mode D: freeze by counter interrogation command, frozen values reported spontaneously

(object -specific parameter)
⌧ Counter read ⌧ General request counter
⌧ Counter freeze without reset ⌧ Request counter group 1
⌧ Counter freeze with reset ⌧ Request counter group 2
⌧ Counter reset ⌧ Request counter group 3
⌧ Request counter group 4

Parameter loading
(object-specific parameter, mark each type ID ‘X’ if it is only used in the standard direction, ‘R’ if only used in
Threshold value
Smoothing factor
Low limit for transmission of measured value
High limit for transmission of measured value

Parameter activation
Act-/deact-ivation of persistent cyclic or periodic transmission of the addressed object

Test procedure
⌧ Test procedure
File transfer
(station-specific parameter), mark ‘X’ if function is used)
File transfert in monitor direction
⌧ Transparent file
Transmission of disturbance data of protection equipment
⌧ Transmission of sequences of events
Transmission of sequences of recorded analogue values

File transfer in control direction
Transparent file
Background scan
⌧ Background scan
Acquisition of transmission delay

Management events priorities
Digitals Inputs and Analogs Inputs, management events priorities.
See T101 standard Amendment 2, section 7.2.2.2

4.4.7 PROTOCOL REQUIREMENTS

Class 1 data
The following types of information must be configured at the controlled station to be Class 1:
• Single point information with or without time tag (on change)

• Double point information with or without time tag (on change)
• Step position information with or without time tag (on change)
• Measured value, normalised with or without time tag (on change)
• Measured value, scaled with or without time tag (on change)
• Measured value, floated with or without time tag (on change)
• Integrated totals with or without time tag (on change)
• Time messages
• All command responses (ACT_CONF, and ACT_TERM)
Class 2 data
The following types of information must be configured at the controlled station to be Class 2:
• Single point information (GI scan, or BackGroundScan cycle)

• Double point information (GI scan, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Step position information (GI scan, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Measured values, normalised (GI scan, or Periodic cycle, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Measured values, scaled (GI scan, or Periodic cycle, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Measured values, floated (GI scan, or Periodic cycle, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Integrated totals (Counter GI scan)
4.4.8 APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

The following IEC-60870-5-5 standard application processes are supported.
Station Initialisation
Station initialisation consists of a reset of the communications link (a Reset CU frame and Time
Synchronisation message are sent to the station), followed by a general interrogation of the controlled
station. Once this initialisation sequence is performed the controlling station can start the polling for data
report.
Communications failure
Communications to the controlled station must be re-initialised by the controlling station when the frame
repeat process has completed without successfully transmitting the frame (ie the frame time-out period times
the number of repeats).
If the controlled station fails to communicate with the controlling station then the controlling station should
perform a communications system initialisation for that controlled station.
Controlled station failure
The controlled station shall indicate to the controlling station that it has initialised by sending a frame
indicating End of Initialisation with a Cause Of Initialisation (COI) field, which will identify the reason for the
initialisation in unbalanced mode only).

Data Acquisition by Polling

The default for all analogue values shall be reporting as Class 2 data (COT=1, periodic/cyclic, or COT = 2,
BackgroundScan cyclic).
Values returned as Class 2 data do not have a time tag (since they are constantly repeated).
The controlled station may return Class 1 data in response to a Class 2 request if no Class 2 data is
available and Class 1 data is awaiting transmission.
At the controlled station, if a request for Class 2 data is received and no data is available, a negative
response, data not available, is returned to the controlling Station. The negative response might be a fixed
length frame (FC=9), which in this event is treated as a NACK.
Normal Acquisition of Events
The default for all status changes are reported as Class 1 data (COT=3, spontaneous).
Values returned as Class 1 data have a time tag (either CP24Time2a, or CP56Time2a).
Status changes at the controlled station causes the ACD bit to be set in the next Class 1 or Class 2 data
response. The controlling station responds to ACD set by inserting a scan for Class 1 (spontaneous) data as
the next scan.
The response to a Class 1 data request has also the ACD bit set if more Class 1 data is awaiting
transmission. In this case a further scan for Class 1 data is scheduled by the controlling station.
Abnormal Acquisition of Events
At the controlled station, if a request for Class 1 data is received and no data is available an error must be
raised and a negative response, data not available, returned to the controlling Station. The negative
response is a fixed length frame (FC=9), which in this case is treated as a NACK.
At the controlling station, if a response to a scan for Class 1 data indicates no data is available an error is
raised and scanning returned to Class 2 data requests.
General Interrogation
The GI returns the current status information directly from the C26x database.
Time tags are not used for data items returned as part of the GI response.
The GI groups are supported so, these are set up in the C26x configuration and each of the (up to 16)
groups is requested/reported individually.
The System (including the controlled station) may have different synchronisation sources (IRIG-B, SCADA).
When the controlling station sends to controlled station a clock synchronisation:
• if the system is not synchronized by another source: clock synchronisation response is positive
• if the system is synchronized by another source: clock synchronisation response is negative
All Class 1 data are time-tagged with:
• either the 3 bytes time-stamp (CP24Time2a), giving minutes & millisec within the hour,
• or the 7 bytes time-stamp (CP56Time2a), giving minutes, milliseconds, hours, day, month and year
according to the C26x configuration.
The invalid bit in the time-stamp is set when the C26x is not synchronised.
All control commands are Select before Execute, or Direct Execute.
For only the control commands: Activation termination is returned to the controlling station to signal the end
of a control sequence.
The QU field of the Qualifier of Command is set to zero (0), no additional definition.

Test procedure
A test command may be issued by the controlling station to ensure the availability of the communications link
and the commands subsystem.
Test commands are received at the controlled station on the active link. The controlled station mirrors the
test command, on the link from which it was received, with a cause of transmission indicating activation
confirmation.
An error response must be sent if the command is incorrect, with a cause of transmission indicating negative
activation confirmation.
4.4.9 FRAME EXAMPLE

ASDU1: Single-point information without time tag
TYPE IDENT 1: M_SP_NA_1
Sequence of information objects (SQ = 0)
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 TYPE IDENTIFICATION
SQ Number i of objects VARIABLE STRUCTURE QUALIFIER
T P/N 5 Cause 0 CAUSE OF TRANSMISSION DATA UNIT
2 2
1 byte (can be two) COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU IDENTIFIER

1..254, 255 = global address
7 0 INFORMATION OBJECT ADDRESS
B B
15 8 INFORMATION
B B
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI SIQ = Single-point information with quality OBJECT 1

descriptor, see below.
7 0 INFORMATION OBJECT ADDRESS

B B
15 8 INFORMATION
B B
IV NT SB BL 0 0 0 SPI SIQ = Single-point information with quality OBJECT i

descriptor, see below.
M_SP_NA_1 := CP{Data unit identifier, i(Information object address, SIQ)}

i := number of objects defined in the variable structure qualifier
Quality descriptor
BL = BLOCKED/NOT BLOCKED
The value of the INFORMATION OBJECT is blocked for transmission; the value remains in the state that
was acquired before it was blocked. Blocking and deblocking may be initiated e.g. by a local lock or a local
automatic cause.
SB = SUBSTITUTED/NOT SUBSTITUTED
The value of the INFORMATION OBJECT is provided by input of an operator (dispatcher) or by an automatic
source.
NT = NOT TOPICAL/TOPICAL
A value is topical if the most recent update was successful. It is not topical if it was not updated successfully
during a specified time interval or it is unavailable.
IV = INVALID/VALID

A value is valid if it was correctly acquired. After the acquisition function recognises abnormal conditions of
the information source (missing or non operating updating devices), the value is then marked invalid. The
value of the INFORMATION OBJECT is not defined under this condition. The mark INVALID is used to
indicate to the destination that the value may be incorrect and cannot be used.
4.5 SLAVE IEC 60870-5-104 SERVER PROFILE

This companion standard presents sets of parameters and alternatives from which subsets have to be
selected to implement particular telecontrol systems. Certain parameter values, such as the choice of
“structured” or “unstructured” fields of the INFORMATION OBJECT ADDRESS of ASDU represent mutually
exclusive alternatives. This means that only one value of the defined parameters is admitted per system.
summarises the parameters of the previous clauses to facilitate a suitable selection for a specific application.
Paragraph in grey are those which are not applicable for the IEC 60870-5-104 profile.
The selected parameters should be filled up ( --> z).
Note:
In addition, the full specification of a system may require individual selection of certain parameters for certain parts of
the system, such as the individual selection of scaling factors for individually addressable measured values.
To simplify the PID , we use the following conventions:
Not supported
z Supported
4.5.1 SYSTEM OR DEVICE

System definition
z Controlled station definition (Slave)
4.5.2 NETWORK CONFIGURATION (NETWORK-SPECIFIC PARAMETER)

Point-to-point Multipoint-party line
Multiple point-to-point Multipoint-star
4.5.3 PHYSICAL LAYER (NETWORK-SPECIFIC PARAMETER)

Transmission speed (control direction):
Unbalanced interchange Unbalanced interchange Balanced interchange
circuit V.24/V.28 circuit V.24/V.28 circuit X.24/X.27, V35
Standard Recommended if >1 200 bit/s
100 bit/s 2 400 bit/s 2 400 bit/s
200 bit/s 4 800 bit/s 4 800 bit/s
300 bit/s 9 600 bit/s 9 600 bit/s
600 bit/s 19 200 bit/s 19 200 bit/s
1 200 bit/s 38 400 bit/s
56 000 bit/s
64 000 bit/s

Transmission speed (monitor direction):

Unbalanced interchange Unbalanced interchange Balanced interchange
circuit V.24/V.28 circuit V.24/V.28 circuit X.24/X.27, V35
Standard Recommended if >1 200 bit/s
100 bit/s 2 400 bit/s 2 400 bit/s

200 bit/s 4 800 bit/s 4 800 bit/s
300 bit/s 9 600 bit/s 9 600 bit/s
600 bit/s 19 200 bit/s 19 200 bit/s
1 200 bit/s 38 400 bit/s
56 000 bit/s
64 000 bit/s
4.5.4 LINK LAYER (NETWORK SPECIFIC PARAMETER)

(Network-specific parameter, all options that are used should be filled up ( --> z). Specify the maximum
frame length. If a non-standard assignment of class 2 messages is implemented for unbalanced
transmission, indicate the type ID and COT of all messages assigned to class 2.)
companion standard.
Balanced transmission Not present (balanced transmission only)
Unbalanced transmission One octet
Two octets
Structured
Unstructured
Frame length
_255_ Maximum length L (number of bytes)
When using an unbalanced link layer, the following ASDU types are returned in class 2 messages (low
priority) with the indicated causes of transmission:
The standard assignment of ASDUs to class 2 messages is used as follows:
Type Identification Cause of transmission
9,11,13,21 <1>
A special assignment of ASDUs to class 2 messages is used as follows:
Type Identification Cause of transmission
1,3,5 <20> to <41>
Note:
In response to a class 2 poll, a controlled station prevent the controlling station with ACD parameter, when there is no
class 2 data available.

4.5.5 PROTOCOL REQUIREMENTS
4.5.5.1 EVENT
The following types of information are to be configured at the controlled station to be Event:
• Single point information with or without time tag (on change)

• Double point information with or without time tag (on change)
• Step position information with or without time tag (on change)
• Measured value, normalised with or without time tag (on change)
• Measured value, scaled with or without time tag (on change)
• Measured value, floated with or without time tag (on change)
• Integrated totals with or without time tag (on change)
4.5.5.2 STATIC
The following types of information are to be configured at the controlled station to be Static:
• Single point information (GI scan, or BackGroundScan cycle)

• Double point information (GI scan, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Measured values, normalised (GI scan, or Periodic cycle, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Measured values, scaled (GI scan, or Periodic cycle, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Measured values, floated (GI scan, or Periodic cycle, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Step position values (GI scan, or BackGroundScan cycle)
• Integrated totals (Counter GI scan)
4.5.6 APPLICATION LAYER

companion standard.
(System specific parameter)
The address field of the link and the common address of ASDU could have a different number of bytes
One octet z Two octets

(System specific parameter)
One octet z Structured
Two octets z Unstructured
z Three octets

(System-specific parameter)
One octet z Two octets (with originator address)
Length of APDU
(System-specific parameter)
The maximum length of APDU is 253 (default). The maximum length may be reduced by the system.
Configurable Maximum length of APDU per system

(Station-specific parameter)
z <1>: = Single-point information M-SP-NA-1
<2>: = Single-point information with time tag M-SP-TA-1
z <3>: = Double-point information M-DP-NA-1
<4>: = Double-point information with time tag M-DP-TA-1
z <5>: = Step position information M-ST-NA-1
<6>: = Step position information with time tag M-ST-TA-1
<7>: = Bit-string of 32 bit M-BO-NA-1
<8>: = Bit-string of 32 bit with time tag M-BO-TA-1
z <9>: = Measured value, normalised value M-ME-NA-1
<10>: = Measured value, normalised value with time tag M-ME-TA-1
z <11>: = Measured value, scaled value M-ME-NB-1
<12>: = Measured value, scaled value with time tag M-ME-TB-1
z <13>: = Measured value, short floating point value M-ME-NC-1
<14>: = Measured value, short floating point value with time tag M-ME-TC-1
z <15>: = Integrated totals M-IT-NA-1
<16>: = Integrated totals with time tag M-IT-TA-1
<17>: = Event of protection equipment with time tag M-EP-TA-1
<18>: = Packed starts events of protection equipment with time tag M-EP-TB-1
<19>: = Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag M-EP-TC-1
<20>: = Packed single-point information with status change detection M-PS-NA-1
<21>: = Measured value, normalised value without quality descriptor M-ME-ND-1
Process information in monitor direction with the Extension of time tag

z <30>: = Single-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M-SP-TB-1
z <31>: = Double-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M-DP-TB-1
z <32>: = Step position information with time tag CP56Time2a M-ST-TB-1
<33>: = Bit-string of 32 bit with time tag CP56Time2a M-BO-TB-1
z <34>: = Measured value, normalised value with time tag CP56Time2a M-ME-TD-1
z <35>: = Measured value, scaled value with time tag CP56Time2a M-ME-TE-1
z <36>: = Measured value, short floating point value, time tag CP56Time2a M-ME-TF-1
z <37>: = Integrated totals with time tag CP56Time2a M-IT-TB-1

<38>: = Event of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M-EP-TD-1

z <39>: = Packed start event of protection equipment, time tag CP56Time2a M-EP-TE-1
z <40>: = Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag M-EP-TF-1
CP56Time2a

(station specific parameter)
z <45>: = Single command C-SC-NA-1
z <46>: = Double command C-DC-NA-1
z <47>: = Regulating step command C-RC-NA-1
z <48>: = Set point command normalised value C-SE-NA-1
z <49>: = Set point command scaled value C-SE-NB-1
z <50>: = Set point command, short floating point value C-SE-NC-1
<51>: = Bit-string of 32 bit C-BO-NA-1
z <58>: = Single command with time tag CP56Time2a C_SC_TA_1
z <59>: = Double command with time tag CP56Time2a C_DC_TA_1
z <60>: = Regulating step command with time tag CP56Time2a C_RC_TA_1
z <61>: = Set point command normalized value with time tag CP56Time2a C_SE_TA_1
z <62>: = Set point command scaled value with time tag CP56Time2a C_SE_TB_1
z <63>: = Set point command short floating point value with time tag CP56Time2a C_SE_TC_1
<64>: = Bitstring of 32 bits with time tag CP56Time2a C_BO_TA_1
Note:
Time tag command (ASDU 58 to 63) are managed as standard command (ASDU 45 to 50), i.e. the time tag is not
used.

z <70>: = End of initialisation M-EI-NA-1

(station-specific parameter)
z <100>: = Interrogation commands C-IC-NA-1
z <101>: = Counter interrogation command C-CI-NA-1
<102>: = Read command C-RD-NA-1
z <103>: = Clock synchronisation command C-CS-NA-1
<104>: = Test command C-TS-NA-1
z <105>: = Reset process command C-RP-NA-1
<106>: = Delay acquisition command C-CD-NA-1
z <107>: = Test command with time tag CP56time2a C-TS-TA-1


<110>: = Parameter of measured value, normalised value P-ME-NA-1
<111>: = Parameter of measured value, scaled value P-ME-NB-1
<112>: = Parameter of measured value, short floating point value P-ME-NC-1
<113>: = Parameter activation P-AC-NA-1
File transfer
z <120>: = File ready F-FR-NA-1
z <121>: = Section ready F-SR-NA-1
z <122>: = Call directory, select file, call file, call section F-SC-NA-1
z <123>: = Last section, last segment F-LS-NA-1
z <124>: = Ack file, ack section F-AF-NA-1
z <125>: = Segment F-SG-NA-1
z <126>: = Directory F-DR-TA-1
File transfer is only implemented in PC-hosted gateway.
Special use
(private range)
z <136>: = Data base version M-DB-NA-1
z <137>: = Regulating delay command C-RC-NB-1
z <138>: = Regulating delay command with time tag CP56Time2a C-RC-TB-1

(station specific parameters)
X Mark type identification/cause of transmission combinations: ‘X’ if used
Shaded boxes are not required
. Required in 1995 standard, suppressed in 2000.

20 37
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 to to 44 45 46 47
36 41
<1> M_SP_NA_1 X X X X X
<2> M_SP_TA_1
<3> M_DP_NA_1 X X X X X
<4> M_DP_TA_1 .
<5> M_ST_NA_1 X X X X X
<6> M_ST_TA_1 .
<7> M_BO_NA_1
<8> M_BO_TA_1
<10> M_ME_TA_1


<12> M_ME_TB_1
<14> M_ME_TC_1
<15> M_IT_NA_1 X X
<16> M_IT_TA_1
<17> M_EP_TA_1
<18> M_EP_TB_1
<19> M_EP_TC_1
<20> M_PS_NA_1
<21> M_ME_ND_1
<30> M_SP_TB_1 X X X
<31> M_DP_TB_1 X X X
<32> M_ST_TB_1 X X X
<33> M_BO_TB_1
<34> M_ME_TD_1 X
<35> M_ME_TE_1 X
<36> M_ME_TF_1 X
<37> M_IT_TB_1 X X
<38> M_EP_TD_1
<39> M_EP_TE_1 X
<40> M_EP_TF_1 X
<45> C_SC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<46> C_DC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<47> C_RC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<48> C_SE_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<49> C_SE_NB_1 X X X X X X X X
<50> C_SE_NC_1 X X X X X X X X
<51> C_BO_NA_1
<58> C_SC_TA_1 X X X X X X X X
<59> C_DC_TA_1 X X X X X X X X
<60> C_RC_TA_1 X X X X X X X X
<61> C_SE_TA_1 X X X X X X X X
<62> C_SE_TB_1 X X X X X X X X
<63> C_SE_TC_1 X X X X X X X X
<64> C_BO_TA_1
<70> M_EI_NA_1 X
<100> C_IC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X
<101> C_CI_NA_1 X X X X X X
<102> C_RD_NA_1
<103> C_CS_NA_1 X X X X X
<104> C_TS_NA_1
<105> C_RP_NA_1
<106> C_CD_NA_1


<107> C_TS_TA_1 X X X
<110> P_ME_NA_1
<111> P_ME_NB_1
<112> P_ME_NC_1
<113> P_AC_NA_1
<120> F_FR_NA_1 X X
<121> F_SR_NA_1 X X
<122> F_SC_NA_1 X X X
<123> F_LS_NA_1 X X
<124> F_AF_NA_1 X X
<125> F_SG_NA_1 X X
<126> F_DR_TA_1 X X
<136> M_DB_NA_1
<137> C_RC_NB_1 X X X X X X X X
<138> C_RC_TB_1 X X X X X X X X
• COT <45>:= Unknown Cause of Transmission
4.5.7 BASIC APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

(Station specific parameter)
z Remote initialisation
(Between Reset User ASDU’s).
z Cyclic data transmission
(It’s the same cyclic for all data).
Read procedure
Read procedure
z Spontaneous transmission
Double transmission of information objects with cause of transmission spontaneous

(station specific parameter), each information is marked where both a Type ID without time and
corresponding Type ID with time are issued in response to a single spontaneous change of a monitored
object
The following type identifications may be transmitted in succession caused by a single status change of an
information object. The particular information object addresses for which double transmission is enabled are
defined in a project-specific list.
Single point information M_SP_NA_1, M_SP_TA_1, M_SP_TB_1, M_PS_NA_1
Double point information M_DP_NA_1, M_DP_TA_1 and M_DP_TB_1

Step position information M_ST_NA_1, M_ST_TA_1 and M_ST_TB_1

Bitstring of 32 bit M_BO_NA_1, M_BO_TA_1 and M_BO_TB_1 (if defined for a specific
project)
Measured value, normalized value M_ME_NA_1, M_ME_TA_1, M_ME_ND_1 and M_ME_TD_1
Measured value, scaled value M_ME_NB_1, M_ME_TB_1 and M_ME_TE_1
Measured value, short floating M_ME_NC_1, M_ME_TC_1 and M_ME_TF_1
point number
(System or station-specific parameter)
z Global
z Group 1 z Group 7 z Group 13
z Group 5 z Group 11
z Group 6 z Group 12 Information Object Addresses
assigned to each group must be
shown in a separate table
(System or station specific parameter)
z Global
z Group 1 z Group 3
z Group 2 z Group 4
z Clock synchronisation
(Object specific parameter)
z Direct command transmission z Select and execute command
z Direct set point command transmission z Select and execute set point
command
z C-SE ACTTERM used
z No additional definition
Persistent output

(Station or object-specific parameter)
z Mode A: local freeze with spontaneous.
Mode B: local freeze with counter.

z Mode C: freeze and transmit by counter interrogation.

Mode D: freeze by counter interrogation command, frozen values reported.
z Counter read z General request counter
z Counter freeze without reset z Request counter group 1
z Counter freeze with reset z Request counter group 2
z Counter reset z Request counter group 3
z Request counter group 4
Parameter loading
(Object-specific parameter)
Threshold value
Smoothing factor
(Object-specific parameter)
Act/Desactivation of persistent cyclic or periodic transmission of the addressed object
Test procedure
z Test procedure
File transfer
File transfer in monitor direction
z Transparent file
Transmission of disturbance data of protection equipment
z Transmission of sequences of events
Only in PC-hosted gateway

z Transparent file
Background scan
z Background scan



Digital Inputs, Step-position, Analogues Inputs and Integrated Totals, management events
priorities.
Definition of time outs

Parameter Default value Remarks Selected value
t0 30s Time out of connection establishment configurable
t1 15s Time out of send or test APDUs configurable
Time out for acknowledges in case of no data messages
t2 10s configurable
t2 < t1
Time out for sending test frames in case of a long idle
t3 20s configurable
state
Maximum range of values for all time outs: 1 to 255 s, accuracy 1 s

Maximum number of outstanding I format APDUs k and latest acknowledge
Parameter Default value Remarks Selected value
Maximum difference receive sequence number to send
K 12 APDUs configurable
state variable
W 8 APDUs Latest acknowledge after receiving w I-format APDUs configurable
Maximum range of values k: 1 to 255 APDUs, accuracy 1 APDU
Maximum range of values w: 1 to 255 APDUs, accuracy 1 APDU (Recommendation: w should not exceed
2/3 of k).
Portnumber
Parameter Value Remarks
Portnumber 2404 In all cases, but configurable in Registry (only for Gateway PC)
RFC 2200 suite

RFC 2200 is an official Internet Standard which describes the state of standardization of protocols used in
the Internet as determined by the Internet Architecture Board (IAB). It offers a broad spectrum of actual
standards used in the Internet. The suitable selection of documents from RFC 2200 defined in this standard
for given projects has to be chosen by the user of this standard.
z Ethernet 802.3
Serial X.21 interface
Other selection from RFC 2200
4.5.8 FRAME EXAMPLE

Binary counter reading
BCR:= CP40{Counter reading, Sequence notation}
Counter reading:= I32[1..32]<–231..+231–1> (Type 2.1)
Sequence notation:= CP8{SQ,CY,CA,IV}
bit description type value
0…4 SQ SeQuence number UI5[33..37]<0..31> (Type 1.1)

bit description type value

<0>:= no counter overflow
occurred in the corresponding
CarrY (counter overflow occurs when integration period
5 CY the value increments from +231–1 to BS1[38]<0..1> (Type 6)
zero or from –231 to zero) <1>:= counter overflow occurred
in the corresponding integration
period
Counter Adjustment (the counter is <0>:= counter was not adjusted
considered to have been adjusted if it is since last reading
6 CA BS1[39]<0..1> (Type 6)
initialized to some value, e.g. set to <1>:= counter was adjusted since
zero or another value at startup). last reading
<0>:= counter reading is valid
7 IV invalid BS1[40]<0..1> (Type 6)
<1>:= counter reading is invalid
Example: Adjusted, valid => 0x40

Note: CA, CY and IV are only modified when the value is determined. This may be in
response to a counter interrogation command or in response to an automatic internal function that performs
the counter freeze or freeze and reset command.
4.6 SLAVE MODBUS (MODICON) PROFILE

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the support of the MODBUS RTU protocol in the Alstom DS Agile
system.
The MODBUS RTU protocol defines a message structure that controllers will recognise and use. It describes
the process a controller uses to request access to another device, how it will respond to requests from other
devices, and how errors will be detected.
4.6.1 INTRODUCING MODBUS

Controllers communicate using a master-slave scheme, in which only the master (called SCADA) can initiate
requests. The MODBUS gateway is a slave device that responds by supplying the requested data to the
master.
Transmission mode used is the MODBUS RTU. Queries and replies have the same format on a master-
slave query-response cycle:
Query message from Server Response message from Slave
Function code Function code
Eight-bit Data bytes Eight-bit data bytes
Error check Error check
4.6.1.1 DEVICE ADDRESS FIELD

The device address field of a message frame contains eight bits. Valid slave device addresses in queries are
in the range 0 – 247, but individual slave devices are assigned addresses in the range 1- 247 and address 0
is reserved for broadcast operations.
The device address field of a message frame always identifies a slave (slave destination in master to slave
queries and slave source in slave to master responses).
If the gateway receives a frame with a broadcast device address, no reply is returned.
If the gateway receives a frame with a not expected device address, no reply is returned.
4.6.1.2 FUNCTION CODE FIELD

The function code field of a message frame contains eight bits. Valid codes are in the range 1-255.

In master to slave queries, the function code identifies the operation that is to be executed by the slave.
In slave to master responses, the function code is used to indicate either a normal (error-free) response or a
failure of the operation execution (called an exception response). For a normal response, the slave simply
echoes the original function code. For an exception response, the slave returns a code that is equivalent to
the original function code with its MSB set to 1. In addition to the modification of the function code the slave
places a unique code into the data field of the response message, which identifies the reason for the
exception.
4.6.1.3 DATA FIELD

The data field of a message frame is constructed using sets of two hexadecimal digits, in the range 00h to
FFh.
In master to slave queries, the data field contains additional information to be used by the slave to execute
the operation defined by the function code.
In slave to master responses, the data field contains the data requested by the master.
The data field can be non-existent in some kind of messages.
4.6.1.4 ERROR CHECK FIELD

The error-checking field contains a 16-bit value implemented as two 8-bit bytes [low significant byte first].
The error check value is the result of a Cyclical Redundancy Check [CRC] calculation performed on the
message contents.
The gateway does not reply to corrupted data messages, i.e when the CRC is not correct or when parity is
not correct.
4.6.2 SLAVE RESPONSES
4.6.2.1 WHEN THE SLAVE ANSWERS

Except for broadcast messages (no response in this case), when a master device sends a query to a slave
device it expects a normal response.
One of four possible events can occur from the master’s query:
• If the slave device receives the query without communication error, and can handle the query
normally, it returns a normal response.
• If the slave does not receive the query due to a communication error, no response is returned. The
master program will process a timeout condition for query.
• If the slave receives the query, but detect a communication error [bad CRC or framing error for
example], no response is returned. The master program will process a timeout condition for query.
• If the slave device receives the query without communication error, but cannot handle it, the salve will
return an exception response informing the master of the nature of the error.
4.6.2.2 EXCEPTION RESPONSES CODES

The exception code is sent as an 8-bit data, the range of valid codes is 1-8 in the protocol.
Supported exception responses codes are:
Code Name Meaning
The function code received in the query is not an allowable action for the slave.
An illegal function will be send in the main following cases:
01 ILLEGAL FUNCTION
An unsupported request [ see after, the table with the functions supported ]
An unsupported sub-function code for Diagnostic request

Code Name Meaning

The data address received in the query is not an allowable address for the slave.
An illegal data address will be send in the main following cases:
A read coil / input status starting to a none existent point in configuration
02 ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS A read holding registers / input registers starting to a none existent point in
configuration
A force coil / multiple coils request starting on an non-configured address.
A preset single / multiple register(s) on an non-configured point
A value contained in the query data field is not an allowable value for the slave.
An illegal data value exception will be send in the main following cases:
03 ILLEGAL DATA VALUE An illegal value received in force coils request (so value different from FF00h and
0000h)
Illegal count value for multiple preset registers
04 SLAVE DEVICE FAILURE Not used in the gateway
05 ACKNOWLEDGE Not used in the gateway
06 SLAVE DEVICE BUSY Not used in the gateway
The slave cannot perform the program function received in the query.
A negative acknowledge will be send in the main following cases:
Some errors in the frame
07 NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE
A read coil / input status on more than 2000 points
Force coil refused if command is incorrect or cannot be executed (equipment absent,
invalid, in local, …)
08 MEMORY PARITY ERROR Not used in the gateway
4.6.3 SERIAL TRANSMISSION MODE

When messages are transmitted on standard MODBUS serial networks, each byte is sent LSB first.
The format for each byte in MODBUS RTU mode is:
• Coding system: 8-bit binary, hexadecimal 0-9, A-F

Two hexadecimal characters contained in each 8-bit field of the message
• Bits per Byte: 1 start bit8 data bits,

LSB sent first2 stop bits if no parity, or 1 parity bit and 1 stop bit)
• Error Check Field: Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC-16)
4.6.4 MODBUS FUNCTIONS

MODBUS defines 24 functions, valid codes are in the range of 1-24.
4.6.4.1 SUPPORTED FUNCTIONS

Code Function name Supported
01 READ COIL STATUS [ identical to function code 02 ] YES
02 READ INPUT STATUS [ identical to function code 01 ] YES
03 READ HOLDING REGISTERS [ identical to function code 04 ] YES
04 READ INPUT REGISTERS [ identical to function code 03 ] YES
05 FORCE SINGLE COIL YES
06 PRESET SINGLE REGISTER YES
07 READ EXCEPTION STATUS YES

Code Function name Supported

08 DIAGNOSTICS [ only sub function 0 is supported ] YES
09 PROGRAM 484 NO
10 POLL 484 NO
11 FETCH COMM. EVENT CTR. NO
12 FETCH COMM. EVENT LOG NO
13 PROGRAM CONTROLLER NO
14 POLL CONTROLLER NO
15 FORCE MULTIPLE COILS [ identical to function code 05, one point only ] YES
16 PRESET MULTIPLE REGISTERS [ identical to function code 06, one point only ] YES
17 REPORT SLAVE ID NO
18 PROGRAM 884/M84 NO
19 RESET COMM. LINK NO
20 READ GENERAL REFERENCE NO
21 WRITE GENERAL REFERENCE NO
22 MASK WRITE 4X REGISTER NO
23 READ/WRITE 4X REGISTERS NO
24 READ FIFO QUEUE NO
4.6.4.2 GENERAL FORMAT OF MODBUS FUNCTIONS

A query message typically contains some of the following 8-bit fields:
• Starting Address Hi
• Starting Address Lo
• No. of Registers / Points Hi
• No. of Registers / Points Lo
• Force / Preset Data Hi
• Force / Preset Data Lo
A response message typically contains some of the following fields:
• Byte Count *
• Data
• Data Hi
• Data Lo
• No. of Registers / Points Hi
• No. of Registers / Points Lo
• Force / Preset Data Hi
• Force / Preset Data Lo
(*) Byte Count Field:A Byte Count Field is used in slave responses to indicate the number of 8-bit bytes in
the Data field; the value is exclusive of all other field contents, including the Byte Count field.

4.6.4.3 MODBUS DATA ADDRESSES

Point addresses in the data field are 16-bit values in the range 0 – 65535 for each item type.
That’s means that you can have a coil item configured at address 100 for example, and a holding register
item configured at address 100 too.
Starting addresses in queries from SCADA may begin from address 0.
Example: request to read the 16 first coils on device 17.
Slave address 11
Function 01
Starting Address HI 00
Starting address LO 00
Number of points HI 00
Number of points LO 10
CRC XX
4.6.5 FUNCTION 01 / 02: READ COIL STATUS – READ INPUT STATUS

The request function 01 or 02 reads the ON / OFF status of digital inputs in the slave. These status may be
any digital points (physical, automations, system information, grouping, …).
These two functions are the only way to read digital points with the MODBUS protocol. Sequence of events,
digital flags (validity, topical, ..) are not supported.
This is equal using the Read Coil Status request or the Read Input Status request.
Broadcast is not supported.
Addresses in frames may start from 0…65535.
Query:
Starting Starting
Slave Function Code No. of No. of CRC CRC
Address Address
Address = 01 Points (H) Points (L) (L) (H)
(H) (L)
The query message specifies the starting coil address and the quantity of coils to be read.
Response:
Slave Function Code Byte Count Data Byte Data Byte Data Byte CRC CRC
Address = 01 = <nbytes> #1 #i #nbytes (L) (H)
The coil or status in the response message is packed as one coil per bit of the data field.
Digital inputs can be single (coded on one bit) or double (in this case 1 or 2 bits defined in configuration).
For Single DI or Double DI coded on one bit, status is indicated as: 1 = ON, 0 = OFF.
For double DI coded on two bits, status indicates: [open contact, closed contact] = [0,1] for open, [1,0] for
closed, [0,0] for jammed], [1,1] for the other states
The less significant bit of the first data byte contains the coil addressed in the query. The other coils follow
toward the high order end of this byte, and from 'low order to high order' in subsequent bytes, as described in
the frame example.

Important notes:
- If the returned coil quantity is not a multiple of eight, the remaining bits in the final byte will be padded with
zeros (toward the high order end of the byte). The Byte Count Field specifies the quantity of complete bytes of data.
For easiest understanding between the gateway and the SCADA, it is recommended to read a number of points which
is a multiple of 8.
- If the starting address is not a point in configuration, the message will be not be accepted, and an error
exception 2 will be returned.
- If the starting address is in configuration and if there is some “holes” (addresses not in configuration) theses
holes will be padded with 0 (i.e value OFF).
4.6.6 FUNCTION 03 / 04: READ HOLDING REGISTERS / INPUT REGISTERS

The request function 03 or 04 reads the values of analogue inputs, tap position and counters values in the
slave.
In case of tap position and counters values, only natural coding is supported.
These two functions are the only way to read registers points with the MODBUS protocol. Flags (validity,
topical, ..) are not supported in the MODBUS protocol base.
This is equal using the Read Holding Registers request or the Read Input Registers request.
Broadcast is not supported.
Addresses in frames may start from 0…65535.
Query:
Starting Starting
Slave Function Code No. of No. of CRC CRC
Address Address
Address = 03 Points (H) Points (L) (L) (H)
(H) (L)
The query message specifies the starting register and the quantity of registers to be read.
Response:
Function Byte Data Data Data Data Data Data

Slave Count CRC CRC
code (H) (L) (H) (L) (H) (L)
address = (L) (H)
= 03 <nbytes> #1 #1 #i #i #nbytes/ 2 #nbytes/2
The register data in the response message are packed as two bytes per register, with the binary contents
right justified within each byte. For each register, the first byte contains the high order bits and the second
contains the low order bits.
Important notes:
- If the starting address is not a point in configuration, the message will be not be accepted, and an error
exception 2 will be returned.
- If the starting address is in configuration and if there is some “holes” (addresses not in configuration) theses
holes will be padded with the value 0
4.6.6.1 SIGNED NORMALISED CODING

The signed normalised coding is used to encode the 16 bits-registers. Analogue maximal value will be coded
7FFFh (decimal value + 32767), and minimal value will be coded 8000h (decimal value –32768).

For this mode, the gateway may now code the value on 8 to 16 bits [ low part of the register will be used ].
But, 16 bits is normally the standard to use the full scale conversion.
Example:
in configuration the maximal value for an analogue point is +3000 and minimum value for this analogue is 0.
That means that when the analogue is received with value 0 from the system, the gateway will send to the
SCADA the register with 8000h value. If this analogue is equal to the maximal value +3000, the value sent to
the SCADA is 7FFFh. Calculation is linear for the coding between the min and max values.
4.6.6.2 UNSIGNED NORMALISED CODING

The unsigned normalised coding is used to encode the 16 bits-registers. Analogue maximal value will be
coded FFFFh (decimal value + 65535), and minimal value will be coded 0000h (decimal value 0).
For this mode, the gateway may now code the value on 8 to 16 bits [ low part of the register will be used ].
But, 16 bits is normally the standard to use the full scale conversion.
Example:
in configuration the maximal value for an analogue point is +3000 and minimum value for this analogue is 0.
That means that when the analogue is received with value 0 from the system, the gateway will send to the
SCADA the register with 0h value. If this analogue is equal to the maximal value +3000, the value sent to the
SCADA is FFFFh. Calculation is linear for the coding between the min and max values.
4.6.6.3 NATURAL CODING

The natural coding is used to encode data without any calculation. That’s means that integer value will be
send.
Example:
if the gateway receives the value 10.xxxx, the value 0Ah will be set in the appropriate register. The gateway
receives the value –10,xxxx the value FFF6h will be coded. Sent values are considered as signed values
which are included between –32768 and +32767.
When minimum and maximum values are reached values FFF6h and FFFFh are respectively sent.
4.6.7 FUNCTION 05: FORCE SINGLE COIL

This request function 05 is used to realise a control on an address point.
When broadcast, the function forces the same coil reference in all attached slaves.
Query:
Slave Function Code Point Address Point Address Force Data Force Data CRC CRC
Address = 05 (H) (L) (H) (L) (L) (H)
The query message specifies the coil reference to be forced. Points addresses are between 0…65535. The
requested ON / OFF state is specified by a constant in the query data field.
A value of FF00h requests the coil to be ON.
A value of 0000h requests it to be OFF.
Response:
Address = 05 (H) (L) (H) (L) (L) (H)
The normal response is an echo of the query, returned after the command has been sent to the system.

Note:
If value is incorrect, or if the control is refused for any reason (equipment absent, equipment present and in local mode,
equipment invalid, …) an exception error 7 is returned.
4.6.8 FUNCTION 06: PRESET SINGLE REGISTER

This request function 06 is used to preset a value in a register.
Query:
Address = 06 (H) (L) (H) (L) (L) (H)
The query message specifies the register address to be preset. Points addresses are between 0…65535.
The requested value is specified by in the query data field.
Response:
Address = 06 (H) (L) (H) (L) (L) (H)
The normal response is an echo of the query, returned after the register has been preset.
Note: Only natural setpoints are managed by this function (no scaling is done)
4.6.9 FUNCTION 08: DIAGNOSTIC [SUB-FUNCTION 0 ONLY]

This request function 08 sub-function 0 is used to test the transmission.
Query:
Sub Function Sub Function
Slave Function Code Data Data CRC CRC
code code
Address = 08 (H) (L) (L) (H)
(H) (L)
The query message specifies the data that will be echoed.

Response:
Sub Function Sub Function Echoed Echoed
Slave Function Code CRC CRC
code code Data Data
Address = 08 (L) (H)
(H) (L) (H) (L)
The normal response is an echo of the query with the same data send in the request.
Note: If the sub-function is different from 0, an exception error “illegal function” is returned.

4.6.10 FUNCTION 15: FORCE MULTIPLE COILS

Normally, this request function 15 is used to realise a control on several contiguous addresses.
This function can be used, but only one control can be send at the same time.
Note: Only a count number equal to 1 is allowed, otherwise an exception error 3 will be replied.
4.6.11 FUNCTION 16: PRESET MULTIPLE REGISTERS

Normally, this request function 16 is used to preset on several contiguous addresses.
This function can be used, but only one preset can be send at the same time.
Note: Only a count number equal to 1 is allowed, otherwise an exception error 3 will be replied.

5 COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN A C26X–STANDALONE UNIT

AND A DS AGILE GATEWAY
The Slave profile of the C26x–Standalone unit is the same as for SCADA communications using IEC 60870-
5-101 protocol (T101).

6 COMMUNICATIONS WITH LEGACY IEDS
6.1 OVERVIEW
Different types of IEDs are connected to a C26x through networks using various legacy protocols:
• IEC 60870-5-103 (T103)

• Modbus
• DNP3
• IEC 60870-5-101 (T101)
All these networks use a serial link to communicate with IEDs. As there are several serial links on a C26x, it
is possible to have:
• Different protocols running in parallel on different links

• The same protocol on several links
All these networks use a Master / Slave protocol where the C26x is the Master. So, there are two kinds of
exchange:
• Request / reply
Master emits a request to a slave of its choice and wait for the response. Between master and slave,
only one transaction can be initiated. Then, in order to transmit the same request to two different
slaves, two transactions are required.
• Broadcast
Master transmits a command to all of slaves connected to the network. They perform it without send
any response.
Common features to all IEDs and all protocols are specified below.
Specific features to each protocol are specified in subsequent paragraphs.
6.2 IED COMMON FUNCTIONALITY
6.2.1 INTERFACE TO IEDS
6.2.1.1 INPUT
Data Note
Digital input Treated
Measurement Treated
Default position Depending on the protocol
Counter Treated
Tap position Treated
Control acknowledgement Treated
Setpoint acknowledgement Treated
Alarm Not Treated
Disturbance record Depending on the protocol
Tunnelling Frame response Depending on the protocol

6.2.1.2 OUTPUT
Data Note
Control Treated
Setpoint Depending on the protocol
Alarm acknowledgement Not Treated
Tunnelling Frame question Depending on the protocol
Time synchronisation Treated
6.2.2 BEHAVIOUR
6.2.2.1 NETWORK SUPERVISION

The number of networks and IEDs is known by configuration.
Each network is managed independently of the other networks.
The management of a network consists of:
• Initialising the serial line

At start-up of the network monitoring, the serial line has to be initialised according to the configuration.
• Synchronising the IEDs connected to the network.

• Polling the IEDs
This polling allows to connect IEDs, to exchange data with IEDs and to monitor the connection of
IEDs.
• Performing the monitoring of the each IED connected to this network.

Each IED is managed independently of the other IEDs. The state of each IED, i.e. connected,
disconnected, is monitored and every state change is signalled to the C26x management function.
6.2.2.2 TIME SYNCHRONISATION

If the network has to be synchronised, the synchronisation is performed in one of two ways:
1 At connection of an IED, a synchronisation frame is sent to this IED.
2 Regularly, a synchronisation frame is broadcasted on the network.
When this is supported by the IEDs, the calculation of the transmission delay is performed.
Note:
The synchronisation is a network attribute [not an IED attribute]. That means, that the synchronisation is either sent to
all the IEDs, or is not sent.

6.2.2.3 POLLING OF IEDS

Once the line is initialised, the C26x has to try to connect IEDs and to manage exchanges of data with each
IEDs.
That’s done by polling: cyclically the C26x questions each IED one after the other.
The polling manages the following items:
• Sequencing the interrogation of the IEDs

• Connection of an IED [when a disconnected IED responds, it becomes Connected]
• Repetitions [if an IED does not reply to a request, this request will be repeated the next cycle]
• Disconnection of an IED [after N questions without answer, an IED becomes Disconnected]
• Maximum time to wait for a response
• Minimum time between two frames on the network
• Sending functional requests to IEDs
Optimisation of polling may be done according to the followings ideas:
• When an IED is disconnected, it may be questioned only time to time [not all cycles]
• When an IED has important data to transmit [DI], it may be questioned successively several times
• The maximum time to wait an answer may be configurable
The polling sequencing may be only stopped in the two following cases:
• Time synchronisation
Synchronisation is done periodically by sending a broadcast frame. After the synchronisation frame
has been sent, the polling starts again.
• Remote control to transmit to a slave

Control is a priority request. So, when a control must be sent to an IED, the polling is stopped, the
control is sent and the polling starts again.

6.2.2.4 MONITORING OF AN IED

Each IED is managed according to the following graph:
NOT_
INITIALISED
1
DISCON-
2
NECTED
2
1
CONNECTED
NOT_SYNCHRONISED
12
3 4
IN_SERVICE
5 OUT_OF_
GI
SERVICE
6 7
NORMAL
10 8
11 9 DISTUR-
TUNNELING BANCE
C0109ENa
Description of the possible states of an IED:
• NOT_INITIALISED: That’s the initial state of an IED. The C26x polls the IED every cycle in order to
connect it.
If the IED responds, it becomes CONNECTED 2 .
If after some attempts the IED does not respond, it becomes DISCONNECTED 1 .
• DISCONNECTED: The IED is disconnected. The C26x polls the IED time to time in order to connect it.
If the IED responds, it becomes CONNECTED 2 .
• CONNECTED: The IED is connected. This state includes several states. When an IED becomes
Connected, it goes to the NOT_SYNCHRONISED state.
• NOT_SYNCHRONISED: The IED has just became Connected. It must be synchronised. Once it is
synchronised, according to the information given by the IED, it becomes IN_SERVICE 3 or
OUT_OF_SERVICE 4 . (This information is not available for some protocols. In this case, the IED
becomes IN_SERVICE by default).
• OUT_OF_SERVICE: The IED is connected and says it is Out of service. The C26x polls the IED time
to time waiting for the IED to become IN_SERVICE 5 .
• IN_SERVICE: The IED is connected and it says it is In Service. This state includes several states.
When an IED becomes In Service, it goes to the GI state.
• GI: The IED is In Service and a General Interrogation is in process.

For each information received during the GI, the information becomes available and its state is
transmitted to the application [see below for more information on GI treatment].
At the end of the GI, the IED goes in the NORMAL state 6 .

• NORMAL: The IED is In Service and the monitoring of DI, AO and DO are performed.
If a disturbance record becomes present and the C26x have enough places to store the file, the IED
goes in the DISTURBANCE state 8 .
If a request to open a tunnel for the IED arrives, it is accepted and the IED goes in the TUNNELING
state 10 .
Time to Time, a GI may be done. In this case the IED goes in the GI state 7 .
• DISTURBANCE: The IED is In Service and a disturbance record is being uploaded.

When the uploading of the disturbance file is finished, the IED goes back in the NORMAL state 9 .
• TUNNELING: Tunnelling communication is going on.

When the Tunnelling communication is finished, the IED goes back in the NORMAL state 9 .
That shows that GI, Disturbance uploading and tunnelling are mutually exclusive. That is done for 2 reasons:
• To limit the overload of the network

• To suppress interaction between Tunnelling access and C26x access.
Description of the transitions between states:
• 0 : Initialisation of the transmission.

• 1 : The IED becomes DISCONNECTED.
The disconnection is signalled to the application.
Every data normally received from the IED is marked as unknown and a state change is signalled for
each one.
• 2 : The IED becomes CONNECTED.

A synchronisation frame is sent to it and after, the status of the IED is red.
• 3 : The status of the IED indicates that the IED is In Service.

A General Interrogation is activated.
• 4 : The status of the IED indicates the IED is Out Of Service.

• 5 : see 3
• 6 : The general Interrogation is finished.
• 7 : A general Interrogation is activated [cyclical GI].
• 8 : A disturbance file is available in the IED and there is enough available space to store it in the
C26x.
A disturbance upload is initiated.
• 9 : End of disturbance file upload.

• 10 : A request to open a communication channel throw tunnelling is received.
• 11 : End of tunnelled communication.
• 12 : Request to send a control command to the IED.
Polling is interrupted and the command is sent as soon as possible.
Initialisation procedure
Initially, all data normally received from an IED is marked as unknown. When an IED is first connected, a
general interrogation request is sent. A table is updated with data received in response to the general
interrogation. When the general interrogation is finished, the content of the table is sent to the processing
functions: binary inputs processing and measurement treatment. Messages received subsequently are
checked against the content of the table and a state change message is sent when there is a difference.

A general interrogation is performed:
• at initialisation time,
• upon reconnection,
• cyclically [optional].
Messages received during the initial general interrogation are not sent to the processing function. Instead the
content of the table is sent at the end of the sequence.
Messages received during a general interrogation performed after the initialisation sequence are immediately
sent to the processing function.
Some IEDs send a message indicating the end of the response to a general interrogation. When this
message is received, the sequence is considered as complete. If the IED does not send this message, the
C26x must check that all of the data is received.
If not all of the data is received within a given time another request is sent. This process can be repeated N
times. If the response is still not received after N times a fault message is sent, however the IED is still
polled.
Disturbance File Management
The following rules apply for the management of the Disturbance Files of the IED:
• For each IED, there is a parameter in the configuration indicating whether disturbance files should be
automatically downloaded. This parameter may be overruled by a command from the application.
• When the C26x detects that an IED has a Disturbance File ready for download and that automatic
download is enabled, it downloads and stores it. When the download is complete, an indication is sent
to the Upper level transmission management task to inform it that a Disturbance file is ready for
upload.
• When there is not enough available space to store a Disturbance File, the oldest file is overwritten.
• Only Disturbance files stored in the C26x can be transmitted to the upper level. Once a file has been
uploaded, it is deleted.
Note:
IED disturbance files are stored in volatile memory (in the "/RAMDEV/PERT_IED/" folder) and are deleted whenever
the C26x is powered off or rebooted.
6.2.3 DATA RECEIVED FROM IEDS

After the initialisation sequence, IEDs are polled regularly. Depending on the type of IED the current state of
data can be received as state messages, or as state change messages.
When a state message is received, the content is checked against the table and if there is a difference a
message is sent to processing functions and the table is updated. In this case, the C26x time stamps the
change.
When a state change message is received, the table is updated and the message is transmitted to
processing functions. In this case, the time stamping is made by the IED.
The data, which can be received from IEDs, are detailed in the paragraphs below.
6.2.3.1 DIGITAL INPUTS

Digital inputs can be received as states or as state changes. The choice between state and state change
depends on the IED and on the protocol. This is known by configuration.

Even if digital inputs are received as state change, it is still possible to request data as states for general
interrogations.
The conversion from digital input to binary input is performed by the binary input processing function. A
digital input can be associated with a single point or a double point.
Measurements can be received in various formats: float, binary, BCD, etc. The received value is converted
into an internal format, which is common to all measurements in the C26x.
Measurements can be received as periodical messages or as state changes: variation, threshold, and
invalidity.
A message is sent to the processing function whenever a measurement is received from an IED.
6.2.3.3 COUNTERS
Counters are treated for DNP3.0
6.2.3.4 TAP POSITION

Tap position are treated like measurements
6.2.3.5 DISTURBANCE FILE

The C26x stores disturbance files as they are sent by IEDs without control of the format of the Disturbance
Files (Comtrade, …).
6.2.4 DATA SENT TO IEDS

After the initialisation sequence, data can be sent to IEDs. The type of data, which can be sent to IEDs, is
described in subsequent paragraphs.
6.2.4.1 CONTROLS
Controls are priority message. The polling sequence must be interrupted in order to send the control as soon
as possible.
Not all IEDs send control acknowledgement. If they do not, an acknowledgement is simulated and sent to the
handling of control sequences function.
When an IED is disconnected [or out of service] a negative acknowledgement is sent.
If the command is a “select before operate” command, the application must send two commands to the
transmission software: the first one for the selection and the second for the execution.
If the command is a double command, the application sends one order, and depending on the protocol, two
cases have to be distinguished:
• The Double command is referenced only once in the IED Mapping. In this case, if an OPEN
(respectively CLOSE) command is received from the application, the master send an OFF
(respectively ON) order to the IED at the corresponding address.
• The double command is referenced by two addresses in the IED Mapping: one refers to the Open
Contact and the other to the Close Contact. In this case, if an OPEN (respectively CLOSE) command
is received from the application, the master sends an ON order to the IED, at the address
corresponding to the Open Contact (respectively Close Contact).
6.2.4.2 SETPOINTS
SP controls are priority message. The polling sequence must be interrupted in order to send the SP control
as soon as possible.
Not all IEDs send SP control acknowledgement. If they do not, an acknowledgement is simulated and sent to
the handling of SP control sequences function.

When an IED is disconnected [or out of service] a negative acknowledgement is sent.

If the SP commands are always "direct execute" command (no “select before operate”).
For an IED, only one SP command is possible at a time.
6.2.5 TUNNELLING
The serial tunnelling enable to connect a laptop computer running an IED setting software to a serial
(RS232) line of the DS Agile C26x in order to communicate with an IED connected to a legacy bus of the DS
Agile C26x.
C264
Lap Top IED
Computer
RS232 link Legacy bus

dedicated to (Modbus, T103)
serial tunneling
C0149ENa
All serial RS232 lines of the DS Agile C26x – including the port onto the front panel – can be used for serial
tunnelling.
The choice of the serial line to be used for serial tunnelling is done by the DS Agile C26x configuration.
The cable dedicated to tunnelling must be disconnected from the front panel when tunnelling is not
used.
6.2.5.1 INTERFACE THROUGH THE TUNNELLING SERIAL LINE

The tunnelling serial line gives access to a user dialog.
This dialog enables a user to give commands to the Tunnelling RS232 software.
Commands are ASCII string terminated by ‘↵’ (code ASCII 13H) and are case sensitive.
A command is executed at the reception of the ‘↵’ character. An ASCII message is sent in response, and a
prompt message may be sent in order to indicate that the DS Agile C26x is ready to process a new
command.
If a command is unknown, an error message “Unknown command !” is sent.
List of the available commands:
• TunRSLines↵: List the legacy lines for which tunnelling is enabled.

Each line of the list corresponds to a legacy line for which tunnelling is enabled and have the following
format:
Line <line Number>: <Protocol>
If there is not any legacy line available for Tunnelling, the response is “No line available for serial tunnelling.”
• TunRSIed nl↵: lists the IED of a legacy line and their state (ln = line number).
The first line of the response provides information on the line:
Line <line Number>: <Protocol>
Each following line of the response corresponds to an IED and have the following format:
IED <Address>: <State>

Where <State> can be “available” or “not available”

If the line is not available for Tunnelling, the response is “The line nl is not available for serial tunnelling.”
• TunRSStart ln, ad↵: starts a serial tunnelling session with the specified legacy line
[ln = legacy line number; ad = IED address].
The response is either “Serial Tunnelling started” or an error message explaining why the command cannot
be executed.
If the response is “Serial Tunnelling started”, legacy frames are awaited on the serial Tunnelling link.
• TunRSStop↵: stops the current serial tunnelling session.

The response is “Serial Tunnelling stopped”.
6.2.5.2 C26X BEHAVIOUR

Once the “TunRSStart” is accepted, the DS Agile C26x waits for Legacy frames on the serial Tunnelling line.
Received frames are sent to the target legacy IED.
Response frames coming from the IED are sent back on the serial Tunnelling line.
If a tunnelling session is already running, the current session is ended and a new one is started.
6.2.5.3 PROCEDURE OF USE OF THE SERIAL TUNNELLING
• Connect a laptop to the DS Agile C26x with an RS232 serial cable

(On the C26x, the cable is connected to the serial line dedicated to the tunnelling)
• Launch Hyperterminal on the LapTop

• Enter the serial tunnelling starting command “TunRSStart”
The C26x answers “Serial Tunnelling started”.
• Quit Hyperterminal (be sure to close the connection)

• Launch an IED setting Software, e.g.: DS Agile S1, on the LapTop
• Execute settings actions with the setting Software (that implies exchange of legacy frames between
the setting software and the IED through the C26x)
• Quit the setting Software

• Launch Hyperterminal on the LapTop
• Enter the serial tunnelling stopping command “TunRSStop”
The C26x answers “Serial Tunnelling stopped”.
• Quit Hyperterminal (be sure to close the connection)

6.2.5.4 END OF A SERIAL TUNNELLING SESSION
As described above, a serial tunnelling session may be ended by the “TunRSStop” command.
If the user forgets to end the tunnelling session with the “TunRSStop” command, the session will be
automatically ended after expiry of a deadline - of about 2 minutes - without exchange.
6.2.5.5 FAULT CASE BEHAVIOURS
• If the questioned IED does not answer, no frame of answer is returned to the setting Software.
• If the setting software sends a new question frame, or repeats the last frame, whereas the C26x is still
awaiting the answer from the IED, this new frame is ignored.

6.2.5.6 SERIAL TUNNELLING THROUGH A MODEM
Modem Lap Top
C264
Modem IED
Computer
Specialised
or RTC line RS232 link
Legacy bus
dedicated to serial
(Modbus,
tunneling
T103)
C0150ENa
If modems are well configured, this operating mode is transparent for the C26x and no specific management
is needed in the software.
6.2.5.7 TUNNELLING LIMITS AND SPECIFICATIONS

The legacy protocols supported – protocols for which serial tunnelling is available – include:
• MODBUS
• T103
The line to be used for serial tunnelling can be set through the C26x configuration.
If the serial tunnelling line is “frontal RS232”, it is automatically configured to:
19200 Bd, 8 bits data, no parity, 1 stop bit.
For the other ports (COM1 to COM4), it follows the configuration parameters.
Only RS232 mode is supported.
6.2.6 LIMITS AND SPECIFICATIONS

• The number of serial links available limits the number of legacy network that can be managed
simultaneously by a C26x.
• The maximum number of IED that can be managed for a network is 16.
• Specifications depend on the used protocol and on the number of IEDs connected to each network.
6.3 MODBUS COMMUNICATIONS
6.3.1 SCOPE OF THIS SECTION

MODBUS is a legacy bus master/slave protocol that is used by many devices such as relays, controllers or
monitoring devices. The aim of this section is not to describe the protocol itself and its mechanisms, but to
describe the functions implemented in the C26x:
• available function numbers

• the way in which each type of data is internally or externally updated
• general mechanisms used for the synchronisation

The protocol is implemented in various ways:
• Generic: this implementation allows connecting most types of IED to a MODBUS network
• Legacy: this implementation is based on the legacy rules (M300, Px2x series, Px4x series)
• Particular IEDs: M230, Rish Pro M10, ABB-Flexgate, Sepam 40 and 80, WAGO
6.3.2 POLLING CYCLES

IEDs' measured values:
The time interval between general interrogations is of at least 1 second. It could be longer if the number of
polled IEDs is such that polling takes more than 1 s.
Datapoint values:
The time interval between general interrogations is of at least 200 ms. It could be longer if the number of
polled datapoints is such that polling takes more than 200 ms.
6.3.3 GENERIC MODBUS COMMUNICATIONS

The generic communications function is the common base to most IEDs. The following MODBUS functions
are implemented in the C26x:
Function No. Sub-code Used to Details
1–2 / Read DIs Read N bits
3–4 / Read AIs /DIs Read N words
5 / Write DO Write 1 bit
Write N bits
15 / Write DOs
Restriction: write DOs after one another
Read status byte
7 / Poll status
Used to detect a DI state change
Echo
8 0 Poll presence
Alternative to detect if a device is connected or not
6 / tunnelling if needed Write 1 word
16 / tunnelling if needed Write N words
The disturbance files are not treated. Function 7 cannot be used fully or at all with a number of IEDs
(e.g.Rish Pro M10, Flexgate); they require a specific treatment.
6.3.3.1 POLLING AND CONNECTION TEST

All the slaves are polled after one another. This means that the C26x waits for the answer to each polling
request sent to a device before sending a new request to the same or another device.
There are 2 types of polling:
• the polling for the measurements and the digital inputs (functions 1 to 4) or the byte status (function 7)
• the polling for IEDs presence (low level polling)
If an IED does not correctly answer after a user-configurable timeout, the C26x repeats the request.
If the IED does not correctly answer after a defined number of retries, it is considered as disconnected. This
status is updated by low-frequency polling.

Depending on configuration, the C26x tests the connections with:
• function 7
• functions 1 to 4 (DIs)
• functions 3 to 4 (AIs)
• function 8 (mirror frame)
or uses a user-defined frame.
6.3.3.2 DATA RECEIVED FROM IEDS

6.3.3.2.1 AIs
The C26x polls the AIs at a defined frequency.
A block of measurements is a set of measurements mapped at consecutive addresses. As a result, all of
them are read in one exchange.
The C26x supports 18 formats of Analogue Inputs:
Format Description Comment
INT8_LB Modbus does not provide a ‘Read byte’ function.
Signed integer on 8 bits
INT8_HB So, a ‘Read word’ function is used.
UINT8_LB LB and HB indicate which byte in the word is used
Unsigned integer on 8 bits (resp., Low/High)
UINT8_HB
INT16 Signed integer on 16 bits
UINT16 Unsigned integer on 16 bits
INT32_LW_LB
INT32_LW_HB
Signed integer on 32 bits
INT32_HW_LB
INT32_HW_HB
The first pair of letters indicates which word is sent
UINT32_LW_LB first: the lower word (LW) or the higher word (HW).
UINT32_LW_HB
Unsigned integer on 32 bits
UINT32_HW_LB The second pair of letters indicates which byte is
UINT32_HW_HB sent first in a word: the lower byte (LB) or the higher
byte.
REAL32_LW_LB
REAL32_LW_HB
Float IEEE754 on 32 bits
REAL32_HW_LB
REAL32_HW_HB
6.3.3.2.2 DIs
A block of DIs is a set of DIs mapped to consecutive addresses. As a result, all of them are read in one
exchange.
By default, the function 1-2 polls for DI blocks. the C26x compares each DI state with the latest state and
time stamps the potential state change.
6.3.3.3 DATA SENT TO IEDS

6.3.3.3.1 Connection check
Generic IEDs
Each device on the network is regularly polled with a specific frame to know if it is connected or not. This
frame could be the status byte polling frame if it exists, the measurement polling frame if it exists, the BI

polling frame if it exists, the mirror frame if it has been implemented in the device or a user defined frame.
This choice is performed through the configuration options.
MiCOM IEDs
The “Read status byte” frame is used for checking the connection of the device.
6.3.3.3.2 Clock synchronisation
All the devices connected to a given network must use the same synchronisation method (and the same
address and time-date format) because the C26x synchronises them through a broadcast frame.
Synchronisation is not specified generically and no calculation of the transmission delay is performed.
6.3.3.3.3 DOs
Commands are sent to the IED and have the highest priority level.
They have to be transmitted to the destination device as fast as possible.
The C26x waits for an acknowledgement (answer of the IED).
If the acknowledgement is not received after a defined timeout, the C26x considers that the command has
not been taken into account.
6.3.3.4 ERROR MANAGEMENT

The MODBUS protocol handles a mechanism of exception answer. This means that an IED answers with an
exception frame if it does not understand the request. There are different exception codes:
Exception code Description C26x processing
01 Illegal function Reports a "Configuration error” and continue
02 Illegal data address Reports a “Configuration error” message and continues
03 Illegal data value Reports a “Configuration error” message and continues
04 Slave device failure Reports an “IED error” message
IED busy due to a long
05 Retries after a defined time-out
processing duration
06 IED busy Retries after a defined time-out
07 Processing not possible Reports an “IED error”
08 IED memory parity error Reports an “IED error”
6.3.3.5 LIMITS AND SPECIFICATIONS

The specifications depend a lot on the number of devices connected on the network. It is advised to connect
devices that have similar specifications on a given network, i.e. the same reply time for instance.
Each device on a MODBUS network must have the same synchronisation mode.

6.3.4 LEGACY MODBUS COMMUNICATIONS

Three ranges comply with the legacy rules:
• M300: Energy analyzer and measurement central unit
• Px2x: MiCOM S20
• Px4x: MiCOM ALSTOM S40
Function No. Sub-code Used to Details

1–2 / Read DIs Read N bits
3–4 / Read AIs /DIs Read N words
5 / Write DO Write 1 bit
Write N bits
15 / Write DOs
Restriction: write DOs after one another
Read status byte.
7 / Poll status Used to detect a DI state change and the presence of
disturbance files
Echo
8 0 Poll presence
Alternative to detect if a device is connected or not
6 / tunnelling if needed Write 1 word
16 / tunnelling if needed Write N words
6.3.4.1 STATUS BYTE

The connection is tested using the function 7.
Bit No Description Detail Event generated
b0 General state of the device 1 = active, 0 = not active Yes
b1 Presence of a minor failure (*) 1 = present / 0 = absent Yes
Presence of a not acknowledged time-
b2 1 = present / 0 = absent No
stamped event
1= synchronised, 0= out of synchronisation
b3 State of synchronisation (**) Yes
Compatible with relays OPN7000, MODN
Presence of a not extracted 1= present, 0 = absent
b4 Yes on Set
Disturbance record Compatible with relays OPN7000, MODN
Presence of a not extracted Fault
b5 1 = present / 0 = absent Yes on Set
record
b6 Trip Alarm Set 1= a trip has occurred, not acknowledged No
1= at least one alarm bit in the front panel alarm
b7 Alarm Set No
cell not acknowledged
If a bit of this status has no significance for the equipment, this bit is fixed to 0.
Any state change generates an event. Except for b2 set/reset, b4 and b5 reset, b6 and b7 set/reset.
* indicates a device failure ("SRAM Failure"…) and generates an event.
** 0 indicates that synchronisation was not received or not understood since 1 min, according to protection
criteria (by MODBUS or IRIG-B synchronism). This rule covers potential drift of 10 ms of non synchronised
device. “Loss of synchronisation” has a major impact in all events treatment. All the events coming from a
device that has lost its synchronisation need special treatment in substation chronological list of events. This
particular event helps determine also any network disconnection in the device history.

6.3.4.1.1 Events buffer management

The IEDs store the events, Fault Records, Disturbance files in a circular buffer of various sizes.
When the C26x acknowledges an event, a FREC or Disturbance file, the IED clears the memory for future
events, FREC …
When all events, FREC, DR have been cleared from buffer, the corresponding bit is reset in the status byte
without generating any event.
If a device is disconnected, the buffering function saves all of history. If one of its buffers gets filled up then
the IED:
• generates an event to inform that this buffer is full,

• erases the oldest event if the queue is full
• sends a saturation reset event when the buffer is not full any more.
• replaces the oldest data in the full buffer by the newest ones (event, FREC, Disturbance file).
6.3.4.1.2 M300
The bits have other meanings:
• Bit 0: Availability of a Disturbance record [0 = not available; 1= available]

• Bit 4: 0 = active; 1 = inactive
• Bit 5: 1 = Presence of Event
• Bit 6: 1 = Presence of Alarm.
6.3.4.1.3 MiCOM Alstom S40 (Px4x series)
The status can be read with function 3 or 4 in register 3x00001 (@ 0).
The table below shows this 16-bit status:
Bit No Value/bit mask Meaning Conform
0 0x0001 Presence Status (1 = present / 0 = mute) OK
1 0x0002 Minor Self Test Failure (1 = Failure / 0 = No failure) OK
2 0x0004 New event available (1 = Available / 0 = Not Available) OK
Clock synchronization (=1 after Modbus sync. Resets to 0 after 5 minutes
3 0x0008 OK
unless it is synced again. Other time sources do not affect this bit)
New auto extraction disturbance record available (1 = Available / 0 = Not
4 0x0010 OK
available)
5 0x0020 Fault (Not used - always 0). NOK
6 0x0040 Trip LED status (1 = LED on, 0 = LED off) -
7 0x0080 Alarm status summary (logical OR of all alarm status bits) -
8 0x0100 Unused -
9 0x0200 Unused -
10 0x0400 Unused -
11 0x0800 Unused -
12 0x1000 Unused -
13 0x2000 Unused -
14 0x4000 Unused -
15 0x8000 Unused -
Even if the access function (3 or 4 instead of 7) does not comply with the internal MODBUS rules, the events
can still be managed, as far as the bits 2 and 3 are compliant with them.

6.3.4.2 DATA RECEIVED FROM IEDS

6.3.4.2.1 AIs
The formats supported by the C26x include:
• IEEE STD 754 (recommended)

• integer signed or not on 1 Byte
• integer signed or not on 2 Bytes
• integer signed or not on 4 Bytes (for energy metering precision)
It is desirable that all the AIs have the same format (type and byte number); otherwise, divide them in several
groups, each with a given format.
The values must be directly usable. Single scaling (e.g. x1000) is accepted. As complex computation use
boundary, scaling is forbidden for measurements.
AIs are mapped at consecutive MODBUS addresses to increase the acquisition efficiency. Or, they can be in
a fundamental data area.
The transmission of the measurements in double word must start with the most significant byte, which is not
a common practice:
Bytes order
Intel products 1 2 3 4
Motorola products 4 3 2 1
Most common (2 consecutive addresses) 2 1 4 3
Recommended transmission with MODBUS 4 3 2 1
The units of the readings must be identical throughout a range of products. If possible stick to the list of the
recommended units. The format for encoding IEEE makes unit coding easy, as it makes possible to treat at
system level the large or small values without using derived units (example: tenths of Amperes, tens of
Volts, MW).
Description Units
Volts V
Amperes A
Kilowatt kW
Kilo Volt Ampere kVA
Kilo VAR kVAR
Kilo Watt . Hour kWh
Kilo Volt Ampere Hour kVAh
Kilo VAR Hour kVARh
Hertz Hz
Celsius or centigrade Degree °C
Mho 1/Ω
Ohms Ω
Seconds of closing time s
Degree of angle Angular degree
Without unit –
For all the quality descriptors used for the measurements or counters, split quality descriptor indication (like
CP8(i+1) Info + Quality from IEC 870-5-4) from the value in separate address groups.

Some IEDs encode Valid/Invalid quality statuses with binary values. For such IED, map the AI Statuses in
consecutive words.
6.3.4.2.2 M300
The measurements are periodically polled for. The available formats include:
Format to configure Comments
T1 UINT16 (5) 16 bit unsigned value: "12345" (0x3039) represents 12345
T3 UINT16 (5) 16 bit unsigned value with 2 decimals: "12345" (0x3039) represents 123,45
T8 INT16 (4) 16 bit signed value with 3 decimals: "-12345" (0xCFC6) represents -12,345
T9 UINT32_HW_HB (13) 32 bit signed value: “big Endian” *
T10 UINT32_HW_HB (13) 32 bit signed value with 2 decimals: “big Endian”*
T20 Energy: T09 for the primary values (base unit kWh),T11 for the secondary (base unit Wh)
T21 Power: T10 for the primary values (base unit kW),T12 for the secondary values (base unit W)
T39 Voltage: T10 for the primary values (base unit V),T11 for the secondary values (base unit V)
T40 Current: T10 for the primary values (base unit A), T13 for the secondary values (base unit A)
T53 Idem T1
* the higher word is transmitted first, the higher byte in the word is transmitted first
These formats do not take into account the multiplying factor. Moreover, the next table gives a non
exhaustive list of measurements (in secondary mode):
Meas. C26x type Scaling factor Address Formats
Va UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01C6 T39 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
Vb UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01C8 T39 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
Vc UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01CA T39 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
Uab UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01CC T39 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
Ubc UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01CE T39 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
Uca UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01D0 T39 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
T40 (=T12 for the secondary mode, mistaken as T11
Ia UINT32_HW_HB 0.0001 0x01D2
in the manual R8605C2)
Ib UINT32_HW_HB 0.0001 0x01D4
Ic UINT32_HW_HB 0.0001 0x01D6
In UINT32_HW_HB 0.0001 0x01D8
Freq. UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 0x01DA T11
Power UINT32_HW_HB 0.0001
Energies UINT32_HW_HB 0.001 T20 (=T11 for the secondary mode)
The addresses 0x01DB, 0x01DC, 0x01DE and 0x01DF generate an exception frame with code number 2.
6.3.4.2.3 MiCOM Px2 series and MiCOM Alstom Px4 series
Measurements are read through the Modbus functions 3 or 4 (read word functions). Select the correct format
for the measurement: 16 or 32 bits.
Notice that the lower word of 32 bit values is generally transmitted first and, in each word, the higher byte is
transmitted first (use formats such as YYYY32_LW_HB for 32 bit values).

• Basic Address (Mapping address) 0xyyyyy
• Extra Address 1: not used
• Extra Address 2: Modbus function (3 or 4)
• Extra Address 3: not used
• Format: See table
6.3.4.2.4 DIs
6.3.4.2.4.1 IED synchronised
Same as generic Modbus (block mode)
6.3.4.2.4.2 IED NOT synchronised
The status byte is regularly polled at low level and compared with the latest one. The status byte in a legacy
IED contains the indication that at least one DI change has occurred.
If a change is detected, the C26x reads the event queue inside the IED, checks out which data have
changed, checks if the data have been configured and reads the information itself.
In this case, the DI changes are time-stamped in the IED and the C26x downloads their date and time.
Any DI change generates an event. For any event, there is a DI address that can be retrieved.
All the DIs have two states (0/1, on/off, open/closed, synchronised/out of synchronisation). Each DI
generates 2 events (Reset to 0 at this time, Set to 1 at that time).
The DIs are stored at consecutive addresses. In consequence, all the DIs can be read in only one request
(except if the number of DIs exceeds the capacity of a MODBUS message, and except may be for fast status
word).
DIs at connection
At connection or periodically, the C26x can fetch the global states of one device in a single message.
Automation can start at once as it is based on states. Event reading can be delayed due to the need to get
the disconnection history and time stamp the current state.
A transient DI is in fact an event not associated to a real state but to a transition (e.g. Trip order). It is only
SET never RESET. The practice shows that state approach is more commonly used than the transition
approach and help know the global status at connection. For this purpose, a transient DI like the trip order is
held for a configurable time (300ms), and results in 2 events (set and reset). The IED translates an inner
transient DI to a pulsed indication over the network (with a configurable time e.g. 100 to 300ms).
M300 read request
The time-stamped events of the M300 are NOT treated (there is no indication on the state of synchronisation
of the M300). In consequence, the C26x acquires the DIs of the M300 by polling and time stamps them.
The DIs are read through the Modbus function 4 (read words) with the values that follow:
• mapping address in the basic address field

• 4 in the extra address 2 field
• bit number in the extra address 1 field
Example for reading the 2 DIs of an M300 device:
• BI0:
Base address: 28d
Extra address 1: 0

Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
• BI1:
Basic address: 28d
Extra address 1: 1
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
Example for reading alarm status of an M300 device (@30030):
• BI16:
Base address: 30d
Extra address 1: 0 “Error EEPROM: alarm group 4”
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
• BI17:
Base address: 30d
Extra address 1: 1
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
• BI23:
Base address: 30d
Extra address 1: 7 “serial port default Analogue output”
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
• BI0:
Base address: 31d
Extra address 1: 0 “Test timeout for watchdog”
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
• BI1:
Base address: 31d
Extra address 1: 1
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /
• BI15:
Base address: 31d
Extra address 1: 15 “Error EEPROM: alarm group 3”
Extra address 2: 4
Extra address 3: /

To read bit fields in 32-bit values, configure at least one BI in each part of the long value (lower word and
higher word) as described in the previous example.
MiCOM Px2 series and MiCOM Alstom Px4 series read request
The C26x acquires the DIs through the function Nr 3 or 4 (read word functions).
• Base Address (Mapping Address) 0x0010
• Extra Address 1 (bit Number) 0
• Extra Address 2 (Modbus function) 4
• Extra Address 3 (Not Used) X

To improve the process, the events are handled in the C26x. This means that each action on the relay
activates an event that is uploaded and decoded in the relay. If the DI corresponding to the event has been
configured, the C26x reports the new DI value.
6.3.4.2.5 Disturbance files
The disturbance record includes any transfer of file of measurements sampled at high frequency:
• conventional disturbance
• monitoring data (pressure in GIS, harmonics, brush distance in CB closing ..)
Such a file is breakdown into limited size blocks (defined by MODBUS) to be uploaded.
Any file data format can be used as far as it can be converted to a standard file format, COMTRAD or at
least CSV format (Excel, Matlab…).
Regardless of the kind of transmission, a header must define the kind of data transfer (file or column values)
and the required file reader. The name of the exploitation files (usually COMTRAD) is based on the
configured device, master reference, IED MODBUS reference, and cyclic disturbance number.
C26x is informed that a disturbance is stored by reading the bit b4 in the Status byte. Each block is
transmitted on the C26x request. At the global end of transfer, after a check-up of the file, the C26x sends
the “Ack.DO” and the device can erase its disturbance file. If another “disturbance file” is still present, the bit
b4 remains set (e.g. EPAC multi disturbance upload).
The date in disturbance file must be the same as in events (for trip indication…). The device is compliant
with:
• the file upload mechanism (Stream of data)

• the disturbance upload mechanism (Column of values); example: series P20

Comment LED Net Master
TRIP-storage disturb
Disturbance ready Poll status

Bit Disturbance ready
=>Disturbance available
Option Poll disturbance address

Option => Patrimoin ask
Option
Option @Disturb Word
@First Pack Page
@Last Pack Page
Number Channel/Pack
Option => Disturb. Addresses
Select Channel Select Channel/Pack

First non ack disturbance
=> channel selected
Prepare Block
Answer channel info

=>Get Channel data
Data upload Poll PACK

(PACK = Value column or
Poll Block
(Block 250 words) => read block
Answer Data Block => get block
=>until last Block
Repeat Next PACK

Until last PACK
Poll Index
First disturbance acknowledge => read index
Disturb READED => get index, time, no error
CHECK VALIDITY
Acknowledge Disturbance Send DO ACK

DO ACK
Disturb read
Erase disturb file
Change index disturb
Refresh bit disturb

6.3.4.2.5.1 M300
There are 2 types of Disturbance record:
• Waveform Analysis Record (max = 1 file)

• Disturbance Record (max = 4 files)
The detection of the availability of a disturbance record in the M300 is done by regularly polling the status of
the M300 (bit “Presence of a Disturbance record”).
The disturbance record of an IED is uploaded only if the maximum number of simultaneous disturbance
uploading is not reached for the Modbus line and the opening of a disturbance file on the C26x is possible.
Uploading
The C26x opens a file to store disturbance data. If it is not possible, the treatment ends.
The type of disturbance record to upload is selected by writing to register @40567 (0x0237):
• ‘0’ for a Waveform Analysis

• ‘1’ for a Disturbance Record
The record number is selected by writing to register@40568 (0x0238) the value ‘0’ in order to select the last
one.
The C26x reads the general information and writes the information that follows to the file:
• Serial number of the IED 8 words at @30001 (0x0001)]
• Frequency [@40572 (0x023C)]
• Trigger date [@30055 (0x0037) @30060 (0x003C)]
• Available channels [@30061 (0x003D)]
• Type of channels @30062 (0x003E)]
• Number of samples by channel [@30063 (0x003F)]
• Number of pages [of sample] by channel @30064 (0x0040)]
• Number of samples by cycle [@40560 (0x0230)]
• Trigger position [@30066 (0x0042)]
• Time base [@30067 (0x0043)]
• Scaling factors of analogue channels [@30068 (0x0044) @30081 (0x0044)]
• Names of analogue channels

• Names of TOR channels
The disturbance data are uploaded channel by channel, starting with channel ‘0’ which is the time channel,
and for each channel, page by page.
Lastly, the C26x closes the disturbance file.
The bit 7 of register @40047 allows to erase ALL the disturbance records.
For mapping information, refer to the Service manual volume 2, ref. R8605C2.
6.3.4.2.5.2 MiCOM Alstom Px4 series
No disturbance files.

6.3.4.2.5.3 MiCOM Px2 series

The Px2x can store up to five Disturbance records. The number of channels depends on the kind of Px2x (6
to 9).
The C26x detects the presence of a disturbance record in the Px2x by regularly polling for the status of the
Px2x (bit “Presence of a Disturbance record”).
Uploading
C26x:
1 opens a file to store disturbance data; if this is not possible, the treatment ends
2 reads the number of Disturbance records and the associated information (Read of 36 words at
@0x3D00); this information enables to know the number (between 0 and 4) of the latest
unacknowledged disturbance records. If there is no unacknowledged disturbance record, the
treatment ends
3 reads all the IED identification model based on the pattern “Px2x” in order to determine the number of
channels and the selection size (Read of 5 words at @0x0000) and after, it writes this information to
the disturbance file
4 uploads the disturbance data channel by channel, and for each channel page by page.
5 reads the index frame of the disturbance (Read 7 words at @ 0x2200) and writes this information to
the disturbance file
6 closes the disturbances file
7 acknowledges the disturbance records in the Px2x by setting the bit @0x4032 to 1; another
disturbance record can be uploaded from the IED.
Differences between Px2x Models:
Overall selection
Products Number of analogue channels Number of TOR channels channels information size
number Pages 0x38-0x3C
P120 No disturbance management
P122 5 ( IA, IB, IC, I0, Frequency) 1 (3 Inputs, 7 Outputs) 6 11 Words
P123 5 ( IA, IB, IC, I0, Frequency) 1 (5 Inputs, 9 Outputs) 6 11 Words
P124D 5 ( IA, IB, IC, I0, Frequency) 1 (5 Inputs, 9 Outputs) 6 11 Words
P124S No disturbance management
P126 6 (IA, IB, IC, I0, V, Frequency) 1 (7 Inputs, 9 Outputs) 7 19 Words
8 (IA, IB, IC, I0, VA, VB, VC,
P127 1 (7 Inputs, 9 Outputs) 9 19 Words
Frequency)
P220 5 (IA, IB, IC, I0, Frequency) 1 (5 Inputs, 6 Outputs) 6 11 Words
P225 6 (IA, IB, IC, I0, UAC, Frequency) 1 (6 Inputs, 6 Outputs) 7 19 Words
P226C 6 (IA, IB, IC, I0, UAC, Frequency) 1 (6 Inputs, 6 Outputs) 7 19 Words
2 (5 Inputs, 9 Outputs, 9
P521 7 ( IA, IB, IC, I0, timing) 9 11 Words
internal data)
P922 5 ( Voltage, Frequency) 1 (5 Inputs, 9 Outputs) 6 19 Words
P923 5 (Voltage, Frequency) 1 (5 Inputs, 9 Outputs) 6 19 Words

@ Mapping Modbus Function Words Format Description

Pages 0x09 to 0x21: Disturbance Data. Each page contains the samples [250 data word] of the selected channel
0x0900 0x09FA 3 250 Up to 250 samples
0x0A00 0x0AFA 3 250 Up to 250 samples
…
INT16
0x2100 0x21FA 3 250 Up to 250 samples
Page 0x22: Index of the Disturbance
0x2200 3 1 UINT16 Disturbance record Number
0x2201 0x2204 3 4 Time Stamp Disturbance record finish date
0x2205 3 1 UINT16 Disturbance record starting condition
0x2206 3 1 UINT16 Frequency at post-time beginning
@ Mapping Modbus Function Words Format Description

Page 0x3D: Number of disturbance records available
0x3D00 3 1 UINT16 Number of disturbance records [1 .. 5]
0x3D01 3 1 Oldest disturbance record (n)

0x3D02 0x3D05 3 4 Time Stamp disturbance record Date
0x3D06 3 1 disturbance record starting origin
0 Not Acknowledged
0x3D07 3 1
1 1 Acknowledged
0x3D08 3 1 Preceding disturbance record (n+1)

0x3D09 0x3D0C 3 4 Time Stamp disturbance record Date
0x3D0D 3 1 disturbance record starting origin
0 Not Acknowledged
0x3D0E 3 1
1 1 Acknowledged
….
0x3D1D 3 1 Preceding disturbance record (n+4)
0x3D1E 0x3D21 3 4 Time Stamp disturbance record Date
0x3D22 3 1 disturbance record starting origin
0 Not Acknowledged
0x3D23 3 1
1 1 Acknowledged
Pages 0x38 to 0x3C: Selection of the Disturbance and channel [Each page correspond to one out of the 5
Disturbance records]. The second header line is the number of words uploaded for each access reading:
P122/P123/
Modbus Words P124D/P22 P126 P127 P225/P226C P521 P922/P923
@map-ping 0
function number
11 words 19 words 11 words 19 words
Pages 0x38 to 0x3C: selection of the Disturbance and channel [Each page correspond to 1 of the 5 Disturbance record]
0x..00 3 1 Ia Ia Ia Ia Ia Ua
0x..01 3 1 Ib Ib Ib Ib Ib Ub
0x..02 3 1 Ic Ic Ic Ic Ic Uc
0x..03 3 1 Io Io Io Io Io Vo
0x..04 3 1 Frequency reserved Ua Frequency Timing Frequency

P122/P123/
Modbus Words P124D/P22 P126 P127 P225/P226C P521 P922/P923
@map-ping 0
function number
11 words 19 words 11 words 19 words
0x..05 3 1 TOR reserved Ub TOR TOR1 TOR
0x..06 3 1 Uo Uc/Uo Uac TOR2
0x..07 3 1 frequency frequency
unavailable unavailable unavailable unavailable
0x..08 3 1 TOR TOR
For each register read request, the following information is uploaded. This information describes the selected
channel:
P122/P123/ P225 /
Word P126 P127 P521 P922/P923
P124D/P220 P226C
0 Total samples number
1 Sample number in pre-time
2 Sample number in post-time
3 Primary phase CT ratio
4 Secondary phase CT ratio
5 Earth primary CT ratio
6 Earth secondary CT Ratio
7 Phase internal CT ratio
8 Earth internal CT Ratio
Reserv Last page Primary phase VT Ratio
9 Last page Number Primary phase VT Ratio [LB]
ed nb [LB]
Reserv Last pg Primary phaseVT Ratio
10 Last page word number Primary phaseVT Ratio [HB]
ed word nb [HB]
Reserv Secondary phase VT
11 Secondary phase VT ratio
ed ratio
Earth primary VT ratio
12 Earth primary VT ratio [LB] Reserved
[LB]
Earth primary VT ratio
13 Earth primary VT ratio [HB] Reserved
[HB]
Earth secondary VT
14 Earth secondary VT ratio Reserved
unavailable ratio
Internal VT ratio–num.
15 Internal VT ratio – numerator 100
100
Unavailable
Internal VT Ratio –
16 Internal VT Ratio – denominator
denom.
17 Last page Number Last page Number
Last page words
18 Last page words number
number
Specific treatments
P126: the channels are not consecutive; the 5th & 6th channels must be skipped.
P127: the mapping address 0x0127 must be read. It gives the voltage wiring of the IED. This value must be
written in the file (but it does not change the uploading process).
P922 &P923: the mapping address 0x0126 must be read. It gives the voltage wiring of the IED. This value
must be written in the file. This value changes the uploading process: in some cases, the channels must be
skipped.

Wiring value Voltage wiring of the IED Used channels

0 Ua
1 Ub
2 Uc
0 3Vpn (3 phase-to-neutral voltages)
3 Not used
4 Frequency
5 TOR
0 Ua
1 Ub
2 Uc
1 3Vpn + Vr (3 phase-to-neutral voltages + residual voltage)
3 Vo
4 Frequency
5 TOR
0 Uab
1 Ubc
2 Not used
2 2Vpp + Vr (2 phase-to-phase voltages + residual voltage)
3 Vo
4 Frequency
5 TOR
0 Uab
1 Ubc
2 Uca
3 3Vpp + Vr (3 phase-to-phase voltages + residual voltage)
3 Vo
4 Frequency
5 TOR
6.3.4.2.6 Events
An event is a time-stamped state change of a logical data.
When the IED gets connected, the C26x reads the current status of logical information, then manages the
status changes from the file of the time-stamped events.
The time-stamped events are gathered in one file. The bit b2 of the status indicates the presence of at least
one event not extracted. Events are stored by IED, and are read one by one by the master, starting from the
oldest event.
The C26x's reading of one event does not withdraw it from the file. An IED withdraws an event from its list:
• when the C26x acknowledges it

• when the file of the events gets saturated (the queue sheds the oldest event)
• directly after the C26x reads whether an automatic event retrieval is set on IED. The event can be
read again at address @event +1 (3601h if the latest event address is 3600h). Event reply is 0 if the
events list is empty.
• the C26x reads one event, and then sends “DO ok“ if it correctly receives the event. When receiving
this acknowledgement, the IED deletes its latest event, and updates its events list (and resets the
event bit in status word if applicable: refer to IED documentation). This makes sure that no event is
lost. DO acknowledgement is bit 13 (0400h).
• IEDs and C26xs are configured for automatic event retrieval (at start-up the C26x checks the bit b12
at 0400h). The C26x reads the latest event.

The IED shifts this event to the next address in the event list. If the C26x detects a transmission error,
it reads again the event at address +1.
Any event includes the information that follows:
• Date - Time, using inverse order as per IEC 870-5-4 CP56T2a format (no short format, no CP16,
same format as clock synchronisation).
• MODBUS mapping address of logical information that has changed.

• New state value of the transmitted data (new value of the word, stored at the MODBUS mapping
address).
The C26x extracts the events meant for upper functions and sends them to the corresponding service:
automation, alarms, textual message converter, event & logging printing….).
Note: all textual information associated to events are not needed by a system master as customers have
their own labels, wording, or writing (Cyrillic, Cantonese …). A separate device is in charge of textual
logging. The text only reduces communication bandwidth.
The C26x can manage several state changes in one event (for changes in same time accuracy period, to
increase transfer…), even if each event has only one state change. Then, one state change is linked to one
event and one event is linked to several possible state changes (if they are at the same MODBUS address).
MiCOM Alstom Px4 series
The command register can be written with Modbus function 6 in register 4x00400 [@ 399]. Each action is
activated when a ‘1’ is written to the corresponding bit.
Bit No. Value / bit mask Used to
0 0x0001 Select the next event
1 0x0002 Accept event
2 0x0004 Select the next disturbance record
3 0x0008 Accept disturbance record
4 0x0010 Select the next disturbance record page
x x Other bits are unused
Automatic event-record extraction allows records to be extracted as they occur. Event records are extracted
in sequential order:

Start
Function 4
@0
Read Status register (3x00001) Timer Nb word 1
Analyse Event Flag (bit 2)
No
Event flag set?
Yes
Function 6
Select next Event @399
(Write 1 in register 4x00400) Value 1
Function 4
Read the Event @102
(Read 10 registers from 3x10103) Nb word 10
Analyse the Event Type
Yes
Event type = 255 ?
No
Function 6
Acknowledge the Event @399
(write 2 in register 4x00400) Value 2
No
0 ≤ Event type ≤ 6?
Yes Only Event types 0 to 6

Treat the Event included are treated.
C1022ENa
The C26x determines whether the Px4x has any events stored that have not yet been extracted by reading
the Px4x’s status register 3x00001 (G26 data type). If the event bit is set, the Px4x contains event records
that have not yet been extracted.
To select the next event for sequential extraction, the C26x writes 1 to the command register 4x00400 (G18
data type). The event data together with any fault/maintenance data can be read from the registers as
specified in the flow chart and table.
Once the data has been read, the event record can be marked as read by writing 2 to register 4x00400.
Alternatively, since the G18 data type consists of bit fields, it is possible to both marks the current record as
having been read and to automatically select the next unread record by writing 3 to the register.
When the latest (most recent) record has been accepted, the event flag in the status register (3x00001) is
reset.
If the latest record was accepted by writing 3 to the command register (4x00400), a dummy record appears
in the event record registers, with an “Event Type” value of 255.
Attempting to select another record, when none are available, results in a Modbus exception code 3 –
“Invalid value”.

Event formats:
Modbus Register Nb
Contents Description
/Address Register
3x00103…3x00106 (G12) Time stamp of
IEC870 Time & Date 4
102 … 105 the event
0,1,2, 3 alarm
4 output contact
3x00107 (G13)
5 opto input 1
106 Event type
6 protection
255 dummy event
3x00108…3x00109 (G27) New values of the 32 bits register containing the BI(s) which
2
107 ... 108 Event value have changed.
Modbus address of the 32-bit register containing the BI(s) that
have changed.
CAUTION: real Modbus address must be recomputed by
subtracting 30001 !!!
(G1) Event Event index
3x00110 type
32-bit Register 1
109 0,1,2,3 11
reference
4 723
5 725
6 727 to 785 (associated DDB status
register)
Event Event index
type
3x00111
Event Index 0,1,2,3 Alarm ID 1
110
4, 5 Not used – set to 0
6 bit 16 = state, bits 1-15 DDB ID
3x00112 Not used by C26x – 1
According to the Event Type, the Event Index can be used – or not – to analyses the Event. Two cases have
to be considered:
• Event of type 0,1,2,3 and 6. In this case, the Event Index can be used.
Bit16 of the Event Index indicates the new Digital Input state (0 or 1)
Bit1-15 of the Event Index [modulo 32] indicate the Bit Number of the Digital Input in the 32bits
register
The 32bits register reference and the Digital Input Bit Number allows finding the Digital Input in the
C26x DB (if configured).
• Event of type 4 and 5. In this case, the Event Index is not significant and cannot be used. The C26x
DB has to be parsed against the Event Value, looking for a state change of all Digital Input of the 32-
bit register reference.
6.3.4.2.7 File upload
A file is defined by a header, a parameter set and a stream of data. Each time the C26x reads a block of
data, the IED shifts data to the next page (Repeat page) and replaces it by a new block of data. In event of
transmission error, the C26x requests the block wrongly received to the repeat page.
Addresses Function Contents
FA00 to FAFA Read 24 words Read header

Addresses Function Contents

FB00 to FBFA Read N words Read N words of file parameters and shift parameter stream
FC00 to FCFA Read N words Read N words again of file (repeat)
FD00 to FDFA Read N words Read N words of file data and shift data stream
FE00 to FEFA Read N words Read N words again of file (repeat)
The header defines data to transmit and file treatment to trigger by the C26x on data reception:
Word Description Format
1 Kind of file transfer 0 for the following mechanism, 1 for a future one
2-3 Number of words in parameter field Nb_Byte_Para
4-5 Number of words in data field Nb_Byte_Data
6 Manufacturer 1 « ALSTOM PCB Lattes » (for M7xx)
7-8 Product reference 4 ASCII {« M710 », « M711 » , « M720 », « M721 »… }
9 Transmission product version 1 First version or A
8 ASCII characters:
SS Week
10-13 Product serial number
AA Year
NNNN Number in week (shift left + blank).
0 very short time
1 short time
Kind of File transfer used below by the
14 2 quality events
product
3 disturbance
4 compressed disturbance
15-18 First element time tag IEC 840-5-4 ( 64 bits = 4 x 16-bit words )
19 Reserved e.g. sampling, trigger timer 0x0000
… … …
24 Reserved 0x0000
All the data samplings are transmitted after one another without compression.
Word Description for decoding software
0-1 First value of first sampling
2-3 Second value of first sampling
Nb_Byte_Data Last word

Algorithm:
COMMENT IED NET MASTER
TRIP-storage disturb
Disturbance ready Poll status

Bit Disturbance ready
=>Disturbance available
Poll File header

=> Patrimoin ask
Read header @Disturb Word

@First Pack Page
@Last Pack Page
Size of
Option => Disturb. Addresses
Read conversion parameter Read file parameters

Transmission parameter
Answer parameter
Block size =>Get data transmission
Number of blocks parameter
Data upload Number of Block-1

(PACK = Value column or
Poll Data Block @D
(Block parameter 250 words) => read block
Answer Data Block => get block
=>until last Block
CHECK VALIDITY
Acknowledge Disturbance Send DO ACK

- DO ACK
- Disturb read
Erase disturb file
Change index disturb
Refresh bit disturb
Downloading is done using function 15 or 16 at specific address. Acceptance is signalled.

To speed up the global downloading, writing can be done to several consecutive addresses.

6.3.4.3 DATA SENT TO IEDS

6.3.4.3.1 Clock synchronization
Type of synchronization: ALSTOM
All the devices connected to a given network must have the same synchronization procedure (address and
time and date format) because the synchronization order is broadcast.
Date and time comply with the inverted IEC 870-5-4 CP56Time2a format:
Word 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Year: 00…99
2 0 0 0 0 Month: 1...12 DayOfWeek:1..7 DayOfMonth:1..31
3 su 0 0 Hour: 0…23 iv 0 Minutes: 0…59
4 Milliseconds (High) Milliseconds (Low)
Su (=0 for Standard, =1 for Summer Time)

iv (=0 for valid, =1 for non valid or out of synchronisation for a system)
First day of the week: Monday
Date and time is set at address 0800h with function 16. No calculation of transmission delay.
If an IED does not have (this) synchronisation, it must be unaware of these synchronisation messages (no
error indication, no failure).
If an IED that does not stick to the rule, the C26x supplies out-of-synchronisation devices with its own time
stamp. The time accuracy is deeply degraded.
An IED does not generate any event when receiving the synchronisation, or when missing one broadcast
message.
Synchronisation comes from a specialised clock device like GPS. The first bit is the reference. The C26x
transmits time corrected by its treatment delay. It sends a synchronic message periodically (e.g. 3 times per
minutes). The absence of reception within 1 minute results in a “Loss of synchronisation” event.
A “Loss of synchronisation” event requires a set/reset. Synchronisation information is also signalled by the IV
bit in the event time stamp: 0 means that when the event occurred, the IED was out of synchronisation.
Any IED with 2 clocks systems (MODBUS synchronization mechanism AND an IRIG B or other) must have
an inner setting to deactivate each clock.
If the C26x has lost its own synchronisation, it still time stamps events (but with IV bit set) to still synchronise
the IEDs with a same reference (relative time tagging).
M300
The M300 supports 2 time formats:
• The ALSTOM synchronization format, which is used only to set the Date & Time
• The M300 format which is used to set the Date & Time in the M300 or for time stamping in the M300
(e.g. Disturbance time stamping)
The synchronisation according to the Modbus legacy rules is accepted by the M300 only if the bit “summer”
is NOT set.
MiCOM Px2 series
The Px2x support 2 time formats:
• the ALSTOM synchronization format, which is used only to set the Date & Time in the Px2x
• the Px2x format which is used for time stamping in the Px2x (e.g. Event & Disturbance time stamping)

Time stamping format:

Word Description
0 Lower word of Seconds
1 Higher word of Seconds
2 Lower word of MilliSeconds
3 Higher word of MilliSeconds
The number of seconds given in the previous table (32-bit value in word 0 and 1) is the number of seconds
elapsed since 1994 January 1st.
Since the V4C version of the PX2X relays, a private format and the IEC format are both available. Select the
IEC format to obtain a correct event decoding.
Moreover, a PX2X relay goes out of synchronization after a 1 min delay. As a result, select a synchronization
period lesser than 60 seconds.
The Px4x support the ALSTOM format. To keep the Px4x synchronized, the C26x sends a synchronization
frame at least once every 5 minutes.
It is possible to use both Px2x and Px4x relays on the same communication channel and to activate the
synchronization.
The register 4x00306 is used to configure the time format managed by the relay:
• Writing value '0' in this register selects the 'standard IEC' time format (default value).
• Writing value '1' in this register selects the 'reverse IEC' time format (Modbus ALSTOM time format
used by the C26x).
So, at Px4x connection, value "1" must be written in register @305 [4x00306] to signal the Px4x to use the
ALSTOM time format.
If the 'Modbus ALSTOM format' is selected (see above), the time tag format in events is as show below:
Word No. Byte No. Data (MSB first) Mask
0 Dummy byte (set to 0) 0x00
0
1 Years 0x7F
2 Month 0x0F
1
3 Day of week / Day of Month 0xE0, 0x1F
4 Summertime / Hours 0x80, 0x1F
2
5 Validity / Minutes 0x80, 0x3F
6 Milliseconds MSB 0xFF
3
7 Milliseconds LSB 0xFF
6.3.4.3.2 Commands
Any control sent from the C26x to an IED is called a Digital Output:
• Logical control: DO to acknowledge a Disturbance record, a time stamped event, DO to activate or

inhibit a specific protective function.
• Physical control: DO to open or close a feeder circuit breaker, or specific output.
To simplify Master MODBUS configuration and run time, it is desirable to gather controls at consecutive
addresses.

Communication DOs or controls are transmitted by Modbus writing functions:
• function 5 (write 1 bit)

• function 6 (write 1 word)
• function 15 (write N bits)
If the function 6 or 15 are used, the word of control must be formatted in fields of bits.
The DO used to acknowledge reception of dated events must always be accepted by the IED, even if it is in
local mode (no protection mode filtering on this particular DO).
For a single control on a bits field, there is no special need or common description of “Control accepted”. The
DI changes subsequent to a control action are sufficient to control execution.
For other controls, reserve a special word on IED for all the device acknowledgements.
If there are several devices on IED, a more elaborate control message sequence between the C26x & IED
are required. For a control message, keep the Modbus acknowledgement rules.
On reception of a control request, an IED sends 0 (OK) if function/address/data are correct.
If its inner algorithm forbids it to initiate ordered sequence with physical Digital Output (because of interlock,
locking, running control, invalid position…), the IED transmits an “application” error code via an event DI
configured in the C26x. the C26x determines if the sequence is acceptable, and runs correctly (for higher
control algorithm or protocol conversion).
When operating control is implemented on IED (OBS, Cx2x, P4xx) a lot of failure cases are defined, and
over several plants.
At least use for each controlled plant only one word (4 control bits set by the C26x and reset by IED, and 12
main informative bits). Extra words can be defined for further automation indication.

Case 1: Switching device may need to be split into synchronised CB and disconnections:
MONITORING
CONTROL *
Control Plant State Plant secondary DI
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0 0 0 Plant position MOTION
0 0 1 Plant position OPEN
0 1 0 Plant position CLOSE
0 1 1 Error!
1 0 0 Plant positionINVALID(DBI00)
1 1 1 PlantpositionINVALID(DBI11)
1 0 1 Other INVALID (polarity…)
1 1 0 Reserve other INVALID
0/1 (opt) Plant inLOCAL/REMOTE
0/1 (opt) Plant LOCKED (WITHDRAW)
0/1 (opt) DI select in SBO
0/1 (opt) Synchro-check OK
1 Control Fail Abnormal termination
1 Control Fail mismatch plant position
1 Control Fail Lock (pressure…)
1 Control Fail Interlock
1 Control accepted Latch (any control)
0 0 1 OPEN control
0 1 0 CLOSE control
1 0 0 (opt) CLOSE2 control (Forced)
1 (opt) SELECT control
* All DOs latched by the C26x, the front panel cell is reset at the sequence end by IED.

Case 2: Transformer with TPI position on other word

MONITORING
CONTROL
ControlPlant St Plant secondary DI
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0/1 Plant position MOTION / FIXE
0/1 Mini CB OPEN/CLOSE
1 Plant position INVALID
0/1 (opt) AVRegulation ON/OFF
0/1 (opt) Plant LOCKED
x Reserve
1 Low Tap Reach
1 High Tap Reach
1 Control Fail Abnormal termination
1 Control Fail Lock (oil,..)
1 Control Fail Interlock (unusual)
1 Control accepted Latch (any control)
0 0 1 Tap RAISE control
0 1 0 Tap CLOSE control
1 0 0 (opt)Regulation ON Control
1 (opt) Regulation OFF Control
* All DOs latched by the C26x, the front panel cell is reset at the sequence end by IED
Several kinds of control are defined to manage any measurement that can be frozen (Maintenance counter,
metering, or classical measurement). The following “control structure” byte can be used for each
measurement:
CONTROL MONITORING
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0/1 AI Valid/Invalid
0/1 AI not Frozen/Frozen
x Reserve Topical, saturated…
x Reserve
1 Unitary reset
1 Unitary reset & start
1 Unitary restart
1 Unitary freeze
Any IED has kind of alarm management that deeply differs from the one used at system or SCADA level. An
alarm is any indication given to an operator to warn against a non standard condition, usually by LED
indications on IED (2 states ON/OFF), alarm list at upper level (with 4 states defined by STANDING/RESET,
NOT_ACK/ACKNOWLEDGE).
It is asked that IED alarms indication be accessed in one address. A DO can globally acknowledge/reset
alarms (but one alarm is maintained if condition is still present). In the cell words, a first byte is dedicated to
indicating alarm, a byte+8 to resetting each alarm.
M300
There is one command register in the M300 [@40047 (0x002F)]. This register is set using the function 6.
Each bit of the register corresponds to a different command:
Basic Address (Mapping Address) 0x002F

Extra Address 1 (bit Number) Bit number to write

Extra Address 2 (Modbus function) 6
Extra Address 3 (Not Used) x
MiCOM Px2 series
There are 3 command registers in the Px2x [@0x0400, @0x0402, 0x0403]. This register is set using the
function 5, 6 or 15. Each bit of the register corresponds to a different command:
@ Mot @Bit Usable Function Comment
0x0400 0x4000 0x400F 5, 6, 15 Remote control Word N° 1
Configuration using function 5 of the bit4 [Remote closing] of register 0x0400:
• Basic Address (Mapping Address) 0x4003
• Extra Address 1 (bit Number) X
Configuration using function 6 of the bit4 of register 0x0402:
• Basic Address (Mapping Address) 0x0402
• Extra Address 1 (bit Number) 4
Special commands used by the C26x:

@Bit Comment
0x400C Set in order to switch to manual acknowledgement mode for Event and Disturbance uploading
0x400D Set in order to acknowledge the latest Event
0x4032 Set in order to acknowledge the latest uploaded Disturbance

No specific treatment.
6.3.4.3.3 AOs
The analogue control or AO or Set point, or control reference is a value transmitted by the C26x to device
using the function 6 or 16. They can be used to define a reference (for physical output in regulation scheme,
generator…) or to define a protection parameter (threshold…).
The values to write must comply with formats and units described for Analogues Inputs (IEEE signed 754,
Integer / not signed on 1/2/4 bytes).
When several values at consecutive addresses can be written, IED must support writing to this block of
addresses.
6.3.4.3.4 Settings of the current relays
In order to parameterize the remote relays, a setting software is necessary.
The tool is Modbus connected on the rear (as commonly used by system in run time).

A front connection with the same software and same framing protocol at both customer validation and after
sale phase is recommended.
Setting software requirements:
• Interface with at least a DLL for Emission / Acceptance of messages developed by the supervisor
system, in order to use the tool with other link than serial port. Modbus messages are encapsulated by
system sub-station protocol to be used in system architecture.
• Possibility of inhibiting some options of the menu (pooling, disturbance upload …).
• Complete management of the function by the application (Timer on failure to reply, causes of
failure…).
• Off-line setting before download

• In run-time the Modbus master is the only master. The tool should not disturb the standard polling of
events and data.
6.3.4.3.5 Error management
6.3.4.3.5.1 Faults records
The processing of recommended Fault records is as follows:
• Creation of a zone dedicated to describing Fault, apart from the Fault proper
• Sorting of information according to the type of data.
The Fault Record has the same Modbus address for a whole range of products – that means, for all the IEDs
in the series the same address for the latest not acknowledged fault. A good practice is to have the same
address for all MiCOM products (e.g. 0x003E for not acknowledged FREC).
To access to the Fault Record, use the functions 3 or 4.
6.3.4.3.5.2 Alarms
Most IED LEDs can be configured for alarms. In most cases they are managed in a two-state way that differs
a lot from an IED to another or to the system (5 states).
An alarm is a standard event (time-stamped state change managed by event rules), stored in the IED till
acknowledgement, and that aims at warning the operator via a LED.
There are 2 kinds of alarm:
• TRIP (signalling that a control is sent to a breaker when a particular protective function is triggered)
• ALARM (other information intended for the operator)
Each alarm/trip indication is controlled by a bit in a set of consecutive cells (like Digital Inputs). Each bit
retains that alarm condition has been set (even if the condition is no more fulfilled). A global Digital Output
acknowledgement ‘Alarm/trip’ is used to reset all alarm indications. If one alarm condition is still fulfilled, the
corresponding bit is not changed by the IED, else it is reset (with an event generation).
When at least one alarm is set in alarm cells (single alarm appearance), the bit 7 of fast status byte is set.
When at least one Trip function is set in trip cells, the bit 6 of fast status byte is set.
Each bit is reset when all the alarm/trip appearance conditions have disappeared and a global ACK alarm
Digital Output is received.
A global ALARM/TRIP_ACK_DO is mapped (reset bit). IED mapping must explicitly give the list of cells/bits
indicating alarm/trip and effect on bits b6 and b7.
The answer to global ALARM_ACK_DO or global TRIP_ACK_DO (if applicable) to the C26x can never be
BUSY (no applicative mechanism, only transport error code).

The bits b6 and b7 are directly linked to LEDs on the front face. The rule manages only 2 states for LED ON
or OFF, and no third state is managed. The state ON can be fixed or blinking. The current mechanism is a
global acknowledgement AND clearance of alarm list if the alarm appearance condition has been reset.
6.3.4.3.6 Limits and specifications
It is mandatory that within the same range, each piece of equipment has the same operation as others:
• Management of events file (event format/file address/address of acknowledgement DO).

• Management of Fault records (fault format, base fault addresses, address descriptive zone, address of
acknowledgement DO…).
• DIs, DOs, AIs are grouped at identical base addresses.

• Format of AI.
• Format of Status.
• Address range of the fundamental data.
In order to use information coming from IED in fast automation, or to answer to the SCADA inquiries, or in
alarm tagging, the following specifications are recommended:
• Operating time, answering time to the various requests < 20 ms.

• Low-level address filtering of the irrelevant requests.
• Respect of MODBUS protocol control (correct CRC, parity check, separate message silence of 3.5-
char time, continuous flow in one message i.e. a silence limited to 1.5-char transmission time).
• Speed of communication: at least 19200 bauds (38400 is usual, 128000 is a future standard).
• If it is overbooked, a device must answer BUSY (exception code 06) or at least not answer (it is
reputed disconnected to be reconnected).
• An IED must answer with a delay lesser than 20ms.

• An IED can ask to implement a FAR BUSY (code 05) to solve an SRAM access problem. The C26x
repeats the request at N times its polling period. After 10 BUSY answers, the IED is disconnected.
The official number of devices on Modbus is 32, 16 on PSCN3020 and future system. Typically the
application engineers must not include more 8 IEDs to comply with common customer needs (triggered
analogues < 500ms, triggered DI < 100ms, physical ping as control/Digital Output/bi-stable/Digital
Input/alarm < 300ms, network avalanche profiles, …).

6.3.5 PARTICULAR MODBUS IEDS

Summary:
Extra Setting
IED Read status Synchroniz. DI AI Commands Tunneling
functions software
4, address 6 new
M230 – – – Set & read ISDP
1, length 3 formats
RishM10 – – not specified Generic Generic Generic –
Flexgate x Flexgate Generic Generic Generic
SEPAM x Sepam Generic Generic Generic SFT
WAGO x – Generic Generic SP: 15 bits
No disturbance files.
6.3.5.1 M230
In addition to the generic Modbus, to test IED communication, the function code 4, address 1, length 3 can
be used.
6.3.5.1.1 Data received from M230
No DIs.
Analogue Inputs are regularly polled.
The C26x supports six 32-bit extra formats of Analogue Inputs:
Format Value Bit 31 to 24 Bit 23 to 16 Bit 15 to 00
decimal
M230_T5_TYPE Unsigned.meas exponent Binary value unsigned
(signed)
decimal
M230_T6_TYPE Signed meas. exponent Binary value unsigned
(signed)
signed: Import/ Signed: Inductive/ Unsigned value (16
M230_T7_TYPE Power factor
Export (00/FF) capacitive (00/FF) bytes)
Reg. Low: unsigned
ION_MODULUS_10000_UNSIGNED 10000RH+RL Reg. High: unsigned value/10000
value modulus 10000
Reg. Low: signed value
ION_MODULUS_10000_SIGNED 10000RH+RL Reg. High: signed value/10000
modulus 10000
KITZ202_K8 Refer to KITZ202 documentation
The byte transmission order is: 4-3-2-1.
6.3.5.1.2 Data sent to M230

The M230 is NOT synchronized using Modbus.
Setting software: IDSP application can NOT be used to set Date and Time, only the front panel can.
The M230 does NOT process the commands.
The M230 can be set using the C26x's Tunneling mode. IDSP application M230 setting software can be
used through tunneling mode to set or read data.

6.3.5.2 RISH PRO M01

6.3.5.2.1 Initialization sequence
To establish a communication with the relay (upon start-up of the C26x), the C26x reads registers 202, 221,
222 (table of measurements) and registers 300 to 392 (scaling factors table).This initialization sequence is
done after each disconnection (i.e. loss of communication or communication error with the IED).
Without interruption:
Step C26x Rish Pro M01
State Request Frame State
1  connection
2 read "table of measurements"
3  measurements
4 read "scaling factors table"
5 Wait TimeOut
5bis  error
5ter Stand by
go to 2
6  end Time Out
7 Writes general status RUNNING
8 Stand by
Timeout Ready
Disconnection:
State Request Frame State
5 Wait TimeOut
6 disconnection
7 Stand by
8 Writes general status DCNX
6.3.5.2.2 Polling
The beginning of Digital Inputs and Analogue Inputs polling is delayed by a time-out starting at the end of the
Rish Pro M01 initialization. The C26x can send a synchronous frame during the initialization phase.
Depending on the function and the read use in this frame, the M01 answers with a correct frame or an
exception frame but does not invalidate the initialization.
The Rish Pro M01 has no register to read status value and the function 7 is not supported. So, to detect a
problem, the C26x uses the exception codes sent by the Rish Pro M01. Rish Pro M01 generates the error
codes that follow:
Code Description
01h Unsupported function code
Invalid memory register address: use of invalid register number or attempt to write to a memory protected
02h
register
03h Invalid data, i.e. an invalid number of registers
Device is busy. This code signals that the relay is occupied with functions performed via the local RS232
06h
interface (changing configuration, simulation or calibration of analogue outputs..)

Code Description
Possible change of rated values. The device configuration has been modified since the latest request for
0Ah measurements or this is the first request for measurements since the relay was switched on. Read the table of
measurements and the scaling factors table.
Error code 06h and 0Ah must be treated as a disconnection of the IED and a new initialization phase must
be completed before reading the Rish Pro M01 data. Other codes can be treated as usually.
Only errors from initialization sequence or polling DIs and AIs report an error code. Errors from synchronous
frame only generate an error message, but do not cause a new initialization sequence.
At reception of the message error code 0x6h or 0xAh, if the mode polling is active, reauthorize future polling.
The IED general status goes to INIT and the C26x goes to state "STAND BY" and extracts the event
"RISHM01 CNX".
In event of trouble, the IED sends the Modbus exception 'Busy'. The C26x considers the IED as
disconnected (that will force the initialization sequence to be redone) but DOES NOT PUT the IED
information to unknown.
6.3.5.3 FLEXGATE
6.3.5.3.1 Polling
Upon start-up of the C26x, a polling request is sent to determine the status (function 7). A response means
that the Flexgate IED is connected.
No Digital Inputs polling: a DI change is signaled by an event.
The C26x polls for fields ‘Internal status bits’ at address 18993 to 19000 with function 2:
Fields Address Description
Events pending bit 18993 Is there a new event ?
Is Flexgate IED synchronized with
Time is not sent from Modbus master within last 16 minutes 18994
C26x ?
Time is not synchronized by minute pulse within last 1.5 min 18995 Not used
6.3.5.3.2 Other data received from Flexgate

If an event is received (flag at Modbus address 18993), the C26x reads the events queue.
To read the events, the C26x realize an alternative reading between addresses 39001 and 39011, which
allows reading next event.
If the C26x reads the same address – without any other request in between – it gives the same event.
The Flexgate sends a response on six words. Refer to the converter documentation.
The C26x continues to read the event file until there is no new event. Then, it polls for the ‘Internal status
bits’.

Sequence numbers
In the event response, the sequence number is between 1 and 65535.
Reserved numbers:
• 0 indicates that there is no event anymore

• 1 indicates that the converter (Flexgate) has been reinitialized
• 50 indicates the re-initialization of the converter (Flexgate)
• 51 indicates an overflow events buffer. The event buffer size is 200. The Flexgate does not allow to
add new events until the event 51 is read. At this time, the C26x considers that one or more events
have been lost. Then it repeats the General Interrogation, and the cycle continues starting with the
internal status bits polling.
If a gap appears in the sequence number, the C26x considers that an event has been lost. Then it repeats
the General Interrogation; the cycle continues polling the internal status bits.
6.3.5.3.3 Data sent to Flexgate
The C26x sends Date and Time in one request with function 16 at Modbus addresses 49001…49007 (2328h
to 232Eh).
The following format is used to write the date: [year/month/day/hour/minutes/milliseconds since midnight] to
two words by data except for milliseconds which takes four words.
The C26x periodically sends the date to synchronize the Flexgate. The time must be sent with a period
smaller than 16 minutes.
As they are sent to a specific address, there can be only one Flexgate on the legacy bus.
Flexgate generates the following error code:
Code Description
Illegal data value, i.e. invalid number of register (send a “Configuration error” message to the
03h application and continue). Also used to indicate a hardware malfunction like an interlock condition
not ok on a protective relay
6.3.5.4 SEPAM
As for standard Modbus, three modes are available:
• ‘General Interrogation’: The C26x waits for the end of initialization, the disappearance of data loss
signal. Then, it polls for all the DIs.
• 'Desynchronized': events are NOT managed. The DIs are updated by polling. DIs are read and
decoded group by group. The status is read and decoded when all the groups have been read.
• 'Synchronized': events are managed. The C26x reads the status word, then the events. The DIs are
updated when the events are decoded.
6.3.5.4.1 Data received from Sepam
DIs
• Modes GI and ‘not synchronized’:
The C26x reads DI group with function 3 at address that follow:

Mode Address Sepam 40 Address Sepam 80
GI 0x100 to 0x10A 0xC10 to 0xC16

Mode Address Sepam 40 Address Sepam 80

‘not synchronized’ 0x100 to 0x10A 0xC90 to 0xC9F
When it receives a data, it decodes the status frame and the DI group frame.
• Mode ‘synchronized’:
The C26x reads the status frame (function 7) till it detects a data
it checks event and reads the event table using function 3 at address 0x40 with size 33.
it decodes the event frame and acknowledges using function 6 at address 0x40 with value
‘ExchangeNumber’ at 0.
6.3.5.4.2 Data sent to Sepam

Date and time format: [Day/month/Year Hour.Min:Ms] [14/5/38 6.43:16785] for the 38th year since 1970 (ie.
2008), the 14th May at 6 hours 43 minutes and 16785 milliseconds.
Address for synchronization: 0x0002.
6.3.5.5 WAGO
The Wago relay behaves generically except for the setpoints that are integers not signed on 15 bits.
6.4 DNP 3.0 COMMUNICATIONS

The purpose of this chapter is not to describe the DNP3 protocol but to specify the use of the DNP3 protocol
on a legacy bus of the C26x.
As the C26x is the master on the legacy bus - regards to protections and IEDs - this protocol is referenced
as “Master DNP3” in the C26x.
Here are described:
• Specific behaviours attached to the protocol DNP3

• Restriction and enhancement
• Part of the DNP3 protocol used and not used
6.4.2.1 INPUT
Object Variation Data GI Polling Function
01 0 Static BI (SPS) [1] READ
02 0 BI Event (SPS) [1] READ
20 0 Static Counter [1] READ
22 0 Counter Event [1] READ
30 0 Static Measurement [1] READ
32 0 Measurement Event [1] READ
60 01 Class 0 [1] READ

Object Variation Data GI Polling Function

60 02, 03, 04 Class 1,2,3 [1] READ
Note: BI, Measurement and Counter are polled with the variation 0. That means that all variations are required.
All other DNP3 objects are not treated.
6.4.2.2 OUTPUT
Object Variation Data Function Note
[3] SELECT Treated
Command: Control Relay
12 01 [4] OPERATE Treated
Output Block
[5] DIRECT OPERATE Treated
50 01 Time and Date [2] WRITE Treated
The DNP3 Master manages both direct control Command and Select before Operate for digital control only.
When operate command is received from application, the Master checks in database to know if the
command is:
• An execute command, which belongs to a SBO Control: OPERATE function is used in this case.
• A direct control: DIRECT OPERATE function is used is this case
6.4.3 BEHAVIOUR
• Synchronisation:
The “Master DNP3” is always synchronised by the C26x. No calculation of the transmission delay
is performed.
The DNP3 object used to synchronise IEDs is “Write Date and Time Request (Object 50, Variation
01).
Synchronisation is performed first at connection of an IED.
Then, synchronisation is sent cyclically to all the IEDs.
• Initialisation:
To connect an IED, a “Reset CU” (function 0) frame is sent to the IED.
When the response is OK, the Master DNP3 send a message to the application to tell that
connection step is passed.
Next step is General Interrogation
• General Interrogation:
When the IED is connected, the C26x ask for static data state and value with a sequence of:
Read BI,
Read Measurement,
Read TPI,
Read Counter
This Sequence is the General Interrogation. Next step is Polling

• Polling:
The polling cycle depends on the configuration:
class 0 only: the CURRENT value of a BI, measurement, or counter, …. is polled for. The GI polling
period is configurable using the “class 0 polling period” configuration parameter; when this
parameter is set to 0 second, there is no cyclic GI.
Poll Class 0 or Class 1 or Class 2 or Class 3: this is a poll for all EVENT data followed in return by
all (static) current data.
The polling cycle must be interrupted at minimum in the two following case:
Clock Synchronisation
Remote control
• Event acquisition:
Event occurs spontaneously. The slave device waits for being polled by the master. With unsolicited
reporting, Slave devices can send updates as values change, without having to wait for a poll from the
Master.
• IED monitoring:
A General Interrogation may be done after connection of an IED

• Digital inputs:
A DI is identified by an Index, associated with a pair “Object + Variation” which identify the type of
data.
Digital inputs which are received as state changes are identified by the DNP3 object number 02
Digital inputs which are received as static data are identified by the DNP3 object number 01
• Measurements:
A Measurement is identified by an Index, associated with a pair “Object + Variation” which identify
the type of data.
Both analogue and numeric measurements are treated
Measurements which are received as state changes are identified by the DNP3 object number 32
Measurements which are received as static data are identified by the DNP3 object number 30
• Counters:
A Counter is identified by an Index, associated with a pair “Object + Variation” which identify the
type of data.
Counters which are received as state changes are identified by the DNP3 object number 22
Counters which are received as static data are identified by the DNP3 object number 20

• Controls:
A Control is identified by an Index, associated with a pair “Object + Variation” which identify the
type of data.
In case of basic control (Set, Reset, Trip, Close), DNP3 object 12 is used with the Variation 01

6.4.6 MASTER DNP3.0 PROFILE

Vendor Name: Alstom
Device Name: DS Agile C26x
Highest DNP Level Supported:
Device Function:
For Requests Level 3
Master Slave
For Responses Level 3
Notable objects, functions, and/or qualifiers supported in addition to the Highest DNP Levels supported:
Maximum Data Link Frame Size (octets): Maximum Application Fragment Size (octets):
Transmitted 292 Transmitted 2048
(configurable: 15 to 2048 octets)
Received: (must be 292) Received 2048
Maximum Data Link Re-tries: Maximum Application Layer Re-tries:
None None
Fixed at Configurable, range to
Configurable, range 1 to 10 (Fixed is not permitted)
Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation:
Never
Always
Sometimes If ’Sometimes’, when?
Configurable If ’Configurable’, how?

User option to set Data Link Confirmation to:
Always – device will always request Data Link Confirmations.
Multi-packet only – the device will request Data Link Confirmations when sending multi-packet responses.
Never – the device will never request Data Link Confirmations.
Requires Application Layer Confirmation:
Never
Always (not recommended)
When reporting Event Data (Slave devices only)
When sending multi-fragment responses (Slave devices only)
Sometimes If 'Sometimes', when?
Configurable If 'Configurable', how?

Timeouts while waiting for:
Data Link Confirm None Fixed at 3s Variable Configurable
Complete Appl. Fragment None Fixed at Variable Configurable
Application Confirm None Fixed at Variable Configurable
Complete Appl. Response None Fixed at Variable Configurable
Others
Attach explanation if 'Variable' or 'Configurable' was checked for any timeout


Sends/Executes Control Operations:
WRITE Binary Outputs Never Always Sometimes Configurable
SELECT/OPERATE Never Always Sometimes Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE Never Always Sometimes Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE - NO ACK Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Count > 1 Never Always Sometimes Configurable

Pulse On Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Pulse Off Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Latch On Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Latch Off Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Queue Never Always Sometimes Configurable

Clear Queue Never Always Sometimes Configurable
Select timeout: configurable

6.4.7 DNP.3 LEVEL 3 IMPLEMENTATION TABLE

Underlined information in grey is not implemented
REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
Obj Var Description Func Codes (dec) Qual Codes (hex) FuncCode (dec) Qual Codes (hex)
1 0 Binary Input – All Variations 1, 22 00,01,06
1 1 Binary Input 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
1 2 Binary Input with Status 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
Binary Input Change - All
2 0 1 06,07,08
Variations
Binary Input Change without
2 1 1 06,07,08 129 17,28 (index)
Time
2 2 Binary Input Change with Time 1 06,07,08 129 17,28 (index)
Binary Input Change with
2 3 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,28
Relative Time
10 0 Binary Output - All Variations 1 00,01,06
10 1 Binary Output
10 2 Binary Output Status 1 00,01,06 129 00,01
12 1 Control Relay Output Block (1) 3,4,5,6 17,28 (index) 129 Request echo
20 0 Binary Counter - All Variations 1,7,8,9,10,22 00,01,06
20 1 32-Bit Binary Counter 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
20 2 16-Bit Binary Counter 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
32-Bit Binary Counter without
20 5 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
Flag
16-Bit Binary Counter without
20 6 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
Flag
Commands must be selected/executed on one point
21 0 Frozen Counter - All Variations 1 00,01,06
21 1 32-Bit Frozen Counter 1 00,01,06 129 00,01
21 2 16-Bit Frozen Counter 1 00,01,06 129 00,01
32-Bit Frozen Counter without
21 9 1 00,01,06 129 00,01
Flag
16-Bit Frozen Counter without
21 10 1 00,01,06 129 00,01
Flag
Counter Change Event - All
22 0 1 06,07,08
Variations
32-Bit Counter Change Event
22 1 1 06,07,08 129 17,18 (index)
without Time
22 2 1 06,07,08 129 17,18 (index)
without Time
22 5 1 06,07,08 129 17,18 (index)
with Time
22 6 1 06,07,08 129 17,18 (index)
with Time
Remarks:
Frozen counters (type21) are uploaded during general interrogation, but never polled after this.
Frozen Counter Event - All
23 0 1 06,07,08
Variations

REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
32-Bit Frozen Counter
23 1 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,18 (index)
Event without Time
16-Bit Frozen Counter
23 2 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,18 (index)
Event without Time
32-Bit Frozen Delta
23 3 Counter Event without 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,18
Time
16-Bit Frozen Delta
23 4 Counter Event without 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,18
Time
Analogue Input - All
30 0 1 00,01,06
Variations
30 1 32-Bit Analogue Input 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
30 2 16-Bit Analogue Input 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
32-Bit Analogue Input
30 3 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
without Flag
16-Bit Analogue Input
30 4 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
without Flag
Analogue Change Event -
32 0 1 06,07,08
All Variations
32-Bit Analogue Change
32 1 1 06,07,08 129 17,18 (index)
Event without Time
32 2 1 06,07,08 129, 17,18 (index)
Event without Time
32 3 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,18
Event with Time
32 4 1 06,07,08 129,130 17,18
Event with Time
Analogue Output Status -
40 0 1 00,01,06
All Variations
32-Bit Analogue Output
40 1 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
Status
40 2 1 00,01,06 129 00,01 (start-stop)
Status
41 1 5,6 17,28 (index) 129 Request echo
Block
41 2 5,6 17,28 (index) 129 Request echo
Block
Time and Date - All
50 0
Variations
50 1 Time and Date 1 07 (quantity=1) 129 07 (quantity=1)
50 2 Time and Date with Interval 2 07 (quantity=1)
51 1 Time and Date CTO 129,130 07 (quantity=1)
Unsynchronized Time &
51 2 129,130 07 (quantity=1)
Date CTO
52 1 Time Delay Coarse 129, 07 (quantity=1)
52 2 Time Delay Fine 129, 07 (quantity=1)
60 1 Class 0 Data 1 06
1 06,07,08
60 2 Class 1 Data
20,21,22 06

REQUEST RESPONSE
OBJECT
1 06,07,08
60 3 Class 2 Data
20,21,22 06
1 06,07,08
60 4 Class 3 Data
20,21,22 06
00 (start-stop)
2
80 1 Internal Indications (index=7)
1 00,01 (start-stop) 129 00,01 (start-stop)
No Object (Cold Restart) 13
No Object (Delay Measurement) 23
“On-line” Quality bit management:

The table below described the management of the DNP3 binary input status object for each SPS status. This
management is the same whether the information is with or without time tag. SBMC is off.
IEC 61850 SPS quality [0x00 VALID UNKNO
IEC 61850 Associated SPS State V V

State BS1[7] V X
Reserved BS1[6] X X
Chatter filter BS1[5] X X
Local Forced BS1[4] X X
Remote Forced BS1[3] X X
Comm.lost BS1[2] X X
RestartBS1[1] X X
On-line BS1[0] 1 0
V stands for received value or start-up value
“-“ stands for 0. When 0 is significant for the understanding, 0 appears in the cell.
“X” stands for “indifferent status bit”.
Note:
IEC 61850 TOGGLING, SELFCHECK FAULTY, SUPPRESSED, FORCED and SUBSTITUED status are not used with
DNP3 MASTER Protocol. When the IED is disconnected, the SPS status is set to “UNKNOWN”.

[0x [0x Unkno

DNP3 Meas. status obj. Valid [0x6000] Overrange
0000] 4100] wn
IEC MV VALUE V V V
Reserved [7] X X X
Reference error BS1[6] X X X
Over-range BS1[5] 0 0 1
LocalForced BS1[4] X X X
Remote Forced BS1[3] X X X
Comm.lost BS1[2] 0 1 X
RestartBS1[1] X X X
On-line BS1[0] 1 X X
For analogue inputs, the third column header becomes [0x4080] Undefined.
Self-
DNP3 counterstatus [0x [0x420 [0x Un- [0x Over-
Valid check
obj. object 0000] 0] faulty 4100] known 6000] range
Counter VALUE V V V V
Reserved [7] X X X X
Reserved BS1[6] X X X X
Roll-Over BS1[5] 0 0 0 1
Local Forced BS1[4] X X X X
Remote Forced BS1[3] X X X X
Comm.lost BS1[2] 0 0 1 X
RestartBS1[1] X X X X
On-line BS1[0] 1 0 X X
6.5 IEC 60870-5-103 COMMUNICATIONS

The purpose of this chapter is not to describe the T103 but to specify the use of the T103 protocol on a
legacy bus of the C26x.
As the C26x is the master on the legacy bus - regards to protections and IEDs - this protocol is referenced
as “Master T103” in the C26x.
Here are described:
• Specific behaviours attached to the protocol T103

• Restrictions and enhancements
• Part of the T103 protocol used and not used
• Specific behaviours attached to implementation of Private Range of T103

6.5.2.1 INPUT
ASDU Data Note
Dated Digital input (absolute dating)
1 Treated
Control acknowledgement
2 Dated Digital input (relative dating) Treated
3 Measurement Treated
4 Measurement: Default position Treated
5 Identification Not treated
6 Time synchronisation acknowledgement Treated
8 End of GI Treated
9 Measurement Treated
10 General Data Not treated (some measurements only)
11 General Identification Not treated
17 Measurement Reg D only
23 … 31 Disturbance file management Treated
45 Ack of Single Command MiCOM Px3x only
46 Ack of Double Command MiCOM Px3x only
Analog protection signal
49 MiCOM Px3x only
Only adress 0 which is DVICE: Device type
65 Single Point MiCOM Px3x only
66 Single Point with Time Tag MiCOM Px3x only
67 Double Point MiCOM Px3x only
68 Double Point with Time Tag MiCOM Px3x only
BitString 32 Bit without time tag pair FUN /TYP computed:
71 F8h / 70h: State of the IED MiCOM Px3x only
F8h / 74h: Request Station Interlock
72 BitString 32 Bit with time tag – see ASDU 71 MiCOM Px3x only
73 Measurement, Normalised value MiCOM Px3x only
77 Measurement MiCOM Px2x only
79 Energy Counter MiCOM Px3x only
6.5.2.2 OUTPUT
ASDU Data Note
6 Time synchronisation Treated
7 Request a GI Treated
20 Command Treated
23 … 31 Disturbance file management Treated
45 Single Command MiCOM Px3x only
46 Double Command MiCOM Px3x only
Read protection parameter
140 MiCOM Px3x only
Only address 0 which is DVICE: Device type
144 Setpoint Reg D only

6.5.3 BEHAVIOUR
6.5.3.1 SYNCHRONISATION
The “Master T103” link is always synchronised by the C26x. No calculation of the transmission delay is
performed.
6.5.3.2 POLLING
To connect an IED, a “Reset CU” frame is sent to the IED.
By default an IED is polled by a “Polling C2” frame, allowing to get “non priority information”.
If an IED signals it has “priority information”, it is polled with a “Polling C1” frame.
6.5.3.3 IED MONITORING

The “OUT_OF_SERVICE” state is managed. It corresponds to the “Lock of communication” [DI 20].
A GI may be done after each end of Tunnelling session.
The C26x may regularly look for Disturbance file presence
6.5.3.4 TUNNELLING MODE

During tunnelling mode, only polling C2 may be done by the C26x [Normally, if “priority information” is
present, the remote Master may send a “polling C1 frame”].
The C26x must spy the tunnelling exchange in order not to loose information [DI and AI change].
For security raison, at the end of a tunnelling session, a GI is done.
6.5.3.5 STATION INTERLOCKING

This functionality is only available on MiCOM P139 in private T103 range (Alstom D protocol variant)
After GI, and only if IED is MiCOM Px3x, we send a read on MiCOM Px3x parameter adress 0 which
corresponds to Device Type. If MiCOM Px3x responds with analog parameter set to 139, we activate Station
Interlocking Management.
Case of local control (front panel of the MiCOM P139) with Station interlock:
As soon as a user will try to control a switchgear by the front panel, the MiCOM P139 will send an ASDU 72
with FUN/TYP = F8h/74h in order to request to Alstom DS Agile system the station interlock conditions. The
DS Agile system should check whether the command is allowed (specific treatment done by CONDUITE of
the C26x) and respond to the MiCOM P139.
Case of remote control (from DS Agile system) with Station interlock:
As soon as a user tries to control a device managed by MiCOM P139 by DS Agile system through T103
communication, the MiCOM P139 sends an ASDU 72 with FUN/TYP = F8h/74h in order to request to DS
Agile system the station interlock conditions. The DS Agile system should respond to the MiCOM P139 with
a positive acknowledgement (checks have already been done before)
If station Interlock is de-activated on MiCOM P139, the control of a switchgear on MiCOM P139 by Alstom
DS Agile system through T103 communication is done by an EXECUTE ORDER (selection will be refused
by MiCOM P139)
6.5.3.6 REG D
The Reg D equipment manages 2 ASDU (144 and 17), for control of setpoints (144) and setpoint value
feedback (17), which is treated as a measurement in the C26x. Setpoints managed by the Reg D are "Direct
Execute" only, there is no SBO management. The Reg D setpoint command sequence is like the command
sequence (ASDU20). The C26x sends the setpoint (ASDU 144), with the setpoint value, the Reg D sends its
acknowledge (ASDU1), if the acknowledge is OK, the Reg D sends the setpoint value feedback (ASDU17).

6.5.3.7 TAPCON260
The Tapcon260 equipment supports ASDU 204 / FUN TYP=110/ INF=54 for TPI acquisition. Nevertheless,
the object type in SCE must be MV, not TPI.
6.5.4.1 DIGITAL INPUTS

An ASDU number [(1,2) in public Range],[(66,67,68,69) in private Range]
A DI is identified by a pair (Function Type, Information Number).
Digital inputs are received as state changes.
Special DI may be managed:
• DI 20: Lock of the communication. A GI must be done when the communication is unlocked
• DI 23 to 26: Change of configuration number
• DI which are not transmitted during a GI. For these DI, the IED signals only state change from OFF to
ON. The C26x must generate by itself the change from ON to OFF.
A Measurement is identified by:
• An ASDU Number [(3,4,9) in public range, (10, 21, 73,77) in private range]
• a pair (Function Type, Information Number)
• the rank of the Measurements in the ASDU
• the kind of Measurements [Current, Voltage, Power, Frequency, Other]
• the common address of ASDU
ASDU 21 and 10 provide the acquisition of the following measurements coming from P44x relay:
• Current tripping values

• Residual voltages and currents
• Sum of trips
• Sum of cut amperes
The C26x polls regularly the cells containing the measurement values.
It reads by ASDU 21 a single entry:
Description TI VSQ COT ADR FUN INF RII NOG GIN KOD
Measurement 15H 81H 2AH CAD FEH F4H x 1 Courier cell number 1
TI = Type identification
VSQ = variable structure qualifier
COT = cause of transmission
ADR = CAD = common address
FUN = function number

INF = information number

RII = Return information identifier
NOG = Number Of Generic identification
GIN = Generic Identification Number
ASDU 10 provides the response.
6.5.4.3 BITSTRING 32-BITS:

The state of the IED is identify by the ASDU 71 or 72 with pair FUN / TYP = F8h / 70h. This ASDU describes
the status of the IED (Station Interlocking active or not …)
A request to check station interlocking is identify by the ASDU 71 or 72 with pair FUN / TYP = F8h / 74h. In
this request, the pair FUN/TYP of the command to spend is defined.
6.5.4.4 ANALOG PROTECTION SIGNAL (ASDU 49):

Only for MiCOM Px3x, an analogue protection signal is received after GI
Only address 0 is managed. It is used to recognise MiCOM P139 in order to activate station interlocking
management.
6.5.4.5 ENERGY COUNTER (ASDU 79):

Only for MiCOM Px3x, four energy counters are available.
Energy counters are identified by:
• An ASDU number (79) in private range

• a pair Function Type, Information number
• the rank of the counter in the ASDU
• the common address of the ASDU
Description TI VSQ COT ADR FUN INF DB0-DB4 DB5-DB9 DB10-DB14 DB15-DB19
Energy
4FH 04H 01H CAD F8H 6CH Active + Active - Reactive + Reactive -
counter
TI = Type identification
VSQ = variable structure qualifier
COT = cause of transmission
ADR = CAD = common address
FUN = function number
INF= information number
DB0-DB4 = active energy output
DB5-DB9 = active energy input
DB10-DB14 = reactive energy output
DB15-DB19 = reactive energy input
Format of the energy counter value
Value
Value
Value

S Value
IV CA CY Sequence number
S: 0 Value positive, 1 = value negative

CY: 0 = no carry, 1= carry
CA: 0 = not adjusted, 1 = adjusted
6.5.5.1 CONTROLS
An ASDU Number and a pair (Function Type, Information Number) identify a control.
The acknowledgement of a control is to be waited as:
• A DI with the same (Function Type, Information Number) as the control and with a ‘Cause Of
Transmission’ equals to ‘positive return’ or ‘negative return’ in public range
• A ASDU 45 or 46 with a ‘Cause Of Transmission’ equals to ‘end of activation OK’ or ‘en of activation
KO’, or ‘deactivation OK’, or ‘deactivation KO’ in private range
6.5.5.2 SETPOINTS CONTROLS:

A setpoint control is identified by an ASDU Number plus a pair (Function Type, Information Number). In the
case of the Reg D equipment the ASDU is 144.
The acknowledgement of a setpoint control is to be waited as:
• A DI (ASDU 1) with the same (Function Type, Information Number) as the control and with a ‘Cause
Of Transmission’ equals to ‘positive return’ or ‘negative return’ in public range.
• An ASDU 17 with a ‘Cause Of Transmission’ equals to ‘Local Operation’ in public range. The ASDU is
a measurement which contains the setpoint feedback value.
6.5.5.3 READ PROTECTION PARAMETER:

Only for MiCOM Px3x, a read of protection parameter (ASDU 140) address 0 (Device Type) is sent to IED
The IED responds with ASDU 49 in which Device Type is set (139 if IED is a MiCOM P139 for example).
6.5.5.4 ASDU 232 / 105 MANAGEMENT

It allows to send control to IEC60870-5-103 legacy IED. It requires to manage also the ASDU 105 as
response to ASDU 232.
Comparing ASDU232 & ASDU20
ASDU232 ASDU20
Field Value Field Value
ASDU No E8H ASDU No 14H
VSQ 81H VSQ 81H
COT 14H COT 14H
Device address @ied Common Address of ASDU @ied
DN2 Cfg Function type Cfg
DN3 Cfg Information Number Cfg
DC0 1=OFF; 2=ON DC0 1=OFF; 2=ON
X 0 RII Set by master

Comparing ASDU105 & ASDU01

ASDU105 ASDU01
Field Value Field Value
ASDU No 69H ASDU No 01H
VSQ 81H VSQ 81H
COT 45H, 46H, 47H, 7FH COT 14H, 15H, 0BH
Device address @ied Common Address of ASDU @ied
DN2 Idem ASDU232 Function type Idem ASDU20
DN3 Idem ASDU232 Information Number Idem ASDU20
DPI 1=OFF; 2=ON DPI 1=OFF; 2=ON
X 0 msLow
Four octet binary
msLow msHigh time
msHigh IV 0 mmmmmm
Four octet binary time CP32Time2a
IV 0 mmmmmm SU 00 hhhhhh
CP32Time2a
SU 00 hhhhhh SIN Idem RII ASDU20
Configuration
Management of commands through ASDU 232.
• The ASDU number [232]

• DN2 & DN3 (respectively ‘y’ & ‘x’ component of PID)
Management of state through ASDU 105.
• The ASDU number [232]

• DN2 & DN3 (respectively ‘y’ & ‘x’ component of PID)
DN2 & DN3 will be given – respectively – as ‘Function type’ & ‘Information Number’.

6.6 IEC 60870-5-101 COMMUNICATIONS
6.6.1 PURPOSE
The purpose of this chapter is not to describe the T101 protocol but to specify the implementation of T101
protocol on a legacy bus inside the C26x.
6.6.2 MASTER IEC 60870-5-101 PROFILE

The companion standard presents sets of parameters and alternatives from which subsets have to be
selected to implement particular telecontrol systems. Certain parameters values, such as the number of
bytes in the COMMON ADDRESS of ASDUs represent mutually exclusive alternatives. This means that only
one value of the defined parameters is admitted per system.
summarises the parameters of the previous clauses to facilitate a suitable selection for a specific application.
The selected parameters should be marked in the white boxes as follows:
Function or ASDU is not used
⌧ Function or ASDU is used as standardised (default)

The possible selection (blank, X) is specified for each specific clause or parameter.
Note: In addition, the full specification of a system may require individual selection of certain parameters for certain
parts of the system, such as the individual selection of scaling factors for individually addressable measured values.
6.6.2.1 SYSTEM OR DEVICE

(system specific parameter, indicates the definition of a system or a device by marking one of the following
with ‘X’)
System definition
⌧ Controlled station definition (Slave)
6.6.2.2 NETWORK CONFIGURATION

(network specific parameter, all configurations that are used are marked ‘X’)
⌧ Point-to-point ⌧ Multipoint-party line
⌧ Multiple point-to-point ⌧ Multipoint-star

6.6.2.3 PHYSICAL LAYER

(network specific parameter, all interfaces and data rates that are used are marked ‘X’)
Transmission speed (control direction)
Standard
> 1200 bits/s
⌧ 100 bits/s ⌧ 2400 bits/s ⌧ 2400 bits/s 56000 bits/s
⌧ 1200 bits/s ⌧ 38400 bits/s
Transmission speed (monitor direction)

Standard
> 1200 bits/s
⌧ 1200 bits/s ⌧ 38400 bits/s
6.6.2.4 LINK LAYER

(network specific parameter, all options that are used are marked ‘X’. Specify the maximum frame length).
companion standard.
⌧ Balanced transmission Not present (balanced transmission only)
⌧ Unbalanced transmission ⌧ One octet
⌧ Two octets
⌧ Structured
⌧ Unstructured
Frame length (number of bytes)
255 Maximum length L in control direction
up to 255 Maximum length L in monitor direction – configurable

6.6.2.5 APPLICATION LAYER

companion standard.
⌧ One octet ⌧ Two octets

⌧ One octet ⌧ Structured
⌧ Two octets ⌧ Unstructured
⌧ Three octets
⌧ One octet ⌧ Two octets (with originator address)

Set to zero in case of no originator address.
⌧ <1> := Single-point information M_SP_NA_1
⌧ <2> := Single-point information with time tag M_SP_TA_1
⌧ <3> := Double-point information M_DP_NA_1
⌧ <4> := Double-point information with time tag M_DP_TA_1
⌧ <5> := Step-position information M_ST_NA_1
⌧ <6> := Step-position information with time tag M_ST_TA_1
<7> := BitString of 32 bit M_BO_NA_1
<8> := BitString of 32 bit with time tag M_BO_TA_1
⌧ <9> := Measured value, normalized value M_ME_NA_1
⌧ <10> := Measured value, normalized value with time tag M_ME_TA_1
⌧ <11> := Measured value, scaled value M_ME_NB_1
⌧ <12> := Measured value, scaled value with time tag M_ME_TB_1
⌧ <13> := Measured value, short floating point value M_ME_NC_1
⌧ <14> := Measured value, short floating point value with time tag M_ME_TC_1
⌧ <15> := Integrated totals M_IT_NA_1
⌧ <16> := Integrated totals with time tag M_IT_TA_1
<17> := Event of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TA_1
<18> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TB_1
<19> := Packed output circuit transmission of protection equipment with time tag M_EP_TC_1
<20> := Packed single-point information with status change detection M_PS_NA_1
⌧ <21> := Measured value, normalized value without quality descriptor M_ME_ND_1
⌧ <30> := Single-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M_SP_TB_1

⌧ <31> := Double-point information with time tag CP56Time2a M_DP_TB_1

⌧ <32> := Step-position information with time tag CP56Time2a M_ST_TB_1
<33> := Bistring of 32 bits with with time tag CP56Time2a M_BO_TB_1
⌧ <34> := Measured value, normalized with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TD_1
⌧ <35> := Measured value, scaled with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TE_1
⌧ <36> := Measured value, short floating point number with time tag CP56Time2a M_ME_TF_1
⌧ <37> := Integrated totals with time tag CP56Time2a M_IT_TB_1
<38> := Event of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TD_1
<39> := Packed start events of protection equipment with time tag CP56Time2a M_EP_TE_1
Packed output circuit information of protection equipment with time tag
<40> := M_EP_TF_1
CP56Time2a

⌧ <45> := Single command C_SC_NA_1
⌧ <46> := Double command C_DC_NA_1
⌧ <47> := Regulating step command C_RC_NA_1
⌧ <48> := Set point command, normalized value C_SE_NA_1
⌧ <49> := Set point command, scaled value C_SE_NB_1
⌧ <50> := Set point command, short floating point value C_SE_NC_1
<51> := BitString of 32 bits C_BO_NA_1

⌧ <70> := End of initialisation M_EI_NA_1

⌧ <100> := Interrogation command C_IC_NA_1
⌧ <101> := Counter Interrogation Command C_CI_NA_1
<102> := Read command C_RD_NA_1
⌧ <103> := Clock synchronisation command C_CS_NA_1
⌧ <104> := Test command C_TS_NB_1
<105> := Reset process command C_RP_NC_1
<106> := Delay acquisition command C_CD_NA_1

<111> := Parameter of measured value, scaled value P_ME_NB_1
<112> := Parameter of measured value, short floating point value P_ME_NC_1


<113> := Parameter activation P_AC_NA_1
File transfer
⌧ <120> := File ready F_FR_NA_1
⌧ <121> := Section ready F_SR_NA_1
⌧ <122> := Call directory, select file, call file, call section F_SC_NA_1
⌧ <123> := Last section, last segment F_LS_NA_1
⌧ <124> := Ack file, ack section F_AF_NA_1
⌧ <125> := Segment F_SG_NA_1
⌧ <126> := Directory F_DR_TA_1
Special use
• (station-specific parameter, mark each type ID ‘X’ if it is only used in the standard direction, ‘R’ if only
used in the reverse direction, and ‘B’ is used in both directions)
• None

(station-specific parameters)
Shaded boxes are not required.
Mark type identification/cause of transmission combinations:
‘X’ if used only in the standard direction
‘R’ if used only in the reverse direction
‘B’ if used in both directions
20 37
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 to to 44 45 46 47
36 41
<1> M_SP_NA_1 X X X X X
<2> M_SP_TA_1 X X X
<3> M_DP_NA_1 X X X X X
<4> M_DP_TA_1 X X X
<5> M_ST_NA_1 X X X X X
<6> M_ST_TA_1 X X X
<7> M_BO_NA_1
<8> M_BO_TA_1
<10> M_ME_TA_1 X
<12> M_ME_TB_1 X


<14> M_ME_TC_1 X
<15> M_IT_NA_1 X X
<16> M_IT_TA_1 X
<17> M_EP_TA_1
<18> M_EP_TB_1
<19> M_EP_TC_1
<20> M_PS_NA_1
<21> M_ME_ND_1 X X X
<30> M_SP_TB_1 X X
<31> M_DP_TB_1 X X
<32> M_ST_TB_1 X X
<33> M_BO_TB_1
<34> M_ME_TD_1 X
<35> M_ME_TE_1 X
<36> M_ME_TF_1 X
<37> M_IT_TB_1 X
<38> M_EP_TD_1
<39> M_EP_TE_1
<40> M_EP_TF_1
<45> C_SC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X X
<46> C_DC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X X
<47> C_RC_NA_1 X X X X X X X X X
<48> C_SE_NA_1 X X X X X X X X X
<49> C_SE_NB_1 X X X X X X X X X
<50> C_SE_NC_1 X X X X X X X X X
<51> C_BO_NA_1
<70> M_EI_NA_1 X
<100> C_IC_NA_1 X X X
<101> C_CI_NA_1 X X X
<102> C_RD_NA_1
<103> C_CS_NA_1 X X
<104> C_TS_NA_1 X X
<105> C_RP_NA_1
<106> C_CD_NA_1
<110> P_ME_NA_1
<111> P_ME_NB_1
<112> P_ME_NC_1
<113> P_AC_NA_1
<120> F_FR_NA_1 X
<121> F_SR_NA_1 X
<122> F_SC_NA_1 X
<123> F_LS_NA_1 X
<124> F_AF_NA_1 X


<125> F_SG_NA_1 X
<126> F_DR_TA_1 X X
6.6.2.6 BASIC APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

(station-specific parameter, mark ‘X’ if function is used)
Remote initialisation
⌧ Cyclic data transmission

Read procedure
Read procedure
⌧ Spontaneous transmission
Link state between Controlling and Controlled Station
⌧ Management of the COM lost (Problem detecting on the link)
⌧ Management of the COM recovering (Problem not detecting on the link)

⌧ Global
Group 1 Group 7 Group 13
Group 5 Group 11 Addresses per group have to be defined
Group 6 Group 12


⌧ Global
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4

⌧ Clock synchronisation
Notes: The controlled station reports the change of hour by sending a clock synchronisation message (ASDU 103) to the controlling
station.
⌧ Direct command transmission
⌧ Direct set-point command transmission
⌧ Select and execute command
⌧ Select and execute set-point command
⌧ C_SE_ACTTERM used (returned to the controlling station to signal the end of a control sequence)
⌧ No additional definition
Persistent output
Mode A: local freeze with spontaneous transmission
Mode B: local freeze with counter interrogation
Mode C: freeze and transmit by counter interrogation commands
Mode D: freeze by counter interrogation command, frozen values reported spontaneously
⌧ Counter read ⌧ General request counter
Counter freeze without reset Request counter group 1
Counter freeze with reset Request counter group 2
Counter reset Request counter group 3
Request counter group 4

Parameter loading
Threshold value
Smoothing factor

Act/deact of persistent cyclic or periodic transmission of the addressed object

Test procedure
⌧ Test procedure
File transfer
(station-specific parameter), mark ‘X’ if function is used)
File transfer in monitor direction
⌧ Transparent file
⌧ Transmission of disturbance data of protection equipment
⌧ Transmission of sequences of events

Transparent file
Background scan
⌧ Background scan

Digital Inputs and Analog Inputs, management events priorities.

See: T101 standard Amendment 2 §7.2.2.2

6.6.2.7 APPLICATION FUNCTIONS

The following IEC-60870-5-5 standard application processes are required to be supported.
Station Initialisation
Station initialisation consists of a reset of the communications link (a “Reset CU” frame and a Time
Synchronisation message are sent to the IED), followed by a general interrogation of the controlled station.
Once this initialisation sequence is performed, the controlling station can start the polling for data report.
Communications failure
Communications to the controlled station must be re-initialised by the controlling station when the frame
repeat process has completed without successfully transmitting the frame (ie the frame time-out period times
the number of repeats).
If the controlled station fails to communicate with the controlling station then the controlling station should
perform a communications system initialisation for that controlled station.
Controlled station failure
The controlled station shall indicate to the controlling station that it has initialised by sending a frame
indicating End of Initialisation with a Cause of Initialisation (COI) field, which will identify the reason for the
initialisation.
Data Acquisition by Polling
The default for all analogue values shall be reporting as Class 2 data (COT=1, periodic/cyclic, or COT = 2,
BackgroundScan cyclic).
Values returned as Class 2 data do not have a time tag (since they are constantly repeated).
The controlled station may return Class 1 data in response to a Class 2 request if no Class 2 data is
available and Class 1 data is awaiting transmission.
At the controlled station, if a request for Class 2 data is received and no data is available a negative
response, data not available, shall be returned to the controlling Station. The negative response is a fixed
length frame (FC=9) or the Single Control Character (E5), which in this case is treated as a NACK.
By default an IED is polled by a “Polling C2” frame, allowing to get “non priority information”. If an IED signals
it has “priority information” (ACD bit set), it is polled with a “Polling C1” frame.
Normal Acquisition of Events
The default for all status changes are reported as Class 1 data (COT=3, spontaneous).
Values returned as Class 1 data shall have a time tag (either CP24Time2a, or CP56Time2a).
Status changes at the controlled station shall cause the ACD bit to be set in the next Class 1 or Class 2 data
response. The controlling station shall respond to ACD set by inserting a scan for Class 1 (spontaneous)
data as the next scan.
The response to a Class 1 data request shall also have the ACD bit set if more Class 1 data is awaiting
transmission. In this case a further scan for Class 1 data shall be scheduled by the controlling station.
Abnormal Acquisition of Events
At the controlled station, if a request for Class 1 data is received and no data is available an error should be
raised and a negative response, data not available, returned to the controlling Station. The negative
response shall be a fixed length frame (FC=9) or the single Control Character (E5), which in this case is
treated as a NACK (configurable).
At the controlling station, if a response to a scan for Class 1 data indicates no data is available, an error shall
be raised and scanning returned to Class 2 data requests.
General Interrogation
The GI returns the current status information directly from the C26x database.
Time tags are not used for data items returned as part of the GI response.

The GI groups are not supported, only the global general interrogation is supported.
The System (including the controlled station) may have different synchronisation sources (IRIG-B, SCADA).
When the controlling station sends to controlled station a clock synchronisation and if the system is not
synchronised by another source: the clock synchronisation response is positive.
When the controlling station send to controlled station a clock synchronisation and if the system (including
the controlled station) is synchronised by another source: the clock synchronisation response is negative.
Time stamping
All Class 1 data are time-tagged with:
• either the 3 bytes time-stamp (CP24Time2a), giving minutes & millisec within the hour
• or the 7 bytes time-stamp (CP56Time2a), giving minutes, milliseconds, hours, day, month and year
according to the C26x configuration.
In case of using relative time-Tag (CP24Time2a), the controlled station reports:
• the change of hour

• any time correction
• by sending a clock synchronisation message (ASDU 103) to the controlling station, as Class 1 data,
with a cause of transmission spontaneous (3); the first frame is broadcast, the subsequent ones are
sent point to point.
At initialisation or disconnection IEDs are not synchronised.
If the difference between IED time and C26x time is higher than 1s, the IED is considered to be not
synchronised.
The invalid bit in the time-stamp is set when the time source is not available.
If the datapoint validity changes to “unknown” then it can be time-stamped as the latest received event or at
the date of the change.
All control commands are Select Before Operate, or Direct Execute.
For only the control commands: Activation termination is returned to the controlling station to signal the end
of a control sequence.
The QU field of the Qualifier of Command shall be set to zero (0), no additional definition.
Test procedure
A test command may be issued by the controlling station to ensure the availability of the communications link
and the commands subsystem.
Test commands are received at the controlled station on the active link. The controlled station mirrors the
test command, on the link from which it was received, with a cause of transmission indicating activation
confirmation.
An error response is sent if the command is incorrect, with a cause of transmission indicating negative
activation confirmation.
In the case of balanced mode, the controlled station may also send a test command to the controlling station,
to ensure the availability of the communications link as there is no polling made by the controlling station.


NETWORK MONITORING
C26X/EN NM/C57
DS Agile C26x Network Monitoring
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 Ethernet Switch boards in the DS Agile C26x 3
1.2 Ethernet Switch names 3
1.3 C26x Ethernet switch boards 3
2 SWR21X RANGE - DUAL RING ARCHITECTURE 4

2.1 Fast redundant ring capability 4
2.1.1 Self healing ring 4
2.1.2 Ethernet switch with Self-healing ring facilities 5
2.1.3 Alstom Ethernet ring redundancy 5
2.1.4 Ethernet system performance 6
2.1.5 Max time of end-to-end delay 6
2.1.6 Benefits 7
2.2 SNMP Management 7
2.2.1 SWR21x - MIB Structure 7
2.2.2 SNMP Client Software 8
2.3 LEDs 9
2.4 Settings 10
2.4.1 Internal Jumpers 10
2.4.2 Address of the board 10
2.4.3 IP Address of the repeater 11
2.5 Connections 11
3 SWD21X RANGE – DUAL HOMING ARCHITECTURE 12

3.1 Dual homing Switch Description 12
3.2 Ethernet Management 12
3.2.1 10Base T and 100Base Tx 12
3.2.2 Power management 12
3.2.3 Address look up 13
3.2.4 Back pressure for half duplex 13
3.2.5 Auto Negotiation and Speed-Sensing 13
3.2.6 Forwarding 13
3.2.7 Priority tagging 13
3.2.8 Flow control 13
3.4 LEDs 14
3.5 Settings 15
3.6 Connections 15
4 SWT21X RANGE – ETHERNET TEAMING 15

4.1 Teaming (Hot Standby redundancy) 15
4.1.1 Redundancy ports 15
4.1.2 Network topology 15
4.1.3 Performance 15
4.4 LEDs 15
C26x/EN NM/C57 NM-1

Network Monitoring DS Agile C26x
4.5 Settings 15
4.6 Connections 15
5 SWU20X RANGE – STAR ARCHITECTURE 16

5.1 Ethernet Port Switching Features 16
6 SRP28X RANGE – DUAL STAR ARCHITECTURE (PRP) 17

6.1 Functional Description 17
6.1.1 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) 17
6.1.2 Time Synchronisation 19
6.1.3 SRP28x Functional Composition 22
6.1.4 TELNET Port 27
6.2 LEDs and connections 27
NM-2 C26x/EN NM/C57

1 INTRODUCTION
DS Agile Ethernet switches are designed to address the needs of a wide range of electric plant. Emphasis
has been placed on strong compliance to standards, scalability, modularity and open architecture.
These facilitate use in a range of applications from the most basic to the most demanding. They also ensure
interoperability with existing components.
Alstom’s philosophy is to provide a range of Ethernet products such as switches that match all the general
requirements needed in an electric substation: power supply, immunity to environmental constraints.
It provides also solutions to specific requirement like for example network redundancy management and high
availability performances.
Each of these boards can be used in the "C26x-Standalone” RTU application or can be integrated to a Digital
Control System (DCS) (such as DS Agile) or to various types of system and SCADA architectures.
1.1 ETHERNET SWITCH BOARDS IN THE DS AGILE C26X

Driven by the requirements around the world for advanced applications in SCADA, Digital Control Systems,
Automation, control and monitoring, Alstom has designed and continues to expand a comprehensive range
of products that communicate via Ethernet links.
Electric plant requirements lead to constraints that are rarely met by standard Ethernet products:
environmental, power supply, redundancy, etc.
Alstom's ranges of Ethernet switches, the DS Agile Hxxx, as well as SWxxx/SRPxxx, are especially tailored
for the DS Agile system. The DS Agile Hxxx and SWxxx/SRPxxx ranges are designed to address the needs
of a wide range of installations, from small to large and customer applications.
1.2 ETHERNET SWITCH NAMES

Basically the naming of Ethernet switch boards depends on its facilities and its interface: copper, optical
single-mode, optical multi-mode.
The existing devices are:
 SWU2xx Ethernet Switch board for Ethernet Star Architecture

 SWR2xx Ethernet Switch board for Ethernet Dual Ring Architecture
 SWD2xx Ethernet Switch board for Ethernet Dual Star Architecture
 SRP2xx Ethernet Switch board for Ethernet Dual Star PRP Architecture
1.3 C26X ETHERNET SWITCH BOARDS

The SWxxx/SRPxxx Ethernet switch board ranges is composed of managed switches, easy to install and
operate, designed to be implemented in an electric plant environment (IEC 61000-4 & 60255-5).
On the media side, the range supports 10BaseT, 100BaseTX and 100BaseFX as specified by the IEEE
802.3 committee. Management of the full duplex is available for 100BaseTx or 100BaseFx.
To adapt the switch to your application you have to configure the necessary parameters with “jumpers”
located on the board.
C26x/EN NM/C57 NM-3

2 SWR21X RANGE - DUAL RING ARCHITECTURE

The SWR21x range is dedicated for fast redundant Ethernet ring. All SWR21boards have 4 Copper
connections through RJ45, with speed automatically adjusted from external emitters to 10 or 100 Mbps.
Copper Ethernet link is limited in distance and subject to perturbation. The Ethernet redundant ring is based
on optical inter-switch connection, depending on the link length. The user may choose between Multi-mode
Fibre optic, or Single mode Fibre Optic for long distance.
Model Description Connectors
SWR212 Fast Ethernet industrial switch 4 x RJ45
(Ref: ZP0021001) Multimode 1300 nm 2 x ST
SWR214 Fast Ethernet industrial switch 4 x RJ45
(Ref: ZP0021002) Single mode 1310 nm 2 x SC
2.1 FAST REDUNDANT RING CAPABILITY
2.1.1 SELF HEALING RING

Ethernet switches learn MAC addresses in order to switch packets to their destination port, and save the
addresses in their memory as long as they are active. If a MAC address ceases to be active, it is aged out of
the switch memory after a few minutes.
This switch-address-ageing delay presents a problem when a LAN needs to be reconfigured quickly.
There is no benefit to having a fast ring recovery technique if the switch members of the ring prevent
Ethernet traffic from moving to the recovery traffic path.
With the Alstom redundant ring, whether or not there is a fault on the ring, the switches on the ring see no
difference in the advance of the frame: there is no need to reset a switch or to relearn the MAC address.
MiCOM H35 MiCOM H35
MiCOM H15 MiCOM H15
S0204ENa
Figure 1: Self-Healing ring mechanism
NM-4 C26x/EN NM/C57

2.1.2 ETHERNET SWITCH WITH SELF-HEALING RING FACILITIES

The SWR21x is a “repeater” with a standard 802.3 Ethernet switch plus the self healing manager (SHM). The
following drawing describes the internal architecture of such device.
Ethernet Ports 10/100 Base TX
MDIO bus FLASH

SWITCH
Port MII
SHM N°
Failsafe Self healing ring
output relays manager
100Mbs Full duplex

opto opto
Primary Fiber
Secondary Fiber
Optical Ring
C0420ENa
Figure 2: Internal architecture of SWR21x board
2.1.3 ALSTOM ETHERNET RING REDUNDANCY

The SHM functions manage the ring. If the optic Fibre connection between two devices is broken, the
network continues to run correctly.
During nominal situation, Ethernet packet goes in primary Fibre always in the same direction, and only a
checking frames (4 bytes) is sent every 5s in secondary Fibre in the opposite direction.
If link is cut, both SHM start immediately the network self-healing. At one side messages receive are no more
emitted to the primary fibre but to the secondary fibre. On the other side of the cut off, messages received to
secondary are emitted to primary and the new topological loop is closed.
Thanks to this property it is possible to extend the number of equipments or the size of a sub-station without
stopping exploitation. When the loop is open, new equipments are connected on one side and the redunded
loop is closed.
To increase the reliability some specific mechanisms are used:
 Watching the quality of transmission. Each frame (Ethernet packet or checking frame) is controlled by
the SHM. A detection of large error rate will eliminate the faulty link and start automatically the self
healing,
 Supervising the link same in the absence of traffic on the primary link (every 5 s checking frames are
sending to test the link). The link is supervised permanently with the real frame.
C26x/EN NM/C57 NM-5

2.1.4 ETHERNET SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Primary fiber
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
switch switch switch

switch switch
RP EP
C D E
A B
ES RS
Secondary fiber S0206ENa
Figure 3: Nominal redundant Ethernet ring architecture with DS Agile SWR21x and Hx5x switches
Primary fiber
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
switch switch switch

switch switch
RP EP
C D E
A B
ES RS
Secondary fiber S0207ENa
Figure 4: Ethernet ring architecture with DS Agile SWR21x and Hx5x switches, after failure
2.1.5 MAX TIME OF END-TO-END DELAY

To calculate the time from end to end, use the following table based on the nominal situation:
Send a Goose frame from... to… Time at 100Mbps Abr. Comments
IED 1 to Switch A 22 µs 262 bytes + inter-frame
Switch A to IED 2 22 µs Store and forward mechanism
Switch A to the network 2 µs tl Repeater latency time
Propagation time on the fibre µs 4.8 µs /km
Network to network 2 µs tl Repeater latency time
When the frame circulates on the ring, it does not cross the switch; the transit time is only tl.
NM-6 C26x/EN NM/C57

2.1.6 BENEFITS
 Ultra fast ring redundant capability (< 1ms for network reconfiguration)
 Fast propagation on the ring (no transfer time (Store-forward mechanism) with the switch)
 No central redundancy manager
 Specific mechanism of frames checking
 Ring management
2.2 SNMP MANAGEMENT

Simple Network Management Protocol is the network protocol developed to manage devices on an IP
network. With SNMP the available information is defined by Management Information Bases (MIB). The
format of SNMP data takes the form of a tree structure, with each node in the tree being identified by a
numerical Object IDentifier (OID). Each OID identifies a variable that can be read or set via SNMP with an
appropriate software. The information in the MIBs is standardised.
2.2.1 SWR21X - MIB STRUCTURE

The SNMP MIB consists in distinct OIDs; each of them refers to a defined collection of specific information
used to manage devices on the Alstom ring. The Alstom MIB uses two types of OID.
System:
Address Name
0 Ccitt
1 ISO
3 Org
6 DOD
1 Internet
2 mgmt
1 Mib-2
1 sys
1 sysDescr Alstom switch
Optical Link Status :
1 – No Fault
2 sysObjectID 2 – Faulty Rs
3 – Faulty Rp
4 – No Link
Time (in hundredths of a second) since the
3 sysUpTime
switch was last reinitialized
5 sysName SWR21
RMON:
Address Name
0 Ccitt
1 ISO
3 Org
6 DOD
1 Internet
C26x/EN NM/C57 NM-7

Address Name
2 mgmt
1 Mib-2
16 Rmon
1 stat
1 etherstat
1 Port number (*)
9 etherStatsIndex etherStatsUndersizePkts
10 etherStatsIndex etherStatsOversizePkts
12 etherStatsIndex etherStatsJabbers
13 etherStatsIndex etherStatsCollisions
14 etherStatsIndex etherStatsPkts64Octets
15 etherStatsIndex etherStatsPkts65to127Octets
18 etherStatsIndexetherStatsPkts512to1023Octets
19 etherStatsIndexetherStatsPkts1024to1518Octets
*Port number: 1 to 4: standard ports
5 and 6: ports for redundant ring
2.2.2 SNMP CLIENT SOFTWARE

MIB Browser software enables to perform all the basic SNMP operations, such as GET, GETNEXT,
RESPONSE. A very simple SNMP Client software is sufficient for using the Alstom MIB in Alstom range of
switches.
NM-8 C26x/EN NM/C57

2.3 LEDS
LEDs are used to indicate the state of SWR21x and of the links. They are meant for experts.
Board viewed from front Board viewed from rear
J16 J6
L1 L2 L3
J8 Rp
E1
L7 L14
J13 Es
J9
L4 L5 L6
J11 FPGA
Rs
E2
Ep
J10 - 1
Repeater
address 4
jumpers
J10 - 7
Marvel
L15 L20 3
L16 L21 J3
L17 L22
J12 L18 L23
L19 L24
2
J2
1
J14
1 2 3
C0424ENb
Figure 5: LED location on SWR21x board
The table below indicates the function of each LED:

LED N° Colour Description
E1 default L1 Red E1 Default
Link Rp L2 Green Rp (Reception Primary) Link OK
Receive Rp L3 Green Traffic detected
E2 default L4 Red E2 Default
Link Rs L5 Green Link OK
Receive Rs L6 Green Traffic detected
Number of switch detected on the ring bit 0 L7 Green
Off : no connection
Link and activity port 1 L15 Green Green : link
Green + blink : link + activity
Link and activity port 2 L16 Green “
C26x/EN NM/C57 NM-9


Off: 10Mbps
Speed port 1 L20 Green
Green : 100Mbps
Speed port 2 L21 Green “
Speed port 5 L24 Green Port not used
On power-up the SWR21xx goes through a self-testing sequence. The 5 “link" LEDs flash for a few seconds.
2.4 SETTINGS
2.4.1 INTERNAL JUMPERS
Open Closed
The status is “closed” when the jumper is set.

N° Open Closed Factory setting
J10-1 Board address bit 1 = 1 Board address bit 1 = 0 Closed
2.4.2 ADDRESS OF THE BOARD

Each board on the ring has a specific address. Each address must be unique and comprised between 1 and
127.
The address is equal to the sum of the “open" bits.
At the beginning address = 0
If J10-1 = open address = address + 1 if not address = address + 0
Example :
J10-1 = open address = address + 1
J10-3 = closed address = address + 0
NM-10 C26x/EN NM/C57


Address = 11
2.4.3 IP ADDRESS OF THE REPEATER

The repeater IP address breaks down as follows:
Figure 6: IP Address
Note: It is important to note that the Alstom_Switch_manager Software forces the third IP field to the “254” value.
2.5 CONNECTIONS
J14 Fault signal output:
The optical ring is monitored. If one link come down the default is indicated by the contacts:
1 Faulty Rp-Es link
2 Common
1 2 3 3 Faulty Rs-Ep link

C0121ENc
Figure 7: J14 Pin out
C26x/EN NM/C57 NM-11

3 SWD21X RANGE – DUAL HOMING ARCHITECTURE

The SWD21x range of Ethernet boards is dedicated to Dual Ethernet Star architecture and defined by the
type of Ethernet optical fibre it is connected (Single Mode or Multi Mode) to. All the boards in the SWD21x
range have 4 RJ45 copper connections, with speed automatically adjusted to match external transmitters at
10 or 100 Mbps, and 2 Ethernet optical ports with dual homing mechanism.
The Ethernet dual homing star is based on optical connection. Depending on the link length, the user may
choose between Multi-mode optic fibre (up to 2 km) and Single mode optic fibre (up to 20 km) for long
distance.
Model Description Connectors
SWD212 Fast Ethernet industrial switch 4 x RJ45
(Ref: ZP0022001) Multimode 1300 nm 2 x ST
SWD214 Fast Ethernet industrial switch 4 x RJ45
(Ref: ZP0022002) Single mode 1310 nm 2 x SC
3.1 DUAL HOMING SWITCH DESCRIPTION
Ethernet Ports 10/100 Base TX
MDIO bus EEPROM

SWITCH
Port MII
SHM N°
Failsafe Self healing ring
output relays manager
100Mbs Full duplex

opto opto
Link A Dual Homing
Link B Dual Homing

Dual Homing optical Links
Figure 8: Internal architecture of an SWD21x board
3.2 ETHERNET MANAGEMENT
3.2.1 10BASE T AND 100BASE TX

The copper ports are full/half duplex and auto-sense the transmission speed. They will auto-negotiate with
the connected device to determinate the optimal speed. When the connected device is only capable of
transmitting at 10Mbps, the switch follows the 10Mbps.
3.2.2 POWER MANAGEMENT

If there is no cable on a port, most of the circuitry for that port is disabled to save power.

3.2.3 ADDRESS LOOK UP

Each Ethernet device inserts its unique “MAC address” into each message it send out. The port on the
switch used for given MAC address is automatically learned when a frame is received from that address.
Once an address is learned, the switch will route messages to only the appropriate port. A time stamp is also
placed in memory when a new address is learned. This time stamp is used with the aging feature, which will
remove unused MAC Addresses from table after 300 s. The broadcasting messages are transmit in the all
ports.
Up to 2048 MAC addresses can be stored and monitored at any time.
3.2.4 BACK PRESSURE FOR HALF DUPLEX

The DS Agile SWD2xx will apply "back pressure" when necessary with half-duplex operation. This "back
pressure" will reduce congestion on busy networks.
3.2.5 AUTO NEGOTIATION AND SPEED-SENSING

All six RJ45 ports independently support auto negotiation for speeds in the 10BaseT and 100BaseTx modes.
Operation is according to the IEEE 802.3u standard.
3.2.6 FORWARDING
The DS Agile SWD2xx supports store and forward mode. It will forward messages with know addresses out
only the appropriate port. Messages with unknown addresses, broadcast messages and multicast messages
will get forwarded out all ports except the source port. The switch will not forward error packets, 802.3x
pause frames or local packets.
3.2.7 PRIORITY TAGGING

802.1p priority is enabled on all ports.
3.2.8 FLOW CONTROL

The DS Agile SWD2xx Ethernet switch board automatically supports standard flow control frames on both
the emission and reception sides.
On the reception side, if the switch receives a pause control frame it will not transmit the next normal frame
until the timer, specified in the pause control frame, expires. If another pause frame is received before the
current timer expires, the timer will be updated with the new value in the second pause frame. During this
period (being flow controlled), only flow control packets from the switch will be transmitted.
On the transmission side, the switch has intelligence and determines when to invoke the flow control. The
flow control is based on availability of the system resources, including available buffers, available
transmission queues and available reception queues. The switch will flow control a port, which just received
a packet, if the destination port resource is being used up. The switch will issue a flow control frame (XOFF),
containing the maximum pause time defined in IEEE standard 802.3x. A hysteresis feature is provided to
prevent flow control mechanism from being activated and deactivated too many times.
The switch will flow control all ports if the reception queue becomes full.
3.3 SNMP MANAGEMENT

For SNMP Management description, refer to section 2.2. sysName = SWD21.

3.4 LEDS
LEDs are used to indicate the state of SWD21x and of the links. They are meant for experts.
Board viewed from front Board viewed from rear
J16 J6
L1 L2 L3
J8 Rp
E1
L7 L14
J13 Es
J9
L4 L5 L6
J11 FPGA
Rs
E2
Ep
J10 - 1
Repeater
address 4
jumpers
J10 - 7
Marvel
L15 L20 3
L16 L21 J3
L17 L22
J12 L18 L23
L19 L24
2
J2
1
J14
1 2 3
C0424ENb
Figure 9: LED location on an SWD21x board
The table below indicates the function of each LED:

Link A fault L1 Red Fault on link A
Link A reception L2 Green Reception Link A
Link A traffic L3 Green Traffic on Link A
Link B fault L4 Red Fault on Link B
Link B reception L5 Green Reception Link B
Link B traffic L6 Green Traffic Link B
Switch Number bit 0 L7 Green
Off: no connection
Link and activity port 1 L15 Green Green: link
Green + blink: link + activity


Link and activity port 2 L16 Green "
Off: 10Mbps
Speed port 1 L20 Green
Green: 100Mbps
Speed port 2 L21 Green "
Speed port 5 L24 Green Port not used
On power-up the SWD21 goes through its self-check sequence. The 5 “link" LEDs flash for a few seconds.
3.5 SETTINGS
Refer to section 2.4.
3.6 CONNECTIONS
J14 Fault signal output:
The optical health is monitored. If one link come down the default is announced by the contacts:
1 Faulty link A
2 Common
1 2 3 3 Faulty link B

C0297ENb
Figure 10: J14 Pin out

4 SWU20X RANGE – STAR ARCHITECTURE

The SWU20x range of Ethernet boards is dedicated to Ethernet Star architecture and defined by the optional
type of Ethernet optical fibre it is connected (single Mode or Multi Mode). All equipment of the SWU20x
range has 4 Copper connections through RJ45, with speed automatically adjusted from external emitters to
10 or 100 Mbps, and optionally 2 Ethernet optical ports.
4.1 ETHERNET PORT SWITCHING FEATURES

The SWUxxx determines automatically at message reception the speed of its transmission layer 10 or 100
Mbps SWUxxx automatically adapts itself to this transmission speed and other transmission parameters
such as half or full duplex.
The copper ports are full/half duplex and auto-sense the transmission speed. They will auto-negociate with
the connected device to determinate the optimal speed. When the connected device is only capable of
transmitting at 10Mbps, the SWU20x follows the 10Mbps.
The fibre optic ports are full/half duplex at 100Mbps.
4.2 ETHERNET MANAGEMENT

Refer to section 3.2.

5 SRP28X RANGE – DUAL STAR ARCHITECTURE (PRP)
5.1 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The SRP28x is an Ethernet Switch housed on a printed circuit board which can be incorporated into a
number of Alstom DS Agile devices including the H38x and the C26x.
The SRP28x facilitates connecting Ethernet equipped devices via a Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP in
accordance with IEC 62439-3). Devices connect to the switch by copper connections using RJ45
connectors. These connections comply with 10/100Base-Tx. Three ports (ports 2, 3, & 4) are available for
connecting external devices. Each port, independently, detects the speed of the connected device (10Mbps
or 100Mbps) and whether the link is half-duplex or full-duplex. It then automatically adjusts to suit.
Ethernet copper links are limited in distance and subject to interference. You should keep them as short as
possible.
The Parallel Redundancy Protocol connection uses fibre-optic inter-switch connections. A multi-mode fibre-
optic version is available for short distance connections (typically up to around 2km), and a single-mode
version is available for longer distances (potentially in excess of 15km). The PRP ports support 100Base-Fx
using LC connectors.
The SRP2xx also supports the Precision Time Protocol (PTP in accordance with IEEE1588), taking time
synchronisation from a master clock and distributing it locally.
Time synchronisation is distributed using IRIG-B on a dedicated SMB connector.
An internal Ethernet connection is also provided (port 1). It provides a 10/100Base-Tx port on an RJ45
connector.
5.1.1 PARALLEL REDUNDANCY PROTOCOL (PRP)

The Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) is implemented according to the definition in the standard IEC
62439-3.
PRP allows seamless communication in the face of a single network disruption (for instance cable, driver,
switch or controller failure).
A PRP compatible device has two ports operating in parallel, each port being connected to a separate local
area network (LAN) segment. IEC62439-3 assigns the term DANP (Doubly Attached Node running PRP) to
such devices. Critical devices should be doubly attached using two ports.
The figure below shows an example of a PRP network. The doubly attached nodes DANP 1 and DANP 2
have full node redundancy, while the singly attached nodes SAN 1 and SAN 4 do not have any redundancy.
Singly attached nodes can, however, be connected to both LANs, via a device that converts a singly
attached node into a doubly attached node. This is what the SRP2xx does. Devices performing this function
are often referred to as redundancy boxes or RedBoxes. Devices with single network cards such as personal
computers, printers, etc., are singly attached nodes that may be connected into the PRP network via a
RedBox as shown in the figure. This is the case for SAN2 and SAN3. Because these SANs connect to both
LANs, they can be considered as Virtual Doubly Attached Nodes and described as VDANs.

Figure 11: Example PRP Redundant Network
To achieve high-availability configuration the first interface is connected to LAN A and the second to LAN B.
The topologies of LAN A and LAN B are open and the networks could be utilising other redundancy
approaches. A DANP transmits its packets on both interfaces and hence over both networks. In an error-free
environment a second DANP receives the same packets on both interfaces, possibly with a time delay
between them. The receiving DANP will use the first of these packets, ignoring the second. PRP networks do
not need reconfiguration or path switching.
The two LANs are identical in protocol at the Media Access Control (MAC) level, but they can differ in
performance and topology. Transmission delays may also be different. The LANs have no direct connection
between them and they are assumed to be fail-independent.
The SRP2xx acts a RedBox with optical connections to the redundant networks and electrical connexion to
SAN devices that then become VDANs connecting a device to both redundant networks. The figure below
shows this diagrammatically.

Figure 12: SRP2xx connecting singly attached nodes to doubly attached networks
For products that connect directly to the PRP LANs, the two ports of the DANP operate in parallel. They are
attached to the same upper layers of the communication stack through a link redundancy entity (LRE) as
shown in the figure below.
Figure 13: DANP structure
5.1.2 TIME SYNCHRONISATION

The SRP28x supports real-time clock synchronisation using either Precision Time Protocol (PTP in
accordance with IEEE 1588 v2), or Network Time Protocol (NTP).
The SRP28x takes timing information presented over the network and distributes it locally.
A one pulse-per-second (PPS) signal is generated and is displayed on an LED.

5.1.2.1 PRECISION TIME PROTOCOL (PTP)

Time synchronisation from a master clock synchronised to the Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system is
accepted over the network and distributed locally according to IEEE 1588 v2 as demonstrated in the figure
below:
GPS
Ordinary Clock Boundary Clock (Red box)
M Grandmaster Clock S : port in slave state
M : port in master state
Boundary Clock
Network A Network B (Switch)
Switch Switch or
Transparent Clock
(Switch)
SRP28x S S
board
S
Ordinary Clock
S: port in slave state IRIG-B IED
S1038ENc
Figure 14: PTP architecture
PTP synchronises all clocks within a network by adjusting distributed clocks to a grandmaster clock. PTP
enables distributed clocks to be synchronised and maintained to sub-microsecond accuracy.
The grandmaster clock is the primary time source. Boundary clocks create segmented synchronisation sub-
domains. So-called ‘ordinary’ clocks can either act as time servers or as time clients.
The SRP28x board uses IEEE1588 to provide the IRIG-B output.
Note: The SRP28x board does NOT forward the PTP signal to the access ports.

5.1.2.2 NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronisation between computer systems
over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks.
NTP is supported by the SRP28x as shown diagrammatically in the figure below.
NTP
Server
DAN
SRP28x
board PRP
NTP
S
IRIG-B IRIG-B
IED IED
S1039ENc
Figure 15: NTP architecture
5.1.2.3 TIME SYNCHRONISATION DISTRIBUTION

Time synchronisation is distributed via a dedicated IRIG-B connection or via Ethernet services.
5.1.2.4 IRIG-B
The clock reference for the SRP28x comes from either the PTP or the NTP services. It is used to generate a
timing signal that is output to a connector at the rear of the unit.
The output is compliant with the Inter-Range Instrumentation Group time code B standard (IRIG-B).
The signal is in accordance with the standard IRIG-B 126: Sine wave carrier (amplitude modulated) at 1 kHz
(1 ms resolution), Binary Coded Decimal (BCD). The IRIG-B time reference provided is the UTC time.

5.1.3 SRP28X FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION

The figure below shows the main functional blocks of the SRP28x:
Figure 16: SRP28x functional diagram
The principal functional component parts are:
 The Base-Tx Ethernet Switch

 The Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) management
 Time synchronisation management
 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) management
 Light Emitting Diodes (LED) and alarm outputs.
 TELNET configuration port
5.1.3.1 BASE-TX ETHERNET SWITCH FUNCTION
The Base-Tx Ethernet Switch function manages three Ethernet ports presented for user connection (Ports 2,
3, & 4), and two internal ports for service connection. The user ports are 10/100 Base-Tx using RJ45
connectors. Ports 2, 3, & 4 are located at the rear of the unit and are qualified by LED indications of link
activity. Port 1 is a 10/100 Base-Tx internal service port using an RJ45 connector located at the front of the
board. The other internal service connection port is Port 0, and is also located at the front of the board. It
supports 10/100/1000 Base-Tx and uses a Samtec ERF8-RA connector. The port shares a connector with
signals described under the time synchronisation section of this document.
If a cable is not connected to a port, most of the circuitry for that port is disabled to save power.
Using auto-negotiation, the SRP28x automatically determines the speed of transmission on the 10/100
Base-Tx ports according to the IEEE 802.3u standard. It also determines whether communication is half-
duplex or full-duplex, and adapts accordingly.

Each Ethernet device inserts its unique “MAC address” into each message it sends. The receiving port on
the SRP28x automatically recognises the MAC address in a received frame and stores it. Once an address
is recognised and stored, the SRP28x will forward frames to the appropriate port. Up to 1024 MAC
addresses can be stored and monitored at any time.
SRP28x supports the store and forward mechanism of the IEEE 802.3 standard. It forwards messages with
known addresses to the appropriate port. Messages with unknown addresses, broadcast messages, and
multicast messages are forwarded out to all ports except the source port. It does not forward error packets
or 802.3x pause frames.
Priority tagging according to IEEE 802.1p is enabled on all ports.
5.1.3.2 THE PARALLEL REDUNDANCY PROTOCOL (PRP) MANAGEMENT FUNCTION

The Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) management function manages traffic over the dual redundant 100
Base-Fx fibre-optic Ethernet connections according to IEC 62439-3.
5.1.3.3 TIME SYNCHRONISATION FUNCTION

This product supports real-time clock synchronisation using either Precision Time Protocol (PTP in
accordance with IEEE 1588 v2), or Network Time Protocol (NTP).
A one pulse-per-second (PPS) signal is generated and is displayed on an LED labelled as “Heartbeat” on the
display.
Time synchronisation is available as an NTP service or via IRIG-B.
5.1.3.3.1 Precision Time Protocol (PTP)
Time synchronisation from a master clock synchronised to the global positioning satellite (GPS) system is
accepted over the network according to IEEE 1588.
PTP synchronises all clocks within a network by adjusting distributed clocks to a grandmaster clock. PTP
enables distributed clocks to be synchronised and maintained to sub-microsecond accuracy.
5.1.3.3.2 Network Time Protocol (NTP)
Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronisation between computer systems
over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks.
NTP is supported by this product.
5.1.3.3.3 IRIG-B
A time synchronisation signal compliant with the Inter-Range Instrumentation Group time code B (IRIG-B) is
generated within the product.
The signal is in accordance with the standard IRIG-B 126: Sine wave carrier amplitude modulated at 1 kHz
(1 ms resolution), Binary Coded Decimal (BCD). The IRIG-B time reference provided is the UTC time.
The signal is presented on a connector located between the LEDs. An SMB connector is used which
provides 2 kVrms isolation and >100 MOhms insulation resistance. Up to 10 devices can be connected for
synchronisation.
5.1.3.4 SNMP MANAGEMENT

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the network protocol developed to manage devices on an
IP network. SNMP is based on a model consisting of a manager, an agent, a database of management
information, managed objects and the network protocol. The manager provides the interface between the
human network manager and the management system. The agent provides the interface between the
manager and the physical device(s) being managed according to the figure below.

Figure 17: SNMP management
The manager and agent use a Management Information Base (MIB) and a relatively small set of commands
to exchange information. The MIB is organised in a tree structure with individual variables, such as point
status or description, being represented as leaves on the branches. A long numeric tag known as an Object
IDentifier (OID) is used to distinguish each variable uniquely in the MIB and in the SNMP messages. The
Manager is an MIB Browser Software. SNMP versions 1, 2, and 3 are supported.
Each SNMP element manages specific objects with each object having specific characteristics. Each
object/characteristic has a unique object identifier (OID) consisting of numbers separated by decimal points
(for example: 1.3.6.1.4.1.2682.1). The MIB associates each OID with a readable label (for example:
dpsRTUAState) and various other parameters related to the object. The MIB then serves as a data dictionary
or codebook that is used to assemble and interpret SNMP messages.
For this board, the Alstom management information bases (MIB) use the following types of object identifiers
(OID):
 System
 Interface
 Remote network monitoring (RMON)
 Parallel redundancy protocol (PRP)
These are defined in the tables below.
5.1.3.4.1 SRP28x – System MIB Structure
Address Name
0 Ccitt
1 ISO
3 Org
6 DOD
1 Internet
2 mgmt
1 Mib-2
1 sys
1 sysDescr Redundant switch PRP
2 sysObjectID TBD
3 sysUpTime
switch was last reinitialised
4 sysContact user-configurable
5 sysName SRP28x (user-configurable)
6 sysLocation user-configurable
7 sysServices 2

5.1.3.4.2 SRP28x – Interface MIB Structure

Address Name
0 Ccitt
1 ISO
3 Org
6 DOD
1 Internet
2 mgmt
1 Mib-2
2 interfaces Interface number
1 ifNumber Redundant switch PRP
2 ifTable TBD
1 ifEntry
switch was last reinitialised
7 ifAdminStatus 1: up, 2: down
8 ifOperStatus 1: up, 2: down
time (in hundredths of a second)
9 ifLastChange
since the latest change
5.1.3.4.3 SRP28x – RMON MIB Structure

Address Name
0 Ccitt
1 ISO
3 Org
6 DOD
1 Internet
2 mgmt
1 Mib-2
16 RMON
1 stat
1 etherstatsTable
1 etherStatsIndex
6 etherStatsBroadcastPkts
7 etherStatsMulticastPkts
8 etherStatsCRCAlignErrors
9 etherStatsUndersizePkts
10 etherStatsOversizePkts
11 etherStatsFragments
12 etherStatsJabbers
13 etherStatsCollision
14 etherStatsPkts64Octets
15 etherStatsPkts65to127Octets

Address Name
5.1.3.4.4 SRP28x – PRP MIB Structure

Address Name
0 Ccitt
1 ISO
0 Standard
64239 IEEE
1 Redundancy Protocols HSR
2 Redundancy Protocols MRP
3 Redundancy Protocols PRP
1 manufacturerName
2 interfaceCount
3 redundantInterfaces
1
2
1 redundantInterfaceIndex
2 nodeType
3 nodeName
4 versionName
5 macAddressA
6 macAddressB
7 linkStatusA
8 linkStatusB
5.1.3.4.5 SNMP Client Software

Readily available Management Information Bases (MIB) browser software enables you to perform all the
basic Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) operations, such as GET, GETNEXT, and
RESPONSE, by connecting to the switch.
5.1.3.4.6 SNMP traps

A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) trap is a change-of-state message. The SRP28x
generates SNMP traps on coldstart, warmstart, linkup, linkdown or authentication failure. The version used
is SNMP v1 and the traps are shown in the table below:
Trap Type Name Description
0 coldstart The switch is booting
1 warmstart The switch is rebooting
2 linkdown An interface has gone down
3 linkup An interface has come up
4 authentication failure An invalid password was received in a message
5.1.3.4.7 SNMP Accessibility

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) supports the versions 1 – 3 according to the rules below:

SNMP v1 and v2:
 Read community: Public

 Write community: Private
SNMP v3:
Level System MIB Other MIB
Observer Read, plain -
Operator Read, encrypted Read, encrypted
Administrator Read/Write, encrypted Read/Write, encrypted
An Administrator can change any user password. Other users can only change their own password.
5.1.4 TELNET PORT

A TELNET port is provided to configure and manage the board.
TELNET is a virtual terminal protocol of TCP/IP. It provides full interconnectivity between elements of a
network. The terminal is connected to the network like any other device as shown in the figure below.
Figure 18: Telnet connection example
Note: The IP addresses must be part of the same network as the terminal and the subnet mask must not exclude
them.
With the TELNET connection, the terminal can be used to communicate with all functions of the SRP28x.
5.2 LEDS AND CONNECTIONS

LEDs: refer to C26x/EN HW. Connections: refer to C26x/EN CO.


INSTALLATION
C26X/EN IN/C57A
DS Agile C26x Installation
Contents
2 REQUIREMENTS 4
2.1 DS Agile C26x 4
2.2 Personal Computer 4
3 DELIVERY 5
3.1 Packing inspection and opening 5
3.2 Delivery form checking 5
4 MECHANICAL MOUNTING 6
4.1 Rack Mounting 6
4.2 Panel mounting 6
5 WIRING 7
5.1 General wiring 7
5.2 Power supply wiring 7
5.3 I/O board wiring 7
5.4 Network wiring 7
5.4.1 Redundant Ring connection 8
5.4.2 Dual Homing connection 8
6 C26X MAINTENANCE ENVIRONMENT 10

6.1 Connection PC-C26x 10
6.2 Host PC settings 11
7 TOOLS INSTALLATION ON A PC 12
7.1 Requirements for the PC 12
7.2 Installation on the PC 12
8 DS AGILE C26X POWER UP 17

8.1 Input new settings 17
8.2 C26x Firmware installation 19
8.3 C26x CPU 3 Firmware upgrade 20
8.3.1 Check the Bootrom version of the C26x CPU3 (i.e. CPU270) board 21
8.3.2 Software upgrade procedure 25
8.3.3 BootInstall 36
8.3.4 Set the C26x parameters 37
8.3.5 Restart the C26x 38
9 OPTIONAL INSTALLATION 39
9.1 External master clock connection 39
9.2 Printer installation 39
10 APPENDIX: CMT IN-DEPTH DESCRIPTION 40
C26x/EN IN/C57a IN-1

Installation DS Agile C26x
10.1 Introduction 40
10.2 Computer Maintenance Tool (CMT) overview 40
10.2.1 General 40
10.2.2 Launching the software 40
10.2.3 CMT main window 41
10.2.4 Multi rack group filter 46
10.2.5 Operations performed by CMT buttons 46
IN-2 C26x/EN IN/C57a


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the product installation and
start-up settings. Before any handling of the device, read carefully chapter C26x/EN SA.
This document is divided into the following parts:
 Delivery
 Mechanical mounting
 Wiring:
 I/O board wiring
 Network wiring
 Power supply wiring
 Power-up without I/O

 Network setting
 Data Base Download
Use this document in conjunction with chapter C26x/EN CM.
For details on HyperTerminal/Tera Term, refer to chapter C26x/EN MF.

2 REQUIREMENTS
DS Agile C26x boot setting and software installation is carried out using a Windows PC with common utilities
and serial/Ethernet link to the controller.
The DS Agile CD-ROM System installation is needed to run the C26x’s install software on the Host PC.
2.1 DS AGILE C26X

The DS Agile C26x requires at least
 CPU board CPU270
 Power board BIU241 or BIU261
 Backplane FBP24x (for 40TE case) or FBP28x (for 80TE case)

The BIU241 needs to be correctly wired to its voltage level as described in chapter C26x/EN CO
(Connections).
Before any operational voltage is applied the shield wiring should be checked following rules of the Safety
Guide: SFTY/4L M/C11 (or later issue) and rules of chapter C26x/EN SA (Safety & Handling).
The CPU270 natively integrates factory parameters.
Before starting installation the following information is required:
 C26x IP address
 C26x alias name (with the CMT, the network name must be less than 15 characters).
Both parameters are also defined in the DS Agile C26x database. If parameters inside database differ from
the CPU settings, the IEC 61850-8-1 communication with other DS Agile pieces of equipment is not possible.
2.2 PERSONAL COMPUTER

A Personal Computer is used for setting and download. The required Windows operating system is Windows
NT, Windows 2003 Server, Windows XP SP2 or Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bits (in XP compatibility mode).
The PC hardware requirement is:
 Ethernet port 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s

 100 Mb of free space on hard disk
The PC software's needed is:
 Computer package named Computer_X.YZ.exe ( X.YZ is the DS Agile C26x version)

3 DELIVERY
The delivery is composed of:
 Packing inspection and opening

 Delivery form checking
 Feeling up commissioning
3.1 PACKING INSPECTION AND OPENING

On receipt of the unit, inform the delivery agent if there is any sign of damage.
Check the box for documentation, or controller hardware option added in the delivery form like ribbon,
screws, port extension etc.
3.2 DELIVERY FORM CHECKING

The delivery form is based on the order form issued from CORTEC. It lists the type of C26x, the boards (with
supply, serial numbers and position in the rack) and the options.
Verify that the composition of the device is as ordered.
The C26x is delivered with the required connectors.

4 MECHANICAL MOUNTING
The chapter C26x/EN HW gives the size of DS Agile C26x rack, the fixation diameters and their position.
If electric screwdriver is used the torque limitation should be set to the small diameters of the screws.
The DS Agile C26x can be mounted in a racks or a panel.
4.1 RACK MOUNTING

The DS Agile C26x can be rack mounted using single tier rack frames (our part number FX0021 001):
These frames are designed with dimensions in accordance with IEC60297 and are supplied pre-assembled
ready to use.
The two horizontal rails of the rack frame have holes drilled at approximately 26 mm intervals. The C26x
cases are attached by their mounting flanges using M4 Taptite self-tapping screws with captive 3 mm thick
washers to ensure a good earth contact (our part number ZB5865250).
It is possible to install two 40TE C26x side by side or one 80TE C26x in the rack.
Ensure that the devices are earthed, using the screw terminal on the rear of the unit.
4.2 PANEL MOUNTING

The DS Agile C26x can be flush mounted into panels using M4 Taptite self-tapping screws with captive
3 mm thick washers to ensure a good earth contact (our part number ZB5865250).
Alternatively tapped holes can be used if the panel has a minimum thickness of 2.5 mm.
Where several products are to be mounted in a single cut-out in the panel, mechanically group them together
horizontally or vertically into rigid assemblies before mounting in the panel.
Note:
Fastening DS Agile C26x devices with pop rivets is not advised because it does not allow easy removal if repair is
necessary.

5 WIRING
Wiring has to be prepared before installation. The DS Agile C26x is delivered with required connectors for
I/O boards and Ethernet switches. The wire diameters stated in chapter C26x/EN CO are mandatory. Tighten
the screws in a cross pattern (e.g. top left, then bottom right etc), take care not to exceed the torque rated for
the screws.
5.1 GENERAL WIRING

Only two wires can be screwed together on any one connector. The AC and DC analogues, digital signal,
and communication wires should use separate shielded cable.
From a practical point of view the power supply of each device should have a switch (MCB, link, or fuse) to
turn off the power during installation and commissioning tests.
The DS Agile C26x description sheet describes the type of board Installed on each slot (C, D etc.) It is very
important to use it to correctly plug the connectors.
Connection diagrams of the C26x are given in chapter C26x/EN CO. Wires should be connected with the
connector unplugged. Each wired signal has to be tested before plugging and fixing the connectors. The
connectors have to be fixed on the C26x case with the screws available at each extremity of the connector.
For connection of the protective (earth) conductor see chapter C26x/EN CO, section 3.1.
5.2 POWER SUPPLY WIRING

The BIU connector wiring is vital as it provides the power supply. Power voltage should be tested and
checked to BIU reference defined in chapter C26x/EN HW to ensure that supply is compliant to BIU voltage.
Switch off the power before plugging in the connector.
5.3 I/O BOARD WIRING

Several DIU, CCU, BIU board voltages are available for Digital Inputs. Check that the DIU voltage as stated
on the delivery form matches with the nominal signal input before plugging connector to the C26x.
DOU and CCU, the board generates Digital Output with a defined inductive characteristic. On the other side
of the wire the inductance should be compliant. To avoid damage to the DO board connected to inductive
circuits it may be necessary to use an anti-surge diode.
5.4 NETWORK WIRING

Network wiring can be through fibre optic or copper cables. Fibre optic communications is an option, and
should be ordered as such along with the required mechanical modules. There are specific rules governing
the installation of fibre optics (refer to the chapter C26x/EN CO). Specific care should be taken with the bend
radius of the fibres, and the use of optical shunts is not recommended as these can damage the
transmission path over time.
Never look into the end of a fibre optic as there is a risk of causing serious damage to the eyes.
Copper networks should follow class recommendation and shielding. When using a Legacy bus (with IEDs
mounted in daisy chain), the correct resistor, at both ends only, should be fitted (120 ohms for RS422 and
RS485). Copper Ethernet networks stay within a cubicle. Optic fibre has to be used between cubicles.

5.4.1 REDUNDANT RING CONNECTION

When using SWR2xx boards, the optical ring has to be connected as follows:
Rp Rp Rp
Ts Ts Ts
Rs SWR2xx Rs SWR2xx Rs SWR2xx
Tp Tp Tp
R = Receive
T = Transmit
p = primary
s = secondary
C0295ENb
5.4.2 DUAL HOMING CONNECTION

Between 2 Dual Homing SWD2xx boards
RA
RA
LINK A LINK A
TA
TA
SWD2xx SWD2xx
RB
RB
LINK B LINK B
TB
TB
R = Receive
T = Transmit
B
C0298ENb

Between more than 2 Dual Homing SWD2xx boards
RA
RA LINK A
LINK A
TA
TA
SWD2xx SWD2xx
RB
RB
LINK B LINK B
TB
TB
R = Receive
T = Transmit
A B
RT RT RT RT
Simple Fx Switch Simple Fx Switch

C0299ENc

6 C26X MAINTENANCE ENVIRONMENT
6.1 CONNECTION PC-C26X

The Host PC and the C26x can be IP-connected in various ways:
 point-to-point through a crossover or straight-through Ethernet cable

 through an external Ethernet switch:
 remotely through a router connected to the S-BUS:
D
19 S A
2.1 gil
68 e
.20
.0
19
2. 1
68
.20
.98
192.168.20.1
19 Subnet mask:
2.1
68 255.255.255.0
.30
.12
Webserver or other IP
application (CMT, SMT, …)
192.168.30.2
C1098ENa

The host requires various applications and resources:

Purpose Application Protocol Extra resource Related chapter
Installation ftp FTPD, WinPcap 4.0 This one
CMT
Maintenance telnet – This one
Monitoring Web Maintenance (native) http Web browser C26x/EN MF
socket –
Setting DS Agile S1 ftp FTPD C26x/EN ST
tunnel PatuClient (IED setting)
The CMT is also used to configure a second Ethernet port on the CPU270 board, for SCADA connection.
Refer to C26x/EN FT.
Hyperterminal complements CMT at software installation and DS Agile S1 for IEDs setting. Refer to this
chapter and C26x/EN ST respectively. It uses the serial link (front port and straight-through cable) and
provides feedback of installation operations. For connection through modem, refer to the Set-up manual in
<installation folder>/Computer/Cmt/Docs.
6.2 HOST PC SETTINGS

In the Control panel, select Network connections and right click to display the Properties of the Internet
protocol. Type in an IP address and a subnet mask (e.g. 255.255.0.0).
In case of connection through a router, the router IP address and network address are defined in
DS Agile SCE (chapter C26x/EN AP or Set-up in <installation folder>/ Computer/Cmt/Docs).

7 TOOLS INSTALLATION ON A PC
Insert the DS Agile CD-ROM System installation into your CD-drive and find the installer software of the DS
Agile C26x into the following directory:
\System\Delivery\DS Agile Va.b.c\C26x VX.YZ (Va.b.c is the DS Agile system version, X.YZ is the controller
version).
In this chapter, “controller” refers to the DS Agile C26x and “(host) PC” to the PC that hosts the tools.
It is recommended to use default installation parameters. This installs the various applications and sets the
C26x application in a directory accessible by the C26x.
7.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PC

 At least Pentium III or similar
 At least 700MHz
 Windows Server 2003, Windows NT, Windows XP SP2 or Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bits (in XP
compatibility mode)
 At least 100 Mb free space on hard disk

 A CD-ROM drive
 An Ethernet port
7.2 INSTALLATION ON THE PC

The software is in the C26x/VX.YZ folder (X.YZ is the DS Agile C26x version).
 Insert the CD-ROM in the CD-drive

 Launch the Computer_X.YZ.exe file
 Select parameters as detailed below, starting with the language to use in the installer and the
application:

Cycle through the screens:
Select the Normal mode:
Function Light mode Normal mode

Search facility accessible accessible
Information Panel accessible accessible
Boot parameters Visualisation only Visualisation and modification
Key and database Visualisation only Visualisation and modification
Date and time Visualisation only Visualisation and modification
Errors Panel accessible accessible
File explorer accessible accessible
Software download Not accessible accessible
Telnet service Not accessible accessible
Event log storage Visualisation Visualisation and modification
Stop application software Not accessible accessible

Function Light mode Normal mode

Reboot Not accessible accessible
I/O monitoring accessible accessible
Languages Visualisation and modification Visualisation and modification
Help accessible accessible
By default, the created destination folder is C:\Program files\ALSTOM\DCS\Computer. You can change
this folder with the Browse button (you can add a sub-folder to distinguish several versions of CMT):
Depending on previous installations, select the components to install: C26x cpu3 (i.e. CPU270) for the
controller, FTP server (FTPD), CMT and setting software (DS Agile S1) for the host

Click Next (mind the potential sub-folder)
Check out the summary (press Back if you change your mind):

Click Install and tick Install WinPcap 4.0 if it is not yet installed (older versions should be removed before
installation):
Click Finish.
Note: CMT provides an online HELP (Help menu). The Help details are included in the end of this chapter.

8 DS AGILE C26X POWER UP

The DS Agile C26x as delivered has the following installed:
 Bootrom start-up software

 Factory Start-up Setting
Before powering up the device all the DI/DO board connectors should be disconnected.
Tests are described in the C26x/EN CM chapter to check that the DS Agile C26x with its factory settings has
not been damaged during transport.
8.1 INPUT NEW SETTINGS

To launch the FTPD server previously installed, click the socket icon . The interface is used as an event
console.
To launch the CMT software previously installed, click the icon Computer Maintenance Tool.
 Click the Search computers button and wait a couple of minutes till a label with an IP address fills the
gray frame.

If there is no device in the list, the cause may be one of these:
 your PC has no IP address

 your PC has several Ethernet cards: in this event, select the menu File > Network interface and
switch to another card..
 Select your C26x in the list

 Click the Parameters menu button
 Select the Network boot option (the C26x will boot on the network using the ftp server)
 Modify:
 “IP on Ethernet (e)“ and type in the Ethernet address you have chosen for the C26x
 “host IP (h)” and type in the Ethernet address of the PC that hosts CMT
 “target name (tn)” and type in a name for the DS Agile C26x
 Click the Set Boot Parameters button in order to send the new parameters to the C26x.
 Select Reboot Computer to restart the C26x. The label turns red for a while. The C26x restarts with
the software installed on the PC. In event of failure, type reboot in the Hyperterminal console and
press any key to prevent C26x from stopping.

8.2 C26X FIRMWARE INSTALLATION
Warning:
The operator must check the type of CPU fitted in the C26x prior to starting firmware
installation; the CPU270 must only be equipped with the firmware selected in the
<Destination Location>/C26x_cpu3 directory.
On the CMT application:
 Access your C26x by select the Search computers button

 Select your DS Agile C26x in the list
 Click the Parameters button menu
 Select the Flash Boot option
 Click the Set boot Parameter button in order to take into account the new parameters
 Choose C26x_cpu3 directory for CPU270 board
 Click the BootInstall menu button

 Click Update bootrom

 Wait for the end of installation
 Click Start: bootInstall
 Wait for the end of installation, DS Agile C26x installation takes around 1 minute
 When it is finished restart your DS Agile C26x by clicking Reboot computer to take into account the
new parameters and software. In event of failure, type reboot in the HyperTerminal console and press
any key to prevent C26x from stopping.
Note: To read the C26x mode, click the button Computer version.
After the reboot the C26x switches to maintenance mode. The C26x is ready to receive the application
database.
8.3 C26X CPU 3 FIRMWARE UPGRADE

To use C26x release B5.14 and higher it is mandatory to update the C26x "bootrom”. A new flash memory
partition is done to create a specific zone for waveforms.
Note: There is no backward compatibility, therefore it is mandatory to re-install the bootrom version for a C26x CPU3
(i.e. CPU270) when using an older version of the C26x firmware.
The procedure can also be used to re-install an older version.

(Bootrom and Bootprom have the same meaning)
Compatibility matrix
C26x release label Bootrom version label
B5.xx: lower than or equal to 13 B0.12 and below
B5.xx: higher than or equal to 14 B0.14 or B0.15 and above
B6.xx: lower than or equal to 32 B0.14 / B0.15 / B0.17 and B0.21B
B6.xx: 33 to 37 B0.21D
B6.xx: 38 to 43 B0.21E and above
B6.xx: 44 to 53 B0.21G and above
B6.xx: higher than or equal to 54 B0.21H and above
Note for bootrom versions B3.xx, B4.xx, B4R.xx and B5.xx

It is recommended to upgrade the CPU3 (i.e. CPU270) boards that were initially delivered with B0.7 bootrom
version to B0.12 in order to avoid the loss of “boot parameters” after a keyboarding error.
Note on B0.14/B0.15 bootrom version differences
Version B0.14 modifies the new flash memory partition, version B0.17 adds the possibility to manage serial
number higher than 32665.
Since the serial number of a CPU board is unique and permanently linked to the board, an update from
B0.14 to B0.17 is not necessary.
Note on B0.21D bootrom version
Version B0.21D implements the Alstom brand and modifies MAC address management to match Alstom's
address range.

Note on B0.21E bootrom version:

The version B0.21E implements the management to match Alstom address range (a new range was added:
from 98304 to 163840)
Note on B0.21G bootrom version
Change to the communications initiation when a SCADA is connected.
Note on B0.21H bootrom version
Rebranding to DS Agile
8.3.1 CHECK THE BOOTROM VERSION OF THE C26X CPU3 (I.E. CPU270) BOARD
8.3.1.1 USING THE SERIAL INTERFACE IN THE C26X FRONT PANEL AND HYPERTERMINAL
For bootrom versions lower than B015. The bootrom version is not indicated on the first text sent to the
terminal on versions until B0.14.
It can be indicated after typing the command “v” at the line beginning by “BSP version”
For bootrom versions upper or equal to B015

The bootrom version is indicated on the first text sent to the terminal.
It is indicated on the line beginning by “BSP version”.


8.3.1.2 USING THE CMT
 Select the C26x in the Computer's list

 Click the Computer version button.
The bootrom version is indicated on the line beginning with BSP version.

8.3.1.3 LABEL ON THE CPU

The CPU board has a label on the solder side, indicating the version of the bootrom installed on it by the
manufacturer:
FIGURE: Bootrom version label on CPU board
Note: Once the bootrom version has been updated to a new version it is highly recommended to overwrite the label.

8.3.2 SOFTWARE UPGRADE PROCEDURE

The very first step is to start C26x FTPD and to configure the user rights to allow the network boot mode:
 Select Security>Users/Rights
 Select as User name the board type you are about to flash
 Click Done
This chart summarizes the procedure (the controller selections are omitted for clarity):

8.3.2.1 PREAMBLE FOR CPU BOARDS USED FOR THE FIRST TIME
The board stops by itself after the first count-down; it is in bootrom mode.
For bootrom version lower than B0.15 bootrom, update is not possible in this mode. It is mandatory to boot
the board in network boot mode .
In this mode, C26x downloads its application software using File Transfert Protocol (FTP), so the FTP server
must run on the PC server before starting the bootrom update.
Use the version of CMT which includes the right version of the bootrom.
For a B0.14 bootrom update, use at least a B5.14 version (or any B6.xx) of CMT
For a B0.12 bootrom update, use at the most a B5.13 version of CMT.
Configure Network boot:
 Select the controller in Computer's list menu

 Click the Parameters menu button.
 Select Network boot
 Enter the C26x IP addresses: IP on Ethernet (first socket) and IP 2 on Ethernet (second socket, in
another domain); refer to the chapter C26x/EN FT
 Enter the address of the PC (host IP)

 Click Set boot parameter to accept.

Note: With a version lower than B0.13 this setting lasts about one minute and sends an error message.
However, the new parameters are saved.
 Click Reboot computer
WARNING:
For versions B6.00 to B6.08 the command reboot can only be issued using the shell
interface (reboot shell command) or cycling the power of the controller when the C26x is
in STOPPED mode.
If the C26x is in maintenance mode, directly pass to step 7.6.2.2.3.
8.3.2.2 PREAMBLE FOR BOARDS THAT HAVE ALREADY BEEN USED

Use the version of CMT that includes the right version of the bootrom.
For a B0.14 bootrom update, use at least a B5.14 version (or any B6.xx) of CMT
For a B0.12 bootrom update, use at most a B5.13 version of CMT.
If needed, set the C26x mode to Stopped:
 Select the C26x in Computer's list menu.

 Click the Stop computer menu button.
The C26x mode can be read using the Computer version menu button.
Alternative: Stop calculator in "Second countdown" mode using the shell (Telnet menu button).

 Select the C26x in Computer's list menu

 Select Bootprom boot
 Click Set boot parameter to accept
8.3.2.3 UPDATE BOOTROM
 Select computer and in the BootInstall menu select the directory where the C26x controller software
is installed.
 Select the sub directory related to the CPU board:

<Installation folder>\Computer\C264_cpu3
 Select the file bootrom.flh

 Click Update bootrom
 Ignore this warning

Figure: Begin update BOOTROM using bootrom.flh
 Click YES on Begin update bootrom

Messages:
Update bootrom progress
/RAMDEV/bootrom.flh: resent frames x/yyy
Writing in Flash
Writing Bootrom
Update bootrom: OK
Wait until the end of the update = Update bootrom: OK

 Click the Reboot computer menu button

For versions B5.xx and B6.09 and above, it is possible to restart the C26x using the Reboot computer
menu button.
WARNING:
interface (reboot shell command) or cycling the power of the C26x.
At
 Click YES

8.3.2.4 ERASE AND FORMAT FLASH

The C26x stops processing. It can be checked with HyperTerminal: make sure the console stops on a
prompt [VxWorks Boot]
 Select the C26x in Computer's list menu

 Click the Computer version menu button
 Since there is no security message indicating the C26x state, check the C26x state: it must be
STOPPED or BOOT MODE.
 If it is not stopped or in Boot mode, stop the C26x by clicking Stop computer
 Click the File Explorer menu button.
 In File explorer, click Flash format

Confirmation pop-up:
 Click YES
Feedback: trust the HyperTerminal not the CMT bargraphs:

Wait few minutes before format flash ending.
 Click OK
 Select the C26x in the Computer's list menu
 Select Network Boot
 Click Set boot parameters

 Click the Reboot computer menu button; this restarts the C26x (versions B6.00 ... B6.08)
The C26x label has turned red (maintenance mode).
In event of failure, type reboot in the HyperTerminal console, and press any key immediately.

8.3.3 BOOTINSTALL
Select the C26x and in BootInstall go to the installation directory of the C26x. The directory is <Installation
folder>/C264_cpu3:
 Click Start: bootInstall
With already used boards, this message may appear:
Bypass the security if necessary: Click NO

All boards:

Click YES
Messages:
/flash/bin/filename: Resent frames x/yyy

Writing in Flash
Total installation progress
Wait message "BootInstall finished!”
8.3.4 SET THE C26X PARAMETERS

 Click the Parameters menu button.

 Select "Flash Boot" and click Set boot parameter.
8.3.5 RESTART THE C26X

 Reboot the C26x (Click the Reboot computer menu button)
For versions B5.xx and B6.09 and above, it is possible to restart the C26x using the Reboot computer
menu button.
WARNING:
interface (reboot shell command) or cycling the power of the C26x.
In event of failure, type reboot in the Hyperterminal console, and press a key
immediately.

9 OPTIONAL INSTALLATION
Optional hardware modules include:
 IRIG B connection
 Printer
9.1 EXTERNAL MASTER CLOCK CONNECTION

With the option of the CPU board, an external standard BNC connection is used to receive external master
clock synchronisation. The recommended external master clock is the hopf 6870 radio clock.
Installation should follow the standard rules of BNC cable installation including length limit and optional 50
ohms termination.
For installation of the external master clock, refer to its documentation and to the summary in the DS
Agile/EN IN chapter.
External IRIG B synchronisation should be configured in the C26x database.
9.2 PRINTER INSTALLATION

A printer can be installed permanently for the SOE, or temporally for commissioning/ maintenance use. Data
labelling is defined with DS Agile SCE.
The printer should be connected to port 1, 2, 3 or 4 of the C26x.
If the port is on the BIU board, the board has to be configured for RS232 by using the correct jumper
configuration.
Furthermore, a configuration file (included in database) has to be installed onto the C26x with the printer
communication parameters.

10 APPENDIX: CMT IN-DEPTH DESCRIPTION
10.1 INTRODUCTION
Two html files are available in <installation folder>/Computer/Cmt/Docs:
 The Set-up manual

 The Operating manual, which can also be accessed from the application through the Help menu. Each
section of this manual details a screen or a menu.
10.2 COMPUTER MAINTENANCE TOOL (CMT) OVERVIEW
10.2.1 GENERAL
The CMT provides a user-friendly way to maintain DS Agile C26x devices.
Typing commands in the device's shell is not required; the graphical interface does main operations.
CMT runs on Personal Computers (PC) using Windows 98, NT 2000, XP/SP2 or 7.
10.2.2 LAUNCHING THE SOFTWARE

CMT is installed with the default installation of the DS Agile C26x software.
The CMT is usually found in C:\Program Files\Alstom\DCS\Computer\Cmt, or by clicking on the Start menu |
All Programs | Alstom | DCS | Computer | Computer Maintenance Tool.
When the software is launched, it shows a starting view during 3 seconds.

10.2.3 CMT MAIN WINDOW

The window includes various sections:
10.2.3.1 TOP MENU

10.2.3.1.1 File item
The File item contains two submenus: Network Interface and Quit.
Network interface submenu ( F2 )
It selects the Networks Interface board used by the PC to access computer Network.
A chooses window opens and proposes Network interface board existing on your PC.
Select the board you want to use and click OK, or close the window using Windows close mechanism
For a PC with only one Ethernet board the right board is automatically selected.

Example:
 MS TCP Loop back interface (not useable by CMT)

 3Com 3C90x Ethernet Adapter
 3Com Ether Link PCI
 AT-2500 NDIS Series 4.0 driver
 NdisWan Adapter: (not useable by CMT)
The selection is saved in Registry.
Quit submenu (CTRL + q)
It is used to exit the software.
10.2.3.1.2 Tools item
Language submenu
This menu proposes to choose the language used by CMT. The default language is English. This submenu
allows selecting language among: English (F5), French (F6), German (F7), Spanish (F8), Russian (F9),
Simplified Chinese (F10) or Polish (F11).
The selected language is saved in the Registry.
FOR NON WESTERN LANGUAGES (Russian (Cyrillic) or Chinese or Polish), the PC has to be configured to
support Cyrillic or Simplified Chinese or Polish fonts.
From the Start menu | Control Panel | Regional and Language Options:
change the Language settings for the system using the Set default... button.
A new window opens; select Russian for Russian or Chinese (Popular Chinese Republic) for simplified
Chinese or Polish.

Restart the PC for it to take account of the changes. The upper part of ASCII table (128 to 256) points now to
specific characters of Cyrillic or simplified Chinese alphabet.
Background colour sub-menu
It proposes to choose the background colour used by CMT windows. Default colour: grey
Background colour pops up a panel of the 256 colours you can use and lets you pick one of them. This
colour will be the new default background colour. It is better to choose a colour in the middle of a line.
The selected colour is saved in the Registry.
10.2.3.1.3 Help menu

File menu contains two submenus: Index and About.
Index submenu ( F1)
Displays the operating manual as in this section.
About submenu ( F5)
Displays an "about" box: CMT's version and copyrights. Identical to the splash screen.

10.2.3.2 SEARCH COMPUTERS BUTTON

It is used to search for computers, i.e. controllers, on the current Local Area Network (LAN).
Once it is pressed, the application starts the search, and waits answers for 4 seconds. The search process
status is indicated in the Selected computer field by the message:
"------- NETWORK SCANNING --------"
The Multi rack group filter list allows to filter controllers answers using their multi rack group address
(described further).
Three situations might happen:
 Waiting till the delay expires; then a list of all the "responding" C26x units features their name, IP
address, type and serial number. The list is sorted according to increasing serial numbers. Scanning
goes on repetitively on a 4-second time base.
 Pressing again Search computers stops scanning. No C26x is selected.

 Clicking a computer button; this stops scanning and select the corresponding C26x:
The selected C26x name, IP address, Type and serial number is shown in the top right text area Selected
computer:
Each button caption colour represents the related C26x mode:

Each tab can show up to 20 buttons. Therefore a maximum of one hundred computers can be displayed.
10.2.3.3 COMPUTER'S LIST BUTTON

The list of all the "responding" computers is displayed, with their name, IP address, Type and serial number,
without searching on network.
10.2.3.4 LEFT BAR

It contains all the operations that can be performed on the selected C26x:
Simply click a button to launch the desired task.
Each operation is described in the next section of this manual.

10.2.4 MULTI RACK GROUP FILTER

This is a button that when pushed pops up a menu to select a filter on the network Ethernet type used by
multi rack system. The filter "*" must be used for a single rack system (it is the "no filter" selector).
10.2.5 OPERATIONS PERFORMED BY CMT BUTTONS
10.2.5.1 COMPUTER VERSION

CMT reads in C26x and displays three chunks of information:
 Software block:
 Version
 Database compatibility
 IEC 61850-8-1 SBUS Agency version
 ISaGRAF software version
 Triangle software version
 creation date of the application software
 Database block (if a database is running ...):

 device name
 device type
 model
 company
 description
 substation
 database name
 version
 path of the database.
 database creation date and last setting date

 Information on the C26x state:

ACTIVE / MAINTENANCE / INITIALIZATION / SIMULATION / STANDBY / FAULTY / HALTED / STOPPED
The two information blocks serve as headers in other pages.
10.2.5.2 BOOT PARAMETERS

The Boot Parameters button shows current computer boot parameters. They define how to boot (network or
flash disk) and set the internet address of the C26x.
Modifications of the values can be done for all the fields displayed in white text areas ("inet on Ethernet",
"host inet" and "target name").
When a C26x boots for the first time, a number of parameters can be specified, such as network addresses,
boot device, host, and start-up file.
This information is encoded into a single structure known as the boot parameters. Boot parameters are
placed at a known address in flash memory so that the booting system can discover the parameters that
were used to boot the system. Boot parameters are the only information exchanged from the boot ROMs to
the booted system.
The boot parameters are as follows:
boot device (required): type of device to boot from. This must be one of the drivers included in the boot
ROMs (motfec(0,0) for Motorola Fast Ethernet Controller or tffs=0,0( 0,0) for Flash disk). Due to limited
space in the boot ROMs, only few drivers can be included.
 1st digit: unit number of the boot device (0..n)

 2nd digit: processor number on a multi-rack system (0..n); this identifier, defined for the target, is
unique per C26x and can be used to distinguish the C26x type in a multi-rack architecture:
 Main C26x: 0 (zero) / 1 (1 is used only for main backup rack in case of RTU redundancy)
 Extension C26x: 2 (two) to 17

 For a Bay controller single rack application the processor number is always 0.
host name: name of the host machine to boot from. This is the name by which the host is known to
VxWorks; it need not be the name used by the host itself.
file name: full pathname of the VxWorks object module to be booted. This pathname is also reported to the
host when you start a target server, so that it can locate the host-resident image of VxWorks.
For Ethernet boot: vxWorks, for Flash disk boot: "/flash/bin/vxworks"
IP on Ethernet: address of the Ethernet interface. The Internet addresses (IP) are specified in "dot" notation
(e.g., 10.22.92.52).
optional subnet mask
Default value: 0xFFFFFF00 => subnet mask = 255.255.255.0
Examples: enter 10.22.92.52:0xFFFF0000 => subnet mask = 255.255.0.0
10.22.92.52:0xFF000000 => subnet mask = 255.0.0.0
IP 2 on Ethernet: address of the second CPU3 port. Used for SCADA connection of C26x–Standalone RTU
or multi rack architecture (see further); the domain is different than the preceding.
IP on backplane: address of the backplane interface (not used for a C26x). It can have an optional subnet
mask and/or lease timing information as "e".
host IP: address of the boot host.
gateway IP: address of the router to the boot host. Leave this parameter blank if the host is on same
network.
user & ftp password: credentials on the boot host.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
flags: system-dependent configuration flags.
0x04 Do not start autoboot sequence => stop before application software loading
0x08 Immediate autoboot (no countdown) => load and start application software
target name: name of the system being booted
start-up script: name of a file to be executed as a start-up script (not used )
other: "other" string for use by the application
serial number: serial number of the processor board, used to set the Ethernet (Mac) address of the board
example: 41 =>
Network boot, Flash boot and Bootprom boot. These three radio buttons define the device the C26x
boots on (ftp for Network, flash memory for Flash). Bootprom boot stops the C26x after boot (with Network
boot, you have to press Reboot computer afterwards).

The mode for current operations is Flash boot.

Ethernet interface: medium and bitrate. Available values:
Default mode: RJ45 auto detect (auto negotiation between the C26x and the switch).
Get Boot parameters button gets information by reading the C26x flash memory.
Once the modifications are finished, press the Set boot Parameters button to apply the changes onto the
C26x (if CMT has been installed in Normal mode).
Modifications are saved in the flash memory of C26x and will be in force only after the next reboot.
Multi Rack Architecture
The radio button Multi rack computer allows configuring a C26x used in a Multi rack system. Once it is
selected two new selectors show:

 Rack address to select the type Main (1: regular front-end, 2: back-up front-end) or Secondary
(extension with the address of the rack in the system 1 to 16).
 Multi rack group to select the Ethernet type used to communicate between main and secondary
racks. The use of a specific Ethernet type (A000, or A001 ...) allows multi rack systems to co-exist on
the same physical network. Available values:
IP2 on Ethernet is the address of the branch networking the extensions.
10.2.5.3 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT

The pane features two areas:

Information
Data base 1 shows the first data base version revision and its state CURRENT / STANDBY
Data base 2 shows the 2nd data base version revision and its state CURRENT / STANDBY
Actions
Clean all DB removes the first and the second data bases. As a result, a reboot occurs (since B5.24). To be
used ONLY for C26x software update.
Switch data bases switches the two data bases. As a result, CURRENT becomes
STANDBY and STANDBY becomes CURRENT, and a C26x search starts.
Select a Data base version to select a versioned system data base right from SCE; this opens a file
chooser that shows all the available zip archives.
Navigate to the archive to load with the buttons My Computer, ../ and ./.
Double click it; this displays the version revision x.yy is saved in the text area Selected DB version for the
future downloads and extracts the .adb files. The .adb files are saved in <installation
folder>/Computer/Cmt/db and displayed in a window:
The absence of "inflating: ./db/xxxxx.adb" line indicates that unzip cannot find any *.adb files. Error origin is
frequently the use of "space" in file or directory name.
Click Close.

To download the *.adb file into the C26x, click in the list box Choose your download….and select
Database only.
Note: With a C26x-Standalone unit (C26x not associated to any other DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1 devices), if you want
to store the source database (.mpc file) on the CPU3 (up to 20MB), select Database + MPC in the list:
A file chooser lists all the .adb files extracted from the archive; there are as many files as C26x units
configured in SCE:
Clicking OK to start downloading database to the previously selected C26x.

Open S1 configuration file to open a .set file in DS Agile S1 (checkout the Filter list):

For details on DS Agile S1, refer to chapter C26x/EN ST.
10.2.5.4 DATA AND TIME

This section is used to read or change date and time information.
10.2.5.4.1 Main buttons

First running date of the C26x; the value stored in "/flash/MAINT/firstrd" is directly displayed here.
Computer use: number of hours the C26x has been running. This value is read in "/flash/MAINT/ophours".

Get computer date: used to read time on the C26x (local time).
Set date: used to modify the C26x date and time. Windows on the operator PC provides the current date
and time. They can be changed if needed.
Click OK to confirm the changes and send time to controller.
10.2.5.4.2 Set year

This section is used to select a Year value from the CMT installed on the PC and send it to a new C26x.
"Set year" acts like "Set date" but you only change the Year. It is useful to set the Year on a new C26x
because the IRIG B signal does not include the Year data: the new C26x uses the default Year value from
the Windows operating system.
The DS Agile system operates with the SNTP master server connected to the SBUS. The SNTP master
server synchronises all of the devices connected to the SBUS.
In the DS Agile system, every 20 seconds the GPS sends an IRIG B signal to the SNTP master server. The
IRIG B signal includes the time-date data that follow:
 Second
 Minute
 Hour
 Day
 Month
The IRIG B signal does not include the Year.
CAUTION:
to change the year or the time-date data, connect the CMT only to the SNTP master
server. Do not connect the CMT to the new C26x or to a client. if you change the year or
the time-date data on a new C26x or on a client, the DS Agile system receives data from
two sources: the IRIG B signal, and the new C26x or client. this can cause a data
incoherency.
Make sure that the CMT is connected to the SNTP master server.
In the CMT, in the Please-modify-or-confirm-date… window, select the Year.

To close the window, click OK.

The SNTP master server changes the Year and the Day. Within 20 seconds, when the SNTP master server
receives the next IRIG B signal, the SNTP master server keeps the Year you typed and changes the Day to
agree with the IRIG B signal.
The SNTP master server sends the time-date data, including the correct year, through the SBUS to all of the
devices.
10.2.5.4.3 IRIG-B
This section is used to read IRIG B information from the C26x.
If the IRIG-B is connected:
If the IRIG-B is not connected:
The Synchronism section is used to read synchronism information from the C26x:

10.2.5.5 ERRORS
The content of "/flash/systrap/index.txt" is displayed. It shows the number of errors since the initialization of
the index, the date and time of the last error and the name of the file containing information on this error.
This file (with the latest systrap) is pre-selected in the File to display drop-down list.
On a C26x the latest ten error files are archived, select one of these files using the drop-down list.
Click a file to view it:

 Print is used to sends the file to the Windows printer.

 Save as... is used to save the file on the PC disk. It opens a file chooser window:
Note that the file filename refers to the file "/flash/SYSTRAP/STxx.TXT" on the C26x.

10.2.5.6 FILE EXPLORER

This section is designed like many FTP clients or file explorers.
The left part is an image of the local PC file system, the right one an image of the C26x files system.
10.2.5.6.1 Local PC side (left)

On the PC-side, the default current directory is the latest selected directory (value saved in the Registry).
Directories are displayed with a bold font. They can be browsed by clicking them once. The content of the
browser is automatically updated to reflect the new directory files or subdirectories.
Files show with a normal font. To select a file, just click on it once (the dark blue background indicates the
selection).
The drop-down list Change disk lists all the drives of the PC used as root for the browser.
A grey box shows the current path or selected file (bold).
10.2.5.6.2 Remote C26x side (right)

On the right size, select the root of the C26x file system in the Change root list. /RAMDEV (ramdisk) and
/flash (flash memory) are available.
One click on a directory shows its content and one click on a file selects it (the dark blue background
indicates the selection).

For each file, its size and modification date are also displayed.
The Delete button is used to delete the selected file on the C26x file system. A confirmation window opens
showing the full path of the file to be deleted and user can confirm or cancel.
The Format button is used to erase and reformat the C26x file system, all files are deleted. This button is
only useable while the C26x is stopped or on boot mode. A confirmation window opens and user has to
confirm or cancel his click.
10.2.5.6.3 Download (left to right arrow)
To begin a transfer, use the two arrows between the two browsers:
Select  to download the file selected on the PC browser in the directory selected on the C26x.
The name is not changed, only files with a DOS name (8 . 3 character format) can be copied. The file is
automatically overwritten if it already exists on the C26x.
The progress bar shows the progression of the transfer in yellow, the write time in flash memory is
represented by a fully red progress bar.
10.2.5.6.4 Upload (right to left arrow)
Select  to upload a file. The file selected on the C26x is uploaded on the PC, in the current directory.
The name is not changed. The file is automatically overwritten if it already exists on the C26x.
The progress bar shows the progression of the transfer in yellow.
10.2.5.7 BOOTINSTALL
This function is equivalent to the BootInstall command, launched from a shell. It downloads automatically a
set of files essential to a C26x application.
The directory is selected by the operator. The set of files is automatically selected and must match the type
of CPU Board fitted in the C26x.

On the PC-side (left), the default current directory is the latest selected directory (value saved in Registry).
Directories are displayed in bold font. They can be browsed by clicking them once. The content of the
browser is automatically updated to reflect the new directory files or subdirectories.
Files are shown with a normal font. To select a file, just click it once (a dark blue background indicates that it
is selected).
The top box "Change disk" lists all the drives of the PC used as root for the browser.
A grey box shows the current path (in bold characters). If a file is selected, only the path is used, the
filename is ignored.
 Start BootInstall
The C26x must be in the STOPPED or BOOT mode. After a confirmation window, the BootInstall begins.
The upper progress bar shows the progression file by file (yellow for transfer, red for write).
The lower progress bar shows the progression of the global process (yellow).
the Start BootInstall button is deleted after each use, you have to click BootInstall again and select
another directory.
 Abort BootInstall
The Abort BootInstall button can stop the file transfer process. The click is saved and stop the download
after a full file transfer, it cannot stop while a file is being transferred. No confirmation is needed.
 Update bootrom
The Update bootrom button is used to update the bootrom part of the C26x flash memory (software
executed after a restart). The C26x must be in stopped mode to allow this function.
The user must first select a directory that contains the "bootrom.flh" file. A confirmation is requested.
The file is downloaded first into the C26x as /RAMDEV/bootrom.flh and copied afterwards in flash memory.
Be sure of your choice, if an incorrect file is selected, the C26x will not reboot at the next
restart.
10.2.5.8 TELNET
This button launches the default Windows Telnet client on the operator PC. Telnet is connected to the
selected C26x.
It can be used to easily get a shell on the C26x, in order to perform tasks that CMT cannot handle.
Login: C264 Password: psw@C264
The "logout" command or the Windows closure can be used to terminate the session.
As Telnet session is launched independently of CMT, multi sessions on two or more C26x units are possible.

Telnet uses TCP/IP stack and the C26x has to be accessible from the PC in this mode.
Commands:
 Type i to display the list of available commands

 Type lkup <command name> to gain help on a command
 Type S_DBTEST_print_bay to check out the C26x items
10.2.5.9 EVENT LOG STORAGE
This section reads or changes event log storage and printer configuration from or to the C26x.
10.2.5.9.1 Event log storage management
Function Information
"Function information" gives information about event log storage mechanism.
Enable/Disable event log storage
"Disable event log storage" (default state) disables event log storage mechanism. The state is updated in
function information window.
"Enable event log storage" (default state) enables event log storage mechanism. The state is updated in
function information window.
Get stored event log

"Get stored event log" reads event log saved in the C26x flash memory, transfers it in a "temporary" file:
c:\Temp\ArchX.lst

and opens a "notepad" window.
The file can be edited, printed, saved like a regular PC file.

10.2.5.9.2 Printer management
Get Printer Parameter
"Get Printer Parameter" reads printer configuration.

Device can be one of:

"no printer"
"Frontal RS232": subd 9 points on front panel (setting or shell connector)
"/Scc1/tty": port 1 on BIU
"/Scc2/tty": port 2 on BIU
"/Scc3/tty": port 3 on Cpu270 board (rear side)
"/Scc4/tty": port 4 on Cpu270 board (rear side)
Control can be one of:
"0 (none)" no control
"1 (Xon/Xoff)" software control
"2 (Hard)" hardware control
"3 (Both)" software and hardware control
Printer mode
"printer mode" changes printer mode from NORMAL (prints events marked as printable in configuration) to
OFF (does not print any events even if printable in configuration) or DEBUG (prints all events even if they are
not marked printable in configuration).
Event log mode

"Event log mode" changes event log mode from NORMAL (saves events marked as "log" in configuration) to
DEBUG (saves all the events even if they are not marked "log" in configuration).
10.2.5.10 STOP COMPUTER

This operation stops the selected C26x application software. It suspends all tasks except "SYNCHRO" and
"SUPERV". A confirmation is needed.
10.2.5.11 REBOOT COMPUTER

This operation reboots the selected C26x. A confirmation is needed.
Notes: the output of a PSL automation can be altered by such a reboot; in this case, it is preferable to reboot
through the shell.
For versions B6.00 to B6.08 the command reboot can only be issued using the shell interface (reboot shell
command) or cycling the power of the C26x when it is in STOPPED mode.
10.2.5.12 MONITOR
This allows to display by board, with automatically refresh or not:
 the board status: green for present and configured, blue for missing, greyed out for not configured
 all the I/O values: green for on/closed, red for off/open, faint if not configured
 the channel statuses: valid / invalid / configured / not configured

10.2.5.13 BOARDS AND IEDS STATE

This allows to display:
 the state of the boards and the IED legacy communication link
 the main racks and their extensions (if applicable)
 the data from max 1 main and 32 extensions (version stand-alone multi-rack)
 the configured boards state (green for present, blue for missing, red for faulty) and SCE index (@0,
@1, etc)
 the communication state of IED rack / serial port (max 16 IEDs x 4 ports) (red for disconnected)

10.2.5.14 STATEMENTS
This allows to display datapoints current status / values in a Notepad viewer:
 Binary Inputs
 Measurements
 Counters
 TPI (Step Position Information)

Example: TPI in conjunction with the AVR function.

The AVR function (refer to the chapter C26x/EN FT) includes counting the number of tap changes and times
of use of tape changers. CMT enables the operator to view them
 since the C26x init (Global)

 since the latest reset time (Partial)
 permanently on a slipping period set in DS Agile S1 (refer to chapter C26x/EN ST):
Press the button Reset AVR counting; this refreshes the page and sums the I² and times of use of each
tape (0 to 63).
Press either histogram button to view the Pareto charts:

10.2.5.15 DISTURBANCE
This allows to:
 display the list of slow and fast waveforms

 download from the C26x to the CMT the slow and fast waveform files
 convert automatically these files to COMTRADE 2001
 optionally delete file(s) after successful transfer

The list of disturbance files is displayed in the central text area.

To refresh it, press Refresh.
The button Erase Disturbance is used to erase the Fast WaveForm files from the C26x's memory.

APPLICATION
C26X/EN AP/C57A
DS Agile C26x Application
Contents
2 CONFIGURATION SCOPE FOR THE C26X 8

2.1 General DS Agile system configuration 8
2.2 DS Agile C26x Configuration 8
2.3 Spare object 9
2.4 Smart tables 10
3 DEFINING A C26X CONFIGURATION IN THE SYSTEM HIERARCHY 11

3.1 Setting the general system's parameters relevant to C26x units 11
3.2 Adding and configuring a C26x in the system’s architecture 15
3.2.1 Setting the general attributes of a C26x 17
3.2.2 Configuring binary input (BI) filtering 18
3.2.3 Configuring measurement acquisition and transmission 19
3.2.4 Configuring counter acquisition 20
3.2.5 Configuring the characteristics of a C26x’s internal faults 20
3.2.6 Locating a C26x in a substation (mandatory) 21
3.2.7 Configuration of an SNTP Server 21
3.2.8 Defining a C26x redundancy (optional) 22
3.3 Adding C26x hardware components 23
3.3.1 Adding boards 23
3.3.2 Setting the common attributes of C26x boards 25
3.3.3 Setting the specific attributes of C26x boards 26
3.3.4 Adding extra communication channels to a CPU board 31
3.3.5 Configuring a communication channel 31
3.3.6 Configuring an AI channel 32
3.3.7 Adding a printer 33
3.3.8 Configuring an AO channel 36
3.4 C26x IP address and routing table definition 37
3.4.1 C26x as a gateway connected to a router and a remote IEC104 SCADA 37
3.4.2 C26x as a gateway directly connected to a remote DNP3 SCADA 41
3.5 Networking a C26x on the station-bus network 41
3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to other station-bus sub-systems 41
3.5.2 Defining the address map of a station-bus network 45
3.5.3 Addressing a datapoint on the station-bus network 60
3.6 Networking IEDs on a C26x’s legacy network 61
3.6.1 Creating a legacy network of IEDs 61
3.6.2 Defining the address map of a legacy IED 70
3.6.3 Addressing a datapoint on an IED legacy network 94
3.7 Networking a SCADA on a C26x SCADA network 95
3.7.1 Creating a SCADA network 95
3.7.2 Defining the address map of a SCADA network 103
3.7.3 Addressing a datapoint on a SCADA legacy network 120
3.8 Defining the management of waveform records 120
3.8.1 Defining the management of IED disturbance records 121
3.8.2 Defining T103 IED extra information for disturbance records 122
3.8.3 Defining the management of waveform records acquired via the C26x’s CT/VT board 124
C26x/EN AP/C57a AP-1

Application DS Agile C26x
3.9 Defining a C26x klaxon 133

3.10 Setting system information for C26x components 133
3.10.1 Setting general system information of a C26x 135
3.10.2 Setting system information of board 137
3.10.3 Setting system information of legacy IED 139
3.10.4 Setting system information of serial printer 140
3.10.5 Setting system information of a SCADA network 141
4 DEFINING A DATAPOINT 142

4.1 Topology 142
4.1.1 Electrical and system datapoints 142
4.1.2 Input and Output datapoints 142
4.2 Creating a datapoint profile 143
4.2.1 Overview 143
4.2.2 Using the Profiles table 144
4.2.3 Defining an xPS profile 145
4.2.4 Defining an MV profile 147
4.2.5 Defining a Counter profile 151
4.2.6 Defining an xPC profile 153
4.2.7 Defining a SetPoint profile 156
4.3 Creating a datapoint 158
4.3.1 Defining an SPS datapoint 158
4.3.2 Defining a DPS datapoint 160
4.3.3 Defining an MPS datapoint 162
4.3.4 Defining an MV datapoint 164
4.3.5 Defining a TPI datapoint 167
4.3.6 Defining a Counter datapoint 169
4.3.7 Defining an SPC datapoint 171
4.3.8 Defining a DPC datapoint 173
4.3.9 Defining a SetPoint datapoint 176
4.4 Defining local archiving of datapoint events and alarms by the C26x 180
4.5 Defining local logging of datapoint events and alarms by the C26x 180
4.6 Defining the acquisition source for input datapoints 181
4.6.1 Overview 181
4.6.2 Smart tables 181
4.6.3 Smart tables for TMU boards 182
4.6.4 Acquiring input datapoints via input channels 185
4.6.5 Acquiring an input datapoint via an IED legacy network 188
4.6.6 Acquiring an input datapoint via a non-DS Agile IEC61850-communicating IED 189
4.6.7 Producing an input datapoint 190
4.7 Defining the control source for output datapoints 192
4.7.1 Overview 192
4.7.2 Smart tables 192
4.7.3 Controlling an output datapoint via output channels 193
4.7.4 Controlling output datapoint via an IED legacy network 195
4.7.5 Controlling an output datapoint via a non-DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1-communicating IED 196
4.7.6 Producing an output datapoint 197
4.7.7 Acknowledgement definition in case of simultaneous orders 197
4.8 Defining a datapoint association 198
4.8.1 Adding a target datapoint 198
AP-2 C26x/EN AP/C57a

4.8.2 Linking the target datapoint to the original datapoint 198

4.8.3 Defining the states associations 199
5 DEFINING A C26X CONFIGURATION IN THE ELECTRICAL HIERARCHY 201

5.1 Defining an electrical topology 201
5.1.1 Defining a Site 203
5.1.2 Defining a Substation 203
5.1.3 Defining a Voltage level 208
5.1.4 Defining a Bay 209
5.1.5 Defining a Module 215
5.2 Defining a Synchrocheck function 228
5.2.1 Circuit-breaker definition for synchrocheck 228
5.2.2 Creating a synchrocheck function 232
5.3 Defining an Auto-recloser built-in function 246
5.3.1 Auto-recloser behaviour 246
5.3.2 Creating an auto-recloser function 246
5.3.3 Creating an auto-reclose function (AR type 2) 252
5.4 Defining a Tap changer built-in function 258
5.4.1 Tap changer behaviour 258
5.4.2 Creating a tap changer built-in function 259
5.4.3 Setting the TPI parameters 261
5.5 Defining an automatic voltage regulation – AVR – built-in function 265
5.5.1 Creating an AVR function 265
5.5.2 Graphic section (example of operator workstation listing out the datapoints) 266
5.5.3 AVR behaviour 267
5.6 Defining an automatic voltage regulation – ATCC – built-in function 269
5.6.1 ATCC behaviour 269
5.6.2 Creating an ATCC function 269
5.7 Defining an electrical regulation by user function 281
5.7.1 Defining a group 281
5.7.2 Controlling an xPC using an xPS state change 282
5.7.3 Producing a DPS from 2 SPSs 283
5.7.4 Defining an interlock 284
5.7.5 Defining an automatic/manual dependency 285
5.8 Defining a Load application (C26x-Standalone) 286
5.9 Defining a Fast Load Shedding application 287
5.9.1 Data flow 288
5.9.2 Priority SetPoints 289
5.9.3 Load Shedding Preselection (LSP) 289
5.9.4 Graphical animation with LSP 291
5.9.5 Using an LSP in a PSL 291
5.9.6 Using an LSP in a ISaGRAF diagram 292
5.9.7 Datapoints 293
5.9.8 MASK object and xPS triggers 294
5.9.9 Topology calculation 296
6 DEFINING A C26X LOCAL HMI 297

6.1 Defining a bitmap table 297
6.2 Defining a C26x workspace 299

6.2.1 Settings LHMI labels 299

6.2.2 Creating a workspace 299
6.3 Defining a C26x Bay mimic 300
6.3.1 Creating a C26x Bay mimic 300
6.3.2 Defining the static part: line, bitmap, fixed text 303
6.3.3 Defining dynamic part: pre-defined dynamic text, generic module representation,
transformer representation 306
6.3.4 Assigning an MV to a bay mimic 313
6.4 Displaying a datapoint state through an LED 314
7 DEFINING PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 316

7.1 General 316
7.1.1 General architecture 317
7.1.2 Defining a protection function 317
7.2 [27] Undervoltage protection 318
7.2.1 Description of the protection function 318
7.2.2 Defining the [27] Undervoltage protection function 318
7.3 [32N] Wattmetric Earth Fault protection 319
7.3.2 Defining the wattmetric earth fault protection function 320
7.4 [37] Undercurrent protection 321
7.4.2 Defining the [37] Undercurrent protection function 321
7.5 [46] Negative Sequence Overcurrent protection 322
7.5.2 Defining a [46] Negative Sequence Overcurrent protection function 322
7.6 [49] Thermal overload protection 323
7.6.2 Defining the [49] Thermal overload protection function 324
7.7 [59] Overvoltage protection 324
7.7.2 Defining the [59] Overvoltage protection function 325
7.8 [59N] Residual Overvoltage (neutral displacement) protection 326
7.8.2 Defining the [59N] Residual Overvoltage protection function 326
7.9 [67] Directional overcurrent protection 327
7.9.2 Defining the [67] Directional overcurrent protection function 327
7.10 [67N] Directional Earth Fault protection 328
7.10.2 Defining the [67N] Directional earth fault protection function 329
7.11 [81O] Overfrequency protection 330
7.11.2 Defining the [81O] Overfrequency protection function 331
7.12 [81R] Rate of change of frequency protection 332
7.12.2 Defining the [81R] Rate of change of frequency protection function 332
7.13 [81U] Underfrequency protection 333
7.13.2 Defining the [81U] Underfrequency protection function 333

7.14 Ancillary functions 334

7.14.1 I²t function (circuit-breaker maintenance) 334
7.14.2 Voltage Transformer Supervision (VTS) 336
8 DEFINING AUTOMATISM FUNCTIONS 338

8.1 General 338
8.2 General architecture 338
8.2.1 Adding the automatism function 339
8.3 Protection setting groups 340
8.3.1 Description 340
8.3.2 Setting “2 protection group” automatism functions 340
8.4 [50BF] Breaker failure protection 340
8.4.2 Setting “[50BF] breaker failure” automatism functions 341
8.5 Blocking protection 341
8.5.2 Setting ‘Blocking protection’ automatism functions 341
8.6 Cold load start 342
8.6.2 Setting ‘Cold load start’ automatism function 342
8.7 Logic selectivity 343
8.7.2 Setting ‘Logic selectivity’ automatism function 343
8.8 Maintenance 344
8.8.2 Setting ‘Maintenance’ automatism menu 344
8.9 Miscellaneous 345
8.9.2 Setting ‘Miscellaneous’ automatism menu 345
8.10 Trip management 346
8.10.2 Setting ‘Maintenance’ automatism menu 346
8.11 Trip current measurement indication 347
8.12 Overcurrent/breaker failure phase segregation: Defining faulted circuit/failed CB
pole indication 348



This document describes how to configure the C26x unit.
To generate a template from an existing IEC 61850-8-1 compliant C26x, refer to chapter SCE/EN HI, Tools
menu.

2 CONFIGURATION SCOPE FOR THE C26X
2.1 GENERAL DS AGILE SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

To define a complete DS Agile system, three aspects must be taken into account:
The system topology contains de units that manage the customer’s electrical process. Generally, these are
supplied by Alstom and they correspond to Alstom's system process definition to meet the customer’s needs.
The electrical topology represents the customer’s electrical process definition in terms of typed electrical
units (transformers, disconnectors, circuit-breakers…) that are connected to one another through busbars or
lines. This information is normally provided by the customer.
The graphical topology contains the mimic diagrams and their associated animated graphics that will be
displayed at the substation's control points (Operator Interface) and bay control points (C26x's front panel
HMI).
When a new configuration is created using the SCE, these three topologies are automatically instantiated via
root objects:
 A ‘Site’ object for the electrical topology, containing one ‘Substation’ object.
 A ‘Scs’ object for the system topology, containing one ‘Ethernet network’ object (Scs is an acronym for
Substation Control System).
 A ‘Graphic’ object for the graphical topology.
Figure 1: General architecture of a DS Agile configuration in the System Configuration Editor (SCE)
2.2 DS AGILE C26X CONFIGURATION

In the general DS Agile system configuration, the C26x is present in the three topologies:
 Electrical topology (Site): The C26x manages the bays and their associated modules or substation
information.
 System topology (Scs):

As of DS Agile version 5.0.5, there are only 2 types of objects at the root of the Ethernet network in the
System hierarchy:
 the SMT (System Configuration Tool): The SMT object is unique. It is automatically added when a
database is created (as of DS Agile version 5.0.4) or imported from an earlier version (before DS
Agile version 5.0.4), and must be configured (see SMT/EN AP for details),
 System Groups. The System Group contains the devices managing, monitoring and/or protecting
one or more electrical bays. It is usually a virtual representation of a cubicle or group of cubicles
that house the electrical bay's control and protection devices, although its use is flexible and can be
adapted to particular application cases.
The C26x is a direct sub-component of the System Group.
 Graphical topology (Graphic): The C26x can be fitted with an LCD HMI to display animated graphics
representing the bay's topology as well as information lists such as alarms, measurements, etc.

2.3 SPARE OBJECT

At DS Agile SCE level, a spare object is an object created for possible ulterior use or in order to disable an
HMI command.
The label of a spare object is displayed in gray italic text in the Explorer window. The configuration of this
object and of its spare attribute is the same as that of any other object and attribute.
To configure an object as spare, simply set its ‘spare’ attribute to 'Yes'.
Any object can be spared, including those used in the C26x's configuration.
Spare objects are not passed on to the generator tools.
Object sparing follows these two rules:
 Objects O2, O3, O4, etc., not individually spared, are considered as spare objects if they are linked,
directly or not, to a spare composite parent object (O1):
O1 (Spare = Yes) is equivalent to: O1 (Spare = Yes)
O2 (Spare = No) O2 (Spare = Yes)
S0387ENb

 A relation defined on an object O1, not spare, and linked to a spare object O2, is considered as a
relation with no link:
2.4 SMART TABLES

Several autofill tables can be invoked to speed up input. They are detailed in the corresponding sections.
The interactions between tables are sketched in this figure:

3 DEFINING A C26X CONFIGURATION IN THE SYSTEM

HIERARCHY
3.1 SETTING THE GENERAL SYSTEM'S PARAMETERS RELEVANT TO C26X

UNITS
System configuration is done at the Scs root. It defines the global behaviour of DS Agile units.
It encompasses these attributes:
 Common labels used for control acknowledgement, time quality logging, alarm management logging,
C26x board management.
 Alarm management characteristics (alarm processing type, sound time-delays, alarm clearing modes
per level of gravity).
as well as the relations that define operators' action rights on system datapoints.
Some Scs object attributes affect all the C26x units defined in the substation network:
 time zone: used for timestamp information

 Behaviour on DOU, CCU, HBU(1) or AOU failure (Control refused on faulty board / Computer goes in
fault mode)
(1)
HBU board: please check with Alstom for availability.
 computer password: general default front panel HMI password

 settings password: default password to access protection settings on the front panel HMI (only
relevant if the C26x is fitted with a TMU210 board)
 SBMC management for group (No / Yes): management of SPS groups when some of the SPS that
they contain are managed by a bay in SBMC mode:
 No: SPS groups will disregard the fact that some of the SPS that they contain are managed by a
bay in SBMC mode and will keep taking their states into account,
 Yes: SPS groups will not consider any SPS managed by a bay in SBMC mode and will ignore their
states.
 TCP/IP addressing for SNTP Server: master clock C26x(s) in the system. Up to two C26x units can
be declared as System Master Clock. A System Master Clock C26x gives the time reference to all
others units connected to the station-bus network through SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol). A
System Master Clock C26x is always located in a substation.

Figure 2: General attributes of an Scs object
 board and status Labels

 Control acknowledgement Labels used for order logging

Figure 3: Labels attributes of an Scs object (1/2)

Figure 4: Labels attributes of an Scs object (2/2)
 default alarm processing type: not significant for C26x units as alarm processing is always data-
based
 Audibility features: not applicable to C26x configuration

 Gi (1≤i<:5) default alarm clearing mode (Manual / Automatic)
Figure 5: Alarm attributes of an Scs object

Routing attributes:
 Gateway TCP/IP address: IP address of the intermediate “Router” (if present)

 Target TCP/IP address: IP address of the authorized remote “Client” (Scada, …)
Please see section 3.4 C26x IP address and routing table definition for further details.
Figure 6: Computer routing attributes of an Scs
3.2 ADDING AND CONFIGURING A C26X IN THE SYSTEM’S ARCHITECTURE

To add a C26x definition select a System Group under the Ethernet network in the Object view then
double-click on "C264" in the Objects entry window as shown below:
Figure 7: Adding a C26x to the system’s architecture

Components of a C26x
When you add a device from the Objects Entry window, for instance a C26x, the following sub-tree of the
C26x definition, with default and optional components, is created:
Figure 8: C26x components
 Folders ‘Gooses’ and ‘C26x IEC Map’: describe the station-bus network address mapping of
datapoints managed by the C26x (add the second folder for datapoints without automatic addressing)
 Folder ‘Hardware’: contains all the boards and printers defined for the C26x
 Folder ‘Hardware extension’: contains all the boards and printers defined for the extension rack
(mutirack option)
 Folder ‘System infos’: contains all the general system (i.e. not wired to boards) datapoints of the C26x
 ‘PLC’ (Programmable Logic Controller): contains the relations and ISaGRAF system information

3.2.1 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A C26X

When adding a C26x on the Ethernet network, some of its attributes must be set and checked:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Figure 9: Setting General attributes
(1) short name and long name: used for logging, alarms, …
(2) rack model (80TE / 40TE): there are two C26x variants: wider case (80TE) and compact variant
(40TE). The height of both C26x variants is 4U.
(3) date format: defines the date format displayed on the C26x's front panel HMI (LCD)
(4) Delay for SCADA init (s) (only used for a C26x-Standalone RTU, default value: 60s): elapsed time
between two ASDU frames
In order to avoid transmitting transient states to the SCADA whenever the C26x is energized
(or switches to operational mode), set a value other than 0.
During the start phase and until the time-delay elapses, no message is sent over the communications
network.
When the time-delay elapses, the C26x performs a general check and transmits all the
configured data to the protocol tasks. Data belonging to absent units is set to “unknown”
state with the time-stamp, which time depends on the next attribute.
(5) UNKNOWN transitions timestamped by SCADA (only used for a C26x-Standalone RTU) (Yes/No):
defines the way datapoints are time-stamped when the C26x connects to a SCADA. If set to:
 No, the datapoints are time-stamped with the ACQUISITION time (which can precede the loss of
communication)
 Yes, the datapoints are time-stamped with the CONNECTION time (in this case the C26x's
acquisition time-stamp is lost)
(6) synchronisation source (None / IRIG-B): defines whether the C26x is synchronized through its IRIG-
B input. The relation at SCS level has for master clock defines which device is the master clock in
the system. A master clock C26x is necessarily synchronized through an IRIG-B input.
(7) TCP/IP address and network name (limited to 15 characters) of the C26x
(8) Boards definition: types of the boards fitted on the C26x

(9) Arbitration support (only used for SCADA protocols T101 and T104 in a C26x-Standalone RTU): flag
enabling the transient information “command in progress” to be sent to a SCADA that is issuing a
control command while one from another SCADA is already being processed; uniqueness control
must be enabled and the substation's L/R and the bay's L/R must both be set to Remote
Configuration rules and checks
 The TCP/IP address value of any device must be unique among all the units within an Ethernet
Network (except for OI server and OI client).
 The network name value of any device must be unique among all the units within an Ethernet
Network (except for OI server and OI client).
3.2.2 CONFIGURING BINARY INPUT (BI) FILTERING

There are two types of input signal handling:
 Debouncing: the start transition is signaled with the correct time, the following changes within the
debouncing time are ignored. The range of the debouncing time is 0 to 20 ms (1 ms step). The event
is time-stamped at the time of the first transition
 Filtering: the transition is only signaled if the signal is stable for at least as long as the filtering time.
The range of the filtering time is from 0 to 20 ms (with a 1 ms step). Filtering is allowed only if
debouncing is applied (i.e. filtering cannot be applied if there was no debouncing beforehand). The
event is time-stamped at the instant of the first transition.
Filtering time
Debouncing
time
t0 t1 t2
C0127ENa
Figure 10: Debouncing and filtering
A value of 0 means that no filter is applied: a change of state is validated as soon as it is detected.

Three pairs of delays (debouncing/filtering) are defined:
 one for all Digital Inputs which will be used as Binary Inputs
 one for all Digital Inputs which will be used as Digital Measurements
 one for all Digital Inputs which will be used as counters
Figure 11: Setting BI acquisition attributes
(1) debouncing delay (range [0, 20 ms], step 1 ms)

(2) filtering delay (range [0, 20 ms], step 1 ms)
(3) toggling attributes are defined as follows:
 A digital input (DI) is said to be toggling if its state has changed more than N times within a given
time period, T1.
 A toggling DI becomes valid again if its state has not changed within another time period, T2.
 N (toggling transition number), T1 (toggling delay) and T2 (toggling end delay) are parameters
determined for each C26x during the configuration process.
 If the attribute debouncing delay is set to 0, then the attribute filtering delay must be set to 0 too.
3.2.3 CONFIGURING MEASUREMENT ACQUISITION AND TRANSMISSION
Figure 12: Measurements attributes for a C26x
(1) Debouncing delay and filtering delay: used for digital measurements

(2) Analogue measurements acquired on AIU boards: AM acquisition samples ranges for long scanning
(range [500 ms, 10000 ms], step 500 ms) and short scanning (range [100 ms, 1000 ms], step 100 ms).
For each AIU board channel, a short or long scanning period chosen (see section 3.3.6 Configuring an
AI channel)
(3) CT/VT acquisition on the TMU board with fundamental frequency of either 50 or 60 Hz (the number
of harmonics is fixed to a maximum of 16)
(4) Short transmission period on the station bus (range [0, 60 s], step 100 ms) and long transmission
period given by a multiple of the short period ([0..600]x short transmission period)
 If the attribute debouncing delay is set to 0, then the attribute filtering delay must be set to 0 too.
3.2.4 CONFIGURING COUNTER ACQUISITION
Figure 13: Counter acquisition attributes of a C26x
(1) debouncing delay and filtering delay: used for digital counters (see section 3.2.2 Configuring binary
input (BI) filtering for details)
 If the attribute debouncing delay is set to 0, then the attribute filtering delay must be set to 0
3.2.5 CONFIGURING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A C26X’S INTERNAL FAULTS
Figure 14: Miscellaneous attributes of a C26x
(1) Number of software faults allowed in a given period else the C26x remains in HALT mode. The C26x
reboots automatically as long as it does not reach the fault max number within the fault detection
time period. When these criteria are met, the C26x remains in HALT mode.
(2) AP-Title: MMS parameter. Always set at the default value.
AE-Qualifier: Extension of the IP address if several server applications are using the same agency. It
will start at 1 for the first application, then 2 for the second and so on… up to a maximum of 50.

3.2.6 LOCATING A C26X IN A SUBSTATION (MANDATORY)

As indicated in section 3.1 Setting the general system's parameters relevant to C26x units, each system
device has to be located in a specific substation. This is done by defining the mandatory relation (1) is
located in for each device in the system, especially the C26x units.
(1)
Figure 15: Locating a C26x in a substation
3.2.7 CONFIGURATION OF AN SNTP SERVER

As indicated in section 3.1 Setting the general system's parameters relevant to C26x units, up to two
controllers (C26x or third-party device) can be set as master clock(s) for the system:
(1) A primary controller acts as the main master clock,
(2) A secondary controller acts as back-up master clock in case of primary controller failure.
Define the TCP/IP address of the main master clock controller and the TCP/IP address of the back-up
master clock controller in the attributes or the Scs. In the figure below, the controller with the IP address
192.168.0.10 (TCP/IP address) acts as the main synchronization source for the system and the controller
with the IP address 192.168.0.12 (auxiliary TCP/IP address) acts as the back-up synchronization source for
the system in case the main controller master clock fails.
Figure 16: SNTP configuration

3.2.8 DEFINING A C26X REDUNDANCY (OPTIONAL)

To define a redundant C26x:
 Create the main C26x which will act as the master.

 Open the contextual menu of the C26x and select Create backup (1).
Then:
 A second C26x (which will act as slave) is automatically created with an implicit relation of backup
between the two C26x units.
 A new relation has for backup is automatically created under the main C26x.
 When the backup C26x is created, most of its attributes and components are identical to those of the
main C26x and cannot be edited. The only exceptions are its short name and long name, as well as its
network identification (IP address and network name) that must be correctly updated. When an object
is added to (or removed from) the main C26x, the same object is added to (or removed from) the
backup C26x but its attributes can only be modified at the main C26x level and those changes will be
automatically cascaded to the backup C26x level.
(1)
Figure 17: Creating a C26x redundancy

Backup Controller
Main Controller
C1111ENa
Figure 18: Defining a C26x redundancy
To assign a redundant C26x to a C26x-Standalone (RTU), just set its attribute number of masters to 2.
Such a C26x-Standalone RTU can manage neither ISaGRAF nor PSL functions. Performing a check shall
ensure that there is no resulting inconsistency.
If applicable, a wiring report will generate a mapping of the available racks (main and extension). When the
main rack of a C26x-Standalone RTU is assigned a redundant C26x, the mapping is generated anew with its
name suffixed with “#master 2”.
3.3 ADDING C26X HARDWARE COMPONENTS
3.3.1 ADDING BOARDS

The following boards, each managing specific functions, can be added to the DS Agile C26x units depending
on the required functionalities:
 DIU2xx – Digital input boards with 16 digital input channels:

- digital and counter acquisition
- digital measurement acquisition
 AIU201 – Analogue input boards with 4 analogue input channels:

- analogue measurement acquisition
 AIU210-211 – Analogue input boards with 8 analogue input channels:

- analogue measurement acquisition
 TMU200/TMU210/TMU220 - CT and VT input boards with 4 CT and 4 VT input channels (5 VT inputs

on TMU220):
- CT/VT sampling acquisition,
- MV computations based on acquired samples (associated DSP or DSPIO daughter board of the
CPU270 processor board)
 DOU2xx – Digital output boards with 10 digital output channels:

- execution of single or dual, transient or permanent commands
- setting of digital setpoints
 CCU2xx – Mixed digital boards with 8 digital input and 4 digital output channels (make sure that the
DOs 4,5,6,7 are defined but not used):
- Circuit breaker Control Unit
 CPU270 – Processor boards with communication channels: two Ethernet ports and serial
communication ports
 BIU2xx – Power Supply board with communication channels (serial communication ports)

 GHU200 – Graphical panel boards with LED channels

 AOU200 – Analogue output board with 4 analogue output channels
The C26x hardware definition is done in SCE by adding typed boards under the C26x object. Mandatory
boards (CPU270, GHU200, BIU2xx) are automatically created with the C26x. Implicitly typed channels are
created with the corresponding boards.
Note:
Ethernet communications board (SWU20x, SWR2xx, SWD2xx, SRP28x) are automatically recognized by the CPU270
processing board and are therefore not added in the SCE configuration.
Linking datapoints to input/output channels is called datapoint "wiring".

To add a board definition, select the C26x level and add the board from the contextual Objects entry
window: Either double-click on the board's name or right-click on it and then select Add as shown below:
Figure 19: Adding a board to a C26x

Slots and boards in a C26x 80TE unit
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
.BIU CPU
 Slots from C to P may contain a board of the following types: AIU201, AIU210-211, AOU200,
CCU2xx, DIU2xx or DOU20x
 Slot Q may contain one TMU200/220 or TMU210 board or one board of the above types.
 If a TMU200/220 or TMU210 board is present, then the number of boards must be  14; if not the
number of boards must be  15.
 If there is an Ethernet board (SWU20x, SWR2xx, SWD2xx, SRP28x) it must be installed in either slot
C or D.

Slots and boards in a C26x 40TE unit

A B C D E F G H
BIU CPU
 Slots C to F may contain a board of the following types: AIU201, AIU210-211, AOU200, CCU2xx,
DIU2xx, DOU20x
 Slots G and H may either contain one TMU200/220 or TMU210 board or two boards of the above
types
 If a TMU200/220 or TMU210 board is present, then the number of boards must be  4; if not, the
number of boards must be  6
 If there is an Ethernet board (SWU20x, SWR2xx, SWD2xx, SRP28x) it must be installed in either slot
C or D
Note:
A 40TE or 80TE C26x unit can manage up to 4 AOU boards. AOU boards cannot be used in a C26x redundancy
environment
3.3.2 SETTING THE COMMON ATTRIBUTES OF C26X BOARDS

For each board fitted into the C26x the short name attribute (1) may be edited so as to ensure correct
logging and alarm discrimination of the board status datapoint.
For the AIU2xx, CCU2xx, DIU2x0, DIU211, DOU200, DOU201 and AOU200 boards the board number
attribute (2) must be set.
For the CPU270, BIU2xx, GHU200, TMU2x0 boards, this attribute is forced to 0 by the SCE and, except for
TMU220, it does not appear in the attributes window:
Figure 20: General attributes common to all boards

 For each board type (AIU201, AIU210/AIU211, AOU200, CCU2xx, DIU2xx, DOU2xx), the board
number attribute values must start at 0, be unique and contiguous.
3.3.3 SETTING THE SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTES OF C26X BOARDS
3.3.3.1 SETTING THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF A BIU2XX BOARD

The BIU2xx power supply board can have either a single (BIU241/BIU261) or a dual (BIU261) power supply
source. The type of power supply must be indicated by setting the BIU board type in the General tab-pane:
 BIU mono source if the board manages a single power supply,

 BIUR dual source if if the board manages a redundant power supply.
Figure 21: General attributes of BIU2xx boards
3.3.3.2 SETTING THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF A GHU2X0 BOARD

For the GHU board, the specific attribute HMI type (1) has to be set to:
 Simple if the C26x is fitted with a GHU board without LCD (GHU210/220)
 Complete if the C26x is fitted with a GHU board with LCD (GHU200)
The default start panel (2) is the panel that will be displayed when the C264 is booted. The default
inactivity panel (3) is the panel that will be displayed after the timeout delay before inactivity (4) elapses.
(5) alarm panel present: Yes or No
(6) setting panel present: Yes or No. This option is always available but is only relevant if the C26x has
protection functions, as otherwise this panel will be empty but for the header.
(7) LED allocation: Free (the LEDs on the C264 front panel can be freely assigned to datapoints) or
pre-defined (factory-set configuration)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Figure 22: General attributes specific to a GHU200 board

Note:
For a complete HMI, the extra relation has for workspace (1) must be filled in at board level. For details about the
C26x workspace, see section 6.2 Defining a C26x workspace.
Figure 23: Defining a workspace for a complete GHU200 board
For C26x LED configuration, see section 6.4 Displaying a datapoint state through an LED.
 If the HMI type attribute is set to Simple, then Led#5 must not be assigned (no relation link from
Led#5 to any datapoint) as it is reserved for the Local/Remote indication on that front panel.
 If the HMI type attribute is not set to Complete, then the relation has for workspace must not be
linked as there will be no LCD to display the workspace on the front panel.
3.3.3.3 SETTING THE SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTES OF A TMU200/220 BOARD

For TMU200/220 board, the following attributes have to be set for correct CT/VT computation of derived
measurements.
General tab-pane
(1) short name
(2) board location (Physically present / Remote board): Reserved for future use. Keep default setting
Physically present.
(3) electrical network topology (Star / Delta): VT arrangement for the three phase or phase-phase
voltages, as defined for (6) reference phase side.
(4) earth phase coeff (range [0.0, 2.0], step 0.01): Earth factor K0 used by the Synchrocheck function to
derive the phase-phase voltages from the phase-neutral voltages and vice-versa where there are
different VT topologies on the line side and on the busbar side.

(5) reference phase (Phase A or AB / Phase B or BC / Phase C or CA): Phase or phase pair used by the
Synchrocheck function to compare the line and busbar voltages.
(6) reference phase side (Phase A, B, C wired line side / Phase A, B, C wired busbar side)
Note:
The reference phase and reference phase side attributes are not used for Synchrocheck type 3. Their settings will
simply not be taken into account if Synchrocheck type 3 is configured.
(7) power flow mode (Mode 1 (Export power, leading vars) / Mode 2 (Import power, leading vars) / Mode
3 (Export power, lagging vars) / Mode 4 (Import power, lagging vars) )
(8) tension range (57 V - 130 V / 220 V - 480 V): voltage range of the TMU board's voltage inputs.
(9) nominal current (1000 mA / 5000 mA): Rated secondary phase current
(10) nominal voltage (range [1 V, 500 V], step 0.00001 V): Rated secondary three-phase voltage
(11) nominal voltage for busbar (V) reserved for future use
(12) period number to compute harmonic (range [1, 50], step 1): number of electrical periods between
consecutive harmonics counts
(13) period number to compute energy (range [1, 50], step 1): number of electrical periods between
consecutive energy counts
(14) voltage ref change mode (Default voltage reference / Current voltage reference):
 Default voltage reference: as soon as the stated reference phase is valid again, the TMU
acquisition process locks onto it
 Current voltage reference: the TMU acquisition process remains locked onto the phase that has a
valid signal
(15) meas quality when missing (value=0; quality=VALID / quality=FAULTY)
 value=0; quality=VALID: when the TMU board receives no signal, that absence is considered as a
valid 0 value that the C26x transmits over the network: IEC, HMI, GTW…
 quality=FAULTY: when the TMU board receives no signal, that absence is considered as an invalid
value and the C26x transmits the signal "self-check fault" over the network: IEC, HMI, Gateway…
During TMU frequency synchronization, set the related measurement values to 0 /self-Check fault. Do
not set the related measurement values to 0 / Valid.
If the reference phase signal is absent, the values transmitted by the TMU board are set to invalid.
Extra attributes are reserved for future use. The TMU220 board has the same attributes as the TMU200
except that it has an additional attribute physical board number which is set to 0 by default. That setting is
fixed and cannot be changed.

Figure 24: General attributes specific to a TMU200/220 board
Please refer to the chapter C26x/EN CO (Connections) for the description of the TMU2xx electrical CT/VT
inputs and database association.
3.3.3.4 SETTING THE SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTES OF A TMU210 BOARD

For TMU210 board, the following attributes have to be set for correct CT/VT computation of extra
measurements:
(1) type of connection (3 Vpn (star) / 3 Vpn + V0 (star) / 2 Vpn + V0 (partial star) / 2 Vpp + V0 (partial
delta) / 3 Vpp + V0 (delta) / 3 Vpn + Vb (star) / 3 Vpp + Vb (delta)) of the voltage transformers.
(2) earth phase coeff (range [0.0, 2.0], step 0.01): Earth factor K0 used by the Synchrocheck function to
derive the phase-phase voltages from the phase-neutral voltages and vice-versa where there are
different VT topologies on the line side and on the busbar side.
(3) reference phase side (Phase A, B, C wired line side / Phase A, B, C wired busbar side).
(4) voltage range (57 V - 130 V / 220 V - 480 V): voltage range of the TMU board's voltage inputs.
(5) reference phase (Phase A or AB / Phase B or BC / Phase C or CA): Phase or phase pair used by the
Synchrocheck function to compare the line and busbar voltages.
(6) transformer nominal current (A) (range [1, 9999 A], step 1 A): Rated primary phase current
(7) nominal current (mA) (1000 mA / 5000 mA): Rated secondary phase current
(8) transformer nominal homopolar current (A) (range [1, 9999 A], step 1 A): Rated primary neutral
current
(9) nominal homopolar current (mA) (1000 mA / 5000 mA): Rated secondary neutral current
(10) nominal homopolar current origin (acquired / computed): Defines whether the neutral current is
measured from a dedicated CT or if it derived from the sum of the three phase currents
(11) transformer nominal voltage (V) (range [10, 400000 V], step 0. 01 V): Rated primary phree-phase
voltage
(12) nominal voltage (V) (range as defined by (4) voltage range, step 0.000001 V): Rated secondary
three-phase voltage

(13) transformer nominal homo voltage (V) (range [10, 100000 V], step 0.000001 V): Rated primary
residual voltage
(14) nominal homopolar voltage (V) (range as defined by (4) voltage range, step 0.000001 V): Rated
secondary residual voltage
(15) MV read cycle (ms) (range [100, 9900 ms], step 100 ms): time interval at which measured values
are refreshed on the local LCD and re-sent over the network (to SCADA etc.)
(16) transformer sensibility (sensitivity) (not sensible / sensible / very sensible): setting used to
determine the Ien range for earth fault protection.
(17) EPATR tore type (400/1 / 100 / 80/1 / not used): transformer ratio for the resistive earth fault core
balance CT (legacy protection function)
Extra attributes such as (18) and (19) are reserved for future use.
Figure 25: General attributes specific to a TMU210 board
If the reference phase signal is absent, the values transmitted by the TMU210 board are considered invalid.
Please refer to Chapter CO (Connections) for the description of the TMU210 electrical CT/VT inputs and
database association.

3.3.4 ADDING EXTRA COMMUNICATION CHANNELS TO A CPU BOARD

At CPU270 level, the frontal RS232 port is mandatory and automatically created along with the board. An
extra 2 communication channels can be added from the SCE's Objects entry window.
Figure 26: Adding communication channels
3.3.5 CONFIGURING A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL

A communication channel is a physical port available on the CPU or the BIU board upon their creation or
manually added as an option.
A communication channel can be used exclusively for:
 Communications with an IED legacy network

 Communications with a SCADA network
 Communications with a serial printer
Mandatory front port
C1113ENa
Figure 27: Use of communication channels
Once associated with a communication link, the physical port needs to be set in accordance with the
communication link's characteristics:
(1) RS type (RS232 / RS485)

(2) baud rate (bits/s) (50 / 100 / 200 / 300 / 600 / 1200 / 2400 / 4800 / 9600 / 19200 / 38400 / 56000 /
64000)
Note: The settings for this attribute can be different for ports 3 and 4 on the CPU270 boards.
(3) parity (No parity / Odd parity / Even parity)

(4) number of stop bits (1 bit / 2 bits)
(5) nb bits per char. (7 bits / 8 bits)
(6) Tx carrier management (Switched / Constant / Soft):
 Switched: when the C26x has to send a frame it sets the RTS line and waits for the CTS line to be
set by the receiver. Then it waits during a time defined by the attribute pre TX time (9) before
starting to transmit the frame. When the transmission is complete, the C26x waits during a time
defined by the attribute post TX time (10) before resetting the RTS line
 Constant: the RTS line is always set by the C26x. When it has to send a frame it waits for the CTS
line to be set by the receiver before starting to transmit
 Soft: the RTS and CTS line are not managed by the C26x
(7) CTS wired (No / Yes): this attribute must be set to YES if the TX carrier management attribute is set
to Switched or to Constant
(8) CD wired (No / Yes): in order for the DCD line to be managed by the C26x this attribute must be set to
YES if the TX carrier management parameter is set to Switched
(9) pre TX time (range [0, 1 s], step 1 ms): this attribute is visible and therefore significant only if attribute
(6) is set to Switched
(10) post TX time (range [0, 1 s], step 1 ms): this attribute is visible and therefore significant only if
attribute (6) is set to Switched
Figure 28: General attributes and Transmission attributes of a communication channel
3.3.6 CONFIGURING AN AI CHANNEL

An AI channel is an analogue input available on the AIU201 and AIU21x boards upon their creation. AI
channels are used for analogue measurement acquisition.

Figure 29: Use of analogue channels
Once associated with an MV, the AI needs to be set in accordance with the acquisition characteristics:
(1) sensor range for AIU201: -20 mA …+20 mA / -10 mA …+10 mA / -5 mA …+5 mA / -1 mA …+1 mA
/
0 mA …+1 mA / 0 mA …+5 mA / 0 mA …+10 mA / 0 mA …+20 mA / 4 mA …+20 mA / -10 V…+10 V /
-5 V...+5 V / -2.5 V… +2.5 V / -1.25 V …+1.25 V
sensor range for AIU210/AIU211: -20 mA …+20 mA / -10 mA …+10 mA / -5 mA...+5 mA /
-1 mA…+1 mA / 0 mA…+1 mA / 0 mA…+5 mA / 0 mA…+10 mA / 0 mA...+20 mA / 4 mA …+20 mA
(2) acquisition period (short period / long period): see section 3.2.3 Configuring measurement
acquisition and transmission.
Figure 30: Configuring an AI channel
3.3.7 ADDING A PRINTER

SCE data modeling describes printers used in Alstom's DS Agile system for ‘sequence of events’ and log
book functions at the operator interface and C26x levels.
At the C26x level a printer must be serially connected to one of the C26x's communication channels .
To create a C26x printer:
 Select the C26x level and add a serial printer from the contextual Objects entry window:

Figure 31: Adding a serial printer

 Configure its has for communication port relation (1) and its attribute printer control (2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Figure 32: Updating the communication port’s relation for a serial printer
To control the way logging is managed and formatted on a serial printer, update the printer's attributes:
(3) page size (range [20 lines, 65535 lines], step 1 line).
(4) buffer size (range [100 events, 3000 events], step 100 events)
(5) number of events to suppress when buffer is saturated (range [30 events, 1000 events], step 10
events)
(6) Rank of the various columns used for printing formats.
 The following constraint must be respected : buffer size > nb of events to suppress when
saturated

An extract of logging that illustrates the various columns used for printing formats is shown below:
Figure 33: Columns used for printing formats
Configuration rules and checks:

The value of each "… column rank" attribute must be unique.
3.3.8 CONFIGURING AN AO CHANNEL

AO channels are analogue outputs generated with an AOU200 board when it is created in SCE.
Figure 34: Uses of AO channels
The AO channel has the following attributes:

(1) Output current maintained mode: Yes or No
Each current output is individually managed in 2 modes:
 Maintained mode: if a C26x is shut down or powered off, the output level is maintained (and the
Read inhibit relay is set). The output value will change only when a new setpoint is received.
 Unmaintained Mode: if a C26x shuts down, the output is set to 0
(2) sensor range for AOU200: -20 mA …+20 mA / -10 mA …+10 mA / -5 mA …+5 mA / 4 mA …+20 mA
/
0 mA …+5 mA /0 mA …+10 mA / 0 mA …+20 mA

Figure 35: Attributes of AO channels
3.4 C26X IP ADDRESS AND ROUTING TABLE DEFINITION

Below are two examples of C26x addressing and routing table definition in two typical C26x application
cases.
3.4.1 C26X AS A GATEWAY CONNECTED TO A ROUTER AND A REMOTE IEC104

SCADA
19
2 .16
8.1
0 .0 T104 SCADA
19 Client addresses
2 .16 192.168.10.5
DS 8. 1 192.168.10.9
Ag 0.9
ile 9 192.168.10.110
19 192.168.10.54
2.1
68 19
.2 0.0 2 .16
8.2
0 .99
19
2.1
68
.2 0.9
8
192.168.20.1
19 Subnet mask:
2.1
68 255.255.255.0
.3 0.1
2
Webserver or other IP
application (CMT, SMT, …)
192.168.30.2
192.168.30.0
Figure 36: C26x connected to a SCADA via a router

3.4.1.1 C26X ROUTING TABLE PARAMETERS

In the SCE configuration, the C26x’s routing table is declared as follows:
 Gateway TCP/IP address gives the address of the router.

 Target TCP/IP address is the address of the remote “Client” that will be connected through this
router.
Figure 37: Attributes of an SCS
Example:
192.168.30.0 can be replaced with 192.168.30.2. In that case, the C26x can reply only to the IP address
192.168.30.2.
The label “Gateway TCP/IP address” should be read as “Router IP address” (not linked to the C26x’s
gateway function) and the label “Target TCP/IP address” should be read as “Target or Network IP address”.
3.4.1.2 T104 PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION

It is possible to secure T104 client remote connection by giving a short list of authorized clients.
In this example, the T104 SCADA link configuration is defined as follows:
Figure 38: T104 configuration

3.4.1.3 C26X IP ADDRESS DEFINITION

The C26x's IP address is defined:
 locally on the C26x's LCD IHM

 using the CMT maintenance tool (over Ethernet)
 using the C26x’s maintenance shell (for Maintenance Experts only)
In this example the C26x has the address 192.168.20.1 and the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 (default value).
It can reach all units that have an address in the range 192.168.30.x.
3.4.1.4 C26X IP PARAMETERS USING THE CMT MAINTENANCE TOOL
Figure 39: IP on Ethernet: Internet address of the Ethernet interface
The Internet addresses (IP) are specified in "dot" notation (e.g., 10.22.92.52).
Example: 10.22.92.52
This field can have an optional subnet mask in the form inet_adrs:subnet_mask.
Example: 10.22.92.52:0xFFFF0000  subnet mask = 255.255.0.0
10.22.92.52:0xFF000000  subnet mask = 255.0.0.0
By default, the subnet mask is set to 0xFFFFFF00  subnet mask = 255.255.255.0

3.4.1.5 ROUTER-PC CONFIGURATION (CASE OF A PC RUNNING MS WINDOWS)

In the case of a PC with two Ethernet boards, configure the IP addresses of each board and enable IP
routing using a registry key.
In the Registry Editor, scroll down to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip \Parameters
Select the IPEnableRouter entry:
Figure 40: Registry edition
To enable IP routing for all network connections installed on and used by this PC, set its value to 1.
This will be taken into account after rebooting.
3.4.1.6 PC CONFIGURATION WHEN USING THE C26X MAINTENANCE WEBSERVER

On the WebServer PC, define and add the “route” to access the C26x:
 open a DOS Command prompt window and type: Route ADD 192.168.20.1 MASK 255.255.0.0
192.168.30.12.
(According to the usual definition: “route ADD @target MASK mask @gateway”)
3.4.1.7 PARTICULAR CASE OF A DHCP NETWORK

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is based on automatic assignment of IP addresses,
subnet masks, default gateway, and other IP parameters.
Warning:
The C26x is designed for fixed IP adDress networks: IP adDressing conflicts could be
encountered if the C26x were installed on a network with DHCP addressing.

3.4.2 C26X AS A GATEWAY DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO A REMOTE DNP3 SCADA
192.168.30.4
SCADA DNP3-IP
ALSTOM DS AGILE
192.168.20.0
C264 GTW
DNP3-IP
192.168.20.1 192.168.20.2
C1010ENa
Figure 41: C26X connected to a SCADA
Note:
In the case of a DNP3/IP SCADA connected to a C26x-GTW without using any router, it is not necessary to configure
the IP addresses at SCS level (Gateway TCP/IP address, Target TCP/IP address).
In this example, the C26x's address must be 192.168.20.1 and its SubNetwork mask must be set to 255.255.0.0. The
C26x will accept a connection from a SCADA with the address: 192.168.30.4.
3.5 NETWORKING A C26X ON THE STATION-BUS NETWORK

The connection of a C26x to the station-bus is implicitly done by adding the C26x hierarchically to a System
Group of the Ethernet network (see section 3.2 Adding and configuring a C26x in the system’s
architecture) and by setting the IP characteristics of the C26x (see 3.2.1 Setting the general attributes of a
C26x).
3.5.1 CONNECTING A C26X TO OTHER STATION-BUS SUB-SYSTEMS
3.5.1.1 OVERVIEW
The IEC 61850-8-1 protocol is used to transmit information between DS Agile sub-systems.
Data modeling according to the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol is based on a client-server architecture. Each
IEC 61850-8-1-communicating DS Agile sub-system (OI server, C26x and remote control gateway) has an
IEC 61850-8-1 data map of which it is the server. A DS Agile sub-system is the server of a datapoint if it
manages it, that is to say if it produces its real-time value (in the case of input datapoints such as states,
measurements and counters) or if it executes its real-time controls (in the case of output datapoints such as
binary commands and setpoints).
To connect a C26x (A) to a specific IEC 61850-8-1-communicating sub-system (B) on the station-bus, an
extra relation has for IEC 61850 server must be created for (A) and point to (B). This means that the C26x
(A) is a client of the sub-system (B) and can access the data managed by the sub-system (B), i.e. read the
relevant real-time values from (B) and send real-time commands to (B).

Figure 42: Connecting a C26x to other station-bus sub-systems
Figure 43: C26x (A) as IEC 61850-8-1 client of C26x (B)
When adding the has for IEC61850 server relation to C26x (A), a specific attribute of the relation,
modeling/goose usage (1), can be set to define the way that data is transmitted from the server (B) to the
C26x (A). There are three possibilities:
 Data model only (or report mode only)

 Goose only
 Data model and Goose
Basically, the Report mode is used to transmit filtered data for display, printing and archiving. The Goose
mode is used to transmit data as soon as possible after its acquisition and as quickly as possible, for
automation purposes.

Goose transmission must be used if the C26x (A) uses BIs served by C26x (B), for ISaGRAF, FBD or
interlock computation (see section 5.7 Defining an electrical regulation by user function).
During a loss of communication between a client and a server, all the server's BIs are set to UNKNOWN on
the client.
 A client must not be linked to the same server through multiple relations has for IEC61850 server
3.5.1.2 REPORT-BASED MODE
A BI can be configured to be transmitted in Report mode via its IEC 61850-8-1 address. In this mode, a
confirmed change of state is spontaneously transmitted to the subscribers.
The BI information transmitted in a report is:
 the state and quality (the BI's resulting state is split in state and quality in IEC 61850-8-1)
 the time stamp (using GMT time) and time quality
 the reason for change, which could be one of the following:
 change of data (if the state has changed, before persistence or motion filtering)
 change of quality (if the quality has changed, before persistence or motion filtering)
 change due to control (if the state or quality change is due to a control)
BI reports are not transmitted in a chronological order by a server (it is an IEC 61850-8-1 client feature to
sort, if needed, all the information in a chronological order).
Reports between a C26x and an IEC 61850-8-1 server

The relation has for IEC61850 server points towards the OI server or a Gateway; its attribute preferred
report type allows choosing between Unbuffered report and Buffered report:
These default values should be kept.

The C26x is reversely an IEC 61850-8-1 server for the OI or Gateway.
In the event of a communications loss, the reports are lost.
Buffered reports (option described in DS Agile/EN FT)
To assign the OI server (respectively Gateway) as the recipient of buffered reports, an extra relation must be
set: click in the Objects entry window at Scs level on the relation has for buffered report client: OI server
(respectively has for buffered report client: IEC61850 gateway).

Then double-click on the relation to select the sub-system.

If the OI is a BRCB client, it is MANDATORY to:
 Set OI treatment on for Unknown to No archive, no logging. Refer to OI/EN AP, section “Profile OI-
specific attributes”.
If the GTW is a BRCB client, it is MANDATORY to:
 Leave the attribute timestamped 'unknown' for SCADA set to No. Refer to GTW/EN AP, section
“Configuring the Gateway”.
 Set the register key “maintenance_if_dcnx_ethernet” (Refer to GTW/EN MF, chapter “Loss of
communication” for information on the resulting behaviour) according to the situation:
 1 if the Gateway is in a redundancy architecture
 0 if the Gateway is not redunded
If a buffer overflow should occur (refer to C26x/EN FT), a system SPS would be raised upon reconnection. In
a redundant architecture, there are two SPS to identify which C26x buffer has overflowed, and therefore
which sub-system has been disconnected:
 for the OI: Buff Ov OI and Buff Ov OI Bck

 for the Gateway: Buff Ov Gtw and Buff Ov GtwBck

3.5.1.3 GOOSE-BASED MODE

A BI (SPS or DPS) can be configured to be transmitted in GOOSE mode. In this mode, the state change is
multicasted to the configured subscribers. Only the BI's unfiltered states are transmitted, the time stamp and
the reason for change are not.
Because of the GOOSE format, not all BI resulting states given below can be transmitted. The following
mapping is therefore applied:
BI Resulting State GOOSE value
RESET, FORCED RESET, SUBSTITUTED RESET, CLOSE, FORCED CLOSE, SUBSTITUTED
01
CLOSE
SET, FORCED SET, SUBSTITUTED SET, OPEN, FORCED OPEN, SUBSTITUTED OPEN 10
JAMMED 00
UNDEFINED, TOGGLING, SELFCHECK FAULTY, SUPPRESSED, UNKNOWN 11
A measurement or an LSP can also be configured to be transmitted in GOOSE mode (refer to chapter
C26x/EN FT).
3.5.2 DEFINING THE ADDRESS MAP OF A STATION-BUS NETWORK

An IEC 61850-8-1 mapping is an aggregation of logical units, composed of bricks. Generally, a brick
corresponds to an electrical device or function. It provides its real-time data (status, measurements, and
controls …) and some configuration aspects. To do that, a brick groups data by categories (Status,
Measurements, Control, Configuration), called functional components.
A functional component groups data objects. A data object must be seen as a real-time equivalent of a DS
Agile datapoint. Therefore, when a DS Agile sub-system (IEC 61850-8-1 client) needs the real-time value of
a datapoint managed by another sub-system (IEC 61850-8-1 server), the latter transmits the information via
a data object of its own IEC 61850-8-1 mapping. At SCE data modeling level, IEC 61850-8-1 clients must
indicate which IEC 61850-8-1 servers they retrieve information from (see section 3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to
other station-bus sub-systems).
Generally, an IEC 61850-8-1 data object has a stereotype, called common class. The structures of these
objects are known by all DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1-communicating sub-systems. For Alstom’s DS Agile sub-
systems, the number and structure of common classes are fixed. They are the terminal description of
IEC 61850-8-1 DS Agile data modeling.
In the IEC 61850-8-1 mapping of any DS Agile sub-system, there is a native logical device LD0 with fixed
and hard-coded bricks (DBID, LLN0, LPHD).
When creating a DS Agile C26x at SCE level, an IEC 61850-8-1 mapping with an LD0 and its default bricks
is also created. LD0 is a system logical device that groups all system diagnostics and controls relevant to the
C26x. Datapoints addressed in the LD0 brick are only relevant to system topology.
Extra logical units can be created in the IEC 61850-8-1 mapping of a C26x. Generally, there is one logical
device for each bay managed by the C26x, and, in each logical device, there is one brick for each module or
built-in function.

3.5.2.1 SBUS AUTOMATIC ADDRESSING

The “SBUS automatic addressing” function is based on the substation electrical topology and in particular on
bays. The easiest way to add application logical units relevant to the electrical bay(s) managed by a C26x, or
a DS Agile Gateway, is to run the SBUS automatic addressing function for the C26x or Gateway. The
contextual menu of the C26x is used to launch this function:
SBUS Automatic Addressing does not process datapoints managed by non-DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1 devices
(e.g. protection IEDs), since their address map is imported from the import datalist in their IEC 61850-8-1
configuration file.
As of version 5.0.5 of the DS Agile System, SBUS Automatic Addressing is incremental: The addresses of
non-spared, unmodified datapoints with existing valid addresses (for instance, in case of version upgrade or
system extension) are left unchanged and unused addresses are assigned to as yet unaddressed datapoints
and datapoints with invalid addresses if there are any. By allowing existing datapoints to keep their
IEC 61850-8-1 addresses when new datapoints are added (and addressed), this evolution can be especially
useful where an existing system is being expanded or to integrate non-DS Agile devices.
Note:
Only non-spared datapoints are taken into account in automatic addressing. If a formerly spared datapoint is
"unspared", repeat the automatic addressing process.

Some datapoints are out of the scope of automatic addressing. Theses datapoints are identified by their data
model mnemonic and short name:
Parent object Excluded datapoints
mnemonic name
SynCheck_Close_DPC Sync CB close
SynCheck_Close_SPC Sync CB close
Select_SPC Selection SPC
Switch_SPC_PhA Switch phA SPC
Switch_SPC_PhB Switch phB SPC
Switch_SPC_PhC Switch phC SPC
Circuit Breaker module SwitchPos_PhA (DPS) Switch PhA pos.
SwitchPos_PhB (DPS) Switch PhB pos.
SwitchPos_PhC (DPS) Switch PhC pos.
SwitchPos_SPS_PhA Switch PhA pos. SPS
SwitchPos_SPS_PhB Switch PhB pos. SPS
SwitchPos_SPS_PhC Switch PhB pos. SPS
SwitchPos (DPS) Switchgear pos.
SwitchPos_SPS Switchgear pos.
PhaseNotTogether_SPS Ph not together
External automatic CS_CtrlOnOff_DPC on/off ctrl DPC
synchrocheck built-in function CS_CtrlOnOff_SPC on/off ctrl SPC
XX_thresholdY_trip XX tY trip
With: XX = function number examples: 46 t1 trip
Y = threshold number 67 t3 trip
XX_thresholdY_inst_dir_rev XX tY in di rev
Relay [XX] function With: XX = function number examples: 67 t1 in dir rev
Y = threshold number 67 t3 in dir rev
XX_thresholdY_interlock XX tY interlock
With: XX = function number example:
Y = threshold number 67 t1 interlock
Relay [automatism] start_disturbance start dist ctrl
Relay [49] function 49_trip_th_overload 49 trip th over.
 Some of the measurements computed by a TMU210 are out of the scope of automatic addressing if
the measurement type (measure type attribute of the relation is computed by linked to the related
MV) is one of the following states:
 mod Vo (ADC)
 mod I1 (ADC)
 mod I2 (ADC)
 mod V1 (ADC)
 mod V2 (ADC)
 thermal status

Note:
Datapoints excluded from automatic addressing can be addressed manually by adding and configuring the relation has
for IEC address.
3.5.2.2 MANUALLY UPDATING A C26X UNIT’S IEC 61850-8-1 MAPPING

For a DS Agile C26x, the fixed part is composed of an LD0 folder containing:
 a C26xDIAG diagnostic brick

 a DBID (DataBase IDentity) brick used for C26x database identification and management
 an LLN0 brick
 an LPHD brick
When adding the IECxLD brick, it can be supplemented with RDRE (if the C26x manages its own
disturbance recording file) and C26xDIAG1.

 For each IED connected to a DS Agile C26x via an IED legacy network, an implicit IEDDIAG
(diagnostic for the IED) brick exists, and an extra RDRE brick (for disturbance information) can be
added.
Be careful, when creating an IED on a C26x legacy network, its IEDDIAG brick name must be updated
in order to avoid creating double values for bricks.
 For each SCADA network connected to a C26x, an implicit TCIDIAG (diagnostic for the SCADA
network) brick exists.
Be careful, when creating a SCADA network on a C26x, its TCIDIAG brick name must be updated in
order to avoid creating double values for bricks.
Objects description:
 C26xDIAG brick:
Object name CDC Description Comment
Mod INC Operating Mode (status only) Mandatory
stVal =0= non-synchronized
SyncSt SPS Device Synchronization status
stVal =1= synchronized


AllTMUSt SPS All boards (TMU2xx) synthetic status
AllCCUSt SPS All boards (CCU2xx) synthetic status
AllDIUSt SPS All boards (DIU2xx) synthetic status
AllDOUSt SPS All boards (DOU20x) synthetic status
AllAIUSt SPS All boards (AIU2xx) synthetic status
AllAOUSt SPS All boards (AOU20x) synthetic status
AllCOMMSt SPS All rack synthetic status
AllIEDSt SPS All IED synthetic status
stVal =0= OK
stVal =1= self-check failure
GHUSt INS (INS8_ST) Local HMI (GHU200) Status stVal =2= configured but missing
stVal =3= not configured but present
stVal =4 = missing
BIUSt INS (INS8_ST) BIU240 status Idem GHUSt
CCUSt<15> INS (INS8_ST) I/O board (CCU20x) status Idem GHUSt
DIStop SPS Digital input acquisition stopped
DIUSt<15> INS (INS8_ST) DI board (DIU20x) status Idem GHUSt
DOUSt<15> INS (INS8_ST) DO board (DOU20x) status Idem GHUSt
AIUSt<6> INS (INS8_ST) AI board (AIU200) status Idem GHUSt
AOUSt<4> INS (INS8_ST) AO board (AOU) status Idem GHUSt
TMUSt INS (INS8_ST) CT/VT board (TMU) status Idem GHUSt
stVal = 0 => OK
PrintSt INS (INS8_ST) Printer Status
stVal = 1 => communication loss
stVal = 0 => StandBy
RedSt SPS Redundancy Mode
stVal = 1 => Active
FailSt INS (INS8_ST) Failure Status
PLCSt INS (INS8_ST) PLC Status
Basic report control block for C26xDiag
urcbST URCB Unbuffered
status
 C26xEDIAG brick for extension C26x units:

Mod INC Operating Mode (status only) Mandatory
stVal =0= OK
stVal =1= self-check failure
INS
BIUSt BIU 240 status stVal =2= configured but missing
(INS8_ST)
stVal =3= not configured but present
stVal =4 = missing
CCUSt<15> INS (INS8_ST) I/O board (CCU 20x) status Idem GHUSt
DIStop SPS Digital input acquisition stopped
DIUSt<15> INS (INS8_ST) DI board (DIU 20x) status Idem GHUSt
DOUSt<15> INS (INS8_ST) DO board (DOU 20x) status Idem GHUSt
AIUSt<6> INS (INS8_ST) AI board (AIU 200) status Idem GHUSt
AOUSt<4> INS (INS8_ST) AO board (AOU) status Idem GHUSt


TMUSt INS (INS8_ST) CT/VT board (TMU 200) status Not managed.
Communication status with the extension stVal = 0 => failure
CommIRSt SPS
rack stVal = 1 => OK
PLCSt INS (INS8_ST) PLC Status
urcbST URCB Basic report control block for status Unbuffered
 LLN0:
Mod INC Device Mode (status only) Mandatory
Beh INS Behaviour Mandatory
Health INS Health Mandatory
NamPlt LPL Name plate Mandatory
. brcbST BRCB Buffer report control block for all status of LD Buffered
3.5.2.3 MANUALLY CREATING AN APPLICATION LOGICAL DEVICE

Real-time data exchange between DS Agile sub-systems is required for many purposes:
 At DS Agile OI level:
 System and electrical process supervision and control (mimic animation, control popup),
 Alarm management (generation, viewing, acknowledgement, clearing …),
 Logging (Sequence of event, log book),
 Event and value archiving (curve viewing, event analysis).
 At DS Agile SMT level:

 System management (database loading and switching, device mode supervision and control)
 Waveform file storing.
 At DS Agile C26x level:

 Sharing datapoints for automation and built-in functions,
 Feeding acquired data to the OI to ensure system functionality,
 Feeding acquired data to the DS Agile Gateway to exchange data between the DS Agile system
and the SCADA,
 Responding to system specific needs (command uniqueness).
 At DS Agile Gateway level:

 Sharing datapoints for automation and built-in functions,
 Exchange data between DS Agile system and SCADA.
To ensure real-time data exchange on the station-bus, specific logical units (called here application logical
units) must be created in the IEC 61850-8-1 mapping of the DS Agile sub-system that is server of the
exchanged data (for client/server definition, see section 3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to other station-bus sub-
systems). The DS Agile C26x is the only DS Agile sub-system that allows user-defined application logical
units.

The general philosophy to manually create application logical units is:
 one application logical device per bay managed by a DS Agile C26x, DS Agile Gateway or non-DS
Agile IEC 61850-8-1-compatible IED
 in each application logical device, one brick per module or function contained in the bay
 for each brick, one data object per datapoint contained in the module/function that needs to be
exchanged on the station-bus. In a brick, data object are grouped by functional component. Datapoint
addressing on station-bus network is done by linking a datapoint to the relevant IEC 61850-8-1 data
object. The available associations between datapoint types and IEC 61850-8-1 data object types are
listed in this table:
Type of datapoint Type of IEC 61850-8-1 data object
Relation: has for IEC61850 address (->)
SPS SI
DPS SIT
MPS SIG
MV AI, WYE phase or DELTA phase, ISI
Counter ACCI
SPC BO
DPC DCO
SetPoint AO
Manual creation of an application Logical Device

To manually create an application logical device:
 Select the IEC 61850-8-1 mapping level and add an IECxLD from the contextual Objects entry
window.
 Update its IEC name attribute (1) (it must be unique for a given IEC 61850-8-1 mapping).
Figure 44: Adding an application logical device
(1)
Figure 45: Updating the IEC 61850-8-1 name of an application logical device
Naming rule
IEC name is a free label of up to 32 characters, made with the following characters: 0-9, a-z, A-Z. It can not
begin with a digit.

 The name of each Logical Device defined under the IEC 61850-8-1/IEC mapping must be unique
within the mapping.
 If the Logical Device is a generic one, its name must not contain the sub-string "LD0" (reserved for
system Logical Units).
Manual creation of an IEC 61850-8-1 Logical Node
To manually create an IEC 61850-8-1 LN:
 Select the IEC 61850-8-1 logical device level and add a GenLNxx from the contextual Objects entry
window at; do not use an RDRE brick reserved for non-DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1 IEDs.
 Update its IEC name attribute (1) (it must be unique for a given IEC 61850-8-1 logical device).
Figure 46: Adding an IEC 61850-8-1 Logical Node
(1)
Figure 47: Updating the IEC 61850-8-1 name of a brick
Naming rule
‘IEC name’ is a name made with 3 parts:
 optional wrapper (up to 6 characters), it cannot begin with a digit,

 standard brick name (4 upper case characters),
 optional index (1 character).
Each part can contain the following characters: 0-9, a-z, A-Z.
 The name of each Brick defined under a Logical Device must be unique within the Logical Device.

Manual creation of an IEC 61850-8-1 functional component

To manually create an IEC 61850-8-1 functional component, select the DS Agile C26x IEC 61850-8-1 brick
level and add a specific functional component from the contextual Objects entry window. The useable
functional components for the DS Agile C26x are:
 ST to group statuses (SI, SIT, SIG)

 CO to group controls
 MX to group measurements (MV)
 SV to group substituted values (FSS indication)
 CF to group configuration information relevant to CO or SP data objects
Figure 48: Adding an IEC 61850-8-1 functional component
Manual creation of an IEC 61850-8-1 data object

To manually create an IEC 61850-8-1 data object:
 Select the IEC 61850-8-1 functional component leve and add a specific data object from the
contextual Objects entry window. Each type of functional component has its own list of available data
objects. The following table shows the different lists useful for the DS Agile C26x IEC 61850-8-1
mapping:
Functional component Available data object
ACDxST
ACDxSTPhs
ACTxST
ACTxSTPhs
BCRxST
BCSxST
BCSxORxST
DPCxST
DPCxORxST
ST
DPSxST
INC8xST
INCxST
INCxORIGxST
INS8xST
INSxST
SPCxORxST
SPCxST
SPSxST
APCxMX
APCxORxMX
CMVxMX
MX
DELxMX
MVxMX
WYExMX

Functional component Available data object

APCxDir
APCxSBOxS
BSCxDir
CO BSCxSBOxS
INCxDir
SPCDPCxDir
SPCDPCxSBO
BSCxSV
CMVxSV
DELxSV
SPCxSV
DPSxSV
SV
INSxSV
MVxSV
SPCxSV
SPSxSV
WYExSV
APCxCF
BCRxCF
BSCxCF
DELxCF
CF DirectxCF
DPCxCF
MVxCF
SPCxCF
WYExCF
 Update its IEC 61850-8-1 name attribute (1) that must be unique for a given IEC 61850-8-1 functional
component.
Figure 49: Adding an IEC 61850-8-1 data object
(1)
Figure 50: Updating the IEC name of a data object

Naming rule
IEC name is a free name of up to 9 characters, made with the following characters: 0-9, a-z, A-Z. It cannot
begin with a digit.
 The name of each Data Object defined under a Functional Component (CO) must be unique within the
Functional Component.
 The maximum count of Data Objects is 50 for the following DS Agile C26x unit's Functional
Component types: CO, MX and ST.
3.5.2.4 AUTOMATICALLY CREATING AN APPLICATION LOGICAL DEVICE USING SBUS

AUTOMATIC ADDRESSING
The IEC 61850-8-1 automatic addressing function is based on the substation electrical topology and in
particular on bays. For details on how to configure this topology, see section 5 Defining a C26x configuration
in the electrical hierarchy).
The easiest way to create application logical units relevant to the electrical bays managed by a DS Agile
C26x is to use the IEC 61850-8-1 automatic addressing function. To do so, right-click the C26x icon and
select SBUS Automatic Addressing (1).
IEC 61850-8-1 automatic addressing for any given DS Agile C26x is applicable only to the bays and ATCC
function that it manages, i.e. whose relations is managed by have been linked to the DS Agile C26x. Thus,
if IEC 61850-8-1 addresses are required for non-ATCC datapoints with a higher level than bay (substation,
site or voltage levels), the application logical units must be created manually (see section 3.5.2.3 Manually
creating an application logical device).
The IEC 61850-8-1 automatic addressing procedure includes GOOSE addressing: GOOSE bit-pair buffers
states are sequentially filled with automation datapoints exchanged between servers. With regards to
GOOSE manual addressing, the corresponding result of GOOSE automatic addressing is to set the
datapoint to Manual attachment, i.e. as a User status bit-pair, thus preserving this association through any
new automatic addressing processes.
The size limit of the buffers makes it necessary to establish priority levels for GOOSE addressing: Existing
“Manual attachments” (operator’s manual selections and previous GOOSE addressing results) are taken into
account first and left unchanged, then fast automation datapoints are processed and finally slow automation
datapoints. Any valid pre-existing attachments are left unchanged. A GOOSE buffer overflow event is
signaled and stops the process of GOOSE addressing. For details about Goose modeling / configuration
see below.

(1)
Figure 51: IEC 61850-8-1 automatic addressing
3.5.2.5 MANUALLY CONFIGURING GOOSE

GOOSE is a means given by IEC 61850-8-1 protocol to send and take into account faster the changes of
binary states. That is very useful for time-critical fast automation or interlocking. In a given IEC 61850-8-1
mapping, only its ST / MX data objects may be goosed (in addition to the LSPs used for fast load shedding).
Goose is attached to and managed by the IEC 61850-8-1 server of the goosed data objects.
Goose configuration is done at the data object level using specific attributes:
 Goose transmission (Auto) (Yes / No): indicates whether the data object is transmitted in a Goose
message and automatically addressed or not (this flag, raised to Yes by the SBUS automatic
addressing process, can be changed back afterwards).
 Goose transmission (Manu) (Yes / No): specifies whether the mapping is done manually or not:
(1)
Figure 52: Manually configuring GOOSE
3.5.2.6 MANUALLY RANKING GOOSE

In addition to these two Goose transmission attributes, the Goose rank is used to manually modify the
position of Data Object in the Goose messages.

Figure 53: GOOSE rank
Note:
If a Goose datapoint with an IEC 61850-8-1 address is deleted or removed from a GOOSE, it is possible to replace that
datapoint with a virtual GOOSE datapoint of the same type (SPS, DPS, etc...) and same GOOSE rank in order to
maintain the system's compatibility with third party devices.
Suppose you have generated the database 1.0 for IED1 only. After adding IED2, you generate a version 1.1.
SBUS IEC61850
IED1:
Regular text:
<DATASET> Content of the At IED configuration time
<FCDA è SPS1.stVal> GOOSE ST - import the C264 SCL file
<FCDA è SPS1.q> message broadcast - assign
over IEC61850 with Index1 to SPS1.stVal 1
C264 database 1.0 Index3 to SPS1.stVal 3
<FCDA è SPS3.stVal>
<FCDA è SPS3.q> IED1 uses Index 1 & Index
3 as inputs to one of the
PSLs
SPS1 SPS3
sent as sent as
GOOSE GOOSE
to IED1 to IED1
SPS1, SPS2 and SPS3 configured in

database version 1.0 but only SPS1
and SPS3 are sent by GOOSE to
IED1 in database version 1.0.
C1011ENb
Figure 54: GOOSE rank possible problem
To resolve the conflict, change the position of SPS1.stVal3.

The aim is to have goose messages from C26x with new DataObject (DtObj) at the end of the messages to
keep the rank of the other DtObjs inside the goose messages.
The attribute is set to 0 by default. This value indicates that the position is undefined. You can modify this
attribute to the desired rank.
When the SCE auto-addresses all subsystems, these events occur for each DtObj:
 The defined 'goose rank' is not updated if the DtObj is still 'transmitted by goose' (that is either ‘goose
transmission’ attribute is set to Yes),
 The undefined 'goose rank' is ranked after the last used rank for the whole IEC 61850-8-1 mapping,
 The defined 'goose rank' is reset with an undefined value (0) if the DtObj is NOT 'transmitted by
goose'.
If gaps show in the goose ranking, the pop-up message shows:
In this event, do a check of the configuration and fix it manually (see the SCE/EN MF chapter)
Note:
The SBUS Automatic addressing function displays a dialog box that can be used to re-address the goose links of some
data objects that have been removed.

You can check the box ‘reset of goose rank' to forcefully reset ALL of the Goose ranks of IEC 61850-8-1
mapping at the current level in the treelike structure: they are reset with an undefined value (as they are not
goosed anymore) & all the remaining goose ranks are re-computed in a new order.
Typical update cycle of data objects:
3.5.3 ADDRESSING A DATAPOINT ON THE STATION-BUS NETWORK

For details about datapoints, see section 4 Defining a datapoint.
To exchange datapoint values between station-bus sub-systems, datapoints should be linked to specific
IEC 61850-8-1 data objects. There are 2 ways to resolve this link:
 Doing a manual addressing, by adding at datapoint level the relation has for IEC61850 address (1)
and filling it with the corresponding IEC 61850-8-1 data object in a pre-configured IEC 61850-8-1
address mapping:
(1)
Figure 55: Manual IEC61850 addressing of a datapoint (example for a Bay SPS datapoint)
 Using the automatic SBUS addressing function available at SCE level (see section 3.5.2.1 SBUS
automatic addressing), which performs:
 automatic IEC 61850-8-1 mapping creation at DS Agile C26x level,
 automatic linking between data objects in this IEC 61850-8-1 mapping and datapoints managed by
the DS Agile C26x.

3.6 NETWORKING IEDS ON A C26X’S LEGACY NETWORK
3.6.1 CREATING A LEGACY NETWORK OF IEDS

Generally, specific units called protection relays or IEDs are used to protect electrical modules and bays. A
legacy network managed by a C26x can connect these IEDs to the DS Agile system.
In the SCE data model, up to four IED legacy networks (associated with specific protocols) can be placed
under a DS Agile C26x unit. Each IED legacy network must be linked to a communication port on a C26x
board. Up to sixteen IEDs can be added under each legacy network.
3.6.1.1 ADDING A LEGACY NETWORK

To create a legacy network under a C26x:
 Select the C26x level and add a legacy network, associated with the corresponding protocol, from the
contextual Objects entry window.
 Update the legacy network attributes relevant to its protocol characteristics.

 Update its has for main comm. port relation and the communication port characteristics (see section
3.3.5 Configuring a communication channel).
Figure 56: Adding a legacy network
3.6.1.2 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A LEGACY NETWORK

Regardless of the type of legacy network, its short name and long name attributes must be set in order to
ensure correct logging and alarm discrimination of the status datapoints for the IEDs connected to the legacy
network.
Figure 57: General attributes of a legacy network

3.6.1.3 SETTING THE ACQUISITION ATTRIBUTES OF A T103 LEGACY NETWORK

When adding a T103 legacy network, set the following attributes (they will be used for all its IEDs):
(1) number of retries (range [1, 10]): number of retries of the same frame without IED response that the
C26x will send before declaring the IED as disconnected.
(2) acknowledgement time-out (range [100 ms, 30 s], step 100 ms): maximum waiting time for an IED
answer to a C26x's information request.
(3) synchronization cycle (range [10 s, 655350 s]): time synchronization period of the IED by the C26x.
(4) downgraded cycle (range [1 s, 10 s], step 100 ms): time interval at which the C26x regularly tries to
re-connect to an IED after it has declared it as disconnected.
(5) inter frame duration (range [1, 50], step 1): this attribute represents the minimum time, expressed in
number of characters, that must exist between two frames.
Figure 58: Setting the Acquisition attributes of a T103 legacy network
3.6.1.4 SETTING THE ACQUISITION ATTRIBUTES OF A T101 LEGACY NETWORK

When adding a T101 legacy network, set the following attributes (they will be used for all its IEDs):
(1) number of retries (range [1, 10]): number of retries of the same frame without IED response that the
C26x will send before declaring the IED as disconnected
(2) station address size (range [1 byte, 2 bytes]): length of the IED addresses
(3) ASDU address size (range [1 byte, 2 bytes]): length of the ASDU
(4) info address size (range [1 byte, 3 bytes]): length of the information addresses
(5) transmission cause size (range [1 byte, 2 bytes]): length of the transmission cause
(6) frame length (range [64 bytes, 255 bytes]): if an IED cannot manage frames with a length above 255,
the frame length attribute must be set to the length manageable by the IED
answer to a C26x's information request
(8) synchronization cycle (range [10 s, 655350 s], step 10 s): time synchronization period of the IED by
the C26x
re-connect to an IED after it has declared it as disconnected
(10) Type of link (Balanced / Unbalanced): In an unbalanced link, only the master (here the C26x)
interrogates the IED. In a balanced link, the IED can also interrogate the master (here the C26x)
without solicitation.
(11) test frame time-out (range [1 s, 255 s], step 1 s): in the case of a ‘balanced link’ (see attribute Type
of link), a life message (test frame) is transmitted periodically between C26x and IED. This attribute
corresponds to the maximum time allowed to receive this life message, from the C26x’s point of view.
If no life message is received within this time, the IED is declared disconnected.
(12) inter frame duration (range [1, 50 ], step 1): this attribute represents the minimum time, expressed
in number of characters, that must exist between two frames

Figure 59: Setting the Acquisition attributes of a T101 legacy network
Warning:
add SCADA addresses, otherwise, LED12 does not work correctly
3.6.1.5 SETTING THE ACQUISITION ATTRIBUTES OF A MODBUS LEGACY NETWORK

When adding a Modbus legacy network, set the following attributes (they will be used for all its IEDs):
(1) number of retries (range [1, 10], step 1): number of retries of the same frame without IED response
that the C26x will send before declaring the IED as disconnected
(2) acknowledgement time-out (range [100 ms, 30 s], step 100 ms): waiting time for an IED answer to a
C26x's information request
(3) synchronisation (none / ALSTOM / SEPAM / Flexgate): refer to C26x/EN CT and the reference
document of the connected IED
the C26x. Only significant if the attribute synchronisation is set to ‘ALSTOM’, 'Flexgate' or to
'SEPAM'. To keep a Px4x synchronized, the C26x must send the frame at least every 5 minutes;
therefore the value must be lower than 30 in that case.
number of characters, that must exist between two frames
Figure 60: Setting the Acquisition attributes of a Modbus legacy network

3.6.1.6 SETTING THE ACQUISITION ATTRIBUTES OF A DNP3 LEGACY NETWORK

When adding a DNP3 legacy network, set the following attributes (they will be used for all its IEDs):
(1) master address: C26x address on the DNP3 legacy network
answer to a C26x's information request
(3) number of retries (range [1, 10], step 1): corresponds to the number of tries of the same frame
without IED response, C26x sends it before setting it disconnected
(4) application time-out (range [0 s, 255 s], step 1 s): time-out used by the C26x, at application layer of
DNP3 protocol
(5) class 0 polling period (range [0 s, 3600 s], step 1 s): transmission interval of the general
interrogation message. If this attribute is set to 0, no general interrogation message is transmitted
the C26x
number of characters, that must exist between two frames
Figure 61: Setting the Acquisition attributes of a DNP3 legacy network
3.6.1.7 ADDING AN IED TO A LEGACY NETWORK

To create an IED on a legacy network:
1 Select the Legacy networks level and add an IED from the contextual Objects entry window.
2 Update the IED attributes relevant to its protocol characteristics
3 For DNP3, T103, or Modbus IEDs, update the has for acquisition profile relation with a previously
created IED acquisition type

Figure 62: Adding an IED to a legacy network
Figure 63: Linking an IED acquisition profile to an IED
3.6.1.8 SETTING THE ATTRIBUTES OF A LEGACY IED

Whatever the type of IED, the following attributes must be updated:
(1) short name and long name: used for correct logging and alarm discrimination concerning IED status
datapoint.
(2) network address of the IED on the legacy network (4-byte address).
(3) automatic disturbance (No / Yes): unavailable for DNP3 IED.
(4) localisation for disturbance file: non-significant for DNP3 IED, used by the SMT to name the
uploaded file on the OWS hard disk: <localisation>_N#.

Figure 64: Setting the general attributes of a legacy IED
 The settings for the network address and short name attributes of each IED must be unique within a
Legacy Network.
3.6.1.9 ADDING AN IED ACQUISITION TYPE TO A LEGACY NETWORK

Common acquisition and communication characteristics are shared by IEDs. These characteristics are
grouped in an object called IED acquisition type, similar to an acquisition profile. It is available for the
DNP3, T103 and Modbus protocols.
To create an IED acquisition type on a legacy network:
1 Select the Legacy networks level and add an IED acquisition from the contextual Objects entry
windows.
2 Update the IED acquisition type attributes relevant to its protocol characteristics.
Figure 65: Adding an IED acquisition type to a legacy network (example for DNP3)
 For each C26x and all its Legacy Networks, the maximum number of "xxx acq type" components is 10.
3.6.1.10 SETTING THE ATTRIBUTES OF A T103 ACQUISITION TYPE
When adding a T103 acquisition type, set the following attributes (they will be used for all its associated
IEDs):
(1) IED type (T103 standard IED / (Schneider) Px3x Series / (Schneider) Px2x Series / REG-D / Tapcon
240)
(2) function type (range [0, 255]: function type number used for acquisition: see IED documentation to
correctly set this attribute

(3) general interrogation period (range [0, 24 h], step 1 s): cycle used to regularly retrieve states and
measurements from IED and to avoid losing event information
(4) MV reduction coefficient (1.2 / 2.4): used for scaling (ASDU 3 usage): refer to T103 documentation
for details about this scaling
(5) Four sets of three nominal values (voltage, current and frequency) used for scaling. Refer to
International Standard IEC 60870-5-103 for details about this scaling.
Figure 66: Setting the attributes of a T103 acquisition type
3.6.1.11 SETTING THE ATTRIBUTES OF A MODBUS ACQUISITION TYPE

When adding a Modbus acquisition type, the following attributes, available for all its linked IEDs, must be
updated:
(1) IED type:
 Modicon to use the generic Modbus communications (refer to C26x/EN CT)
 M300, Px2x series, MiCOM Alstom S40 (MiCOM Modbus communications)
 M230, Wago, Rish Pro M10, ABB Flexgate, SEPAM (specific Modbus communications)
(2) MODBUS function (1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 7 / 8): function number used for the polling frame: When testing the
IED connection, this attribute indicates which Modbus function is used. For Alstom IEDs, the function 7
is generally used.
(3) mapping address (range [0, 232-1]): associated with attribute (2), it indicates which start address is
used to test the IED connection
 if MODBUS function is set to 1 or 2 this attribute defines a bit address
 if MODBUS function is set to 3 or 4 this attribute defines a word address
 if MODBUS function is set to 7 this attribute is not significant
 if MODBUS function is set to 8 this attribute defines a sub-code
(4) size to read (range [0, 2048]: associated with attribute (3), it indicates which length of frame is used to
test the IED connection.

 if MODBUS function is set to 1 or 2 this attribute defines a number of bits

 if MODBUS function is set to 3 or 4 this attribute defines a number of words
 if MODBUS function is set to 7 or 8 this attribute is not significant
(5) data frame length (range [2 bytes, 256 bytes]): if an IED cannot manage frames longer than 256
bytes, this attribute must be set to the length manageable by the IED.
Figure 67: Setting the attributes of a Modbus acquisition type
3.6.1.12 SETTING THE ATTRIBUTES OF A DNP3 ACQUISITION TYPE

When adding a DNP3 acquisition type, some attributes available for all its linked IEDs must be updated:
(1) global class usage (No / Yes): used for addressing. Not yet implemented. Always considered as ‘yes’
at C26x level.
(2) synchronisation type (Network synchronisation / External synchronisation): in case of network’
synchronization, C26x synchronizes the time of the IED, otherwise the synchronization is assumed
independently by an external equipment directly connected to the IED. Not yet implemented. Always
considered as ‘Network synchronisation’ at C26x level.
(3) CROB parameters (Usage of 'code' field / Usage of 'Trip/Close' field / Usage of 'code' and 'trip/close'
fields):
Figure 68: Setting the attributes of a DNP3 acquisition type

3.6.1.13 ADDING SERIAL TUNNELING

The following figures show how to add serial tunneling to a C26x.
 Select the C26x level and add Serial Tunneling from the contextual Objects entry window.
 Update the corresponding attributes.
Figure 69: Adding serial tunneling
 Update its has for main comm. port relation and the communication port characteristics:
Figure 70: Adding a serial port to serial tunneling

3.6.2 DEFINING THE ADDRESS MAP OF A LEGACY IED

To transmit information between IEDs and the DS Agile system, an IED legacy network connected to a DS
Agile C26x is used.
In order for information to be exchanged between a legacy IED and the DS Agile system, each relevant data
must have a specific address on the legacy network that must be compliant with its protocol. General
modeling of legacy network address mapping can be done. At SCE level, an IED of a legacy network owns
an “IED mapping” object, that is split in categories of mapping on a per datapoint type basis. In each
category of mapping, elementary IED addresses can be created. For information on datapoints, see section
4 Defining a datapoint. This mapping is implicitly created when an IED is added at the legacy network level.
It is not possible to address an MPS datapoint on a legacy IED.
Figure 71: Address mapping structure for a legacy IED (example for T101 IED)
For details about address mapping of a given IED on a specific protocol, refer to the protection IED
documentation.
In the IED Mapping, the address identification of each "xxx addr. on IED" must be unique.
 DNP3: The address identifier is given by the attribute "address" of "xxx addr. on IED".
 MODBUS: The address identifier is made of the following combination of its attribute values:
 {mapping address , function}
 T103: The address identifier is made of either of the following combinations of its attribute values:
 {ASDU number, function type, information number, common address of ASDU}
 {ASDU number , function type , information number}
 T101: The address identifier is made of the following combination of its attribute values:
 {information object address}

There are two ways to map the datapoints:
 Set the attributes of the subnodes of the various IED xxx Mapping folders
 To save time, especially after a file import from MS Excel, use in the Wiring editor's smart table, linking
the individual tables to the hierarchy
3.6.2.1 SMART TABLE

Select a node <protocol name>_IED in the browser as shown in the screenshot below.
Figure 72: Wiring editor selection
Select Wiring editor in the Window menu. If it is grayed out, click the Wiring button in the lower area. If that
button is not present, click the button Reset perspective in the toolbar. The window Wiring: … is
displayed. It allows to enter all datapoint addresses for the IED mapping. The datapoints are tabbed by type;
there are 5 types:
 xPS for SPS / DPS addresses

 xPC for SPC / DPC addresses
 MV for measurement addresses
 SetPoint for SetPoint addresses
 Counter for Counter addresses

Each tab contains a table featuring:
 on the left hand side (white background), the variants (pictogram) and the attributes needed for
address uniqueness (they depend on the protocol, see sections 3.6.2.2 to 3.6.2.8); copy/paste is
enabled
 in the middle, other attributes (Contact, Label); copy/paste is enabled
 on the right hand side (blue background), other attributes (path, short name, meaning, profile,
long name)
To adjust a column width, move the cursor over the border in the header until the cursor becomes ; then
"drag and drop".
If the table is empty, click Insert in the upper left corner; this creates a row with Addr at 0.
To populate the table with default values, select one or several contiguous rows, then:
 click Insert; this adds as many rows below with the same Addr; this copies the DEFAULT values as
Address attributes and duplicates the path
Note: The Label field is automatically filled in various ways; in the picture, the first created row is in blue
1: no row selection (click the sub-header to deselect): the rows pile up; the last characters are replaced by
digits and incremented
2: the row is selected: the Label last character is incremented if it is a digit, replaced with * if it is a letter
Procedure to fill in the blue part:
 Click in a cell to fill in

 Type one character or click two more times; click the bottom arrow button v overlaid at the right of
the cell and select one value in the drop-down list (it contains all the created datapoint values); 
refers to a void value; the type can be changed in this manner.

 To check the address uniqueness, click Validate in the upper left corner:
 The errored lines turn red and a red pictogram is displayed in the first column
 If there are errors, the tab tag becomes red and indicates the number of errored lines. To display a
tooltip, move the cursor over a red line:
Possible errors:
 An address is not unique in the mapping

 A datapoint has more than one acquisition source
 An address is 0 (invalid)
 The Contact attribute for a DPS/DPC address does not have the correct value. If one DPS/DPC uses
2 addresses, the Contact value must be Open for one address and Close for the other.
Only the address attributes can be edited in errored lines.
The tag tab becomes green again when all the errors have been corrected.

 To delete a set of addresses in contiguous rows, click on the first column and drag to select the rows,
right click and select Suppress address.
 To sort the rows alphabetically/numerically, click on any column sub-header once (ascending order,
symbol 1 after the column label) or twice (descending order, symbol 1)
 To export the table into a spreadsheet editor such as Excel, select the rows and copy/paste them; the
empty cells are filled with the word ‘null’ (for the headers, use the menu item Copy columns header)
 To import a table from a spreadsheet editor such as Excel, select and copy the rows in the editor;
select a row in the table, right click and select Insert & paste. Restrictions: the source must be free of
any information in the blue part, otherwise a message like this pops up:
with three items:

 Error(s): a diagnostic on the possibility of pasting
 Context: the path of the selected IED
 Clipboard content: the values copied from the contiguous columns separated with a semi-colon (an
empty cell produces ‘null’)
 Click the button x in the upper right corner: When you resume the procedure, the entered values are
retrieved.

The smart table is flexible and allows a variety of time-saving operations:

3.6.2.1.1 Insert a new address in the address map
Click the button + Insert to insert a new line in the address map:
 If no lines are selected, a new address of the default type is created.

 If one or several lines are selected, the same number of lines of the same types are added to the map
and the address information is duplicated as much as possible.
For example, if a DPS address is selected at the time you click + Insert, this will add a DPS address with
the same Address attribute values. For the Datapoint part, only the path is duplicated from the selected
lines.
3.6.2.1.2 Edit an existing address in the address map

To set the address of a datapoint in the IED table follow this two steps:
 Select a path

 Select a Short name
3.6.2.1.3 Change the datapoint type of an address

If an address is not used by a datapoint it’s possible to change the type of the address, for example user can
transform SPS address into a DPS address by changing its datapoint type icon at the beginning of the line.
In the example below, SPS address 2/1/1 can be transformed into a DPS or MPS address:
The other values of the address are not updated, only the datapoint type of the address is changed.
3.6.2.1.4 Copy / Insert and Paste
It is possible to insert copied rows into the IED table.
Copy of rows
To copy one or several selected address rows, right-click the left-hand side cell of one of them. Select Copy.
The copied rows are stored in the operating system's clipboard. They can then be pasted into an external
spreadsheet editor (such as MS Excel). Any empty cells will be filled with the word “null”.
Excel offers more cell manipulation features than the SCE smart table editor: cells can be more easily
copied, modified or moved around; formulas may be used, etc. However, always make sure that the format
remains compatible and to type the word "null" into any empty cells before copy-pasting back into the SCE
smart table.

Insert and Paste rows

Assuming the clipboard contains well formed data (such as rows directly copied from the SCE smart table),
select the row after which the copied rows must be inserted. Right-click the left-hand side cell of that row.
Select Insert & paste.
After a paste operation, any unused datapoints and/or addresses are kept and it is up to the user to manually
update or remove them.
The behaviour of a row insertion into the IED table is based on the key (address + datapoint) present in that
row:
 If the key already exists in the table, the existing address is moved to its new insertion point. Some
attributes of the associated address and datapoint may be updated using attribute values from the
clipboard if they are different from the original's.
 If the address already exists in the table, but the datapoint does not, a new row is inserted in the table
for the address and datapoint from the clipboard, with their clipboard attribute values. The already
existing address is set to its default value and its associated datapoint is kept.
 If the datapoint already exists in the table, but the address does not, a new row is inserted in the table
for the address and datapoint from the clipboard, with their clipboard attribute values. The already
existing address row is kept, but without datapoint.
 If the address of a datapoint is assigned another datapoint, the previous datapoint is kept with a
default address, but the other address attributes remain unchanged.
 If neither the address nor the datapoint already exist in the table, a new row is inserted in the table for
the address and datapoint from the clipboard, with their clipboard attribute values.
When inserting and pasting from clipboard, the user may refer to datapoints that no longer exist in the
database. In that case, they are automatically created upon insertion.
The insert and paste operation is disabled for template instances or cloned IEDs.
Possible errors on Insert & Paste operations
The error mechanism is the same as for the other mapping tables.
General errors:
 The clipboard structure is invalid

Address errors:
 The address type is invalid

 The address for 'xxx address on IED' is not unique in the address map
 Updating mapping address attributes is not permitted
 The map address is an instance/clone of a template, but the mapped object is not

Datapoint errors:
 Creation of an invalid type of datapoint

 It is impossible to create a datapoint under the path object
 The path is invalid for this mapping
 The datapoint mapping relations do not comply with the relations from the clipboard
 The datapoint has several acquisition sources
 The contact value is not permitted for a double addressing
 The datapoint profile is a read-only attribute
 The datapoint mapping relations are read-only
3.6.2.1.5 Copy/Paste datapoint information
It is not possible to copy datapoint information cells only in the IED table. Only entire rows can be copied.
Copy action
By row selection, user can copy one or more datapoint information. The result of the copy is stored in the
system clipboard that can be pasted into an external editor (like Excel). In this clipboard, empty cells are
filled with keyword “null”.
Excel offers more cell manipulation features than the SCE smart table editor: cells can be more easily
copied, modified or moved around; formulas may be used, etc. However, always make sure that the format
remains compatible and to type the word "null" into any empty cells before copy-pasting back into the SCE
smart table.
Paste datapoint information cells
Assuming the clipboard contains well formed data (such as rows directly copied from the SCE smart table),
select the row after which the copied rows must be inserted. Right-click the left-hand side cell of that row.
Select Paste datapoint infos.
The copy-paste operation is disabled for template instances or cloned IEDs.
3.6.2.1.6 Copy/Paste of cells
The copy operation is available for all the cells in the table, but not all of them can be pasted INTO: Pasting
is possible only into Type and Label cells in the Address part and into Path and Profile cells in the
Datapoint part.
3.6.2.1.7 Deleting a set of IED addresses
By selecting a set of rows, the user can delete one or more addresses via the contextual menu, using the
command Suppress address.

3.6.2.2 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR AN SPS DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to an SPS datapoint, select the IED SPS mapping level and add the address from
the contextual Objects entry window.
Figure 73: Adding a legacy IED SPS address (example for a T101 IED)
Once added, the IED SPS address attributes must be set:

(1) short name: used for internal SCE identification
For DNP3 protocol:
(2) address (range [0, 65535], step 1).
For Modbus protocol:
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): word address or bit address depending on the function
(4) bit number (range [0, 65535], step 1): used only if read word or read status is selected
(5) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): number of the Modbus function used to read the SPS:
- 1, 2 : read bit,
- 3, 4 : read word,
- 7 : read status
(6) event - slave number (range [-1, 99], step 1), -1 = not used
(7) event - channel number (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
(8) event - event number 'Change 0 to 1' (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
(9) event - event number ' Change 1 to 0' (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
For T101 protocol:
(10) information object address (range [0, 16777215], step 1).
(11) common address of ASDU (range [-1, 65535], step 1): by default (–1) is the IED address (see
section 3.6.1.8 Setting the attributes of a legacy IED).
For T103 protocol:
(12) ASDU number (range [0, 65535], step 1):
- 1, 2 (for all IEDs)
- 65,66,67,68 (Only for Schneider Px3x)

(13) function type (range [0, 65535], step 1).

(14) information number (range [0, 65535], step 1).
section 3.6.1.8 Setting the attributes of a legacy IED.).
DNP3
(1)
(2)
Modbus
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
T101
(10)
(11)
T103
(12)
(13)
(18)
(15)
Figure 74: Defining a legacy IED address for an SPS datapoint

3.6.2.3 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR A DPS DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to a DPS datapoint, select the IED DPS mapping level and add the address from the
Figure 75: Adding a legacy IED DPS address (example for a T101 IED)
Once added, IED DPS address attributes must be set:

(1) short name of the address: used for internal SCE identification
For DNP3 protocol:
(2) address (range [0, 65535], step 1)
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): Word address or Bit address depending on the function
(4) bit number (range [0, 65535], step 1): Used only if read word or read status is used
(5) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): Modbus function to use to read the DPS:
- 1, 2 : read bit
- 3, 4 : read word
- 7 : read status
(6) event - slave number (range [-1, 99], step 1), -1 = not used
(7) event - channel number (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
(8) event - event number 'Open(10)' (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
(9) event - event number 'Close(01)' (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
(10) event - event number 'Start Moving(11)' (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
(11) event - event number 'Get error status (11)' (range [-1, 999], step 1), -1 = not used
For T101 protocol:
(12) information object address (range [0, 16777215], step 1)
(13) common address of ASDU (range [-1, 65535], step 1): by default (-1) is the IED address (see
section 3.6.1.8 Setting the attributes of a legacy IED)
For T103 protocol:
- 1, 2 (for all IEDs)
- 65,66,67,68 (Only for Schneider Px3x)
(15) function type (range [0, 65535], step 1): refer to IED documentation
(16) information number (range [0, 65535], step 1): refer to IED documentation

(17) common address of ASDU (range [-1, 65535], step 1): by default (-1) is the IED address (see
section 3.6.1.8 Setting the attributes of a legacy IED)
For all protocols:
The acquisition of the DPS on the IED can also be done via two different addresses. In that case, two DPS
address on IED fields must be created for this DPS. For each of them, the attribute contact identifier (18)
must be set to ‘Open’ or ‘Closed’, to indicate which state of the DPS is assigned to the IED address. If the
DPS state is given by only one IED address, set contact identifier to ‘unused’.
(1)
(2)
(18)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(18)
(12)
(13)
(18)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
Figure 76: Defining a legacy IED address for a DPS datapoint

3.6.2.4 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR AN MV DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to an MV datapoint, select the IED MV mapping level and add the address from the
Once added, the IED MV address attributes must be set:
For DNP3 protocol:
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): Word address
(4) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): Modbus function to use to read the MV:
- 3, 4 : read word
- 7 : read status
(5) data format: see section 3.6.2.4.1 Measurement formats that can be used with the MODBUS
protocol.
For T101 protocol:
section 3.6.1.8 Setting the attributes of a legacy IED).
For T103 protocol:
 3, 4, 9 (for all IEDs)
 10 (for acquisition of measurement with "generic Services"
 77 (Only for Schneider Px2x)
 73 (Only for Schneider Px3x)
(9) function type (range [0, 65535], step 1)
(10) information number (range [0, 65535], step 1)
(11) index in the ASDU (range [0, 65535], step 1)
(12) common address of ASDU (range [-1, 65535], step 1): by default (–1) is the IED address
(13) unit of the MEAS (Voltage / Current / Power / Frequency / No Unit)
(14) substituted if unknown (No / Yes)
For this protocol it is possible to perform acquisition of measurements only using the Generic Services of IEC
60870-5-103 protocol by polling. This can be done by setting some parameters as follows:
 ASDU number: 21
 function type: 254
 information number: 244
 index in the ASDU: Generic Identification Number given by the mapping of the IED

DNP3
(1)
(2)
Modbus
(3)
(4)
(5)
T101
(6)
(7)
(8)
T103
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
Figure 77: Defining a legacy IED address for an MV datapoint
3.6.2.4.1 Measurement formats that can be used with the MODBUS protocol
Because the Modbus standard only describes the transmission of 16-bit values (transmission of the high
order byte first), other formats must be defined to describe the different ways to transmit 32-bit values
(whatever their type: signed or unsigned integers, real values) or 8-bit values.
Thus the format to apply to an analog input depends on the way it is transmitted and consequently on the
representation of the value in the memory of the device.
In the following table, the “transmission order” column (4) indicates the way a value is transmitted, i.e. the
order in which the bytes of the value are transmitted. The bytes are numbered from 1 (lowest order byte) to 4
(highest order byte).

Format Description Transmission order

Transmission of an 8-bit signed integer in a 16-bit value.
INT8_LB /
The significant byte is the low order byte of the word.
Transmission of an 8-bit signed integer in a 16-bit value.
INT8_HB /
The significant byte is the high order byte of the word.
Transmission of an 8-bit unsigned integer in a 16-bit value.
UINT8_LB /
The significant byte is the low order byte of the word.
Transmission of an 8-bit unsigned integer in a 16-bit value.
UINT8_HB /
The significant byte is the high order byte of the word.
Transmission of a 16-bit signed integer.
INT16 2-1
The high order byte is transmitted first (see Modbus standard)
Transmission of a 16-bit unsigned integer.
UINT16 2-1
The high order byte is transmitted first (see Modbus standard)
INT32_LW_LB The low order word of the long value is transmitted first. 1-2-3-4
The low order byte of each word is transmitted first.
INT32_LW_HB The low order word of the long value is transmitted first. 2-1-4-3
The high order byte of each word is transmitted first.
INT32_HW_LB The high word of the long value is transmitted first. 3-4-1-2
The low byte of each word is transmitted first.
INT32_HW_HB The high order word of the long value is transmitted first. 4-3-2-1
UINT32_LW_LB The low order word of the long value is transmitted first. 1-2-3-4
UINT32_LW_HB The low order word of the long value is transmitted first. 2-1-4-3
UINT32_HW_LB The high order word of the long value is transmitted first. 3-4-1-2
UINT32_HW_HB The high order word of the long value is transmitted first. 4-3-2-1
Transmission of a 32-bit real value. The low order word is transmitted first.
REAL32_LW_LB 1-2-3-4
Transmission of a 32-bit real value.
REAL32_LW_HB The low order word is transmitted first. 2-1-4-3
REAL32_HW_LB The high order word is transmitted first. 3-4-1-2
REAL32_HW_HB The high order word is transmitted first. 4-3-2-1
Transmission of a 32-bit value: Unsigned Measurement
M230_T5_TYPE Bit 31 to 24: decimal exponent (signed 8 bytes) 4-3-2-1
Bit 23…00: binary unsigned value 24 bytes
Transmission of a 32-bit value: Signed Measure
M230_T6_TYPE Bit 31 to 24: decimal exponent (signed 8 bytes) 4-3-2-1
Bit 23…00: binary signed value 24 bytes

Format Description Transmission order

Transmission of a 32-bit value: power factor
Bit 31 to 24 Signed: Import / Export (00/FF)
M230_T7_TYPE 4-3-2-1
Bit 23…16 Signed: Inductive / capacitive (00/FF)
Bit 15…00 Unsigned value (16 bytes)
Transmission of a 32-bit value: ION Energy values
ION_MODULUS_ Bit 31 to 16: High reg: HR = unsigned value/10000
4-3-2-1
10000_unsigned Bit 15…00: Low reg : LR = unsigned value modulus 10000
Value = RH*10000+LR
Transmission of a 32-bit value: ION Energy values
ION_MODULUS_ Bit 31 to 16: reg High: RH= signed value/10000
4-3-2-1
10000_signed Bit 15…00: reg Low: RL = signed value modulus 10000
Value = RH*10000+RL; Both high and low reg are signed
3.6.2.5 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR A COUNTER DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to a Counter datapoint, select the IED Counter mapping level and add the address
from the contextual Objects entry window.
Figure 78: Adding a legacy IED counter address (example for a T101 IED)
Once added, an IED Counter address attributes must be set at SCE level:
For DNP3 protocol:
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): word address
(4) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): Modbus function used to read the MV:
- 3, 4: read word
(5) data format: similar to MV
For T101 protocol:
(7) common address of ASDU (range [-1, 65535], step 1): by default (-1) is the IED address
(8) output format (REAL32 (IEE754) / Normalized / Adjusted)
For T103 protocol:
(9) ASDU number (range [0, 65535], step 1)

(10) function type (range [0, 65535], step 1)

(11) information number (range [0, 65535], step 1)
(12) index in the ASDU (range [0, 65535], step 1)
(13) common address of ASDU (range [-1, 65535], step 1)
DNP3
(1)
(2)
Modbus
(3)
(4)
(5)
T101
(6)
(7)
(8)
T103
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
Figure 79: Defining a legacy IED address for a Counter datapoint

3.6.2.6 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR AN SPC DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to an SPC datapoint, select the IED SPC mapping level and add the address from
Figure 80: Adding a legacy ied SPC address (example for a DNP3 IED)
Once added, the IED SPC address attributes must be set:

For DNP3 protocol:
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): Bit address for function 5 or 15, Word address for
function 6
(4) bit number (range [0, 65535], step 1): Used only if Function 6 is used (see function attribute)
(5) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): Modbus function to use to send the SPC:
- 5: write 1 bit (mapping address is the address of the bit)
- 6: write 1 word (mapping address is the address of the word, bit number is the position of the
bit in the word)
- 15: write N bits (used to set only 1 bit at a time, mapping address is the address of the bit)
For T101 protocol:
For T103 protocol:
- 20 (for all IEDs)
- 45,46 (Only for Px3x)
For all protocols:
(11) order type (SBO / Direct execute)

DNP3
(1)
(2)
(11)
Modbus
(3)
(4)
(5)
(11)
T101
(6)
(7)
(11)
T103
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
Figure 81: Defining a legacy IED address for an SPC datapoint

3.6.2.7 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR A DPC DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to a DPC datapoint, select the IED DPC mapping level and add the address from the
Figure 82: Adding a legacy IED DPC address (example for a T101 IED)
Once added, the IED DPC address attributes must be set:

For DNP3 protocol:
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): Bit address for function 5 or 15, Word address for
function 6
(4) bit number (range [0, 65535], step 1): used only if Function 6 is used (see function attribute)
(5) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): Modbus function to use to send the DPC:
- 5: write 1 bit (mapping address is the address of the bit)
- 6: write 1 word (mapping address is the address of the word, bit number is the
position of the bit in the word)
- 15: write N bits (used to set only 1 bit at a time, mapping address is the address of the bit)
For T101 protocol:
For T103 protocol:
- 20 (for all IED)
- 45,46 (Only for Schneider Px3x)
For all protocols:
(12) contact type (open / close / unused): For all protocol types, DPC control on an IED can also be
done via two different addresses. In that case, two DPC address on IED must be created for that
DPC. For each of them, this attribute must be set to ‘Open’ or ‘Close’, to indicate which order of the

DPC is concerned by the IED address. If the DPC control is given by only one IED address, set
contact type to ‘unused’.
DNP3
(1)
(2)
(11)
(12)
Modbus
(3)
(4)
(5)
(11)
(12)
T101
(6)
(7)
(11)
(12)
T103
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
Figure 83: Defining a legacy IED address for a DPC datapoint

3.6.2.8 DEFINING A LEGACY IED ADDRESS FOR A SETPOINT DATAPOINT

To add an IED address to a SetPoint datapoint, select the IED SetPoint mapping level and add the address
from the contextual Objects entry window.
Figure 84: Adding a legacy IED SetPoint address (example for a DNP3 IED)
Once added, IED SetPoint address attributes must be set at SCE level:
For DNP3 protocol:
Note: SetPoint addresses on Modbus are only available for WAGO IEDs, for which the output format is fixed to
UINT15 (unsigned integer, only 15 out of 16 bits are used). The IED type must be set to WAGO.
(3) mapping address (range [0, 65535], step 1): Word address for function 6
(4) function (range [0, 65535], step 1): Modbus function to use to send the SetPoint:
- 6: write 1 word (mapping address is the address of the word, bit number is the
position of the bit in the word)
For T101 protocol:
(6) output format (REAL32 (IEEE 754) / Normalized / Scaled)
For T103 protocol:
(7) SetPoint address on T103 is only available for REGD IEDs, for which the output format is
configurable
(8) ASDU number (range [0, 65535], step 1): refer to IED documentation
(11) output format (INT8 / UINT8 / INT16 / UNIT16 / REAL32 (IEEE754))
For all protocols:

(13)-(14) The values of a SetPoint control on an IED must be checked and scaled according to the output
format, before transmission. This is done via two extra attributes minimal value (13) and maximal value
(14).
DNP3
(1)
(2)
(12)
(13)
(14)
Modbus
(3)
(4)
(12)
(13)
(14)
T101
(5)
(12)
(6)
(13)
(14)
T103
(8)
(9)
(10)
(12)
(11)
(13)
(14)
Figure 85: Defining a legacy IED address for a SetPoint datapoint

3.6.3 ADDRESSING A DATAPOINT ON AN IED LEGACY NETWORK

Protocol
DP type Identifier DNP3 Modbus T103 T101
Mapping
basic address default address ASDU number Not used
address
extra address #1 default Not used Not used function type Not used
Information object
extra address #2 default Not used function information number
Counter address
common address of
extra address #3 default Not used Not used index in the ASDU
ASDU
common address of
extra address #4 default Not used Not used Not used
ASDU
Mapping
basic address address ASDU number Not used
address
extra address #1 default Not used bit number function type Not used
xPC Information object
address
common address of
extra address #3 default Not used Not used Not used
ASDU
Mapping
address
xPS Information object
address
common address of common address of
extra address #3 default Not used Not used
ASDU ASDU
Mapping
address
extra address #1 default Not used Not used function type Not used
Information object
MV extra address #2 default Not used function information number
address
extra address #3 default Not used Not used index in the ASDU Not used
ASDU ASDU
Mapping
address
Set point Information object
address
ASDU ASDU

3.7 NETWORKING A SCADA ON A C26X SCADA NETWORK
3.7.1 CREATING A SCADA NETWORK

An electrical substation can be supervised and controlled from many points inside the substation via DS
Agile operator interfaces (Substation Control Point or SCP) and/or DS Agile C26x bay panels (Bay Control
Point or BCP), and outside the substation. Generally, the distant control of the substation (Remote Control
Point or RCP) is done via a specific network called SCADA legacy network.
Several SCADA legacy networks can be connected to a DS Agile system, via DS Agile C26x or DS Agile
remote control gateway sub-systems. SCADA legacy networks are managed as master by the distant
SCADA and can be redunded for safety reasons. A DS Agile C26x can manage up to two SCADA networks.
At SCE data modeling level, only SCADA legacy networks and their protocol are modeled and connected to
gateway sub-systems. Each SCADA network has to be linked to a main communication port and an optional
auxiliary communication port in case of redundancy.
3.7.1.1 ADDING A SCADA NETWORK

To create a SCADA network on a C26x:
 Add a SCADA network from the Objects entry window associated with the C26x level.
 Update the SCADA network attributes relevant to its protocol characteristics (see section 3.7.2
Defining the address map of a SCADA network).
 If the SCADA does not use the substation network to communicate with the C26x, update its has for
main communication port relation and the communication port characteristics.
 For DNP3 and T101 protocols on serial lines, SCADA links can be redundant. To create a redundant
SCADA link, add the extra relation has for auxiliary communication port (2) to the C26x SCADA
network and fill it in with the relevant serial port.
 A C26x can manage up to two T104 SCADA clients. These two clients have separate configurations
but may have the same data. On the SCADA port, up to four front ends can be defined, corresponding
to one active port and three backup ports. Thus, up to four IP addresses will be defined during the
configuration of each T104 client (attribute (13) in section 3.7.1.7 Setting specific attributes of a T104
SCADA network). If both clients are communicating with the C26x, they must manage their own
redundancy to ensure command consistency.
Figure 86: Adding a SCADA network

Figure 87: redundant SCADA link
3.7.1.2 COMPONENTS OF A SCADA NETWORK

When a SCADA network is added, the following sub-tree is automatically created with implicit components
and optional components that can be added from the contextual Objects entry window:
Figure 88: Optional and default components of a SCADA network
 Folder System infos: contains SPS system datapoints relevant to the communications channel with
the SCADA. Two datapoints are implicitely added along with the SCADA network:
 Redundancy SPS: communications port redundancy status
 SCADA SPS com.: state of the communication link between the C26x and the SCADA
An additional 3 SPS datapoints can be added from the contextual Objects entry window:
 Aux. Link Fail (T101 only): SET when the redundant SCADA link is lost, whether this is due to
equipment failure or to a C26x reboot. This signal is sent to the SCADA over the main link.
 Main Link Fail (T101 only): SET when the main SCADA link is lost, whether this is due to
equipment failure or to a C26x reboot. This signal is sent to the SCADA over the auxiliary link.
 SCADA Request (T101/T104 only): SET while a request is being received from the SCADA
 Mapping Gtw SCADA Map.: set of datapoints sent to the SCADA. Their definition is described in
section 3.7.2.8 Defining a SCADA address for a SetPoint datapoint.
 Relation has for main comm.port : <Communication channel>: double-click this relation to display
the Relation link editor window and select the appropriate communications port on the C26x.

A second relation, has for aux. comm. port : Communication channel, is available for use with a
redundant SCADA link: double-click this relation to display the Relation link editor window and select
the appropriate communications port on the C26x.
3.7.1.3 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A SCADA NETWORK

Regardless of the type of SCADA network, its short name and long name attributes must be set in
accordance with each connected SCADA network in order to ensure correct logging and alarm discrimination
of the status datapoints managed by the C26x. Then the supported protocol (2) must be selected (T101 in
the example given hereafter). The contents of the SCADA attributes tab-panes (Protocol, SOE and
Disturbance) depend on the selected protocol.
Figure 89: Setting the general attributes of a SCADA network
3.7.1.4 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A T101 SCADA NETWORK

When adding a T101 SCADA network its general attributes must be set:
(1) redundancy type (Active line after GI received / Active line after Reset Line received / Active line on
traffic)
(2) time reference (UTC / local)
(3) NUC compliance (No / Yes): Compliance with the Norvegian IEC 870-5-101 User Conventions
3.7.1.5 SETTING THE SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTES OF A T101 SCADA NETWORK

When adding a T101 SCADA network, the following attributes, available for this protocol, must be set
(Protocol and SOE tab-panes):
(1) link address length (1 byte / 2 bytes)
(2) link address (range [1, 65534], step 1)
(3) ASDU common address length (1 byte / 2 bytes)
(4) ASDU common address (range [1, 65534], step 1)
(5) address structure (Address on 8 bits (1 byte) / Address on 16 bits (2 bytes) / Address on 8 bits.8 bits
/ Address on 8 bits.16 bits / Address on 16 bits.8 bits / Address on 8 bits. 8 bits. 8 Bits / Address on 24
bits (3 bytes))
(6) frame max length (range [1, 255], step 1)
(7) cause of transmission length (Address on 8 bits / Address on 16 bits)
(8) MV periodic cycle (range [0 s, 65534 s], step 1 s)
(9) binary time size (CP24Time2A (3 bytes) / CP56Time2A (7 bytes))
(10) background scan cycle (s) (range [0 s, 65535 s], step 1 s)
(11) Type of link (unbalanced / balanced)
(12) test link period (s) (range [1 s, 65535 s], step 1 s)
(13) SBO time-out (range [0 s, 65535 s], step 1 s)

(14) inter frame duration (range [1, 50], step 1): this attribute represents the minimum time, expressed
(15) quality value for 'Jammed' state (Valid / Invalid)
(16) quality value for 'Undefined' state (Valid / Invalid)
(17) quality value for toggling xPS (BL only (blocked) / IV only (invalid))
(18) quality value for 'unknown' state (Not topical only / Not topical and IV (invalid))
(19) SOE file support (No / Yes)
(20) SOE file address: this attribute is visible and significant only if the attribute SOE file support is set
to Yes
(21) SOE file format (T101 / S900): this attribute is visible and significant only if the attribute SOE file
support is set to Yes
(22) SOE file nb of events (range [0, 1000], step 1): this attribute is visible and significant only if the
attribute SOE file support is set to Yes
(23) 'full' SOE file nb of events (range [0, 1000], step 1): file message sent to SCADA (this attribute is
visible and significant only if the attribute SOE file support is set to Yes)
Tab-pane Disturbance: the addresses of the IED disturbance files are defined in this tab-pane
Figure 90: Setting the protocol and SOE/disturbance recording attributes of a T101 SCADA network

The following constraints between the attributes must be respected:
"SOE file nb of events" > "'full' SOE file nb of events".
Note: For several T101/T104 SCADA links, refer also to the C26x attribute Arbitration support

Tab-pane Buffer overflow:
(1) Buffer overflow support: activates the SPS Buffer overflow

(2) Buffer overflow address: defines the SPS Buffer overflow address in Scada
(3) Buffer overflow empty condition: defines the way the 1000-event buffer is managed:
 Without emptying: the buffer is circular; when it is full, the “Last in” event replaces the “First in”
event. The buffer is never flushed.
 FIFO full / SCADA (re)connection: when the buffer is full, the overflow indication is recorded and
new events are not recorded in the buffer. At SCADA reconnection:
 the buffer overflow information is sent to the SCADA
 the buffer is flushed without any event transfer to the SCADA
 FIFO full only: when the buffer is full, the overflow indication is recorded and new events are not
recorded in the buffer. At SCADA reconnection:
 all the events recorded are sent to the SCADA
 the buffer is flushed
3.7.1.6 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A DNP3 SCADA NETWORK

In the following figure the selected protocol for the SCADA link is ‘DNP3’ (1).
When setting a DNP3 SCADA network, some specific attributes, available for the protocol, must be updated
(Protocol tab-pane):
(1) TCP/IP usage (No / Yes): set to Yes if the substation network is used by the DNP3 SCADA to
communicate with the C26x
(2) Link address (1..65534)
(3) SPS/DPS class (1 / 2 / 3)
(4) MV class (1 / 2 / 3)
(5) Counter (1 / 2 / 3)

(6) MV format (32 bits / 16 bits)

(7) static MV (without flag / with flag)
(8) event MV (without time / with time)
(9) counter format (32 bits / 16 bits)
(10) static counter (without flag / with flag)
(11) event counter (without time / with time)
(12) SBO time-out: maximum time between select order and execute order
(13) inter frame duration (range [1 , 50 ], step 1): this attribute represents the minimum time, expressed
(14) spontaneous message enable (No / Yes): this attribute defines if the unsolicited mode is allowed or
not for the protocol. If this attribute is set to No there is possibility to allowed it from the SCADA. If this
attribute is set to Yes the C26x can send unsolicited messages as soon as the SCADA is initialized.
Furthermore the SCADA may disable or enable this unsolicited mode.
(15) spontaneous message class (none / class 1 / class 2 / class 1 & 2 / class 3 / class 1 & 3 / class 2 &
3 / class 1 & 2 & 3): This attribute is only significant if the previous attribute is set to Yes. This attribute
defines which class(es) is (are) concerned by this unsolicited mode.
(16) on-line bit management (unknown forced to 1: mode = 1 which is backward compatible, unknown
forced to 0: mode = 2, which is NOT backward compatible)
Setting SOE information SOE tab-panes, for DNP3 SCADA network is not significant (not implemented).
Figure 92: Setting the protocol attributes of a DNP3 SCADA network

3.7.1.7 SETTING SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTES OF A T104 SCADA NETWORK

In the following figure the selected protocol for the SCADA link is ‘T104’ and the selected time reference is
UTC.
When setting a T104 SCADA network, some attributes specific to the protocol must be updated (Protocol
and SOE tab-panes):
(1) ASDU common address (range [1, 65534], step 1)
(2) address structure (Address on 8 bits.16 bits / Address on 16 bits.8 bits /
Address on 8 bits.8bits.8bits / Address on 24 bits (3 bytes)):
(3) frame max length (range [1, 255], step 1)
(4) MV periodic cycle (range [0 s, 65534 s], step 1 s)
(5) binary time size (CP24Time2A (3 bytes) / CP56Time2A (7 bytes))
(6) background scan cycle (range [0 s, 65535 s], step 1 s)
(7) T1: APDU time-out (range [1 s, 255 s], step 1 s)
(8) T2: acknowledgement time-out (range [1 s, 255 s], step 1 s)
(9) T3: test frame time-out (range [1 s, 255 s], step 1 s)
(10) K: sent unack. frames (APDU) (range [1, 255], step 1)
(11) W: ack. received frames (APDU) (range [1, 255], step 1)
(12) max command delay (range [0 s, 32767 s], step 1 s)
(13) socket IP #i (i  [1, 4])
(14) SBO time-out (range [0 s, 65535 s], step 1 s)
(15) validity for 'Jammed' state (Valid / Invalid)
(16) Switchover (Automatic switchover / Manual switchover)
(17) SOE file support (No / Yes)
(18) SOE file address (this attribute is visible and significant only if attribute SOE file support is set to
Yes)
(19) SOE file format (T101 / S900) (this attribute is visible and significant only if attribute SOE file
support is set to Yes)
(20) SOE file nb of events (range [0, 1000], step 1) (this attribute is visible and significant only if attribute
SOE file support is set to Yes)
(21) 'full' SOE file nb of events (range [0, 1000], step 1) file message sent to SCADA (this attribute is
visible and significant only if attribute SOE file support is set to Yes)
 The following constraints between the attributes must be respected :

SOE file nb of events > 'full' SOE file nb of events

T2 < T1
T3 > T1
WK
Figure 94: Setting the specific attributes of a T104 SCADA network
Tab-pane Disturbance: the IED disturbances files addresses are defined.

Tab-pane Buffer overflow:
 Buffer overflow support: activates the SPS Buffer overflow

 Buffer overflow address: defines the SPS Buffer overflow address in Scada
 Buffer overflow empty condition: defines the way the buffer is managed:
 Without emptying: the buffer is circular; when it is full, the “Last in” event replaces the “First in”
event. The buffer is never flushed.
 FIFO full / SCADA (re)connection: when the buffer is full, the overflow indication is recorded; new
events are not recorded in the buffer. At SCADA reconnection:

 the buffer is flushed without any event transfer to the SCADA

 FIFO full only: when the buffer is full, the overflow indication is recorded and new events are not
recorded in the buffer. At SCADA reconnection:
 all the events recorded are sent to the SCADA
 the buffer is flushed
3.7.1.8 SETTING SPECIFIC ATTRIBUTES OF A MODBUS SCADA NETWORK

In the following figure the selected protocol for the SCADA link is ‘Modbus’.
Figure 95: Setting the protocol type of a SCADA network
When setting a MODBUS SCADA network, some attributes specific to the protocol must be updated
(Protocol tab-pane):
(1) TCP/IP usage (No / Yes): no choice for Modbus: SET IT TO ‘No’.
(2) link address.
number of characters, that must exist between two frames.
For a MODBUS SCADA network, the SOE tab-panes attributes are not significant (not implemented).
Figure 96: Setting the protocol attributes of a Modbus SCADA network
3.7.2 DEFINING THE ADDRESS MAP OF A SCADA NETWORK

To transmit information between DS Agile system and SCADA, a SCADA legacy network is used. To receive
or send information between legacy IED and DS Agile system, each concerned data must have a specific
address on the legacy network relatively to its protocol. General modeling of SCADA legacy network address
mapping can be done.
At SCE level, a SCADA legacy network owns a “Gtw SCADA mapping” object, that is split into categories of
mapping on a per datapoint type basis. In each category of mapping, elementary SCADA addresses can be
created. For details about datapoint, see section 4 Defining a datapoint. This mapping is implicitly created
during IED adding at legacy network level.

Warning:
Addressing an MPS datapoint on a SCADA network is not possible.
Figure 97: Structure of the address map of a SCADA network
There are two ways to map the datapoints:
 Select the attributes of the subnodes of the various Gtw xxx Mapping folders
 To go faster (or import a file from Excel), use a smart table, linked to the individual tables (see sections
3.7.2.2, 3.7.2.4, and 3.7.2.5 for details on attributes)
 In the SCADA Mapping, the address identification of each "Gtw xxx addr." must be unique. In the
particular cases of T101 and T104 protocols, the uniqueness constraint is applicable only for
addresses of the same type. Addresses of different types can have identical addresses and therefore
this does not lead to an error but to a warning.
 On a DNP3 protocol, a "Gtw MV addr.", which is the SCADA address of a "Tap pos ind" datapoint,
must have its "Format" attribute set to the "Natural" value.
3.7.2.1 SMART TABLE

When a SCADA network is selected in the browser, an extra item is present in the contextual menu: “Edit
Scada mapping”. When selected, a window appears. It allows to enter all datapoint addresses for the
SCADA mapping. The datapoints are tabbed by type; 5 types exist:
 xPS for SPS / DPS addresses

 xPC for SPC / DPC addresses
 MV for measurement addresses
 SetPoint for SetPoint addresses
 Counter for Counter addresses

Each tab presents a table featuring:
 in the left part (white background), the predefined list of datapoints

 in the right part (blue background), empty cells for addresses, labels and protocol-dependent attributes
The white part indicates for each datapoint of the type:
 Variants (pictogram)
 Path (read only)
 Short name (read only)
 Long name (editable, copy/paste enabled)
To adjust a column width, pass the cursor over the border in the header till the cursor turns to ; then drag
and drop.
Procedure to fill the blue part:
 Click in an address cell

 Enter the address
 Click another cell to change the selection; the other cells in the row are automatically filled with default
values (an address which contains letters is corrected to 255)
 Click two times a cell in the column Label and edit the text
 Click three times a cell in a column different than Addr or Label; click the button v and select one
value in the drop-down list
 Select a cell or several contiguous cells with at least one Addr cell; copy, select target, paste the label
is recomputed; if the Addr is void, 255 is pasted
 To check the address uniqueness, click button Validate in upper left corner:
 the wrong lines turn red and show a red pictogram in the first column
 the tab tag turns red (resp. green) if it contains errors (resp. it is error-free); to display a tooltip, pass
the mouse over a red line:
Possible errors:
 Address is not unique in the mapping
 Address is not associated with a datapoint (delete the address)
 Address value doesn’t respect the predefined format
 Datapoint is not visible by the SCADA equipment
 To delete a set of addresses in contiguous rows, click in the first or Addr column and drag to select
the rows, right click and click Suppress address

 To sort out the rows alphabetically/numerically/hierarchically in decreasing order, click each column
header several times till the arrow  shows after the column label
 To filter the rows according to a column field, click v and select one value in the combo list; as a
result, a funnel shows before the column label. To suppress the filter, select the value (All).
For the path column, the sub-nodes of the selected nodes are displayed as well.
If the desired value is not in the list, stop the cursor on any value and type in the value (in red):

 Click the button Close; when you resume the procedure, click v in the Addr header and select
Defined address to retrieve the entered values
3.7.2.2 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR AN SPS DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to an SPS datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the SCADA
SPS mapping level:
Figure 98: Adding a SCADA SPS address
Once added, SCADA SPS address attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name of the address used for internal SCE identification.
For T101/T104 protocol:
(2) object address
(3) Event (No / Yes with time tag / Yes without time tag): when set to ‘Yes with time tag’, indicates that
change of state of the datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time tag
(4) Event record (Does not involved in a transfer of file / Create a RECORD EVENT if there is not it
current / Add to the current record EVENT / Create a RECORD EVENT and adds to the current record
EVENT): when set to a value different from ‘Does not involved in a transfer of file’, indicates if change
of state of the datapoint must be saved in Sequence of Event file. At C26x level, values different from
‘Does not involved in a transfer of file’ are associated with the same treatment, because only one SOE
file is managed by C26x. The set of available values is maintained for compatibility with DS Agile
gateway addressing in a DS Agile gateway
(5) Inversion (No / Yes): Indicates that the datapoint value needs to be inverted before transmission
(6) Background scan (No / Yes): indicates if the datapoint belongs to the background scan cycle
(7) Group ([0..16)] / 0=no group): indicates to which “T101/T104 General Interrogation group” the
datapoint is assigned. 0 means ‘no group’ assignation
For DNP3 protocol:
(8) object address - index

(9) Event (No / Yes with time tag): when set to ‘Yes with time tag’, indicates if change of state of the
datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag
(10) Inversion (No / Yes): indicates that the datapoint value needs to be inverted before transmission
(11) object address – register
T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
DNP3
(8)
(9)
(10)
Modbus
(11)
Figure 99: Defining a SCADA address for an SPS datapoint

3.7.2.3 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR A DPS DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to a DPS datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the SCADA
DPS mapping level:
Figure 100: Adding a SCADA DPS address
Once added, SCADA DPS address attributes must be set at SCE level:
(2) Event (No / Yes with time tag / Yes without time tag): when set to ‘Yes with time tag’, indicates if
change of state of the datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag
(3) Event record (Does not involved in a transfer of file / Create a RECORD EVENT if there is not it
current / Add to the current record EVENT / Create a RECORD EVENT and adds to the current record
EVENT): when set to a value different from ‘Not involved in a transfer of file’, indicates if change of
state of the datapoint must be saved in Sequence of Event file. At C26x level, values different from
‘Not involved in a transfer of file’ are associated with the same treatment, because only one SOE file is
managed by C26x. The set of available values is maintained for compatibility with DS Agile gateway
addressing in a DS Agile gateway.
(5) Background scan: (No / Yes): indicates if the datapoint belongs to the background scan cycle.
(6) Group (0..16): indicates to which “T101/T104 General Interrogation group” the datapoint is assigned.
0 means ‘no group’ assignation
(7) object address (index)
For DNP3 protocol:
(8) Event (No / Yes with time tag): when set to ‘Yes with time tag’, indicates if change of state of the
datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag
(10) object address - index
(11) double address usage (No / Yes): only available for Modbus SCADA protocol. If set to Yes, DPS is
transmitted to SCADA via two distinct SCADA address, one for the open state, the other one for the
close state
(12) object address - register: used if Double address usage is set to No

(13) open state address: used if Double address usage is set to Yes. This attribute defines the SCADA
address for the open state of the DPS
(14) Closed state address: used if Double address usage is set to Yes. This attribute defines the
SCADA address for the closed state of the DPS
T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
DNP3
(8)
(9)
(10)
Modbus
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
Figure 101: Defining a SCADA address for a DPS datapoint

3.7.2.4 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR AN MV DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to an MV datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the SCADA
MV mapping level:
Figure 102: Adding a SCADA MV address
Once added, SCADA MV address attributes must be set at SCE level:

(2) object address.
(3) Event (No / Yes with time tag / Yes without time tag): when set to Yes with time tag, indicates that
change of state of the datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag.
(4) Event record (No / Yes): indicates if change of state of the datapoint must be saved in Sequence of
Event file or not..
(5) Format (Normalized / Adjusted / Float): transmission format.
(6) cycle type (None / Periodic / Background scan): indicates which transmission cycle the MEAS
belongs to.
(7) Group ([0..16)] / 0=no group): indicates which “T101/T104 General Interrogation group” the datapoint
is assigned to. 0 means ‘no group’ assignation.
For DNP3 protocol:
(8) object address
(9) Event (No / Yes with time tag): when set to Yes with time tag, indicates if change of state of the
datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag.
(10) Format (Natural / Adjusted).
(11) object address - register
(12) Format (Natural / Unsigned normalized / Signed normalized /Real IEEE754 – little endian / Real
IEEE754 – big endian): transmission format.
(13) Precision (8..16): number of transmitted bits.

T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
DNP3
(8)
(9)
(10)
Modbus
(11)
(12)
(13)
Figure 103: Defining a SCADA address for an MV datapoint

3.7.2.5 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR A COUNTER DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to a Counter datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the SCADA
Counter mapping level:
Figure 104: Adding a SCADA counter address
Once added, SCADA Counter address attributes must be set at SCE level:
(2) object address.
(3) Event (No / Yes with time tag / Yes without time tag): when set to ‘Yes with time tag’, indicates if
changes of state of the datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag.
(4) Group ([0..4] / 0=no group): indicates which “T101/T104 General Interrogation group” the datapoint is
assigned to. 0 means ‘no group’ assignation.
For DNP3 protocol:
(5) object address.
(6) Event (No / Yes with time tag): when set to ‘Yes with time tag’, defines if change of state of the
datapoint are transmitted spontaneously with time Tag.
(8) Format (Natural / Unsigned normalized / Real IEEE754 – little endian / Real IEEE754 – big endian):
transmission format.

T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
DNP3
(5)
(6)
Modbus
(7)
(8)
Figure 105: Defining a SCADA address for a Counter datapoint

3.7.2.6 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR AN SPC DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to an SPC datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the SCADA
SPC mapping level:
Figure 106: Adding a SCADA SPC address
Once added, SCADA SPC address attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name: used for internal SCE identification.
(2) object address
(3) SCADA execute order type (Select execute / Direct execute): defines if SCADA uses a ‘Select
execute or a ‘Direct execute’ sequence to send a control to the datapoint.
For DNP3 protocol:
(4) object address
execute or a ‘Direct execute’ sequence to send a control to the datapoint.
(6) object address - register.

T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
DNP3
(4)
(5)
Modbus
(6)
Figure 107: Defining a SCADA address for an SPC datapoint
3.7.2.7 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR A DPC DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to a DPC datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the SCADA
DPC mapping level:
Figure 108: Adding a SCADA DPC address

Once added, SCADA DPC address attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name of the address used for internal SCE identification
(2) object address
execute or a ‘Direct execute’ sequence to send a control to the datapoint
For DNP3 protocol:
(4) object address in [0..65535]
T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
DNP3
(4)
(5)
Modbus
(6)
Figure 109: Defining a SCADA address for a DPC datapoint

3.7.2.8 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR A SETPOINT DATAPOINT

A SCADA address is added to a SetPoint datapoint from the contextual Objects entry window at the
SCADA SetPoint mapping level:
Figure 110: Adding a SCADA setpoint address
Once added, SCADA SetPoint address attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name of the address used for internal SCE identification
(2) object address
(3) SCADA execute order type (Select execute / Direct execute): this attribute defines if SCADA uses a
‘Select execute or a ‘Direct execute’ sequence to send a control to the datapoint
(4) Minimal value: available minimal value on the protocol (used for scaling and checks)
(5) Maximal value: available maximal value on the protocol (used for scaling & checks)
(6) Format (Normalized / Adjusted / Float)
For DNP3 protocol:
(7) object address [0..65535].
(8) SCADA execute order type (Select execute / Direct execute): defines whether SCADA uses a ‘Select
(9) minimal value: available minimal value on the protocol (used for scaling and checks)
(10) maximal value: available maximal value on the protocol (used for scaling and checks)
(11) format (Natural / Adjusted)
(12) object address - register.
(13) format.(signed 16 bits / Real IEEE754 – little endian: the lower byte is transmitted first / Real
IEEE754 – big endian: the higher byte is transmitted first)

T101/T104
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
DNP3
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
Modbus
(12)
(13)
Figure 111: Defining a SCADA address for a SetPoint datapoint
3.7.2.9 DEFINING A SCADA ADDRESS FOR SYNCHROCHECK BYPASS

For details on synchronized circuit-breakers, see section 5.2 Defining a Synchrocheck function.
A synchronized circuit-breaker can be controlled through a SCADA network. In this case, the SPC (resp.
DPC) control of the synchronized breaker is linked to a SCADA SPC (resp. DPC) address. As bypassing
synchrocheck is not implemented in SCADA protocol, an extra SCADA SPC (resp. DPC) address that
bypasses the synchrocheck must be given to the SPC (resp. DPC) control of the breaker. At SCE level, this
extra address is linked to the SCADA address of the SPC (resp. DPC) of the synchronized breaker.
To define a SCADA address for bypass synchrocheck:
 Create the SCADA SPC/DPC address (A) to send SPC/DPC to the synchronized CB
 Create a SCADA SPC/DPC address (B) to bypass synchrocheck in the SCADA mapping
 Add the relation has for bypass synchrocheck address via the Objects entry window at SCADA
address (A) and fill it with the SCADA address (B)

Figure 112: Linking a synchrocheck bypass address to a SCADA SPC/DPC address (example for a DPC
datapoint)
3.7.3 ADDRESSING A DATAPOINT ON A SCADA LEGACY NETWORK

For details about datapoints, see section 4 Defining a datapoint.
To exchange datapoint values between station-bus sub-systems and a SCADA, datapoints must be linked to
specific SCADA addresses, by adding at datapoint level the relation has for SCADA address (1) and filling
it with the corresponding SCADA address in a pre-configured SCADA address mapping (see section 3.7.2
Defining the address map of a SCADA network, for SCADA mapping definition).
Addressing an MPS datapoint on the SCADA legacy network is not available.
Figure 113: SCADA addressing of a datapoint (example for Bay SPS datapoint)
3.8 DEFINING THE MANAGEMENT OF WAVEFORM RECORDS

The C26x units manage two types of wave recording files:
 IED connected to C26x legacy network can produce disturbance files. In that case, C26x monitors
their availability. As soon as available, they are uploaded and stored at C26x level. The C26x
computes for System Management Tool (SMT) a real-time data on a per IED basis that gives the

availability of a disturbance file, via station-bus network. Then, SMT downloads it from C26x. At the
end of successful downloading, C26x erases the real-time data of availability.
 Via a CT/VT board (TMU200/210/220), C26x can manage its own waveform record files. Waveform
channels are directly acquired on CT/VT board channels and buffered. Triggered by pre-defined
change of state, associated buffers are flushed on files that correspond to waveform record files. In
that case C26x computes for SMT a real-time data that gives the availability of a C26x waveform
record file, via station-bus network. Then processing is similar to the IED’s file.
3.8.1 DEFINING THE MANAGEMENT OF IED DISTURBANCE RECORDS

Allowing C26x to manage IED disturbance is done at IED configuration level by:
 Setting its ‘automatic disturbance’ attribute to yes.

 Adding RDRE brick (1) for the IED in LD0 logical device of the IEC 61850-8-1 mapping of the C26x.
 Adding the system SPS datapoint ‘DREC ready’ (2) at IED level, linked to a pre-defined datapoint
profile.
 Fill the mandatory IEC address for this datapoint, with the relevant data object of the RDRE brick (3).
(2)
(1)
Figure 114: Adding an RDRE brick and a DREC ready datapoint to an IED

(3)
Figure 115: Setting the IEC 61850-8-1 address of an IED’s DREC Ready datapoint
For T103 IEDs, extra information must be configured to process correct disturbance file COMTRADE
structure at C26x level (see following section).
3.8.2 DEFINING T103 IED EXTRA INFORMATION FOR DISTURBANCE RECORDS

T103 extra information for disturbance files is located at the T103 acquisition type and concerns the
definition of analog/digital channels, stored in disturbance files, relatively to the COMTRADE format.
3.8.2.1 ADDING AN ANALOG CHANNEL

To add an analog channel definition under a T103 network, select the T103 acquisition type level and add an
analog channel from the contextual Objects entry window. Up to 15 analog channels can be created under
a T103 acquisition type.
Figure 116: Adding a T103 analog channel
Once added, channel definition attributes must be set at SCE level:

(1) channel label
(2) long name of the channel used for internal SCE identification
(3) phase name: label of the phase corresponding to the channel
(4) channel number: (cf. mapping IED– field ACC in IEC 60870-5-103 documentation)

(5) unit: unit corresponding to the channel

(6) coefficient (0: not used): value which the samples must be multiplied by in order to get the real value
(0: not used). Generally, data uploaded from IED allows to compute this ‘multiply coefficient’.
Unfortunately, some IED don’t give correct data. In this case, this coefficient must be set here
(7) shift time (range [0 s, 1 s], step 1 s): elapsed time since the beginning of the sampling period
(8) maximal sample value (range [0 , 32767], step 1)
(9) minimal sample value (range [-32768, 0], step 1)
Figure 117: Setting a T103 analog channel
For details about analog channel definition, refer to COMTRADE (IEEE C37.11) document.
3.8.2.2 ADDING A DIGITAL CHANNEL

To add a digital channel definition under a T103 network, select the T103 acquisition type level and add a
digital channel from the contextual Objects entry window. Up to 255 digital channels can be created under a
T103 acquisition type.
Figure 118: Adding a T103 digital channel
Once added, channel definition attributes must be set at SCE level:

(1) channel label
(2) long name of the channel used for internal SCE identification

(3) function number (range [0 , 255], step 1): corresponds to function type of the channel in T103
protocol
(4) information number (range [0 , 255], step 1): corresponds to information number of the channel in
T103 protocol
(5) default state (Off / On)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 119: Setting a T103 digital channel
For details about digital channel definition, refer to COMTRADE (IEEE C37.11) document.
3.8.3 DEFINING THE MANAGEMENT OF WAVEFORM RECORDS ACQUIRED VIA THE

C26X’S CT/VT BOARD
Allow the C26x to manage its own wave record file at C26x configuration level by:
 defining a fast and/or slow waveform recording (see following sections):

 fast waveform recording gives access to samples acquired via the CT/VT board.
 slow waveform recording gives access to analogue (MV) and digital values (SPS, DPS, SPC, DPC)
file recording.
 adding the system SPS datapoint ‘DREC ready’ (1) at C26x level, linked to a pre-defined datapoint
profile.
The RDRE brick (2) for the C26x in LD0 logical device of the IEC 61850-8-1 mapping of the C26x and the
address (3) are added automatically.
Figure 120: RDRE IEC 61850-8-1 brick and its address

3.8.3.1 DEFINING FAST WAVEFORM RECORDING

The inputs for the fast waveform records are up to 4 CT samples and 4 VT samples, and the values of
selected digital SPS, DPS, SPC or DPC datapoints (for more details about datapoints, see section 4 Defining
a datapoint). Up to 128 digital datapoints can be captured. The choice of selected inputs/outputs is defined in
configuration.
The waveform recorder provides up to 8 CT/VT channels and up to 128 digital datapoints for extraction by
SMT.
A maximum of 480 cycles (9.6 seconds at 50 Hz) of measurements samples, with 32 samples per cycle, can
be stored, divided in 1, 2, 4 or 8 files saved in flash disk.
A timer channel is also required to provide accurate timing information for each sample. The time between
two samples is assumed constant over a single cycle.
Number of files Number of cycles
8 60
4 120
2 240
1 480
The waveform recorder can be triggered by the following events, each of which is user-configurable:
 Changes in state of binary inputs (SPS or DPS datapoint)

 Changes in state of digital outputs (SPC or DPC datapoint)
 Measurement threshold violations (MV datapoint)
 Operator request
Only one re-trigger is allowed: it means that a new trigger can only be accepted after the end of recording of
the current waveform.
Waveform records are available in COMTRADE 2001 format.
To add fast waveform recording to a C26x, select the C26x level and add a Wave fast record field from the
contextual Objects entry window. Only one fast waveform recording item can be created under a C26x.
Figure 121: Adding a fast waveform recording

Once added, fast waveform recording attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name and long name: used for internal SCE identification
(2) pre-trigger cycle (range [1, 480], step 1): number of cycles (up to 480), that are stored before
triggering
(3) total cycles (range [1 , 480], step 1): see previous description
(4) number of files (1 / 2 / 4 / 8): see previous description
Figure 122: Setting a fast waveform recording
To define the inputs of a fast waveform recording, select the recording level, add the relevant relation and fill
in the relation with the proper CT/VT channel or datapoint. Be careful, only CT/VT channels and datapoints
acquired on the C26x can be defined as inputs of its fast waveform recording.
(1)
Figure 123: Defining inputs for fast waveform recording
To define the triggers of a fast waveform recording, select the recording level, add the relevant relation (2)
and fill in the relation with proper datapoint. Be careful, only datapoints acquired on the C26x can be defined
as input of its fast waveform recording.

(2)
Figure 124: Defining triggers for fast waveform recording

Depending on the datapoint type, extra attributes must be set for has for trigger relation. These attributes
give the datapoint states (or thresholds for MV) that trigger the record:
Triggering state for DPC:

Open, Close or “Open and Close”
Triggering state for DPS:

Open, Closed or “Open and Closed”
Triggering state for MV,

for each state:
- No trigger,
- Trigger on threshold shot,
- Trigger on threshold reset,
- Trigger on threshold shot and reset
Triggering state for SPC:

Reset Set or “Set and Reset”
Triggering state for SPS:

Off, On or “On and Off”
C0183ENc
Figure 125: Defining trigger conditions for fast waveform recording

- "pre-trigger cycle"  "total cycles"
- "number of files"  "total cycles"  480 cycles

3.8.3.2 DEFINING SLOW WAVEFORM RECORDING

The inputs for the slow waveform records are:
 MV datapoint coming from CT VT computation.

 MV datapoint coming from AIU boards.
 SPS or DPS datapoints.
 SPC or DPC datapoints.
The slow wave form manages up to 24 analogues (MV) and 48 digital values (SPS, DPS, SPC, DPC). DS
Agile C26x stores at most 5000 integrated values as follows:
Number of Files Number of integrated values
1 5000
2 2500
5 1000
10 500
20 250
50 100
The integrated value has a duration of up to one hour. It is defined in configuration.

For analogue samples, the stored value is the average value of the signal during the integration time.
In order for the value to be 1, the signal must remain at 1 for at least the duration of the arbitration period, if it
drops off before, the value will be 0.
The slow waveform recorder can be triggered by the following events, each of which is user configurable:
 Changes in state of binary inputs (SPS or DPS datapoint)

 Changes in state of digital outputs (SPC or DPC datapoint)
 Measurement threshold violations (MV datapoint)
 Operator request (controls)
To add slow waveform recording to a C26x, select the C26x level and add a Wave slow record field from
the contextual Objects entry window. Only one slow waveform recording item can be created under a C26x.
Figure 126: Adding a slow waveform recording

Once added, slow waveform recording attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name and long name of the recording used for internal SCE identification
(2) pre-trigger cycle (range [1, 4998], step 1): number of records that are stored before triggering
(3) total records (range [20 , 5000], step 1): see previous description
(4) number of files (1 / 2 / 5 / 10 / 20 / 50): see previous description
(5) arbitration period (range [10, 100], step 1): percentage of time during which the logical data must be
set to 1 to consider the integrated data set to 1
(6) integration time (range [1, 216000], step 1): number of cycles (see before)
- [1, 180000] for a power system frequency of 50 Hz
- [1, 216000] for a power system frequency of 60 Hz
(for power system frequency configuration, see section 3.2.3)
(7) activation period (Non periodic/Daily trigger/weekly trigger/Daily & weekly trigger; daily: time 0 to
23:00 when the record starts, weekly: day and time
Figure 127: Setting a slow waveform recording
To define the inputs of a slow waveform recording, select the recording level, add the relevant relation (1)
and fill in the relation with proper datapoint. Be careful, only datapoints acquired on the C26x can be defined
as inputs of its slow waveform recording.

(1)
Figure 128: Defining inputs for slow waveform recording
To define the datapoint-triggers of a slow waveform recording, select the recording level, add the relevant
relation (2) and fill in the relation with proper datapoint. Be careful, only datapoints acquired on the C26x can
be defined as inputs of its slow waveform recording. A slow waveform can be configured without any
datapoint-trigger, if a daily or weekly activation period has been defined for it.
(2)
Figure 129: Defining triggers for slow waveform recording
Depending on the datapoint type, extra attributes must be set to a has for trigger relation. These attributes
give the datapoint states (or thresholds for MV) that trigger recording (see following figure). The Link attribute
is automatically filled.

Triggering state for DPC:

Open, Close or “Open and Close”
Triggering state for DPS:

Open, Closed or “Open and Closed”
Triggering state for MV,

for each state:
- No trigger,
- Trigger on threshold shot,
- Trigger on threshold reset,
- Trigger on threshold shot and reset
Triggering state for SPC:

Reset Set or “Set and Reset”
Triggering state for SPS:

Off, On or “On and Off”
C0184ENc
Figure 130: Defining triggers conditions for slow waveform recording

- "pre-trigger cycle" < "total records"
- "number of files"  "total records"  5000 records
 If "electrical frequency"  50 Hz:

- The "integration time" value must be in the range [1..180000].
- If the "integration time" value is > 5, then NO DPC, SPC, DPS, SPS recording is allowed.
 If "electrical frequency"  60 Hz:

- The "integration time" value must be in the range [1..216000].
- If the "integration time" value is > 6, then NO DPC, SPC, DPS, SPS recording is allowed.

3.9 DEFINING A C26X KLAXON

A C26x can manage up to one external klaxon, that is started as soon as an audible local alarm is raised on
C26x (to define audible alarm see section 4 Defining a datapoint). The external klaxon is managed by a
specific SPC datapoint wired on the C26x (‘ON’ command starts the klaxon, ‘OFF’ command stops it).
To define an external klaxon at C26x level, just add the relation has its klaxon managed by at C26x level
and fill it with the relevant SPC.
Figure 131: Defining a C26x klaxon
 The "SPC" link of the relation has its klaxon controlled by must be wired on a DO channel of the
C26x.
3.10 SETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION FOR C26X COMPONENTS

When creating a C26x, specific datapoints are automatically added in ‘system infos’ folder (1) at C26x level
or PLC sub-component.
So it is when adding a board (2), an IED on legacy network (3), a serial printer (4), or a SCADA network (5)
attached to a C26x. In that case, the ‘system infos’ folder is located under the relevant added object.
For extra C26x functionalities (wave recording, redundancy) some optional datapoints can be required.
SCE calls such ‘system infos’ datapoints, system datapoints.
System datapoints provide real-time statuses and controls on system software or hardware components, and
generally can not be wired on board channels except for redundancy function.
As datapoint, system datapoints must be linked to a profile. For details about datapoint and datapoint profile
configuration, see section 4 Defining a datapoint). Depending on its type, the system datapoint and its
relevant profile have specific attributes to be set correctly to ensure a healthy behaviour from the C26x.
Hereafter, are listed the datapoint and profile requirements for each type of system datapoint.
Generally system datapoints are automatically addressed in IEC 61850-8-1 mapping of the relevant C26x at
their creation. If manual addressing is necessary, it is indicated in following sections by giving the associated
available data object for a given C26x brick in LD0 (<brick name>.<data object name>). For details about
SBUS addressing, see section 3.5 Networking a C26x on the station-bus network.

(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
Figure 132: System infos folders for a C26x

3.10.1 SETTING GENERAL SYSTEM INFORMATION OF A C26X

At C26x creation, the mandatory datapoints are implicitly added & show in alphabetical order
Figure 133: Mandatory System infos datapoints for a C26x
These datapoints must be configured (see section 4) according to their described features; the manager is
mentioned whenever it is different from the C26x itself.
Type Manager Datapoint States IEC address

Health All ABC status RESET: Board type not OK (for multirack) SBUS auto
All Printer status RESET: Printer not OK no
RESET: Acquisition running
DI acq stopped SBUS automatic
SET: Acquisition stopped due to saturation
RESET: Software running
Soft error SPS no
SET: Software error **
RESET: Watchdog OK
Watchdog SPS no
SET: Expired time-out **

Type Manager Datapoint States IEC address

STATE 0: ISaGRAF is running normally
STATE 1: Not activated
ISaGRAF status STATE 2: Cycle too long SBUS automatic
STATE 3: Queue overflow
STATE 4: Program Organization Unit faulty
IEC
Device link RESET:IEC real time link with C26x not OK no
clients
Main status MV VALID: Mainc26x between min-max high-low SBUS auto
RESET: Device out of synchronisation
Synchronisation SBUS automatic
SET: Synchronised device
Gateway
RESET: No Gateway buffer report overflow
buffer report Buff Ov Gtw SBUS
SET: GTW buffer report overflow
O/F
RESET: No b-up Gateway buffer report overflow
. Buff Ov GtwBck automatic
SET: Back-up Gateway buffer report overflow
OI buffer RESET: No OI buffer report overflow
Buffer overflow no
report O/F SET: OI buffer report overflow
RESET: No OI buffer report overflow
Buff Ov OI SBUS
SET: OI buffer report overflow
RESET: No b-up OI buffer report overflow
. Buff Ov OIBck automatic
SET: Back-up OI buffer report overflow
Database RESET: Coherent database
DB incoh. SPS no
management SET: Incoherent database *
SMT DB switch ctrl ON: Switchover to standby database *** no
Local/ OPEN: Remote mode
Loc/rem ctrl DPC no
Remote CLOSE: Local mode
OPEN: Remote mode
Local/remote ctrl DPS SBUS automatic
CLOSED: Local mode
RESET: Remote mode (all DPSs are open)
Local/remote ctrl SPS SBUS automatic
SET: Local mode (at least one DPS closed)
Functioning OPEN: Maintenance mode
SMT Mode control DPC SBUS automatic
mode CLOSE: Operational/Run mode
STATE 0: Faulty mode
STATE 1: Operational mode
Operating mode SBUS automatic
STATE 3: Test mode
STATE 5: Maintenance mode
OPEN: Test mode
SMT Test control DPC no
CLOSE: Normal mode
Redundancy Red mode ctrl ON: Active mode indication (DO1) no
Red status ctrl ON: Network connection indication (DO2) no
Red. change mode RESET: Active mode indication (DI1) no
Red. change stat RESET: Network connection indication (DI2) no
Redundancy mode RESET: Active mode indication to SCADA SBUS auto
Settings Setting disc. SET: Discordance of value, format …
Setting done SET: Transfer with DS Agile S1 completed SBUS
(DS Agile S1) Setting in prog. SET: Transfer C26x-DS Agile S1 in progress automatic
Setting incoher. SET: Incoherency in setting file version
the C26x switches to mode * Maintenance, ** Faulty, *** Maintenance or Operational/Run

At C26x level, the following optional datapoint can be added.
Figure 134: Optional System infos’ datapoints for a C26x
These datapoints must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint) according to their described
features:
OPEN: Maintenance mode
CLOSED: Operational mode
Device mode DPS SBUS automatic
JAMMED: Test mode
UNDEFINED: Operational mode
Counter Top RESET: no transmission
SBUS automatic
(generally wired) SET: launch transmission of counter value on IEC & SCADA networks
RESET: no waveform record available
DREC ready SBUS automatic
SET: waveform record file available, see section 3.8
External clock RESET: IRIG-B signal (see section 3.2.1) is present
SBUS automatic
status for IRIG-B SET: lack of IRIG-B signal
RESET: no immediate acknowledgement of all the C26x alarms
Local alarm ack no
SET: immediate acknowledgement of all the C26x alarms *
* in addition to the Global Alarm Acknowledgement SPS, you can define a Local Alarm Acknowledgment
SPS, one for each C26x; it can be wired, managed by an automation or associated with a control. It cannot
be transmitted over the Station Bus network, but only used locally. When the Local alarm ack is configured in
a C26x, the Global alarm Ack is no more taken into account by this C26x.
3.10.2 SETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION OF BOARD

When creating a board (except CPU board) the following mandatory datapoint is implicitly added.
(1)
Figure 135: Mandatory System infos datapoint for a board (example for an AIU board)

 Board status MPS (1): this datapoint indicates the status of the board. Addressing this datapoint can
be done:
 using SBUS automatic addressing.
Figure 136: Automatic IEC addressing of a board status datapoint
 Manually. In that case, the relevant data object given the IEC address of the status, must be
coherent with the board number (e.g. if AIU board number is 3, corresponding data object is
AIUSt).
The available states of this datapoint are:
 “STATE 0” for board OK
 “STATE 1” for self-check failure
 “STATE 2” for configured but missing
 “STATE 3” for not configured but present
 “STATE 4” for board not present
Figure 137: Manual IEC addressing of a board status datapoint

3.10.3 SETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION OF LEGACY IED

When creating a legacy IED, the following mandatory datapoints are implicitly added.
(1)
(2)
Figure 138: Mandatory System infos datapoints for a legacy IED
These datapoints must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint) according to their described
features:
 IED communication status SPS (1): is put in ‘SET’ state if communication with the IED is
operational.
 “RESET” for communication not OK
 “SET” for communication OK
 An IEC address for this datapoint is defined using SBUS automatic addressing.
 IED synchronization status SPS (2): is put in ‘SET’ state if IED is synchronized.
 “RESET” for IED not synchronized
 “SET” for IED synchronized
At IED level, the following optional datapoint can be added:
Figure 139: Optional System infos datapoint for a legacy IED

 IED disturbance status SPS (2): this datapoint indicates the availability of a disturbance file for the
IED (for details, see section 3.8.1 Defining the management of IED disturbance records ). This
datapoint is put in ‘SET’ state if a disturbance file is available.
 “RESET” for no disturbance file available
 “SET” for disturbance file available
3.10.4 SETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION OF SERIAL PRINTER

When creating a serial printer, the following mandatory datapoint is implicitly added.
(1)
Figure 140: Mandatory System infos datapoint for a serial PRINTER
 Printer status MPS (1): this datapoint indicates the status of the printer.
 STATE 0 for printer OK
 STATE 1 for self-check failure
 STATE 4 for printer not present

3.10.5 SETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION OF A SCADA NETWORK

When creating a SCADA network, the following mandatory datapoints are implicitly added.
(2)
(1)
Figure 141: Mandatory System infos datapoint for a SCADA network
 SCADA communication status SPS (1): this datapoint is put in “SET” state if communication with the
SCADA is operational.
 RESET for communication with the SCADA not OK
 SET for communication with the SCADA OK
 SCADA redundancy status SPS (2): this datapoint is put in “SET” state if redundancy with the
SCADA is active.
 RESET for standby
 SET for active

4 DEFINING A DATAPOINT
4.1 TOPOLOGY
4.1.1 ELECTRICAL AND SYSTEM DATAPOINTS

Electrical and system topologies share entities called datapoints:
 those of the electrical topology are called electrical datapoints

 those belonging to the system topology are called system datapoints
A datapoint corresponds to an atomic object with real-time value, status or control. Moreover, datapoints
support extra system functions like forcing, suppression, filtering, and alarms, logging.
Generally, system datapoint creation is automatic when adding system units or sub-components to system
units. They are never wired, except for system datapoint used by redundancy and more often correspond to
system diagnostics (device, printer board status, control of device mode, …).
Electrical datapoint creation is rarely automatic except when they are required for correct DS Agile system
behaviour (for instance, ‘Order running SPS’ at bay level, ‘Computed switchgear position’ at circuit-break
level), or relevant to an electrical built-in function that imposes their existence.
4.1.2 INPUT AND OUTPUT DATAPOINTS

Several types of datapoint exist:
 Input datapoints used for supervision:

 SPS (Single Point Status), DPS (Double Point Status), MPS (Multiple Point Status)
 MV (Measurement Value), Counter
 Output datapoints used for control:

 SPC (Single Point Control), DPC (Double Point Control)
 Setpoint
Input datapoints can be acquired through sensors (input channels) addressed on IED at IED legacy network
level or substation network level. They can also be calculated or deduced by the system units. They can be
sent to SCADA by addressing them on SCADA networks.
Output datapoints can be controlled through relays (output channels), addressed on IED at IED legacy
network level or substation network level or on SCADA networks. They can also be managed by built-in
functions or user functions.
There are four types of Binary outputs:
 Single Point Status (SPC): derived from one Digital Output

 Double Point Status (DPC): derived from two Digital Outputs
 System output: control information related to the system, meant for configurable and built-in
automations or electrical process deprived of acquisition possibilities
 Setpoint (SetPoint): derived from n Digital Outputs

SPC, DPC and SetPoints are mainly controlled via digital output boards (DOU board) or via IEDs connected
by a serial link (for details see section 4.6).
By extension, at SCE level, system outputs are seen as particular SPC or DPC depending on the number of
elementary information they represent (for details about system outputs, see section 3.10 Setting system
information for C26x components).
Control sequences are described in chapter C26x/EN FT (Functional Description).

4.2 CREATING A DATAPOINT PROFILE
4.2.1 OVERVIEW
A set of datapoints share often many common characteristics. For instance, all feeder breaker positions have
got the same state labels, alarm and logging behaviour. To group these common characteristics, profiles are
included in the data modeling. For each type of datapoints (SPS, DPS,…) there exists a relevant profile
(SPS profile, DPS profile, …). Several datapoints of the same type are linkable to the same profile.
The profile attributes can be seen as the datapoint attributes as soon as this datapoint is assigned a profile.
For input datapoints, the following characteristics are set in the profile:
 state labels and eventual unit label for MV and counter

 definition of the archived and logged states
 definition of the alarmed states (gravity, delay, audibility)
 definition of state interlocking values
 definition of forcing/substitution/suppression (FSS) and SBMC facilities
For output datapoints, the following characteristics are set in the profile:
 order labels and eventual unit label for setpoints

 definition of the significant orders for SPC and DPC
 definition of the alarmed order failure (gravity, delay, audibility)
 definition of the archived and logged transitions
 SBO mode facility
Be careful: (See section 3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to other station-bus sub-systems, for Client / Server
definition). In the set of all the C26x units of an Scs:
 the following profile functional characteristics logging, alarm, archiving and FSS, are only useful and
given to the C26x that serves the linked DPs because these functions are always done by the server
C26x. So, a C26x A using a DP acquired on a C26x B never logs, signals or archives events relevant
to this DP
 the profile functional characteristics ‘interlock values’ are given to server and client C26xs using a
datapoint, because interlock evaluation is a distributed function done on every C26x that needs it
before controlling its own electrical modules
 the profile functional characteristic ‘SBMC’ is given to server or client C26x units using a datapoint
exchanged on a SCADA network they manage, because SBMC filtering is a distributed function done
on C26x units managing SCADA networks
 the profile characteristics ‘state/order labels’ are given to server or client C26x units using a datapoint
but are only used by the server: C26x bay mimics, logging, alarm definitions are reduced to datapoints
that the C26x is server of

4.2.2 USING THE PROFILES TABLE

If the Profiles Table is not displayed, click the icon Reset perspective in the toolbar and the button Profiles
Table in the lower part (in Auto Hide mode, move the cursor over the bottom toolbar). To adjust a column
width, pass the cursor over the border in the header till the cursor turns to ; then drag and drop.
To fill the table:
 Click in a cell to fill out

 Type one character or click two more times; click the button v overlaying in the cell and select one
value in the drop-down list (it contains all the created datapoint values);  refers to a void value; the
type can be changed this way
Note:
For the field ‘value’, the field SMBC must be set to Yes previously
 To exchange data with a spreadsheet editor like Excel: select Copy/Paste
Note:
To paste the headers (including the tab labels) into the editor, select any row, right click, select Copy columns
header.Null = value in editor of empty cell
 To speed up the input: select a row, copy it and select Paste and add profile(s); this add a row(s) at
the end (regardless of the selected row) with the values in the clipboard
 To delete a profile, which is not linked to any datapoint (brown relation icon), right click and select
Delete
 To delete the duplication of a profile, select the menu Data/Indiced profiles merge (all attributes are
taken into account in the comparison, excluding short name and long name)
 After a database migration, to compute the new profile reference of each datapoint (object and
template) to the profile table, select the menu Data/Upgrade to indiced profile
If you import a library template (.mpl), the source profiles that are referenced by the template are imported
into the target profile table.
Assignation can be done in the datapoint attribute table OR in a row, after the datapoints have been defined,
in the Profiles table (click the second column link icon). The editor shows these template and object
datapoints:
 In Object mode: only object DPs and all instances of template DP (ONLY if ‘Profile reference’ attribute
is set to DOF)
 In Template mode: only template DPs (no instances of template DP). Only the selected template is
used to parse the available template DP
Refer to the chapter OI/EN AP for OI-specific attributes.

4.2.3 DEFINING AN XPS PROFILE
4.2.3.1 OVERVIEW
The binary inputs are defined in section 5.1 of the chapter C26x/EN FT.
By extension, in SCE:
 System Inputs (SI) are seen as particular SPS, DPS or MPS depending on the number of elementary
information they represent (for details about SI, see section 3.10 Setting system information for C26x
components).
 Group binary input is seen as particular SPS.

4.2.3.2 ADDING AN XPS PROFILE
To create an xPS profile, at any level:
 Select the type tab SPS/DPS/MPS

 Click the icon +
 Set the profile attributes (see following sections). The relation with the datapoints (icon in the second
column) will be established, when the datapoints are created
Figure 142: Adding an SPS profile (example given at C26x level)
4.2.3.3 SETTING GENERAL ATTRIBUTES

(1) short name and long name of the profile only used for profile identification in SCE
And for linked SPS datapoints:
(2) enable Force/Subst/Sup (No / Yes)
(3) SBMC-dependent (No / Yes)
(4) SBMC state substitution value (Suppressed /…): significant and visible if SBMC-dependent is set to
Yes
and, for SPS and DPS:
(5) toggling filtering (No / Yes): useful for a datapoint acquired on a DI board to filter toggling.
(6) initial status: used for C26x software initialization especially for system datapoints.

Figure 143: Setting the general attributes of an SPS profile
 The profile of a datapoint of the System topology must have its Force/Subst/Sup attribute set to No.
4.2.3.4 SETTING STATE LABELS ATTRIBUTES
These attributes are used for events/alarm management at C26x level (logging, display).
Figure 144: Setting the State labels attributes of an SPS profile
4.2.3.5 SETTING STATE TREATMENT/C26X TREATMENT ON ATTRIBUTES

Available attribute values are:
 no archive, no logging
 no archive, no logging
 archive, logging
 archive, no logging
Figure 145: Setting the State treatments attributes of an SPS profile

4.2.3.6 SETTING INTERLOCKING ATTRIBUTES

For each possible state linked to this profile and belonging to an interlocking equation, select among values
Invalid, False, True the one used for evaluation of the interlocking equation.
Figure 146: Setting the Interlocking attributes of an SPS profile
4.2.3.7 SETTING ALARMS ATTRIBUTES

(1) condition (Appearance/Appearance & disappearance): this attribute is common to all states of each
xPS linked to this profile. It defines when alarm are generated
For each state the following attributes are settable:
(2) defined (No / Yes)
(3) masking due to control (No / Yes): this attribute must be set to Yes to manage correctly discrepancy
(alarm appears only in case of spontaneous change of state without previous control)
(4) delay (s) (range [0 s, 120 s], step 1 s): to avoid alarm generation if alarm condition disappears within
this delay
(5) gravity (range [1, 5], step 1)
(6) audible (No / Yes): to activate a klaxon
(7) clearing: to precise the way alarm is cleared when alarm condition disappears:
Manual: users must explicitly clear the alarm
Automatic: no user intervention is needed to clear the alarm
Cf. Scs – Clearing mode for gravities: the clearing mode is deduced from the one given at Scs object level
for the relevant gravity
For C26x configuration, all attributes are significant for datapoints it is server of.
Figure 147: Setting the Alarm attributes of an SPS profile
4.2.4 DEFINING AN MV PROFILE
4.2.4.1 ADDING AN MV PROFILE

To create an MV profile:
 Select the type tab MV

 Click the icon + at any level
 Update the profile attributes (see following sections).

The alarm logging printer is defined is the same time as Event Logging.
Figure 148: Setting the Interlocking attributes of an MPS profile
Figure 149: Defining the event log printer for an MV profile

When adding an MV profile, some general attributes must be updated:
(1) short name and long name: only used for profile identification in SCE
and for linked MV datapoints:
(2) enable Force/Subst/Sup (No / Yes)
(3) SBMC-dependent (No / Yes)
(4) unit :used for display, logging and alarm at C26x level
(5) default format: Reserved for Substation control point usage
Default format attribute is a string composed of the following characters:
# display only significant figures
display non-significant zeros
~ suppress sign
% display in percentage mode
‘’ ‘’ display strings with reserved characters
\ display reserved characters
U display unit
. display decimal delimiter
 The profile of a datapoint of the System topology must have its enable Force/Subst/Sup set to No


The State labels attributes are used for events and alarm management at C26x level (logging, display).
Figure 150: Setting the State labels attributes of an MV profile
4.2.4.4 SETTING STATE TREATMENT ATTRIBUTES

Available attribute values are:
 C26x: no archive, logging

 C26x: archive, logging
 C26x: archive, no logging
Figure 151: Setting the ‘State treatment’ attributes of an MV profile
4.2.4.5 SETTING INTERLOCKING ATTRIBUTES

For each possible state of an MV linked to this profile and belonging to an interlocking equation the user
chooses among three values (Invalid, False, True) which one will be used for evaluation of the interlocking
equation.
Figure 152: Setting the Interlocking attributes of an MV profile

When adding an MV profile some Alarms attributes must be updated, for each available state of the linked
datapoints.

For each state, following alarm information are settable:

(1) generation condition (Appearance / Appearance and disappearance): this attribute is common for all
the states of each MV linked to this profile. It defines when alarm are generated
(2) For each state the following attributes are settable
(4) delay (range [0 s, 120 s], step 1 s): to avoid alarm generation if alarm condition disappears within this
delay
(5) gravity (range [1, 5], step 1).
(6) audible (No / Yes): to activate a klaxon
(7) clearing mode: to precise the way alarm is cleared when alarm condition disappears:
 Manual: users must explicitly clear the alarm
 Automatic: no user intervention is needed to clear the alarm
 Cf. Scs – Clearing mode for gravities: the clearing mode is deduced from the one given at Scs
object level for the relevant gravity
Figure 153: Setting the Alarm attributes of an MV profile
4.2.4.7 SETTING MEAN VALUE ATTRIBUTES

The ‘Mean value’ attributes are reserved for substation control point usage.
(1) computation (No / Yes)
(2) reference hour (range [0, 23], step 1)
(3) reference day (range [0, 31], step 1)
Figure 154: Setting the Mean value attributes of an MV profile

4.2.5 DEFINING A COUNTER PROFILE
4.2.5.1 ADDING A COUNTER PROFILE

To create a Counter profile:
 Select the type tab Counter

 Update the profile attributes (see following sections).
Figure 155: Adding a counter profile
4.2.5.2 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A COUNTER PROFILE

When adding a Counter profile, some general attributes must be updated:
(1) short name and long name : only used for profile identification in SCE
and for linked Counter datapoints:
(2) SBMC-dependent (Yes to suppressed / No)
(3) energy of a pulse (range [-3.4E38, +3.4E38]: multiplicative coefficient
(4) unit used for display, logging and alarm at C26x level
(5) default format: reserved for Substation control point usage
Default format attribute is a string composed of the following characters:
# display only significant figures
display non-significant zeros
~ suppress sign
% display in percentage mode
‘’ ‘’ display strings with reserved characters
\ display reserved characters
U display unit
. display decimal delimiter


The state of a counter can be:
VALID Not in one of the states below
SELFCHECK FAULT Due to the SELFCHECK FAULTY of the DI
If the counter is acquired via a transmission link, the information is unknown when the link
UNKNOWN
is disconnected
UNDEFINED Due to a counting failure of DCT (non-complementarity of the 2 contacts)
OVER RANGE When the maximum value is reached
The ‘State labels’ attributes are used for C26x events and alarm management (logging, display).
Figure 156: Setting the State labels attributes of a counter profile
4.2.5.4 SETTING STATE TREATMENT ATTRIBUTES

Available attribute values for each available state of the linked datapoints:

 C26x : archive, logging
Figure 157: Setting the State treatment attributes of a counter profile

For all Counter states, the attribute General/condition defines when alarms are generated for the datapoint:
‘appearance of the event’ / ‘appearance and disappearance of the event’.
For each state, set the following alarm attributes:
delay
(4) audible (No / Yes), to activate a klaxon
(5) clearing mode (Manual / Automatic / Gravity basis): to precise the way alarm is cleared when alarm
condition disappears:

Figure 158: Setting the Alarms attributes of a counter profile
4.2.5.6 SETTING MEAN VALUE ATTRIBUTES

The ‘Mean value’ attributes are reserved for substation control point usage.
Figure 159: Setting the Mean value attributes of a counter profile
4.2.6 DEFINING AN XPC PROFILE
4.2.6.1 ADDING AN XPC PROFILE

To create an xPC profile:
 Select the type tab SPC/DPC

 Set the profile attributes (see following sections)
Figure 160: Adding an SPC profile (example given on C26x)

Some general attributes must be set:
and for linked SPC datapoints:
(2) control mode (for details see section 6.1.2 of chapter C26x/EN FT)
Available values are:
 Direct execute
 SBO operate once
 SBO operate many

 Direct execute with SBO popup (reserved to substation control point usage), similar to ‘Direct
execute’ for C26x
(3) SBO timeout (s) (range [0, 600 s], step 1s), significant if SBO mode is set to ‘SBO operate once’ or
‘SBO operate many’
(4) External fault management
 External fault: the C26x waits for feedback confirming the position change
 OK (special use)
4.2.6.3 SETTING ORDER LABELS ATTRIBUTES

The ‘Order labels’ attributes are used for C26x events and alarm management (logging, display) and for
correct xPC order management. Generic attribute:
(1) Order.. usage (No / Yes): if there is a label (Yes), the related wording Order.. label
Figure 161: Setting the Order labels attributes of an SPC profile
4.2.6.4 SETTING STATE TREATMENT ATTRIBUTE

The ‘State treatment’ attribute must be updated globally for all available control and acknowledgement steps
of the linked datapoints. The available attribute values are:

Figure 162: Setting the State treatment attribute of an SPC profile
4.2.6.5 SETTING INTERLOCKING AND FBD ATTRIBUTES

Some ‘Interlocking and FBD’ attributes can be updated for Boolean evaluation of interlocking equation, if the
xPC belongs to an interlock equation or is an input of FBD automation (see sections 5.7.4 Defining an
interlock in this manual and 4.5 Defining an FBD fast automation in SCE/EN AP).
Generic settable attribute:
(1) .. order interlock value (Invalid / False / True): defines the value affected to the y order state of the
xPC for evaluation of an interlock equation or a FBD using this xPC

Figure 163: Setting the Interlocking and FBD attributes of an SPC profile

Some ‘Alarms’ attributes must be set, for the correct alarm management in case of a negative
acknowledgement concerning control of the linked datapoints.
The following alarm information is settable:
(2) delay (s) (range [0 s, 120 s], step 1 s): to avoid alarm generation if alarm condition disappears within
this delay
(5) clearing mode: to define the way alarm is cleared when alarm condition disappears:
Figure 164: Setting the Alarms attributes of an SPC profile

4.2.7 DEFINING A SETPOINT PROFILE
4.2.7.1 ADDING A SETPOINT PROFILE

To create an SP profile:
 Select the type tab SP

 Update the profile attributes (see following sections)
Figure 165: Adding a setpoint profile (example given on C26x)
Figure 166: Defining event logging printer for setpoint profile

When adding a SetPoint profile, some general attributes must be updated:
and, for linked SetPoint datapoints:
(2) control mode: The available values are:
 Direct Execute
 Direct Execute with SBO popup (reserved to substation control point usage), similar to ‘Direct
execute’ for C26x (but it pops up in a window as in SBO mode)
(3) unit, electrical unit used for display, logging and alarm on C26x.
Figure 167: Setting the general attributes of a setpoint profile

4.2.7.3 SETTING TREATMENT ON EVENT ATTRIBUTES

The ‘treatment on event’ attribute must be set globally for all available control and acknowledgement steps of
the linked datapoints.
The available values for this attribute are:

Figure 168: Setting the State treatment attribute of a setpoint profile

Some ‘Alarms’ attributes must be set, for the correct alarm management in case of a negative
acknowledgement concerning control of the linked datapoints.
The following alarm information is settable:
delay
(5) clearing mode: to define the way alarm is cleared when alarm condition disappears:
Figure 169: Setting the Alarms attributes of a setpoint profile

4.3 CREATING A DATAPOINT

Be careful
(See section 3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to other station-bus sub-systems, for Client / Server definition).
In the set of all the C26x units of a Scs, the previous described SPS attributes (except short name and long
name) are only useful and given to the C26x that serves the datapoint because the relevant functions are
always done at C26x server level.
4.3.1 DEFINING AN SPS DATAPOINT

To create an SPS datapoint:
 Select the required system or electrical object level and add an SPS from the contextual Objects
entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of SPS exist. They are used
for specific needs at electrical topology level (for details see relevant section in 5 Defining a C26x
configuration in the electrical hierarchy) or system topology level (for details see section 3.10 Setting
system information for C26x components)
 Update the SPS attributes (see following topic); some attributes can be fixed or masked depending on
the pre-defined type of SPS
 Update its relation has for profile to point to a specific existing profile (2)
Figure 170: Adding an SPS datapoint (example given at bay level for generic SPS)

Figure 171: Linking an SPS datapoint to its profile (example for a generic SPS at Bay level)
Updating SPS attributes (description for generic SPS)

When adding a generic SPS datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
(1) short name and long name of the datapoint used for logging, alarms ...
(2) detection mode (Permanent / Transient / Permanent with computer auto-reset): when this attribute is
set to "Permanent with computer auto-reset" the SPS is reset automatically after 1 ms
(3) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the SPS tab of the Profiles table
(4) reset confirmation delay (range [0 s, 120 s], step 100 ms]: confirmation delay for stable ‘reset’ state
(5) set confirmation delay (range [0 s, 120 s], step 100 ms]: confirmation delay for stable ‘set’ state
(6) stable state time reference (Start of filtering / End of filtering)
(7) forcing management (Not automatic / Automatic to reset state / Automatic to set state): when an SPS
goes to invalid state, C26x can force or not its status to set or reset state automatically. This attribute

defines the way this forcing management is done. Automatic forcing management is independent of
the FSS enable facility provided in the SPS profile
(8) state panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable SPS state display at C26x local HMI level
Figure 172: Setting the general attributes of an SPS datapoint (example for a generic SPS at Bay level)
4.3.2 DEFINING A DPS DATAPOINT

To create a DPS datapoint:
 Select the required system or electrical object level (1) and add a DPS from the contextual Objects
entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of DPS exist. They are used
 Update the DPS attributes (see following topic); some attributes can be fixed or masked depending on
the pre-defined type of DPS
(1)
Figure 173: Adding a DPS datapoint (example a generic DPS at Bay level for)

Figure 174: Linking a DPS datapoint to its profile(example for a generic DPS at Bay level)
Updating DPS attributes (description for generic DPS)

When adding a generic DPS datapoint, some general attributes must be set:
(2) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the DPS tab of the Profiles table
(3) complementary delay jammed (range [0 s, 60 s], step 100 ms): this attribute defines the delay for
the MOTION00 (JAMMED) state filtering. It corresponds to parameter T00 mentioned in section 5.1.3.1
of chapter C26x/EN FT
(4) complementary delay undefined (range [0 s, 60 s], step 100 ms): this attribute defines the delay for
the MOTION11 (UNDEFINED) state filtering. It corresponds to parameter T11 mentioned in section
5.1.3.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(5) open confirmation delay (range [0 s, 60 s]), step 100 ms): this attribute defines the confirmation
delay for the OPEN state. It corresponds to parameter TO mentioned in section 5.1.3.2 of chapter
C26x/EN FT
(6) closed confirmation delay (range [0 s, 60 s]), step 100 ms): this attribute defines the confirmation
delay for the CLOSED state. It corresponds to parameter TC mentioned in section 5.1.3.2 of chapter
C26x/EN FT
(7) stable state time reference (Start motion / End motion): this attribute defines the time reference for a
stable state: at start of motion filtering or end of motion filtering
(8) forcing management (Not automatic / Automatic to reset state / Automatic to set state): when a DPS
is in an invalid state, the C26x can force or not its status to set or reset state automatically. This
attribute defines the way this forcing management is done. Automatic forcing management is
independent of the FSS enable facility provided in the DPS profile
(9) state panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable the display of the DPS state at the C26x
local HMI level.

Figure 175: Setting the general attributes of a DPS datapoint (example for a generic DPS at Bay level)
4.3.3 DEFINING AN MPS DATAPOINT

To create an MPS datapoint:
 Select the required system or electrical object level (1) and add an MPS from the contextual Objects
entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of MPS exist. They are used
 Update the MPS attributes (see following topic); some attributes can be fixed or masked depending on
the pre-defined type of MPS
(1)
Figure 176: Adding an MPS datapoint (example for a generic MPS at Bay level)

Figure 177: Linking MPS datapoint to its profile (example for a generic MPS at Bay level)
Updating MPS attributes (description for generic MPS)

When adding a generic MPS datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
(2) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the MPS tab of the Profiles table
(3) filtering delay (range [0 s, 6553.5 s], step 10 ms)
(4) inhibition delay (range [0 s, 6553.5 s], step 10 ms)
(5) forcing management (Not automatic / Automatic to state <i> (i  [0, 15])): when an MPS goes in
invalid state, C26x can force or not its status to set or reset state automatically. This attribute defines
the way this forcing management is done. Automatic forcing management is independent of the FSS
enable facility provided in the MPS profile.
(6) state panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable MPS state display at C26x local HMI level.
Figure 178: Setting the general attributes of an MPS datapoint (example for a generic MPS at Bay level)

4.3.4 DEFINING AN MV DATAPOINT
4.3.4.1 ADDING AN MV DATAPOINT

To create an MV datapoint:
 Select the required system or electrical object level (1) and add an MV from the contextual Objects
entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of MV exist. They are used
 Update the MV attributes (see following sections); some attributes can be fixed or masked depending
on the pre-defined type of MV
Figure 179: Adding an MV datapoint (example for a generic MV at Bay level)
Figure 180: Linking an MV datapoint to its profile (example for a generic MV at Bay level)

Note: To create a Computed MV, select the window Wiring and the board TMU2xx, then click Insert.
4.3.4.2 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF AN MV DATAPOINT

When adding a generic MV datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
(1) short name and long name: used for logging, alarms ...
(2) type: available values are:
 Analogue (used for analogue acquisition, IED acquisition, CT/VT calculation or system input)
 Digital coded ‘BCD’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital coded ‘pure binary’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital coded ‘gray’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital coded ‘1 among n’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital coded ‘decimal’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 For details about digital encoding see section 4.6.3 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(3) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the MV tab of the Profiles table
(4) automatic forcing (No / Yes): when an MV goes in invalid state, C26x can force or not its value
automatically. Automatic forcing management is independent of the FSS enable facility provided in the
MV profile.
(5) value for automatic forcing: MV value when automatic forcing
(6) transmission on event (Cyclic long period / Cyclic short period / According to a ‰ of full scale value /
According to a ‰ of current value)
(7) deadband (‰ variation) (range [0, 255], step 1): this attribute is significant only if the previous
parameter is set to ‘According to a ‰ of ...’: this attribute corresponds to the ‘p’ parameter described in
section 5.2.26 Transmission of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(8) MV panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable MV value displayed at C26x local HMI level.
Figure 181: SETTING GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF AN MV DATAPOINT

4.3.4.3 SETTING THE VALUE FEATURES ATTRIBUTES OF AN MV DATAPOINT

When adding a generic MV datapoint, some ‘Value features’ attributes must be updated:
(1) minimum value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]: used for full scale calculation and scaling
(2) maximum value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]: used for full scale calculation and scaling. (Full scale =
maximum value - minimum value)
(3) zero value suppression (% of full scale value) (range [0,10], step 0.1): this parameter is used to
define the zero suppression area (deadband) for zero value suppression processing (see section 5.2.5
of chapter C26x/EN FT for details)
(4) Hysteresis used for threshold detection (see section 5.2.4 of chapter C26x/EN FT for details)
(5) Threshold usage (No / Yes)
(6) Threshold value
Figure 182: Setting the value features attributes to MV datapoint (example for a generic MV at Bay level)
4.3.4.4 SETTING THE SCALING ATTRIBUTES OF AN MV DATAPOINT

When adding a generic MV datapoint, some ‘Scaling’ attributes must be updated:
(1) scaling rule: available values are (see section 5.2.4 of chapter C26x/EN FT for calculation details):
Linear/Quadratic/Quadratic with offset.
Note: For MVs received from external IEDs, only linear scaling is available. Any other setting will be ignored.
(2) minimum acq. value (used for scaling)

(3) maximum acq. value (used for scaling)
In case of multi-segment scaling:
(4) Ai coefficient
(5) Bi offset

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 183: Setting the scaling attributes of an MV datapoint (example for a generic MV at Bay level)
4.3.5 DEFINING A TPI DATAPOINT

Tap Position Indicator (TPI) is an MV with specific features:
 Its value is an integer in the range [1..64]

 Acquisition can be done via AI channel of AIU board
 Acquisition can be done on digital channels of DIU board (up to 64 DI channels). In this case,
available digital MV type are: Decimal, Gray, BCD or ‘1 among n’
4.3.5.1 ADDING A TPI DATAPOINT

TPI datapoint is automatically created when adding a tap changer built-in function under a mandatory
transformer module of a transformer bay. For details about transformer bay, module or tap changer function
creation see section 5 Defining a C26x configuration in the electrical hierarchy.
Figure 184: Automatic TPI creation for the tap-changer built-in function

Figure 185: Linking a TPI datapoint to its profile
4.3.5.2 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

Some general attributes, similar to MV attributes, must be set:
 Analogue tap position
 Digital tap position coded ‘1 among N’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital tap position coded ‘decimal’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital tap position coded ‘gray’ (only used for digital acquisition)
 Digital tap position coded ‘BCD’ (only used for digital acquisition)
For details about digital encoding see section 4.6.3 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(4) MV panel assignment (No / Yes): set to ‘yes’ to enable MV value display at C26x local HMI level.
Figure 186: Setting the general attributes of a TPI datapoint
4.3.5.3 SETTING THE VALUE FEATURES ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

See section 4.3.4.3 Setting the Value features attributes of an MV datapoint

 The following constraint between the two attributes must be respected :

("maximum value"  "minimum value"  1)  [1..64]
4.3.5.4 SETTING THE TAP POSITION ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

For a TPI datapoint, some specific attributes must be updated:
(1) filtering delay (range [0 , 655,35 s], step 10 ms):
 for digital TPI, corresponds to Tstab of digital measurement
(See section 4.6 of chapter C26x/EN FT for attribute description)
 for analog TPI, corresponds to a delay to filter transient UNDEFINED state (delay to confirm
UNDEFINED state)
(2) current valid range (% maximum value) (range [0 , 20 %], step 1 %): only used for analogue TPI,
corresponds to N parameter described in section 5.3 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(1)
(2)
Figure 187: Setting the tap position attributes of a TPI datapoint
4.3.5.5 SETTING THE SCALING ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

For an analogue TPI datapoint, some ‘Scaling’ attributes appears and must be updated:
(1) minimum acq. value: corresponds to Imin parameter described in section 5.3.2 of chapter C26x/EN
FT.
(2) maximum acq. value: corresponds to Imax parameter described in section 5.3 of chapter C26x/EN
FT.
(1)
(2)
Figure 188: Setting the scaling attributes of a TPI datapoint
4.3.6 DEFINING A COUNTER DATAPOINT

Single counters and double counters are described in section 4.5 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
Scaling is used for printing or displaying a counter. EPI is a parameter giving the amount of energy in kW-h
or kVAR-h equivalent to a pulse. The displayed value is:
N x EPI kW-h (N = value of a counter)
4.3.6.1 ADDING A COUNTER DATAPOINT

Select the required system or electrical object level (1) and add a Counter from the contextual Objects entry
window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of counter exist. They are used for
specific needs at electrical topology level (for details see relevant section in 5 Defining a C26x configuration

in the electrical hierarchy) or system topology level (for details see section 3.10 Setting system information
for C26x components).
Figure 189: Adding a counter datapoint (example for generic counter at Bay level)
4.3.6.2 SETTING GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A COUNTER DATAPOINT

When adding a generic Counter datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
(2) used profile :the drop-down list refers to the Counter tab of the Profiles table
(3) counter type (Standard / Energy import / Energy export): when this attribute is set to "Standard"
associated attributes are Validation duration (3), Invalidity duration (4), IED value already totaled (5),
Cumul period (6) and Reset at cumulative period (7). When this attribute is set to Energy import or
Energy export, the associated attributes are energy type (9), Scale factor (10), Transmission period
(11) and reset after transmission (12)
(4) validation duration (range [0, 10 s], step 1 ms): corresponds to Tcount parameter described in section
4.5 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(5) invalidity duration (range [5, 10 s], step 1 ms): corresponds to Tdef parameter described in section
4.5 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(6) IED value already totalized (No / Yes): attribute must be set to Yes if counter value acquired on IED
must not be totaled periodically (total done at IED level)
(7) cumul period (10 mn / 15 mn / 30 mn / N h (N  [1, 24])): corresponds to period length of internal
clock parameter just described
(8) reset at cumulative period (No / Yes): when set to Yes that the way to transmit the periodic register,
if not the cumulative register is transmitted
(9) MV panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable Counter value display at C26x local HMI level
(10) scale factor
(11) energy type (Active energy / Reactive energy)
(12) transmission period (10 mn / 15 mn / 30 mn / N h (N  [1, 24]))
(13) reset after transmission (No / Yes)

Figure 190: Setting the general attributes of a counter datapoint (example for a generic counter at Bay level)
4.3.7 DEFINING AN SPC DATAPOINT

 Select the required system or electrical object level and add an SPC from the contextual Objects
entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of SPC exist. They are used
system information for C26x components).
Figure 191: Adding an SPC datapoint (example for a generic SPC at Bay level)

When adding a generic SPC datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
(2) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the SPC tab of the Profiles table
(3) spare: datapoint can be spared
(4) activation mode (Permanent / Transient / Permanent until feedback)

(5) order on duration (range [0, 15 s], step 10ms): this attribute is only available if the activation mode is
set to Transient. It defines the time while the contact is closed before re-opening. hold duration
(range [0, 10 s], step 10ms): this attribute is only available if the activation mode is set to Permanent
until feedback. It defines the time while the contact is held in the requested position after reception of
the confirmation of the position of the device
(6) time between two orders (range [0, 10 s], step 100ms): this attribute corresponds to the inter-control
delay
(7) command panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable SPC control at C26x local HMI level
(8) bay mode dependency : Yes / No
(9) SBMC mode dependency: Yes / No
(10) bay control uniqueness: (No / Yes): only significant if control uniqueness is set to bay at substation
level
(11) Local substation dependency: Yes / No
(12) Remote substation dependency: Yes / No
Figure 192: Setting the general attributes of an SPC datapoint (example for a generic SPC at Bay level)
4.3.7.2 DEFINING AN SPC FEEDBACK

For correct execution behaviour and control acknowledgement, an SPC datapoint can be linked to an SPS or
DPS datapoint that corresponds to a feedback. For instance a circuit-breaker control SPC is linked to the
circuit-breaker status DPS.
To define an SPC feedback:
 Add the relation has for feedback at SPC level: choose exclusively one of the two relations has for
feedback: SPS datapoint (1) or has for feedback: DPS datapoint (2) depending on the type of
feedback datapoint.
 Fill the relation with the relevant SPS or DPS datapoint.

 If necessary set the relation attributes:

(1)
(2)
Figure 193: Defining an SPC feedback
(1) execution time-out (range [0, 6000 s], step 100 ms): in this given delay, feedback must change
relatively to the control. If not, a negative acknowledgement is sent for the control
(2) status check for command (No check / Control authorized only if the device is in the opposite state /
Control authorized only if the device is in the opposite state, jammed or undefined / Control refused if
the device is in the same state): this attribute corresponds to the ‘current status check for the device’
described in section 6.1.6.8 of chapter C26x/EN FT and used also for execution checks (see section
6.1.8 of chapter C26x/EN FT)
(3)
(4)
Figure 194: Setting the attributes of an SPC feedback relation
 For each "SPC", two relations has for feedback are available, but they are mutually exclusive
 A datapoint and its feedback datapoint must comply with the following rules :
- both must have the same Server device
- if one of them is a "Wired" datapoint, the other one must be "Wired" too (Here, the term "Wired"
means that the datapoint is linked to a digital or analog channel of a C26x, or linked to an IED
address, else it's "System")
- if one of them is a "System" datapoint, the other one must be "System" too.
- if one of them is linked to an " IEC61850 gen IED" through the relation has for IEC61850 address,
this relation must also be defined for the other one
 For an "SPC" datapoint, if its attribute "activation mode" is set to the "Transient" value, respect the
rule: "execution timeout" > "order on duration"
4.3.8 DEFINING A DPC DATAPOINT

To create a DPC datapoint:
 Select the required system or electrical object level (1) and add a DPC from the contextual Objects
entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of DPC exist. They are used

system information for C26x components).
 Update the DPC attributes (see following topic); some attributes can be fixed or hidden depending on
the pre-defined type of DPC.
(1)
Figure 195: Adding a DPC datapoint
4.3.8.1 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A DPC DATAPOINT

When adding a generic DPC datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
(2) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the DPC tab of the Profiles table
(3) activation mode (Permanent / Transient / Permanent until feedback)
(4) close duration (range [0, 15 s], step 10ms): this attribute is only available if the activation mode is set
to Transient. It defines the time while the DPC is held in the "closed" state before returning to the
"open" state.
(5) open duration (range [0, 15 s], step 10ms): this attribute is only available if the activation mode is set
to Transient. It defines the time while the DPC is held in the "open" state before returning to the
"closed" state.
(6) hold duration (range [0, 10 s], step 10ms): this attribute is only available if the activation mode is set
to Permanent until feedback. It defines the time while the contact is held in the requested state after
reception of the confirmation of the position of the device.
(7) time between two orders (range [0, 10 s], step 100ms): this attribute corresponds to the inter-control
delay defined in section 6.1.6.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT and use also used for execution checks (see
section 6.1.8 of chapter C26x/EN FT).
(8) command panel assignment (No / Yes): set to Yes to enable SPC control at C26x local HMI level.
(9) bay mode dependency: Yes / No
(11) bay control uniqueness dependency: Yes / No (only significant if control uniqueness is set to bay
at substation level)
(12) Local substation dependency: Yes / No
(13) Remote substation dependency: Yes / No

Figure 196: Setting the general attributes of a DPC datapoint (example for a generic DPC at Bay level)
4.3.8.2 DEFINING A DPC FEEDBACK

For correct execution behaviour and control acknowledgement, a DPC datapoint can be linked to an SPS or
DPS datapoint that corresponds to a feedback. For instance a circuit-breaker control DPC is linked to the
circuit-breaker status DPS.
To define a DPC feedback:
 Add the relation has for feedback at DPC level: choose exclusively one of the two relations has for
feedback: SPS datapoint (1) or has for feedback: DPS datapoint (2) depending on the type of
feedback datapoint.
 Fill the relation with the relevant SPS or DPS datapoint.

 If necessary update the relation attributes:
 execution timeout (range [0, 6000 s] step 100 ms): in this given delay, feedback must change
relatively to the control. If not, a negative acknowledgement is sent for the control
 status check for command: this attribute corresponds to the ‘current status check for the device’
described in section 6.1.6.8 of chapter C26x/EN FT and also used for execution checks (see
section 6.1.8 of chapter C26x/EN FT). Values:
 No check
 Control authorized only if the device is in the opposite state
 Control authorized only if the device is in the opposite state, jammed or undefined
 Control refused if the device is in the same state

(1)
(2)
Figure 197: Defining a DPC feedback
Figure 198: Setting the attributes of a DPC feedback relation
 For each "DPC", two relations has for feedback are available, but they are mutually exclusive
 A datapoint and its feedback datapoint must comply with the following rules :
- both must have the same Server device
- if one of them is a "Wired" datapoint, the other one must be "Wired" too (here, Wired" means that the
datapoint is linked to a digital or analog channel of a C26x, or linked to an IED address, else it is
referred to as "System")
- if one of them is a "System" datapoint, the other one must be "System" too
- if one of them is linked to an " IEC61850 gen IED" through the relation has for IEC61850 address,
this relation must also be defined for the other one
 For a "DPC" datapoint, if its attribute "activation mode" is set to the "Transient" value, then the
following rule must be respected: "execution timeout"> max ["open duration" , "close duration" ]
4.3.9 DEFINING A SETPOINT DATAPOINT
4.3.9.1 OVERVIEW OF SETPOINT PROCESSING

Digital setpoints are described in section 4.9 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
SetPoints are used to send instruction values to the process or to ancillary units. DS Agile C26x units
manage four types of SetPoints:
 Digital SetPoints
 SetPoints to IEDs
 System SetPoints
 Analog Setpoints

Digital SetPoints
Digital SetPoints are executed via DO channels of Digital Output boards. This type of controls is managed in
“Direct Execute mode” only.
The checks performed during execution phase for SetPoints are:
 Substation and bay modes: check user selectable.

 Uniqueness: check user selectable.
 Device Locked: check user selectable.
 Automatism running control: check user selectable.
Digital SetPoints may be configured with digital “refresh DO” (see following topic).
The configuration also allows to define two methods of activation of the SetPoint relays:
 Raw activation: all activated relays which must be open are deactivated, all relays which must be
closed are activated. If a “read inhibit DO” is configured this one must be deactivated during the relay
positioning (see following topic).
 Incremental activation: the restitution of the SetPoint and relays can be done by successive
increments from the initial value to the final one. The value of increments and the duration of the
activation are user selectable. If a “read inhibit DO” is configured this one must be deactivated during
every incremental activation (see following topic).
SetPoints to IEDs
SetPoints controls towards IEDs are managed in “Direct execute mode”. Execution phase is identical to the
digital SetPoints. The execution is performed via the communication protocol of the concerned IED.
System SetPoint
SetPoints can be locally managed by C26x as a system control for automation for instance. Execution phase
is identical to the digital SetPoints.
Analog Setpoints
Analog setpoints are measurement values sent on the Analog Output board.
These setpoints commands (with analog indication) are received from the Remote Control Point (RCP) or
from the local HMI (with LCD).
Analog Setpoints are used to interface auxiliary units requiring analog inputs (ex: measurement viewers,
generator).
The AO values are secured with an external power supply which allows keeping the analog output value in
case of C26x shutdown or power off. A quality indication is available with the additional Read Inhibit output
relays (NO) associated with each AO.
4.3.9.2 ADDING A SETPOINT DATAPOINT

To create a SetPoint datapoint:
 Select the required system or electrical object level (1) and add a SetPoint from the contextual
Objects entry window. Depending on the object level, different pre-defined types of SetPoint exist.
They are used for specific needs at electrical topology level (for details see relevant section in
5 Defining a C26x configuration in the electrical hierarchy) or system topology level (for details see
section 3.10 Setting system information for C26x components).
 set the SetPoint attributes (see following section); some attributes can be fixed or masked depending
on the pre-defined type of SetPoint.

(1)
Figure 199: Adding a SetPoint datapoint
Figure 200: Linking a SetPoint datapoint to its profile
4.3.9.3 SETTING GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A SETPOINT DATAPOINT

When adding a generic SetPoint datapoint, some general attributes must be set:
(2) type:
 Analogue: SetPoint is managed by system output or by AOU board output
 Digital coded BCD
 Digital coded ‘Pure binary’
 Digital coded ‘Gray’
 Digital coded ‘1 among N’
 Digital coded ‘decimal’
(3) used profile: the drop-down list refers to the SetPoint tab of the Profiles table
(4) progressive step usage: only used for digital SetPoint. No corresponds to Raw activation, Yes to
Incremental Activation, described in section Defining a SetPoint datapoint.
(5) minimum value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]): used for value control and scaling
(6) maximum value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]): used for value control and scaling

(7) command panel assignment (Yes / No): set to Yes to enable SetPoint control at C26x local HMI
level
(8) bay mode dependency : Yes / No
(10) bay control uniqueness dependency: Yes / No (only significant if control uniqueness is set to bay
at substation level)
(11) Local substation dependency: SetPoint from SCADA is refused / Allowed
(12) Remote substation dependency: SetPoint from OI is refused / Allowed
Figure 201: Setting the general attributes of a SetPoint datapoint

A Setpoint datapoint wired on DO channels of a C26x must be digital and have a profile with attribute “SBO
mode” set to "Direct Execute" or “Direct Execute with SBO popup”.
4.3.9.4 DEFINING A SETPOINT FEEDBACK

For correct execution behaviour and control acknowledgement, a SetPoint datapoint can be linked to an MV
datapoint that corresponds to a feedback.
To define SetPoint feedback:
 Add the relation has for feedback (1) at SetPoint level by tapping into the Object entry window
 Double click the relation in the browser and select the relevant MV datapoint in the Relation link editor
 If necessary set the relation attribute:
(1) execution timeout (range [0, 999 s], step 1 s): within this delay, the feedback must change relatively
to the control. Otherwise, a negative acknowledgement is sent for the control

Figure 202: Defining SetPoint feedback
 A datapoint and its feedback datapoint must comply with the following rules:
 both must have the same Server device
 if one of them is a "Wired" datapoint, the other one must be "Wired" too (here "Wired" means that the
datapoint is linked to a digital or analog channel of a C26x, or linked to an IED address, otherwise it is
referred to as "System")
 if one of them is a "System" datapoint, the other one must be "System" too
 if one of them is linked to an "IEC61850 gen IED" through the relation has for IEC61850 address, this
relation must also be defined for the other one
4.4 DEFINING LOCAL ARCHIVING OF DATAPOINT EVENTS AND ALARMS BY

THE C26X
A C26x manages only archiving of the datapoints it is server of (see section 3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to
other station-bus sub-systems, for Client/Server definition).
For C26x, archiving is available or not for all the EVENTS appearing on a given datapoint. Archiving is
activated as soon as one ‘state treatment’ attribute is set to ‘Archive and logging’ or ‘archive only’ at
datapoint profile level
ALARM archiving at C26x level is defined globally for all the C26x units at Scs object level (see section 3.1
Setting the general system's parameters relevant to C26x units - item (8)).
4.5 DEFINING LOCAL LOGGING OF DATAPOINT EVENTS AND ALARMS BY

THE C26X
A C26x manages only logging of the datapoints it is server of (see section 3.5.1 Connecting a C26x to other
station-bus sub-systems, for Client/Server definition).
For C26x, event logging is available or not for all the events appearing on a given datapoint.
Event and alarm logging is activated as soon as the datapoint profile is linked to the local printer of the C26x.
To create a C26x printer, see section 3.3.7 Adding a printer.

4.6 DEFINING THE ACQUISITION SOURCE FOR INPUT DATAPOINTS
4.6.1 OVERVIEW
Input datapoints have real-time values, fed by several ways excluding each other:
 acquisition via input channel(s)

 acquisition via IED legacy network
 acquisition via non-DS Agile IEC61850-communicating IED
(Virtual) acquisition via software production:
 diagnostic and control of system components

 datapoints relevant to built-in function and user’s function
 MV or counter datapoint relevant to CT/VT board computation
The wiring is based on some best practices:
 first channel of DPS wired in an ODD channel

 two channels of a DPS contiguous
 channels of an MPS contiguous
 digital MV wired into 4 channels at least
4.6.2 SMART TABLES

Select in the browser a board (different than BIU or CPU) as in this screenshot:
Select, in the menu Window, Wiring editor. If it is grayed out, click the Wiring button in the lower part. If there
is no button, click the icon Reset perspective in the toolbar (like in the screenshot). The window Wiring
features a table:
 the channel number

 the variants (pictograms) and the attributes (path of DP parent, short name, profile, long name);
copy/paste is enabled; the long name is editable
 the read-only attributes (meaning, signal); copy is enabled

 the profiles; copy/paste is enabled
To adjust a column width, pass the cursor over the border in the header till the cursor turns to ; then drag
and drop.

Procedure to fill the table (this must be done from left to right):
 Click in a cell to fill out

 Type one character or click two more times; click the button v overlaying in the cell and select one
value in the drop-down list (it contains all the created datapoint values);  refers to a void value; the
type can be changed this way
 The ‘short name’ prompted in the list depend on the DP available at the path level; to create a new
DP, enter its short name (see sketch in section 2).
 The ‘meaning’ prompted in the list depends on the level reflected in the path and is the one found in
the Objects entry pane; it includes among others:
 at substation level, Substation <DP type>
 at voltage level, VoltageLevel <DP type>
 at bay level, Bay <DP type>
 at module level, Module <DP type>
The same value is repeated for the long name, but it can be fixed manually. The relation wired on gets
created under the DP with the short name.
 To export the table to a spreadsheet editor like Excel, select the rows and copy/paste them; the empty
cells are filled with the word ‘null’ (for the headers, use the menu item Copy columns header)
 To break the relation wired on, select  as short name; only path is retained
 To clear a row information, select the row(s), right-click and select Unwire. Unwiring channels linked
to DPs inside the unity of templates is ineffective.
Notes:
For the datapoints without automatic addressing it is possible to add the relation has for IEC address and define it.
A channel cannot be edited if it is already wired in a used template.
In template mode, the available objects (as paths) are:
- unified template if DPs are defined directly as root
- all the electric elements with DP, if board not defined under C26x
- objects in local templates (inside same unified template)
Multi-channel DP: when the meaning is selected, the SCE allocates automatically the required number of
channels. For example, A TPI acquired by a DIU board on 4 bits (a fifth bit, a sign bit, a refresh bit, or a read
inhibit can be added via the attribute ‘signal’):
Copying / pasting to another board’s table works if both boards are of the same type.
4.6.3 SMART TABLES FOR TMU BOARDS

For TMU boards, the channel column is replaced by a measure type column and a button Insert allows to
create a DP. The table is similar to the table used for mapping legacy networks (see 3.6.2.1).
When a row is selected, the insertion results in computing the next measure type (e.g. ‘IA value of the
current phase A’ is followed by ‘IB value of the current phase B’); if the type is already used, the new row has
no type.
When no row is selected, a row is inserted at the table beginning and the list for measure type is limited to
the items not yet used.

Note: Vr and Ir are the residual values, ADC stands for Analog/Digital Conversion.
There are two ways to delete the DP relation is computed by: <board name>; right click and select:
 Suppress measure type: the whole row is erased

 Clear datapoint: short name, meaning, profile, long name are erased
To export the table to a spreadsheet editor, select any cell, right click and select
 Copy all measure types and paste them in editor’s first column; the empty cells are filled with the
word ‘null’
 Copy columns header and paste them in editor’s heading row

 Copy the cells by row or group of rows and paste them in editor’s rows (an empty cell produces the
value Null; in a path, the objects are separated with |)
To import a sheet from a spreadsheet editor like Excel, copy the rows in the editor; in SCE, select a row,
right click and select Insert & paste; the pasted row takes precedence over the older ones:
 If a measure type was all ready used, the new data point used this measure type and the old DP
remains in the table but the measure type is deleted
 if the copied path and short name are already used in one row, the path and short name are stripped
away from this row
On a paste action if the clipboard content inconsistent data a message box is displayed with error message
and the error details:

List of possible errors:
 Invalid path
 MV Type of datapoint not compatible to compute on the current board, not analog.
 Invalid MV type for current TMU
 Profile attribute is read-only
 Datapoint creation impossible under specified path
 Datapoint has many acquisition source
 Datapoint meaning is invalid for datapoint creation
 Relation for wiring are not compatible with current datapoint
 Relation attribute measure type is read-only
Note: With the TMU210, another tab shows (DPS I/O). DO NOT USE IT.
A red row denotes a wrong input; this can result from these situations:
 the same measure type is used for more than one computed MV on the TMU
 the MV is computed by more than one TMU board
 the MV is computed AND issued from an IED
 the MV is computed AND physically wired on a board
 the MV is not analog
To erase the row, select it, right click and select Reach, then delete the relation at the DP level.

4.6.4 ACQUIRING INPUT DATAPOINTS VIA INPUT CHANNELS

At SCE level, linking datapoint to specific channels (DI or AI channels) belonging to the DIU200-210-211,
CCU200, AIU2xx boards of the C26x is called input datapoint wiring.
4.6.4.1 WIRING AN SPS DATAPOINT VIA ONE DI CHANNEL

A wired SPS is in the SET or in the RESET state, depending on the state of the associated Digital Input and
of the mode, normal or inverted (defined in configuration), of the SPS.
DI state Mode SPS state
ON Normal SET
OFF Normal RESET
ON Inverted RESET
OFF Inverted SET
Faulty * SELFCHECK FAULTY
To wire an SPS datapoint on a DI channel:
 Add the relation wired on (1) at SPS datapoint level

 Fill the relation with the relevant DI channel:
When datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level, only DI channels from DIU boards belonging
to the C26x that manages the bay, are available. To define the C26x that manages a bay, see section
5.1.4 Defining a Bay
 If necessary update the relation attribute inverted value (2), whose meaning is given previously
Figure 203: Wiring an SPS datapoint via one DI channel
(2)
Figure 204: Updating the wiring of an SPS datapoint

4.6.4.2 WIRING A DPS DATAPOINT VIA TWO DI CHANNELS

To wire a DPS datapoint on two DI channels:
 Add the relations closed' wired on (1) and 'open' wired on (2) at DPS level.
 Fill the relations with the relevant DI channels:
When datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level, only DI channels from local or remote DIU
boards belonging to the C26x that manages the bay are available. To define the C26x that manages a
bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay.
Figure 205: Wiring a DPS datapoint via two DI channels
4.6.4.3 WIRING AN MPS DATAPOINT VIA N DI CHANNELS

MPS datapoint wiring is done via 3 or more DI channels (up to 16) for each state, and an optional DI channel
for ‘read inhibit’ indication.
To wire an MPS datapoint on n DI channels (n <=16):
 Add the relations state <i> wired on (1) at MPS datapoint level, for each available state of the MPS (i
begins from 0).
 Fill the relations with the relevant DI channels: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
only DI channels from local DIU boards belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available. To
define the C26x that manages a bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay.
 If a read inhibit signal exists for the MPS, add the relations read inhibit wired on (2) at MPS datapoint
level.
Figure 206: Wiring an MPS datapoint via n DI channels

4.6.4.4 WIRING MV AND TPI DATAPOINTS

MV and TPI datapoint wiring is done via 1 AI channel (analogue measurement) or via up to 64 DI channels
(for digital measurements) and two optional DI channels for ‘read inhibit’ indication and sign bit.
To wire an MV or TPI datapoint on AI channel:
 Add the relation wired on (1) at MV or TPI datapoint level.

 Fill the relation with the relevant AI channel: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
only AI channels from AIU boards belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available. To
 To define sensor range of the AI channel, see section 3.3.6 Configuring an AI channel.
Figure 207: Wiring an MV datapoint or a TPI datapoint via one AI channel
To wire an MV or TPI datapoint on n DI channels (n <=64):
 Add the relations bit <i> wired on (1) at MV or TPI datapoint level, for each available bit channel of
the MV or TPI (i begins from 0).
 Fill the relations with the relevant DI channels: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
 If a read inhibit signal exists for the MV or TPI, add the relations read inhibit wired on (2) at MV or
TPI datapoint level.
 If a sign bit exists for the MV, add the relations sign bit wired on (3) at MV datapoint level.
(1)
(2) (3)
Figure 208: Wiring an MV or TPI datapoint via n DI channels

4.6.4.5 WIRING A COUNTER DATAPOINT

A "standard" Counter datapoint ("counter type" attribute set to "standard") wiring is done via one DI channel
(simple standard counter) or two DI channels (double standard counter).
To wire a Counter datapoint on DI channel:
 Add the relation primary input wired on (1) at Counter datapoint level.
 If it is a double counter, add the extra relation secondary input wired on (2) at Counter datapoint
level.
 Fill the relations with the relevant DI channel: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
 When the counter is used as an energy counter ("counter type" attribute set to "Energy import" or
"Energy Export") no wiring is needed but the relation integrate: MV electrical datapoint (3) must be
added to define the input of the counter. This relation must be filled with the relevant MV datapoint.
(1) (2)
(3)
Figure 209: Wiring a Counter datapoint via a DI channel
4.6.5 ACQUIRING AN INPUT DATAPOINT VIA AN IED LEGACY NETWORK

At SCE level, IED wiring is not described. Acquiring input datapoint issued from IED is done by giving it a
communication address in the relay’s legacy network mapping. This addressing can be seen as a virtual
wiring regardless to channel wiring.
Addressing an MPS datapoint on an IED legacy network is not possible.
Depending on legacy network type, addressing information can be different.
See section 3 Defining a C26x configuration in the system hierarchy for further details about IED legacy
network creation and address mapping definition.
To link an input datapoint to an existing IED address in an IED mapping:
 Add the relation has for IED address (1) at datapoint level. Generally, only one relation adding is
available per datapoint, except for DPS datapoint where up to 2 relations can be added,
corresponding to each elementary bit of the DPS if the legacy protocol does not support the DPS
feature. In that case, the DPS is split in two SPS regarding to the legacy protocol.
 Fill the relation with the relevant IED address: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
only IED addresses from IEDs belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available. To define
the C26x that manages a bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay.

(1)
Figure 210: Acquiring an input datapoint via an IED legacy network (example for an SPS datapoint)

A DPS datapoint can have one or two relation(s) has for IED address:
 In the case of one IED address, the attribute "contact type" of the IED address must be set to the
"Unused" value
 In the case of two IED addresses, the attribute "contact type" of one of the IED addresses must be set
to the "open" value, and the attribute "contact type" of the other IED address must be set to the "close"
value.
4.6.6 ACQUIRING AN INPUT DATAPOINT VIA A NON-DS AGILE IEC61850-

COMMUNICATING IED
At SCE level, IED wiring is not described. Acquiring input datapoint issued from IEC 61850-8-1 IED is done
by giving it a communication address in the relay’s IEC 61850-8-1 mapping. This addressing can be seen as
a virtual wiring regardless to channel wiring (implicit association is done at IED level).
See relevant application guide for further details about IED creation and corresponding IEC 61850-8-1
address mapping definition (nevertheless, a similar IEC 61850-8-1 address mapping is described in section
3.5.2 Defining the address map of a station-bus network of the present guide).
To link an input datapoint to an existing IEC 61850-8-1 IED address in the IED mapping:
 Add the relation has for IED address (1) at datapoint level
 Fill the relation with the relevant IEC61850 address
Do not confuse:
 Give an IEC 61850-8-1 address to a datapoint, still wired on a C26x, via has for IEC address relation
adding.
 Give an IEC address to a datapoint on an IEC IED. In that case the datapoint can not be wired,
because it is seen as produced or managed by the IEC IED.

Figure 211: Acquiring an input datapoint via a non-DS Agile IED (example for an SPS datapoint)
4.6.7 PRODUCING AN INPUT DATAPOINT

Another way to produce input datapoint real-time values is to allow software functions to generate them.
This is done at several software levels:
 Supervision of an IEC 61850-8-1 DS Agile system device, where system datapoints are produced to
indicate the device mode, synchronisation device, database status,…
 Supervision of IEC61850 DS Agile system device board (board status diagnostics).

 Supervision of legacy network and IED managed by DS Agile C26x units (communication status
diagnostics).
 Supervision of redundancy between two DS Agile C26x units (redundancy status diagnostics).
 Supervision of logging printers managed by OI server or DS Agile C26x (printer status diagnostics).
 Supervision of archiving managed by OI server (archiving status diagnostics).
 Facilities given by built-in electrical and grouping functions or user’s function, in DS Agile C26x units.
4.6.7.1 IMPLICIT SYSTEM INPUT DATAPOINT VIA SYSTEM DECOMPOSITION
In data modeling many components of the system topology own input datapoints. Their creation is generally
implicit when creating the component: they belong to its hierarchy.
Most of system input datapoints when transmitted on station bus network are addressed in IEC 61850-8-1
diagnostics bricks.
The list of such system datapoints are given in section 3.10 Setting system information for C26x
components.

4.6.7.2 IMPLICIT ELECTRICAL INPUT DATAPOINT VIA A BUILT-IN FUNCTION

Implicit input datapoints can be embedded in built-in function creation. For details refer to the following
sections:
 5.2 Defining a Synchrocheck function,

 5.3 Defining an Auto-recloser built-in function,
 5.4 Defining a Tap changer built-in function.
4.6.7.3 DEFINING AN ISAGRAF SLOW AUTOMATION
By setting output plug, fast automation can produce real-time value for electrical input datapoint (see section
4.5 Defining an FBD fast automation of SCE/EN AP).
So can slow automation when it manages electrical datapoints or owns management input datapoints (see
section 5.5 Defining an ISaGRAF slow automation of SCE/EN AP).
For group needs, an electrical SPS containing the group result must be created (see section 5.7.1 Defining a
group).
For SPS-DPS association, the resulting DPS is the product of the two SPS associations (see section 5.7.3
Producing a DPS ).
To define (open or close) interlocking equation on SPC or DPC datapoint, an extra (open or close) SPS
should be produced, whose result is interlocking equation computation (see section 5.7.4 Defining an
interlock).
4.6.7.4 EXPLICIT ELECTRICAL INPUT DATAPOINT VIA CT/VT COMPUTATION

Another way to produce an MV electrical datapoint is to link it to a CT/VT C26x board. Then, a specific link
attribute must be filled to precise which MV computation is concerned (power, harmonic ...).
Data produced by CT/VT board computation concern:
 RMS Values of phase voltage

 RMS values of busbar voltage
 RMS values of residual voltage and current
 Fundamental sequence components
 Active Power
 Reactive Power
 Apparent Power
 Frequency
 Harmonics levels (expressed as a ratio of the magnitude of the fundamental voltage or fundamental
current)
To link an MV datapoint to a CT/VT computation:
 Add the relation is computed by (1) at datapoint level.

 Fill the relation with the relevant CT/VT board. When datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay
level, only the CT/VT board belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, is available. To define the
C26x that manages a bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay.
 Select in the relation attribute measure type (2) the computation type and the harmonics/fundamental
taken in account.

Figure 212: Defining CT/VT computation for an MV datapoint
4.7 DEFINING THE CONTROL SOURCE FOR OUTPUT DATAPOINTS
4.7.1 OVERVIEW
Output datapoints have real-time control values, managed by several ways excluding each other:
 control via output channel(s)

 control via IED legacy network
 control via non-DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1-communicating IED
 (virtual) control via software production:
 control of system components
 datapoints relevant to built-in function and user’s function
The wiring is based on some best practices:
 first channel of DPC wired in an ODD channel

 two channels of a DPC contiguous
4.7.2 SMART TABLES

See section 4.6.2 Smart tables.
For double DP, creating a channel results in automatic creation of the associated channel with the same
attributes:
To extend to 4 channels, select Extend to dual cutting.

To undo this, select Reduce to simple DPC.

4.7.3 CONTROLLING AN OUTPUT DATAPOINT VIA OUTPUT CHANNELS

At SCE level, linking datapoint to specific channels (DO channels) belonging to DS Agile C26x’s DOU200,
DOU201 or CCU2xx boards is called output datapoint wiring.
4.7.3.1 WIRING AN SPC DATAPOINT VIA ONE DO CHANNEL

To wire an SPC datapoint on a DO channel:
 Add the relation wired on (1) at SPC datapoint level.

 Fill the relation with the relevant DO channel: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
only DO channels from DOU boards belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available. To
Figure 213: Wiring an SPC datapoint via one DO channel
4.7.3.2 WIRING A DPC DATAPOINT VIA TWO OR FOUR DO CHANNELS

To wire a DPC datapoint on two or four DO channels:
 Add the relations closed wired on (1) and open wired on (2) at DPC datapoint level (these relations
can be added two times in case of 4 DO channels use)
 Fill the relations with the relevant DO channels: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay
level, only DO channels from DOU boards belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available.
To define the C26x that manages a bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay
Figure 214: Wiring a DPC datapoint via two DO channels

4.7.3.3 WIRING A SETPOINT DATAPOINT

SetPoint datapoints can only be wired on digital channels (up to 48 DO channels) and two optional DO
channel for ‘read inhibit’ indication and sign bit and can also be wired on 1 Analogue channel.
To wire a SetPoint datapoint on n DO channels (n <=48):
 Add the relations bit <i> wired on (1) at SetPoint datapoint level, for each available bit channel of the
SetPoint (i begins from 0)
 Fill the relations with the relevant DO channels: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay
level, only DO channels from DOU boards belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available.
To define the C26x that manages a bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay
Figure 215: Wiring a setpoint datapoint via a DO channel and an AO channel

A Setpoint datapoint wired on DO channels of C26x must be digital and have a profile with attribute “SBO
mode” set to "Direct Execute" or “Direct Execute with SBO popup”.
To define the optional relations 2 to 4:
 Add the relation at SetPoint level by tapping into the Object entry window
 Double click the relation in the browser and select the target in the Relation link editor
 If necessary set the relation attribute
Mark Relation Attribute 0..999 s At expiry
2 ‘read inhibit’ wired on: DO channel inhibition duration setpoint is allowed
alarm not refreshed, but last received
3 ‘refresh’ wired on: DO channel Refresh duration
SetPoint is maintained
4 ‘sign bit’ wired on: DO channel – –
For explanation, see section 4.9 of chapter C26x/EN FT.

4.7.3.4 WIRING FROM A CCU DATAPOINT

SPC, DPC datapoint can also use digital outputs of CCU boards.
Figure 216: Acquiring an output datapoint using the CCU Card
4.7.4 CONTROLLING OUTPUT DATAPOINT VIA AN IED LEGACY NETWORK

At SCE level IED wiring is not described. Controlling output datapoint issued from IED is done by giving it a
communication address in the relay’s legacy network mapping. This addressing can be seen as a virtual
wiring regardless to channel wiring (implicit association is done at IED level).
Depending on legacy network type, addressing information can be different.
See section 3 Defining a C26x configuration in the system hierarchy for further details about IED legacy
network creation and address mapping definition.
To link an output datapoint to an existing IED address in an IED mapping:
 Add the relation has for IED address (1) at datapoint level. Generally, only one relation adding is
available for a datapoint, except for a DPC datapoint where up to two relations can be added,
corresponding to each elementary bit of the DPC if the legacy protocol does not support the DPC
feature. In that case, the DPC is split in two SPC regarding to the legacy protocol.
 Fill the relation with the relevant IED address: when datapoint level is lower than or equal to bay level,
only IED addresses from IEDs belonging to the C26x that manages the bay, are available. To define
the C26x that manages a bay, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay.

Figure 217: Acquiring an output datapoint via an IED legacy network (example for an SPC datapoint)
 A "DPC" datapoint can have one or two relation(s) has for IED address:
- In the case of one IED address, the attribute "contact type" of the IED address must be set to the
"Unused" value.
- In the case of two IED addresses, the attribute "contact type" of one of the IED addresses must be
set to the "open" value, and the attribute "contact type" of the other IED address must be set to the
"close" value.
4.7.5 CONTROLLING AN OUTPUT DATAPOINT VIA A NON-DS AGILE IEC 61850-8-1-

COMMUNICATING IED
At SCE level, IED wiring is not described. Controlling output datapoint issued from IED is done by giving it a
communication address in the relay’s IEC 61850-8-1 mapping. This addressing can be seen as a virtual
wiring regardless to channel wiring.
See relevant application guide for further details about the creation of IEC 61850-8-1 IEDs and
corresponding address mapping definition (nevertheless, similar IEC address mapping is described in
section 3.5.2 Defining the address map of a station-bus network of the present guide).
To link an output datapoint to an existing IED address in the IED IEC mapping:
 Add the relation has for IED address (1) at datapoint level
 Fill the relation with the relevant IED address
Do not confuse:
 Give an IEC address to a datapoint, still wired on a C26x, via has for IEC address relation adding.
 Give an IEC address to a datapoint on an IEC IED. In that case the datapoint can not be wired,
because it is seen as produced or managed by the IEC IED.
Figure 218: Acquiring output datapoint via non-DS Agile IEC IED

4.7.6 PRODUCING AN OUTPUT DATAPOINT

Another way to produce output datapoint real-time control values is to allow software functions to generate
them.
This is done at several software levels:
 Supervision of IEC 61850-8-1 DS Agile system device, where system datapoints are produced to
control mode device, database switch. These output system datapoints are only used by System
Management Tool.
 Supervision of redundancy between two DS Agile C26x units (redundancy controls).

 Facilities given by built-in electrical and grouping functions or user’s function, in DS Agile C26x units.
4.7.6.1 IMPLICIT SYSTEM OUTPUT DATAPOINT VIA SYSTEM DECOMPOSITION
In data modeling, only DS Agile units of the system topology own output datapoints for device mode
management and database switch. Their creation is implicit when creating the device: they belong to its
hierarchy.
C26x redundancy needs specific output typed datapoints that must be manually added in C26x’s hierarchy.
Most of system output datapoints when transmitted on station bus network are addressed in IEC 61850-8-1
diagnostics bricks.
The list of such system datapoints are given in section 3.10 Setting system information for C26x
components.
4.7.6.2 IMPLICIT ELECTRICAL OUTPUT DATAPOINT VIA A BUILT-IN FUNCTION

Implicit output datapoints can be embedded in built-in function creation. For details see the following
sections:
 5.2 Defining a Synchrocheck function

 5.3 Defining an Auto-recloser built-in function
 5.4 Defining a Tap changer built-in function
4.7.6.3 DEFINING AN ISAGRAF SLOW AUTOMATION
By setting output plug, fast automation can produce real-time order value for electrical output datapoint. So
can slow automation when it manages electrical output datapoints or owns management output datapoints
(see section 5.5 Defining an ISaGRAF slow automation in SCE/AP EN).
For xPS-xPC association, an electrical output SPC or DPC linked to the SPS or DPS must exist and
sometimes be created (see section 5.7.2 Controlling an xPC ).
4.7.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT DEFINITION IN CASE OF SIMULTANEOUS ORDERS

When two opposite orders (Open/Close or Close/Open) are simultaneous and from different origins, the
acknowledgment management is described on the following table:
Cmd1 Cmd2 Action Ack
PSL PSL Cmd 1 cancelled NA
PSL Operator Cmd 1 cancelled NA
Operator PSL Cmd 1 cancelled CO_ACK_FAILED_ORDER (ACK 19)
Operator Operator Cmd 2 ignored CO_REQUEST_IN_PROGRESS (ACK 6)

When two identical orders (Open/Open or Close/Close) are simultaneous and from different origins, the
acknowledgment management is described on the following table:
Cmd1 Cmd2 Action Ack
PSL PSL Cmd 2 Ignored NA
PSL Operator Cmd 2 Ignored CO_REQUEST_IN_PROGRESS (ACK 6)
Operator PSL Cmd 2 Ignored NA
Operator Operator Cmd 2 ignored CO_REQUEST_IN_PROGRESS (ACK 6)
4.8 DEFINING A DATAPOINT ASSOCIATION

This functionality is used to create a link between two datapoints so that the state of one datapoint (called
the target datapoint) is defined by the state of the other datapoint (called the original datapoint).
Target datapoints can be one of the following types: SPS or DPS. They are available with default name
Mapping SPS and Mapping DPS at each level of the Electrical topology. In the example given here after
these two "target" datapoints are shown at the Substation level (1).
Figure 219: The two target datapoints of the substation level
Original datapoints can be one of the following types: SPS, DPS, MPS, and MV.
4.8.1 ADDING A TARGET DATAPOINT

To add a target datapoint, select the required electrical level (Substation in our example) and add the
Mapping xPS from the contextual Objects entry window.
4.8.2 LINKING THE TARGET DATAPOINT TO THE ORIGINAL DATAPOINT

To link the target datapoint to the original datapoint a relation 'is mapped on' (1) must be added to the
selected "original" datapoint (order running at generic bay level in our example). Once added, the undefined
relation is present in the "Contents of" window associated with the order running datapoint (2).

Figure 220: Linking the target datapoint to the original datapoint
To select the target datapoint double-click the undefined relation is mapped on: (3). In the Relation link
editor dialog box are displayed all the available Mapping DPS datapoints (4). Click the Mapping DPS
datapoint you want to be associated with the order running datapoint (Subs Mapping DPS in our example)
then click the OK button.
Figure 221: Selecting the target datapoint
4.8.3 DEFINING THE STATES ASSOCIATIONS

For every possible state of the original datapoint the user can define the corresponding state of the target
datapoint. To perform this association click the now defined relation is mapped on: (5) in the "Contents of:"
window associated with the "order running" datapoint. In the "Attributes of:" window associated with this

relation are listed all the possible states of the original datapoint (6) and for each one the user has to select
the corresponding state of the target datapoint (7).
(5)
(6)
(7)
Figure 222: Defining the states associations
 Up to 10 target datapoints can be associated with an original datapoint

 Up to 100 datapoints can be defined as original datapoints
 The original datapoint and the target datapoint can belong to different C26x units. In this case the
states of the original datapoints are transmitted through GOOSE messages
 A target datapoint is managed as any other datapoint: transmission, used in automation, alarms, …
 An SPS original datapoint can be associated with an SPS or a DPS
 A DPS original datapoint can be associated with an SPS or a DPS
 An MPS original datapoint can only be associated with an SPS (the relation is mapped on: Mapping
DPS Electrical datapoint is not available in the "Objects entry" window associated with an MPS)
 An MV original datapoint can only be associated with an SPS (the relation is mapped on: Mapping
DPS Electrical datapoint is not available in the "Objects entry" window associated with an MV)

5 DEFINING A C26X CONFIGURATION IN THE ELECTRICAL

HIERARCHY
5.1 DEFINING AN ELECTRICAL TOPOLOGY

At SCE data modeling level, the entry point of electrical topology is the ‘Site’ object. At the moment, a ‘Site
object’ (1) can be composed of only one ‘Substation’ object.
A substation (2) is constituted of ‘Voltage level’ objects, each of them corresponding to an electrical
partitioning of the substation by voltage level value (in kV).
A voltage level (3) is an aggregation of ‘Bay’ object (4), grouping of electrical units, called module (5).
Generally this grouping is electrically self-safety, i.e. can be isolated from others bays by switchgears for
maintenance and managed by only one DS Agile C26x. There are different types of bays: feeder,
transformer, busbar, bus coupler, bus section, capacitor bank and generic bay.
Coupling two voltage levels is commonly done via transformer. To respect SCE data modeling electrical
partitioning, this transformer must belong to a transformer bay (6) arbitrary put in one of both voltage levels
(generally its primary). An extra relation on transformer defines to which voltage level its secondary (or
primary) belongs.
Final electrical components are modules composing bays. There are different types of modules: circuit
breaker, switchgear, transformer, motor, generator, battery, capacitor, inductor, converter and generic
module. An extra module exists to describe substation external connection (external line).
Every level of the electrical topology, except Site level, can own datapoints whose features and configuration
are described in section 4 Defining a datapoint.
Figure 223: Electrical topology definition (example)

Figure 224: Bay examples
Switchgear
module
Q1
Circuit-breaker
module
Q0
Switchgear
module Q9
Switchgear Q8
Module (earth)
External line
module
C0213ENa
Figure 225: Module examples

5.1.1 DEFINING A SITE

When creating a new configuration with the SCE, the electrical topology is automatically instantiated via a
‘Site’ root object, containing a mandatory ‘Substation’ object.
A Site object corresponds to customer project identification: its attributes short name and long name (1)
can be entered at SCE level. At the moment, these attributes are not used.
(1)
Figure 226: Setting the attributes of a site
5.1.2 DEFINING A SUBSTATION

When creating a new configuration using SCE, the electrical topology is automatically instantiated via ‘Site’
root object, containing a mandatory ‘Substation’ object.
A Substation object corresponds to customer substation identification: its attributes short name and long
name (1) must be entered at SCE level, for proper logging formatting and datapoint identification, at C26x
and operator interface levels.
At substation level, the attribute ‘default uniqueness’ (2) defines the way control uniqueness of physically
wired controls is managed for the whole substation. The available values are:
 None: no control uniqueness is provided by the DS Agile system for the substation.
 Substation level: control uniqueness is provided by the DS Agile system for the whole substation, i.e. 2
simultaneous controls are refused within the substation, except for control datapoints configured as
independent of substation uniqueness (see sections 4.3.7.1, 4.3.8.1 and 4.3.9.3),
 Bay level: control uniqueness is provided by the DS Agile system for an entire bay, i.e. 2 simultaneous
controls are refused within the same bay, except for control datapoints configured as independent of
bay uniqueness (see sections 4.3.7.1, 4.3.8.1 and 4.3.9.3).
(1)
(2)
Figure 227: Setting the attributes of a substation
Bay and substation uniqueness are managed by C26x by synthesis of mandatory SPS datapoints ‘Order
running’, automatically added under a bay at its creation (see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay).
 When control uniqueness is set for a substation, all the C26x units in the substation must be
IEC 61850-8-1 clients of all ‘order running’ SPS datapoints defined for all the bays. So, a correct IEC-

61850 configuration must be done for all C26x units to support that feature. For details about
IEC 61850-8-1 configuration, see section 3.5 Networking a C26x on the station-bus network.
5.1.2.1 ADDING A SUBSTATION GENERIC DATAPOINT

To add a typed datapoint to a substation, select the substation level and add the typed datapoint from the
contextual Objects entry window. The following generic datapoints (standard usage) are out of the specific
substation functions scope:
 Local/remote for substation (see section 5.1.2.2 Defining a Local/Remote datapoint for a substation)
 Taking Control for substation and SCADA links (see section 5.1.2.3 Defining a Taking Control
datapoint for substation and SCADA links)
For more details about datapoints and their configuration, see section 4 Defining a datapoint.
Figure 228: Adding a substation generic datapoint
Note:
A Global alarm ack SPS (1) can be added to the substation level in order to automatically acknowledge the new alarms
in the C26x and also in the OI. The detection mode attribute of this SPS must be set to "Permanent" or "Permanent with
C26x auto-reset". This SPS may be any wired SPS or SPS activated by a control (using the Glb alm ack ctrl SPC(2))
from the SCADA or generated by any PSL. It is also possible to launch a global alarm acknowledgment at a fixed time
using a cyclic SPS (described in section 5.1.4.1 Adding a bay generic datapoint)
5.1.2.2 DEFINING A LOCAL/REMOTE DATAPOINT FOR A SUBSTATION

A substation can be in remote or local control mode.
The Remote mode indicates that the substation is controlled from the Remote Control Point (RCP) through
the gateway. No controls can be sent from the Substation Control Point level (except if the concerned bay is
in SBMC mode, see section 5.1.4.3 Defining the SBMC mode for a bay).

The Local mode indicates that the substation is controlled from the DS Agile Operator Interface (Substation
Control Point). The controls issued from the RCP are not taken into account by the system and rejected.
Some controls, defined during the configuration phase, can be independent of the substation control mode: it
means that they can be issued from the SCP or RCP whatever the current control mode. Controls from a
configurable automation (see section 5.7 Defining an electrical regulation by user function) are accepted in
both modes. For details about the configuration of this dependency attribute, refer to sections:
 SPC: see sections 4.3.7.1,

 DPC: see sections 4.3.8.1,
 SetPoint: see sections 4.3.9.3.
In Local or Remote mode the information acquired by C26x units and IEDs is always sent to the RCP and
the DS Agile Operator Interface.
The automatic “Forcing of Invalid BI” function is used to avoid processing invalid states of the substation
mode (the local or remote substitution state is defined in configuration). The “Forced Local” state is
processed as “Local” state. The “Forced Remote” state is processed as “Remote” state.
Moreover, any IEC 61850-8-1 client (i.e. Operator Interface, gateway, C26x units) will automatically force the
substation mode to “Forced Local” or “Forced Remote” if it takes the UNKNOWN state (due for example to
the loss of communication between the C26x which manages the substation mode and the IEC 61850-8-1
clients).
To enable Local/Remote substation facilities:
 add the optional datapoints ‘Local/remote DPS’ (1) and/or ‘Loc/rem ctrl DPC’ (2) from the contextual
Objects entry window at substation level,
 configure them (see section 4 Defining a datapoint),

 if necessary, do not forget to link ‘Loc/rem ctrl DPC’ to ‘Local/remote DPS’ via the has for feedback
relation,.
Figure 229: Defining a Local/Remote datapoint for a substation


Hereafter, the term "wired" means that the datapoint must be wired on digital channel(s) of a C26x.
 If "Loc/rem ctrl DPC" is present, then "Local/remote DPS" must be present (it's the feedback).
 If "Local/remote DPS" is not wired, then "Loc/rem ctrl DPC" is mandatory.
 If "Local/remote DPS" is wired, then "Loc/rem ctrl DPC" is not mandatory but, if it's present, it must be
wired.
 If, under a Substation, a "DPC" or "SPC" datapoint has its attribute "Substation mode dependency" set
to "Yes", then the Substation "Local/remote DPS" datapoint must be present.
 If the two datapoints "Local/remote DPS" and "Loc/rem ctrl DPC" are present, they must have the
same Server device.
 "Loc/rem ctrl DPC" datapoint must have its profile attribute “SBO mode” set to "Direct Execute" or
“Direct Execute with SBO popup”.
5.1.2.3 DEFINING A TAKING CONTROL DATAPOINT FOR SUBSTATION AND SCADA LINKS
This facility allows a Remote Control Point (RCP) to force the mode of the substation from LOCAL to
REMOTE and to define on which link the SCADA controls must be accepted.
To activate Taking control facilities for a given SCADA network:
 add the optional datapoints ‘Taking Control’ (2) and ‘Taking status’ (1), via the Objects entry window
at substation level by clicking on mouse’s right button.
 configure them (see section 4 Defining a datapoint).

 add the relation is taken control of at ‘Taking status’ datapoint level (3), and fill it with the relevant
given SCADA network.
 do not forget to link via has for feedback relation, the control with the status datapoint.
Figure 230: Defining a Taking Control datapoint for a substation and SCADA link

 If, at least, one SCADA network is linked to a Taking Control function, all the SCADA Networks of the
system must be linked to a Taking Control function.
 If a "Taking Status" datapoint is linked to a SCADA Network, it must also be linked to a "Taking
Control" datapoint through the relation has for feedback.
 A "Taking Control" datapoint must be linked to a "Taking Status" datapoint through the relation has for
feedback.
 The "Taking Control" datapoint must have its activation mode attribute set to a "Permanent…" value.
The "Taking Status" datapoint must have its detection mode attribute set to the "Permanent" value.
 Both "Taking Control" and "Taking Status" datapoints must be linked to a SCADA address in the
mapping of their SCADA network.
 If a Taking-Control function is defined then, the "Loc/rem ctrl DPC" for substation must be present and
not wired.
 The Server of the Local/Remote datapoints is the Server of each datapoint pair "Taking Status" /
"Taking Control".
 All the units having a SCADA network linked to a Taking-Control function are:
- Clients of each datapoint pair "Taking Status" / "Taking Control".
- Clients of the datapoint pair "Local/remote DPS" / "Loc/rem ctrl DPC".
5.1.2.4 ADDING A USER FUNCTION TO A SUBSTATION

To add a user function to a substation, select the substation level and add the user function from the
For more details about user functions usage and configuration, see section 5.7 Defining an electrical
regulation by user function.
Figure 231: Adding a user function to a substation

5.1.3 DEFINING A VOLTAGE LEVEL

At substation level, several ‘voltage level’ objects can be added. A voltage level corresponds to a substation
area whose electrical bays and sub-modules refer to the same nominal voltage. There is an exception for
transformer bay, coupling 2 different voltage levels, that must be arbitrary located on one of the both.
To create a voltage level, select the substation level and add the voltage level from the contextual Objects
entry window, as follows:
Figure 232: Adding a Voltage Level
When adding a voltage level, some general attributes must be updated:
 short name and long name: used for logging, alarms ...
 nominal value in kV
 ATCC existence (No / Yes): when set to ‘yes’, an extra tab-pane appears for the voltage level, to
enter specific ATCC regulation feature for the voltage level. For details about ATCC configuration and
this attribute, see section 5.6 Defining an automatic voltage regulation – ATCC – built-in function)
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 233: Setting the general attributes of an MV datapoint (example for a generic MV at Bay level)
5.1.3.1 ADDING A VOLTAGE LEVEL GENERIC DATAPOINT

To add a typed datapoint to a voltage level, select the voltage level and add the typed datapoint from the
contextual Objects entry window. The available generic datapoints (standard usage) are listed in the figure
below.

Figure 234: Adding a Voltage Level generic datapoint
5.1.3.2 ADDING A USER FUNCTION TO A VOLTAGE LEVEL

To add a user function to a voltage level, select the voltage level and add the user function from the
For more details about user functions' usage and configuration, see section 5.7 Defining an electrical
Figure 235: Adding a user function to a Voltage Level
5.1.4 DEFINING A BAY

At ‘voltage level’ level, several ‘bay’ objects can be added. A voltage level corresponds to a substation area
whose electrical bays and sub-modules refer to the same nominal voltage. There is an exception for
transformer bay, coupling two different voltage levels that must be arbitrary located on one of the both.

To create a bay:
 Select the voltage level (1) and add a typed bay from the contextual Objects entry window.
 Update the bay attributes.
 Update its is managed by relation, to define which C26x manages the bay (2).
Figure 236: Adding a typed bay
Figure 237: Defining the C26x that manages a bay
When adding a bay, some general attributes must be updated:

(1) short name and long name of the bay used for logging, alarms ...
(2) control uniqueness used for output datapoints under the bay.
The available values are:
None: no control uniqueness is provided by the DS Agile system for output datapoints under the bay.
 See substation definition: control uniqueness is inherited from the attribute ‘default uniqueness’ at
substation level (see section 5.1.2 Defining a Substation).

(1)
(2)
Figure 238: Setting the general attributes of a bay (example for a Feeder Bay type)
When adding a bay, a mandatory SPS datapoint ‘order running’ is automatically created at bay level. This
datapoint allows DS Agile system to manage control uniqueness at substation and bay level: it is set when a
control is in progress on a bay.
 When control uniqueness is set to substation, all the C26x units of a substation must be
IEC 61850-8-1 clients of all ‘order running’ SPS datapoints defined for all the bays. So, proper
IEC 61850-8-1 configuration must be done for all C26x units to support that feature. For details about
IEC 61850-8-1 configuration, see section 3.5 Networking a C26x on the station-bus network.
Typed bay features
Using typed bay allows implicit sub-component creation. Hereafter are listed all typed bays with their sub-
component features:
 Feeder: a circuit-breaker and external line modules are mandatory and implicitly created,
 Transformer: a transformer module is mandatory and implicitly created,
 Bus coupler: a circuit-breaker module is mandatory and implicitly created,
 Bus section: a circuit-breaker module is mandatory and implicitly created,
 Capacitor bank: a capacitor module is mandatory and implicitly created,
 Shunt: a circuit-breaker module is mandatory and implicitly created,
 Busbar: no module is available. This typed bay must be seen as a single electrical node. A specific
attribute ‘node reference’ used for electrical topology definition for ATCC function can be entered for a
busbar. For details about ATCC configuration and this attribute, see section 5.6 Defining an automatic
voltage regulation – ATCC – built-in function).
 Generic bay: no sub-component constraint. Used for general usage outside the scope of other
previous typed bays.
5.1.4.1 ADDING A BAY GENERIC DATAPOINT

To add a typed datapoint to a bay, select the bay level and add the typed datapoint from the contextual
Objects entry window. The generic datapoints (standard usage) out of the specific bay functions' scope are
liste below:
 Local/remote for bay (see section 5.1.4.2 Defining a Local/Remote datapoint for a bay)
 SBMC for bay (see section 5.1.4.3 Defining the SBMC mode for a bay)
 Group computation (see section 5.7.1 Defining a group)

Figure 239: Adding a generic datapoint to a bay
Note:
In the C26x, up to 8 transient SPS datapoints (1) can be defined as cyclic (day cycle). They can be used to activate a
periodic treatment. In addition to the usual attributes of SPS datapoints, these require the configuration of an extra two
specific attributes (2) that define their time of activation.
5.1.4.2 DEFINING A LOCAL/REMOTE DATAPOINT FOR A BAY

Each bay can be independently switched to Remote or Local mode.
Remote mode means that the bay is controlled from the upper level, i.e. the Remote Control Point (RCP) or
the Substation Control Point (SCP), depending on the current substation control mode. No control
commands can be sent from the Bay Control Point (BCP) level, i.e. the operator interface of the C26x that
manages the bay.
Local mode means that the bay is controlled from the BCP. It does not take into account the control
commands issued from the upper level.
Some controls, defined during the configuration stage, can be independent of the bay control mode: it means
they can be issued from any control points whatever was the current control mode. Controls from
configurable automation (ISaGRAF) are accepted in remote mode. For details about the configuration of this
dependency attribute, refer to sections:
 SPC: see section 4.3.7.1

 DPC: see section 4.3.8.1
 SetPoint: see section 4.3.9.3
Whether in Local or Remote mode, the indications transmitted by the bay are always sent to both the SCP
and the RCP.
The function automatic “Forcing of Invalid BI” is used to avoid processing the invalid states of the bay mode
(the local or remote substituted state is defined in configuration). The “Forced Local” state is processed as
the “Local” state. The “Forced Remote” state is processed as the “Remote” state.

To enable Local/Remote bay facilities:
 add the optional datapoints Local/remote DPS (1) and/or Loc/rem ctrl DPC (2), at bay level from the
contextual Objects entry window

 if necessary, do not forget to link the control of the Local/remote with the Local/remote status datapoint
using the has for feedback relation.
Figure 240: Defining a Local/Remote datapoint for bay

Hereafter, the term "wired" means that the datapoint must be linked to a C26x's digital input(s).
 If Loc/rem ctrl DPC is present, then Local/remote DPS must be present (it is its feedback).
 If Local/remote DPS is not wired, then Loc/rem ctrl DPC is not required but, if it is nevertheless
present, it must NOT be wired.
 If Local/remote DPS is wired, then Loc/rem ctrl DPC is not required but, if it is nevertheless present,
it MUST be wired.
 If, under a Bay, a "DPC" or "SPC" datapoint has its attribute bay mode dependency set to "Yes",
then the Bay Local/remote DPS datapoint must be present.
 The Loc/rem ctrl DPC datapoint must have its profile attribute SBO mode set to "Direct Execute" or
Direct Execute with SBO popup.
If a C26x's "GHU200" board has its attribute HMI type set to "Simple", then the Local/remote DPS
datapoints of the bays managed by the same C26x must be all be "Wired" or all "System".
5.1.4.3 DEFINING THE SBMC MODE FOR A BAY

Any electrical bay can be separately switched to SBMC mode (Site Based Maintenance Control mode) using
a dedicated control datapoint (SBMC control SPC). While the bay is in SBMC mode, its datapoints that have
been defined as SBMC-dependent are processed according to different rules:
 While in SBMC mode, an electrical bay does not receive, and therefore does not execute, SBMD-
dependent xPC commands received from the Remote Control Point (RCP), even if the substation is in
remote mode and whatever device manages them.
It is possible, however, to configure some xPC datapoints to be independent of the SBMC mode. For
details about the configuration of the dependency attribute, refer to section Error! Reference source
not found. Error! Reference source not found..
 Whatever the device that manages it, if an indication datapoint belonging to a bay that is in SBMC
mode is configured as SBMC-dependent (in its profile), the Gateway sends the SBMC state defined in
its profile to the RCP. It is, however, still processed normally at the substation control system level (i.e.
none of the processes inside the system are impacted by the state alteration of an indication at the
RCP interface).

For details about the configuration of the dependency attribute, refer to sections:
 SPC: see section 4.3.7.1

 DPC: see section 4.3.8.1
 SetPoint: see section 4.3.9.3
Note:
The SBMC Control SPC/SBMC SPS datapoints only affect SBMC-dependent datapoints attached to the same electrical
bay.
The states of indication datapoints sent to the RCP in SBMC mode are configured in their profile. The
available SBMC states vary depending on the type of datapoint:
SPS SUPPRESSED, SET, RESET
DPS SUPPRESSED, OPEN, CLOSE, JAMMED
MPS SUPPRESSED, UNDEFINED
MV, TPI and Counter SUPPRESSED
To enable the SBMC function at bay level:
 add the optional datapoints ‘SBMC SPS’ (1) and ‘SBMC control SPC’ (2), from the contextual Objects
entry window at bay level,

 do not forget to link the control of the SBMC with the SBMC status datapoint using a has for
feedback relation,
(2)
(1)
Figure 241: Defining the SBMC mode for a bay

 If SBMC SPS is present, then SBMC control SPC must be present

 If SBMC control SPC is present, then SBMC SPS must be present
 If SBMC control SPC is present, then its attribute bay mode dependency must be set to "No"
 If a "DPC" or "SPC" datapoint has its attribute SBMC mode dependency set to "Yes", then the SBMC
SPS datapoint must be present
 If a "DPS" or "SPS" datapoint has the attribute SBMC dependent of its profile set to "Yes", then the
"SBMC SPS" datapoint must be present
5.1.4.4 ADDING A USER FUNCTION TO A BAY

To add a user function to a bay, select the bay level and add the user function from the contextual Objects
entry window.
For more details about user functions usage and configuration, see section 5.7 Defining an electrical
Figure 242: Adding a user function to bay
5.1.5 DEFINING A MODULE

This section covers general module configuration. The configuration of specific module types is described in
the relevant sections further down.
At ‘bay’ level, several ‘module’ objects can be implicitly or explicitly added. A module generally corresponds
to a substation electrical plant: transformer, circuit-breaker, etc.. It can have its own Order running SPS.
To explicitly create a module:
 Select the bay level (1) and add a typed module from the contextual Objects entry window
For an implicit or explicit module:
 Update the module attributes (see the following sections)

Figure 243: Explicitly adding a typed module
When adding a module, some general attributes must be updated:

(1) short name and long name of the module used for logging, alarms ...
(2) node reference, used for electrical topology definition. For details about this attribute, see section
4.3.8.1 Defining the electrical topology for an ATCC function.
(1)
(2)
Figure 244: Setting the general attributes of a generic module
Typed module features

Using a typed module narrows down the configuration of the module. All the available typed modules with
their main configuration features are listed below:
 Capacitor, Inductor:
 Specific attribute ‘reactive power value’ (in MVA).
 Non-lockable module
 Converter, generator, motor:

 Non-lockable module
 Transformer:
 Lockable module

 Supports the Tap changer built-in function

 Supports the ATCC built-in function
 Circuit-breaker module:
 Lockable module
 Supports synchrocheck and auto-recloser built-in functions
 Supports withdrawing if the circuit-breaker is withdrawable
 Switchgear module
 Lockable module
 Supports withdrawing if the switchgear is withdrawable
 External line:
 Only support SPS and DPS assignment
 Generic module:
 Lockable module
 Used for plant items other than the above typed modules
Some modules (circuit-breaker, switchgear, converter) support the Operating MV datapoint in addition to the
Module MV datapoint. This is used in particular to represent a state (operation) counter from a third-party
IED.
5.1.5.1 ADDING A MODULE GENERIC DATAPOINT

To add a typed datapoint to a module, select the module level and add the typed datapoint from the
contextual Objects entry window. The generic datapoints (standard use) out of the specific module
functions' scope are listed below:
 Group computation (see section 5.7.1 Defining a group).

 Locking module (see section 5.1.5.3 Defining a lockable module).
 Specific features and configuration of typed modules (see following sections).
Figure 245: Adding a module generic datapoint (example for a generator module)

5.1.5.2 ADDING A USER FUNCTION TO A MODULE

To add a user function to a module, select the module level and add the user function from the contextual
Objects entry window.
For more details about user function use and configuration, see section 5.7 Defining an electrical regulation
by user function.
Modules do not support the ISaGRAF function.
Figure 246: Assigning a user function to a module (example for generator module)
5.1.5.3 DEFINING A LOCKABLE MODULE

In the DS Agile system, module locking is a system function running on the C26x that manages the bay
containing the module.
After a module has been locked, any subsequent control command it receives is denied. Locking is checked
during control sequence processing at C26x level.
Only the following module types are lockable:
 Circuit-breaker,
 Switchgear,
 Transformer,
 Generic module.
To set such a module as lockable:
 Add the pre-defined SPS datapoint Lock SPS at module level (1) and configure it (see section 4
Defining a datapoint),
 Add the pre-defined SPC datapoint Lock control SPC at module level (2) and configure it (see
section 4 Defining a datapoint),
 Define Lock SPS as feedback for Lock control SPC by adding and filling in the has for feedback
relation at the SPC level (see section 4.3.7.2 Defining an SPC feedback).

Figure 247: Defining a lockable module
Lock SPS and Lock control SPC are datapoints fed and controlled directly by the C26x that manages the
module. They cannot be wired.
 Lock control SPC must have Lock SPS for feedback.

5.1.5.4 DEFINING A WITHDRAWABLE CIRCUIT-BREAKER OR SWITCHGEAR
To define a withdrawable circuit-breaker or switchgear:
 add the pre-defined SPS ‘Withdrawn’ at module level

 configure it (see section 4 Defining a datapoint)
The Withdrawn state information is useful for bay mimic animation on the C26x front panel LCD. For more
details, see section 6.3 Defining a C26x Bay mimic.
Figure 248: Defining a withdrawable module (example for a circuit breaker)

5.1.5.5 DEFINING A CIRCUIT-BREAKER

This section covers the general features of circuit-breakers and their associated input and output datapoints
at the C26x level.
If the circuit-breaker is synchronized by an internal or external synchrocheck, there are extra datapoints. For
more details see section 5.2 Defining a Synchrocheck function.
The general features of modules are described in section 5.1.5 Defining a Module. They are applicable to the
circuit-breaker module and not discussed here.
When adding a circuit-breaker module, the following specific general attribute must be updated:
Circuit-breaker type:
"Single phase" (single-pole) "Triple phase" (three-pole) Others
The 3 poles can be operated independently The 3 poles can only be operated together Obsolete CBs
Figure 249: Setting the circuit-breaker type
The tables below give the inputs and outputs of the circuit breaker functions controlled by the C26x for three-
pole and single-pole circuit-breakers. The SCE label of each datapoint is assigned a number for reference in
the figure below.
When creating a circuit breaker module, either implicitly or explicitly (section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay), the
mandatory pre-defined DPS computed switch position (22) is automatically created.

To correctly configure a circuit-breaker module:
 add the relevant datapoints according to the tables below,

 do not forget to link the control(s) (1), (11) or (13) of the circuit breaker to the computed switch
position (22) datapoint with the has for feedback relation,.
Three-pole circuit-breaker
OUTPUTS FOR TYPE
OUTPUTS FOR TYPE A CB INPUTS FOR BOTH TYPES OF CB
B CB (iv)
(9) DPS or (21) SPS: physical position of
(13) SPC: device open the device (1 pole)
DEVICE (1) DPC: device open/close control (16) SPS (optional): pole discrepancy (ph
CONTROL control (11) SPC: device close not together) indication
control (22) system DPS the feedback of the
control (i)
DEVICE
(10) SPC (optional): device (10) SPC (optional): (20) SPS (optional): device selection
SELECTION
selection control device selection control position indication
(HARDWARE)
Single-pole circuit-breaker
OUTPUTS FOR TYPE
OUTPUTS FOR TYPE A CB INPUTS FOR BOTH TYPES OF CB
B CB (iv)
(17) SPS or (6) DPS: physical position of
(2) DPC: control for phase A
open phase A
(3) DPC: control for phase B
DEVICE (1) DPC: device open/close open phase B (pulse)
CONTROL control (4) DPC: control for phase C
open phase C
(16) system SPS ph not together indication
(1) DPC: control for (ii)
close of device
(22) system DPS: control feedback (iii)
DEVICE (10) SPC/DPC
(10) SPC (optional): device (20) SPS (optional): device selection
SELECTION (optional): device
selection control position information
(HARDWARE) selection control
 (i) The computed double signal is equal to the state of the CB auxiliary contacts when there is
no pole discrepancy, i.e. if the value of ph not together is false, otherwise the computed signal is
equal to jammed.
 (ii) The computed ph not together signal is equal to false if all the poles are in the same open
or closed position. It is equal to true when a pole discrepancy is detected.
 (iii) The computed signal is equal to the state of phase A if the state of ph not together is equal
to “false” (i.e. no pole discrepancy is detected), otherwise the computed signal is equal to “jammed”.
 (iv) The SPCs are not seen by the other IEC 61850-8-1 units

Figure 250: Available pre-defined datapoints for a circuit-breaker

 The datapoints Switch Ctrl DPC and Switch Ctrl SPC are mutually exclusive. Neither is mandatory.
 If the physical position of the device is given by an SPS (21), the ph not together indication (16) must
be configured.
 Set 1: {Switch phA DPC, Switch phB DPC, Switch phC DPC}
Set 2: {Switch phA SPC, Switch phB SPC, Switch phC SPC}
Set 3: {Switch phA pos. DPS, Switch phB pos. DPS, Switch phC pos. DPS}
Set 4: {Switch phA pos. SPS, Switch phB pos. SPS, Switch phC pos. SPS}
If the circuit-breaker type is set to "Single phase CircuitBreaker", then:

- in a set, if a datapoint is present for one phase, then the other two must be present as well.
- the datapoints of sets (1) and (2) are mutually exclusive.
- if the datapoint Switchgear pos. is present, but none of the three datapoints Switch PhA pos,
Switch PhB pos, and Switch PhC pos are, then the SPS datapoint Ph not together must be
defined.
 The Selection SPC datapoint must have its profile attribute SBO mode set to "Direct Execute" or
Direct Execute with SBO popup
Control sequence for non-synchronized circuit breakers
Circuit breakers units are managed in “direct execute mode” and in “SBO once mode”. Refer to the generic
description.
Control sequence for synchronized circuit breakers
See section 5.2 Defining a Synchrocheck function.
5.1.5.6 DEFINING A SWITCHING DEVICE

This section covers the general features of switchgear and their associated input and output datapoints at
the C26x level.
The general features of modules are described in section 5.1.5 Defining a Module. They are applicable to
switchgear modules and not discussed here.
When adding a switchgear module, the following specific general attribute must be updated:
 Switchgear type:
The available values are:
 Busbar disconnector (e.g. S3, S4, S7, S8)
 Disconnector (e.g. S11)
 Bypass disconnector (e.g. S18 to S20)
 Transfer busbar disconnector (e.g. S13)
 Earth switch (e.g. S5, S6, S9, S10, S12, S14, S17)

Figure 251: Setting the type of switchgear
Figure 252: Types of switchgear in various substation architectures
The table below gives the inputs and outputs of the switchgear functions controlled by the C26x. The SCE
label of each datapoint is assigned a number for reference in the figure below.

To correctly configure a switchgear module:
 add the relevant datapoints, according to the table below,

 do not forget to link the control (3) of the switchgear (if it exists) to the switch position datapoint (1) or
(5) with the has for feedback relation.
Switchgear
OUTPUTS TYPE A INPUTS CB ALL TYPES
(3) DPC control for open/close of (1) DPS or (5) SPS physical position of
DEVICE CONTROL
device the device (1 phase)
DEVICE SELECTION (2) SPC (optional) control of device (4) SPS (optional) device selection
(HARDWARE) selection position information
Figure 253: Available pre-defined datapoints for a switching device
Control sequence for switchgear

Switchgear units are managed in “direct execute mode” and in “SBO once mode”. Refer to the relevant
generic description.
5.1.5.7 DEFINING A TRANSFORMER

This section covers the general features of transformers and their associated input and output datapoints at
the C26x level.
The general features of modules are described in section 5.1.5 Defining a Module. They are applicable to
transformer modules and not discussed here.
When a transformer bay is created (see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay), a a transformer module is implicitly
added and the following general attribute must be updated:
(1) transformer type:
 Double wound: a double wound (or two-winding) transformer is a transformer with galvanic
isolation between its primary and secondary coils. The Tap Changer (with additional winding) is
usually located at the HV-neutral side for economic reasons. Tapping-up (raise command) reduces
the width of the primary winding and increases the LV voltage.

 Auto transformer: an auto transformer (or auto-wound, or single wound) is a transformer without
galvanic isolation between its primary and secondary windings. The secondary winding follows the
primary winding (windings are linked in series). The Tap Changer (with the tap on a separate
winding) is mounted in series. Increasing the tap position (raise command) acts simultaneously on
the primary and secondary windings, it reduces the transformer ratio and therefore the voltage on
the LV side. Thus the raise order must be inverted (considered as a lower command) for this type
of transformers.
(2) power value (range [1 to 300 MVA), used for ATCC regulation
(3) impedance, whose unit is a percentage of the value for S=100 MVA (range [0.01 to 24.99 in steps of
0.01) , used for ATCC regulation
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 254: Setting the type of transformer
The transformer is used for coupling two voltage levels. Because the SCE's data modeling is based on
electrical partitioning, this transformer must belong to a transformer bay arbitrarily placed in either voltage
level (usually the primary voltage level). An extra relation must be defined on the transformer to indicate
which voltage level its other side (secondary or primary) belongs to.
To create such a relation:
 Add the correct relation at transformer level

 Fill in the relation with the relevant voltage level
Figure 255: Linking the primary/secondary sides of a transformer
When adding a transformer, some optional datapoints can be created at module level and they must be
configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint):
(1) MCB position DPS: used for the ATCC function (see section 5.5) to give the position of the Mini
Circuit-Breaker associated with the tap-changer, using a DPS datapoint

(2) MCB position SPS: used for the ATCC function (see section 5.5)
Figure 256: Optional datapoints for a transformer
When it exists, the tap position of a transformer is controlled by a specific built-in Tap changer function
available at transformer module level. For details about transformer control using the tap changer function,
see section 0
Defining a Tap changer built-in function.

5.2 DEFINING A SYNCHROCHECK FUNCTION
5.2.1 CIRCUIT-BREAKER DEFINITION FOR SYNCHROCHECK
Figure 257: Available pre-defined datapoints for a circuit-breaker with SC

Figure 258: Common pre-defined datapoints for synchrocheck
The tables below give the inputs and outputs of the circuit breaker functions controlled by the C26x for three-
pole and single-pole circuit-breakers, with regards to the synchrocheck function. The SCE label of each
datapoint is assigned a number for reference in the above figures.
These tables complement those described in section 5.1.5.5 Defining a circuit-breaker. To correctly
configure a circuit-breaker module with synchrocheck:
 add the relevant datapoints according to the tables below.

 do not forget to link the control(s) (1), (11) or (10) of the circuit-breaker to the computed switch position
(21) datapoint with the has for feedback relation.
 link the circuit-breaker to an existing synchrocheck function created at bay or substation level. This link
is placed at synchrocheck level (for details see 5.2.2 Creating a synchrocheck function). Up to 2 circuit
breakers can be linked to the same standard (type 1 or 2) internal synchrocheck and 3 for "breaker-
and-a-half" (type 3) arrangements.
 correctly configure the function itself (see 5.2.2 Creating a synchrocheck function).

Three-pole circuit-breaker with synchrocheck

OUTPUTS FOR TYPE B CB INPUTS FOR BOTH TYPES
OUTPUTS FOR TYPE A CB
(iv) OF CB
(8) DPS or (20) SPS: physical
position of the device (1 pole)
(1) DPC: device open/close (12) SPC: device open control
control (15) SPS (optional): pole
(10) SPC: device close control
Device control discrepancy (ph not together)
(14) SPC: close with (14) SPC: close with indication
synchrocheck control synchrocheck control
(21) system DPS: feedback of
the control (i)
Device selection (9) SPC (optional): device (9) SPC (optional): device (19) SPS (optional): device
(hardware) selection control selection control selection position indication
(24) SPS or (25) DPS
Enable/disable close (22) SPC or (23) DPC (22) SPC or (23) DPC
(optional for external S/C):
with synchrocheck (optional): synchrocheck (optional): synchrocheck
synchrocheck scheme on/off
schemes scheme on/off control scheme on/off control
indication
Enable/disable
synchrocheck function (26) SPC: synchrocheck (26) SPC: synchrocheck (27) SPS: synchrocheck
(for a specific CB in CB- function on/off control for function on/off control for function on/off control for
1/2 topology) (internal specific CB (1, 2 or 3) specific CB (1, 2 or 3) specific CB (1, 2 or 3)
S/C only) (vi)
Single-pole circuit-breaker with synchrocheck

OUTPUTS FOR TYPE A OUTPUTS FOR TYPE B CB
INPUTS BOTH TYPES OF CB
CB (iv)
(16) SPS or (5) DPS: physical
position of phase A
(2) DPC: open phase A control (17) SPS or (6) DPS: physical
(1) DPC: device (3) DPC: open phase B control position of phase B
open/close control (4) DPC: open phase C control (18) SPS or (7) DPS: physical
Device control
(14) SPC: close control (1) DPC: close of device control position of phase C
with synchrocheck (15) system SPS: ph not
(14) SPC: close with
synchrocheck control together indication (ii)
(21) system DPS: control
feedback (iii)
Device selection (9) SPC: (optional) (9) SPC (optional): device (19) SPS (optional): device
(hardware) device selection control selection control selection position indication
(24) SPS or (25) DPS:
(22) SPC or (23) DPC: (22) SPC/(23) DPC: (optional)
Enable/disable close with (optional for external S/C)
(optional) synchrocheck synchrocheck scheme on/off
synchrocheck schemes (v) synchrocheck scheme on/off
scheme on/off control control
indication
Enable/disable synchrocheck
(26) SPC: synchrocheck (26) SPC: synchrocheck (27) SPS: synchrocheck
function (for a specific CB in
function on/off control for function on/off control for function on/off control for
CB-1/2 topology) (internal
specific CB (1, 2 or 3) specific CB (1, 2 or 3) specific CB (1, 2 or 3)
S/C only) (vi)
(i) The computed double signal is equal to the state of the CB auxiliary contacts when there is
no pole discrepancy, i.e. if the value of ph not together is false, otherwise the computed
signal is equal to jammed.
(ii) The computed ph not together signal is equal to false if all the poles are in the same open
or closed position. It is equal to true when a pole discrepancy is detected.

(iii) The computed signal is equal to the state of phase A if the state of ph not together is equal
to “false” (i.e. no pole discrepancy is detected), otherwise the computed signal is equal to
“jammed”.
(iv) Only a DPC close is seen by the other IEC 61850-8-1 units:
- To open the CB they send a “DPC close” with an “open” request
- To close the CB they send a “DPC close” with a “close” request
(v) Wired SPC and SPS for external synchrocheck and system SPC and SPS for internal
synchrocheck. If not configured, the external synchrocheck module or the internal
synchrocheck function is considered as permanently disabled. DPC & DPS are used only for
manual synchrocheck.
(vi) on/off main2 SPx and on/off main3 SPx are only available for Synchrocheck type 3
function (breaker-and-a-half topology).
The mandatory Comp. swit. pos. DPS is implicitely created at circuit-breaker level. It cannot be deleted.
 The datapoints Switch Ctrl DPC and Switch Ctrl SPC are mutually exclusive.
 If the physical position of the device is given by an SPS (21), the ph not together indication (15) must
be configured.
 Set 1: {Switch phA DPC, Switch phB DPC, Switch phC DPC}
Set 2: {Switch phA SPC, Switch phB SPC, Switch phC SPC}
Set 3: {Switch phA pos. DPS, Switch phB pos. DPS, Switch phC pos. DPS}
Set 4: {Switch phA pos. SPS, Switch phB pos. SPS, Switch phC pos. SPS}
If the circuit-breaker type is set to "Single phase CircuitBreaker", then:

- in a set, if a datapoint is present for one phase, then the other two must be present as well.
- if the datapoint Switchgear pos. is present, but none of the three datapoints Switch PhA pos,
Switch PhB pos, and Switch PhC pos are, then the SPS datapoint Ph not together must be
defined.
If the circuit-breaker type is set to "Triple phase CircuitBreaker", then no SPC/DPC referencing a
phase (phA, phB or phC) is allowed.
 A Circuit Breaker may only be linked once to a Synchrocheck function (relation is synchrocheck of).
 If a Circuit Breaker is linked to an automatic Synchrocheck function (relation is synchrocheck of),
then its Sync CB close SPC datapoint must be present.
 The Sync CB close datapoint of a Circuit breaker linked to an Ext manual CS or Int synchrocheck
synchrocheck must have its profile attribute Control mode set to "Direct Execute" or Direct Execute
with SBO popup.
 The Sync CB close datapoint of a Circuit breaker linked to an Ext auto CS synchrocheck must have
its profile attribute Control mode set to "SBO Operate Once.
 The Sync CB close datapoint of a Circuit breaker linked to an internal automatic synchrocheck must
have its profile attribute Order off set to "No. (Setting it to Yes would be nonsensical and as a result
the control popup would freeze.)
“Open” control sequence for synchronized circuit breakers
This sequence is identical to the sequence for non-synchronized circuit-breakers (see section
5.1.5.5 Defining a circuit-breaker).

“Close” control sequence for synchronized circuit breakers

This sequence varies depending on the type of synchrocheck configured:
 External synchrocheck: the CB is closed by an external synchrocheck module.

 Internal synchrocheck: the CB is closed by a C26x internal synchrocheck function
The close control sequence can be defined with:
 Manual activation of the external synchrocheck module or internal synchrocheck function.

 Automatic activation of the external synchrocheck module or internal synchrocheck function.
Furthermore, while waiting for the external module to close the CB, the initiator of the request can:
 Cancel the request.

 Force the closing of the device.
5.2.2 CREATING A SYNCHROCHECK FUNCTION

The synchrocheck function can be created at several levels of the electrical topology:
 Substation level, if the synchrocheck function is shared by several breakers

 Bay level:
 if the synchrocheck function is dedicated to a particular breaker of the bay,
 if the synchrocheck function is shared by 2 breakers in 2 different bays managed by the same
C26x,
 if the synchrocheck function manages a "breaker-and-a-half" arrangement.
To add a synchrocheck function, select the substation or bay level. At substation level, select Built-in function
un the contextual Objects entry window, expand it and double-click on Ext manual CS (external manual
synchrocheck, only available synchrocheck option at this level). At bay level, scroll down to Built-in function,
expand it, select Synchrocheck Built-in function and expand it. Double-click on the appropriate function:
 Ext auto CS: External automatic synchrocheck

 Ext manu CS bay: External manual synchrocheck
 Internal auto CS: Internal automatic synchrocheck
 Intermal manu1-2: Internal manual synchrocheck for standard topology
 Internal manu3: Internal manual synchrocheck for breaker-and-a-half topology
Synchrocheck functions can only be added to the following typed bays:
 Busbar,
 Bus coupler,
 Bus section,
 Feeder,
 Transformer,
 Generic bay.

5.2.2.1 INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK AUTOMATION

There are several types of internal synchrocheck:
(1) Internal automatic synchrocheck
(2) Internal manual synchrocheck for standard topology
(3) Internal manual synchrocheck for breaker-and-a-half topology
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 259: Adding a synchrocheck function at bay level (example for a feeder)
Principle
The above three types of internal synchrocheck can be used in conjunction with the following schemes:
Close with synchro Autorecloser
Close scheme
scheme (types 1 and 2)
Power system locking for live line - live
X X X
bus + delta checks
Power system coupling for live line - live
X
bus + delta checks
Live line - dead bus X X X
Dead line - live bus X X X
Dead line - dead bus X X X
The authorized schemes are defined during the configuration process. The behaviour of manual close with
synchrocheck is described in the following sections.
5.2.2.1.1 Internal synchrocheck function for standard CB topology (types 1 and 2)

5.2.2.1.1.1 Datapoints
When adding an internal synchrocheck, a number of mandatory system datapoints are automatically created
at function level and must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint). They give information about
internal synchrocheck context (both voltage presences and absences) and statuses. They are managed by
the C26x that runs the internal synchrocheck.

 Close order: Transient SPS, SET when a coupling close command is issued
 CS in progress: Transient SPS, SET when a synchronized closure is in progress
 on/off main1 SPC: Enable/disable command for synchrocheck function
 on/off main1 SPS: Permanent SPS, synchrocheck function on/off information
Note:
Do not forget to define on/off main1 SPS as feedback of on/off main1 SPC if they exist, or as the result of an FBD
logic.
 on/off sec. SPS (implicitly created): Permanent SPS, selection of the closing scheme: when the
datapoint is SET, the enabled Close with synchro schemes will be used, when it is RESET, the
Close schemes will be used.
 on/off sec. SPC: Selection of the closing scheme: when the datapoint is SET, the enabled Close with
synchro schemes will be used, when it is RESET, the Close schemes will be used.
 on/off sec. DPC: Selection of the closing scheme: when the datapoint is CLOSED, the enabled Close
with synchro schemes will be used, when it is OPEN, the Close schemes will be used.
The remaining available datapoints depend on the type of selected synchrocheck (type 1 or type 2).
The following datapoints are mandatory for synchrocheck types 1 and 2. They are automatically created
when an Internal manu1-2 synchrocheck function is added to a bay:
 Possible closing SPS: Permanent SPS, in locking mode, SET when all the conditions after delay are
met to authorize synchronized closing
 Ref. U absence SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the reference (usually busbar) voltage is absent,
i.e. the measured voltage is lower than the set threshold bus voltage under threshold (%)
 Ref. U presence SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the reference (usually busbar) voltage is present,
i.e. the measured voltage is higher than the set threshold bus voltage over threshold (%)
 Voltage absence SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the main (usually line) voltage is absent, i.e. the
measured voltage is lower than the set threshold line voltage under threshold (%)
 Voltage presence SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the main (usually line) voltage is present, i.e. the
measured voltage is higher than the set threshold line voltage over threshold (%)
More datapoints can be added from the contextual Objects entry window:
SPS datapoints for S/C types 1 and 2:
 Accept forcing SPS: Permanent SPS, used in conjunction with Synchrocheck bypass via the Accept
forcing DI.
 CS locked: Permanent SPS, SET when the Synchrocheck function is blocked

 Fusion first U: Permanent SPS, fuse failure information for main (usually line) voltage transformer
 Fusion ref U: Permanent SPS, fuse failure information for reference (usually busbar) voltage
transformer

SPS datapoints for S/C type 1 only:
 busbar V choice: Permanent SPS, indicates which busbar input voltage is used, either 0 (RESET) =
busbar 1 or 1 (SET) = busbar 2
 Delta drift: Information on frequency delta drift from Coupling range to Locking range (see
Synchrocheck functional description in chapter C26x/EN FT)
 Locking mode: Permanent SPS, SET when the Locking conditions are met
 Split sync mode: Permanent SPS, SET when Split and Coupling conditions are met
SPS datapoints for S/C type 2 only:
 Bypass: Permanent SPS, when this datapoint is SET, the voltage check is bypassed, i.e. ignored, so
as to allow CB closure.
 Scheme Coupling: State of the closing scheme during coupling conditions

 Scheme LD/BD: State of the closing scheme during dead line/dead bus conditions
 Scheme LD/BL: State of the closing scheme during dead line/ live bus conditions
 Scheme LL/BD: State of the closing scheme during live line/dead bus conditions
 Scheme Locking: State of the closing scheme during locking conditions
5.2.2.1.1.2 Attribute parameters
The default settings for the internal synchrocheck function are dependent on the parameters for the
corresponding automation.
When adding an internal synchrocheck, the following specific attributes must be updated:
General attributes
 automatic out of service (No / Yes)

 SC type: there are two types of internal manual synchrocheck features for standard breaker topology:
 type 1 (standard)
 type 2 (frequency shift-based)
 Check voltage (No / Yes)

Type 1 only:
 drift management: mode used for management of drift between locking and coupling ranges:
 Exclusive mode
 Evolutive mode
 Split mode
 wiring mode: VT connection arrangements on line and busbar sides:

 star on both side
 delta on both side
 star on line – delta on busbar
 delta on line – star on busbar

Type 2 only:
 S filtering value (Hz) (range [0.8 Hz, 1.6 Hz], step 0.1 Hz)
 dS/dt filtering enable (No or Yes)
 dS/dt filtering value (Hz) (range [0.5 Hz, 2 Hz], step 0.1 Hz)
 dS/dt max value (mHz) (range [10 mHz, 50 mHz], step 5 mHz)
Settings
Timers
 T3: absence deltas test duration (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 20 ms)
 T2: presence test duration (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 20 ms)
 T1: presence deltas test duration (locking) (ms) (range [20 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms)
 Ta: close time of the Circuit Breaker (ms) (range [0, 1 s], step 10 ms)
Voltage presence conditions
 line voltage over threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 line voltage under threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 bus voltage over threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 bus voltage under threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
Coupling and locking
Locking parameters
 voltage delta threshold for locking (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn) (1 & 2)
 minimum frequency for locking (Hz) (range [45, 59.5 Hz], step 0.1 Hz) (1 only)
 maximum frequency for locking (Hz) (range [50.5, 66 Hz], step 0.1 Hz) (1 only)
 frequency delta threshold for locking (Hz) (range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz) (1 only)
 phase delta threshold for locking (°) (range [0, 90°], step 1°) (1 & 2)
 frequency shift threshold for locking (%)(range [0.02, 0.1%], step 0.01%) (2 only)

Split parameters (type 1 only)
 voltage diff. drift management split mode (No or Yes)

 min voltage diff. (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 max voltage diff. (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 frequency diff. drift management split mode (No or Yes)
 min frequency diff. (Hz) (range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz)
 max frequency diff. (Hz) (range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz)
 phase diff. drift management split mode (No or Yes): This attribute must be set to Yes if split mode
is used.
 min phase diff. (range [0, -180°], step 1°)

 max phase diff. (range [0, 180°], step 1°)
 time out drift management split mode (range [0, 10000 ms], step 100 ms)
Coupling parameters
 voltage delta threshold for coupling (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn) (1 & 2)
 minimum frequency for coupling (Hz) (range [45, 59.5 Hz], step 0.1 Hz) (1 only)
 maximum frequency for coupling (Hz) (range [50.5, 66 Hz], step 0.1 Hz) (1 only)
 maximum frequency delta threshold for coupling (Hz)

(range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz) (1 only)
 minimum frequency delta threshold for coupling (Hz)

(range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz) (1 only)
 phase delta threshold for coupling (°) (range [0, 90°], step 1°) (1 only)
 frequency shift threshold for locking (%) (range [0.02, 0.1%], step 0.01%) (2 only)
 delay for coupling (s) (range [1 s, 3600 s], step 1 s) (1 & 2)

Used schemes
Close with synchro schemes (types 1 and 2)
 close with synchro: locking and coupling (No or Yes)

 close with synchro: locking (No or Yes)
(only visible if close with synchro: locking and coupling is set to No)
 close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Live (No or Yes)
 close with synchro: Line Live and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close with synchro: delay (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms)

Close schemes (types 1 and 2)
 close: locking (No or Yes)

 close: Line Dead and Bus Live (No or Yes)
 close: Line Live and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close: Line Dead and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close: delay (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms)
AutoRecloser schemes (types 1 and 2)
 autoRecloser: locking (No or Yes) (1 & 2)
 autoRecloser: Line Dead and Bus Live (No or Yes) (1 & 2)
 autoRecloser: Line Live and Bus Dead (No or Yes) (1 & 2)
 autoRecloser: Line Dead and Bus Dead (No or Yes) (1 & 2)
 autoRecloser: delay (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms) (1 & 2)
Figure 260: Setting the used schemes attributes of an internal synchrocheck function (types 1 and 2)

5.2.2.1.2 Internal synchrocheck function for breaker-and-a-half topology (type 3)

5.2.2.1.2.1 Datapoints
When adding a type 3 internal synchrocheck, a number of mandatory system datapoints are automatically
created at function level and must be configured. They give information about internal synchrocheck context
(both voltage presences and absences) and statuses. They are managed by the C26x that runs the internal
synchrocheck.
 CBx Poss. clos. SPS: Permanent SPS, in locking mode, SET when all the conditions after delay are
met to authorize synchronized closing
 CBx Ref. U abs. SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the reference (usually busbar) voltage is absent,
i.e. the measured voltage is lower than the set threshold bus voltage under threshold (%)
 CBx Ref. U pres. SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the reference (usually busbar) voltage is present,
i.e. the measured voltage is higher than the set threshold bus voltage over threshold (%)
 CBx Voltage abs. SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the main (usually line) voltage is absent, i.e. the
measured voltage is lower than the set threshold line voltage under threshold (%)
 CBx Voltage pres. SPS: Permanent SPS, SET when the main (usually line) voltage is present, i.e.
the measured voltage is higher than the set threshold line voltage over threshold (%)
 Close order: Transient SPS, set when a close command is issued

 CS in progress: Permanent SPS, SET when a synchronized closure is in progress
 on/off main1 SPC: Enable/disable synchrocheck function for CB1
 on/off main1 SPS: Permanent SPS, synchrocheck function on/off information for CB1
 on/off sec. SPS: Permanent SPS, selection of the closing scheme: when the datapoint is SET, the
enabled Close with synchro schemes will be used, when it is RESET, the Close schemes will be
used.
More datapoints can be added from the contextual Objects entry window:

Note:
Do not forget to define on/off mainx SPS as feedback of on/off mainx SPC if they exist, or as the result of an FBD
logic.
 on/off sec. SPC: Selection of the closing scheme: when the datapoint is SET, the enabled Close with
synchro schemes will be used, when it is RESET, the Close schemes will be used.
 on/off sec. DPC: Selection of the closing scheme: when the datapoint is CLOSED, the enabled Close
with synchro schemes will be used, when it is OPEN, the Close schemes will be used.
 Delta drift: Information on frequency delta drift from Coupling range to Locking range (see
Synchrocheck functional description in chapter C26x/EN FT)

For each of the three circuit-breakers, 4 SPS datapoints are available, each indicating a possible VT
connection:
 CBx with VT-B1: Voltage transformer selection SPS

 CBx with VT-B2: Voltage transformer selection SPS
 CBx with VT-L1: Voltage transformer selection SPS
 CBx with VT-L2: Voltage transformer selection SPS
All 4 datapoints must be defined for each circuit-breaker.
The VT and SPS combinations are described in chapter C26x/EN FT.
5.2.2.1.2.2 Attribute parameters
The default settings for the internal synchrocheck function are dependent on the parameters for the
corresponding automation.
When adding an internal synchrocheck, the following specific attributes must be updated:
General attributes
 automatic out of service (No / Yes)

 Check voltage (No / Yes)
Settings
The parameters of each CB are set separately in 3 dedicated tab-panes.
Timers
 T3: absence deltas test duration (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 20 ms)
 T2: presence test duration (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 20 ms)
 T1: presence deltas test duration (locking) (ms) (range [20 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms)
 Ta: close time of the Circuit Breaker (ms) (range [0, 1 s], step 10 ms)
Voltage presence conditions
 line voltage over threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 line voltage under threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 bus voltage over threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 bus voltage under threshold (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)

Locking parameters
 voltage delta threshold for locking (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 minimum frequency for locking (Hz) (range [45, 59.5 Hz], step 0.1 Hz)
 maximum frequency for locking (Hz) (range [50.5, 66 Hz], step 0.1 Hz)
 frequency delta threshold for locking (Hz) (range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz)
 phase delta threshold for locking (°) (range [0, 90°], step 1°)
Coupling parameters
 voltage delta threshold for coupling (%) (range [0, 100% Vn], step 1% Vn)
 minimum frequency for coupling (Hz) (range [45, 59.5 Hz], step 0.1 Hz)
 maximum frequency for coupling (Hz) (range [50.5, 66 Hz], step 0.1 Hz)
 maximum frequency delta threshold for coupling (Hz)
(range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz)
 minimum frequency delta threshold for coupling (Hz)

(range [0, 1 Hz], step 0.01 Hz)
 delay for coupling (s) (range [1 s, 3600 s], step 1 s)

Close with synchro schemes
 close with synchro: locking and coupling (No or Yes)

 close with synchro: locking (No or Yes)
(only visible if close with synchro: locking and coupling is set to No)
 close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Live (No or Yes)
 close with synchro: Line Live and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close with synchro: delay (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms)
Close schemes
 close: locking (No or Yes)

 close: Line Dead and Bus Live (No or Yes)
 close: Line Live and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close: Line Dead and Bus Dead (No or Yes)
 close: delay (ms) (range [200 ms, 10 s], step 10 ms)

Figure 261: Setting the attributes of an internal synchrocheck function (type 3)

5.2.2.1.3 General rules for CB datapoint configuration

The difference between the automatic synchrocheck and the manual synchrocheck is in the way it is set up:
The Internal Manual S/C function uses the datapoint on/off sec. SPC/DPC to enable (if SET) or disable (if
RESET) the use of the set synchronizing schemes to authorise closing whereas the Internal Automatic S/C
function automatically sets on/off sec. SPC/DPC to SET and uses the Sync CB Close SPC to issue the
close command.
Automatic Synchrocheck Manual Synchrocheck
The 4 SPS datapoints that give the dead/live status for busbar/line must have a profile with initial
status = RESET
Synchrocheck on/off sec. SPC/DPC with on/off sec. SPS/DPS for
on/off sec. SPS: profile with initial status =
feedback (no need to have initial status = SET; it
SET
depends on the customer’s requirements)
The Sync CB Close SPC has no There is no Sync CB Close SPC.
IEC 61850-8-1 address. It is used to set the - When on/off sec. SPS/DPS is SET, Switch Ctrl DPC
synchrocheck bits in the IEC 61850-8-1 is considered to be “close with synchrocheck”
command message.
- When on/off sec. SPS is RESET, Switch Ctrl DPC is
The profile for the Sync CB Close SPC must considered to be “close without synchrocheck”
Circuit-Breaker be the same as for Switch Ctrl DPC with
regards to DE/SBO. They must also be This does not mean “synchrocheck bypass” in live
controlled by the same pop-up. line, live bus conditions: Locking conditions are
evaluated according to the configured permissions.
The SCADA address of the “close with
synchrocheck” command is an SPC SCADA The SCADA address of the “close with synchrocheck”
address. command is a DPC SCADA address.
 As shown in the diagram below, under a Synchrocheck function, some datapoints are mutually
exclusive and some must be wired. Here, "wired" means that the datapoint must be linked to a
digital/analog channel of a C26x, or linked to an IED address
Substation
Ext manual CS
on/off sec. DPC
on/off sec. SPC mutually exclusive + wired
on/off sec. DPS
on/off sec. SPS mutually exclusive
Feeder
Ext auto CS
on/off sec. DPC
on/off sec. SPC mutually exclusive
on/off sec. DPS
on/off sec. SPS mutually exclusive
Ext manual CS
on/off sec. DPC mutually exclusive + wired
on/off sec. SPC
on/off sec. DPS
mutually exclusive
on/off sec. SPS
(A) automatic out of service - Yes
Internal synchrocheck
- No
on/off sec. DPC
mutually exclusive
on/off sec. SPC
on/off sec. SPS

 For an internal synchrocheck function, having its automatic out of service attribute set to the Yes,
the on/off sec. DPC or on/off sec. SPC datapoint must be present.
 The on/off sec. DPC or on/off sec. SPC datapoint for internal synchrocheck must have its profile
attribute SBO mode set to Direct Execute or Direct Execute with SBO popup
5.2.2.2 EXTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK

5.2.2.2.1 Datapoints
External synchrocheck has equivalent datapoints and settings for the three available functions:
(1) Ext manual CS: manual external synchrocheck at substation level
(2) Ext auto CS: automatic synchrocheck at bay level
(3) Ext manu CS Bay: manual synchrocheck at bay level
At substation level, only ‘external manual synchrocheck’ is available:
Figure 262: Adding an external synchrocheck function at substation level
At bay level, two types of external synchrocheck functions are available: manual and automatic.
(2)
(3)
Figure 263: Adding an external synchrocheck function at bay level

Select the substation or bay and insert the relevant external manual synchrocheck field from the contextual
Objects entry window, under Synchrocheck Built-in function. When adding an external synchrocheck
function, no compulsory datapoint is implicitely created. Five functional datapoints are available that can be
added from the contextual Objects entry window:
(1) Accept forcing SPS: Permanent SPS, used in conjuction with Synchrocheck bypass via the Accept
forcing DI.
(2) on/off sec. SPS: global in/out of service status of the synchrocheck function via an SPS
(3) on/off sec. DPC: globally enable/disable the synchrocheck function via a DPC
(4) on/off sec. DPS (external synchrocheck only): global in/out of service status of the synchrocheck
function via a DPS
(5) on/off sec. SPC: globally enable/disable the synchrocheck function via an SPC
Do not forget to define on/off sec. SPS/DPS as feedback of on/off sec. SPC/DPC if they exist.
Figure 264: Synchrocheck optional datapoints
Note:
Automatic synchrocheck offers the possibility to automatically select the default closing schemes. It has no relation to
automatic reclosing of circuit-breakers upon electrical faults.
5.2.2.2.2 Attribute parameters

Once added, external synchrocheck general features must be set at SCE level:
(1) Fill in the relation is synchrocheck of, indicating which circuit-breaker module is concerned by the
function. For substation synchrocheck, several relations is synchrocheck of can be added and filled
in for all the circuit-breakers managed by the same synchrocheck. For bay synchrocheck, one or two
relations is synchrocheck of can be filled in for the circuit-breakers of two different bays.
Nevertheless, these bays must be managed by the same C26x, and the same synchrocheck
parameters will be used to close both circuit-breakers.
(2) short name and long name of the synchrocheck used for logging, alarms ...
(3) automatic out of service (No / Yes): defines whether the synchrocheck is disabled manually (No) or
automatically (Yes). When it is manually disabled, an extra sequence is performed by the C26x (see
above sections). For automatic synchrocheck, it is fixed to Yes.
(4) running time (range [0, 60s], step 1 s): it is visible when automatic out of service is set to Yes. It
corresponds to a time-delay before disabling the synchrocheck after a successful or unsuccessful
close command of the synchronized breaker.

Figure 265: Setting synchrocheck general features (example for an external automatic synchrocheck at bay
level)
5.3 DEFINING AN AUTO-RECLOSER BUILT-IN FUNCTION
5.3.1 AUTO-RECLOSER BEHAVIOUR

The Auto–Recloser built-in function is described in section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
5.3.2 CREATING AN AUTO-RECLOSER FUNCTION

To add an auto-recloser function, select the bay level and add the auto-recloser function from the contextual
Only the following typed bays allow the creation of an auto-recloser function:
 Busbar,
 Bus coupler,
 Bus section,
 Feeder,
 Transformer,
 Generic bay.
Figure 266: Adding an auto-recloser (type 1) at bay level

Once added, auto-recloser general features must be set at SCE level:

(1) Fill in the relation is auto-recloser of, indicating with which circuit-breaker module the function is
associated.
(2) short name and long name of the auto-recloser used for logging, alarms ...
(3) functioning mode (1 ph trip) (Not used / 1P / 1P-3P / 1P-3P-3P / 1P-3P-3P-3P): useable only for
single phase circuit-breaker. Up to 4 cycles where the first one is single phase and the others three
phase.
(4) functioning mode (3 ph trip) (Not used / 3P / 3P-3P / 3P-3P-3P / 3P-3P-3P-3P): useable for single
and triple phase circuit-breaker. Up to 4 cycles where all are three phase.
(5) unlocking way (Not used / Reinitialisation / Manual close / Both ways). For details refer to the
functional description of ‘lock of auto-recloser’ in section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(6) Fast 3 P reclose enable (No / Yes): if a synchrocheck exists for the breaker, auto-recloser can
bypass it during the 3-phases first cycle if the attribute is set to ‘Yes’.
(7) 1st period monophased (range [100 ms, 5 s], step 10 ms): time-delay for the first single-pole shot.
(8) 1st period triphased (range [1 s, 60 s], step 10 ms): time-delay for the first 3-pole shot.
(9) 2nd period triphased (range [1 s, 3600 s], step 1 s): time-delay for the second 3-pole shot.
(10) 3rd period triphased (range [1 s, 3600 s], step 1 s): time-delay for the third 3-pole shot.
(11) 4th period triphased (range [1 s, 3600 s] step 1 s): time-delay for the fourth 3-pole shot.
(12) reclaim delay (range [1 s, 600 s], step 1 s): corresponds to ‘reclaimc recovering timer’ described in
‘launch recovering timer’ of section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(13) unlock delay (range [1 s, 600 s], step 1 s): corresponds to ‘reclaimml recovering timer’ described in
‘lock of auto-recloser’ of section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(14) manual close delay (range [1 s, 600 s], step 1 s): corresponds to ‘reclaimmc recovering timer’
described in ‘lock of auto-recloser’ of section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT.

Figure 267: Setting auto-recloser (type 1) features
 The two attributes "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" and "functioning mode (3 ph trip)" must not be both
set to "Not used" value
 If "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" value is set to "1P-3P-3P-3P", then the following rules must be
respected :
- "1st period monophased" < "2nd period triphased"
- "1st period monophased" < "3rd period triphased"
- "1st period monophased " < "4th period triphased"
 If "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" value is set to "1P-3P-3P", then the following rules must be respected :


- "1st period monophased" < "3rd period triphased"
 If "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" value is set to "1P-3P", then the following rule must be respected :
 If "functioning mode (3 ph trip)" value is set to "3P-3P-3P-3P", then the following rules must be
respected :
- "1st period triphased" < "2nd period triphased"
- "1st period triphased" < "3rd period triphased"
- "1st period triphased" < "4th period triphased"
 If "functioning mode (3 ph trip)" value is set to "3P-3P-3P", then the following rules must be respected :
- "1st period triphased" < "3rd period triphased"
 If "functioning mode (3 ph trip)" value is set to "3P-3P", then the following rule must be respected :
 If "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" value is different from "Not used", then the "circuit-breaker type" must
be set to "Single phase CircuitBreaker"
 If "functioning mode (3 ph trip)" value is set to "Not used", then the "circuit-breaker type" must be set to
"Single phase CircuitBreaker"
To obtain the behaviour described above, when adding an auto-recloser, a number of mandatory datapoints
are automatically created at function level and must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint):
(1) Autorecloser flt: is an MPS datapoint, given the failure reason of auto-recloser function. This a
system datapoint whose available states are:
 State0: failure due to the synchrocheck
 State1: failure to hardware, lock of device or another running automation linked to the device
 State2: failure due to interlocking function
 State3: no failure
(2) Auto-recloser st: is an MPS datapoint which gives the status of the auto-recloser function. This is a
system datapoint whose available states are:
 State0: auto-recloser is in service, unlocked and no cycle is in progress
 State1: auto-recloser is waiting CB opening
 State2: the first single-phase cycle is in progress
 State3: the first 3-phases cycle is in progress
 State4: the second 3-phases cycle is in progress
 State5: the third 3-phases cycle is in progress
 State6: the fourth 3-phases cycle is in progress
 State7: the auto-recloser is waiting CB closing
 State8: the Reclaimc timer is launched
 State9: auto-recloser locking due to a max number of reclosing cycles
 State10: an auto-recloser locking
 State11: the reclaimml timer is launched
 State12: the reclaimmc timer is launched

(3) Force trip 3 P: is an SPC, used during a 3 phase cycle as mentioned in ‘Waiting CB opening’ in
section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(4) on/off: is a status DPS, corresponding to in / out of service status of the auto-recloser
(5) Trip 3 phases: is an SPS, giving information 3-phase trip provided by a relay
Figure 268: Auto-recloser (type 1) mandatory datapoints
To obtain the behaviour described above, when adding an auto-recloser, some optional datapoints can be
created at function level and must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint):
(1) Trip PhA: is an SPS corresponding to trip status for pole A
(2) Trip PhB: is an SPS corresponding to trip status for pole B
(3) Trip PhC: is an SPS corresponding to trip status for pole C
(4) blocking SPS: corresponds to the ‘AR_BLOCKING’ BI described in section 7.1.1 of chapter
C26x/EN FT
(5) lock/reinit: is an SPS used to lock / unlock the auto-recloser via SPS. Corresponds to the ‘AR_LOCK’
signal described in section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(6) lock/reinit SPC: Signal to lock/unlock the auto-recloser via SPC. Corresponds to the ‘AR_LOCK’
signal described in section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT
(7) on/off ctrl DPC: to control in/out of service of the auto-recloser via DPC
(8) on/off ctrl DPS: to control in/out of service of the auto-recloser via DPS

Figure 269: Auto-recloser (type 1) optional datapoints
 If "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" value is different from "Not used", then at least one of the three SPS
datapoints { "Trip PhA", "Trip PhB", "Trip PhC" } is mandatory
 If "functioning mode (1 ph trip)" value is set to "Not used", then none of the three SPS datapoints {
"Trip PhA", "Trip PhB", "Trip PhC" } is allowed
 The two datapoints { "on/off ctrl DPC", "on/off ctrl DPS" } are mutually exclusive and, at least one of
them is mandatory
 The two datapoints { "lock/reinit SPC", "lock/reinit SPS" } are mutually exclusive. If the "unlocking way"
attribute value is set to "Reinitialization" or "Both ways" then, at least one of the two datapoints is
mandatory
To obtain the behaviour described above, when adding an auto-recloser, a number of mandatory datapoints
are automatically created at circuit-breaker level and must be configured (see section 4 Defining a
datapoint):
(1) CB Healthy: corresponds to the ‘CB HEALTHY’ BI described in
section 7.1.1 of chapter C26x/EN FT
Figure 270: Available CB Healthy pre-defined datapoints for a circuit-breaker

5.3.3 CREATING AN AUTO-RECLOSE FUNCTION (AR TYPE 2)

The addition of an AR type 2 function is done at bay level using the contextual Objects entry window.
Only the following typed bays allow the creation of an AR function:
 Feeder,
 Generic bay.
Figure 271: Adding an AR function (type 2) at bay level

Once added, the AR function's general features must be set at SCE level:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
Figure 272: Setting the AR function (type 2) parameters
(1) Fill in the relation Associated with, indicating with which circuit-breaker module the function is
associated.
(2) short name and long name of the AR function, used for logging and alarms.
(3) Initial state (On / Off): initial state of the AR function (active = On).
(4) Nbr of fast cycle for earth fault (0 / 1): Number of "fast" (i.e. high-speed) reclosing cycles (i.e.
reclose shots and their associated timers) for single-phase faults.

(5) Nbr of slow cycle for earth fault (0 / 1 / 2): Number of "slow" (i.e. time-delayed) reclosing cycles for
single-phase faults. If this attribute is set to 2 and that the fault is still present after the first shot , a
second "slow" reclosing cycle can be initiated.
(6) Nbr of fast cycle for phase fault (0 / 1): Number of "fast" reclosing cycles for double faults and multi-
phase faults.
(7) Nbr of slow cycle for phase fault (0 / 1 / 2): Number of "slow" reclosing cycles for double faults and
multi-phase faults. If this attribute is set to 2 and that the fault is still present after the first shot, a
second "slow" reclosing cycle can be initiated.
(8) Reclaim time fast cycle (range [10 s, 15 s], step 1 s):
Reclaim time for the "fast" cycle. This timer is launched after any reclose command is issued, in both
"fast" and "slow" cycles. It starts when the circuit-breaker closure is confirmed. If it does not trip again
before the reclaim time elapses, the reclosing sequence is terminated and the AR function resets to its
standby state. If the circuit-breaker trips again during the reclaim time, there are 2 possible cases:
 If at least one "slow" cycle is defined, the first "slow" cycle is launched.
 If no "slow" cycle is defined, then the trip is considered final and the current reclosing sequence is
terminated; the AR function resets to its "line permanently open" state.
(9) Reclaim time slow cycle (range [3 s, 10 s], step 1 s):
Reclaim time for the "slow" cycle(s). This timer is launched after a "slow" cycle reclose command is
issued, concurrently with the Reclaim time fast cycle timer. It starts when the circuit-breaker closure
is confirmed. If it does not trip again before both reclaim timers elapse, the reclosing sequence is
terminated and the AR function resets to its standby state. If the circuit-breaker trips again during the
Reclaim time slow cycle timer, there are 2 possible cases:
 If this was the first "slow" cycle of the reclosing sequence and that a second "slow" cycle is defined,
the second "slow" cycle is launched.
 If this was the second "slow" cycle of the reclosing sequence or if only one "slow" cycle is defined,
then the trip is considered final and the current reclosing sequence is terminated; the AR function
resets to its "line permanently open" state.
Note: The setting for Reclaim time fast cycle must be higher than the setting for Reclaim time slow cycle.
(10) Reclaim time manual close (range [10 s, 20 s], step 1 s):
Reclaim time following a manual closure of the circuit-breaker (CTRL.CB.CLOSE SPS SET). The
reclaim time starts when the circuit-breaker closure is confirmed.
 If the circuit-breaker does not trip before the manual close reclaim time elapses, the AR function
resets to its standby state.
 If the circuit-breaker trips before the manual close reclaim time elapses, the manual closure is
considered a switch-on-to-fault. The trip is considered final and the current reclosing sequence is
terminated; the AR function resets to its "line permanently open" state.
(11) Timer cycle fast earth (range [100 ms, 500 ms], step 1 ms):
"Fast" cycle dead time for single-phase faults. This timer starts when the circuit-breaker trip is
confirmed.
 If no blocking condition (LINE.LIVE and RECLOSE.SHIFT SPS both RESET) is present when it
elapses, the AR function issues a CB close command.
 If a blocking condition (LINE.LIVE or RECLOSE.SHIFT SPS SET) is present when it elapses,
reclosing is suspended and the relevant timer (Voltage presence delay or Shifting reclose
delay) is started.
(12) Timer cycle slow1 earth (range [10 s, 30 s], step 1 s):
First "slow" cycle dead time for single-phase faults. This timer starts when the circuit-breaker trip is
confirmed.

delay) is started.
(13) Timer cycle slow2 earth (range [10 s, 30s], step 1 s)
Second "slow" cycle dead time for single-phase faults. This timer starts when the circuit-breaker trip is
confirmed.
delay) is started.
(14) Timer cycle fast phase (range 100 ms, 500 ms], step 1 ms)
"Fast" cycle dead time for double faults and multi-phase faults. This timer starts when the circuit-
breaker trip is confirmed.
delay) is started.
(15) Timer cycle slow1 phase (range [10 s, 30 s], step 1 s)
First "slow" cycle dead time for double faults and multi-phase faults. This timer starts when the circuit-
breaker trip is confirmed.
delay) is started.
(16) Timer cycle slow2 phase(range [10 s, 30 s], step 1 s)
Second "slow" cycle dead time for double faults and multi-phase faults. This timer starts when the
circuit-breaker trip is confirmed.
delay) is started.
(17) Voltage presence delay (range [1 s, 20 s], step 1 s). Customer-specific. The voltage presence
feature is used not to risk damage to a smaller utility if one is connected to the power system. If the
LINE.LIVE input is SET when a cycle dead time elapses, the Voltage presence delay timer is
triggered and the reclose command is delayed until it elapses. If the LINE.LIVE input is still SET when
it does, the trip is considered final and the current reclosing sequence is terminated; the AR function
resets to its "line permanently open" state.
(18) Shifting reclose delay (range [1 s, 30 s], step 1 s). Customer-specific. The shifting delay is used to
avoid causing a double fault in the event of a concurrent reclosing sequence or fault clearance in an
adjacent bay or any other electrically connected circuit. If the RECLOSE.SHIFT input is SET when a
cycle dead time elapses, the Shifting reclose delay timer is triggered and the reclose command is
delayed until it elapses. If the RECLOSE.SHIFT input is still SET when it does, the trip is considered
final and the current reclosing sequence is terminated; the AR function resets to its "line permanently
open" state.

When adding an AR function, some mandatory datapoints are automatically created at input or output level
and must be configured.
Inputs (received datapoints):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Figure 273: AR function (type 2) mandatory datapoints (1/2)
(1) CTRL.CB.CLOSE SPS and CTRL.CB.OPEN SPS: Manual close and manual open commands to the
circuit-breaker. The CTRL.CB.CLOSE SPS is used to start the Reclaim time manual close timer and
declare a switch-on-to-fault if it is followed by a protection trip before that timer elapses. The
CTRL.CB.OPEN SPS terminates any reclosing sequence in progress when it becomes SET.
(2) LINE.LIVE SPS: Live state of the line end connecting a utility to the power system. If this datapoint is
SET when a cycle dead time elapses, the Voltage presence delay timer is triggered and the reclose
command is delayed until it elapses.
(3) MES.ARPCCN SPC: Switches between the Disable/Enable states of the AR function.
(4) REC.REQ.DBL, REC.REQ.GND and REC.REQ.PHA SPS: Request to start a reclosing sequence
(respectively following a double fault, single-phase fault and multi-phase fault).
(5) RECLOSE.SHIFT SPS: Indicates whether a reclosing sequence or fault clearance is in progress in an
other electrically connected circuit. If this datapoint is SET when a cycle dead time elapses, the
Shifting reclose delay timer is triggered and the reclose command is delayed until it elapses.
(6) RRL.OFF.CTRL and RRL.ON.CTRL SPS: Disables/enables the AR function.
The source of each input's state must be defined, either by "wiring" it to a DI channel on the BCU or
"producing" it from an FBD automation output.

Outputs (transmitted datapoints):
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
Figure 274: AR function (type 2) mandatory datapoints (2/2)
(1) AR.ON.OFF DPS: State of the AR function (enabled/disabled).

(2) ARPCCN.RESUL and ARPCCN.STATE MPS: Customer-specific multi-state signals providing
information on the result of a reclose command and the current state of the AR function.
(3) CB.CLOSE.RRL SPS: Circuit-breaker reclose command issued by the local AR function.
(4) FAST.EARTH SPS, FAST.EARTH.DONE SPS and FAST.EARTH.FAIL SPS: States of the high
speed ("fast") cycle for single-phase faults (respectively ‘reclosing cycle in progress’, ‘reclosure
successful’ and ‘reclosure failed’).

(5) FAST.PHASE SPS, FAST.PHASE.DONE SPS and FAST.PHASE.FAIL SPS: States of high speed
"fast" cycle for double faults and multi-phase faults (respectively ‘reclosing cycle in progress’,
‘reclosure successful’ and ‘reclosure failed’).
(6) INSTANT.EARTH SPS and INSTANT.PHASE SPS: Instantaneous trip permitted. These outputs are
SET when the AR function is in standby mode and a "fast" reclosing cycle is defined respectively for
single-phase faults and for double/multi-phase faults.
(7) RECLOSE.IN.PRGS SPS: Auto-reclosing cycle in progress (signal sent just before the reclose
command).
(8) RRL.DEF.OPEN SPS: Final trip signal, i.e. reclosing sequence terminated.
(9) RRL.STDBY SPS: AR function in standby mode.
(10) SLOW1.EARTH SPS, SLOW1.EARTH.DONE SPS and SLOW1.EARTH.FAIL SPS: States of the
first time-delayed ("slow") cycle for single-phase faults (respectively ‘reclosing cycle in progress’,
‘reclosure successful’ and ‘reclosure failed').
(11) SLOW1.PHASE SPS, SLOW1.PHASE.DONE SPS and SLOW1.PHASE.FAIL SPS: States of the
first "slow" cycle for double faults and multi-phase faults (respectively ‘reclosing cycle in progress’,
(12) SLOW2.EARTH SPS, SLOW2.EARTH.DONE SPS and SLOW2.EARTH.FAIL SPS: States of the
second "slow" cycle for single-phase faults (respectively ‘reclosing cycle in progress’, ‘reclosure
successful’ and ‘reclosure failed').
(13) SLOW2.PHASE SPS, SLOW2.PHASE.DONE SPS and SLOW2.PHASE.FAIL SPS: States of the
second "slow" cycle for double faults and multi-phase faults (respectively ‘reclosing cycle in progress’,
Update the relations and the links of the input and output datapoints to point to relevant existing profile(s).
5.4 DEFINING A TAP CHANGER BUILT-IN FUNCTION
5.4.1 TAP CHANGER BEHAVIOUR

The control sequence of a transformer is described in section 6.5 of chapter C26x/EN FT.
Control of a transformer is done via tap changer built-in function and can be performed in the three modes
“Direct Execute”, ”SBO once” and “SBO many mode”.
TCIP feature:
The TCIP input information is used to confirm the correct execution of the low/raise control. When adding a
TCIP at tap changer level, the two configurable delays must be set at TCIP datapoint level for the correct
TCIP management:
(1) reset confirmation delay (range [0 s, 120 s], step 100 ms): this delay corresponds to time-out TR
given in section 5.1.2.1 Persistence filtering of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(2) set confirmation delay (range [0 s, 120 s], step 100 ms): this delay corresponds to time-out TS given
in section 5.1.2.1 Persistence filtering of chapter C26x/EN FT.
(3) start confirmation delay (range [1 s, 60 s], step 100 ms): the TCIP information must appear before
the time-out of this delay
(4) stop confirmation delay (range [1 s, 60 s], step 100 ms): the TCIP information must disappear before
the time-out of this delay

Figure 275: Setting the TCIP general attributes of a TCIP
TPI feature:
Because the TCIP input information is not always configured, the tap control is performed using only the Tap
Position Indication (TPI) value to verify the right execution of the request. The TPI value must change in the
given delay.
Control of a transformer with TCIP
This feature is described in chapter C26x/EN FT.
Control of a transformer without TCIP
Suppression, Forcing or Substitution of the TPI
5.4.2 CREATING A TAP CHANGER BUILT-IN FUNCTION

Tap changer is considered as a function because it verifies maximal and minimal useable positions of tap
position indicator. It is like a sub-module of transformer module and owns the tap position indicator and
optional controls (Raise/Lower, Goto Min/Max).
To create a tap-changer function, add it from object entry at transformer module level (1).
Figure 276: Adding a tap changer built-in function to a transformer
When adding a tap changer function, the following general attributes must be updated:
(1) short name and long name of the tap changer used for logging, alarms ...
(2) minimal usable position (range [1, 64], step 1).

(3) maximal usable position (range [1, 64], step 1): must be greater than attribute (2).
(4) execution timeout (range [0, 60 s], step 100 ms): It is the maximum delay in which tap position must
have changed relatively to the current tap control in progress. If delay expired bad acknowledgement
is sent for tap control.
Figure 277: Setting the attributes of a tap changer
When adding a tap changer function, the mandatory datapoint ‘Tap position indicator’ (TPI) is automatically
created at function level (8).
The following table gives inputs and outputs tap changer’s features controlled by the C26x. For each
datapoint its SCE identification is given by a number, referenced in the following figure.
To configure correctly the tap changer of a transformer module:
 add the relevant datapoints, relatively to the following tables,

Tap changer for transformer
OUTPUTS INPUTS
(2) DPC raise/lower (8) TPI value
DEVICE CONTROL
(1) DPC (optional) goto min/max (7) SPS (optional) tap change in progress
DEVICE SELECTION (i) SPS (optional) selection position
(4) SPC (optional) transformer selection
(HARDWARE) information
(i) This SPS is a generic one added at transformer module level and configured as feedback of
SPC transformer selection (4).
Datapoints list:
(1) Goto min/max DPC: : if it is not wired to a board DO, this datapoint is managed by an ISaGRAF
automation from a Gateway or OI command:
 If the expected position is Min position, the automation must send one or several commands to the
transformer to decrease the current position until the transformer reaches the Min position,
 If the expected position is Max position, the automation must send one or several command to the
transformer to increase the current position until the transformer reaches the Max position.
(2) Raise/lower DPC: this datapoint is managed by the tap changer built-in function.
(3) MCB open SPC: this datapoint is managed by the tap changer built-in function.
(4) TAP Select SPC: this datapoint is managed by the tap changer built-in function
(5) Higher position: if it is not wired to a board DI, this SPS is managed by an ISaGRAF automation:
 set it to 1 if the Tap pos indicator is greater than the max position
 reset it otherwise

(6) Lower position: if it is not wired to a board DI, this SPS is managed by an ISaGRAF automation.
 set it to 1 if the Tap pos indicator is lower than the min position
 reset it otherwise
(7) Tap in progress: this SPS is taken into account by the tap changer built-in function.
(8) Tap pos ind: tap position indication (TPI).
Figure 278: Available pre-defined datapoints for a tap changer
 The "Raise/lower DPC" datapoint must have its profile attribute “SBO mode” set to "SBO Operate
Many"
5.4.3 SETTING THE TPI PARAMETERS

The settings for Tap Position Indications are very similar to those of MV datapoints:
5.4.3.1 SETTING THE GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

When adding a TPI datapoint, some general attributes must be updated:
 Analogue tap position (current input, acquired via an AIU board or an external IED)
 Digital tap position coded ‘1 among n’ (digital acquisition only)
 Digital tap position coded ‘decimal’ (digital acquisition only)
 Digital tap position coded ‘gray’ (digital acquisition only)
 Digital tap position coded ‘BCD’ (digital acquisition only)
 Digital tap position coded ‘PCCN code’ (customer-specific)

Figure 279: Setting the general attributes of a TPI datapoint
5.4.3.2 SETTING THE VALUE FEATURES ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

When adding a generic MV datapoint, some ‘Value features’ attributes must be updated:
(1) minimum value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]: used for full scale calculation and scaling. It must match
the minimal usable position attribute set for the Tap changer.
(2) maximum value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]: used for full scale calculation and scaling. (Full scale =
maximum value - minimum value). It must match the maximal usable position attribute set for the
Tap changer.
(3) zero value suppression (% of full scale value) (range [0, 10], step 0.1): this parameter is used to
define the zero suppression area (deadband) for zero value suppression processing. This attribute is
only visible if the type of tap position acquisition is set to Analogue.
(4) Hysteresis (% of full scale value) (range [0, 50], step 1): used for threshold detection
(5) threshold usage (No / Yes): for each of the three low thresholds and the three high thresholds,
defines whether or not the corresponding threshold is used
(6) threshold values (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38]: value for each threshold, relevant only if the
corresponding threshold usage attribute is set to Yes.

Figure 280: Setting the value features attributes OF A TPI datapoint
5.4.3.3 SETTING THE SCALING ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

The Scaling attributes are only relevant if the type of tap position acquisition is set to Analogue.
Note: TPI value scaling is always linear. Therefore there is no scaling rule attribute to set.
(1) minimum acq. value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38])

(2) maximum acq. value (range [-3.4E38, 3.4E38])
(3) Ai coefficient (range [-100000, 100000, step 1]): multiplying factor in the scaling equation for the
transmitted TPI value
(4) Bi offset (range [-100000, 100000, step 1]): added offset in the scaling equation for the transmitted
TPI value
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
C1092ENa
Figure 281: Setting the scaling attributes of a TPI datapoint

5.4.3.4 SETTING THE TAP POSITION ATTRIBUTES OF A TPI DATAPOINT

The Tap position attributes depend on the set type of tap position acquisition, analogue or digital.
Analogue tap position acquisition
(1) filtering delay (x 10 ms) (range [0 s, 6553.5 s], step 10 ms): confirmation time for tap position change
indication
(2) current valid range (% maximum value) (range [0, 20%], step 1%): minimum value of the current
level required for position change indication
Figure 282: Setting the Tap position attributes of an analogue TPI datapoint
Digital tap position acquisition

(1) filtering delay (x 10 ms) (range [0 s, 6553.5 s], step 10 ms): confirmation time for tap position change
indication
(2) inhibition delay (x 10 ms) (range [0 s, 6553.5 s], step 10 ms): transient intertap filtering time-delay
Figure 283: Setting the Tap position attributes of a digital TPI datapoint

5.4.3.5 TAP POSITION WIRING

The permitted tap positions defined in the range [minimal usable position, maximal usable position]
when the Tap change function was created must be wired to digital inputs on the C26x.
To do so, select the Tap pos ind measurement under Tap changer in the Object view. In the contextual
Object entry window, double-click all the relevant ‘bit xx’ wired on : DI channel to place them under Tap
pos ind. When this is done, double-click each of these relations to display the Relation link editor window
that contains the list of available DIs and for each, select the corresponding DI.
Figure 284: Wiring the Tap position bits to digital inputs
5.5 DEFINING AN AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION – AVR – BUILT-IN

FUNCTION
5.5.1 CREATING AN AVR FUNCTION

AVR relates to the transformer bays; hence the configuration is done at this level. The topology is defined by
the node references of each individual transformer. Transformers in parallel are located in separate bays;
among them, one is master, the others followers. Several independent groups can be configured in the same
substation.
In the Objects entry window, select the AVR built-in function and right click on Add. This permits creation of
datapoints related to the AVR real-time information & controls of the transformer bay.
To define the transformer, see section 5.1.5.7 Defining a transformer. To associate the AVR with a Tap
changer:
 double click the link ‘Associated with’; this opens the Relation link editor
 select the desired path in the list beneath
 click OK

To assign an IEC address to each datapoint:
 select the data point

 tap into the ‘Objects entry’ window to add a link
 double click the link
 select the path in the list
 click OK
5.5.2 GRAPHIC SECTION (EXAMPLE OF OPERATOR WORKSTATION LISTING OUT

THE DATAPOINTS)

5.5.3 AVR BEHAVIOUR

The AVR built-in function is described in chapter C26x/EN FT. List of attributes:
Tab Parameter name Values Min Max Step Defaults value
AVR state ON/OFF - - - ON
AVR mode Manual / Automatic - - - Automatic
A Transformer nominal voltage 20000.0V
V Nominal voltage Vn 100V
R Nominal current In 1A
Type of regulation Phase voltage /Compound voltage - - - Phase voltage
Mode management on errors No/ Yes (immed.)/ Yes after delay - No
Target voltage management Controls/Remote-Local - - - Controls
Target voltage active No/1/2/3/4/5 1
T No target voltage active delay 10 300 10 120
A
Remote target voltage min value In % of Vn 90% 105% 0,25% 90%
R
G Remote target voltage max value In % of Vn 95% 110% 0,25% 110%
E Remote target maximum difference 200V
T In Volt (MV range value) 50V 500V 10V
between 2 target voltages
End of remote target voltage delay 0mn 480mn 10mn 60mn
V End of local target voltage delay 3mn 10mn 1mn 5 mn
O
L Target voltage 1 Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 88% 112% 0.1% 100%
T Target voltage 2 Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 100% 104% 0.1% 102%
A
G Target voltage 3 Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 103% 107% 0.1% 105%
E Target voltage 4 Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 106% 110% 0.1% 108%
Target voltage 5 Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 93% 97% 0.1% 95%
Local Target Voltage Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 90% 110% 0.25% 100%
Voltage confirmation delay 0 10 0.1 0.5
Double wound Yes/no - - - No
Double wound voltage Voltage 1 / voltage 2 / average Voltage 1
Double wound voltage difference % of Vn 0% 10% 1% 5%
Voltage presence threshold Displayed in volt but used as % Vn 20% 80% 10% 50%
Regulation dead band % of target voltage 0% 4% 0.25% 1.25%
Abnormal voltage (threshold) , % of target voltage 2% 11% 1% 5%
V Abnormal voltage present delay 0s 600s 1s 0s

O Abnormal voltage delay present T4 20s 600s 10s 300s
L Abnormal voltage delay missing 0s 600s 10s 0s
T
A Voltage present delay Tp 0s 120s 1s 0s
G Voltage missing delay Ta 30s 180s 10s 120s
E
Compounding activation* Active/ Inactive - - - Inactive
Compounding method Active / Reactive - - - Active
Active compounding method par. A1** % of Vn/In 0% 20% 0.5% 0%
Active compounding method par. B1** % of Vn/In 0% 20% 0.5% 0%
Reactive compounding method p A2** % of Vn/In 0% 20% 0.5% 0%
Reactive compounding method p B2** % of Vn/In 0% 20% 0.5% 0%
Compound nominal current 0 0.01 0.1
Voltage correction 0 0.01 0%
Tap changer fault function Internal and/or external - - - Internal

Tab Parameter name Values Min Max Step Defaults value

T Tap changer fault behaviour Autom/manual reset/manual mode - - - Automatic
A Highest tap value 1 64 1 39

Lowest tap value 1 64 1 1
P Intermediate position No/yes - - - no
Intermediate position active Off/on Off
Intermediate tap delay 0s 60s 1s 10s
Intermediate tap 1 64 1 1
First tap delay TA1 10s 70s 5s 60s
Next tap delay TA2 2s 30s 2s 10s
End Tap delay 0s 180s 5s 60s
First tap delay bypass delay TA3 20s 120s 10s 30s
Preset tap 1 39 1 1
Preset tap delay 0s 10s 1s 1s
TCIP time out delay 5s 180s 5s 10 s
TCIP End time out delay 1s 120s 1s 10 s
Tap Changer Fault delay 60s 600s 10s 120 s
Tap Pulse Duration 0.5s 30s 0.1s 0.5 s
Number of taps before highest tap 1 10 1 4
Number of taps before lowest tap 1 10 1 4
Slipping period for counting Period in days 1 120 1 30
Runaway tap delay 0s 60s 1s 30 s
Voltage loss position tap on defined tap/lock automatic reg On defined tap
Tap changer position behaviour Preset/current/lowest preset
Primary CB state Open/close open
Overcurrent/overvoltage/undervoltage Signalisation / Signal. & locking signalisation
Tap changer position on voltage loss off
Off/on - - -
function activation*
A Fast tap changer move after voltage off
U Off/on - - -
loss function activation*
T
O Line Overcurrent detection activation* Off/on - - - off
M Line Overcurrent threshold % of In 50% 500% 10% 250%
A
Line Overcurrent delay 0s 30s 0.1s 2s
T
I Overvoltage detection activation* Off/on - - - Off
O Overvoltage threshold % of Vn 100% 130% 1% 130%
N
Overvoltage delay 0s 30s 0.1s 2s
Undervoltage detection activation* Off/on - - - off
Undervoltage threshold % of Vn 50% 100% 1% 70%
Undervoltage delay 0s 30s 0.1s 2s
Tap Changer blocking activation * Off/on - - - off
Tap Changer blocking delay 0s 300s 10s 60 s
T Transformer in parallel Yes/No - - - No
R Role Master/Followe/Foll master backup
Master failure management Follow bec master /Standalone reg - - - Follow bec mas
in
Standalone regulation method Negreactancecomp/Min.cir.current - - - None
// Backup mode delay 0s 120s 1s 60 s
* means that it can be modified through operator controls, ** through setpoints

5.6 DEFINING AN AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION – ATCC – BUILT-IN

FUNCTION
5.6.1 ATCC BEHAVIOUR

The ATCC built-in function is described in chapter C26x/EN FT.
5.6.2 CREATING AN ATCC FUNCTION

ATCC is a complex built-in function for it concerns specific objects (transformer, busbar, voltage level)
constituting the substation. At SCE level, ATCC modeling is split into different objects (ATCC function needs)
located under each relevant electrical component. The whole of these objects corresponds to the
configuration of the substation’s ATCC built-in function.
Adding the ‘ATCC function needs’ object under an electrical component allows automatic datapoint creation.
These datapoints relate to the ATCC real-time information and controls relevant to this electrical component.
Voltage levels managed by ATCC do not need specific datapoints for the ATCC function. So, specific
attributes put at voltage level objects are preferred to give extra ATCC function needs for each voltage level.
In the following sub-sections, required datapoints for ATCC function are prefixed with an identifier, referred in
chapter C26x/EN FT.
 If there is NO ATCC under the Substation, then:

 a "Voltage level" must have its "ATCC existence" attribute set to "No".
 the "ATCC fct needs" is allowed neither under a "transformer" nor under a "BusBar".
 If there is an "ATCC fct needs" under a "transformer", then :
 the "Tap changer" with its "Raise/lower DPC" datapoint are mandatory.
 either of the datapoints { "MCB position DPS", "MCB position SPS" } is mandatory. They are mutually
exclusive
 the "transformer" must be linked to a Voltage level through one and only one of either relation { "has
its primary on", "has its secondary on" }. The Voltage level must be different from the one under which
the transformer is located.
5.6.2.1 DEFINING AN ATCC FUNCTION’S REQUIREMENTS AT SUBSTATION LEVEL

The entry point of ATCC configuration is done at substation level.
This is done via the Objects entry window at substation level by clicking on mouse’s right button.
Figure 285: Adding an ATCC function at substation level
Once added, ATCC features must be set at SCE level:

(1) Fill the relation is managed by, giving which C26x runs and supervises ATCC function at substation
level

(2) short name and long name of the ATCC used for logging, alarms ...
‘General’ attributes:
 ‘calculation’ attributes
 calculation period
 calculation mode
 ‘Homing’ attributes
 active homing
 homing deadband
 ‘ATCC mode changing’ attributes

 mode on group interconnection
 mode on bay in local

‘Compounding’ attributes
 compounding method
Delays’ attributes:
 ‘Nominal’ attributes
 fixed initial tap delay (no means inverse delay).
 initial tap delay (in ms)
 inter tap delay (in ms).
 ‘Homing’ attributes
 homing initial tap delay (in ms)
 homing inter tap delay (in ms)
 ‘Hunting’ attributes
 hunting window (in ms)
 opposite max tap changes (default value: 4 )
‘Inhibition’ attributes
 ‘Inhibition conditions’ attributes

 max voltage difference (ratio) (default value: +2%)
 tolerable nominal under voltage (ratio) (default value: 80%)
 tolerable nominal over voltage (ratio) (default value: 120%).
‘Busbar voltage’ attributes
 Coefficients for busbar voltage calculation attributes

 voltage coefficient for 1 transfo
 voltage coefficient for 2 transfos

Figure 286: Setting the General features of an ATCC
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
Figure 287: Setting the Delays attributes of an ATCC
(17)
(18)
(19)
Figure 288: Setting the Inhibition attributes of an ATCC

(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
Figure 289: Setting the Busbar voltage attributes of an ATCC
When adding an ATCC to a substation, the following mandatory datapoints are automatically created and
must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint):
(DPT_Sub 1) ATCC clear alarm SPC
(DPT_Sub 2) ATCC on/off control SPC
(DPT_Sub 3) AVR defect alarm SPS
(DPT_Sub 4) DBI override SPS
(DPT_Sub 5) ErrorLog SPS
(DPT_Sub 6) On/off SPS
(DPT_Sub 7) Target unreached SPS
(DPT_Sub 1)
(DPT_Sub 2)
(DPT_Sub 3)
(DPT_Sub 4)
(DPT_Sub 5)
(DPT_Sub 6)
(DPT_Sub 7)
Figure 290: Mandatory datapoints for an ATCC at substation level
5.6.2.2 DEFINING AN ATCC FUNCTION’S REQUIREMENTS AT VOLTAGE LEVEL

For each voltage level containing a transformer concerned by an ATCC function, extra ATCC configuration
must be done.
This is done under SCE at voltage level, by setting the attribute ‘ATCC existence’ to ‘Yes’ (1).
Then an extra ‘ATCC’ tab appears with the following attributes to update:
voltage targets attributes
(2) voltage target by default
(3) voltage target 1


‘regulation’ attributes
(8) voltage target ramping rate (kV/mn)
(9) max tap change rate (kV/min)
(10) voltage deadband to end tapping
(11) voltage deadband to initiate tapping
When a voltage level is concerned by an ATCC function, do not forget to set correctly its attribute ‘nominal
value (kV)’ (see section 5.1.3 Defining a Voltage level). It is used for transformer nominal ratio computation.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
Figure 291: Setting the attributes of an ATCC function at voltage level

5.6.2.3 DEFINING AN ATCC FUNCTION’S REQUIREMENTS AT BUSBAR LEVEL

For each busbar bay concerned by an ATCC function, extra ATCC configuration must be done. For details
about busbar bay creation, see section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay.
This is done via the Objects entry window at busbar level by clicking on mouse’s right button.
Figure 292: Adding an ATCC function’s requirements at busbar level
Once added, ATCC busbar features must be set at SCE level:

(1) setpoint ponderation
(2) priority
 ‘line drop compensation (if setpoint adjustement)’ attributes

(3) resistive coefficient
(4) reactive coefficient
 ‘line drop compensation (if voltage adjustement)’ attributes

(5) transfo-busbar resistive coefficient
(6) transfo-busbar reactive coefficient
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Figure 293: Setting the general busbar features of an ATCC
When adding an ATCC function needs at busbar level, the following mandatory datapoints are automatically
created and must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint):
(DPT_Bb 1) ATCC inhibited

(DPT_Bb 2) ATCC inv module

(DPT_Bb 3) ATCC inv voltage
(DPT_Bb 4) ATCC max transfo
(DPT_Bb 5) ATCC on/off
(DPT_Bb 6) ATCC on/off ctrl
(DPT_Bb 7) ATCC targ 1 ctrl
(DPT_Bb 12) ATCC target 1
(DPT_Bb 17) ATCC to target
(DPT_Bb 18) BusBar voltage
(DPT_Bb 1) (DPT _Bb 2)
(DPT_Bb 3) (DPT_Bb 4)

C0348ENa
Figure 294: Mandatory datapoints for an ATCC at busbar level

5.6.2.4 DEFINING AN ATCC FUNCTION’S REQUIREMENTS AT TRANSFORMER LEVEL

For details about transformer bay (and subsequent transformer module) creation, see section 5.1.4 Defining
a Bay.
For each transformer concerned by an ATCC function, extra ATCC configuration must be done at several
levels:
 Set properly the following features for transformer module:

 ‘Transformer type’ attribute
 ‘Power value’ attribute: (range [1, 300 MVA]).
 ‘Impedance’ attribute, whose unit is a percent of value for S=100 MVA (range [0,01 to 24,99 by step
0,01):
 MCB position SPS or DPS is mandatory (see section 5.1.5.7 Defining a transformer).
 Add and configure a Tap-changer built-in function for the transformer module (see section 0), with the
following features:
 Raise/Lower DPC is mandatory

 Tap in progress SPS is mandatory
 MCB open SPC is mandatory
 Add and configure an ‘ATCC fct needs’ object for transformer, via the Objects entry window at
transformer module level by clicking on mouse’s right button (1):
Figure 295: Adding an ATCC function’s requirements at transformer level
Once added, the features of ‘ATCC function needs for transformer’ must be set at SCE level:
 ‘Tpi range’ attributes

(1) up range
(2) down range
‘Inhibition conditions’ attributes:
(3) Overcurrent ratio

(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 296: Setting the general transformer features of an ATCC
When adding ATCC function needs at transformer level, the following mandatory datapoints are
automatically created and must be configured (see section 4 Defining a datapoint):
(DPT_Trf 1) ATCC on/off
(DPT_Trf 2) ATCC homing
(DPT_Trf 3) ATCC hunting
(DPT_Trf 4) TAP bad TCIP
(DPT_Trf 5) TAP long TCIP
(DPT_Trf 6) TAP invalid
(DPT_Trf 7) Run away
(DPT_Trf 8) ATCC disc eqpt
(DPT_Trf 9) ATCC local bay
(DPT_Trf 10) MCB trip
(DPT_Trf 11) ATCC overcurrent
(DPT_Trf 12) ATCC overvoltage
(DPT_Trf 13) ATCC low-voltage
(DPT_Trf 14) ATCC inv voltage
(DPT_Trf 15) Second. voltage
(DPT_Trf 16) Second. current
(DPT_Trf 17) Second. active P
(DPT_Trf 18) Second. react. Q

(DPT_Trf 1) (DPT_Trf 2)
C0349ENa
Figure 297: Mandatory datapoints for an ATCC at transformer level
5.6.2.5 DEFINING THE ELECTRICAL TOPOLOGY FOR AN ATCC FUNCTION

For correct behaviour of ATCC function, electrical topology of the LV side, including connection of the
transformer to the busbar and coupling of busbars into the LV level must be defined.
Any electrical topology can be defined by modules interconnected by nodes.
A node is in relation with at least on module. The most common “node” is busbars.
Electric modules are mostly dipoles. Switchgears and circuit-breakers are connected to two nodes. Special
module cases are:
 motor/generator that are connected to only one node,

 line arrival that is a node,
 special (German) double switch, in fact association of earth switch and disconnector,
 transformer connected to 3 nodes but the third node is reserved to neutral compensation.
At SCE level, nodes are special attributes of module, whose values are given by integers. Each identified
node in the electrical topology has a unique arbitrary value. Two interconnected modules share the same
node value. The best practice to value nodes is to do it directly from the substation electrical diagram.

RESERVE 2 MAIN 2
4 3 1T6 11 30
1T1C 1T1B 1T1A
1T4 1T0 1T3 13 SGT1
14
11 DAR 12 13
4 2W6 8
2W1B
2W4 2W0
3 2W1A
3
2T6
2T1C 2T1B 2T1A
31
2T4 2T0 2T3 22 SGT3
23
15 DAR 16 17
B1P9 B1S8
6 B1S1A
66kV 5 B1S0
B1S1B
7
B1P6 B1S4
3T6 19 32
3T1C 3T1B 3T1A
3T4 3T0 3T3 17 SGT2
18
DAR 21 22
2 1W6 10
1W1B
1W4 1W0
1 1W1A
20
4T6
4T1C 4T1B 4T1A 33
4T4 4T0 4T3 26 SGT4
27
24 DAR 25 26
2 1
RESERVE 1 MAIN 1 C1019XXa
Figure 298: Identifying nodes in an electrical diagram (example)
This manual approach of nodes identification must be projected at SCE electrical object level:
 “Busbar” bay, where one node reference must be filled (1),

 “External line” module of “Feeder” bay, where one node reference must be filled (2),
 “Circuit-breaker” and “Switchgear” module, where two node references must be filled (3),
 “Transformer” module, where at least two node references must be filled, and a extra one in case of
neutral compensation (4),
 “Capacitor” & “inductor” module, used for neutral compensation, where one node reference must be
filled (5); it corresponds to the neutral node of the associated transformer.

(1)
Figure 299: Setting the busbar node reference (ATCC function)
(2)
Figure 300: Setting the external line node references (ATCC function)
(3)
Figure 301: Setting the circuit-breaker node references (ATCC function)
(4)
Figure 302: Setting the transformer node references (ATCC function)

(5)
Figure 303: Setting the capacitor node references (ATCC function)
5.7 DEFINING AN ELECTRICAL REGULATION BY USER FUNCTION

DS Agile allows the user to configure specific control sequences or automations (e.g. switching sequences,
busbar transfer, load shedding, GIS-pressure supervision, etc …) during the configuration phase.
To do that, there are two main solutions:
 Using ISaGRAF workbench for slow automations, where the execution of the automation is cyclic,
based on a cycle that can not be less than 50 ms.
 Using extended logical function modeling (Boolean, timer, bistable functions) via FBD workbench,
where the execution is event-driven.
User function can be put at any level of the electrical topology except Site. Moreover, slow automation is
unavailable at module level. User function must always specify on which C26x it runs.
For details, refer to SCE/EN AP.
Extra solutions for simpler needs exist at configuration level (they could be seen as restriction of particular
FBD functions):
 Group modeling: SPS production based on a pre-defined Boolean function working on a set of
datapoint.
 xPS-xPC association: on a particular state of xPS, ability to control a given xPC.

 SPS-DPS association: DPS production based on the synthesis of 2 SPSs.
 Interlocking definition: production of virtual SPS datapoints used to control opening and/or closure of
modules. These virtual datapoints are defined through specific FBD logical diagrams where inputs are
generally breaker and switch positions.
 Automatic/manual dependency set at control level (SPC, DPC or SetPoint): when a control is linked to
an SPS or DPS via the automatic/manual dependency, control is refused if the SPS (resp. DPS) is in
the SET (resp. CLOSED) state.
5.7.1 DEFINING A GROUP

A group is a logical OR, AND, NOR or NAND combination of components whose type is SPS, DPS or
groups. A component can belong to several groups. The resulting datapoint associated with a group is an
SPS object called ‘Group SPS’ in data modeling.
Group SPS can only belong to bays or modules. The C26x that manages the bay (of eventually the bay of
the module) always computes it. Its composition description is done via linking it to SPS, DPS, or Group
SPS.
A group SPS can be seen as a particular fast automation reduced to one Boolean function with one implicit
output plug (the group SPS itself) and input plugs corresponding to each component of the group.
To add a group SPS, select the bay or module level in the electrical topology and add the group SPS from

For details on electrical topology creation, see section 5.1 Defining an electrical topology.
Figure 304: Adding a group SPS (example for a feeder at bay level)
Once added, Group SPS features must be set at SCE level, as SPS datapoint. For details about SPS
datapoint configuration, see section 4.3.1 Defining an SPS datapoint. Nevertheless, the specific attribute
‘group type’ (1) must be set for the group. It corresponds to the logical function (OR, AND, NOR or NAND)
applied on all the components of the group.
Figure 305: Setting the Group type attribute of a group SPS
To assign a component to a group (SPS, DPS or group):
 Add the relation contains the <XXX> (1) at Group SPS level, where XXX corresponds to the
datapoint type (SPS or DPS)
 Fill the relation with the relevant datapoint
(1)
Figure 306: Adding a component to a group
5.7.2 CONTROLLING AN XPC USING AN XPS STATE CHANGE

For specific needs, some SPS or DPS can act on SPC or DPC. This relation is called xPS-xPC association.
Such an acted xPC may or may not need a channel for wiring. It can be an xPC used for automation
management for instance.

The link defines for each state of the xPS which order must be sent.
To create such a relation:
 Add the relation controls on state change (1) at SPS/DPS level; two relations are available
depending on control type to act (SPC or DPC). Choose the correct one.
 Fill the relation with the relevant SPC or DPC (2).

 Set the relation attributes (3) giving for each state of the xPS, the order to send: None, Open (resp.
Off) or Close (resp. On) for DPC (resp. SPC).
Figure 307: Controlling an xPC using an xPS state change (example)
New attribute: Control, whose values can be
 “direct to output relay” i.e. the xPS activates directly the associated xPC
 “through control sequence” i.e. the xPS activates a full control sequence
In case of controls launched by an xPS, the Control Originator fields are:
 orCat = Bay level

 orIdent = xPS label
5.7.3 PRODUCING A DPS FROM 2 SPSS

For specific needs, two SPSs (one for open state, and the other for closed state) can be used to manage a
DPS. This relation is called SPS-DPS association.

To produce a DPS from two SPS:
 Create the three datapoints and configure them (see section 4 Defining a datapoint)
 At the DPS level, add the relations has open state given by (1) and has closed state given by (2)
 Fill the two relations with the previously created SPS datapoint
(1)
(2)
Figure 308: Producing a DPS from 2 SPSs (example)
5.7.4 DEFINING AN INTERLOCK

Any DPC (or SPC) belonging to a bay or module can have interlocking equation for opening order and/or
closing order.
Interlocking equation corresponds to a logical function that must be ‘true’ to send the order.
In data modeling, interlocking equations are under SPC or DPC by adding specific SPS:
 Close/lower interlock
 Open/raise interlock
These SPSs are the result of a function coded with the FBD editor. When the SPS value is true, the control
is allowed.
Interlocking equation diagrams are identical to FBD fast automation diagrams, except that:
 timer, bistable function are unusable

 there is no output plug
To add an interlock SPS, select the SPC/DPC datapoint level and add the interlock SPS from the contextual
Objects entry window (1).
For details about electrical topology creation, refer section 5.1 Defining an electrical topology
Figure 309: Adding an interlock SPS (example for a DPC)

Once added, interlock SPS features must be set at SCE level, as SPS datapoint. For details about SPS
datapoint configuration, see section 4.3.1 Defining an SPS datapoint.
To define interlocking equation for an interlock SPS:
 Add at interlock SPS level, an FBD interlock object (1):

 Configure this FBD interlock (see section 4.5 Defining an FBD fast automation in SCE/EN AP), with
the existing following restrictions:
 Only input plugs are available for its interface definition.
 For its body description via FBD editor, timer and bistable functions do not exist.
Figure 310: Defining the interlocking equation for an interlock SPS
Example:
The optional SPS ‘Intlk viol. SPS’ is true when the control is rejected. It is used by some SCADAs which
cannot know the reason of a NACK (especially with Modbus).
5.7.5 DEFINING AN AUTOMATIC/MANUAL DEPENDENCY

Automatic/manual dependency can be set at control level (SPC, DPC or SetPoint):
When a control is linked to an SPS or DPS via the automatic/manual dependency, control is refused if the
SPS (resp. DPS) is in the SET (resp. CLOSED) state. To create an automatic/manual dependency:
 Add the relation has for AutoManu dependency (1) at control level; two relations are available
depending on the input type setting the dependency (SPS or DPS). Choose the correct one.
 Fill the relation with the relevant SPS or DPS (2).

Figure 311: Defining an automatic/manual dependency (example)
 For each "DPC", "SPC" or "Setpoint" datapoint, 2 relations has for AutoManu dependency are
available, but they are mutually exclusive.
5.8 DEFINING A LOAD APPLICATION (C26X-STANDALONE)

A Load function can be either a Load Shedding function or a Load Curtailment function. The “Type” attribute
of “Load function” object allows selecting either. The creation of a Load function template cannot be done; it
is only possible in Object mode.
All data points of a “Load function” object have a predefined profile. The user can change it if he/she wishes
it.
Restrictions on the “Load function” object and its children in the browser:
 Once the “Load function” object is edited, the user cannot change its type,
 No child of the “Load function” object can be added from the Objects entry window,
 No child of the “Load function” object can be deleted in the browser,
 The “Load function” object and its components cannot be ‘’spared’’,
 The “number” attribute of a “Load group” is not modifiable,
 The “number” attribute of a “Load blocking” is not modifiable,
 No predefined profile available for data points of a “Load function” object can be deleted

The user can edit a “Load function” by the contextual menu Load function Edit:
Fill in the fields:
5.9 DEFINING A FAST LOAD SHEDDING APPLICATION

The Fast Load Shedding aims to:
 speed up the Load Shedding process using GOOSE system message exchange
 manage Load Shedding priority process & topology calculation with ISaGRAF functions

5.9.1 DATA FLOW
Input xPS triggers

Output MASK result to CB
SetPoint LSP config.
Goose status
IEC 61850-8-1
Begin
Set_LSP (MaskPrio, REF_LSP1-1
SetPoint for MaskPrio x LSP1-1
Set_LSP (MaskPrio, REF_LSP2-1
…
SetPoint for MaskPrio x LSP2-1
… Set_LSP (MaskPrio, REF_LSPi-1
SetPoint for MaskPrio x LSPi-1 End
LSPi-1
LSP1-1
LSP2-1
MASK PSL1-1 MASK PSL2-1 MASK PSLi-1

- 2- i-
R output MASK
R output MASK
R output MASK
xPS triggers xPS triggers xPS triggers

input input input
C1009ENb
The C26x-M supports the ISaGRAF automation which allows defining FLS preselections and also
automations (ISaGRAF and/or PSL) which allow testing / simulating the FLS.
It is a client of the OI and receives the setpoints from it. The FLS preselections are transmitted to C26x-Fi
using the LSP (Load Shedding Preselection) datapoints, transmitted by GOOSE.
It is a server of the OI and is used to re-transmit the datapoints coming from C26x-Fi to OI using datapoint
association mechanisms.
The C26x-Fi controls the feeder and the circuit-breaker trip. In order to secure performance time of breaker
trip, C26x-Fi is not servers of the OI and C26x-M. They only manage the PSL which allows tripping the
feeder regarding the cause and the preselection. They are dedicated to the acquisition of datapoints used for
the Fast Load Shedding function (only FLS triggers as input and breaker trip as output).
The C26x-Fi works redundantly. To avoid time performance limitation, the client/server mechanism used in
case of C26x redundancy (to exchange the FailSt information) will be replaced by a GOOSE transmission of
this information.

5.9.2 PRIORITY SETPOINTS

Priority setpoints are analogue setpoints whose value range from 0 to 65535.
The profile is as follows:
5.9.3 LOAD SHEDDING PRESELECTION (LSP)

LSP is a 16 bit word in which several bits can be simultaneously set.
The LSP can be created under a module object or a breaker object.
The LSP is a sub-type of the MPS object. The SCE attributes of this object are:
 Short name
 Long name
 Meaning: fixed to “load shedding preselection”
 Used profile – The profile is only used to define the printing / archiving status at OI level (alarms,
interlocking values are not used).

No wiring, nor SCADA address can be associated with this object.

An LSP cannot be forced, suppressed or substituted (FSS).
This dedicated DS Agile object is mapped on an IEC 61850-8-1 BSTR16 type:
The Goose transmission can be automated (auto-addressing).

The LSP are not saved in C26x-Mx non-volatile memory.
In case of C26x-Mx reset (or, in case of C26x-M redundancy, when the Standby becomes Active), the LSP
are initialized to 0.
The owner of the LSP is the C26x-Mx (and its redundant if it exists): it is the GOOSE publisher and the
server of the LSP. So this C26x must be clearly identified in the configuration: a relation has for LSP
manager is defined at Site level to define this C26x. Dedicated GOOSE message is used to transmit LSP

(i.e. measurement GOOSE / status GOOSE are not used): in this GOOSE, only the LSP status is
transmitted: the quality and time-stamp are not transmitted.
5.9.4 GRAPHICAL ANIMATION WITH LSP

Graphical animation is performed using an LSP Multistate. This object is composed of:
 3 graphical symbols, associated with the ON, OFF & UNKNOWN states of LSP bits
 Up to 16 components which allow to define the graphical position of the symbol associated with each
LSP bit
This representation forces to have the same graphic for the 16 bits of the LSP.
5.9.5 USING AN LSP IN A PSL

A dedicated MASK operator allows using the LSP in a PSL:

This operator is equivalent to:
Notes:
The MASK operator is generated as a sum of products in the C26x database. The PSL limitations are applicable on this
operator.
In case of redundancy, it is necessary to manage and filter any input from external equipment/automation (ISaGRAF
priority issue at switchover).
5.9.6 USING AN LSP IN A ISAGRAF DIAGRAM

An ISaGRAF function allows defining LSP values. The prototype of this function is:
Unsigned char Set_LSP (int Value, long Ref_LSP)
The bit representation of the LSP is:
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

5.9.6.1 SET_LSP() ISAGRAF FUNCTION

ISaGRAF manages the LSP registry through a new function call Set_LSP.(value, reference of nMPS)
An LSP registry is a 16bits value range which defines 16 bits priority mask. The value is in range [0x0000 to
0xFFFF] which represents the 16 bit priority.
 Value 0x0001 activate bit priority 1

…

One LSP registry is allocated to a MASK FBD/PSL object.
This LSP registry is sent from ISaGRAF to C26x Fi FBS/PSL through GOOSE status.
5.9.6.2 IS_CONNECTED_TO() ISAGRAF FUNCTION

This ISaGRAF function is_connected_to (node1,node2,state) may be is used for operation topology process.
The test of this function will be applied to the architecture as described below
The state as described in the specification can be
 Connected: the 2 node equipments are surely connected,

 Unconnected: the 2 node equipments are surely not connected
 Uncertain: if not connected or not unconnected (in the event of a faulty board connection
measurement for example)
5.9.7 DATAPOINTS
For SPC datapoints:
 value = 0 for open state

 value = 1 for close state

Datapoints possible states:
 LSP: the possible states are SET, RESET, UNKNOWN.

 Input xPS Triggers can be SPS, DPS. Their possible states are described in the Functional
Description chapter (C26x/EN FT). The FSS can be applied to the xPS datapoints
Each bit of the LSP datapoint is graphically created at OI level.
5.9.8 MASK OBJECT AND XPS TRIGGERS
5.9.8.1 MASK OBJECT

For each command breaker using into Fast Load Shedding, a PSL/FBD is created.
This PSL included the new MASK object.
One or more MASK object can be created into the FBD/PSL.
This MASK object has:
 One Input LSP value. The LSP value is GOOSE sending from ISaGRAF.
 Up to 16 xPS input triggers.
 One xPS output open/close breaker command.
5.9.8.2 TRIGGER DEFINITION
The triggers are standard xPS. As soon as they are used in a PSL, they are automatically GOOSE-defined
using the SBUS automatic addressing.
An xPS input Trigger is mapped on input bit priority MASK Object of PSL/FBD
The combination of the xPS input triggers and the ISaGRAF LSP (transmitted by GOOSE) process the
output PSL command datapoint (link to a breaker command).
The xPS input triggers state can be changed from:
 C26x front panel Fi input command

 Scada Equipment Simulator through ASE gateway
 OI button with SPC command and SPS feedback
 Other IED equipment
 Another C26x Fi
Wired triggers can be connected to extension rack or not.

Options:
 all xPS triggers are managed by the same C26x:
 xPS triggers comes from another C26x Fi:

 multiple MASK objects can be created into a FBD/PSL:
 xPS triggers comes from another C26x M, C26xP (frequency threshold), SPS from out of range
measurement:
5.9.9 TOPOLOGY CALCULATION

An ISaGRAF function allows defining if 2 units are connected:
is_connected_to (node1, node2, state) with state = connected, unconnected, uncertain, and node1 / node2
the reference of the nodes of the 2 units.
The FORCED <state> and SUBSTITUTED <state> status are taken into account as the normal <state> of
the datapoint in the topology calculation. The SUPPRESSED status is taken into account as the UNKNOWN
status.
Two nodes are connected if it exists at least one chain of units between the 2 nodes which are closed, forced
closed or substituted closed. Two nodes are unconnected if all chains of units between the 2 nodes are
open, forced open or substituted open. In all others cases, the status between two nodes is uncertain.

6 DEFINING A C26X LOCAL HMI

All types of C26x units can have a GHU200 board for led managing and possible local bay mimic panel
animations in case of complete GHU200 board (see section 3.3.3.2 Setting the specific features of a
GHU2x0 board).
6.1 DEFINING A BITMAP TABLE

To define C26x bay mimics, bitmaps are used. Their definition is located at graphic root of the data
modeling.
At C26x bay mimic definition level, objects only reference these bitmaps. So it is an easier way to propagate
a bitmap change for instance to all objects that reference it.
At SCE level, bitmap object definition is extended to embed animation: up to 5 elementary static bitmaps can
be grouped in a bitmap object:
 one (mandatory) for default representation

 one for ‘open’ (or reset) representation
 one for ‘closed’ (or set) representation
 one for ‘open withdrawn’ representation
 one for ‘closed withdrawn’ representation
Each representation corresponds to a filename containing the static bitmap definition.
To add a bitmap definition, select the Bitmap table level in the graphical topology add the Bitmap from the
Figure 313: Adding a bitmap
Once added, bitmap attributes must be set at SCE level:

(1) short name and long name: used for internal SCE identification
(2) reference index (range [0, 150]: that must be unique for the set of defined bitmaps. This index will be
used in bay mimic definition as described previously
(3) type (Single / 5-uple): single is used for static bitmap definition, 5-uple allows dynamic bitmap
definition as described previously
(4) file name by default: corresponds to the filename containing the bitmap definition used for default
representation
(5) file name for 'open' state : visible only if type is set to 5-uple: corresponds to the filename containing
the bitmap definition used for open state representation

(6) file name for 'closed' state : visible if type is set to 5-uple: corresponds to the filename containing the
bitmap definition used for closed state representation
(7) file name for 'withdrawn open' state: visible if type is set to 5-uple: corresponds to the filename
containing the bitmap definition used for withdrawn open state representation
(8) file name for 'withdrawn closed' state: (visible if type is set to 5-uple): corresponds to the filename
containing the bitmap definition used for withdrawn closed state representation
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Figure 314: Setting the attributes of a bitmap
Attributes (7) and (8) can be omitted if breakers and switchgears represented in bay mimic are not
concerned with withdrawn information.
To set a file name (attributes (4) to (8)) and define graphically a bitmap:
 select the attribute

 edit graphically a bitmap using the bitmap editor at SCE level
 save the graphical definition of the bitmap by giving a file name in bitmap editor
For details about bitmap editor usage refer to SCE/EN HI, Graphic Menu section.
Figure 315: Using the Bitmap Editor
Color usage in bitmap editor is not significant for C26x monochrome LCD.

 The "reference index" attribute value of each "Bitmap" of the "Bitmap table" must be unique
 Depending on the "type" attribute value, 1 or 5 PNG file(s) can be linked to a Bitmap.
For each one, the bitmap size must be  512 bytes
6.2 DEFINING A C26X WORKSPACE

Via a complete GHU200 board (see section 3.3.3.2 Setting the specific features of a GHU2x0 board), each
C26x with local HMI references a workspace that groups its bay mimic definitions. C26x workspaces cannot
be shared by several C26x units because mimics are local to bays managed by a specific C26x.
Up to 24 bay mimics can be put in a C26x workspace, and up to 2 mimics can be linked to the same bay.
Usual labels are used by C26x Local HMI. They are located for all C26x units LHMI in one object grouping all
translatable labels, located in “C26x workspaces” folder in Graphic topology.
6.2.1 SETTINGS LHMI LABELS

To modify a usual label used at C26x LHMI level, just select and update the corresponding attribute at LHMI
labels object.
Figure 316: Settings LHMI labels
6.2.2 CREATING A WORKSPACE

To add a C26x workspace, select the Graphic level and add the Comp. workspace from the contextual
Figure 317: Adding a C26x workspace
Once added, the C26x workspace general features must be set at SCE level:
 Indicate which GHU200 board is concerned by created workspace by filling the relation has for
workspace at concerned GHU board level (see section 3.3.3.2 Setting the specific features of a
GHU2x0 board).
 Setting the short and long name (1) attributes of the workspace used for internal SCE identification,
 Setting ‘local/remote password usage’ (No / Yes) attribute (2), to precise if password is required to set
Local/remote for bays managed by the C26x.

(1)
(2)
Figure 318: Setting the attributes of a C26x workspace
6.3 DEFINING A C26X BAY MIMIC
6.3.1 CREATING A C26X BAY MIMIC

To add a Bay mimic to a C26x, select the C26x workspace level and add the Bay mimic from the contextual
Figure 319: Adding a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, bay mimic general attributes must be set at SCE level:
(1) short name of the bay mimic used for internal SCE identification.
(2) bargraph representation (none / Horizontal / Vertical): this attributes defines which type of bar graph
is associated with an MV datapoint assigned to a bay mimic (see section 6.3.4 Assigning an MV to a
bay mimic).
(3) module name display (No / Yes) this attribute defines if module short names are displayed at mimic
level when a module is represented on bay mimic (see section 6.3.3 Defining dynamic part: pre-
defined dynamic text, generic module representation, transformer representation).
(4) Fill the relation represents, giving which bay is represented by the mimic (for details about bay see
section 5.1.4 Defining a Bay).
(5) If necessary, set the attribute mimic rank of the represents relation to correct value. This attribute is
used when 2 mimics are configured to display an entire bay: as bay is split in 2 representations, the
mimic rank attribute gives their display rank at C26x LHMI level (1 or 2).

Figure 320: Setting the Bay Mimic features
When adding a bay mimic at workspace level, its core structure (canvas) is automatically created and
displayed at SCE level, via bay mimic editor and in SCE tree browser. Its core structure consists of:
(1) Reserved zone for bay name display
(2) Reserved zone for bay local/remote display ((2’) in tree browser)
(3) Reserved zone for ‘interlocking bypass in progress’ information ((3’) in tree browser)
(4) Reserved zone for ‘synchrocheck bypass in progress’ information ((4’) in tree browser)
(5) Configurable zone for graphical representation of the bay (static and dynamic parts)

Figure 321: Core structure of a Bay Mimic
For more details about C26x LCD usage, refer to document User Interface (coded HI for Human Interface) of
DS Agile C26x documentation folders.
The configurable zone of a bay mimic can be split in two parts:
 A static part with no real-time animation

 A dynamic part with real-time animated representations.

 The C26x managing a bay represented by a "Bay mimic" must be the same as the one linked to the
"Comp. workspace" (computer workspace) of this "Bay mimic".
 A bay can be represented by 0, 1 or 2 "Bay mimic". Each represents relation has an attribute mimic
rank for the set of bay mimic. In the case of 2 relations, each attribute value must be unique.
 For a Computer, the maximum count of managed bays (relation is managed by) which are linked to a
"Bay mimic" (relation represents), is 12.
 Limits of the count of symbols:
Graphic
Comp. workspace
Bay mimic max = 24 / Comp. workspace
LHMI Transformer max = 9 / Bay mimic
LHMI Gen module
LHMI bitmap max = 5 / Bay mimic
LHMI line max = 30 / Comp. workspace max = 18 / Bay mimic
LHMI text max = 5 / Bay mimic (1 is reserved for the Bay name) + 1 reserved
… for the Bay name
S0285ENa
6.3.2 DEFINING THE STATIC PART: LINE, BITMAP, FIXED TEXT

The static part of a C26x bay mimic is described via graphical basic shapes:
 LHMI line: horizontal or vertical line with configurable thickness and length
 LHMI bitmap: bitmap that references a bitmap object in the bitmap table (see 6.1 Defining a bitmap)
where default representation is only taken into account
 Fixed text: multi-lingual fixed text

Once added, these elements automatically appear in the window of the bay mimic editor at SCE level.
 The coordinates (x, y) of a symbol must not be located outside the mimic area.

6.3.2.1 ADDING A LINE

To add a line in a bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the line from the contextual
Objects entry window:
Figure 322: Adding a line to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, line attributes must be set:

(1) short name of the line used for internal SCE identification
(2) x (range [0, 127 pixels], step 1 pixel): abscissa
(3) y (range [0, 127 pixels], step 1 pixel): ordinate
(4) length (range [1 pixel, 127 pixels], step 1 pixel)
(5) orientation (Horizontal / Vertical)
(6) thickness (range [1 pixel, 8 pixels], step 1 pixel)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Figure 323: Setting the attributes of a line
Abscissa, ordinate, length and thickness of a LHMI line can be directly adjusted with the mouse in bay mimic
editor (for detail, refer to the SCE user’s manual)

6.3.2.2 ADDING A BITMAP

To add a bitmap image to a bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the bitmap from the
Figure 324: Adding a bitmap to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, bitmap attributes must be set:

(1) short name of the line used for internal SCE identification
(4) bitmap reference: corresponds to a link in the bitmap table (see section 6.1 Defining a bitmap table)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Abscissa and ordinate of a bitmap can be directly adjusted with the mouse in bay mimic editor (for detail,
refer to SCE user’s manual)
 The link from an element to its bitmap is defined with the attribute "bitmap reference". The value of this
attribute must refer to an existing bitmap in the "Bitmap table".
6.3.2.3 ADDING A FIXED TEXT (PLAIN TEXT AREA)

To add a fixed text to a Bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the text from the contextual

Figure 326: Adding a fixed text to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, fixed text attributes must be set at SCE level:

(1) fixed text value: text to display at mimic level
Abscissa and ordinate of a fixed text can be directly adjusted with the mouse in bay mimic editor (for detail,
refer to SCE user’s manual). Text area length at bay mimic is automatically deduced from text value length
(attribute (1)).
6.3.3 DEFINING DYNAMIC PART: PRE-DEFINED DYNAMIC TEXT, GENERIC MODULE

REPRESENTATION, TRANSFORMER REPRESENTATION
To define dynamic part of C26x bay mimics, 3 types of objects are available:
 Pre-defined dynamic text, used:

 to display local/remote and SBMC status of the bay
 to manage Synchrocheck and interlock bypass during control sequence on the bay
 to display time and synchronization status
Generic module representation: used to display module status, linked to a specific SPS or DPS electrical
datapoint. Implicit link to possible xPC associated datapoint is given to C26x for command purpose at local
HMI level, via the existence of the relation is feedback of between the xPS and the xPC.
 A generic module is composed of 2 sub-objects:

 a name for display (mandatory)

 a ‘xPS muti-state’ for dynamic module state display (mandatory), referencing a dynamic bitmap
object in the bitmap table, and whose relation to a xPS datapoint (SPS or DPS) has to be filled up
to precise animation datapoint
 Transformer representation: used to display transformer module; linked to an optional Tap Position
Indicator. Transformer is composed of 5 sub-objects:
 a name for display (mandatory)
 a ‘TPI muti-state’ for transformer display (mandatory), referencing a dynamic bitmap object in the
bitmap table, and whose relation to a TPI datapoint can be filled up to precise the concerned
datapoint for the following animation
 an optional ‘current TPI value’ object to display dynamically the current value of the TPI,
 an optional ‘max TPI value’ object to display upper available value for the TPI
 an optional ‘min TPI value’ object to display lower available value for the TPI
6.3.3.1 ADDING TIME INFORMATION

To add time information to a Bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the time field from the
Figure 328: Adding time information to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, time information attributes must be set at SCE level:

(1) short name of the time information area used for internal SCE identification
Figure 329: Setting the time information attributes
Abscissa and ordinate of time information can be directly adjusted with the mouse in bay mimic editor (for
detail, refer to the chapter SCE/EN HI).

6.3.3.2 POSITIONING THE LOCAL/REMOTE STATE, THE SYNCHROCHECK BYPASS OR THE

INTERLOCK BYPASS
When creating a bay mimic, the following objects are implicitly created in the mimic at a pre-defined location:
(1) Interlock bypass ‘button’
(2) Local/remote status
(3) Synchrocheck bypass ‘button’
Depending on customer’s need, these data can be positioned at a different location:
 directly using mouse drag and drop in bay mimic editor

 by editing the abscissa and ordinate attributes of the object
Interlock bypass can be inhibited by setting the attribute Spare to Yes.
Figure 330: Positioning pre-defined text information in a Bay Mimic
6.3.3.3 ADDING AN SBMC INDICATION

To add an SBMC indication to a Bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add SMBC from the
Figure 331: Adding an SBMC indication into a C26x Bay Mimic
Depending on customer’s need, the SBMC indication can be positioned at any location in bay mimic:

 by editing the coordinates of the object

6.3.3.4 ADDING A GENERIC MODULE REPRESENTATION

In bay mimic, ‘LHMI Gen module’ is used for module dynamic representation. A ‘LHMI Gen module’ is a
graphical group constituted of:
 the dynamic representation itself (LHMI Gen module), that is linked to SPS or DPS datapoint and to a
dynamic bitmap in bitmap table
 the graphical name of the module (Name), always located on the right of the module representation
To add a generic module representation to a bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the
generic module from the contextual Objects entry window.
Figure 332: Adding a generic module to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, the representation features must be set at SCE level:

(1) short name of the representation used for internal SCE identification
(4) control availability (No / Yes): attribute to precise if control of the module can be directly done via
bay mimic. This attribute is significant if SPS/DPS linked to the generic module representation (via (5)
relation) is feedback of a control SPC or DPC. If so, control availability concerns this SPC/DPC
(5) Relation is managed by that must be filled to precise which SPS or DPS is used for bitmap animation
(6) multi-bitmap reference: corresponds to a link in the bitmap table (see section 6.1 Defining a bitmap
table)
(7) module name value: text displayed on LCD (up to 4 characters)

Figure 333: Setting the features of a generic module’s representation
Coordinates (x and y) of a generic module can be directly managed using mouse in bay mimic editor (for
detail, refer to SCE user’s manual).
 The link from an element to its bitmap is defined with the attribute: "bitmap reference". The value of
this attribute must refer to an existing bitmap in the "Bitmap table".
 The "Bitmap" linked to a "LHMI xPS MultiSt" MultiState must be defined as follows:
- its "type" attribute must be set to "5-uple" value
- its first 3 file names { "file name by default", "file name for 'open' state", "file name for 'closed' state" }
are mandatory and each one must be unique.
Furthermore, if the MultiState is linked to an SPS or DPS datapoint of a module containing a
"Withdrawn" SPS datapoint, through the is managed by relation, then the following constraints are
added to the "Bitmap" definition:
- its 2 file names { "file name for 'withdrawn open' state", "file name for 'withdrawn closed' state" } are
both mandatory and each one must be unique.
6.3.3.5 ADDING A TRANSFORMER REPRESENTATION

In bay mimic, ‘LHMI Transformer’ is used for dynamic transformer representation. A ‘LHMI transformer’ is a
graphical group constituted of:
 the dynamic representation itself (LHMI Gen module), that is linked to SPS or DPS datapoint and to a
dynamic bitmap in bitmap table
 the graphical name of the module (Name), always located on the right of the module representation

To add a transformer representation to a bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the
transformer from the contextual Objects entry window:
Figure 334: Adding a generic module to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, the representation features must be set:

(1) short name of the representation used for internal SCE identification.
(4) control availability (No / Yes): attribute to precise if control of the transformer can be directly done via
bay mimic. This attribute is significant if Raise/Lower DPC control exists for Tap changer built-in
function containing the TPI datapoint used for transformer animation (via (5) relation). If so, control
availability concerns this DPC.
(5) Relation is managed by that must be filled to precise which TPI is used for transformer animation.
(6) bitmap reference: corresponds to a link in the bitmap table (see section 6.1 Defining a bitmap table).
(7) module name value: name of the transformer: text displayed on LCD (up to 4 characters).

Figure 335: Setting the features of a transformer representation
Abscissa and ordinate of a transformer can be directly adjusted with the mouse in bay mimic editor (for
detail, refer to SCE user’s manual)
When adding a transformer representation, extra values about associated TPI datapoint can be placed in the
bay mimic:
 Current TPI value (dynamic)

 Maximum TPI value
 Minimum TPI value

To add a such TPI information to a bay mimic diagram, select the Bay mimic level and add the TPI field(s)
from the contextual Objects entry window:
Figure 336: Adding a TPI indication to a C26x Bay Mimic
Once added, TPI information can be positioned at a different location:

 by editing the X-coordinate and Y-coordinate attributes of the object
 The link from an element to its bitmap is defined with the attribute: "bitmap reference". The value of
this attribute must refer to an existing bitmap in the "Bitmap table".
6.3.4 ASSIGNING AN MV TO A BAY MIMIC

An MV datapoint is assigned to a specific bay mimic by adding the relation visualizes at bay mimic level and
filling it with the MV.
Figure 337: Assigning an MV datapoint to a Bay Mimic
Once the relation added and filled, its attributes scale must be set at SCE level:
 scale (120% / 200% / No bargraph), to precise which representation is used for the MV in the bay
mimic

Figure 338: Setting an MV representation in a Bay Mimic
 An MV datapoint visualized in a "Bay mimic" (relation visualizes) must belong to the bay represented
by the "Bay mimic" (relation "represents").
 For each visualized MV datapoint, the transmission on event attribute must be set neither to "Cyclic
short period" value nor to "Cyclic long period" value to avoid overflow of the Bay mimic input buffer.
6.4 DISPLAYING A DATAPOINT STATE THROUGH AN LED

SPS and DPS datapoint status can be displayed via the LEDs of the GHU200 board by adding the relation
has state displayed on at datapoint level (1). Only datapoints managed by the C26x can be displayed via
the LEDs of its GHU200 board.
(1)
Figure 339: Displaying a datapoint state through an LED (example for a Bay SPS datapoint)
Once added at SPS (resp. DPS) level, select the associated led (link) and the attributes:
 LED behaviour: used for alarm/ used for state

 Status for Set (resp 'Closed'): Off / On / Blinking slow / Blinking fast
 Status for Reset (resp 'Open'): Off / On / Blinking slow / Blinking fast
 Status for Invalid: Off / On / Blinking slow / Blinking fast
 Status for Transient (SPS only): On / Blinking slow

The values are relevant only for the attributes that follow:
Led used
For state For alarm
Data point
Status for ‘Set’ Status for ‘Reset’
SPS Status for ‘Transient’
Status for ‘Invalid’
Status for ‘Closed’ Status for
DPS –
‘'Open' Status for ‘Invalid’
Figure 340: Setting the LED state for a datapoint (SPS on the left/DPS on the right)
Configuration and checks
 If the HMI type attribute is set to "Simple", then Led#5 must not be assigned (no relation link from
Led#5 to any datapoint) as it is reserved for the Local/Remote indication on that front panel.

7 DEFINING PROTECTION FUNCTIONS
Note: Protection and Automatism functions are only available if the DS Agile C26x is fitted with TMU210 CT/VT
board.
7.1 GENERAL
Protection and automatism functions are respectively described in sections 10 and 11 of chapter
C26x/EN FT.
In the object view tree, the protection functions are associated with a relay (bay level). When the first
protection function is added to a bay, a relay is automatically added as a sub-component.
The following protections are available with DS Agile C26x units:
 Undervoltage protection ([27] function),

 Wattmetric Earth Fault protection ([32N] function),
 Undercurrent protection ([37] function),
 Negative Sequence Overcurrent protection ([46] function),
 Thermal Overload protection ([49] function),
 Overvoltage protection ([59] function)
 Residual Overvoltage protection ([59N] function),
 Directional overcurrent protection ([67] function),
 Directional Earth Fault protection ([67N] function),
 Overfrequency protection ([81O] function),
 Range Frequency protection ([81R] function),
 Underfrequency protection ([81U] function).
Ancillary functions are available to complement protection:
 I²t function (circuit-breaker maintenance)

 Voltage transformer supervision (fuse failure)

7.1.1 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE

In the object view tree, the following tree structure is used to present the protection functions:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 341: Tree structure for protection functions
Relay (1) object is automatically created when a protection function is added to the bay. Relay does not
contain attribute and cannot be edited.
Each Protection function sub-tree (2) contains a folder representing the associated thresholds (3). The
characteristics (4) (as instantaneous, time-delay, trip signal, and operation mode) and the links (5) of each
characteristic are settable.
7.1.2 DEFINING A PROTECTION FUNCTION

Adding a a protection function is done under SCE using the contextual Object entry window at bay level.
To add a protection function:
 Add the protection function from Objects entry (Built-in function, Relay built-in function sub-tree) at bay
level (1),
 The protection function (3) is added (Relay (2) is automatically added with the first protection function),
 Select the relay level (2) to display protection and automatic functions in the “Objects entry” area,
 Update the function attributes: short name and long name (4).

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Figure 342: Adding a protection function
7.2 [27] UNDERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
7.2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROTECTION FUNCTION

Undervoltage conditions may occur on a power system for a variety of reasons, for instance increased
system loading or complete loss of busbar voltage.
The undervoltage function [27] makes it possible to detect an increase of load. It uses definite time-delay
undervoltage protection.
The undervoltage protection element has two programmable stages (V<, V<<) associated with time-delays:
t V<, t V<<.
The two stages provide both alarm and trip thresholds, where required. Alternatively, different time
parameters are settable, depending on the severity of the voltage drop.
7.2.2 DEFINING THE [27] UNDERVOLTAGE PROTECTION FUNCTION

A [27] function is added at bay level from the contextual Objects entry window.
The protection function sub-tree contains 2 thresholds (1): threshold 1, threshold 2
The first threshold sub-tree contains four nodes:
 27 t1 inst. SPS (2): instantaneous undervoltage state for the first threshold, i.e. it is SET when the line
voltage is below the threshold V< VALUE. This SPS is necessarily a permanent signal (detection
mode attribute not settable).
 27 t1 mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding to
V< ? = ON, OR or AND. All the attributes are settable. If OR is selected, the first undervoltage stage
alarm is issued if at least one phase is faulted. If AND is selected, this alarm appears when the fault is
detected on all three phases.
 27 t1 temp. SPS (4) is state for the first time-delay, i.e. it is set when t V< is running. This datapoint is
necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 27 t1 trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first stage (Trip V<). The trip signal is necessarily a transient
(pulse) signal (detection mode attribute not settable). The time reference, set and reset delays are

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 343: [27] Undercurrent datapoints
Update the relations and the links of the datapoints to point to a specific existing profile.
threshold 2 contains the same datapoints as threshold 2:
 27 t2 inst. is identical to the 27 t1 inst. SPS for stage 2,

 27 t2 mode is identical to the 27 t1 mode MPS for stage 2,
 27 t2 temp. is identical to the 27 t1 temp. SPS for stage 2,
 27 t2 trip is identical to the 27 t1 trip SPS for stage 2.
7.3 [32N] WATTMETRIC EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

The directional earth fault protection provides three directional / non directional earth fault stages and two
wattmetric and active earth fault current thresholds.
It is possible to choose between Wattmetric (Pe>) protection and IeCos (active component of the earth fault
current) protection functionality mode.
The Pe> and Pe>> settings correspond to:
Vres x Ires x Cos ( – c) = 9 x V0 x I0 x Cos ( – c)
Where:
 = angle between the polarising voltage (-Vres) and the residual current
c = relay characteristic angle (RCA/torque angle)
Vres = residual voltage
Ires = residual current
V0 = zero sequence voltage
I0 = zero sequence current
The measurement of Pe depends on the voltage wiring of the unit. If there is no neutral voltage transformer,
Pe will be based on the neutral voltage derived from the vectorial sum of the phase voltages. If a neutral
voltage transformer is available, Pe will use the measured neutral voltage.

7.3.2 DEFINING THE WATTMETRIC EARTH FAULT PROTECTION FUNCTION

A [32N] function is added at bay level from the contextual Objects entry window.
The protection function sub-tree contains two thresholds (1): threshold 1 and threshold 2,
 32N t1 inst. SPS (2): instantaneous earth wattmetric state for the first threshold, i.e it is SET when the
earth power above the threshold Pe>. This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection
 32N t1 mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold. corresponding
to Pe> ? = ON or OFF. All the attributes are settable.
 32N t1 temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal for the first threshold corresponding to the t Pe > time-delay.
This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 32N t1 trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip Pe>). The trip signal is necessarily a
transient (pulse) signal (detection mode attribute not settable). The time reference, set and reset
delays are fixed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 344: [32N] Wattmetric Earth Fault datapoints
 32N t2 inst. is identical to the 32N t1 inst. SPS for threshold 2,

 32N t2 mode is identical to the 32N t1 mode MPS for threshold 2,
 32N t2 temp. is identical to the 32N t1 temp. SPS for threshold 2,
 32N t2 trip is identical to the 32N t1 trip SPS for threshold 2.

7.4 [37] UNDERCURRENT PROTECTION

The undercurrent function [37] makes it possible to detect a loss of load (for example the draining of a pump
or breakage of a conveyor belt). It uses definite time-delay undercurrent protection.
The undercurrent protection relays consists of one threshold. The user can set the following parameters:
 undercurrent threshold I<

 undercurrent time-delay tI<
The threshold provides alarm and trip stage, where required. Alternatively, the time setting is settable,
depending upon the severity of the current drop.
7.4.2 DEFINING THE [37] UNDERCURRENT PROTECTION FUNCTION

The sub-tree contains four nodes:
 37 t inst. SPS (2): instantaneous undercurrent status for the first threshold, i.e it is SET when the
current is below the threshold I< VALUE . This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection
 37 t mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding to
I< ? = ON or OFF. All the attributes are settable.
 37 t temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal for the first threshold, corresponding to the t I< time-delay. This
datapoint is a necessarily permanent signal (permanent detection mode attribute cannot be set).
 37 t trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip I<). This datapoint is necessarily a transient
fixed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 345: [37] Undercurrent datapoints

7.5 [46] NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT PROTECTION

When applying traditional phase overcurrent protection, the overcurrent elements must be set higher than
maximum load current, thereby limiting the sensitivity of the element. Most protection techniques also use an
earth fault element operating from residual current, which improves sensitivity for earth faults. However,
some faults may arise which can remain undetected by such techniques.
Any unbalanced fault condition will produce negative sequence current. Thus, a negative phase sequence
overcurrent element can detect both phase-to-phase and phase to earth faults.
The negative phase sequence overcurrent elements have overcurrent pick-up settings: I2>, I2>>, I2>>>, and
their operation is time-delayed by the settable time-delays tI2>, tI2>>, tI2>>>.
The protection element includes three thresholds. The first stage can have a DT or IDMT trip characteristic.
The curves are the same as for the [50/51], [50N/51N] protection function.
The three stages provide both alarm and trip thresholds, where required. Alternatively, different time-delays
are settable, depending on the severity of the overcurrent.
7.5.2 DEFINING A [46] NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT PROTECTION

FUNCTION
The protection function sub-tree contains three thresholds (1): threshold 1, threshold 2 and threshold 3.
 46 t inst. SPS (2): instantaneous negative sequence overcurrent status for the first threshold, i.e it is
SET when the negative-sequence current is above the theshold I2> VALUE. This datapoint is
 46 t mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding to
I2> ? = ON or OFF. All the attributes are settable.
 46 t temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal for the first threshold, corresponding to the t I2> time-delay. This
datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 46 t trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip I2>). This datapoint is necessarily a transient
fixed.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 346: [46] Negative Sequence Overcurrent datapoints
The contents of threshold 2 and threshold 3 are identical to the threshold 1.
 46 t2 inst. and 46 t3 inst. are identical to the 46 t1 inst. SPS for threshold 2 and threshold 3,
 46 t2 mode and 46 t3 mode are identical to the 46 t1 mode MPS for threshold 2 and threshold 3,
 46 t2 temp. and 46 t3 temp are identical to the 46 t1 temp. SPS for threshold 2 and threshold 3,
 46 t2 trip and 46 t3 mode are identical to the 46 t1 trip SPS for threshold 2 and threshold 3.
7.6 [49] THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION

Thermal overload protection can be used to prevent electrical plant from operating at temperatures in excess
of the designed maximum withstand.
Protection relays incorporate a current-based thermal replica, using load current to reproduce the heating
and cooling of the protected plant. The thermal overload protection element (49 th overload) can be set with
both alarm and trip threasholds (49 th alarm and 49 trip th over.).
The time to trip varies depending on the load current carried before application of the overload, i.e. whether
the overload was applied from “hot” or “cold”. Curves of the thermal overload time characteristic are given in
C26x/EN FT (Functional Description) chapter.

7.6.2 DEFINING THE [49] THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION FUNCTION

The protection function sub-tree contains one threshold, with four nodes:
 49 t mode MPS (2): operation mode of the protection function, corresponding to Thermal OL = ON or
OFF. All the attributes are settable.
 27 th alarm SPS (3): instantaneous thermal alarm status, corresponding to thermal alarm value. This
 27 th overload SPS (4): thermal overload status, corresponding to thermal alarm value. This
 27 trip th over. SPS (5): trip signal, corresponding to thermal trip. This datapoint is necessarily a
delays are fixed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 347: [46] Negative Sequence Overcurrent datapoints
7.7 [59] OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION

Undervoltage conditions are relatively common because they are related to fault conditions etc. However,
overvoltage conditions are also a possibility and are generally related to loss of load conditions as described
below.
Under conditions of load rejection, the supply voltage will increase in magnitude. This situation would
normally be rectified by voltage regulating equipment such as AVR’s or on-load tap changers. However,
failure of this equipment to bring the system voltage back within prescribed limits leaves the system with an
overvoltage condition which must be cleared in order to preserve the life of the system insulation. Hence,
overvoltage protection that is suitably time delayed to allow for normal regulator action, may be applied.
During earth fault conditions on a power system there may be an increase in the healthy phase voltages.
Ideally, the system should be designed to withstand such overvoltages for a defined period of time. Normally,
there will be a primary protection element employed to detect the earth fault condition and to issue a trip
command if the fault is uncleared after a nominal time. However, it would be possible to use an overvoltage
element as a back-up protection in this instance. A single stage of protection would be sufficient, having a
definite time delay.

7.7.2 DEFINING THE [59] OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION FUNCTION

To add a [59] Overvoltage protection function, see section 7.1.2 – Defining a protection function.
The protection function sub-tree contains 2 thresholds (1): threshold 1, threshold 2
 59 t1 inst. SPS (2): instantaneous overvoltage state for the first threshold, i.e. it is SET when the line
voltage is below the V> VALUE threshold. This SPS is necessarily a permanent signal (detection
 59 t1 mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding to
V> ? = ON, OR or AND. All the attributes are settable. If OR is selected, the first overvoltage stage
alarm is issued if at least one phase is faulted. If AND is selected, this alarm appears when the fault is
detected on all three phases.
 59 t1 temp. SPS (4) is state for the first time-delay, i.e. it is set when t V> is running. This datapoint is
 59 t1 trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first stage (Trip V> trip). The trip signal is necessarily a transient
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 348: [27] Overcurrent datapoints
 27 t2 inst. is identical to the 27 t1 inst. SPS for stage 2,

 27 t2 mode is identical to the 27 t1 mode MPS for stage 2,
 27 t2 temp. is identical to the 27 t1 temp. SPS for stage 2,
 27 t2 trip is identical to the 27 t1 trip SPS for stage 2.

7.8 [59N] RESIDUAL OVERVOLTAGE (NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT)

PROTECTION

On a healthy three-phase power system, the sum of the three phase-to-earth voltages is nominally zero, as it
results from the sum of three balanced vectors at 120° to one another. However, when an earth fault occurs
on the primary system this balance is upset and a ‘residual’ voltage is produced. This can be measured, for
example, at the secondary terminals of a voltage transformer having a “broken delta” secondary connection.
Hence, a residual voltage-measuring relay can be used to offer earth fault protection on such a system. Note
that this condition causes a rise in the neutral voltage with respect to earth, which is commonly referred to as
“neutral voltage displacement”.
The voltage setting applied to the protection elements is dependent upon the magnitude of residual voltage
that is expected to occur during an earth fault condition.
This in turn is dependent upon the method of system earthing employed. It must also be ensured that the
relay is set above any standing level of residual voltage that is present on the system.
The protection element has one programmable element Uen> with a time-delay tUen>.
7.8.2 DEFINING THE [59N] RESIDUAL OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION FUNCTION

To add the [59N] Residual Overvoltage protection function, see section 7.1.2 – Defining a protection
function.
The protection function sub-tree contains one threshold with four nodes:
 59N t inst. SPS (2): instantaneous zero sequence overvoltage status, i.e. it is SET when the residual
voltage is above the threshold Uen> VALUE. This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal
(detection mode attribute not settable).
 59N t mode MPS (3), operation mode of the protection function, corresponding to Uen> ? = ON or
OFF. All the attributes are settable.
 59N t temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal corresponding to the tUen> time-delay. This datapoint is
 59N t trip SPS (5). trip signal for the first threshold (Trip Un>). This trip signal is necessarily a
delays are fixed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 349: [59N] Residual Overvoltage datapoints

7.9 [67] DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT PROTECTION

If a fault current can flow in both directions through a relay location, it is necessary to add directionality to the
overcurrent relays in order to obtain correct co-ordination. Typical systems that require such protection are
parallel feeders and ring main systems.
In order to give directionality to an overcurrent relay, it is necessary to provide it with a suitable reference, or
polarising signal. The reference generally used is the system voltage, as its angle remains relatively constant
under fault conditions.
Each directional threshold consists of:
 a Current threshold,
 a Relay Characteristic Angle angle (IÛ) / Torque angle and Trip boundary zone.
The directional overcurrent protection element compares the directional fault current, residual voltage with
the set thresholds I>, U>, I>>, U>>, I>>>, U>>> and the relevant angle between I and U for each threshold.
The first and second thresholds can be set as directional or non-directional and with a definite or inverse
time-delay. The third threshold can be set as directional or non-directional with a definite time-delay only, but
can be set to operate on the peak of the current measured in non-directional way.
The protection elements trip when the following conditions occur:
 The phase current exceeds the set overcurrent threshold,

 The current vector lies within the trip boundary zone.
The choice of interlock functionality is available when the IDMT delay trip time is chosen on the first
threshold: The 2nd and 3rd threshold pickup can suspend 1st threshold output control to save selectivity.
7.9.2 DEFINING THE [67] DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT PROTECTION FUNCTION

The first threshold sub-tree contains six nodes:
 67 t1 in dir rev SPS (2): instantaneous non-directional (reverse) overcurrent status for the first
threshold, i.e. it is SET when the current is above the non directional threshold I> VALUE. This
datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (permanent detection mode attribute is not settable).
 67 t1 inst. SPS (3): instantaneous directional overcurrent status for the first threshold, i.e. it is SET
when the current is above the directional threshold I> VALUE. This datapoint is necessarily a
permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 67 t1 interlock SPS (4): interlock status (I> >> >>> Interlock). This datapoint is available for the first
threshold only. It is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 67 t1 mode MPS (5): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold (I> ? = ON, OFF
or DIR). All the attributes are settable.
 67 t1 temp. SPS (5): time-delay for the first threshold, corresponding to the t I> time-delay. The time-
delay datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 67 t1 trip SPS (6): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip I>). The trip signal is necessarily a transient
(pulse) signal (transient detection mode not settable). The time reference, set and reset delays are
fixed.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Figure 350: [67] Directional Overcurrent datapoints
The contents of threshold 2 and threshold 3 are similar to threshold 1.
 67 t2 in dir rev and 67 t3 in dir rev are identical to the 67 t1 in dir rev SPS for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67 t2 inst. and 67 t3 inst. are identical to the 67 t1 inst. SPS,
 the 67 t1 interlock menu does not exist for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67 t2 mode and 67 t2 mode are identical to the 67 t1 mode MPS for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67 t2 temp. and 67 t2 temp. are identical to the 67 t1 temp. SPS for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67 t2 trip and 67 t2 trip are identical to the 67 t1 trip SPS for thresholds 2 and 3.
7.10 [67N] DIRECTIONAL EARTH FAULT PROTECTION

The directional earth fault protection function provides three directional / non directional earth fault thresholds
and two wattmetric and active earth fault thresholds (see section 7.3 – [32N] Wattmetric Earth Fault
protection for more details about this protection function).
The directional earth fault protection element compares the earth fault current and the residual voltage with
the set thresholds Ie>, Ue>, Ie>>, Ue>>, Ie>>>, Ue>>>, as well as the relevant angle between Ie and Ue for
each threshold.
The first and second thresholds can be associated with definite or inverse time-delays. The third current
threshold can be set directional or non-directional but only with a definite time-delay setting.
The protection elements trip when the following conditions occur:
 the thresholds for Ie and Ue are exceeded (earth fault protection element)
 the Ie current vector is in the tripping area (IeÛe)
 Ie [mA] + Ue [V] > 18 (Ien=1A) or Ie [mA] + Ue [V] > 90 (Ien=5A)
 the trip time-delay elapses

The peak detection is applied where a CT saturation condition occurs and the measurement is not more
trustworthy.
The reset time-delay for each threshold provides protection against intermittent faults.
The choice of interlock functionality is available when the IDMT delay trip time is chosen on the first
threshold: The 2nd and 3rd threshold pickup can suspend 1st threshold output control to save selectivity.
7.10.2 DEFINING THE [67N] DIRECTIONAL EARTH FAULT PROTECTION FUNCTION

The first threshold sub-tree contains six nodes:
 67N t1 in dir rev SPS (2): instantaneous non-directional earth fault status for the first threshold, i.e. it
is SET when the neutral current is above the non-directional threshold Ie> VALUE. This datapoint is
 67N t1 inst. SPS (3): instantaneous directional earth fault status for the first threshold, i.e. it is SET
when the neutral current is above the directional threshold Ie> VALUE. This datapoint is necessarily a
 67N t1 interlock SPS (4): Interlock status (Ie> >> >>> Interlock). This status is available for the first
threshold only. This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not
settable).
 67N t1 mode (5): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold (Ie> ? = ON, OFF or
DIR). All the attributes can be modified.
 67N t1 temp. (5): time-delay signal for the first threshold, corresponding to the t Ie> time-delay. The
time-delay signal is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 67N t1 trip (6). trip signal for the first threshold (Trip Ie>). The trip signal is necessarily a transient
fixed.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Figure 351: [67N] Directional earth fault sub-tree
The contents of threshold 2 and “threshold 3” are similar to threshold 1.
 67N t2 in dir rev and 67N t3 in dir rev are identical to the 67N t1 in dir rev SPS for thresholds 2
and 3,
 67N t2 inst. and 67N t3 inst. are identical to the 67N t1 inst. SPS for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67N t1 interlock menu does not exist for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67N t2 mode and 67N t2 mode are identical to the 67N t1 mode MPS for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67N t2 temp. and 67N t2 temp. are identical to the 67N t1 temp. SPS for thresholds 2 and 3,
 67N t2 trip and 67N t2 trip are identical to the 67N t1 trip SPS for thresholds 2 and 3.
7.11 [81O] OVERFREQUENCY PROTECTION

Overfrequency running of a generator arises when the mechanical power input to the machine exceeds the
electrical output. This could happen, for instance, when there is a sudden loss of load due to tripping of an
outgoing feeder from the plant to a load center. Under such over speed conditions, the governor should
respond quickly so as to obtain a balance between the mechanical input and electrical output, thereby
restoring normal frequency. Over frequency protection is required as a back-up to cater for slow response of
frequency control equipment.
Following faults on the network, or other operational requirements, it is possible that various subsystems will
be formed within the power network and it is likely that each of these subsystems will suffer from a
generation to load imbalance. The “islands” where generation exceeds the existing load will be subject to
overfrequency conditions, the level of frequency being a function of the percentage of excess generation.

An example of two-stage over frequency protection is shown below using thresholds 5 and 6 of the
overfrequency element. However, it should be considered that settings for a real system will depend upon
the maximum frequency that equipment can tolerate for a given period of time.
Stage Overfrequency element Frequency Setting (Hz) Time Setting (Sec.)
1 threshold 5 50.5 30
2 threshold 6 51.0 20
The relatively long time-delays are intended to provide time for the system controls to respond and will work
well in a situation where the increase of system frequency is slow.
7.11.2 DEFINING THE [81O] OVERFREQUENCY PROTECTION FUNCTION

A [81O] function is added at bay level from the contextual Objects entry window.
To add [81O] Overfrequency protection function, see section 7.1.2 – Defining a protection function.
The protection function sub-tree contains six thresholds (1) from threshold 1 up to threshold 6.
 81O t1 inst. SPS (2) is the instantaneous overfrequency status for the first threshold, i.e. it is SET
when the frequency is above the threshold f1 VALUE. This datapoint is necessarily a permanent
signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 81O t1 mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding
to f1 ? = MAX. All the attributes are settable.
 81O t1 temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal for the first threshold, corresponding to tf1. This datapoint is
 81O t1 trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip f1). This datapoint is necessarily a transient
fixed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 352: [81O] Overfrequency datapoints
The contents of threshold 2 to 6 are identical to the threshold 1.

 81O t2 inst. to 81O t6 inst. are identical to the 81O t1 inst. SPS for thresholds 2 to 6
 81O t2 mode to 81O t6 mode are identical to the 81O t1 mode MPS for thresholds 2 to 6
 81O t2 temp. to 81O t6 temp. are identical to the 81O t1 temp. SPS for thresholds 2 to 6
 81O t2 trip to 81O t6 trip are identical to the 81O t1 trip SPS for thresholds 2 to 6
7.12 [81R] RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY PROTECTION

The rate of change of frequency protection function allows the user to select the number of cycles to be
involved in the calculation of the rate of change of frequency elements, and the number of confirmations of
calculation for positioning the protection function.
In fact, the instantaneous element is positioned after exceeding the threshold for a programmable number of
df/dt function calculation.
When the input voltage value is insufficient this will lead to irregular behavior and it is possible that the
frequency elements could maloperate.
This is important during line energisation, de-energisation or a generator acceleration where significant
distortion can be experienced. To prevent the maloperation, all the frequency elements and related
thresholds are blocked by means of a settable U/V blocking function.
7.12.2 DEFINING THE [81R] RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY PROTECTION

FUNCTION
A [81R] function is added at bay level from the contextual Objects entry window.
 81R t1 inst. SPS (2) is instantaneous rate of change status for the first threshold, corresponding to the
threshold df/dt1 VALUE. This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal (detection mode attribute
not settable).
 81R t1 mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding
to df/dt ? = ON or OFF. All the attributes are settable.
 81R t1 temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal for the first threshold, corresponding to t df/dt1. This
 81R t1 trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip df/dt). This datapoint is necessarily a
transient (pulse) signal (transient detection mode not settable). The time reference, set and reset
delays are fixed.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 353: [81R] Rate of change of Frequency datapoints
The contents of threshold 2 to 6 are identical to the threshold 1.
 81R t2 inst. to 81R t6 inst. are identical to the 81R t1 inst. SPS for thresholds 2 to 6,
 81R t2 mode to 81R t6 mode are identical to the 81R t1 mode MPS for thresholds 2 to 6,
 81R t2 temp. to 81R t6 temp. are identical to the 81R t1 temp. SPS for thresholds 2 to 6,
 81R t2 trip to 81R t6 trip are identical to the 81R t1 trip SPS for thresholds 2 to 6.
7.13 [81U] UNDERFREQUENCY PROTECTION

Frequency variations on a power system are an indication that the power balance between generation and
load has been lost. In particular, underfrequency implies that the net load is in excess of the available
generation. Such a condition can arise when an interconnected system splits, and the load left connected to
one of the subsystems is in excess of the capacity of the generators in that particular subsystem. Industrial
plants that are dependent on utilities to supply part of their loads will experience underfrequency conditions
when the incoming lines are lost.
In order to minimize the effects of underfrequency on a system, a multi stage load shedding scheme may be
used with the plant loads prioritized and grouped. During an underfrequency condition, the load groups are
disconnected sequentially depending on the level of underfrequency, with the highest priority group being the
last one to be disconnected.
Time delays should be sufficient to override any transient dips in frequency, as well as to provide time for the
frequency controls in the system to respond.
7.13.2 DEFINING THE [81U] UNDERFREQUENCY PROTECTION FUNCTION

A [81U] function is added at bay level from the contextual Objects entry window.
To add [81U] Underfrequency protection function, see section 7.1.2 – Defining a protection function.

 81U t1 inst. SPS (2) is instantaneous underfrequency status for the first threshold, i.e. it is SET when
the frequency is under the threshold f1 VALUE. This datapoint is necessarily a permanent signal
 81U t1 mode MPS (3): operation mode of the protection function for the first threshold, corresponding
to f1 ? = MIN. All the attributes are settable.
 81U t1 temp. SPS (4): time-delay signal for the first threshold, corresponding to tf1. This datapoint is
 81U t1 trip SPS (5): trip signal for the first threshold (Trip f1). This datapoint is necessarily a transient
(pulse) signal (transient detection mode not settable). The time reference, set and reset delays are
fixed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 354: [81R] Rate of change of Frequency sub-tree
The contents of threshold 2 to 6 are identical to threshold 1.
 81U t2 inst. to 81U t6 inst. are identical to the 81U t1 inst. SPS for thresholds 2 to 6,
 81U t2 mode to 81U t6 mode are identical to the 81U t1 mode MPS for thresholds 2 to 6,
 81U t2 temp. to 81U t6 temp. are identical to the 81U t1 temp. SPS for thresholds 2 to 6,
 81U t2 trip to 81U t6 trip are identical to the 81U t1 trip SPS for thresholds 2 to 6.
7.14 ANCILLARY FUNCTIONS
7.14.1 I²T FUNCTION (CIRCUIT-BREAKER MAINTENANCE)

The I²t function is described in C26x/EN FT. It is associated with a directional overcurrent protection (ANSI
67).
(1) Define in the electrical hierarchy the eight Module MVs that follow

(2) Define in the system hierarchy a TMU210 board, select it and open the wiring window (click the
Wiring perspective icon in the upper toolbar, or click the menu Window/Wiring editor and/or click
the Wiring button in the lower toolbar)
(3) Fill in the table as explained in C26x/EN AP, section 4.6.3; to speed up the input of successive
phases, select the row of the first entered phase (here C) and click Insert; the following phase
measure type is autofilled
As a result, the relations is computed by: TMU210 are created under each of the eight datapoints. To
sort the rows per phase, click the measure type header.
(4) Select in the contextual Objects entry window the built-in function I²t:
An SPS indicates the on/off status. Its attributes are as follows:

An SPC is used to reset all the measurements:
7.14.2 VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER SUPERVISION (VTS)
7.14.2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE VTS FUNCTION

The VTS function implemented in the C26x uses a combination of three detection methods:
 Single- or two-phase fuse failures: Voltage imbalance and no fault currents

 Three-phase fuse failures (optional): No voltages and no superimposed currents
 Miniature circuit-breaker input: Digital input from the voltage transfomer's MCB, indicating that it has
tripped
The VTS function is described in detail in chapter FT.
The VTS function is available at Bay level from the contextual Object entry window, in the Built-in
function\Relay built-in function list with the protection functions.
7.14.2.2 DEFINING THE VTS FUNCTION

Settings:
The VTS function is enabled by setting this attribute to On.
 VT Fuse supervision function state (On, Off): Enable or disable the VTS function
For single- and two-phase fuse failures, the VTS function has 5 settable analogue thresholds:
 Residual threshold in Vn (range [0.1 Vn, Vn], step 0.1 Vn): Residual voltage threshold VN>
 Reverse threshold in Vn (range [0.1 Vn, Vn], step 0.1 Vn): Negative-sequence voltage threshold V2>
 Homopolar current threshold in In (range [0.1 In, In], step 0.01 In): Zero-sequence current threshold
I0>
 Reverse current threshold in In (range [0.1 In, In], step 0.01 In): Negative-sequence current
threshold I2>
 Overcurrent threshold in In (range [0.1 In, In], step 0.01 In): Phase overcurrent threshold I> (setting
for IA>, IB> and IC>)

A separate method is used to detect three-phase fuse failures. It is enabled separately and uses 2 settable
analogue thresholds:
 3Phase VT Fuse failre (On, Off): Enable or disable three-phase fuse failure detection
 Current variation threshold in In (range [0.05 In, 0.5 In], step 0.05 In): Phase superimposed current
threshold ΔI> (setting for ΔIA>, ΔIB> and ΔIC>)
 Undervoltage threshold in Vn (range [0.1 Vn, Vn], step 0.1 Vn): Phase undervoltage threshold V<
(setting for VA<, VB< and VC<)
Confirmation time-delay:
 VT Fuse delay in seconds (range [0, 20 s], step 1 s): Time-delay between instantaneous fuse-failure
detection and the issuance of the confirmed fuse failure signal.
Inputs and outputs:
The VTS function has three logic inputs:
 NO.AR.PROG: Internal information: SET when no autoreclose cycle is in progress, received from an
internal FBD logic scheme
 ALL.POLE.DEAD: Internal information: SET when all three CB poles are open
 VT.FUSE.FAIL: Wired signal received from the VT's miniature circuit-breaker, SET when the MCB is
open
The VTS function generates two outputs:
 VT.FUSE.INST: SPS datapoint, instantaneous, unconfirmed fuse failure indication

 VT.FUSE.TEMP: SPS datapoint, time-delayed, confirmed fuse failure signal
Figure 355: VT Fuse Supervision – Datapoints and attributes
Drop-off thresholds:
The drop-off thresholds are fixed at +/- 5% of the nominal value for the set pick-up thresholds, i.e. 95% for
'over' (>) thresholds and 105% for 'under' (<) thresholds.
Accuracy in reference conditions:
The accuracy of the detection of voltage and current threshold crossings is 0.5% of the nominal value for the
set threshold values.

8 DEFINING AUTOMATISM FUNCTIONS
Note: Protection and Automatism functions are only available if the DS Agile C26x is fitted with TMU210 CT/VT
board.
8.1 GENERAL
Protection and automatism functions are respectively described in sections 10 and 11 of chapter
C26x/EN FT. In the object view tree, the automatism functions are associated with a relay (bay level). When
automatism is added to a bay, a relay is automatically added as a sub-component.
The automatism function contains the following components:
 2 protection group,
 [50BF] breaker failure,
 blocking protection,
 cold load start,
 logic selectivity,
 maintenance,
 miscellaneous,
 overcurrent phase segregation
 trip management,
 trip current measurement.
8.2 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE

In the object view tree, the automatism function contains the following architecture:
Figure 356: Automatism sub-tree

The relay (1) object is automatically created when automatism function is added to the bay. It does not
contain any attribute and cannot be edited.
The automatism sub-tree (2) contains folders corresponding to the automatic control functions (3). The
respective nodes and datapoints associated with these functions (4) are configurable.
8.2.1 ADDING THE AUTOMATISM FUNCTION

The addition of automatism function is done under SCE using the Object entry contextual window at bay
level.
Figure 357: Adding automatism functions
To add the automatism function:
 Add the automatism function using the Object entry contextual window (Built-in function, Relay built-
in function sub-tree) at bay level (1),
 The automatism function (3) is added (Relay (2) is automatically added with the first protection
function),
 Update the function attributes: short name and long name (4).

8.3 PROTECTION SETTING GROUPS
8.3.1 DESCRIPTION
The DS Agile C26x protection and control units have two protection related setting groups named
PROTECTION G1 and PROTECTION G2 when a TMU210 board is fitted. Only one of two setting groups is
active at any one time.
Changes between the two groups are executed via a dedicated logic input, or through the Ethernet
communication port.
To avoid any undesirable tripping, the setting group change is only executed when none protection function
is running excepted than for thermal overload function.
If a setting group change is received during any protection or automation function, it is stored and executed
after the last time-delay has elapsed.
8.3.2 SETTING “2 PROTECTION GROUP” AUTOMATISM FUNCTIONS

The “2 protection group” function sub-tree contains two datapoints:
 active prot. grp SPS: active protection number (group 1 or group 2). This input is a permanent signal
 set active group SPC: active setting group control. The activation mode of this control is set to
permanent.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 358: Setting ‘2 protection group’
8.4 [50BF] BREAKER FAILURE PROTECTION
8.4.1 DESCRIPTION
Following the inception of a fault one or more main protection devices will operate and issue a trip output to
the circuit-breaker(s) associated with the faulted circuit. Operation of the circuit-breaker is essential to isolate
the fault, and prevent damage or further damage to the power system.
For transmission and sub-transmission systems, slow fault clearance can also threaten system stability. It is
therefore common practice to install circuit-breaker failure protection [50BF], which monitors that the circuit-
breaker has opened within a reasonable time. If the fault current has not been interrupted following a set
time-delay from circuit-breaker trip initiation, breaker failure protection will operate.
[50BF] operation can be used to back-trip upstream circuit-breakers to ensure that the fault is isolated
correctly. [50BF] can also operate to reset all start output contacts, by external logic, ensuring that any
blocks asserted on upstream protection are removed.

8.4.2 SETTING “[50BF] BREAKER FAILURE” AUTOMATISM FUNCTIONS

The “[50BF] breaker failure” function sub-tree contains two datapoints:
 break fail SPS (2): breaker failure status. This input is a permanent signal (permanent detection
mode attribute cannot be modified).
 break fail mode MPS (3): breaker failure mode control. All the attributes can be modified.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 359: Setting ‘[50BF] breaker failure’
8.5 BLOCKING PROTECTION
8.5.1 DESCRIPTION
The directional, non directional overcurrent and overcurrent protection are applicable for radial feeder circuits
where there is small or no back feed.
This application shows that the upstream IDMT relay being blocked by the start output from a downstream
relay that has detected the presence of a fault current, which is above its threshold settings. Thus both the
upstream and downstream relays can then have the same current and the blocking feature will automatically
provide time settings and grading. If the CB failure protection function is active, the blocking order on the
upstream relay will be removed if the downstream circuit-breaker fails to trip.
8.5.2 SETTING ‘BLOCKING PROTECTION’ AUTOMATISM FUNCTIONS

The “Blocking protection” function sub-tree contains four datapoints:
 bloc CO status SPS is the blocking protection command status input. This input is necessarily a
 bloc DI status SPS is the blocking protection digital input status. This input is necessarily a
 block protection SPC is the blocking protection control. The activation mode of this control is set to
permanent.
 DI bloc SPS is the digital input blocking status. This input is necessarily a permanent signal

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 360: Setting ‘Blocking protection’
8.6 COLD LOAD START
8.6.1 DESCRIPTION
In a protection relay, the Cold Load Pick-up (or "start") feature enables the selected settings to be changed
to react to temporary overload conditions that may occur during cold load starts.
This condition may occur by switching on large heating loads after a sufficient cooling period, or loads that
draw high initial starting currents.
When a feeder is energised, the current levels that flow for a period of time following energising may differ
greatly from the normal load levels. Consequently, overcurrent settings that have been applied to give short
circuit protection may not be suitable during this period.
The Cold Load Pick-up logic raises the settings of selected stages for a set duration. This allows the
protection settings to be set closer to the load profile by automatically increasing them after energising.
8.6.2 SETTING ‘COLD LOAD START’ AUTOMATISM FUNCTION

The “Cold load start” function sub-tree (1) contains two datapoints:
 cls DI status SPS (2): status of the cold load start digital input status. This input is a permanent signal
 DI CLS SPS (3): cold load start digital input status. This input is a permanent signal (detection mode
attribute not settable).

(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 361: Setting ‘cold load start’
8.7 LOGIC SELECTIVITY
8.7.1 DESCRIPTION
The Logic selectivity is used in non-cascade protection schemes, using the start contacts from downstream
relays to block operation of upstream relays.
In the case of selective overcurrent logic, the start contacts are used to increase the time-delays of upstream
relays, instead of blocking them. This provides an alternative approach to achieving a non-cascade type of
overcurrent scheme. It may be more familiar to some utilities than the blocked overcurrent arrangement.
The selective overcurrent logic function temporarily increases the time-delay settings of the second and third
stages of phase overcurrent.
8.7.2 SETTING ‘LOGIC SELECTIVITY’ AUTOMATISM FUNCTION

The “logic selectivity” function sub-tree (1) contains four datapoints:
 DI sel SPS (2): digital input selectivity status. This input is necessarily a permanent signal (detection
 log. selectivity SPC (3): logic selectivity control. The activation mode of this control is set to
permanent.
 sel CO status SPS (4): logic selectivity command status. This input is necessarily a permanent signal
 sel DI status SPS (5): logic selectivity digital input status. This input is necessarily a permanent signal

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Figure 362: Setting ‘logic selectivity’
8.8 MAINTENANCE
8.8.1 DESCRIPTION
The maintenance mode allows the user to verify the operation of the protection functions without sending
any external order (tripping or signalling).
The maintenance function is used when the selection or the end of the maintenance mode is possible by
logic input or control command.
8.8.2 SETTING ‘MAINTENANCE’ AUTOMATISM MENU

The “logic selectivity” function sub-tree (1) contains four datapoints:
 maintenance SPS (2): maintenance status. This input is a permanent signal (detection mode
attribute not settable).
 maintenance mode SPC (3): control of the mode of maintenance. The activation mode of this control
is set to permanent.
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 363: Setting ‘Maintenance’

8.9 MISCELLANEOUS
8.9.1 DESCRIPTION
The “Miscellaneous” subtree contains the following automatism functions:
 digital input start disturbance status,

 frequency protection status,
 protection state status,
 Reset thermal status control,
 start disturbance control,
 synthesis of instantaneous fault signals status,
 synthesis of time-delay signals status,
 synthesis of trip signals status.
8.9.2 SETTING ‘MISCELLANEOUS’ AUTOMATISM MENU

The “Miscellaneous” function sub-tree (1) contains eight datapoints:
 DI start disturb SPS (2) (start disturbance digital Input status). This input is a permanent signal
 Feq 81 invalid SPS (3) corresponds to frequency invalid (overfrequency, underfrequency or out of
range frequency) status. This input is a permanent signal (detection mode attribute not settable).
 protection state MPS (4) (protection state status). All the attributes can be modified.
 reset thermal st SPC (5) (thermal reset status). The activation mode of this control is set to
permanent.
 start dist ctrl SPC (6) (start disturbance control). The activation mode of this control is set to
permanent.
 synthesis inst. SPS (7) (Synthesis of instantaneous). This input is a permanent signal (detection
 synthesis temp. SPS (8) (Synthesis of temporisation). This input is a permanent signal (detection
 synthesis trip SPS (9) (Synthesis of trip). This input is a permanent signal (detection mode attribute
not settable).

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Figure 364: Setting ‘Miscellaneous’
8.10 TRIP MANAGEMENT
8.10.1 DESCRIPTION
The trip management corresponds to trip relay control and trip status.
8.10.2 SETTING ‘MAINTENANCE’ AUTOMATISM MENU

The “Maintenance” function sub-tree (1) contains eight datapoints:
 trip relay ctrl SPC (2) (trip relay control status). The activation mode of this control is set to
permanent.
 trip status SPS (3) (trip status datapoint). This input is necessarily a permanent signal (detection
(1)
(2)
(3)
Figure 365: Setting ‘trip management’

8.11 TRIP CURRENT MEASUREMENT INDICATION

If at least one standard directional/non-directional overcurrent protection function ([67/50/51] or/and
[67N/50N/51N]) is defined and the acquisition of the three phase currents is configured (IN is optional), it is
possible to configure a trip current indication built-in function which will record the three phase currents – and
optionally the neutral current – at the time of the trip command decision.
These measurements are then processed as standard MVs and can be displayed on the C264P's front panel
LCD or/and forwarded to the OI or/and the SCADA via the Ethernet network.
4 MVs are available:
 Trip.current.A
 Trip.current.B
 Trip.current.C
 Trip.current.N (optional)
These measurements are individually added under relay/automatism/Trip current measurement:
Figure 366: Adding a trip current measurement built-in function
Note:
If the measurements are configured but no overcurrent protection function is defined, the SCE's Checks window will
display an error message when it is next refreshed (after pressing F6).
If the trip current indication function is defined but any of the 3 phase current measurements is missing, the SCE's
Checks window will display an error message when it is next refreshed (after pressing F6).
Defining a Trip current measurement built-in function (relay folder)

The Trip current measurement indication function is described in C264P/EN FT. It is associated with a
standard overcurrent protection function.
Set the attributes for the 3 (or 4 if the neutral current is available) measurements: they are the same as those
of a standard MV.

8.12 OVERCURRENT/BREAKER FAILURE PHASE SEGREGATION: DEFINING

FAULTED CIRCUIT/FAILED CB POLE INDICATION
The overcurrent phase segregation function is automatically created when the automatism group is
added.
If at least one standard directional/non-directional overcurrent protection function ([67/50/51] or/and
[67N/50N/51N]) is defined and the acquisition of the three phase currents is configured (IN is optional), it is
possible to add phase fault datapoints to manage faulted circuit indication for the three phases, and
optionally the neutral circuit, at the time of the trip command decision.
These indications are then processed as permanent SPS datapoints that will be reset when all the conditions
that have initiated the event disappear. The corresponding events (faulted circuit/ failed CB pole and time-
stamp) can be displayed in the Events panel of the unit's LCD or/and the Events view of the OI as well as
forwarded to the SCADA via the Ethernet network.
7 SPS datapoints are available, one for each circuit and each circuit-breaker pole:
 Phase A overcurrent: Ia phase fault

 Phase B overcurrent: Ib phase fault
 Phase C overcurrent: Ic phase fault
 Neutral for earth fault: In earth fault
 CB phase A pole failed to trip: Ia ph fault 50BF
 CB phase B pole failed to trip: Ib ph fault 50BF
 CB phase C pole failed to trip: Ic ph fault 50BF
The three circuit-breaker failure SPS datapoints are automatically added when the automatism group is
created and the four overcurrent SPS datapoints have to be manually added under
relay/automatism/overcurrent phase segregation:
Figure 367: Adding an overcurrent phase segregation built-in function

Notes:
If the phase segregation function is configured for overcurrent/earth fault indication but neither overcurrent nor earth
fault protection function is, the SCE's Checks window will display an error message when it is next refreshed (after
pressing F6).
If the function is used for overcurrent/earth fault indication, the three phase overcurrent SPS datapoints must be
configured. Any missing phase overcurrent datapoint will generate an error in the SCE's Checks window when it is next
refreshed (after pressing F6).
If circuit-breaker failure indication is used, the 50BF timer should be set to at least 30 ms (using DS Agile S1).
Defining an overcurrent phase segregation built-in function (relay folder)

The overcurrent phase segregation function is described in C26x/EN FT. It is associated with a standard
overcurrent/earth fault protection function and/or the circuit-breaker failure function.
Set the attributes for the 6 (or 7, if the neutral current is available) datapoints: they are the same as those of
a standard permanent SPSt.


SETTINGS
C26X/EN ST/C57
DS Agile C26x Settings
Contents
2 TREE PANEL 4
2.1 Navigation 4
2.2 Tree panel parameters 4
3 DS AGILE S1 7
3.1 Parameter setting upload and later changes 7
3.2 Human-Machine Interface 7
3.3 Operations 10
3.3.1 Preliminary 10
3.3.2 Getting a file from the C26x 10
3.3.3 Editing the Online Parameters 11
3.3.4 Transferring new values 12
3.4 Lists of parameters 13
3.4.1 Autorecloser (type 1) parameters 14
3.4.2 Autorecloser (type 2) parameters 14
3.4.3 AVR parameters 15
3.4.4 Internal synchrocheck parameters 16
3.4.5 FBD parameters 21
3.4.6 Automated control parameters 22
3.5 DS Agile S1 messages 23
3.6 Val file 24
4 PROTECTION PARAMETERS 26
5 TUNNELLING 41
5.1 Tunnelling through the serial link 41
5.2 Tunnelling through the Ethernet network 42
5.2.1 How to install the tunnelling components 42
5.2.2 Launch the tunnelling 45
C26x/EN ST/C57 ST-1

Settings DS Agile C26x
ST-2 C26x/EN ST/C57


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the Settings -or on-line-
parameters, which can be modified in runtime on DS Agile C26x units. The setting is done through the LHMI.
It is only available with a GHU200 or a GHU201 front panel.
A number of parameters related to user functions can be done on-line from a PC.
Tunneling allows to set parameters of IEDs connected on a legacy bus.
C26x/EN ST/C57 ST-3

2 TREE PANEL
2.1 NAVIGATION
The tree panel is accessible from bay panels by selecting the key .
All data points are grouped into features and folders. To access a given feature the operator should navigate
the panels using the arrow keys. Each panel shows the folders hierarchy.
& switch to neighbouring folder
selects and expands the folder switching to its first item
goes up to parent folder

At the bottom of the hierarchy, the folder is the single point of information, control or parameter. Edit mode
allows the operator to change values.
grants access to Edit mode for level 2 password input
cancels edition and the data point modification

The most commonly used settings and controls are selected into a list. To browse the list the operator
navigates using the arrow keys. The modification/control sequence is cancelled by . The selection is
confirmed by .
2.2 TREE PANEL PARAMETERS

Available Values Or
MENU TREE Description
[min;max](step)(unit)
COMMAND
MAIN
- RESET OP HOURS RESET To reset the number of the C26x operating hours
To change the C26x mode into active, maintenance or
- CHANGE MODE OP OPERAT, MAINT, TEST
test mode
- GLB ACK ALARM ACK To acknowledge all C26x alarms
- GLB CLR ALARM CLEAR To clear all acknowledged and reset alarms
To change the date. Accepted if the C26x is not
- DATE DATE
synchronised
To change the time. Accepted if the C26x is not
- TIME TIME
synchronised. The time format is hh: mn: sec
- DB SWITCH YES To switchover active and standby databases
- LANGUAGE LG1, LG2 To switchover languages 1 & 2
COUNTER
Counter 1
…
Counter N
- COUNTER value Counter value To change the counter value
CONFIG
COMPUTER
ST-4 C26x/EN ST/C57

Available Values Or
MAIN
- IP ADDRESS xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx To read the C26x IP address
BAY
Bay 0
Bay 1
Bay N
INTERNAL S/C
To read the name of the device associated to the
- S/C associated Dev XXXX
synchrocheck
- THRES PRES LINE [0.5;1.1](0.01)(V) Multiplier of nominal voltage above which the line is LIVE
Multiplier of nominal voltage below which the line is
- THRES ABS LINE [0.1;0.6](0.01)(V)
DEAD
- THRES PRES BUS [0.5;1.1](0.01)(V) Multiplier of nominal voltage above which the bus is LIVE
Multiplier of nominal voltage below which the bus is
- THRES ABS BUS [0.1;0.6](0.01)(V)
DEAD
Voltage difference bus - line above which locking close is
- DELTA VOLT LOCK [0.02;0.5](0.01)(V)
not possible
Frequency difference bus - line above which locking
- DELTA FREQ LOCK [0;1](0.01)(hz)
close is not possible
Phase difference bus - line above which locking close is
- DELTA PHASE LOCK [0;30](1)(deg)
not possible
- FMIN LOCK [45;65](0.01)(hz) Minimum acceptable frequency for locking close
- FMAX LOCK [45;65](0.01)(hz) Maximum acceptable frequency for locking close
Voltage difference bus - line above which coupling close
- DELTA VOLT COUPL [0.02;0.5](0.01)(V)
is not possible
Frequency difference bus - line above which coupling
- DELTA FREQ COUP [0;1](0.01)(hz)
close is not possible
Phase difference bus - line above which coupling close is
- DELTA PHASE COUP [0;30](1)(deg)
not possible
- FMIN COUP [45;65](0.01)(hz) Minimum acceptable frequency for coupling close
- FMAX COUP [45;65](0.01)(hz) Maximum acceptable frequency for coupling close
Circuit breaker close time in order to anticipate the close
- REAC TIME [0; 1000](10)(ms)
order for coupling
Time after which the line and the bus are considered
- ABS V CONF TIME [200;10000](20)(ms)
DEAD
Time after which only one voltage among the line or the
- ONLY V CONF TIME [200;10000](20)(ms)
bus is considered LIVE
Time after which the line and the bus are considered
- PRES V CONF TIME [200;10000](20)(ms)
LIVE
- CLOSE TO MAN SYN [200;10000](20)(ms) Time waited for having locking conditions
- CLOSE TO MAN SY C [1; 3600](20)(s) Time waited for having coupling conditions
Time waited for having DEAD-DEAD or DEAD - LIVE
- CLOSE TO MANUAL [200;10000](20)(ms)
conditions
Time waited for closing conditions in case of auto-
- CLOSE TO AUTO [200;10000](20)(ms)
recloser control
Flag to permit or not the coupling for a “close with
- MAN SYN CLO COUPL YES, NO
synchrocheck” operator control
Flag to permit or not the locking for a “close with
- MAN SYN CLO LCK YES, NO
synchrocheck” operator control
C26x/EN ST/C57 ST-5

Available Values Or
Flag to permit or not a control with a DEAD line & a LIVE
- MAN SYN CLO LDBL YES, NO
bus for a “close with synchrocheck” operator control
Flag to permit or not a control with a LIVE line & a DEAD
- MAN SYN CLO LLBD YES, NO
bus for a “close with synchrocheck” operator control
Flag to permit or not a control with a DEAD line & a
- MAN SYN CLO LDBD YES, NO DEAD bus. for a “close with synchrocheck” operator
control
Flag to permit or not the locking for a “normal close”
- MAN CLO LCK YES, NO
operator control
Flag to permit or not a control with a DEAD line and a
- MAN CLO LDBL YES, NO
LIVE bus for a “normal close” operator control
Flag to permit or not a control with a LIVE line and a
- MAN CLO LLBD YES, NO
DEAD bus for a “normal close” operator control
- MAN CLO LDBD YES, NO
DEAD bus for a “normal close” operator control
Flag to permit or not the locking in case of auto-recloser
- AUTO CLO LCK YES, NO
control
- AUTO SN CL LDBL YES, NO
LIVE bus in case of auto-recloser control
Flag to permit or not a control with a LIVE line and a
- AUTO CLO LLBD YES, NO
DEAD bus in case of auto-recloser control
Flag to permit or not a control with a dead line and a
- AUTO CLO LDBD YES, NO
dead bus in case of auto-recloser control
COMM. PORT
Com 1
…
Com 4
Baudrate of the communication port among:
- BAUDRATE baudrate * 50,100,200,300,600,1200,2400,4800,9600,19200,38400,
56000.
- NB STOP BIT 1, 2 Number of stop bits
- NB BIT PER CHAR 7, 8 Number of bits per character
- PARITY odd, even, none Parity
HMI
MAIN
Time after which the Menu tree is automatically left if
- EXIT MT TIME [5;300](1)(s)
there is no pressed button
Time after which the back light disappears if there is no
- BACK LIGHT DELAY [5;300](1)(s)
pressed button
- SELECT EXIT TIME [5;300](1)(s) Maximum time between selection and execution orders
- PASSWORD XXXX Password: needed to modify parameters
- BYPASS DELAY [20;120](1)(s) Time after which a bypass is automatically deselected
BAY
Bay 0
…
Bay N
- SBMC DISPLAY YES, NO Flag to validate or inhibit the display of the SBMC mode
Flag to validate or inhibit the display of the Name of
- DISPLAY DEV NAME YES, NO
Devices in the Bay Panel
ST-6 C26x/EN ST/C57

3 DS AGILE S1
MiCOM S1 is a setting software that is automatically installed along with CMT. It is used to view and edit the
C26x's parameter settings.
3.1 PARAMETER SETTING UPLOAD AND LATER CHANGES

After the databag has been uploaded into the C26x flash memory using either CMT or SMT, the
corresponding setting file must be uploaded into the C26x too as the default file already present in the C26x
is a standard file that does not relate to the configuration. This should be done using MiCOM S1.
Launch DS Agile S1 and open the file Settings/<C264 Network name>.set (in the databag).
Edit the settings if necessary, then save and replace the default file already in the C26x and DS Agile S1
using a file transfer mechanism (ftp + socket for the requests):
After editing the values, they can be downloaded by ftp transfer; the Set function (Build + Send) is allowed
only if C26x is in Operational or Test mode. For details on the modes, refer to chapter C26x/EN FT.
The same procedure will apply if the C26x's settings need to be updated in the future.
C26x redundancy
Setting files can be only be uploaded to the active C26x: The C26x denies the transfer of the setting file via
DS Agile S1 when it is in standby mode.
Workaround: create a fault on the active C26x in order to cause the standby C26x to become active.
Note:
There is no consistency control between the setting files in redundant C26xs.
3.2 HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE

To launch DS Agile S1, click the related icon on the desktop or the related executable in the installation
directory. You can also start it from CMT by pressing a button in the Database tab.
To display settings, select the menu File>Open settings, and search for a .set file.
C26x/EN ST/C57 ST-7

Click Open; a resizable window embeds in the application windows in accordance with the four margins set
in File>Page Setup:
ST-8 C26x/EN ST/C57

The menu includes several items:
• before getting or opening a file: File, View, Help

• in addition when a file is loaded: Edit, Transmission, Window
The parameters are classified in a tree-like hierarchy; the hierarchy is clickable to drill down to the
parameters.
The status bar shows the connection status and the coordinates of the selected parameters.
The View menu enables the operator to mask the toolbar and the status bar, and to expand/collapse a
selected node.
C26x/EN ST/C57 ST-9

3.3 OPERATIONS
3.3.1 PRELIMINARY
• Click the FTPD icon (or the executable in the installation folder) to open the ftp server.
• Open the .set file and checkout the C26x name in the Operational Parameters node to make sure you
have opened the right file:
• If needed, create a new register key named “VERSION” and located under:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\DCS\MICOM S1\Settings\ The value of this key can be 0 or 1. The default value is
1.
3.3.2 GETTING A FILE FROM THE C26X

The .val file is transferred via ftp. When data transmission is finished, the C26x sends an acknowledgement
message. This message allows to read the .val received. The .val file is converted to .set and the current
*.set is updated.
• Use the menu Transmission>Get Settings and wait for the acknowledgment:
ST-10 C26x/EN ST/C57

3.3.3 EDITING THE ONLINE PARAMETERS

The on-line visibility and possibility of setting are attributes configured in SCE:
The read-only parameters show greyed out in DS Agile S1:
Editable parameters show in black.
• Clicking edit on the parameters, as shown in below figures:
C26x/EN ST/C57 ST-11

Select the new value using the slider or the list or the spin buttons.
After setting, a red star shows in the Edited column:
3.3.4 TRANSFERRING NEW VALUES

• Use the menu Transmission > Set Settings
• Select either option
Build: the application indicates that a .val file is available; this allows to checkout the file before
sending (see 3.6)
Build and Send: C26x receives this indication, fetches the file, checks the coherency of this file and
acknowledges it positively or negatively

=>
3.4 LISTS OF PARAMETERS

The parameters list includes if applicable:
• CONFIGURATION: general parameters for protection functions (with TMU210)

• ARPCCN: legacy auto-reclose function (Type 2)
• PROTECTION GROUP 1: parameters for each protecton functions
• PROTECTION GROUP 2: parameters for each protecton functions
• AUTOMAT.CONTROL (with TMU210)
• AVR
• Auto-Recloser bay 1
• Auto-Recloser bay N
• Synchrocheck
• ISaGRAF Automatism 1
• …
• ISaGRAF Automatism N
• PSL Automatism 1
• …
• PSL Automatism M
Built-in functions such as ISaGRAF, PSL automatism (FBD …), AVR and Auto-Recloser are configured in
SCE. It is possible to set the following functions:
• Automates' built-in as autorecloser, AVR (if applicable), synchrocheck (if applicable), protective
function implemented for DS Agile
• ISaGRAF: (float or integer threshold & Boolean)

• Two kinds of parameters in FBD: The timeout used for (Ton / Toff) and the parameter (Boolean)
validation

3.4.1 AUTORECLOSER (TYPE 1) PARAMETERS

• Ist period triphased time min = 100, max = 60000, step = 10
• 2nd period triphased time min = 1000, max = 3600000, step = 10
• 3rd period triphased time min = 1000, max = 3600000, step = 1000
• Reclaim delay time min = 1000, max = 600000, step = 1000
• Inhibition delay min = 1000, max = 3600000, step = 1000
• Unlock delay min = 1000, max = 600000, step = 1000
• Manual close delay min = 1000, max = 600000, step = 1000
• Functioning mode (1 ph trip) types = 1P, 1P-3P, 1P-3P-3P, 1P-3P-3P-3P
• Functioning mode (3 ph trip) types = 3P, 3P-3P, 3P-3P-3P, 3P-3P-3P-3P
3.4.2 AUTORECLOSER (TYPE 2) PARAMETERS

• Numbers of fast cycle for earth fault min = 0 , max = 1 step = 1 cycle step
• Numbers of slow cycle for earth fault min = 0 , max = 2 , step = 1 cycle step
• Numbers of fast cycle for phase fault min = 0 , max = 1 , step = 1 cycle step
• Numbers of slow cycle for phase fault min = 0, max = 2, step = 1 cycle step
• Reclaim time fast cycle, min = 10000 , max = 15000 , step = 1000
• Reclaim time slow cycle, min = 3000 , max = 10000 , step = 1000
• Reclaim time manual close , min = 10000, max = 20000 , step =1000
• Timer cycle fast earth, min = 100, max = 500 , step =1
• Timer cycle slow1 earth, min = 10000, max = 30000 , step =1000
• Timer cycle slow2 earth, min = 10000, max = 30000 , step =1000
• Timer cycle fast phase, min = 100 , max = 500 , step =1
• Timer cycle slow1 phase, min = 10000 , max = 30000 , step =1000
• Timer cycle slow2 phase, min = 10000 , max = 30000 , step =1000

3.4.3 AVR PARAMETERS
To view the range allowed for each parameter, refer to the chapter C26x/EN AP.

3.4.4 INTERNAL SYNCHROCHECK PARAMETERS
3.4.4.1 STANDARD TOPOLOGY (TYPES 1 AND 2)

Schemes
• Close with synchro: Coupling and locking = YES/NO

• Close with synchro: Locking = YES/NO
• Close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Live = YES/NO
• Close with synchro: Line Live and Bus Dead = YES/NO
• Close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Dead = YES/NO
• Close : Locking = YES/NO
• Close: Line Dead and Bus Live = YES/NO
• Close: Line Live and Bus Dead = YES/NO
• Close: Line Dead and Bus Dead = YES/NO
• Autorecloser Locking = YES/NO
• Autorecloser Line Dead and Bus Live: = YES/NO
• Autorecloser Line Live and Bus Dead: = YES/NO
• Autorecloser Line Dead and Bus Dead = YES/NO
• Internal SC type = Type 1/Type 2/Type 3 (not settable)
• Drift Management = Evolutive/Exclusive/Drift (not settable)

Timings
• T1: Presence deltas test duration: min = 20 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 10 ms
• T2: Presence test duration: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 20 ms
• T3: absence deltas test duration: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 20 ms
• Ta: close time of circuit breaker: min = 0 ms, max = 1000 ms, step = 10 ms
• Delay for coupling: min = 1 s, max = 3600 s, step = 1 s
• Close with synchro scheme delay: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 10 ms
• Close scheme delay: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 10 ms
• Autorecloser scheme delay: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 10 ms
• Split mode time out: min = 0 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 100 ms

Thresholds
• Line voltage over threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn

• Line voltage under threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Bus voltage over threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Bus voltage under threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Voltage delta threshold for locking: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Minimum frequency for locking: min = 45.5 Hz, max = 59.5 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Maximum frequency for locking: min = 50.5 Hz, max = 66 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Frequency delta threshold for locking: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Phase delta threshold for locking: min = 0, max = 90°, step = 1°
• Frequency shift threshold for locking: min = 0.02 Hz, max = 0.1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Voltage delta threshold for coupling: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Minimum frequency for coupling: min = 45.5 Hz, max = 59.5 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Maximum frequency for coupling: min = 50.5 Hz, max = 66 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Minimum frequency delta threshold for coupling: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Maximum frequency delta threshold for coupling: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Phase delta threshold for coupling: min = 0, max = 90°, step = 1°
• Frequency shift threshold for coupling: min = 0.02 %, max = 0.1 %, step = 0.01 %
• Voltage delta usage for Split mode: NO/YES
• Voltage delta min for split mode: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Voltage delta max for split mode: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Frequency delta usage for Split mode: NO/YES
• Frequency delta min for split mode: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Frequency delta max for split mode: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Phase delta usage for Split mode: NO/YES
• Phase delta min for split mode: min = -180, max = 0°, step = 1°
• Phase delta max for split mode: min = 0, max = 180°, step = 1°


3.4.4.2 BREAKER-AND-A-HALF TOPOLOGY (TYPE3)

Circuit Breaker x (x = 1, 2 or 3)
• T3: absence deltas test duration: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 20 ms
• T2: presence test duration: min = 200 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 20 ms
• T1: presence deltas test duration: min = 20 ms, max = 10000 ms, step = 10 ms
• Ta: close time of the Circuit Breaker: min = 0 ms, max = 1000 ms, step = 10 ms
• Line voltage over threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Line voltage under threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Bus voltage over threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Bus voltage under threshold: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Voltage delta threshold for locking: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Minimum Frequency for locking: min = 45.5 Hz, max = 59.5 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Maximum Frequency for locking: min = 50.5 Hz, max = 66 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Frequency delta threshold for locking: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Phase delta threshold for locking: min = 0, max = 90°, step = 1°
• Voltage delta threshold for Coupling: min = 0, max = 100 % Vn, step = 1 % Vn
• Minimum Frequency for coupling: min = 45.5 Hz, max = 59.5 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Maximum Frequency for coupling: min = 50.5 Hz, max = 66 Hz, step = 0.1 Hz
• Frequency delta max threshold for coupling: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Frequency delta min threshold for coupling: min = 0, max = 1 Hz, step = 0.01 Hz
• Delay for coupling: min = 1 s, max = 3600 s, step = 1 s
• Close with synchro: coupling and locking: YES/NO
• Close with synchro: locking: YES/NO
• Close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Live: YES/NO
• Close with synchro: Line Live and Bus Dead: YES/NO
• Close with synchro: Line Dead and Bus Dead: YES/NO
• Close with synchro scheme delay: min = 0.2 s, max = 10 s, step = 0.01 s
• Close: Locking: YES/NO
• Close: Line Dead and Bus Live: YES/NO
• Close : Line Live and Bus Dead: YES/NO
• Close : Line Dead and Bus Dead: YES/NO
• Close scheme delay: min = 0.2 s, max = 10 s, step = 0.01 s

3.4.5 FBD PARAMETERS

FBD Timer:

FBD Boolean: True/false
3.4.6 AUTOMATED CONTROL PARAMETERS

Example 1: Phase overcurrent ([67] OC PHASE)

Example 2: I²t
3.5 DS AGILE S1 MESSAGES

Receipt value DS Agile S1 message
0 Setting done
1 Incorrect C26x DB Version revision
2 Number of protections incoherent with DB
3 No setting file in the C26x
FTP server problem.
4
Verify that the FTP client is launched & try again
5 C26x internal error
6 C26x incorrect number
7 Setting impossible, command running
8 Error IED address
9 Incompatible data structure
10 IED setting failed
11 Compatibility error between C26x and SCE
12 Number of columns of the .VAL file incorrect
13 Error: label too long
14 Error PROTECTIONS C26x: Value not between MIN and MAX
15 Error ELECTRE d: Value not between MIN and MAX
16 Error FBD: Value not between MIN and MAX
17 Error ISaGRAF: Value not between MIN and MAX
18 Error AUTO RECLOSER: Value not between MIN and MAX
19 Error AUTO RECLOSER PCCN: Value not between MIN and MAX
20 Error SYNCHROCHECK: Value not between MIN and MAX *
21 Error AVR: Value not between MIN and MAX
22 Error PROTECTIONS C26x: Verification phase incorrect
23 Error ELECTRE d: Verification phase incorrect
24 Error FBD: Verification phase incorrect

Receipt value DS Agile S1 message

25 Error ISaGRAF: Verification phase incorrect
26 Error AUTO RECLOSER: Verification phase incorrect
27 Error AUTO RECLOSER PCCN: Verification phase incorrect
28 Error SYNCHROCHECK: Verification phase incorrect
29 Error AVR: Verification phase incorrect
30 Error: File OK but a problem occurred during file copy
31 Error: Setting file for CPU270 board sent to a CPU260 board (obsolete)
32 Error in file checksum
33 Error: MiCOM S1 task not present
Error: Trip in progress
34
A DS Agile S1 session is already used
* This message might pop up without any reason. To make sure there is no reason, extract the .set file from
the zip archive and open it directly in DS Agile S1 and repeat the transfer.
3.6 VAL FILE

The .val files are ASCII files generated on the desktop using the menu Transmission>Set settings. They can
be opened using a text editor and saved for records.
Example:
Each line (maximum size: 256 characters) represents a setting.

Each setting is made of 7 fields:
• name (character string)

• type of the parameter (1, 2 or 3) where:
1 is for INT32
2 is for UINT32
3 is for REAL32
• value (based on the type)

• minimum value (based on the type)
• maximum value (based on the type)
• step (based on the type)
• unit
• default value (based on the type)
The maximum size of a field is 32 characters.
Each member of the parameter record is delimited by “;”.
Comments can be added to the file using the character #.
All the lines starting with #, ' ' , LF or CR are ignored.

4 PROTECTION PARAMETERS
Parameter Setting range Description

PROTECTION GROUP 1 Setting Group 1
[67] OC PHASE [67/50/51] Phase overcurrent submenu heading
Selection of the first alarm threshold function for
I> ? OFF, ON, DIR
phase OC (I>)
0.1 to 40 In,
I> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In.
DMT, STI (CEI), SI (CEI), VI(CEI), EI
(CEI), LTI (CEI), STI (CO2), MI Selection of the type of time-delay associated
I> Delay Type
(ANSI), LTI (CO8),VI (ANSI), EI with the threshold
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t I> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.2,
TMS Setting for the TMS value for the IDMT curve
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
K Setting for the K value of the RI curve
in steps of 0.01
Reset delay type DMT or IDMT
40 ms to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time (IEC curve only)
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.200, Setting for the RTMS value associated with the
RTMS
in steps of 0.025 IDMT reset time choice (ANSI & CO curves only)
0° to 359°,
I > TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°.
±10° to ±170°,
I > TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value for the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°.
Interlock of the first threshold by the second and
I> >> >>> Interlock OFF, ON
third thresholds
Selection of the second alarm threshold function
I>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
for phase OC (I>>)
0.1 to 40 In,
I>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
DMT, STI (CEI), SI (CEI), VI(CEI),EI
(CEI),LTI (CEI), STI (CO2), MI Selection of the type of time-delay associated
I>> DELAY TYPE
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t I>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 o 3.2,
TMS Setting for the TMS value of the IEC curve
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.01
0 to 100 s,
in steps of 10 ms
RTMS
0° to 359°,
I >> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°


±10° to ±170°,
I >> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value for the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
Selection of the third alarm threshold function for
I>>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
phase OC (I>>>)
0.1 to 40 In,
I>>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
0 to 150 s,
t I>>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0° to 359°,
I >>> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
±10° to ±170°,
I>>> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value for the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
[50N/51N/67N] Directional Earth Faultsubmenu
[67N] E/GND
heading
Ie> ? OFF, ON, DIR
earth OC (Ie>)
0.1 to 25 Ien,
Ie> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 Ien
Ie> Delay Type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t Ie> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.2,
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.01
Reset delay type DMT, IDMT Selection of the type of reset time-delay
0 to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time of IEC curves only
in steps of 10 ms
Setting for the RTMS value associated with the
0.025 to 3.200,
RTMS IDMT reset time choice for ANSI & CO curves
in steps of 0.025
only
0° to 359°,
Ie > TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
10° to 170°,
Ie > TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value of the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
1 to 260 V,
Ie> Min V Polarisation voltage
in steps of 0.1 V
Ie> >> >>> Interlock OFF, ON
third thresholds
Ie>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
for earth OC (Ie>>)
0.1 to 40 Ien,
Ie>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 Ien.
Ie>> Delay Type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t Ie>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms


0.025 to 3.2,
TMS Setting for the TMS value of the IEC curves
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
K Selection of K value for the RI curve
in steps of 0.01
0 to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time for IEC curves only
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.200,
RTMS IDMT reset time choice for ANSI & COx curves
in steps of 0.025
only
0° to 359°,
Ie >> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
10° to 170°,
Ie >> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value of the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
1 to 260 V,
Ie>> Min V Polarisation voltage
in steps of 0.1 V
Ie>>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
earth OC (Ie>>>)
0.1 to 40 In,
Ie>>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
0 to 150 s,
t Ie>>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0° to 359°,
Ie >>> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
10° to 170°,
Ie>>> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value of the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
1 to 260 V,
Ie>>> Min V Polarisation voltage
in steps of 0.1 V
[81] FREQUENCY [81] Over-/Underfrequency submenu heading
[81] f1 ? OFF, MIN, MAX
Frequency function
fn – 10 Hz to fn + 10 Hz,
f1 VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
t f1 Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
for Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the Third alarm threshold function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the 4th alarm threshold function for
[81] f4 ? OFF, MIN, MAX <
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz


0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the fith alarm threshold function for
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the sixth alarm threshold function for
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
t f6> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
5 to 130 V,
in steps of 0.1 V for Un range
57-130 V
Setting for the minimum voltage to run the [81]
VminFrequencyEnable or
function
20 to 480 V,
220-480 V
[81R] Rate of change of frequency submenu
[81] FREQ CHANGE OF RATE
heading
[81] df/dt1 ? OFF, ON
Frequency Rate of Change function
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
df/dt1 VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.1 Hz/s
0 to 600 s,
t df/dt1 Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
df/dt1 Id Setting for the frequency threshold [81R] 1
in steps of 1 A
for Frequency Rate of Change function
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
Selection of the fourth alarm threshold function
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms


0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
Selection of the fifth alarm threshold function for
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
5 to 100, Setting for DF/DT calculation based on
AverageNumber
in steps of 1 instantaneous df/dt
ConfirmationNumber 2, 4 Selection of the value to confirm df/dt detection
[59] OVERVOLTAGE [59] submenu heading
V> ? OFF, AND, OR
phase Over Voltage function
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
or 10 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t V> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
V>> ? OFF, AND, OR
for phase Over Voltage function
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V>> VALUE or Setting for the alarm threshold
10 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t V>> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[27] UNDERVOLTAGE [27] Undervoltage submenu heading
V< ? OFF, AND, OR
phase Under Voltage function
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V< VALUE or Setting for the alarm threshold
10 to 960 V,
220-480 V


0 to 600 s,
t V< Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
V<< ? OFF, AND, OR
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V<< VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
or10 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t V<< Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[59N] RESIDUAL O/V [59N] Residual Overvoltage submenu heading
Uen> ? OFF, ON
Residual Over Voltage function
1 to 260 V,
57-130 V
Uen> VALUE or Setting for the alarm threshold
5 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t Uen> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[32N] EARTH WATTMETRIC [32N] Wattmetric earth fault submenu heading
Pe> ? OFF, ON
Pe>
Range 57 to 130 V
0.2 to 20 W
4 to 160 W
10 to 800 W
Pe> Setting for the alarm threshold Pe>
Range 220 to 480 V
1 to 80 W
4 to 640 W
40 to 3200 W
Pe> Delay type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
t Pe> 0 to 150 s, Selection of the setting value for the trip
in steps of 10 ms threshold.
0.025 to 1.5,
TMS Setting for the TMS value for the IDMT curves
in steps of 0.025
K 0.1 to 10 steps of 0.005 Selection of the K value for the RI curve
0 to 100 s, Setting for the setting value for the reset time for
treset
in steps of 10 ms IEC curves only
0.025 to 1.5,
in steps of 0.025
only
Pe>> ? No, Yes
Pe>>


Range 57 to 130 V
0.2 to 20 W
4 to 160 W
10 to 800 W Setting for the values for the alarm threshold
Pe>>
Range 220 to 480 V Pe>>
1 to 80 W
4 to 640 W
40 to 3200 W
t Pe>> 0 to 150 s,
Setting for the trip threshold.
in steps of 10 ms
Setting for the setting angle for Pe. This item is
0° to 359°,
Pe> Pe>> only activated if at least one of the Pe thresholds
in steps of 1°
is enabled.
[46] Negative sequence overcurrent submenu
[46] NEG SEQ O/C
heading
I2> ? OFF, ON
Negative Phase Sequence OC (I2>)
0.5 to 25 In,
I2> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
I2> Delay type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t I2> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 1.5,
TMS Setting for the TMS value of the IDMT curve
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.005
40 to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time
in steps of 10 ms
RTMS
in steps of 0.025 IDMT reset time choice
I2>> ? OFF, ON
for Negative Phase Sequence OC (I2>>)
0.5 to 40 In,
I2>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
0 to 150 s,
t I2>> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
I2>>> ? OFF, ON
Negative Phase Sequence OC (I2>>>)
0.5 to 40 In,
I2>>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
0 to 150 s,
t I2>>> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[49] THERMAL OL [49] Thermal overload submenu heading
0.1 to 3.2 In,
Ith > VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
1 to 1.50, Setting for the K factor associated with the
K
in steps of 0.01 thermal overload function
1 to 200 min, Setting for the Te thermal constant associated
Te
in steps of 1 min with the thermal formula


Thermal OL OFF, ON
Thermal Overload function
50 to 200%, Setting for the percentage applicable to the
th Trip
in steps of 0.01 thermal overload trip threshold
th Alarm OFF, ON Selection of the thermal overload alarm function
th Alarm VALUE
in steps of 0.01 thermal overload alarm threshold
[37] UNDERCURRENT [37] Undercurrent submenu heading
I< ? OFF, ON
Undercurrent function
0.1 to 1 In,
I< VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
0 to 150 s,
t I< Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
PROTECTION GROUP 2 Setting Group 2

[67] OC PHASE [67/50/51] Phase overcurrent submenu heading
I> ? OFF, ON, DIR
phase OC (I>)
0.1 to 40 In,
I> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
I> Delay Type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t I> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.2,
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.01
40 ms to 100 s,
in steps of 10 ms
RTMS
0° to 359°,
I > TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°.
±10° to ±170°,
I > TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value for the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°.
I> >> >>> Interlock OFF, ON
third thresholds
I>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
for phase OC (I>>)
0.1 to 40 In,
I>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
I>> DELAY TYPE
(ANSI), LTI (CO8), VI (ANSI), EI with the threshold
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t I>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms


0.025 o 3.2,
TMS Setting for the TMS value of the IEC curve
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.01
0 to 100 s,
in steps of 10 ms
RTMS
0° to 359°,
I >> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
±10° to ±170°,
I >> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value for the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
I>>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
phase OC (I>>>)
0.1 to 40 In,
I>>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
0 to 150 s,
t I>>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0° to 359°,
I >>> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
±10° to ±170°,
I>>> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value for the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
[50N/51N/67N] Directional Earth Faultsubmenu
[67N] E/GND
heading
Ie> ? OFF, ON, DIR
earth OC (Ie>)
0.1 to 25 Ien,
Ie> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 Ien
Ie> Delay Type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t Ie> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.2,
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.01
0 to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time of IEC curves only
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.200,
RTMS IDMT reset time choice for ANSI & CO curves
in steps of 0.025
only
0° to 359°,
Ie > TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
10° to 170°,
Ie > TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value of the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
1 to 260 V,
Ie> Min V Polarisation voltage
in steps of 0.1 V


Ie> >> >>> Interlock OFF, ON
third thresholds
Ie>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
for earth OC (Ie>>)
0.1 to 40 Ien,
Ie>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 Ien.
Ie>> Delay Type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t Ie>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.2,
TMS Setting for the TMS value of the IEC curves
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
K Selection of K value for the RI curve
in steps of 0.01
0 to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time for IEC curves only
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 3.200,
in steps of 0.025
only
0° to 359°,
Ie >> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
10° to 170°,
Ie >> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value of the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
1 to 260 V,
Ie>> Min V Polarisation voltage
in steps of 0.1 V
Ie>>> ? ON, OFF, DIR
earth OC (Ie>>>)
0.1 to 40 In,
Ie>>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
0 to 150 s,
t Ie>>> ? Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0° to 359°,
Ie >>> TORQUE Setting for the torque angle
in steps of 1°
10° to 170°,
Ie>>> TRIP ZONE Setting for the angle value of the Trip Zone
in steps of 1°
1 to 260 V,
Ie>>> Min V Polarisation voltage
in steps of 0.1 V
[81] FREQUENCY [81] Over-/Underfrequency submenu heading
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
in steps of 0.01 Hz


0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the Third alarm threshold function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the 4th alarm threshold function for
[81] f4 ? OFF, MIN, MAX <
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Selection of the fith alarm threshold function for
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
Frequency function
in steps of 0.01 Hz
0 to 600 s,
t f6> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
5 to 130 V,
57-130 V
Setting for the minimum voltage to run the [81]
VminFrequencyEnable or
function
20 to 480 V,
220-480 V
[81R] Rate of change of frequency submenu
[81] FREQ CHANGE OF RATE
heading
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A


– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
Selection of the fourth alarm threshold function
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
Selection of the fifth alarm threshold function for
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
– 10 Hz/s to + 10 Hz/s,
0 to 600 s,
in steps of 10 ms
0 to 6,
in steps of 1 A
5 to 100, Setting for DF/DT calculation based on
AverageNumber
in steps of 1 instantaneous df/dt
ConfirmationNumber 2, 4 Selection of the value to confirm df/dt detection
[59] OVERVOLTAGE [59] submenu heading
V> ? OFF, AND, OR
phase Over Voltage function
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
or 10 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t V> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
V>> ? OFF, AND, OR
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V>> VALUE or Setting for the alarm threshold
10 to 960 V,
220-480 V


0 to 600 s,
t V>> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[27] UNDERVOLTAGE [27] Undervoltage submenu heading
V< ? OFF, AND, OR
phase Under Voltage function
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V< VALUE or Setting for the alarm threshold
10 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t V< Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
V<< ? OFF, AND, OR
2 to 260 V,
57-130 V
V<< VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
or10 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t V<< Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[59N] RESIDUAL O/V [59N] Residual Overvoltage submenu heading
Uen> ? OFF, ON
Residual Over Voltage function
1 to 260 V,
57-130 V
Uen> VALUE or Setting for the alarm threshold
5 to 960 V,
220-480 V
0 to 600 s,
t Uen> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
[32N] EARTH WATTMETRIC [32N] Wattmetric earth fault submenu heading
Pe> ? OFF, ON
Pe>
Range 57 to 130 V
0.2 to 20 W
4 to 160 W
10 to 800 W
Pe> Setting for the alarm threshold Pe>
Range 220 to 480 V
1 to 80 W
4 to 640 W
40 to 3200 W
Pe> Delay type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
t Pe> 0 to 150 s, Selection of the setting value for the trip
in steps of 10 ms threshold.
0.025 to 1.5,
TMS Setting for the TMS value for the IDMT curves
in steps of 0.025


K 0.1 to 10 steps of 0.005 Selection of the K value for the RI curve
0 to 100 s, Setting for the setting value for the reset time for
treset
in steps of 10 ms IEC curves only
0.025 to 1.5,
in steps of 0.025
only
Pe>> ? No, Yes
Pe>>
Range 57 to 130 V
0.2 to 20 W
4 to 160 W
10 to 800 W Setting for the values for the alarm threshold
Pe>>
Range 220 to 480 V Pe>>
1 to 80 W
4 to 640 W
40 to 3200 W
t Pe>> 0 to 150 s,
Setting for the trip threshold.
in steps of 10 ms
Setting for the setting angle for Pe. This item is
0° to 359°,
Pe> Pe>> only activated if at least one of the Pe thresholds
in steps of 1°
is enabled.
[46] Negative sequence overcurrent submenu
[46] NEG SEQ O/C
heading
I2> ? OFF, ON
Negative Phase Sequence OC (I2>)
0.5 to 25 In,
I2> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
I2> Delay type
(ANSI), RECT, RI
0 to 150 s,
t I2> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
0.025 to 1.5,
TMS Setting for the TMS value of the IDMT curve
in steps of 0.025
0.1 to 10,
in steps of 0.005
40 to 100 s,
treset Setting for the reset time
in steps of 10 ms
RTMS
in steps of 0.025 IDMT reset time choice
I2>> ? OFF, ON
for Negative Phase Sequence OC (I2>>)
0.5 to 40 In,
I2>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
0 to 150 s,
t I2>> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms
I2>>> ? OFF, ON
Negative Phase Sequence OC (I2>>>)
0.5 to 40 In,
I2>>> VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
0 to 150 s,
t I2>>> Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms


[49] THERMAL OL [49] Thermal overload submenu heading
0.1 to 3.2 In,
Ith > VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
1 to 1.50, Setting for the K factor associated with the
K
in steps of 0.01 thermal overload function
1 to 200 min, Setting for the Te thermal constant associated
Te
in steps of 1 min with the thermal formula
Thermal OL OFF, ON
Thermal Overload function
th Trip
in steps of 0.01 thermal overload trip threshold
th Alarm OFF, ON Selection of the thermal overload alarm function
th Alarm VALUE
in steps of 0.01 thermal overload alarm threshold
[37] UNDERCURRENT [37] Undercurrent submenu heading
I< ? OFF, ON
Undercurrent function
0.1 to 1 In,
I< VALUE Setting for the alarm threshold
in steps of 0.01 In
0 to 150 s,
t I< Setting for the trip threshold
in steps of 10 ms

5 TUNNELLING
Tunnelling enables you to connect the MiCOM S1 Agile software to a legacy MiCOM Alstom IED through:
• the serial port of the C26x, or

• the Ethernet network
5.1 TUNNELLING THROUGH THE SERIAL LINK
C26x
Hyperterminal
to C26x front port MiCOM S1 Agile
Tunnel
IED
C0118ENa
Hyperterminal commands set to obtain information about tunnelling:
• TunnelingRSState: is the tunnelling function used?

• TunRSLines: which legacy ports can you connect to your tunnel?
• TunRSIed <line number>: list of the connected IEDs on the <line number> line and their address
• TunRSStart <line number>,<IED address> enables you to open a tunnel between the PC and the
IED
• TunRSStop enables you to close the tunnel

Procedure:
1 Do a check to make sure that the MiCOM S1 Studio is correctly installed.
2 Launch Hyperterminal on the PC: the baud rate is 19200 bauds, no parity.
3 Verify you have the prompt [ > ] on Hyperterminal console.
4 Use the TunRSStart command to open a tunnel and stop Hyperterminal.
5 Open the DCS_S1.ini file and make sure that in the [Transactions] section
the baud rate is 19200
the COMPort is the rear serial port
there is no parity
6 Start MiCOM S1 Agile.
If there is no exchange between the IED and MiCOM S1 Agile within two minutes, the tunnel automatically
closes.

For details, refer to the chapter C26x/EN CT.
5.2 TUNNELLING THROUGH THE ETHERNET NETWORK
PatuSpy software
SBUS Agency
MiCOM S1 Agile
Ethernet network
(IEC 61850)
C26x
Tunnel
IED
C0119ENa
5.2.1 HOW TO INSTALL THE TUNNELLING COMPONENTS

Prerequisite: you must be logged as an administrator.
1 Install the SBUS Agency (refer to the chapter SBUS/EN IN).
2 From the folder <installation folder>\Tunneling, launch PATDbWin and set your parameters (Edit
menu):

3 Close PATDbWin.
Caution:
If the installation folder of tunneling components is not the default one, then modify the
file install_oncrpc.bat by right clicking modify
4 Launch the Install_oncrpc.bat file

5 To launch the Portmap service:
to open the Services manager, run services.msc
select the PortMap service
in the drop-down list Starting type, select Automatic start-up
click Start
close the Services manager
6 Install the tunneling dlls in the MiCOM S1 folder:
For Modbus: copy the dll S1V2ModdbusPatu.dll into the folder ..\Micom S1\S&R-Modbus and
rename it SRModBus.dll
For T103: copy the dll S1V2T103Patu.dll into the folder ..\Micom S1\S&R-103 and rename it
W32KommDll.dll
7 Modify the C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\hosts file to include the list of the C26x units you want
to connect to.
8 Insert the string [ # Begin_PATU_configuration - do not remove this comment ] before the list of C26x
addresses.

9 Insert the string [ # End_of_PATU_configuration - do not remove this comment ] after the list of C26x
addresses and save the file.
Example:
# Begin_PATU_configuration - do not remove this comment
192.2.120.1 mypc
192.2.120.3 yourpc
# End_of_PATU_configuration - do not remove this comment

5.2.2 LAUNCH THE TUNNELLING

1 Launch the LaunchS1V2Patu.exe file
2 Verify the location folder of MiCOM S1

3 Select the protocol (Modbus / T103)
4 Enter the name or IP address of the C26x which the IED is connected to
5 Enter the number of the bus which the IED is connected to
6 Enter the IED address
7 Click Launch MiCOM S1


HUMAN INTERFACE
C26X/EN HI/C57A
DS Agile C26x Human Interface
Contents
2 FRONT PANEL 4
2.1 Overview 4
2.2 LED behaviour 5
2.2.1 First LEDs 6
2.2.2 Other LEDs 7
2.3 Configuration data 8
2.3.1 General display management 9
2.3.2 Language support 10
2.3.3 Time and date display 10
2.3.4 Service information panel 11
2.3.5 Board panel 12
2.3.6 External device panel 13
2.3.7 Display of binary input information 15
2.3.8 Display of binary output information 16
2.3.9 Bay panels 17
2.3.10 Settings panel (optional) 24
2.3.11 Alarm panel (optional) 26
2.3.12 Event panel 28
2.3.13 Fault panel 30
2.3.14 Disturbance record panel 30
2.3.15 Menu tree 31
2.3.16 Controls 33
2.3.17 Password management 40
3 COMPUTER MAINTENANCE TOOL 41
4 EMBEDDED MAINTENANCE WEB SERVER 42
5 PRINTER 43
5.1 Inputs 43
5.2 Outputs 43
5.3 Printer management 44
5.3.1 Header & footer 44
5.3.2 Chronology & time stamp 44
5.3.3 Printer out of service 44
5.3.4 Circular FIFO management 44
C26x/EN HI/C57a HI-1

Human Interface DS Agile C26x
HI-2 C26x/EN HI/C57a


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the three User Interfaces
(coded HI for Human Interface) of this device:
• Front Panel Local HMI (or LHMI)

• Computer Maintenance Tool (CMT)
• Printer

2 FRONT PANEL
2.1 OVERVIEW
The DS Agile C26x front panel exists in two versions:
• A simple FP with LEDs, key and the serial link (GHU21x)
• A graphical FP with LEDs, key, the Local Control Display and the serial link (GHU20x)
Figure 1: DS Agile C26x 40TE front panel (GHU20x)
The FP is detachable up to 5 meters from the DS Agile C26x base case using a specific front panel
(GHU22x)
From the graphical panel, the operator can
• Control:
circuit breaker (open, close)
disconnecting switch (open, close)
transformer (raise, lower, go to min, go to max)
generic command (start, stop or open/close)
setpoint
bay mode (local/remote)
C26x mode (operational, test, maintenance)
• counters value
• Switch the database
• Modify Settings by menu tree
• Acknowledge and clear alarms
• Suppress datapoints

• Display:
Module position
Alarms list
Disturbance record
Configuration
Events list
Fault list
Measurements, counter, and TPI
Physical binary input/output,
Status information
Bay mode (local/remote, SBMC)
Bypass indications
Setting points
Board state
IED state
• Activate LED depending on datapoint status
2.2 LED BEHAVIOUR

There are 17 LEDs available:
• 16 are managed by the software

• 1 is directly connected to the internal power

2.2.1 FIRST LEDS

The first 5 LEDs indicate the DS Agile C26x status information. The LEDs indicate from top to down:
LED id Colour LED on LED slow blinking LED fast blinking LED off
There is at least one There is at least 1 minor
1 Red major fault (hardware, fault (I/O board, commun- Not used No fault
database) (1) ication to IEDs, …) (2)
All alarms are acknow- All alarms displayed in the At least 1 not acknow-
2 Amber ledged, but one alarm at alarm panel are inactive & ledged alarm displayed No alarm
least is still active (3) acknowledged in the alarm panel
3 Amber C26x in operation C26x in maintenance C26x in test C26x in reboot
4 Green Power on Not used Not used Power off
Bays managed by the All bays managed
All bays managed by the
5 (4) Red C26x are not in the same Not used by the C26x are in
C26x are in LOCAL mode
control mode REMOTE
6 Red Global fault (5) Not used Not used No fault at all
(1) Major fault: DS Agile C26x not available due to internal failure (database error, CPU board failure,
etc…).
(2) A minor fault is a fault causing only the non availability of a part of the functionality.
(3) When the alarm disappears, the LED returns automatically to OFF.
(4) Assigned by C26x only for without LCD panel: GHU2x1 or for an extension C26x.
(5) It may be a board fault, an IED fault, a power off, a watchdog issue (DO#0 of BIU board), an IED or
extension disconnected.

2.2.2 OTHER LEDS

Other LEDs’ default assignment:
• LED 7: DIU board fault

• LED 8: AIU board fault
• LED 9: DOU board fault
• LED 10: CCU board fault
• LED 11: AOU board fault
• LED 12: At least one IED is disconnected (Single rack / main / extension rack)
• LED 13:
- The extension rack arrangement does not match the arrangement in
the active configuration database, for instance there could be a
disconnected rack or the C26x could be in maintenance mode (main
rack);
- Connection status with main rack (extension rack)
These default assignments cannot be modified for the extension racks.
LEDS 14 to 17 can be used only on the main rack.
Summary table:
Single rack architecture Multi rack architecture
Ext.
C26x Main Rack
Rack
Simple
LED Graphical Panel Simple Panel Graphical Panel Simple Panel
Panel
1
Assigned by Assigned
2 Assigned by C26x Assigned by C26x Assigned by C26x
C26x by C26x
3
4 Linked to power supply
5 Not Used Assigned by Not Used Assigned by C26x Assigned
6 Assigned by C26x C26x Assigned by C26x by C26x
7
8
9 Pre- Pre-
defined defined Pre- Pre-
10 Pre-defined
defined defined
11
Freely Freely
Freely Freely
12 assign- assign-
assignable assignable
able able
13
14
Not Not
15 Not Not
used used Not used
16 used used
17

2.3 CONFIGURATION DATA

The behaviour of the user-configurable LEDs is defined in the C26x DataBase.
When using a simple LHMI, the 11 user-configurable LEDs give the status of the associated BI. Each BI
state is displayed using the ON / OFF / BLINKING led state.
When using a graphical LHMI (with LCD), the 13 user-configurable LEDs can be configured to have 2
different behaviours:
1 give the status of the associated BI. Each BI state is displayed using the ON / OFF / BLINKING led
state (same way as with a Simple LHMI),
2 provide a way to manage BIs as alarms.
This behaviour 2 is detailed hereafter:
• if the BI is “transient”:
if the BI is SET, the associated LED is ON or Blinking Slow (depends of the DB),
after pressing the key , the LED’s state goes OFF (without any password).
• if the BI is “permanent”:
if the BI is SET, the associated LED is Blinking Slow,
after pressing the key , the LED goes ON (without any password),
if the BI is RESET, the associated LED remains Blinking if the key has not been pressed or is
OFF if it has.
Notes:
- The key is used for the navigation in the menu tree. This feature remains and such an alarm
acknowledgement is not allowed from the menu tree.
- The alarm acknowledgement function is not available with the simple panel (no key available).
The 11 other LED’s are freely configurable: they can be attached to a datapoint. Furthermore, the datapoint
state is displayed through a led state: on, off, slow blinking, fast blinking.
For a Single Point, the Set / Reset / Invalid (i.e. all other states) can be attached to a LED. For a Double
Point, the Open / Close / Invalid (i.e. all other states) can be attached to a LED.

2.3.1 GENERAL DISPLAY MANAGEMENT

The controller's local HMI is composed of several “panels” and one “menu tree”. The panels allow displaying
information and issuing control commands whilst the menu tree is used to display and modify controller
settings.
Note: If a TMU210 acquisition board is present, the protection settings and associated automation settings can be
viewed and modified from a dedicated panel "Settings" rather than in the menu tree.
During the menu navigation, the key is used to return to the previous panel and has no effect on LED
management.
The key allows to display the next panel.
From each panel, the key allows access to the menu tree, except from the Settings panel.
The keys and allow access to the various panels in a group.
List of panels
• Service panel, Board panel and IED panel: General device information (serial number, software
version, version and state of both databases in memory, operating hours, operating mode and
redundancy mode), list and states of the boards present in the device, and states of external IEDs
connected to the device.
• Binary Inputs panel and Binary Outputs panel (information on the digital input and output states):
available in active and in maintenance mode, except if there is no database present.
• Bay panels: One or two panels for each bay with sub-panels for:
measurement, counter and TPI
single, double and multiple datapoints status
controls
• Settings panel (optional): This panel is only available if it has been selected during the configuration
process. It is only relevant when the C26x is fitted with a TMU210 acquisition board as it is used to
display and modify protection settings and is empty if none are available.
• Alarm: One panel to display the alarm list and allow acknowledgement and clearing of alarms
• Event: One panel to display the event list
• Fault: One panel to display the fault list
• Disturbance: One panel to display the header of the disturbance file

Service Inputs Bay 1 Settings Alarm Event Fault Disturb
Board Outputs Bay 2
IED Bay x
C0153ENd
Figure 2: Panel browsing
Notes: The default panels (after start-up and after an inactivity time-out) are defined during the configuration process:
Service Panel, Fault Panel or one of the Bay Panels
Pressing the key from any panel will return the display to the Service Panel.
2.3.2 LANGUAGE SUPPORT

The display on the LCD supports 2 languages, selected during the configuration process. A parameter in the
menu tree allows switching between both languages.
2.3.3 TIME AND DATE DISPLAY

The front panel HMI displays the time, date and time synchronisation state of the controller.
Time: time of day is displayed in all the panels of the LCD. For each panel, time of day is displayed in the
first line of the panel.
The display format of the time is THH:MM:SS where T is the time synchronisation state (* or nothing), HH
the hour (0 to 23), MM the minutes (00 to 59) and SS the seconds (0 to 59).
12 characters 1 char 8 characters
P A N E L _ N A M E T H H : M M : S S
C0154ENa
Figure 3: Time Display
In the Event panel, in the Alarm panel and in the Disturbance panel, the time-stamp must be given in
milliseconds. Therefore, the format for the time is THH:MM:SS.MMM
Date: the date is displayed only in the Event panel and in the Alarm panel. Each event and each alarm are
displayed with their date and time of occurrence (time-stamp).

There are 3 configurable date formats, where DD is the day of the month (01 to 31), MM the month (01 to
12) and YY the year (00 to 99):
DD/MM/YY
MM/DD/YY
YY/MM/DD
Time synchronisation state: the C26x's firmware manages the following time synchronisation states:
not synchronised (“*”): the date/time has never been synchronised
synchronised (“ “): date/time is synchronised
The date and time are settable in the menu tree, see chapter C26x/EN ST for setting instructions.
2.3.4 SERVICE INFORMATION PANEL

The local HMI displays information relevant to the C26x on one panel:
• C26x serial number

• software version
• version number and revision number of the first database
• version number and revision number of the second database
• state of both databases
• operating hours of DS Agile C26x
• operating mode
• redundancy mode
S E R V I C E * 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 6
S E R I A L N B
0 0 0 0 3 9 6 2
S O F T WA R E V E R S I O N
A 4 . 3 1 A
D B 1 V E R S I O N S T A T E
0 . 3 A C T I V E
D B 2 V E R S I O N S T A T E
N O B D
O P E R A T I N G H O U R S
6 0 1
O P E R A T I N G M O D E
O P E R A T I O N A L
R E D U N D A N C Y M O D E
N O T R E D U N D E
Figure 4: Example of Service information panel

2.3.5 BOARD PANEL

The Board panel is a text list indicating the states of I/O boards.
For each board, the following information is displayed:
• its configured name,

• its state, among the following ones: OK (board connected and operational), Failure (self-check fault),
Missing (board configured but not present).
Note that these state labels are manually set in configuration and that the exact text could slightly vary due to customer
preference, but not their actual meaning (as indicated in brackets).
B O A R D * 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 6
board label B I U
board status O k
G H U 2 0 0
O k
D I 0
O k
D I 1
O k
D I 2
O k
D I 3
O k
1 / 2
B O A R D * 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 7
D O 0
O k
D O 1
O k
D O 2
O k
D O 3
O k
A I U 2 1 0
O k
A I U 2 1 0 1
O k
page number 2 / 2
number of pages
C0301ENa
Figure 5: Example of Board panel

2.3.6 EXTERNAL DEVICE PANEL

This panel display all external devices connected to the computer by a legacy protocol and by the IP
protocols (as IEC61850). This panel contains 3 sub-sets:
• IP client connection number: it defines the number of client currently connected to the computer.
• IP server connection state: it defines the list of the server connected to the computer. Each server is
displayed with its name, its IP address, and the state of its connection.
server name
IP address state
• Legacy protocol connection state: each IED is displayed with its name, its address, and the state of its
connection.
IED name
address state
The panel for “IP IED” is as follows:

E X . D E V I C E S <time sync. state> <time>
I P C L I E N T N B :
I P S E R V E R : protocol
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
page
The panel for “Legacy IED” is as follows:

E X . D E V I C E S <time sync. state> <time>
L E G A C Y D E V I C E protocol
IED 1
IED 2
IED 3
IED 4
page

I E D 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 6
*
I P C L I E N T N B : 0 0 0
S C A D A I E D
T 1 0 1 D I S C O N N
0 0 1 / 0 0 2
I E D 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 7
I E D s
*: T 1 0 3
P 4 4 2 _ 3
0 0 3 D I S C O N N
P 6 3 2 _ 4
0 0 4 D I S C O N N
P 1 3 9 _ 2
0 0 2 D I S C O N N
P 1 2 7 _ 1
0 0 1 D I S C O N N
0 0 2 / 0 0 2
Figure 6: Example of External device panel

2.3.7 DISPLAY OF BINARY INPUT INFORMATION

For each input board defined in the configuration, the state of all the "physical" binary inputs is displayed in
the Inputs panel.
Each panel contains:
• The board number and its type (DIU, CCU)

• A list of all the binary inputs present on the board, defined by:
The input number: DI xxx
The physical state of the input with 3 possible values (On, off , faulty)
I N P U T S <time sync. state> <time>
B O A R D X X Board type
D I X X X value D I X X X value
I N T P U T S H H : MM : S S
Board number
BOARD 0 D I U
Board type
D I 0 O N D I 8 ON
D I 1 O F F D I 9 O F F
D I 2 O N D I 1 0
D I 3 O F F D I 1 1
D I 4 O N D I 1 2
D I 5 O F F D I 1 3
D I 6 O N D I 1 4
D I 7 O F F D I 1 5
Input number
Input state
1 / 4
C0302ENb
Figure 7: Example of binary input sub-panel

2.3.8 DISPLAY OF BINARY OUTPUT INFORMATION

For each output board defined in the configuration, the state of all the "physical" binary outputs is displayed
in the Outputs panel.
Each panel contains:
• The board number and its type (DOU, CCU)

• A list of all the binary outputs present on the board, defined by:
The output identifier: DO xxx
The physical state of the output with 3 possible values (on, off, faulty)
O U T P U T S <time sync. state> <time>
B O A R D X X
D O X X X value D O X X X value
OU T P U T S H H : MM : S S
Board number
BOARD 0 DOU
Board type
D O 0 O N DO 8 ON
D O 1 O F F DO 9 O F F
D O 2 O N
D O 3 O F F
D O 4 O N
D O 5 O F F
D O 6 O N
D O 7 O F F
Output number
Output state
1 / 4
C0303ENb
Figure 8: Example of binary output sub-panel

2.3.9 BAY PANELS

Graphical representations of bays are visible in panels. Each bay has its own panels (up to 2). Up to 12 bays
can be displayed via the Front Panel of the C26x. A maximum of 9 devices can be displayed on each panel.
All the information in these panels is configurable, except for time indication.
Figure 9: Bay management
When a bay is displayed over two pages, and are used to move from one page to the other.
For one bay:
Figure 10: Bay management (cont'd)

The information displayed in the bay panel is:
• the bay's name (fixed position), 16 characters maximum

• the time (hh:mm:ss), preceded by its state (* means not synchronised)
• the bay graphical representation: the bay is displayed as a single-line diagram. Graphical pictures are
made of bitmaps for modules representation, vertical and horizontal lines and labels
• the SBMC mode

• the Local / Remote bay mode
• the synchrocheck bypass activation, if it is applicable and if it exists
• the interlock bypass activation, if it exists
• a CT/VT measurement, displayed on a vertical graphical bargraph (Vertical Measurement Graphical
Area) or on a horizontal graphical bargraph (Horizontal Measurement Graphical Area). VMGA and
HMGA are exclusive. Only CT/VT measurements can be displayed on a bargraph. Up to four CT/VT
measurements can be associated with a bargraph. Keys and are used to select the
measurement to display on the bargraph. The totality of the bargraph represents either 120% or 200%
of the nominal value
• the name of the measurement (fixed position)

• the value of the measurement (fixed position)
• the command report (fixed position)
• the access to datapoints panels

Example:
Name of the bay
*hh :mm :ss

time and status
graphical representation
SBMC DPS1
SBMC mode
local/remote mode R/R
interlock bypass EQL BP
synchrocheck bypass S/C BP
DPS2
measurement value value horizontal bargraph

measurement name measurement name
command report message message M S C
access to the measurement panel

access to the state panel
access to the command panel
C0300ENc
Figure 11: Example of a bay panel

2.3.9.1 STATE SUB-PANEL

This panel allows to display the state of the digital datapoints (single points, double points and multiple
points).
3 lines are necessary to display any information.
S T A T E <time sync. state> <time>
B A Y i
SPS, DPS or MPS 1 (3 lines)
An SPS / DPS / MPS is defined by:
<Label of the datapoint > = 16 characters maximum
Module of the BI = 16 characters maximum
State of the BI = 21 characters maximum
From this panel, the operator can suppress a datapoint.
S T A T E
BCU
DB i n c o h . S P S
BC U
R e s e t
E x t c l o c k s t a t u s
S e t
L o c a l / r emo t e D P S
L o c a l
I A p h a s e f a u l t
OK
1 / 4
Figure 12: Example of state sub-panel

2.3.9.2 MEASUREMENT, COUNTING AND TPI SUB-PANEL

This panel allows displaying the state of the measurement, the counter and the TPI. It is defined by 3 lists of
elements (Measurement, counter and TPI), each list is spread over several pages (3 pieces of information
per page).
M E A S C O U N T <time sync. state> <time>
B A Y i
Measurement 1
Measurement 2
Measurement 3
…
Display of measurements
Analogue values or digital measurements can be displayed in this panel if defined in database. The value is
displayed with 2 digits after the dot and 5 before.
<Label of the meas > = 16 characters maximum
Module of the measurement = 16 characters maximum
Value: 7 char Unit (5 char)
State of the meas = 21 characters maximum
Display of counters
A counter value can be displayed in this panel if defined in database. The value is displayed with 2 digits
after the dot and 5 before.
<Label of the counter > = 16 characters maximum
Module of the counter = 16 characters maximum
Value: 7 char Unit (5 char)
State of the counter = 21 characters maximum
Display of TPI
TPI can be displayed in this panel if defined in database.
<Label of the tpi > = 16 characters maximum
Module of the counter = 16 characters maximum
Value: 3 char
State of the tpi = 21 characters maximum
From this panel, you can suppress a measurement or a TPI (unavailable function for the counters).

ME AS COUN T
BCU
I 0
MV
0 . 0 0 A
L L L T HR E S HO L D
I 2
MV
0 . 0 0 A
I A
MV
0 . 0 0 A
1 / 6
Figure 13: Example of measurement sub-panel
2.3.9.3 CONTROLS SUB-PANEL

The operator is allowed to control modules from the controls sub-panel.
The commands are displayed as following:
Name of the control
Name of the module
state Label order
On this panel, the operator selects the chosen command using the key .
SBO and DE controls are possible according to the configuration
To send a DE control, operator uses keys and for OFF and ON
To send a SBO control, operator uses keys and to select OFF or ON. Then the execution is sent
using key .
The current state is displayed on the third line (only ON or OFF).
The key allows aborting the control.

C O M M A N D <time sync. state> <time>
N A M E O F T H E B A Y
Command 1
Command 2
Command 3
Command 4
Page

COMM A N D
BCU
L o c / r em c t r l D P C
O F F R em o t e
Sw i t c h C t r l D P C
S G - L 1
S e l e c t e d
Sw i t c h C t r l D P C
C B - L 1
1 / 1
Figure 14: Example of control sub-panels
2.3.9.4 INTERLOCKING SUB-PANEL
When a module is selected in the graphic bay panel, the key allows access to the interlocking panel.
Press any key to leave this panel and return to the graphic bay panel.
This panel displays the interlocking equation result (TRUE / FALSE) associated with a module control.
I N T E R L O C K <time sync. state> <time>
< Label of the module > = 16 characters
E Q L O P E N : state
E Q L C L O S E : state
E X I T

2.3.10 SETTINGS PANEL (OPTIONAL)

This panel is only available if it has been selected during the configuration process.
It is only relevant when the C26x is fitted with a TMU210 acquisition board as it is used to display and modify
protection settings and would basically be empty if none were available.
For the protection settings to be correctly displayed here they must have been downloaded using DS Agile
S1 AFTER the configuration databases (see Settings Chapter).
Figure 15: Setting selection menu tree
To navigate the Settings panel and its sub-panels:
• Use the keys and to switch between the Settings menu and sub-menus,
• Use the keys and to reach the setting fields.

The first page is used to choose whether to simply read the settings or modify them, in which case a
password must be entered before any setting change is allowed. If some settings are changed, 2 more
choices will be displayed to either cancel the changes or save them. There can be 4 operating modes:
• Read only: No password has been entered. In this mode, it is not possible to change any settings.
• Writable: A correct password has been entered and settings may be changed
• Modified: A correct password has been entered and at least one setting has been changed.
• Saving: The setting changes are being saved.
The second page displays a choice of 3 setting groups: Group 1, Group 2 and Group Auto.
These groups contain the same basic settings as if the setting file was opened in DS Agile S1.

GROUP 1 and GROUP 2 contain the protection settings: One is the active group and the other is inactive.
GROUP AUTO contains the various trip and control automations and is equivalent to the AUTOMAT. CTRL
menu in DS Agile S1.
The settings for the three groups are displayed over several pages. The labels are generally identical to the
first 18 characters of those used in DS Agile S1.
S E T T I NGS 1 6 : 5 6 : 0 0
D I S P L A Y
MOD I F I CA T I ON
S E T T I NGS 1 6 : 5 6 : 1 3
CANC E L
S A V E
GROU P 1 AC T I V E
GROU P 2 S E T T I NGS 1 6 : 5 6 : 2 5
OP E RA T I NG MOD E
GROU P AU T O [ 3 7 ] UND E RCURR E N T
[ 4 6 ] N EG S EQ O / C
R E AD ON L Y [ 3 2 N ] E AR T H W A TS TE M
T ET TI R
NGS 1 6 : 5 6 : 3 2
[ 5 9 N ] R E S I DU A L O / V
I < ?
[ 2 7 ] UND E R VO L T A GE O F F
I < V A L U E
0 . 2 0 I n
R E AD ON L Y t I <
0 0 0 . 0 0 s
R E AD ON L Y
C1051ENb
Figure 16: Typical setting selection
Note:
Unlike the display in the PC-based setting software, the C26x's front panel HMI does not hide the settings for
unselected protection functions, i.e., for instance, even if I> ? is set to ON (without direction), the polarising parameters
(I> TORQUE and I> TRIP ZONE) will still be displayed and appear settable.

2.3.11 ALARM PANEL (OPTIONAL)

This panel is only available if it has been selected during the configuration process.
Alarms are displayed in the form of one list in the panel. This list is a circular buffer and is displayed in a
scrollable view in the same way as for the events panel.
One screen of the LCD can contain a maximum of 2 alarms:
A L A R M <time sync. state> <time>
<Date, time and state of time of the last alarm state change > =21 char.
<State of the alarm>=19 char. Max. Gr
<Information about the event that caused
the occurrence or the state change of the alarm>
5 lines * 21 char./line maximum.
<Date, time and state of time of the last alarm state change > =21 char.
<State of the alarm>=19 char. Max. Gr
<Information about the event that caused
the occurrence or the state change of the alarm>
5 lines * 21 char./line maximum
An alarm is composed of 7 lines:
• Line 1: alarm apparition time-stamp

• Line 2: alarm state and gravity
• Line 3: label of the bay
• Line 4: label of the module
• Line 5: label of the datapoint
• Line 6: state of the datapoint
• Line 7: value and unit of the datapoint (if exists)

Alarms acknowledgement and clearing is defined in the “Controls” section.
A L A R M * 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 6
0 6 / 0 5 / 0 4 * 1 1 :M 2 2 : 3 3 . 1 2 3
I N C T A C T U N A C K A L 1
C 2 6 4 P
D S 1
D S 1 C t r l D P C
S E L E C T E D
K O - I N T E R L O C K
0 6 / 0 5 / 0 4 * 1 1 :M 2 2 : 3 2 . 4 5 6
A C T U N A C K A L 1
C 2 6 4 P
C 2 6 4 P
G O S M S G
R E S E T
0 0 1 / 0 0 2
A L A R M 0 1 : 0 2 : 0 3
0 6 / 0 5 / 0 4 * 1 1 :M 2 2 : 3 3 . 7 8 9
C A L C U 1
D a t a p o i n t s C 1
S P S 7
R E S E T
0 6 / 0 5 / 0 4 * 1 1 :M 2 2 : 3 1 . 9 6 3
C A L C U 1
D a t a p o i n t s C 1
S P S 7
R E S E T
0 0 1 / 0 1 6
Figure 17: Example of alarm sub-panel

2.3.12 EVENT PANEL

The event panel allows to display the event list of the C26x in a chronological order. Display of events is
done from newest to oldest: that means that the newest event declared is displayed at the top of the events
panel (i.e. newest event is always rank 1).
This event list is a circular queue. List maximum size depends of C26x version series. This list is displayed in
a scrollable view using arrows keys. When the circular queue is full and a new event appears, then the rank
of each event is increased and the oldest event in the queue is removed.
One screen of the LCD contains at maximum 2 events.
At first time the user enters the events’ panel, the 2 newest events are displayed.
E V E N T <time sync. state> <time>
0 0 1 ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
<Date, time and state of time of the event> =21 char.
<Information about event>
5 lines * 21 char./line maximum:
0 0 2 ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
<Date, time and state of time of the event> =21 char.
<Information about event>
5 lines * 21 char./line maximum
An event is composed of 7 lines:

Line 1: rank of the event in the circular queue
Line 2: event time stamp
Line 3: label of the bay
Line 4: label of the module
Line 5: label of the datapoint
Line 6: state of the datapoint
Line 7: value and unit of the datapoint (if exists)
Display mechanism for the first page:
• If the operator displays the first page, it is assumed that s/he is looking for the newest events.
Therefore, the page will be updated at the apparition of any new event.
Display mechanism for an intermediate page:
• The operator displays one page between the first page and the last one, it is assumed that s/he
examines more precisely these events.
• Therefore, when n events appear, the user keeps displaying the 2 same events. However, the rank of
each event is incremented by n in real time in the list. When the displayed event is removed from the
FIFO, the oldest event is displayed.

Display mechanism for the last page:
• Last page means displaying the two oldest event of the FIFO and the FIFO is full. When the displayed
event is removed from the FIFO, the new oldest event is displayed.
E V E N T * 1 2 : 3 4 : 5 6
0 0 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0A 6 / 0 5 / 103 2 * 1 1 :M 2 2 : 3 3 . 1 2 3
C 2 6 4 P
C 2 6 4 P
L O C A L / R E M O T E D P S
R E M O T E
0 0 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0A 6 / 0 5 / 103 2 * 1 1 :M 2 2 : 3 3 . 5 6 7
C 2 6 4 P
C 2 6 4 P
I S A G R A F S T A T U S
W A I T I N G
0 0 1 / 100 0 0
Figure 18: Example of event sub-panel

2.3.13 FAULT PANEL

The first LED of the local HMI indicates 2 levels of fault.
When the LED is ON, a major fault is present. It can be:
• A database inconsistency
• A hardware fault
If there is a minor fault the fault LED is blinking. It can be:
• A disconnected IED
• A problem about IRIG-B
• A problem about ISaGRAF
The Fault panel displays these faults.
2.3.14 DISTURBANCE RECORD PANEL

Display of disturbance records corresponds to the list of available disturbance records of the C26x. Two
types of files are managed:
• Disturbance file from an IED

• Waveform computed inside the C26x
D I S T U R B <time sync. state> <time>
FileName ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
<Record beginning date, time and state of time > =21 char.
<Information about event that causes the recording>:
2 lines * 21 char./line maximum for controller waveform record
Name of the IED for IED disturbance record
FileName ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ ⎯
<Record beginning date, time and state of time > =21 char.
The records are displayed on the panel using 2 lists according to the origin. Displayed information depends
on the origin of the file:
• waveform records are in COMTRADE format, 3 files can be displayed per page. Only the .cfg file
name is displayed on the panel (the .dat files are only available to be uploaded).
Name of the file (format name . cfg) Type (F,S)
Time stamp
Bay Name / Module Name / Datapoint label (up to 2 lines)
(F for fast waveform, S for slow waveform)
• From an IED: 3 files can be displayed per page.

Name of the file (format name . ext)
Time stamp
Name the IED

2.3.15 MENU TREE

Some parameters of the C26x can be set by the operator from local HMI. The display / modification of the
parameter value is done in the menu tree from the local HMI. All the parameters are group in the same path
of the menu tree.
The parameters that can be modified on-line are:
• language
• counters value
• synchrocheck parameters (if applicable)
• autorecloser parameters
• pulse delay for open / close controls
• motion 00 and motion 11 delays
• persistence filtering delays
• toggling parameters
• measurements thresholds, deadband and hysteresis
• serial communication parameters
The controls that can be performed from the menu tree are:
• reset of operating hours

• change of C26x operating mode
• global alarm acknowledgement
• global alarm clearing
• database switching
• date and time setting
• modify counters value
• modify energy counters value
Note:
The key is used to browse the menu tree. Therefore alarm acknowledgement is not possible from the menu tree.

The following figures show the menu tree in the three operating modes.
root
COMMAND MAIN RESET OP HOURS

CHANGE MODE OP
GLB ACK ALARM
GLB CLR ALARM
DATE
TIME
DB SWITCH
LANGUAGE
COUNTER
CONFIG COMPUTER MAIN IP ADDRESS
BAY (name of bay) INTERNAL S/C
AR
DEVICE (name of device 1) TIME OPEN

TIME CLOSE
(name of device i) TIME OPEN
TIME CLOSE
BI ( name of BI 1) MOTION 00 FILT

MOTION 11 FILT
PERS CLOSE FILT
PERS OPEN FILT
TOGGLING OPTION
( name of BI i) MOTION 00 FILT

MOTION 11 FILT
PERS CLOSE FILT
PERS OPEN FILT
TOGGLING OPTION
MV ( name of MV 1) HYSTERESIS
DEADBAND
THRESHOLD1
THRESHOLD2
THRESHOLD3
THRESHOLD4
THRESHOLD5
THRESHOLD6
( name of MV i) HYSTERESIS
DEADBAND
THRESHOLD1
THRESHOLD2
THRESHOLD3
THRESHOLD4
THRESHOLD5
THRESHOLD6
COMM. PORT COMM. PORT 4 BAUDRATE

PARITY
STOP BIT
NB BIT PER CHAR
HMI MAIN EXIT MT TIME
BACK LIGHT DELAY
SELECT EXIT TIME
PASSWORD
BYPASS DELAY
BAY (name of bay) DISPLAY DEV NAME

C0304ENa
Figure 19: Menu tree in operational and test modes (example)

root
COMMAND MAIN CHANGE MODE OP

DATE
TIME
DB SWITCH
CONFIG COMPUTER MAIN IP ADDRESS
HMI MAIN EXIT MT TIME

BACK LIGHT DELAY
SELECT EXIT TIME
PASSWORD
BYPASS DELAY
C0305ENa
Figure 20: Menu tree in maintenance mode
2.3.16 CONTROLS
Some controls can be performed from the local HMI:
• Bay Local / Remote mode

• Control of circuit breakers or disconnecting switches
• Tap changer control
• C26x mode
• Database switch
• Reset of operating hours
• Time and date setting
• Manual reset/modification of counters and energy counters
• Alarms acknowledgement
• Alarms clearing
Some of these commands are accessible in a panel (bay panel or alarm panel), the others are accessible in
the menu tree. Some controls are protected either by the bay local mode or by a password.
The following table sums up the protection rules and the accessibility of the controls:
Local Control Protection
Local / Remote control of bay Password protected (optional)
Not password protected.
X Module command
But protected by the password of command 1 if it exists
C26x mode Password protected
Data Base switch Password protected
Reset operating hours Password protected
Time and date setting Password protected
Manual reset of counters Password protected
Alarms Acknowledge Password protected
Alarms clearing Password protected

2.3.16.1 LOCAL / REMOTE CONTROL OF BAY

Local / Remote control of bay for LCD front panel (GHU20x)
The operator is allowed changing the bay mode:
• From local to remote

• From remote to local
If the C26x manages several bays, the state local / remote of bays is set bay by bay. Change of bay mode is
enabled if a bay panel is defined. It means that, if a bay is not associated with a bay panel, its local/remote
control mode cannot be controlled through the key of the panel.
Switch from the state remote to local can be password protected.
Switch from the state local to remote is not protected.
Local / Remote control of bay for simple panel with LEDs (GHU21x)
In case of simple panel, the operator controls all the bays of the C26x in the same time. To change mode, he
has to press of the key during at least 3 seconds. No password is necessary to check the control. A LED is
necessary to display the current mode, so the 5th LED is required for that. If all the bays are NOT in the same
state, the command will switch them all to local mode.
2.3.16.2 COMMANDS OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS, DISCONNECTING SWITCHES AND GENERIC

MODULES
Module command is possible by 2 ways:
• From the graphical panel

• From the sub panels command
Circuit breakers, disconnecting switches or generic command are ordered from the local HMI by the
operator. Commands allowed from the local HMI are:
• open
• close
• close a synchronised circuit breaker
• close with bypass on a synchronised circuit breaker (forcing closure), available only when the DI
“Accept Forcing is configured
The key allows to abort the choice in event of command on a close_synchrocheck.

SBO command
In case of the select/execution order (SBO) for opening or closing a module, make on the local HMI a
selection before an execution command.
For that, press the command key (key for OFF or key for ON) a first time for the selection
command, and press key for the execution command.
After a positive acknowledgement of the selection command, the module is displayed in reverse video.
DE command
In event of the Direct execute order (DE) for opening or closing module, the operator sends directly the
command using the command keys.

Interlocking bypass (if not inhibited in SCE)
To get access to the bypass flag modification panel once a module is selected, press the key .
Set the interlocking bypass command BEFORE you send the execute order.
To send the bypass command, use the bypass flag on the interlocking equation (EQL).
B Y P A S S <time sync. state> <time>
N A M E O F T H E M O D U L E
E Q L B Y P A S S O N
E X I T
Note:
The flag is not displayed if the related function has been set to spare in the graphic part of SCE.

Synchrocheck bypass
The operator can send the command using bypass flag on synchrocheck (forcing closure).
The S/C bypass flag is present when the “Accept Forcing” DI is configured. It can be set BEFORE or AFTER
the execute order sending.
To gain access to the bypass flag modification panel, press the key .
B Y P A S S <time sync. state> <time>
N A M E O F T H E M O D U L E
E Q L B Y P A S S O N
S / C B Y P A S S O N
E X I T
Interface with the operator on local control panel
The key allows to select graphically the module or the command of the bay. When a module is selected,
its label flashes.
The operator sends this command from the bay panel with key (for OFF) or key (for ON).
The key allows to abort the choice during the selection step (in event of SBO order).

2.3.16.3 TAP CHANGER CONTROL REQUEST
The key allows to select one by one the modules of the bay. When a transformer is selected, the
operator can control it from local control panel by dealing with associated tap changer positions.
In order to command the tap changer, the bay that the transformer belongs to has to be in local mode.
The commands that can be sent through the local HMI are:
• Raise (= current tap position + 1) with the key

for a Double Wound transformer the Low Voltage is increased
for an Auto-wound transformer the Low Voltage is reduced
Note:
A “raise” control is refused if the current tap position value corresponds to the maximum position of the tap.
• Lower (= current tap position -1) with the key

for a Double Wound transformer the Low Voltage is reduced
for an Auto-wound transformer the Low Voltage is increased
Note:
A “lower” control is refused if the current tap position value corresponds to the minimum position of the tap.
• In case of “go to min”, “go to max” or “go to position x” request, the C26x uses an internal automatic
function (via ISaGRAF) which generates the desired controls sequences in order to reach
automatically the expected position. This function may generate “Direct execute”, “SBO once” or “SBO
many” sequences according the configuration of the module.
2.3.16.4 C26X MODE

The operator is allowed to change the C26x mode between:
• Operational
• Maintenance
• Test
The operator sends this command from the menu tree with a password protection.
2.3.16.5 DATA BASE SWITCH

The DS Agile C26x has 2 databases. The operator can switch between both databases.
2.3.16.6 RESET OPERATING HOURS

The operator is allowed to reset the operating hours counter.

2.3.16.7 TIME AND DATE SETTING

The operator is allowed to set time and date of the C26x from the local HMI.
Time and date are set from the menu tree with a password protection.
2.3.16.8 MANUAL VALUE CHANGE OF COUNTERS

Counters can be reset or affected to a new value manually by the operator at BCP.
Counters are changed from the menu tree with a password protection.
M E N U T R E E * H H : M M : S S
/ / C O M M A N D / C O U N T E R /
c o u n t e r 1 /
C O U N T E R v a l u e
current value
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
wanted value
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
M I N 0
M A X 2 1 4 7 4 8 3 6 4 7
C0306ENa
Figure 21: Example of manual value change for a counter
When this panel is displayed the most right digit of the wanted value is in inverse video.
Keys and are used to select the digit of the wanted value that has to be modified, and to
change the value of the selected digit.
Once the correct wanted counter value is defined, it can be validated by pressing the key .
2.3.16.9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ALARMS

Acknowledgement of alarms is performed globally or on a per alarm basis:
• Global acknowledgement: the operator can acknowledge all the unacknowledged alarms of the C26x.
It is performed from the menu tree (with password check).
• Alarm per alarm acknowledgement: the operator can perform the alarm acknowledge one by one. It is
performed from the alarm panel.
2.3.16.9.1 Global acknowledge
The operator can acknowledge all the unacknowledged alarms of the C26x
Acknowledgement of all alarms is done from the menu tree (with password check).
2.3.16.9.2 Alarm per alarm acknowledge
The operator can perform the alarm acknowledge one by one.
In this case, in the “alarm panel” he selects an alarm and can activate the acknowledge .


Acknowledgement alarm by alarm is done from the alarm panel.
The procedure of acknowledgement by the operator is the following one:
• the operator select (in the alarm panel) one alarm with the select key . Once the alarm is selected,
the two first lines of the alarm in the alarm panel are blinking. Deselecting is performed by the key .
• the operator press the ‘enter’ key , enter the password if necessary
The key allows to abort the command.

If the key sequence is correct, the selected unacknowledged alarm is acknowledged.
The state of the alarm is then changed depending of its initial state:
active unacknowledged Î active acknowledged
• inactive unacknowledged Î inactive acknowledged if the disappearance of the alarm has to be

acknowledged
• The alarm list is updated with the new state of the alarm. The alarm in the inactive acknowledged state
is automatically cleared and removed from the alarm list if the automatic clearing mode is set for this
alarm in the database.
2.3.16.10 ALARMS CLEARING

Clear of alarms is performed globally or on a per alarm basis:
• Global clear: the operator can clear all the inactive acknowledged alarms of the C26x. It is performed
from the menu tree (with password check).
• Alarm per alarm clear: the operator can perform the alarm clear one by one. It is performed from the
alarm panel.
2.3.16.10.1 Global clear
The operator can clear all the inactive acknowledged alarms of the C26x
Clear of all alarms is done from the menu tree (with password check).
2.3.16.10.2 Alarm per alarm clear
The operator can perform the alarm clear one by one.
In this case, in the “alarm panel” he selects an alarm and can activate the clear.
Clear alarm by alarm is done from the alarm panel.
The procedure of clear by the operator is as follows:
• The operator selects (in the alarm panel) one alarm with the select key .
Only the inactive acknowledged alarm can be selected.
• Once the alarm is selected, the two first lines of the alarm in the alarm panel are blinking (deselect by
the key )
• The operator press the ‘enter’ key , enters the password if necessary.
The key allows to abort the command.

If the key sequence is correct, the selected alarm is cleared and disappears from the list.
2.3.17 PASSWORD MANAGEMENT

The password is composed of a string of 4 characters. Only letters, from A to Z, are used. (upper case)
2 passwords are valid in the C26x:
• A user password modifiable by an operator

• A secret password always valid and not modifiable.
Password (user or secret) is necessary to activate some commands from local HMI:
• command from bay panel

• command with menu tree
• remote to local bay mode (optional)
User password is modifiable by the menu tree.
When a password is required, a string “password ??: “ is displayed in the current panel. The operator has to
enter it.
The first character is selected. The keys and allow to change of selected character.
The keys and allow to change the value of selected character.
During the key boarding, the character is displayed at each key press. The key validates the entered
password.
• The password validity time is 15 minutes. During this delay, user can run another command. This
delay is re-armed at each key press.

3 COMPUTER MAINTENANCE TOOL

The Computer Maintenance Tool is a graphical tool that gives access to standard commands and secures
the basic maintenance interventions.
The CMT communicates with the C26x on Ethernet in direct addressing mode.
The CMT's functions are:
• Access to C26x software version and facility to download new software

• Access to C26x databases versions and descriptions and facility to download, switch new database,
and upload database (for some restricted applications)
• Access to boot parameters and facility to change them

• Access to date and time and facility to change them
• Access to sequence of events
For more details, refer to the chapter C26x/EN IN.

4 EMBEDDED MAINTENANCE WEB SERVER

When the C26x is equipped with a CPU270 (also named CPU type 3) some maintenance web facilities are
available through the Internet Network. For detailed information, refer to section 4 of chapter C26x/EN MF.

5 PRINTER
Some specific events (the events to log are declared in the database) are printed and chronologically sorted
on logbook printers. They are printed with their time stamping and a complete description (location and event
description).
Logbook printers can be connected to SCP operator interface or to a bay level controller. The printout
format, which can be defined by user during the system configuration phase, is the same across the whole
log book printers connected.
A C26x does not print information coming from other controllers.
5.1 INPUTS
A C26x receives acquisition from various pieces of equipment (protection, sensors, etc.) and, after
processing, may generate events that have to be printed. These kinds of events are defined in the database
during the configuration phase.
Types of events can be:
• Binary inputs (SP, DP, MP, SI and Groups)

• Tap position indication
• Measurement
• Operator action:
• Log-in and log-off,
• Modules control
• Alarm acknowledgement / clearing
5.2 OUTPUTS
The 5 following properties can be printed. Each property is separated from the other by one blank character.
The position of each property in the printed line (i.e. position 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5) is defined in configuration:
• Chronology – 1 character: refer to section “SOE events”

• TimeStamp – 24 or 26 characters: refer to section “SOE events”
• Origin - 67 characters: for BI, TPI, measurements, controls and alarms, the origin gives the access
path to the object (refer to section “SOE events”)
• ObjectName - 16 characters
• ObjectMessage - 16 characters
The Origin, ObjectName and ObjectMessage properties contain different information depending of the
associated event type.

5.3 PRINTER MANAGEMENT
5.3.1 HEADER & FOOTER

A header and footer can be printed at each page. They are composed of one line, separated from the events
by a blank line.
Site name – Computer name Date /Hour
Blank line
Log Book
Blank line
Page number
The page number is in the range [1..999]. It is reset at 1 after reaching 999 and at each new day.
The date could have the following format: DD/MM/YY or MM/DD/YY or YY/MM/DD or DD/MM/YYYY or
MM/DD/YYYY or YYYY/MM/DD. The time has the following format: hh:mm:ss.
5.3.2 CHRONOLOGY & TIME STAMP

The printers are managed in a real-time printing mode.
All synchronised information is printed in a chronological order.
Events are printed with their time-stamping and a complete description (location and event description). The
equipment detecting the event does the time-stamping (time-stamping at source).
5.3.3 PRINTER OUT OF SERVICE

If a printer fails, all the messages are stored in a circular buffer
When the buffer is full, any new message replaces the oldest one.
An indication (Printer status) is generated to indicate the printer failure.
5.3.4 CIRCULAR FIFO MANAGEMENT

Before being printed, all information goes into a circular buffer
A latency delay is configured to sort information.
← Latency →
printers ← Buffer length ←Data flow
The size of the buffer is 2000.

When the buffer is full, the oldest information are deleted (300 pieces of information suppressed) in order to
have place for new ones.
A specific message is inserted in the buffer to indicate the lost of information, this message has the following
information:
TimeStamp = date of the oldest suppress information
Origin = Name of the C26x (configurable)
ObjectName = SUPPRESSED INFOS (configurable)
ObjectMessage = number of lost information

The figure below shows an example of SOE page:
substation-C264_GTW 05/07/06 09:08:35.232
* 05/07/06 09:08:35.232 CALC C264N3 /Generic module Group Permanent Self Check fault
* 05/07/06 09:08:35.232 CALC C264N3 /Group 0 to 499 Group Self Check fault
* 05/07/06 09:08:35.232 CALC C264N3 /Group 0 to 499 Group 1 Self Check fault
PAGE 001
C1114ENa


COMMISSIONING
C26X/EN CM/C57
DS Agile C26x Commissioning
Contents

1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Definition 3
1.3 Commissioning the product 3
1.4 Responsibility 3
1.5 Setting familiarisation 4
1.6 Requirements 4
2 DOWNLOADING A DATABASE 5
2.1 Database download with CMT 5
2.2 Database download with SMT 6
3 COMMISSIONING TESTS WITH GHU200 OR GHU201 (WITH LCD) 7

3.1 Preparation 7
3.2 Check version & number 8
3.3 Faults 9
3.4 Check the boards status 9
3.5 Checking the binary signal inputs 10
3.6 Checking the output relays 11
3.7 Testing the communication with external devices 12
3.8 Testing the control functions 13
3.9 Switching from local to remote control 13
4 COMMISSIONING TESTS WITH GHU210 OR GHU211 (WITHOUT LCD) 14
5 PROTECTION COMMISSIONING TESTS 15

5.1 Protection Commissioning Test environment 15
5.2 Product verification tests 16
5.3 Allocation of terminals 16
5.4 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 16
5.5 Current Transformers (CTs) 16
5.6 Use of a Core Balance CT for earth faults 16
5.7 Protection parameters check 17
5.8 Settings 17
5.9 Measurements 18
5.10 Procedure 18
5.11 Threshold checks 18
5.12 Final checks 25
C26x/EN CM/C57 CM-1

Commissioning DS Agile C26x
CM-2 C26x/EN CM/C57


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x manuals. It describes the database downloading and C26x
commissioning and should not be confused with application commissioning. This chapter follows the chapter
C26x/EN IN (Installation).
1.1 INTRODUCTION
To commission DS Agile C26x, it is necessary to verify that the hardware is functioning correctly and that the
application-specific software settings have been applied to the C26x.
To verify that the DS Agile C26x is operating correctly, a database has to be loaded into the C26x. Once the
database has been loaded, tests should be performed on each single C26x unit.
As the DS Agile C26x’s menu language is user-selectable, it is acceptable for the Commissioning Engineer
to change it to allow accurate testing as long as the menu is restored to the customer’s preferred language
on completion.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the
contents of the chapter C26x/EN SA (Safety), of the Alstom Safety Guide: SFTY/4L M, and
of all the C26x technical data.
1.2 DEFINITION
The objective of commissioning is to prove that the equipment, and any interconnections to process and
other system components, is suitable for its intended purpose.
Commissioning is the activity that demonstrates that the equipment is acceptable for service. As digital
devices are configured for specific application, the commissioning can be split into two main parts:
• Commissioning the product.

• Commissioning the application (when product has had its database loaded). This second part is
documented and carried out through FAT (Factory Acceptance Tests), and SAT (Site Acceptance
Tests) activities.
The scope of this chapter is the description of commissioning tests that prove that the C26x unit is suitable
for further application tests.
1.3 COMMISSIONING THE PRODUCT

Commissioning the product starts with product reception and is continued through all off the installation
procedures. Activities are divided between: -
• Visual inspection at reception.

• Inspection at Front Panel when DS Agile C26x is powered up.
• The starting point is the delivery form that describes all of the delivered hardware components that
constitute the DS Agile C26x.
1.4 RESPONSIBILITY
Most commissioning activities involve a power supply that can damage the installation or cause injury to the
operator. The chapter C26x/EN SA (Safety) should be read carefully before any handling.
Before starting commissioning, the contractual and human responsibilities should be clearly defined.
Only qualified and competent persons should carry out commissioning and the validation tests.
C26x/EN CM/C57 CM-3

1.5 SETTING FAMILIARISATION

Commissioning the DS Agile C26x requires operation of its Human Machine Interface (the Local Control
Display). The chapter C26x/EN HI contains a detailed description of the menu structure of the DS Agile
C26x.
The commissioning engineer should have had training on the HMI or sufficient time should be allowed to
become familiar with it (with an already commissioned device).
1.6 REQUIREMENTS
It is essential that all requirements expressed in the chapter C26x/EN IN (Installation) have been fulfilled.
The delivery form is the starting document.
CM-4 C26x/EN CM/C57

2 DOWNLOADING A DATABASE
The DS Agile C26x requires a database to operate. It stores up to two databases, named “current” and
“stand-by”. Only the current database is used for operation. The second database can be downloaded when
the C26x is in operational or maintenance mode. A specific control allows switching between the two stored
databases.
Alstom DS Agile SCE (System Configuration Editor) is used to generate the databases. SMT (System
Management Tool) or CMT (Computer Maintenance Tool) are used to download and switch the databases.
The use of SMT or CMT depends on the number of controllers. For several controllers on the same Ethernet
network, it is recommended to use SMT in order to ensure database consistency between units.
2.1 DATABASE DOWNLOAD WITH CMT

First copy the .zip database issued by SCE to the host.
Note:
Do not put the archive on the desktop nor in the My Documents folder (the path must no include blanks). Do not keep it
in a USB stick.
In the CMT application:
• Click the Search computers button in the bottom part

• Select the targeted C26x in the list
• Click the Data Base menu button:
I
N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
A
C
T
I
O
N
S
C26x/EN CM/C57 CM-5

• Click the Select a Data base version button, select the bd.x.xx.zip file corresponding to the database
to use and click OK; as a result, the .adb files in the archive are transferred into the folder <installation
folder>/Computer/Cmt/db
• In the Choose your download list, select Database only; this opens a dialog box: choose the .adb
file corresponding to the selected C26x and click OK
• Click the Switch data bases button; the DS Agile C26x restarts on the database you have
downloaded. It starts in operational mode.
Note:
On a C26x-Standalone application (C26x not associated to any other DS Agile IEC 61850-8-1 devices), the source
database (MPC file) can be stored on the CPU270 (up to 20MB file size); this will be possible by selecting DATABASE
+ MPC, on the download list box:
For more information, refer to the section In-depth description in the chapter C26x/EN IN.
2.2 DATABASE DOWNLOAD WITH SMT
2.2.1 LOADING DB UNDER SMT

First load the DB version (menu Databases > Add database…). The DB is then stored on the hard disk and
appears in the database list.
Right click to “set current” the DB, then to send a “connect all”, then SMT communicates with the C26x;
otherwise check wiring and settings.
2.2.2 DOWNLOAD DB ONTO C26X

Still using right buttons choose the “download all” option and wait for the acknowledgement of a successful
transfer.
Note: After a format and a bootInstall of VB6.19 version C26x and a C26x reboot using the CMT, the SMT cannot find
the connected C26x; therefore it is not possible to load a DB. To retrieve the C26x, reboot it from the shell (Telnet
button).
2.2.3 SWITCH TO DOWNLOADED DATA BASE

If no database has previously been installed then the database is automatically set to be the running
database. If there is a database already installed then the downloaded database will become the standby
database. In this event, the new database has to be switched to make it the running database. In both cases
it is necessary to reboot the C26x to put the database into running mode.
For more information, refer to the chapter DS Agile/EN CM.
CM-6 C26x/EN CM/C57

3 COMMISSIONING TESTS WITH GHU200 OR GHU201 (WITH

LCD)
3.1 PREPARATION
After the C26x has been installed and connected as described in chapters C26x/EN IN and C26x/EN CO,
the commissioning procedure can begin.
Before turning on the power supply voltage, the following items must be checked:
• Is the device connected to the protective ground at the specified location?

• Does the nominal (and measured) voltage of the battery agree with the nominal auxiliary voltage of the
device?
• Are the current and voltage transformer (if used) connections, grounding, and phase sequences
correct?
After the wiring work is completed, check the system to make sure it is properly isolated.
Once all checks have been made, the power supply voltage may be turned on.
After the voltage has been applied, the C26x starts up.
During start-up, various tests are carried out; the results show on the LEDs and LCD.
If a database is present in the C26x, the fourth LED will stay on.
After approximately 30 s, the C26x is ready for operation.
In initial, factory-set condition or after a cold restart, the front panel displays a splash “Alstom”.
After the settings have been made, the following checks should be carried out before any interlocks or
isolation is cancelled:
• Are the software and database versions compatible with the hardware?
• Has the setting file been uploaded into the C26x?
• Are all boards correctly assigned within the C26x?
• Are all IOs correctly configured and recognised by the C26x?
• Are all communications (S-BUS, T-BUS and L-BUS) correctly configured and recognised?
• Are the control functions fully operational?
• Are the protection settings fully operational (TMU210 only)?
• Is the automation running?
The following sections describe the checks to be performed to answer these questions and ensure that the
C26x is fully operational in its application.
C26x/EN CM/C57 CM-7

3.2 CHECK VERSION & NUMBER

In the commissioning process this panel is the first to check. The C26x serial number tells if the C26x is the
ordered one, and indirectly gives the hardware version.
The software version from the VC document gives features and limits of the DS Agile C26x.
The database version is given by DS Agile SCE database version and describes all the settings on the DS
Agile C26x.
The operational mode indicates whether the device is in a maintenance or operational mode.
S E R V I C E <time>
S E R I A L N B :
S O F T W A R E V E R S I O N :
D B 1 V E R S I O N S T A T E :
D B 2 V E R S I O N S T A T E :
O P E R A T I N G H O U R S :
O P E R A T I N G M O D E :
R E D U N D A N C Y M O D E :
CM-8 C26x/EN CM/C57

3.3 FAULTS
If the first LED is alight, this means that there is something wrong inside the C26x.
The FAULT panel gives information about the problem.
F A U L T <time>
<Description of the problem>
3.4 CHECK THE BOARDS STATUS

The C26x's front panel gives access to C26x boards status (refer to chapter C26x/EN HI).
Board labels are defined during the configuration phase. They are based on short names and are indexed
automatically. The default configuration model is:
• GHU Graphical Human Unit
• BIU Basic Interface Unit (power supply)
• CCU Circuit breaker Control Unit (SBO board)
• DIU Digital Input Unit
• DOU Digital Output Unit
• AIU Analogue Input Unit (DC current and voltage input)
• TMU Transducerless Measurements Unit (CT/VT board)
• AOU Analogue Output Unit (4 current analogue output)
C26x/EN CM/C57 CM-9

The product checks whether the number of installed boards matches with the number of boards configured,
the following messages are generated depending on the results:
• OK Board configured present and operational
• Failure Board configured present and faulty
• Missing Board configured not present
• Too many Board not configured but present (spare)
Note that these state labels are manually set in configuration and that the exact text could slightly vary due to customer
preference, but not their actual meaning.
B O A R D <time>
<Board Label><Number>
<Board Status>
<Board Status>
<Board Status>
<Board Status>
<Board Status>
<Board Status>
N°page/Number of Pages
3.5 CHECKING THE BINARY SIGNAL INPUTS

The C26x front panel gives access to input status for all DI boards (DIU200, DIU210, DIU211, CCU211 or
CCU200).
For DIU200, DIU210 and DIU211 boards:
D I <time>
DIU <Number>
DI 0 <status> DI 8 <status>
CM-10 C26x/EN CM/C57

For CCU200 and CCU211boards:

D I <time>
CCU <Number>
DI 0 <status>
DI 1 <status>
DI 2 <status>
DI 3 <status>
DI 4 <status>
DI 5 <status>
DI 6 <status>
DI 7 <status>
3.6 CHECKING THE OUTPUT RELAYS

The C26x's front panel gives access to output relays status for all DO boards (DOU200, DOU201, CCU211
or CCU200).
For DOU200 and DOU201 boards:
D O <time>
DOU <Number>
DO 0 <status> DO 8 <status>
DO 1 <status> DO 9 <status>
DO 2 <status>
DO 3 <status>
DO 4 <status>
DO 5 <status>
DO 6 <status>
DO 7 <status>
C26x/EN CM/C57 CM-11

For CCU200 and CCU211 boards:

D O <time>
CCU <Number>
DO 0 <status>
DO 1 <status>
DO 2 <status>
DO 3 <status>
3.7 TESTING THE COMMUNICATION WITH EXTERNAL DEVICES

The IED panel gives access to the connection state with external devices on Ethernet protocol or serial links:
I E D <time>
IP CLIENT NB:
IP SERVER : <protocol>
<Server 1 Name>
<Server 1 IP address> <connection state>
<Server 2 Name>
<Server 2 IP address> <connection state>
…
LEGACY DEVICE : <protocol>
<IED 1 name>
<IED 1 address> <connection state>
<IED 1 name>
<IED 1 address> <connection state>
…

3.8 TESTING THE CONTROL FUNCTIONS

The selected bay type is displayed on the Bay Panel. The activation of the Bay Panel display is described in
Chapter C26x/EN HI.
If the position signals of the switchgear units are connected correctly to the C26x, then the updated switching
status of the switchgear units will be displayed on the bay panel.
If the switching status is not displayed correctly, the user can check the physical state signals of the binary
inputs to determine whether the status signals in the C26x are correct.
3.9 SWITCHING FROM LOCAL TO REMOTE CONTROL

Bays can be controlled locally using the keys on the local control panel or remotely through the
communication interface (SCADA or operator interface).
The control point – Local or Remote – is selected either by means of the L/R key on the local control panel or
via appropriately configured binary signal input. If binary signal input has been configured, then the L/R key
has no effect.
Switching from Remote to Local using the L/R key on the local control panel is only possible if the L/R
password has been entered. The selected control point is displayed on the Bay Panel.
3.9.1 LOCAL CONTROL

Bay to be controlled is selected by pressing the Selection key on the local control panel.
If the bay is to be controlled through binary signal inputs, then the appropriate signal input must be triggered.
3.9.2 REMOTE CONTROL

The switchgear units can be controlled via the communication interface or appropriately configured binary
signal inputs.

4 COMMISSIONING TESTS WITH GHU210 OR GHU211

(WITHOUT LCD)
After the C26x has been installed and connected as described in chapters C26x/EN IN and C26x/EN CO,
the commissioning procedure can begin.
Before turning on the power supply voltage, the following items must be checked:
• Is the device connected to the protective ground at the specified location?

• Does the nominal (and measured) voltage of the battery agree with the nominal auxiliary voltage of the
device?
• Are the current and voltage transformer (if used) connections, grounding, and phase sequences
correct?
After the wiring work is completed, make sure the system is properly isolated.
Once all checks have been made, the power supply voltage may be turned on.
After the voltage has been applied, the C26x starts up.
During start-up, various tests are carried out; the results show on the LEDs.
If a database is present in the C26x, the fourth LED will stay on.
After approximately 30 s, the C26x is ready for operation.
After the settings have been made, it is necessary to check that the software and the database versions are
compatible with the hardware.
Carry put checks using the CMT (see chapter C26x/EN IN).
With the CMT, the “Computer version” button gives access to the current C26x software version, the active
database and the C26x operational mode.
For a normal behaviour, the C26x mode is “ACTIVE”.

5 PROTECTION COMMISSIONING TESTS
5.1 PROTECTION COMMISSIONING TEST ENVIRONMENT
5.1.1 IMPORTANT NOTES

All the commissioning tests of the DS Agile C26x are carried out by injecting currents and voltages to the
secondary of the earth and/or phase CTs and VTs using appropriate injection test sets provided for this
purpose.
5.1.1.1 INJECTION TEST SETS

The test of directional protection within the DS Agile C26x requires at least a phase current, phase to phase
and residual voltage injection.
The test equipment must provide tools to change the phase between voltage and current.
For reasons of convenience (weight, spatial requirement, transportation), a single-phased current injection
and single voltage test set is more suitable for commissioning and is able to perform all commissioning tests
regarding overcurrent directional/non directional protection of DS Agile C26x.
Thus, the following descriptions indicate how to conduct the commissioning tests with a single-phase
injection test set.
However, for certain commissioning tests, the three-phase wiring diagrams are easier to understand and in
this case the description is also given in three-phase format.
Single-phase injection test set:
• 1 current (0 to 50 A), timer (precision 1 ms)

• 1 voltage (30 to 130 V), timer (precision 1 ms)
Three-phase injection test set:
• 3 currents (0 to 50 A), timer (precision 1 ms)

• 3 voltage (30 to 130 V), timer (precision 1 ms)
Possibility to lag the current respect to voltage injection.
Additional commissioning test equipment:
• 1 multimeter (precision 1%)

• 1 connecting terminal to measure the currents exceeding 10 A (precision 2%)
Test plugs and wires to carry out injections to the CT's secondary (dimension according to the currents
injected).
5.1.2 PROTECTION COMMISSIONING TEST SHEETS

Commissioning test sheets are available in the chapter C26x/EN RS.
The presentation of the Commissioning test sheets follows the description of the tests of this chapter.
The contents of these Protection Commissioning test sheets enable you to log:
• The characteristics of the DS Agile C26x for the protection features

• The various settings
• The results of the protection checks
• The result of the test records after commissioning.

5.2 PRODUCT VERIFICATION TESTS
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the
contents of the safety guide SFTY/4LM/E11 or later issue, or the safety and technical data
sections of the technical manual and also the ratings on the equipment rating label.
5.3 ALLOCATION OF TERMINALS

It is necessary to consult the appropriate wiring diagram provided in the chapter C26x/EN CO of this
Technical Guide whilst observing the various polarities and ground/earth connection.
5.4 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)

Before any handling of the module (active part of the relay), please refer to the recommendations in
C26x/EN SA.
5.5 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS (CTS)
Never open circuit the secondary circuit of a current transformer since the high voltage
produced may be lethal and could damage insulation.
5.6 USE OF A CORE BALANCE CT FOR EARTH FAULTS

If a core balance CT is used to detect earth faults, prior to any test, the user must check the following points:
• MV or HV cable screens and core CT

• No current flow through the MV or HV cables
• Orientation of the core CT (P1-S1, P2-S2)
5.6.1 CABLE SHIELDS AND CORE CT

When mounting a core balance CT around electric cables, check the connection to the earth of the cable
shields. It is vital that the earth cable of the shield moves in the opposite direction through the core CT. This
cancels the currents carried by the cable shields through the core CT.
Electrical cables directed

to the busbar Screen shields
P1 S1
P2 S2
Other ends
of electrical cables
P0041ENa
Figure 1: Screen shields and core CT

5.6.2 CORE CT POLARITY

It is necessary to check the polarity of the core CT by following the figure below:
Momentarily connect the battery + to P1 and – to P2. The centre zero ammeter connected with + to S1 and –
to S2 will deflect in the positive direction if the wiring is correct.
The phase CT may be tested using the same method.
P1 S1 _
+ mA
+
_
P2 S2
P0043ENa
Figure 2: CORE CT ORIENTATION TEST
Note:
De-magnetise the CT after polarity test. Inject an ac current starting from zero and increase to slowly exceed the CT
nominal value and then decrease slowly to zero.
5.7 PROTECTION PARAMETERS CHECK

The C26x protection parameters checks must ensure that all C26x parameters have been correctly applied
to the C26x for the specific application.
Transfer the Protection parameters file to the C26x using a laptop PC running the appropriate software (DS
Agile S1) via the Ethernet port.
Note:
The DS Agile SCE settings are consider to be correctly download and compliant with the application including the
different DIs, Dos and AIs assignment.
The commissioning checks are as follows:

1 Protection parameters verify and delivery to customer
2 Validation of the measurements
3 Validation of the thresholds and associated timers.
5.8 SETTINGS
Log the Protection parameters on the commissioning test sheets.

5.9 MEASUREMENTS
The DS Agile C26x measures phase and earth currents, phase (phase to phase) voltage, zero sequence
voltage as a true RMS value up to the 15th harmonics. The value(s) indicated take account of the phase
and/or earth CT ratio and VT ratio.
The DS Agile C26x has 1 and 5 A current inputs,

and 57 – 130 V or 220 – 480 V voltage input.
Check that the injected current and voltage are compatible with the selected range.
5.10 PROCEDURE
• Note the select phase and earth CTs ratio, phase voltage VTs ratio and neutral voltage VTs ratio as
configured in the SCE and S1V4 files
• Energise the DS Agile C26x relay.

• Apply current to TMU210 inputs terminals 15-16 and verify the IA value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply current to TMU210 inputs terminals 11-12 and verify the IB value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply current to TMU210 inputs terminals 7-8 and verify the IC value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply current to TMU210 inputs terminals 3-4 and verify the IN value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply voltage to TMU210 inputs terminals 21-22 and verify the VA value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply voltage to TMU210 inputs terminals 23-24 and verify the VB value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply voltage to TMU210 inputs terminals 25-26 and verify the VC value shown on the LCD or on the
CMT.
• Apply voltage to TMU210 inputs terminals 27-28 and verify the VN or VBB value shown on the LCD or
on the CMT.
Log the results to the Commissioning test sheets (Applied values and C26x values displayed).
5.11 THRESHOLD CHECKS

This test type demonstrates that the C26x is operating correctly at the application specific protection
parameters.
5.11.1 PROTECTION PARAMETERS

Set the following parameters for the DS Agile C26x
Applying the voltage and current to terminals as in wiring diagrams in chapter C26x/EN CO.
The applied current and voltage must be great than setting value.

5.11.2 OVERCURRENT PARAMETERS

CONFIGURATION
General Options
2Vpp+Vr
Transfo. Ratio
Line CT primary 1A
Line CT Sec 1A
E/Gnd CT primary 1A
E/Gnd CT Sec 1A
Line VT primary 0.100 kV
Line VT Sec 100.0 V
E/Gnd VT primary 0.100 kV
E/Gnd VT Sec 100.0 V
Protection Menu G1
I> Yes
I> VALUE 1 In
tI> DT or IDMT or RI
tI> (if DT) 10 s
Curve (if IDMT) IEC VI or IEEE VI
TMS value (if IDMT) 1
K value (if RI) 1
U> OR
U> VALUE 20V
tU> 10 s
U< OR
U< VALUE 20V
tU< 10 s
Ie> Yes
Ie> VALUE 1 In
tIe> DT or IDMT or RI
tIe> (if DT) 20 s
Curve (if IDMT) IEC VI or IEEE VI
TMS value (if IDMT)1 K value (if RI)=1
Un> 10 V
tUn> 10 s
Automation Menu
TRIP tI> YES
TRIP tU> YES
TRIP tIe> YES
TRIP Un> YES
5.11.2.1 EARTH CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TEST

After the setting is completed connect the relay using the wiring diagram in chapter C26x/EN CO.

5.11.2.1.1 Phase overcurrent I> threshold test

Phase overcurrent threshold check:
• If the time-delay tI> is short, gradually increase the injection current up to the value of the I> threshold.
• If the time-delay tI> is long, inject 0.95 x I threshold and check that there is no tripping. Then inject 1.1
x I threshold and check the trip.
• Gradually decrease the injected current and record the value of the drop out off
(I> threshold).
Checks:
• Alarm message on the LCD display. (if configured).

• Alarm LED flashes (if configured).
• Trip LED on (if configured).
• I> threshold LED on (if configured).
• Trip output closes (if configured).
• I> threshold output closes (if configured).
Delay type: Definite time tI>
• Apply a current into one of the phases and measure the time-delay tI> by pre-setting the current above
the I> threshold (I injected > 2 x I threshold).
• Apply a current onto one of the phases and measure the time-delay tI> by pre-setting the current
above the I> threshold (I injected > 10 x I threshold).
Checks:
• Alarm message on the LCD display for I> after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if
configured).
• Alarm LED flashes > after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if configured).
• Trip LED on after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if configured).
• I> threshold LED on (if configured).> after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed.
• Trip output closes > after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if configured).
• I> threshold output closes (if configured).> after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed.
Delay type: Inverse time (IDMT)
Used threshold for this test:
• I>, tI>
• Supply the C26x, inject a current equal to 2 x I> threshold into one of the earth current inputs. Repeat
the operation for various current values (n x Ie threshold with n ranging from 4 to 10, for example).
Check that the values measured correspond to those indicated in the table below (for TMS=1).
IEC curves
Type of curve Tripping time (in seconds) for TMS =1
IEC 2 x I threshold 10 x I threshold
Nominal Min - Max Nominal Min - Max
STI 1.78 1.62 - 1.98 0.5 0.45 - 0.55
SI 10.1 9.1 - 11.1 3 2.7 - 3.3


VI 13.5 12.2 - 14.9 1.5 1.35 - 1.65
EI 26.7 24 - 29.5 0.8 0.72 - 0.88
LTI 120 108 - 132 13.3 12 - 14.6
IEEE/ANSI curves
IEEE/ANSI 2 x I threshold 10 x I threshold
STI 0.25 0.22 - 0.28 0.08 0.07- 0.09
MI 3.8 3.4 - 4.2 1.2 1.08 - 1.32
I 2.2 1.9 - 2.4 0.3 0.27 - 0.33
VI 7.2 6.5 - 8 0.7 0.63 - 0.77
EI 9.5 8.5 - 10.5 0.4 0.36 - 0.44
RI electromechanical curve
Type of curve Tripping time (in seconds) for K =1
Electromechanical 2 x I threshold 10 x I threshold
RI 4.5 4-5 3.2 2.8 - 3.6
For other injected current values, compare the values found with the theoretical values calculated according
to the formula of the curves.
Note:
Equations of IEC, IEEE/ANSI and RI curves are given in chapter C26x/EN TD.
Checks:
• I> Alarm message on the LCD display (if configured)

• Alarm LED flashes (if configured)
• Trip LED on (if configured)
• I> threshold LED on (if configured)
• Trip output closes (if configured)
• I> threshold output closes (if configured)
5.11.2.1.2 Phase to phase (phase to neutral) over-voltage U> threshold
Phase overcurrent threshold check:
• If the time-delay tU> is short, gradually raise the injection voltage up to the value of U> threshold.
• If the time-delay tU> is long, inject 0.95 x U> threshold setting and check there is no trip. Then inject
1.1 x U> threshold setting and check the trip output is close.
• Gradually lower the injected current and note the value of the drop out U> threshold.

Checks:
• Alarm message on the LCD display for U> after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if
configured).
• Alarm LED flashes (if configured). after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed.
• Trip LED on, after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if configured).
• U> threshold LED on (if configured) > after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed.
• Trip output closes U> after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed (if configured).
• U> threshold output closes (if configured) after that the setting trip time-delay has elapsed.
5.11.2.1.3 Earth fault overcurrent and residual over voltage test.
Delay type: Definite time
Used thresholds for this test:
• Ie>, tIe>, Un >, tUn>.

• Supply the C26x, inject current and voltage with magnitude greater then Ie> and Un> setting value.
• If the time-delay tIe> is short, gradually increases injection current up to the value of the Ie> threshold.
• If the time-delay tIe> is long, inject 0.95 x I threshold and check that there is no tripping. Then inject
1,1 x Ie threshold and check the trip.
• Gradually decreases the injected current and record the value of the drop out Ie> threshold.
• The same procedure above for Un>
Checks:
• Alarm message on the LCD display (if configured)

• Ie>, Un> threshold LED on (if configured)
• Ie>, Un> threshold output closes (if configured)
Delay type: Inverse time (IDMT)
Used thresholds for this test:
• Ie>, tIe>
• Supply the C26x inject a current equal to 2 x Ie> threshold into one of the earth current inputs. Repeat
the operation for various current values (n x Ie threshold with n ranging from 4 to 10, for example).
Check that the values measured correspond to those indicated in the table below (for TMS=1).
IEC curves
IEC 2 x I threshold 10 x I threshold
STI 1.78 1.62 - 1.98 0.5 0.45 - 0.55
SI 10.1 9.1 - 11.1 3 2.7 - 3.3
VI 13.5 12.2 - 14.9 1.5 1.35 - 1.65


EI 26.7 24 - 29.5 0.8 0.72 - 0.88
LTI 120 108 - 132 13.3 12 - 14.6
IEEE/ANSI curves
IEEE/ANSI 2 x I threshold 10 x I threshold
STI 0.25 0.22 - 0.28 0.08 0.07- 0.09
MI 3.8 3.4 - 4.2 1.2 1.08 - 1.32
I 2.2 1.9 - 2.4 0.3 0.27 - 0.33
VI 7.2 6.5 - 8 0.7 0.63 - 0.77
EI 9.5 8.5 - 10.5 0.4 0.36 - 0.44
Checks:
• Ie> Alarm message on the LCD display (if configured)

• Ie> threshold LED on (if configured)
• Ie> threshold output closes (if configured)
5.11.3 FREQUENCY PARAMETERS

CONFIGURATION
General Options
3Vpp+Vr
Transfo. Ratio
Line VT primary 0.100 kV
Line VT Sec 100.0 V
E/Gnd VT primary 0.100 kV
E/Gnd VT Sec 100.0 V
Protection Menu G1
- [81] f1? MIN
- f1 VALUE 49Hz
- tf1 1s
- [81] f2? MAX
- f2 VALUE 51 Hz
- tf2 1s
- df/dt1? ON
- df/dt1 VALUE +0.5 Hz/s
- t df/dt1 1s
- df/dt1 Id 1A
- df/dt2? ON

CONFIGURATION
- df/dt2 VALUE -0.5 Hz/s
- t df/dt2 1s
- df/dt2 Id 1A
Automation Menu
TRIP f1 YES
TRIP f2 YES
TRIP df/dt1 YES
TRIP df/dt2 YES
5.11.3.1 OVER- AND UNDERFREQUENCY TEST

Values to be measured:
1 stages (f1) and (f2)
2 time-delay (tf1) and (tf2)
Stage (f1) check:
1 Gradually increase the frequency from the nominal frequency fn to the value of the stage (f1): tripping
should occur for a frequency in the range
[(f1) – 10 mHz, (f1) + 10 mHz].
2 Adjust the frequency to [(f1) – 50 mHz] and check that tripping does not occur. Increase the frequency
to 1.2 x (f1) and check that tripping occurs.
3 Gradually reduce the frequency and measure the value of the drop-off stage (f1): the function must
reset for a frequency less than or equal to [(f1) – 50 mHz].
Stage (f2) check:
1 Gradually decrease the frequency from the nominal frequency fn to the value of the stage (f2): tripping
should occur for a frequency in the range [(f2) – 10 mHz, (f2) + 10 mHz].
2 Adjust the frequency to [(f2) + 50 mHz] and check that tripping does not occur. Increase the frequency
to 0.8 x (f2) and check that tripping occurs.
3 Gradually increase the frequency and measure the value of the drop-off stage (f2): the function must
reset for a frequency less than or equal to [(f2) + 50 mHz].
Checks:
• f1 & f2 Alarm messages on the LCD display (if configured).

• f1 & f2 thresholds LED on (if configured).
• f1 & f2 threshold outputs close (if configured).
5.11.3.2 RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY TEST
Values to be measured:
• Stages (df/dt1) and (df/dt2)

• Time delay (t df/dt1) and (t df/dt2)

Stage (df/dt1) check:

Gradually increase the frequency from the nominal frequency from 50 Hz to 51 Hz with a variation of 1 mHz
every 1 ms and check for the tripping and information.
Stage (df/dt2) check:
Gradually decrease the frequency from the nominal frequency from 50 Hz to 49 Hz with a variation of 1 mHz
every 1 ms and check for the tripping and information.
Checks:
• df/dt1 & df/dt2 Alarm messages on the LCD display (if configured).
• df/dt1 & df/dt2 thresholds LED on (if configured).
• df/dt1 & df/dt2 threshold outputs close (if configured).
5.12 FINAL CHECKS

1 Remove all test or temporary shorting leads, etc… If it is necessary to disconnect any of the external
wiring from the relay in order to perform the wiring verification tests, it should be ensured that all
connections are replace in accordance with the relevant external connection or scheme diagram.
2 If a test block is installed, remove the test plug and replace the cover so that the C26x can be
commissioned.
3 Ensure that all event, fault and disturbance records, alarm and LEDs have been reset before leaving
the C26x.
4 If the units are in a new installation or if the circuit-breaker has been just maintained, the circuit-
breaker maintenance and current counters should be at zero. These counters need to be reset.


MAINTENANCE
C26X/EN MF/C57
DS Agile C26x Maintenance
Contents
2 STANDARD MAINTENANCE OPERATION 4

2.1 Level 1 diagnosis facilities 4
2.1.1 Front panel LED indications 4
2.1.2 Front panel LCD indications 6
2.1.3 Adjustment of the brightness of the front panel LCD 6
2.2 Maintenance period 6
2.3 Method of repair 6
2.3.1 Replacing the complete DS Agile C26x 7
2.3.2 Replacing a board 9
2.4 Cleaning 13
3 EMBEDDED MAINTENANCE WEB SERVER 14

3.1 Maintenance Data pages 16
3.1.1 C26x general information page 16
3.1.2 Databases general information page 17
3.1.3 Racks and boards status page 18
3.1.4 IED networks page 19
3.1.5 CPU time and synchronisation page 19
3.2 Process Data pages 21
3.2.1 Binary inputs page 21
3.2.2 Measurements page 22
3.2.3 Counters page 23
3.2.4 TPI page 24
3.3 Files upload pages 25
3.3.1 Systrap error file upload page 25
3.3.2 Stored event log file upload page 27
4 MAINTENANCE OPERATION 29
4.1 Requirements 29
4.2 Installation and general use 29
4.3 How to determine the BOOTROM version 30
4.4 How to Restore the C26x Boot Parameters 31
C26x/EN MF/C57a MF-1

Maintenance DS Agile C26x
MF-2 C26x/EN MF/C57a


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the Maintenance and Fault
Finding procedures of the DS Agile C26x. Reading chapter C26x/EN SA is mandatory.

2 STANDARD MAINTENANCE OPERATION

The aim of this chapter is to describe standard methods to diagnose the DS Agile C26x status, and provide
common maintenance procedures for the replacement and/or addition of components.
Before any maintenance operation, please refer to the chapter C26x/EN SA (Safety) and to the Alstom
Safety Guide: SFTY/4L M/C11 (or later issue).
2.1 LEVEL 1 DIAGNOSIS FACILITIES

When maintenance action is planned, the operator should prepare, act and report.
The minimal preparation is to get the commissioning Record Sheet (see the chapter C26x/EN RS) of
installed DS Agile C26x in order to see the product configuration and its history. Refer to your own
experience besides this manual. It is also recommended to extract the logbook history in order to be
informed of the intervention conditions.
At a first level the product provides several methods to check the context of the fault. The main ones are:
• LEDs
• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
2.1.1 FRONT PANEL LED INDICATIONS

Refer to chapter C26x/EN HI for the precise LED’s description.
On the main rack:
The first 5 LEDs indicate the DS Agile C26x status information. With reference to the chapter C26x/EN HI
(Human Interface), the LEDs indicate from top to down:
There is at least one There is at least one minor
1 Red major fault (hardware, fault (I/O board, Not used No fault
database) (1) communication to IEDs)(2)

All the alarms are ac- There is at least 1
All alarms displayed in the
knowledged, but there is not acknowledged
2 Yellow alarm panel are inactive and No alarm
at least one alarm still alarm displayed in
acknowledged
active (3) the alarm panel
3 Amber C26x in operation C26x in maintenance C26x in test C26x in reboot
4 Green Power on Not used Not used Power off
All bays managed by the Bays managed by the C26x All bays managed by
5 (4) Red C26x are in LOCAL are not in the same control Not used the C26x are in
mode mode REMOTE
6 Red Global fault (5) Not used Not used No fault at all
(1) Major fault: DS Agile C26x not available due to internal failure (database error, CPU board failure, …).
(2) A minor fault is a fault causing only the non availability of a part of the functionality.
(3) When the alarm disappears, the LED returns automatically to OFF.
(4) Assigned by the C26x only without an LCD panel: GHU2x1 or for an extension C26x
(5) It may be a board fault, an IED fault, a power off, a watchdog issue (DO#0 of BIU board), an IED or
extension disconnected
A minor fault is a fault causing only the non-availability of a part of the functionality:
Symptom LED status Possible reason Way to solve
Functions as commu-
The cable between Verify the connection between CPU or
nication, automation,
CPU and GHU2xx, or GHU2xx. If connection is OK and the
printing are well ope-rating All LEDs are OFF
GHU2xx itself is not problem is not already solved then change
& the watchdog on BIU is
operational the GHU2xx board.
SET
The supply is ON and the LED6 is ON (but LED7
Problem with BIU board
watch dog on BIU is thru 13 are OFF if Replace BIU board or CPU board.
or CPU board
RESET. predefined)
The C26x is not running or
LED1 ON Incoherent database Download a coherent database
not fully operational
At least one prede-fined
Go in Fault display and Board display to
LED among LED7 thru Hardware fault
determine the faulty board and change it.
13 is ON
Go into IED display to determine the
disconnected IED and verify the cable, the
The C26x is not fully An IED is disconnected BIU configuration, the communication
LED1 is blinking
operational (LED 6 and/or 12 ON) parameters inside the DS Agile
configurator, the communication
parameters inside the relay.
Go into Fault display and verify that paper
The printer is
is available, the printer is switch ON, the
disconnected
printer cable
Go into Fault display & verify that the
A problem with clock external clock is switch ON, the external
synchronisation clock is connected to the antenna, the
external clock is connected to the C26x.
Go into Fault display & connect the
A problem with PLC
ISaGRAF work bench to the C26x. Verify
(ISaGRAF)
the behaviour of the PLC.

Note:
After a reboot using the CMT, the PSL might do not work. Use the serial link instead and type ‘reboot’ in Hyperterminal.
2.1.2 FRONT PANEL LCD INDICATIONS

GHU200 or GHU210 board gives access to the status of the boards, the state of digital inputs, the state of
digital outputs, the connection state with external devices. The CM chapter describes this.
2.1.3 ADJUSTMENT OF THE BRIGHTNESS OF THE FRONT PANEL LCD
When the keys and are pressed simultaneously it is possible to decrease (resp. increase) the
brightness of the front panel LCD by pressing key (resp. ).
2.2 MAINTENANCE PERIOD

It is recommended that Alstom products receive periodic monitoring after their installation. Deterioration may
occur over time. Because of the electrical and disturbed environment, it is recommended to confirm at
regular intervals that the DS Agile C26x is operating correctly.
The DS Agile C26x has been designed for a life cycle of over 15 years.
The DS Agile C26x is self-supervising and therefore requires less maintenance than previous products. Most
problems will lead to an alarm so fast and appropriate action can be done. However, carry out periodic tests
to ensure the DS Agile C26x is operating correctly and that the external wiring in a good condition.
If a Preventative Maintenance Policy exists within the customer’s organisation then the recommended
product checks should be included in the regular programme. Maintenance periods will depend on many
factors, such as:
• the operating environment

• the accessibility of the site
• the amount of available manpower
• the importance of the installation in the power system
• the consequences of failure
2.3 METHOD OF REPAIR

If the DS Agile C26x should develop a fault whilst in service, depending on the nature of the fault, the
watchdog contacts will change state and an alarm condition will be flagged. Due to the extensive use of
surface-mount components (SMC) faulty boards should be replaced, as it is not possible to perform repairs
on damaged circuits with SMC technology. Thus either the complete DS Agile C26x or just the faulty board,
identified by the built-in diagnostic software, can be replaced.
The preferred method is to replace the complete DS Agile C26x as it ensures that the internal circuitry is
protected against electrostatic discharge and physical damage at all times and overcomes the risk of
incoherency with the new boards. In some cases, it may be difficult to remove an installed DS Agile C26x
due to limited access in the back of the cubicle and rigidity of the scheme wiring then only the faulty
elements will be replaced.
Replacing boards can reduce transport costs but requires clean, dry on site conditions and higher skills from
the person performing the repair. If an unauthorized service centre performs the repair, the warranty will be
invalidated.

Before carrying out any work on the device,

the user should be familiar with the contents of the safety and technical data chapters
(Alstom Safety Guide: SFTY/4L M/C11 or later issue) and the ratings on the equipment's
rating label.
This should avoid incorrect handling of the electronic components and damage.
2.3.1 REPLACING THE COMPLETE DS AGILE C26X

The case and rear terminal blocks have been designed to facilitate removal of the complete DS Agile C26x.
Before working at the rear of the DS Agile C26x, isolate all the voltages and currents connected to the DS
Agile C26x.
Note:
The DS Agile C26xs have current transformer shorting switches which close when terminal block is removed.
2.3.1.1 REPLACING THE COMPLETE DS AGILE C26X
Before any disconnection, check the labels correctly define the connectors and match with the wishing description you
have. Otherwise, note the current wiring in order to prepare the new C26x installation.
1 Disconnect the power supply connector

2 Disconect the DS Agile C26x IRIG-B, fibre optic, Ethernet RJ45 and serial links connected on CPU
board.
3 Disconnect the input/output connectors
4 Disconnect earth connection
There are two types of terminal block used on the DS Agile C26x:

1 2 1
3 4 Connector
CT/VT fixation screw
Earthing
connection 5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
13 14
15 16
17 18
19 20
21 22
23 24
Connector
fixation screw
25 26
27 28
24
C0112ENa
Figure 1: Location of securing screws for terminal blocks
Note: The use of a magnetic bladed screwdriver is recommended to minimise the risk of the screws being left in the
terminal block or lost. A 3 mm flat head screwdriver is recommended for fixation screws. A 6 mm flat head screwdriver
is recommended for CT/VT earthing connections.
Without exerting excessive force or damaging the scheme wiring, pull the terminal blocks away from their
internal connectors.
Remove the screws used to fasten the DS Agile C26x to the panel, rack, etc. These are the screws with the
larger diameter cross heads that are accessible when the access covers are fitted and open.
If the top and bottom access covers have been removed, do not remove the screws with
the smaller diameter heads which are accessible.
These screws hold the front panel on the DS Agile C26x.
Withdraw the DS Agile C26x from the panel or rack carefully and take care of its weight because there are
some heavy parts due to the internal transformers.
2.3.1.2 INSTALLATION OF A NEW C26X

To reinstall the repaired or new DS Agile C26x, follow the above previous in reverse. Ensure that each
terminal block is relocated in the correct position and the case correctly earthed, IRIG-B and fibre optic
connections are put back in place.
Once reinstallation is complete the DS Agile C26x should be commissioned again using the instructions in
the chapter C26x/EN CM.

2.3.2 REPLACING A BOARD

To replace any of the DS Agile C26x unit’s boards it is necessary to remove the front panel.
Before removing the front panel the auxiliary supply must be switched off. It is also strongly recommended
that the voltage and current transformer connections and trip circuit are isolated.
Open the top and bottom access covers. With size 80TE cases the access covers have two hinge-
assistance T-pieces which clear the front panel molding when the access covers are opened by more than
120°, thus allowing their removal.
If fitted, remove the transparent secondary front cover. A description of how to do this is given in Chapter
C26x/EN IT (Introduction).
By applying outward pressure to the middle of the access covers, they can be bowed sufficiently so as to
disengage the hinge lug allowing the access cover to be removed. The screws that fasten the front panel to
the case are now accessible.
The size 40TE case has four cross head screws fastening the front panel to the case, one in each corner, in
recessed holes. The size 80TE case has an additional two screws, one midway along each of the top and
bottom edges of the front plate. Undo and remove the screws.
Do not remove the screws with the larger diameter heads which are accessible when the
access covers are fitted and open.
These screws hold the DS Agile C26x in its mounting (panel or cubicle).
When the screws have been removed, the complete front panel can be pulled forward and separated from
the metal case.
Caution should be observed at this stage because a cable connects the front panel to the
rest of the DS Agile C26x circuitry.
Additionally, from here on, the internal circuitry of the DS Agile C26x is exposed and not protected against
electrostatic discharges, dust ingress, etc. Therefore ESD precautions and clean working conditions should
be maintained at all times.

Figure 2: 40TE case with TMU2xx board
Figure 3: 40TE case without TMU2xx board

Figure 4: 80TE case with TMU2xx board
Figure 5: 80TE case without TMU2xx board
The boards within the DS Agile C26x are now accessible. Figures above show the board locations for the DS
Agile C26x units in sizes 40TE and 80TE (C26x) cases.
Looking to the front of the DS Agile C26x with the front panel off, you can have access to a printed circuit
that connects all the boards together: this is the backplane board.
To remove a board you need to:

• Pull the backplane board (FBP280 for 80TE case or FBP242 for 40TE case) out by holding it by the
two extremities.
• Remove the screws and the maintain bar at the bottom of the case.
Note:
To ensure compatibility, always replace a faulty board with one of an identical part number and set jumpers in identical
position.
All the boards are shown and described in the chapter C26x/EN HW.
2.3.2.1 REPLACEMENT OF THE BASIC INTERFACE UNIT (BIU241 OR BIU261)

The BIU is the power supply board located on the extreme left-hand side (slot A) of DS Agile C26x.
Pull the power supply module forward, away from the rear terminal blocks and out of the case. A reasonable
amount of force will be required to achieve this due to the friction between the contacts of the two medium
duty terminal blocks. It is then recommended to use the special tool for extracting board (internal reference is
2070860).
Do not forget to set the jumpers on the new board in the same position as the previous one. If a BIU241
board is being replaced with a BIU261 board or module, refer to chapter Hardware for jumper positions.
Note:
For a 2-board BIU261 module, it will be necessary to remove the back-up power supply daughter board. It is held in
place by 4 spacers attached to the boards using 2 x 4 pan head, 6 mm M3 screws and associated washers (standard
washers on the outside of the module and tooth shakeproof washers inside). Unfasten the 4 screws on the daughter
board and pull it slowly. After checking/setting the jumpers, carefully put the daughter board and washers back into
place, insert the screws and fasten them.
2.3.2.2 REPLACEMENT OF THE MAIN PROCESSOR BOARD (CPU270)

Depending on the model of the DS Agile C26x the processor board carried out the IRIG-B functionality’s so if
you identify an IRIG-B connection problem you will have to replace the processor board.
After replacement of the main processor board, all the settings required for the application must be re-
loaded, i.e.
1 the firmware must be updated,
2 the configuration database must be uploaded,
3 the S1 setting file must be uploaded.
The CPU board is located next to the BIU board (slot B).
Do not forget to disconnect the rear cables (RJ45 Ethernet, optical fibers, IRIG-B connector and serial links)
before replacing the board and to reconnect them after.
Do not forget to set the jumpers on the new board in the same position as the previous one.
2.3.2.3 REPLACEMENT OF THE ETHERNET SWITCH BOARDS (SWU20X, SWR2XX, SWD2XX OR

SRP28X)
The Ethernet switch board is located on slot C or D.
Do not forget to disconnect the rear cables (RJ45 Ethernet and optical fibres) before replacing the board and
to reconnect them after.

2.3.2.4 REPLACEMENT OF THE I/O BOARDS (DIU200, DIU210, DIU211, CCU200, CCU211,
AOU200, DOU200, DOU201, AIU201, AIU210, AIU211)
The I/O boards can be located in any slot from C to Q.
WARNING:
A SKEWED AOU200 BOARD COULD LEAD A CAPACITOR (C27) TO TOUCH AN IRON
CORNER. BOARDS MUST THEREFORE BE HANDLED CAREFULLY.
2.3.2.5 REPLACEMENT OF THE TRANSDUCERLESS MEASUREMENTS UNIT (TMU)

The measurement unit is on the extreme right-hand side of DS Agile C26x.
2.3.2.6 RE-ASSEMBLE THE DS AGILE C26X

Before re-assembling the module with a replacement board, make sure that the address for the replacement
board is the same address that the board replaced by checking the jumpers on the boards.
Insert the FBP board back into the rack.
Screw the bar to the bottom of the case.
Replace the front panel. After refitting and closing the access covers, press at the location of the hinge-
assistance T-pieces so that they click back into the front panel moulding.
Once the device has been reassembled after repair, it must be commissioned again (see chapter C26x/EN
CM).
2.4 CLEANING
Before cleaning the DS Agile C26x ensure that all AC/DC supplies, current transformer and voltage
transformer connections are isolated to prevent any risk of electric shock whilst cleaning.
Front panel cleaning: use a smooth cloth. Do not use abrasive material or detergent chemicals.

3 EMBEDDED MAINTENANCE WEB SERVER

The Maintenance Web server is only embedded in a CPU270 (aka CPU3) board.
This server can be accessed via an IP network with a standard web browser (Internet Explorer 5.0 minimum
or Mozilla Firefox 1.5 minimum).
URL used to access the web server: http://<ip_address>/fs/index.htm. The operator has to know the IP
address of the C26x web server to establish the link.
Two levels of access right are defined and serve as user names and passwords:
User name Password Access rights
level1 level1 Maintenance data and Process data
level2 level2 Maintenance data, Process data and Files Upload
When the operator browses to the webserver the following dialog box is displayed (click Work offline if a
window prompts it):
Figure 6: Login dialog box
Enter correct name and password; this shows the home page.
Select the language (English / French / German / Spanish).
Tap into the vertical mapper.

Figure 7: Webserver home page

3.1 MAINTENANCE DATA PAGES
3.1.1 C26X GENERAL INFORMATION PAGE

This page gives the following information:
• controller identification (name, serial number, IP addresses for port 1 and 2)

• information about software (version, date, database compatibility)
• controller operating mode (OPERATIONAL / MAINTENANCE / TEST)
• controller redundancy mode (ACTIVE / STANDBY / NO REDUNDANCY)
Figure 8: C26x general information page

3.1.2 DATABASES GENERAL INFORMATION PAGE

For both databases this tab gives the following information:
• Name: <C26x Network name>.bin

• Version
• Status (STANDBY / CURRENT)
Figure 9: database general information

3.1.3 RACKS AND BOARDS STATUS PAGE

• components of the controller

• status of each board (configured and present / configured and absent / present and not configured /
faulty)
• status (valid ON / valid OFF) of the binary inputs of boards BIU2xx, DIU2x0, DIU211, CCU200,
CCU211 (if configured and present)
• status (valid OPEN / valid CLOSE) of the binary outputs of boards BIU2xx, DOU200, DOU201,
CCU200, CCU211 (if configured and present)
Figure 10: racks and boards status page

3.1.4 IED NETWORKS PAGE

• list of the configured IEDs

• protocol type and port for each legacy bus
• status (connected / not connected) of each IED
Figure 11: IED networks page
3.1.5 CPU TIME AND SYNCHRONISATION PAGE

• CPU information
controller date and time
total functioning time
Temperature
Voltage
year number stored in SRAM
• IRIG-B information
status (present / not present)
validity
signal level
• Synchronisation information
UTC date
local date
time zone

synchronism status (synchronous / not synchronous)

synchronism equipment active (Operator / IRIG-B / RCP / Sbus)
synchronism equipment present ( Present / Not present)
synchronism equipment priority (0 thru 3)
System master clock (Yes / No)
Figure 12: CPU time and synchronization page

3.2 PROCESS DATA PAGES

When the user requests the display of one these pages, the C26x acquires all of the related information
(binary inputs, measurement, counters, TPI) and uploads it.
Two headers (C26x software information and Database information) allow to retain operating conditions in
records (printout or text file). The data are displayed in a tabular way.
3.2.1 BINARY INPUTS PAGE

Syntax: <year/month/day><time><object></object><input label><position or quality>
Figure 13: binary inputs page

3.2.2 MEASUREMENTS PAGE

Syntax: <year/month/day><time><object></object><input label><value or Unknown>
Figure 14: Measurements page

3.2.3 COUNTERS PAGE
Figure 15: Counters page

3.2.4 TPI PAGE
Figure 16: TPI page

3.3 FILES UPLOAD PAGES

These pages enable the operator to upload two types of files.
3.3.1 SYSTRAP ERROR FILE UPLOAD PAGE

A systrap is a system change-of-state message; any error generates an error log file:
Last Systrap: <Day name><Month name><Day number><Time in s><Year as YYYY>
Last Systrap File Name: ST<rank number>.TXT
Figure 17: Systrap error file upload page

Figure 18: Systrap error file

3.3.2 STORED EVENT LOG FILE UPLOAD PAGE
Figure 19: Stored event log file upload page

Figure 20: a stored event log file
The time-tagged events are stored in a circular FIFO queue of the Flash memory. The oldest events are
replaced by the newest ones when the queue is full (capacity is 2000 events).
Syntax: <YY/MM/DD><time in ms><object></object><datapoint label><state>
For more details refer to the chapter C26x/EN FT.

4 MAINTENANCE OPERATION
The CMT software is able to:
• Upgrade the C26x software

• Download and switch the databases
• Download the software key
These functions are needed for customizing the C26x.
For details on the CMT, refer to the chapter C26x/EN IN.
An Expert Maintenance involves the use of a terminal. It is detailed here.
4.1 REQUIREMENTS
A Personal Computer is needed. The PC hardware requirement is:
• COM port in RS232C (setting)

• 100 MB of free space on hard disk
The needed software is: Serial COM terminal (TeraTerm, HyperTerminal…).
• The Serial COM terminal is configured for serial communication with:

TTY mode
19200 Baud/s
8 bits no parity
Select into PC application the PORT 1 or 2 that is physically wired to the DS Agile C26x.
The serial link between PC PORT and DS Agile C26x Maintenance port is made via RS232C with straight-
through cable.
4.2 INSTALLATION AND GENERAL USE

Connect the RS cable between the DS Agile C26x front panel and the PC, and run the software (path for
Hyperterminal: start>Program>Accessories>Communications). If the parameters and wiring are correct, the
connection is established.
Restart the C26x with a power reset and stop the first count down with any key. The following prompt is
displayed: [VxWorks Boot]:
Each parameter is displayed one by one with each CR. If a mistake is made, press CR several times, then
restart the operation again.
The stored value is displayed. If nothing is entered, pressing CR will keep the stored parameter.
The . key allows the replacement of the stored value by nothing.

Example of console listing (start-up):
4.3 HOW TO DETERMINE THE BOOTROM VERSION

The version is displayed after BSP version (B0.21C in the preceding screen).
For BOOTROM versions lower than B015: at the prompt, type: [VxWorks Boot]: v
For BOOTROM versions upper or equal to B015: just read the first lines

4.4 HOW TO RESTORE THE C26X BOOT PARAMETERS

Restoring the C26x boot parameters could be useful after a wrong maintenance action if boot parameters
have been suppressed.
Checking default settings: p command
At the prompt, type: [VxWorks Boot]:p
The following information should be displayed:
• “boot device : tffs=0,0
• “processor number :0
• “host name : <factory host PC name>
• “file name : /flash/bin/vxWorks
• “inet on ethernet : <factory C26x IP addres xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
• “inet on backplane :
• “host inet : <factory host IP adresse xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
• “gateway inet : 0.0.0.0
• “user : <user name>
• “ftp password : <password>
• “flags : 0x0
• “target name : <factory target name>
• “startup script :
• “other : motfec
[VxWorks Boot]:
Settings to enter
The settings to enter are:
• factory host PC name: your maintenance laptop network name

• factory host IP address: your maintenance laptop IP@
• factory target name: should be the controller name defined by SCE for its database
• factory C26x IP address: should be the controller IP address defined by SCE for its database
• user name and ftp: password: FTP user name, defined for the FTP server - it is good practice to keep
factory setting and to define on the PC user C264_cpu3 according to your CPU type with the
password vxWorks
Do not modify other parameters.
Input new settings: c command
Configure with the c command the communication settings of the DS Agile C26x.
Enter the Configuration Command: [VxWorks Boot]: c
Wait till the display of [VxWorks Boot]:
Enter the Default settings Command: [VxWorks Boot]: p

The following information should be displayed:
• “boot device : tffs=0,0
• “processor number :0
• “host name : <Enter host PC name>
• “file name : /flash/bin/vxWorks
• “inet on ethernet : <Enter C26x IP address: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
• “inet on backplane :
• “host inet : <Entrer host IP address: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx>
• “gateway inet : 0.0.0.0
• “user : <user name>
• “ftp password : <password>
• “flags : 0x0
• “target name : <target name>
• “startup script :
• “other : motfec
[VxWorks Boot]:
Now restart the controller with the new parameters, either with a power reset, or by typing:
[VxWorks Boot]: @
After the reboot the C26x is ready for receiving the application software. Refer to the chapter C26x/EN IN to
go ahead.

RECORD SHEET
C26X/EN RS/C57
DS Agile C26x Record Sheet
Contents
2 COMMISSIONING RECORD 4
3 MAINTENANCE RECORD SHEET 5
C26x/EN RS/C57 RS-1

Record Sheet DS Agile C26x
RS-2 C26x/EN RS/C57


This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation. It describes the Commissioning record
sheet and the Maintenance Record of this unit.
The purpose of this chapter is to follow the history of the DS Agile C26x hardware replacement.
C26x/EN RS/C57 RS-3

2 COMMISSIONING RECORD
Commissioning Date:
Engineer:
Station Name:
Circuit Name:
Front Plate Information
Under the top access cover, there is the following type of label:
Cortec number
C264M11I2B00012530000111S1 Serial number
S.A 110 à 125 Vdc N˚ série 117268

Serial n˚
Nominal wetting
Voltage digital inputs 110 / 125 Vdc
Nominal wetting
Nominal Power voltage for digital
supply Input inputs
Voltage C0151ENa
Figure 1: Front plate information
Fill in the following array according to the label under the top access cover:
Serial number
Cortec number
Auxiliary voltage for power supply
Nominal wetting voltage for digital inputs
*Delete as appropriate
Have all relevant safety instructions been followed? Yes/No*
Product checks
Visual inspection with the unit de-energized
Relay damaged? Yes/No*
Rating information correct for installation? Yes/No*
Case earth installed? Yes/No*
RS-4 C26x/EN RS/C57

3 MAINTENANCE RECORD SHEET
Product Serial number
Slot letter in the Previous board New board

DATE Engineer Board type rack (between A
and Q) Serial number Serial number
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
/ /
C26x/EN RS/C57 RS-5

RS-6 C26x/EN RS/C57

TECHNICAL DATA
C26X/EN TD/C57A
DS Agile C26x Technical Data
Contents
2 GENERAL DATA 6
2.1 Design 6
2.2 Installation Position 6
2.3 Degree of Protection 6
2.4 Weight 6
2.5 Dimensions and Connections 6
2.6 DS Agile C26x: Configuration 6
2.6.1 C26x – Comparison of Board Installations Between Models 8
2.6.2 C26x-80TE – Board Installation 10
2.6.3 C26x-40TE – Board Installation 11
2.6.4 C26x-Standalone 80TE – Board Installation 12
2.6.5 C26x-Standalone 40TE – Board Installation 13
2.6.6 C26x-80TE – Signals 14
2.6.7 C26x-40TE – Signals 15
2.6.8 C26x-Standalone 80TE – Signals 16
2.6.9 C26x-Standalone 40TE – Signals 17
2.6.10 C26x: Element limits 18
2.6.11 C26x: C26x with two extension racks with IEDs 19
2.6.12 C26x: Two redundant C26x controllers with two extension racks with IEDs 22
2.7 Terminals 25
2.8 Creepage Distances and Clearances 26
3 RATINGS 27
3.1 Auxiliary Voltage 27
3.1.1 BIU241/BIU261 Digital Outputs 28
3.2 Circuit breaker Control Unit (CCU) Digital Inputs 28
3.2.1 CCU200 Digital Inputs 28
3.2.2 CCU211 Digital Inputs 29
3.3 Circuit breaker Control Unit (CCU) Digital Outputs 29
3.3.1 CCU200 Digital Outputs 29
3.3.2 CCU211 Digital Output 30
3.4 Digital Input Unit (DIU) Digital Inputs 31
3.4.1 DIU200 Digital Inputs 31
3.4.2 DIU210 Digital inputs 31
3.4.3 DIU211 Digital Inputs 31
3.5 Digital Output Unit (DOU) Digital Outputs 32
3.5.1 DOU200 Digital Output 32
3.5.2 DOU201 Digital Output 32
3.6 Analogue Input Unit (AIU) Analogue Inputs 33
3.6.1 AIU201 Analogue Input 33
3.6.2 AIU211 Analogue Input 34
3.6.3 Saturation values 34
3.7 Transducerless Measurement Unit (TMU) CT/VT Analogue Inputs 35
3.7.1 General 35
3.7.2 TMU200 / TMU220 – Current Transformers (CT) 35
C26x/EN TD/C57a TD-1

Technical Data DS Agile C26x
3.7.3 TMU200 / TMU220 – Voltage Transformers (VT) 35

3.7.4 TMU210 – Current Transformers (CT) 36
3.7.5 TMU210 – Voltage Transformers (VT) 37
3.7.6 TMU2xx - A/D Converter 37
3.8 Analogue Output Unit (AOU) 38
3.8.1 AOU200 Analogue Outputs 38
4 BURDENS 39
4.1 Auxiliary Voltage 39
4.2 Power Supply Board 39
4.3 CPU Board 39
4.4 Circuit breaker Control Units (CCU) Input Burdens 39
4.4.1 CCU200 Input Burden 39
4.4.2 CCU211 Input Burden 40
4.5 Digital Input Unit (DIU) Input Burden 40
4.5.1 DIU200 Input Burden 40
4.6 Digital Output Unit (DOU) Input Burden 42
4.7 Analogue Input Unit (AIU) Input Burden 42
4.8 Transducerless Measurement Unit (TMU) CT/VT Input Burden 43
4.9 Analogue Output Unit (AOU) Input Burden 43
4.10 Ethernet Switch Boards' Input Burden on the internal 5V bus 43
4.11 Process Bus Boards' Input Burden on the internal 5V bus 43
4.12 Front Panel Board Input Burden on the internal 5V bus 43
5 ACCURACY 44
5.1 Reference Conditions 44
5.2 Measurement Accuracy 44
5.2.1 Measurement Accuracy – TMU200 / TMU220 44
5.2.2 Measurement Accuracy – TMU210 45
5.3 How to Measure the Isolation Resistance 45
6 TYPE TESTS 46
6.1 Dielectric Strength Tests 46
6.1.1 AIU211 – Dielectric Strength Test 46
6.1.2 ECU200/ECU201 – Dielectric Strength Test 46
6.1.3 C26x unit – Dielectric Strength Test 46
6.2 Mechanical Test 46
6.3 Atmospheric Test 47
6.4 DC Auxiliary Supply Test 47
6.5 AC Auxiliary Supply Test 48
6.6 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Tests 48
7 PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 49
7.1 Directional/Non-directional Phase OC Protection (ANSI code 67/50/51) 49
7.2 Dir. /Non-dir. Neutral/Ground/Earth OC Protection (ANSI code 67N/50N/51N) 50
7.3 Dir. /Non-dir. Sensitive ground/Earth OC protection (ANSI code 67N/50N/51N) 51
7.4 Thermal overload protection (ANSI code 49) 53
TD-2 C26x/EN TD/C57a

7.5 Undercurrent protection (ANSI code 37) 53

7.6 Earth Wattmetric Protection (ANSI code 32N) 53
7.7 Negative sequence OC protection (ANSI code 46) 53
7.8 Undervoltage (ANSI code 27) 54
7.8.1 Threshold settings (secondary values) 54
7.8.2 Time delay settings 55
7.8.3 Definite time-delay characteristics 55
7.9 Overvoltage (ANSI code 59) 55
7.9.1 Threshold settings (secondary values) 55
7.9.2 Time delay settings 55
7.9.3 Definite time-delay characteristics 55
7.10 Residual overvoltage / neutral displacement (ANSI code 59N) 56
7.11 Under-/overfrequency (ANSI codes 81U/81O) 56
7.12 Rate of change of frequency (ANSI code 81R) 57
7.13 Ancillary functions 58
7.13.1 Circuit breaker failure (50BF) 58
7.13.2 Cold load pick-up 58
7.13.3 RSE (customer-specific function) 58
7.13.4 Trip management 58
8 PROTECTION CURVES 59
8.1 IDMT Curves 59
8.1.1 Mathematical formula 59
8.1.2 IEC Curves 62
8.1.3 RI Curves 69
8.1.4 IEEE/ANSI & CO Curves 70
8.2 Thermal overload curves 76
8.2.1 Mathematical formula 76
8.2.2 Tripping curve 77



This document is a chapter of the DS Agile C26x documentation, listing its technical characteristics.

2 GENERAL DATA
2.1 DESIGN
In conformance with the standard IEC 60255-27:2006 and compliant with the European Commission Low
Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC.
Surface-mounted case suitable for wall mounting or flush-mounted case for 19” cubicles and for control
panels.
2.2 INSTALLATION POSITION

Vertical ±15°
2.3 DEGREE OF PROTECTION

In conformance with DIN VDE 0470 and EN 60255-27:2006, or with IEC 60255-27:2005:
• Protection of equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects and water (Environmental)
Front panel with RJ11 connector ("blind"): no claim
Front panel without RJ11 connector (with LCD and/or LEDs): IP52
Sides for 40TE case: IP52
Sides for 80TE case: no claim
Rear: No claim
• Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts (Safety)

Front panel with RJ11 connector ("blind"): IP1X
Front panel without RJ11 connector (with LCD and/or LEDs): IP2X
Sides for both 40TE and 80TE cases: IP2X
Rear for both 40TE and 80TE cases: IP1X
2.4 WEIGHT
• 40TE case: approximately 4 kg
• 80TE case: approximately 8 kg
2.5 DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTIONS

Please refer to the dimensional drawings (C26x/EN HW, hardware description chapter) and to the terminal
connection diagrams (C26x/EN CO).
2.6 DS AGILE C26X: CONFIGURATION

The DS Agile C26x includes:
• A case
• A rack with slots for the boards
• A combination of the C26x's boards fitted in dedicated slots

There are many types of DS Agile C26x controllers. Each has a specific purpose and includes some
combination of boards to achieve that purpose:
• C26x in 80TE case

• C26x in compact 40TE case
• C26x-Standalone in 80TE case
• C26x-Standalone in compact 40TE case
• C26x-Multirack
• C26x-Multirack Redundancy
Note:
The C26x-Multirack includes a C26x controller and one or more extension racks. Each of these controllers, through its
inter-rack communication port, can connect to its own group of IEDs. This extension possibility through the inter-rack
communications port to multiple devices, allows for more racks with many more slots for additional boards, hence the
name, Multirack. The C26x-Multirack can function as a redundant C26x.

2.6.1 C26X – COMPARISON OF BOARD INSTALLATIONS BETWEEN MODELS
C26x- C26x-
C26x- C26x- Multi- Multirack
C26x C26x Stand- Stand- rack
Board Purpose Exten-
80TE 40TE alone alone
80TE 40TE Main sion
Rack Rack
BIU2xx Power supply board X X X X X X
2 Ethernet communication
CPU270 (CPU3) X X X X X X
channels
CCU200 Circuit breaker control unit X X X X X X
CCU211 Circuit breaker control unit X X X X X X
Digital and counter acquisition
Digital measurement acquisition
DIU200 X X X X X X
Datapoints: SPS DPS SCT DCT
DM
DIU210 X X X X X X
DM
DIU211 X X X X X X
DM
Execution of single or dual,
transient or permanent
DOU200 X X X X X X
conditions
Set datapoints
Execution of single or dual,
transient or permanent
DOU201 X X X X X X
conditions
Set datapoints
Analogue measurement
AIU201 X X X X X X
acquisition
Analogue measurement
AIU211 X X X X X X
acquisition
CT and VT sampling acquisition
TMU200 MV calculations with acquired X X X
samples
DSP200 for
X X X
TMU200
samples
DSPIO for TMU210 X X X
samples
DSP220 for
X X X
TMU220
AOU200 Analogue output board X X X X X X
SWU20x Networking X X X X X X
SWR2xx Networking X X X X X X

C26x- C26x-
C26x- C26x- Multi- Multirack
C26x C26x Stand- Stand- rack
Board Purpose Exten-
80TE 40TE alone alone
80TE 40TE Main sion
Rack Rack
SWD2xx Networking X X X X X X
SRP28x Networking X X X X X X
GHU2AB, Graphic panel board with LED GHU GHU GHU GHU GHU GHU
see note 1 channels 2A1 2A0 2A1 2A0 2AB 2AB
Note 1:
For GHU2 A B:
B for the size

B=B includes all possibilities: B=0 or
1
B=0 Small
B=1 Large
A for the LCD

A=A includes all possibilities: A=0, 1,
or 2
A=0 Has LCD
A=1 Has no LCD
A=2 Has remote LCD

2.6.2 C26X-80TE – BOARD INSTALLATION

Maximum Nr of Installed
Board Slots - Viewed from the rear of the case
Boards
Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A With TMU Without TMU
BIU2xx X 1 1
CPU270 (CPU3) X 1 1
CCU200, see note 1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 14 ≤ 15
CCU211, see note 1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 14 ≤ 15
DIU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 14 ≤ 15
DIU210 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X see note 2 see note 2
DIU211 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 14 ≤ 15
DOU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 14, see note 5 ≤ 15, see note 5
DOU201 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 14, see note 5 ≤ 15, see note 5
AIU201 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤6 ≤6
AIU211 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤6 ≤6
TMU200, see note 1 X 1 0
AOU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤4 ≤4
SWU20x X X see note 3 see note 3
SWR2xx X X see note 3 see note 3
SWD2xx X X see note 3 see note 3
SRP2xx X X see note 3 see note 3
GHU2A1, see note 4 1 1
Note 1: If you install a TMU, do not install the CCU in slot P and do not install the CCU in the slot
adjacent to the TMU.
Note 2: The maximum number of DIU210 boards installed in one C26x rack depends on the rack
type and on the voltage level of the inputs. Please refer to the topic, DIU210 Digital Inputs
Note 3: If the board is installed in Slot C; if the rack is full; and if you have no DSPIO installed; ≤ 1
If the board is installed in Slot D; if the rack is full; and if you have a DSPIO or others
installed: ≤ 1
Note 4: For an explanation of the GHU2AB codes, please refer to C26x – Comparison of Board
Installations Between Models
Note 5: If the application causes all of the DOs to be activated at the same time: ≤ 6
Note 6: The total number of DIU or DOU boards, both physically present and simulated by the
DPU board cannot exceed 15. Thus, if for instance the DPU simulates 4 DIU boards, the
number of DIU boards physically present in the BCU cannot exceed 11. The same
applies to DOU boards.

2.6.3 C26X-40TE – BOARD INSTALLATION

Board Slots - Viewed from the rear of the case Maximum Number of Installed Boards
H G F E D C B A With TMU Without TMU
BIU2xx X 1 1
CPU270 (CPU3) X 1 1
CCU200, see note 1 X X X X X X ≤3 ≤6
CCU211, see note 1 X X X X X X ≤3 ≤6
DIU200 X X X X X X ≤3 ≤6
DIU210 X X X X X X see note 2 see note 2
DIU211 X X X X X X ≤4 ≤6
DOU200 X X X X X X ≤4 ≤6
DOU201 X X X X X X ≤4 ≤6
AIU201 X X X X X X ≤4 ≤6
AIU211 X X X X X X ≤4 ≤6
TMU200, see note 1 X=1 1 0
AOU200 X X X X X X ≤4 ≤4
SWU20x X X see note 3 see note 3
SWR2xx X X see note 3 see note 3
SWD2xx X X see note 3 see note 3
SRP2xx X X see note 3 see note 3
GHU2A0, see note 4 1 1
Note 1: If you install a TMU, do not install the CCU in slot F and do not install the CCU in the slot
adjacent to the TMU.
Note 3: If you do not install a DSP/DSPIO: ≤ 2. If you do install a DSP/DSPIO: ≤ 1
Note 4: For an explanation of the GHU2xx codes, please refer to C26x – Comparison of Board
Note 5: The total number of DIU or DOU boards, both physically present and simulated by the
DPU board cannot exceed 6. Thus, if for instance the DPU board simulates 4 DIU
boards, the number of DIU boards physically present in the BCU cannot exceed 2. The
same applies to DOU boards.

2.6.4 C26X-STANDALONE 80TE – BOARD INSTALLATION

Maximum
Board Slots - Viewed from the rear of the case Number of
Installed Boards
Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A Without TMU
BIU2xx X 1
CPU270 (CPU3) X 1
CCU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 15
CCU211 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 15
DIU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 15
DIU210 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X see note 1
DIU211 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 15
DOU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 15, see note 3
DOU201 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤ 15, see note 3
AIU201 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤6
AIU211 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤6
TMU200
TMU210
TMU220
AOU200 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ≤4
SWU20x X X ≤1
SWR2xx X X ≤1
SWD2xx X X ≤1
SRP2xx X X ≤1
GHU2A1, see note 2 1
Note 3: If the application causes all of the DOs to go active at the same time: ≤ 6

2.6.5 C26X-STANDALONE 40TE – BOARD INSTALLATION

Board Slots - Viewed from the rear of the case Maximum Number of Installed Boards
H G F E D C B A Without TMU
BIU2xx X 1
CPU270 (CPU3) X 1
CCU200 X X X X X X ≤6
CCU211 X X X X X X ≤6
DIU200 X X X X X X ≤6
DIU210 X X X X X X see note 2
DIU211 X X X X X X ≤6
DOU200 X X X X X X ≤6
DOU201 X X X X X X ≤6
AIU201 X X X X X X ≤6
AIU211 X X X X X X ≤6
TMU200, see note 1 0
AOU200 X X X X X X ≤4
SWU20x X X ≤1
SWR2xx X X ≤1
SWD2xx X X ≤1
SRP2xx X X ≤1
GHU2A0, see note 3 1
Note 1: TMU is not installed in the C26x-Standalone RTU

Installations between Models

2.6.6 C26X-80TE – SIGNALS

Maximum Number of Boards: Maximum number of
Board Signals
configurable signals
AI AO DI DO CI VI With TMU Without TMU
BIU2xx 2 2
CPU270 (CPU3)
CCU200, see note 1 8 4 13: 104 DI + 52 DO 15: 120 DI + 60 DO
DIU200 16 14: 224 DI 15: 240 DI
DIU210 16 see note 2 see note 2
DIU211 16 14: 224 DI 15: 240 DI
DOU200 10 14: 140 DO 15: 150 DO
DOU201 10 14: 140 DO 15: 150 DO
AIU201 4 6: 24 AI 6: 24 AI
AIU211 8 6: 48 AI 6: 48 AI
TMU200, see note 1 8 4 4 1: 4 CI, 4 VI
TMU210, see note 1 8 4 4 1: 4 CI, 4 VI
TMU220, see note 1 9 4 5 1: 4 CI, 5 VI
AOU200 4 6: 24 AO 6: 24 AO
SWU20x
SWR2xx
SWD2xx
SRP2xx
GHU2A1, see note 5
Note 1: Do not install the CCU in the slot adjacent to the TMU.
Note 3: The digital inputs and outputs managed by the DPU board are located on remote boards
installed in a switchgear control unit.
Note 4: The current and voltage inputs managed by the SVU board are sampled measurements
received from remote merging units.

2.6.7 C26X-40TE – SIGNALS

Maximum Number of Boards: Maximum number
Board Signals
of configurable signals
AI AO DI DO CI VI With TMU Without TMU
BIU2xx 2 2
CPU270 (CPU3)
DIU200 16 4: 64 DI 6: 96 DI
DIU210 16 see note 2 see note 2
DIU211 16 4: 64 DI 6: 96 DI
DOU200 10 4: 40 DO 6: 60 DO
DOU201 10 4: 40 DO 6: 60 DO
AIU201 4 4: 16 AI 6: 24 AI
AIU211 8 4: 32 AI 6: 48 AI
TMU200, see note 1 8 4 4 1: 4 CI, 4 VI
TMU210, see note 1 8 4 4 1: 4 CI, 4 VI
TMU220, see note 1 9 4 5 1: 4 CI, 5 VI
AOU200 4 4: 16 AO 6: 24 AO
SWU20x
SWR2xx
SWD2xx
SRP2xx
GHU2A0, see note 5
Note 3: The digital inputs and outputs managed by the DPU board are located on remote boards
installed in a switchgear control unit.
Note 4: The current and voltage inputs managed by the SVU board are sampled measurements
received from remote merging units.

2.6.8 C26X-STANDALONE 80TE – SIGNALS

Maximum Number of Boards: Maximum
Board Signals
number of configurable signals
AI AO DI DO CI VI Without TMU
BIU2xx 2 2
CPU270 (CPU3)
CCU200 8 4 15: 120 DI + 60 DO
CCU211 8 4 15: 120 DI + 60 DO
DIU200 16 15: 240 DI
DIU210 16 see note 2
DIU211 16 15: 240 DI
DOU200 10 15: 150 DO
DOU201 10 15: 150 DO
AIU201 4 6: 24 AI
AIU211 8 6: 48 AI
TMU200, see note 1 Not installed
AOU200 4 6: 24AO
SWU20x
SWR2xx
SWD2xx
SRP2xx
GHU2A1, see note 3

2.6.9 C26X-STANDALONE 40TE – SIGNALS

Maximum Number of Boards: Maximum
Board Signals
number of configurable signals
AI AO DI DO CT VT Without TMU
BIU2xx 2 2
CPU270 (CPU3)
CCU200 8 4 6: 48 DI + 24 DO
CCU211 8 4 6: 48 DI + 24 DO
DIU200 16 6: 96 DI
DIU210 16 see note 2
DIU211 16 6: 96 DI
DOU200 10 6: 60 DO
DOU201 10 6: 60 DO
AIU201 4 6: 24 AI
AIU211 8 6: 48 AI
AOU200 4 6: 24 AO
SWU20x
SWR2xx
SWD2xx
SRP2xx
GHU2A0, see note 3

THE FULL PERFORMANCE OF C26x IS LESS THAN THE SUM OF THE PERFORMANCES
FOR EACH COMPONENT. FOR A DETAILED PERFORMANCE CHECK, PLEASE
CONTACT US
2.6.10 C26X: ELEMENT LIMITS

Element Limits for 1 of C26x with extensions
Number of IEC 61850-8-1 servers for a C26x client 32
Number of IEC 61850-8-1 clients for a C26x server 16 (two redundant OI servers at most)
Number of IEC 61850-8-1 clients for buffered reports 2 redundant OI servers & 2 redundant GTWs
GOOSE size (IEC 61850-8-1) 128 binary inputs, 64 measurements
Measurements / Wired MV 2400 / 48
Receiving flux of MV 200 values / sec
4
T104 server protocols
With as many as 4 clients, only 1 is active at one time
PSL:
Number of items see note 1 256
Number of elements see note 2 256
Numberof PSLs with timer or boolean settings 50
Number of timer or boolean settings 100
Printers at C26x level 1 (only on rear RS port)
Serial Communication port (for SCADA and/or legacy
4
protocols)
Serial/Ethernet: 2
SCADA protocols
Ethernet IEC104, T104: 4
Master legacy protocols (for IED communication) 4
IEDs allowed for each Legacy Bus 16 with a max of 32 per C26x
Voltage level 2 per C26x if ATCC used
Bays 128 (a maximum of 12 bays show on the local HMI)
Circuit breakers 128
Disconnectors 512
Transformers 128
Maximum managed datapoints 4 000
Digital Input Points / Wired DI / System DI 5600 / 240 / 100
Output Control Points / Wired DO 1 200 / 150
Tap Position Indication 128
Counters / Wired 128 / 8
Setpoints, digital 128

Element Limits for 1 of C26x with extensions

TPI 128
CO 256
SP 256
ISaGRAF CT 512
MPS 512
MV 512
SPS/DPS 512
Interlock 200 operands per equation, 200 equations
Report buffer capacity (BCU) 100 xPS events per C26x
Events buffer capacity (RTU) 1000 events per SCADA (T101/T104)
Time discrimination and tagging of events 1 ms
Input bandwidth 100 alarms/s and 100 events/s
Slow waveform file storage capacity 5000 records for 24 analogue values+ 48 logical status
480 cycles for 8 analogue values
Fast waveform (disturbance) file storage capacity + 128 logical statuses
32 samples/period
Note 1:
Item: for the interlock / PSL, an item is the output of an Interlock / PSL, or an intermediate variable used as an output
(such as for the TON/TOFF/SR latch operators). In an interlock equation, an interlock output is equal to one item. A
datapoint can be included in as many as 255 ILK equations.
Note 2:
Element: After the decomposition of the equation into the sum of multiplications, an element is the operand of an
operator.
2.6.11 C26X: C26X WITH TWO EXTENSION RACKS WITH IEDS

The C26x connects through Ethernet Port 1 to the SBUS and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol
The C26x connects through Ethernet Port 2 to the two extension racks
Each extension rack connects through the LBUS to the IEDs
The C26x includes a CPU270.
Caution:
The global performance of the C26x is not equivalent to the sum of the performances of
each component. For a detailed performance analysis, please contact Alstom Grid.

Global Limits for the C26x connected to the two extension racks and to the IEDs:
Element Maximum Number (NB) Limits
BI Total 2800 Including the system BI (approximately 500 )
DI IED 2800 minus wired DI, minus system BI
SP 128
TPI 128
MPS 308 + TBD reserved to the system info (state of HW)
Command 1200
CT Total:wired+IED Total maximum 128
16 CT at 20 Hz for each extension rack
Total frequency for the 16 counters is 160Hz
CT wired 8 CT at 20 Hz for the MAIN rack
128 CT for a full C26x
CT IED 128
AI TOTAL 600
Wired DI & AI limits of the hardware
AI IED 600
If you have 4 or more extension racks, make sure
Extension racks 16
that the MAIN rack has no I/O boards.
More than for a C26x with no extension rack. For
IED Total 128 the best performance, we recom-mend a maximum
of 10 IEDs for each link.
State / bay 2300 Including wired DI, IED DI, system BI & MPS
Analogue bay 221 Including wired AI, IED AI, TPI and counter
Command / bay 430 Including CO and SP
10 digital inputs per rack change state 12
Sending of BI times in 10 s
(16 * 10 * 12 = 1920 state changes / 10 s)
1 change of value of all measurements in 1
Sending of
second ( at same time than previous state Read cycle of wired AI = 1 second
measurement
changes)
Limits for the C26x MAIN Rack:

BI Total 2800 Including the system BI ( approximately 500 )
Wired DI limits of the hardware
DI IED
TBD
IEC 61850-8-1
SP 128
TPI 128
MPS 308 + TBD
Command 1200
CT Total 8 CT at 20 Hz
AI TOTAL 600
Wired AI limits of hardware
AI IED 600
If you have 4 or more extension racks, make sure that
Extension racks 16
the MAIN rack has no I/O boards.


DIU 15
DOU 15
CCU 15
AIU 6
CT/VT 1
AOU 4
serial lines 4
SCADA Serial/Ethernet: 2, IT104: 4
IED Total 0
State / bay 2300 Including wired DI, IED DI, system BI and MPS
GOOSE Tx 1 GOOSE xPS, 1 GOOSE MV 128 xPS / GOOSE 64 MV / GOOSE A.C.U.
GOOSE Rx 128 A.C.U. 128 xPS / GOOSE 64 MV / GOOSE A.C.U.
For example:
PSL 256 items see note 1
256 elements see note 2
128 TPI
256 CO
256 SP
ISaGRAF 512 CT
512 MPS
512 MV
512 SPS / DPS
Note 1: Item: For the interlock / PSL, an item is the output of an Interlock / PSL, or an intermediate variable used as an
output (such as for the TON/TOFF/SR latch operators). In an interlock equation, an interlock output is equal to one
item.
Note 2: Element: After the decomposition of the equation into the sum of multiplications, an element is the operand of
an operator.
Limits for the Extension Racks:

If you have 4 or more extension racks, make sure that the
General BLANK
MAIN rack has no I/O boards
DI IED 1000
SP 128
TPI 128
Command 1200
CT Total 128
CT wired 8 CT at 20 Hz for the MAIN rack Total frequency for the 16 counters is 160 Hz


CT IED 128
AI TOTAL 600
Wired AI limits of the hardware
AI IED 600
DIU 15
DOU 15
CCU 15
CT/VT 0
AIU 6
AOU 4
serial lines 4
SCADA 0
For the best performance, we recommend a maximum of
IED 64
10 IEDs for each link
2.6.12 C26X: TWO REDUNDANT C26X CONTROLLERS WITH TWO EXTENSION RACKS
WITH IEDS
Each C26x connects through the Ethernet Port 1 to the SBUS and uses the IEC 61850-8-1 protocol
Each C26x connects through Ethernet Port 2 to two extension racks
Each extension rack connects through the LBUS to the IEDs
The C26x includes a CPU270.
Caution:
The global performance of the C26x is not equivalent to the sum of the performances of
each component. For a detailed performance check, please contact Alstom Grid.
Global Limits for the two redundant C26xs connected to the two extension racks and to the IEDs:

BI Total 2800 Including the system BI (about 500 )
DI IED 2800 minus wired DI, minus system BI
SP 128
TPI 128
Reserved to the system information (state of
MPS 308 + TBD
hardware) + TBD
Command 1200
CT Total 128
16 CT at 20 Hz for each extension rack Total frequency for the 16 counters is 160 Hz
CT wired 8 CT at 20 Hz for the MAIN 1 rack
CT IED 128
AI TOTAL 600


AI IED 600
If you have 4 or more extension racks, make
Extension racks 2*16
sure MAIN rack has no I/O boards
More than for a C26x with no extension rack.For
IED Total 128 the best performance, we recom-mend a
maximum of 10 IEDs per link
State / bay 2300 Including wired DI, IED DI, system BI & MPS
Analogue bay 221 Including wired AI, IED AI, TPI & counter
10 digital inputs per rack change state 12
Sending of BI times in 10 seconds (16 * 10 * 12 = 1920
status changes in 10 s)
1 change of value of all measurements in 1
Sending of measurement second ( at same time than previous status Read cycle of wired AI = 1 second
changes)
Limits of the C26x MAIN 1 Rack:

BI Total 2800 Including the system BI (approximately 500 )
SP 128
TPI 128
MPS 308 + TBD
Command 1200
CT Total 8 CT at 20 Hz
AI TOTAL 600
Wired AI limits of the hardware No AI in the MAIN 1 rack
AI IED 600
Extension racks 16
DIU 15
DOU 15
CCU 15
AIU 6
CT/VT 1
AOU 0 Cause of redundancy
serial lines 4 2 SCADA with 2 links.
Serial/Ethernet: 2
SCADA
Ethernet IEC104, T104: 4
IED Total 0
State / bay 2300 Including wired DI, IED DI, system BI and MPS
GOOSE Tx 1 GOOSE xPS, 128 xPS / GOOSE
IEC 61850-8-1 1 GOOSE MV 64 MV / GOOSE A.C.U.


GOOSE Rx
128 A.C.U. 128 xPS / GOOSE 64 MV / GOOSE A.C.U.
IEC 61850-8-1
e.g. 256 items, see note 1
PSL
256 elements, see note 2
128 TPI
256 CO
256 SP
On a redundant system and after switchover, ISaGRAF
ISaGRAF 512 CT
does not operate on the MAIN 2 Rack
512 MPS
512 MV
512 SPS / DPS
Note 1:
Item: for the interlock / PSL, an item is the output of an Interlock / PSL, or an intermediate variable used as an output
(such as for the TON/TOFF/SR latch operators). In an interlock equation, an interlock output is equal to one item.
Note 2:
Element: After the decomposition of the equation into the sum of multiplications, an element is the operand of an
operator.
Limits for the extension racks:

General BLANK
DI IED 1000
SP 128
TPI 128
Command 1200
CT Total 128
CT wired 8 CT at 20 Hz for the MAIN rack Total frequency for the 16 counters is 160 Hz
CT IED 128
AI TOTAL 600
AI IED 600
DIU 15
DOU 15
CCU 15
CT/VT 0
AIU 6
AOU 0
serial lines 4
For the best performance, we recommend a maximum of
IED 64
10 IEDs for each link

2.7 TERMINALS
PC Maintenance Interface:
• DIN 41652 connector, type female D-Sub, 9-pin, installed on the front panel
• A direct wired cable is required.
Ethernet LAN (installed on the CPU270 board):
• Two of the RJ-45 female connector, 8-pin for the 10/100Base-T self-negotiation
IRIG-B interface (standard NF S 87-500, May 1987), installed on the CPU270 board:
• BNC plug
• Modulated amplitude, 1 kHz carrier signal
• Time-of-year code: BCD
• Compatible with IRIG B122 code
Conventional communication links:
• M3 threaded terminal ends, self-centring with wire protection for conductor cross sections from 0.2 to
2.5 mm² for BIU2xx board
• DIN 41652 connector; type D-Sub, 9-pin, installed on the CPU270 board.
• Optical fibres through ECU200 (external RS232/optical converter): optical plastic fibre connection in
agreement with IEC 874-2 or DIN 47258 or ST ® glass fibre optic connection (ST ® is a registered
trademark of AT&T Lightguide Cable Connectors).
Input /Output or power supply modules:
• M3 threaded terminal ends, self-centring with wire protection for conductor cross sections from 0.2 to
2.5 mm² for these boards:
• AIU201, AIU210, AIU211

• AOU200
• BIU241, BIU261
• CCU200, CCU211
• DIU200, DIU210, DIU211
• DOU200, DOU201
• DSP260, DSPIO
• The I/O and BIU2xx boards include a 24-pin, 5.08 mm pitch male-connector.
Current-measuring and Voltage-measuring inputs:
• M5 threaded terminal ends, self-centring with wire protection for conductor cross sections between 2.5
and 4 mm² for the TMU board.
• The TMU board includes this connector: MIDOS 28 terminal block.

2.8 CREEPAGE DISTANCES AND CLEARANCES

In accordance with IEC 60255-27:2005 and IEC 664-1:1992.
Pollution degree 2, working voltage 250 V.
Overvoltage category III, impulse test voltage 5 kV.

3 RATINGS
3.1 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE

Single-source power supply (BIU241)
The BIU241 single-source power supply board is available in four auxiliary voltage variants, as follows:
Board
Nominal ranges Operative DC range Operative AC range
variant
A01 24 VDC 19.2 to 28.8 VDC -
A02 48 to 60 VDC 38.4 to 72 VDC -
A03 110 to 125VDC 88 to 150 VDC -
A04 220 VDC and 230 VDC 176 to 264 VDC 176 to 264 VAC
The nominal frequency (fn) for the AC auxiliary voltage is dual rated at 50/60 Hz; the operating range is
45 Hz to 65 Hz.
The BIU241 board includes these attributes:
• Inrush current: 6.2 A at 125 VDC during the first 50 ms at startup

• Power supply: 40 W
• Nominal output voltage: + 5 V and 12 V
• Supply monitoring
• Permitted power outage: 50 ms
• Insulation resistance: >100 MΩ (CM) at 500 VDC
• Dielectric strength: 2 kV (CM) – 50 Hz for 1 minute
Universal, Single- or Dual-input power supply (BIU261)
Both power supply inputs on the BIU261 dual-input power supply module are available with two auxiliary
voltage ranges, as follows:
Nominal ranges Operative DC range Operative AC range
48 to 250 VDC 40 to 300 VDC -
110 to 250 VAC - 90 to 300 VAC
Note: The main and backup power supply inputs can use identical or different operating ranges.
The nominal frequency (fn) for the AC auxiliary voltage is dual rated at 50/60 Hz, the operating range is
44 Hz to 66 Hz.

The BIU261 board has the following characteristics:
• Inrush current: 10 A at 125 VDC during the first 50 ms at start-up

• Power supply: 60 W
• Nominal output voltage: + 5 V and +12 V
• Full load permitted power outage of both power supply inputs: 20 ms
• Insulation resistance: >100 MΩ (common mode) at 500 VDC
• Dielectric strength: 2 kV (common mode) – 50 Hz for 1 minute
Power supply source selection
A power supply source is considered available if its level is above 80% of the minimum value of the operative
range, i.e. 80% x 48 V = 38.4 V or 80% x 110 V = 88 V. A 5% hysteresis is added in order to avoid any
toggling in the availability status, i.e. the availability status will pick up at 80% VAUX MIN and drop off at 75% x
VAUX MIN.
If the main power supply input is lost while it is being used, the BIU261 switches to the backup power supply
input. It will switch back to the main power supply when the latter becomes available again and has been
stable for a few seconds.
If the backup power supply is lost while it is being used, the BIU261 instantly switches to the main power
supply. It will continue to use the main power supply source as long as it is available, even when the backup
power supply becomes available again.
3.1.1 BIU241/BIU261 DIGITAL OUTPUTS

On the BIU241 and BIU261 boards, the characteristics of the Watchdog Relay Contacts are the same as the
characteristics for the NO+NC contacts fitted on the DOU200 and DOU201 boards.
On the BIU241 and BIU261 boards, the characteristics of the two output relays used for C26x redundancy
are the same as for the single-pole output-relay fitted on the DOU200 and DOU201 boards.
3.2 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL UNIT (CCU) DIGITAL INPUTS
3.2.1 CCU200 DIGITAL INPUTS

For the CCU200 board, for the variants A01 to A04, the eight inputs have the same attributes as the inputs
for the DIU200 board.
The CCU200 board is available in five nominal voltage variants, as follows:
Board
Nominal voltage (+/-20%) Triggering threshold (VDC) Same for DIU200
variant
if V >10.1VDC Input status is set
A01 24VDC Yes
if V < 5VDC Input status is reset
if V >17.4VDC Input status is set
A02 48 to 60VDC Yes
if V < 13.5VDC Input status is reset
if V > 50VDC Input status is set
A03 110 to 125VDC Yes
if V< 34.4VDC Input status is reset
if V > 108VDC Input status is set
A04 220VDC Yes
if V< 63VDC Input status is reset
if V > 86VDC input status is set
A07 110 to 125VDC No
if V < 67VDC input status is reset

3.2.2 CCU211 DIGITAL INPUTS

There are six variants of the CCU211 board, as follows:
Board
Nominal voltage (+/-20%) Triggering threshold (VDC)
variant
if V >10 VDC Input status is set
A01 24 VDC
if V < 8 VDC Input status is reset
if V >17.4 VDC Input status is set
A02 48 to 60 VDC
if V < 12.5 VDC Input status is reset
if V > 50 VDC Input status is set
A03 110 to 125 VDC
if V< 29.9 VDC Input status is reset
A04 or 220 VDC or if V > 86 VDC Input status is set
A07 110 to 125 VDC (with 80% Threshold) if V< 67 VDC Input status is reset
if V > 176 VDC Input status is set
A08 220 VDC (with 80% Threshold)
if V < 132 VDC Input status is reset
3.3 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL UNIT (CCU) DIGITAL OUTPUTS
3.3.1 CCU200 DIGITAL OUTPUTS

Each relay of the CCU board has double pole contacts. To get the attributes described below, you must wire
the two output contacts of each relay in series.
In the table that follows, the Break attribute shows in two cases:
• You use each of the output contacts separately

• You wire the two output contacts of each relay in serial. In this event, you make the best use of the
Break function for each relay
On the CCU200 board, the details of the 4 Output Relay Contacts show in this table:
Description Values
Nominal operating voltage range 24 to 250 VDC / 230 VAC
Make 5A
5 A continuously
Carry
30 A for 500 ms or 250 A for 30 ms
DC: 50 W resistive, 30 W inductive (L/R = 40 ms)
AC: 1250 VA resistive, 1250 VA inductive (power factor = 0.7)
Break (Output contacts used separately)
In these conditions, the contact resistance is still lower than 250 mΩ for
10 000 operations
DC: 80 W resistive for current lower than 1 A,
100 W resistive for current upper than 1 A,
30 W inductive (L/R = 40 ms)
Break (Output contacts wired in serial)
10 000 operations
Operating time Break < 7 ms
Double pole contacts Normally open
Dielectric strength of the coil contacts: 5000 VRMS

Dielectric strength of adjacent contacts: 2500 VRMS
Isolation: 2 kV (CM) at 50 Hz for 1 minute
The board is designed and monitored to prevent any unwanted event.

3.3.2 CCU211 DIGITAL OUTPUT

For the CCU211 board, the Digital Output (DO) attributes include:
• 4 double-pole switch-relays with normally open (NO) contacts

• 1 common +ve and 1 common -ve contact for 2 relays
• A self-monitoring device for the output control chain: address check, state monitoring
• The +5V voltage is monitored to prevent issuing an unwanted signal
• You can configure the digital outputs only in the double remote signalling configuration
• Dielectric strength of the coil contacts: 5000 VRMS
• Dielectric strength of adjacent contacts: 2500 VRMS
• The board is designed and monitored to prevent issuing an unwanted signal
In the table that follows, the Break attribute shows in two cases:
• You use each of the output contacts separately

• You wire the two output contacts of each relay in serial. In this event, you make the best use of the
Break function for each relay
• For more details, please refer to the table that follows.

Description Values
Make 5A
5 A continuously
Carry
Break (output contact used separately)
10000 operations
DC: 80 W resistive for current lower than 1 A,
100 W resistive for current upper than 1 A,
30 W inductive (L/R = 40 ms)
Break (Output contacts wired in serial)
10000 operations
Operating time Break < 7 ms
Double pole contacts Normally open

3.4 DIGITAL INPUT UNIT (DIU) DIGITAL INPUTS
3.4.1 DIU200 DIGITAL INPUTS

The DIU200 board has 16 digital inputs and is available in four nominal voltage variants:
Board Triggering threshold Trigger Current at rated

Field voltage Max. power
variant Pick-up Drop-off current voltage
A01 24 VDC 10.1 VDC 5 VDC >0.17 mA 3 mA 0.12 W
5.22 mA (48 VDC)/
A02 48-60 VDC 17.9 VDC 13.5 VDC >0.17 mA 0.66 W
7 mA (60 VDC)
2.6 mA (110 VDC)/
A03 110-125 VDC 52.3 VDC 34.4 VDC >0.33 mA 0.62 W
3.5 mA (125 VDC)
A04 220 VDC 108 VDC 63 VDC >0.46 mA 2 mA 0.66 W

The DIU210 board operates for all voltages between 24VDC and 220VDC (+/- 20%).
The DIU210 board has 16 digital inputs.
For each voltage, the triggering threshold is 19VDC.
As a result of thermal dissipation, the maximum number of DIU210 boards installed in one C26x rack
depends on the rack type and on the voltage level of the inputs as shown in the table that follows:
Maximum number of DIU210 boards
Volts
in 40TE racks in 80TE racks
24 V 2 8
48 V 6 15
110 to 125 V 3 10
220 V 1 5
Note: This table only applies to the DIU210 board.

In the C26x case, the DIU211 board can replace a DIU200 board or a DIU210 board. The external
connections are the same as for these boards.
The DIU211 board includes 16 opto-isolated digital-inputs, with one common for two inputs.
The inputs are suitable for use on systems with nominal battery voltages from 24 VDC to 220 VDC (+/- 20%).
The inputs respond to negative input voltages. The inputs are not self-checked. The threshold voltage
depends on the voltage range which is set by positioning a jumper on the board (see Hardware chapter):
Triggering threshold Trigger Current at
Variant Input voltage Rated power
Pick-up Drop-off current rated voltage
A01 24 VDC 10 VDC 8 VDC 30 mA for 2 ms 3.2 mA 0.077 W
A02 48 VDC – 60 VDC 17.4 VDC 12.5 VDC 30 mA for 2 ms 2.9 mA at 48 V 0.14 W

Triggering threshold Trigger Current at

Variant Input voltage Rated power
Pick-up Drop-off current rated voltage
2.4 mA at 110
A03 110 VDC – 125 VDC 50 VDC 29.9 VDC 30 mA for 2 ms 0.26 W
V
A04 220 VDC 86 VDC 67 VDC 30 mA for 2 ms 1.9 mA 0.42 W
110 VDC – 125 VDC with 2.4 mA at 110
A07 86 VDC 67 VDC 30 mA for 2 ms 0.26 W
80% threshold V
220 VDC with 80%
A08 176 VDC 132 VDC 30 mA for 2 ms 1.9 mA 0.42 W
threshold
For an input voltage from the threshold value to 18 V, the input current is 30 mA. The voltage applied to the
input terminals, with an amplitude between 19 VDC and 264 VDC powers the pulse generation circuit. The
circuit drives a current pulse with an amplitude of 30 mA. The pulse duration is between 1 ms and 2 ms.
To reduce thermal dissipation, especially at high input voltages, the inputs draw a current of less than
1.6 mA.
A high current circulation inside binary contacts for a short period cleans them and thus allows the boards to
be used in contaminated environments.
3.5 DIGITAL OUTPUT UNIT (DOU) DIGITAL OUTPUTS
3.5.1 DOU200 DIGITAL OUTPUT

On the DOU200 board, the attributes of the Output Relay Contacts are shown in this table:
Description Values
Make 2.5 A
2.5 A continuously
Carry
Break
10000 operations
Operating time Make < 7 ms
8 single pole relays Normally open contacts
2 double pole relays 1 common for 2 output contacts (NO/NC changeover)
• Dielectric strength of the coil contacts: 5000 VRMS

• Isolation: 2 kV (CM) at 50 Hz for 1 minute
• The board is designed and monitored to prevent issuing an unwanted signal.
3.5.2 DOU201 DIGITAL OUTPUT

The DOU201 board provides:
• 10 insulated digital outputs (with relays)


In the C26x rack, a DOU201 board replaces a DOU200 board. External connections remain the same as for
earlier versions of the board.
The characteristics of the output relay contacts of a DOU201 board are given in this table:
Description Values
Make 5A
5 A continuously
Carry 30 A for 500 ms (open for 40 s afterwards)
or 250 A for 30 ms
Breaking capacity for 100 000 operations:
AC: 1500 VA resistive,
Breaking capacity reduced to 90 000 operations:
Break
AC: 1500 VA inductive (power factor = 0.7)
Breaking capacity confirmed after 10 000 operations (contact resistance
still lower than 250 mΩ):
DC: 30 W inductive (L/R = 40 ms)
Operating time Make < 7 ms
8 single-pole relays Normally open contacts
2 double-pole relays 1 common for 2 output contacts (NO/NC changeover)
The location of the DOU201 in the C26x rack defines the address of the board. If you use the DOU201 as a
spare of a previous board, you can use the jumper to define the address of the board. Use the SCE to define
this location (refer to C26x/EN AP).
• Dielectric strength of the coil contacts: 5000 VRMS.

• Isolation: 2 kV (CM) at 50 Hz for 1 minute
• The board is designed and monitored to prevent issuing an unwanted signal.
3.6 ANALOGUE INPUT UNIT (AIU) ANALOGUE INPUTS
3.6.1 AIU201 ANALOGUE INPUT

The AIU201 board provides 4 independent analogue inputs (AI). You can set each AI input current range or
input voltage range as shown in the table that follows:
Type Ranges
[–1 mA .. +1 mA]
[–5 mA .. +5 mA]
Current input range [–10 mA .. +10 mA]
[–20 mA .. +20 mA]
(see C26x/EN AP for settable sensor ranges)
[–1.25 V .. +1.25 V]
[–2.5 V .. +2.5 V]
Voltage input range
[–5 V .. +5 V]
[–10 V .. +10 V]
Sampling period 100 ms
Accuracy 0.1% full scale at 25°C

Type Ranges
AD conversion 16 bits (15 bits + sign bit)
Common mode rejection ratio (CMMR) > 100 dB
Serial mode rejection ratio (SMMR) > 40 dB
Range of Gain: user-selectable 1, 2, 4, 16
Input impedance for voltage inputs 11 kΩ
Input impedance for current inputs 75 Ω
You can set the ranges during the configuration phase.

To select the current or voltage, choose the input number of the connector.
AD conversion
The zero offset value is computed by the conversion of a 0 V voltage reference.
The gain is adjusted automatically by software by connecting a known voltage reference to the amplifier.
The zero offset values and the gain are adjusted regularly in order to compensate for the deviations caused
by variations of temperature (drift: as much as 30 ppm/°C) and ageing.
3.6.2 AIU211 ANALOGUE INPUT

Transducers deliver the DC current signals to the AIU211 board. The AIU211 board provides 8 insulated
analogue input values on 8 independent galvanic-isolated channels. This means that there is no common
point of contact between two analogue inputs.
You can configure each analogue input in the current range as shown in the table that follows:
Type Ranges
[–1 mA .. +1 mA]
[–5 mA .. +5 mA]
Current input range [–10 mA .. +10 mA]
[–20 mA .. +20 mA]
(see AP chapter for settable sensor ranges)
Sampling period 100 ms
Accuracy 0.1% full scale for each range at 25°C
AD conversion 16 bits (15 bits + sign bit)
Common mode rejection ratio (CMMR) 50Hz, 60Hz > 100 dB
Serial mode rejection ratio (SMMR) > 40 dB
Input impedance for current inputs 75 Ω
Temperature drift: as much as 30 ppm/°C between 0°C and 70°C

You can set the ranges during the configuration phase.
To select the current range, choose the input number of the connector.
The AIU211 board replaces the AIU210 Board: the interface on the internal Bus is compatible with the
AIU210.
3.6.3 SATURATION VALUES

Range Saturation values
[–10 V .. +10 V] -12.6 V / +12.6 V
[–5 V .. +5 V] -6.3 V / +6.3 V

Range Saturation values

[–2.5 V .. +2.5 V] -3.2 V / +3.2 V
[–1.25 V .. +1.25 V] -1.26 V / +1.26 V
[–1 mA .. +1 mA] -1.26 mA / +1.26 mA
[–5 mA .. +5 mA] -6.3 mA / +6.3 mA
[–10 mA .. +10 mA] -12.6 mA / +12.6 mA
[–20 mA .. +20 mA] -25.2 mA / +25.2 mA
3.7 TRANSDUCERLESS MEASUREMENT UNIT (TMU) CT/VT ANALOGUE

INPUTS
3.7.1 GENERAL
For C26x BCUs, you can install TMU200, TMU210, and TMU220 boards.
For C26x-Standalone RTUs, there are no TMU2xx boards installed.
The TMU200 provides 4 Current Transformer (CT) inputs & 4 Voltage Transformer (VT) inputs.
3.7.2 TMU200 / TMU220 – CURRENT TRANSFORMERS (CT)

On the terminal block, there are two available nominal currents, each with different attributes.
The current measurement inputs to each of the 4 Current Transformers (CT) include the attributes that
follow:
Operating range
Description
1A 5A
Nominal AC current (In) 1 ARMS 5 ARMS
Minimum measurable current with same accuracy 0.2 ARMS 0.2 ARMS
Maximum measurable current 4 ARMS (4*In) 20 ARMS (4*In)
Frequency 50 or 60 Hz ± 10% 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
TMU200 / TMU220 CT overload withstand:

Strength
Duration
1A 5A
3 seconds: not measurable, with no destruction 6 ARMS (6*In) 30 ARMS (6*In)
1 second: not measurable, with no destruction 20 ARMS (20*In) 100 ARMS (20*In)
3.7.3 TMU200 / TMU220 – VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS (VT)

The voltage measurement inputs to each of the 5 Voltage Transformers (VT) include the attributes that
follow:
Description Operating range
Nominal AC voltage (Vn) range 57.73 VRMS to 500 VRMS
Minimum measurable voltage 7 VRMS

Description Operating range

Maximum measurable voltage 577 VRMS
Frequency operating range 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
VT overload withstand:
Duration Strength
10 seconds with no destruction 880 VRMS
3.7.4 TMU210 – CURRENT TRANSFORMERS (CT)

On the terminal block, there are two available nominal currents: 1A and 5A. Each has different attributes.
Use jumpers to set the 1A or 5A nominal current.
The current measurement inputs to each of the 4 Current Transformers (CT) include the attributes that
follow:
Operating range
Description
1A 5A
Nominal AC current (In) 1 ARMS 5 ARMS
Minimum measurable current with same accuracy 0.1 ARMS 0.5 ARMS
Maximum measurable current 40 ARMS (40*In) 200 ARMS (40*In)
Frequency 50 or 60 Hz ± 10% 50 or 60 Hz ± 10%
Values
Bandwidth 10th harmonic
Current threshold accuracy 2%
Compatibility with external transformer 5VA 5P10
In addition, and specific for the 3 phase current inputs for each CT:
Operating range
Description
1A 5A
3 phase current inputs 1A 5A
Power consumption < 0.05 VA < 1.25 VA
Values
Operating range 0.1 to 40 In
100 In for 1 second
Thermal withstand 30 In for 10 seconds
4 In permanent
In addition, and specific for the 1 earth current input for each CT:
Operating range
Description
1A 5A
1 earth current inputs 1A 5A
Power consumption < 0.008 VA at 0.1 I0n < 0.175 VA at 0.1 I0n

Values
Standard range: 0.01 to 8 I0n
2 sensitive ranges available on order (Cortec
Operating range
code):
0.002 to 1 I0n or 0.1 to 40 I0n
100 I0n for 1 second
Thermal withstand (standard range) 30 I0n for 10 seconds
4 I0n permanent
TMU210 CT overload withstand (standard range):

Strength
Duration
1A 5A
10 seconds: not measurable, with no destruction 30 ARMS (30*In) 150 ARMS (30*In)
1 second: not measurable, with no destruction 100 ARMS (100*In) 500 ARMS (100*In)
3.7.5 TMU210 – VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS (VT)

The 3 or 4 phase voltage measurement inputs to each of the 4 Voltage Transformers (VT) include the
attributes that follow:
Description Values
Power consumption < 0.5 VA at 130V
57V to 130V
Vn range
Other possibility by cortec code: 220V..480V
2 Vn phase-neutral permanent, and
Thermal withstand
2.6 Vn phase-neutral for 10 seconds
Bandwidth 10th harmonic
Voltage threshold accuracy 2%
Connection option by setting:

For 3 phase voltage input: 3Vpn / 2 Vpn + Vr / 2Vpp + Vr
For 4 phase voltage input: 3Vpn / 3 Vpn + Vr / 2 Vpn + Vr / 3 Vpp + Vr / 2 Vpp + Vr
All voltage and power phase protection are done on Vpp voltage directly measured or derived, and Vr is
directly measured or derived.
3.7.6 TMU2XX - A/D CONVERTER

On the TMU2xx boards, the A/D converter includes the attributes that follow:
Description Values
Width 16 bits
Conversion period < 30 µs
Scanning period 64 samples/period
Linearity error ± 2 LSB
SINAD ratio as much as 1kHz 0db
Low passed filter at 1kHz -40db/decade

3.8 ANALOGUE OUTPUT UNIT (AOU)
3.8.1 AOU200 ANALOGUE OUTPUTS

The AOU200 board provides 4 analogue current outputs. Each output is related to a Read Inhibit relay. An
external power supply supplies power to the outputs.
The analogue outputs, the relays and the power supply are one isolated group.
The external power supply must supply a regulated voltage of +48V±5% and a power of
10 W for each AOU200 board
For the AOU200 board, the output attributes follow:
Value Maximal Impedance
± 5 mA (± 20% Ö ± 6mA) 4 kΩ
± 10 mA (± 20% Ö ± 12mA) 2 kΩ
± 20 mA (± 20% Ö ± 24mA) 1 kΩ
+ 4 mA to +20 mA
After calibration, and at 25°C, precision = 0.1% X (the full scale + 20%)
Between -10°C and +70°C, maximum deviation <100ppm/°C
100ms after the command, the current output is stable. The management of the AOU200 board with an RI
relay shows in the figure below. When the RI relay is in the closed position, you can read the value.
AOUx
100 ms
10 ms 10 ms
RI relay
C0287ENa
Figure 1: AOU board management with an RI relay
Watchdog relay and RI relays characteristics:

Contact type NO
Max operating voltage 250VDC / 230VAC
2.5A continuously
Make and Carry 30A for 500ms
100A for 30ms
DC: 50W resistive, 15W inductive (L/R = 40ms)
Break AC: 1250 VA resistive
1250VA inductive (power factor cosϕ = 0.7 – relay duration is lower)
Operating time < 7ms
Maximum frequency of switching 360 operations each hour, on nominal load
Life Period 100 000 operations, on resistive load at 250VAC, 8A

4 BURDENS
4.1 AUXILIARY VOLTAGE

The C26x unit's burdens depend on the number of boards installed in the unit and shown in the table that
follows:
Case Nominal Maximum
40TE 15 W 25 W
80TE 20 W BIU241: 40 W / BIU261: 52 W
4.2 POWER SUPPLY BOARD

For the BIU241 board or the BIU261 module, the input burden on the internal 5 V bus is 1.25 W. This
includes the watchdog, redundancy relays and communication ports.
The minimum efficiency of the power supply is 78%.
Note:
During the DS Agile C26x start-up process, there is a peak current. During the first 50 ms, the peak current can reach
6.2 A, as measured on the BIU-A03 board with a source of 125 VDC.
Nominal voltage Current at Un (mA) - after peak

24 VDC 2.6 mA
48 VDC 2.2 mA
110 VDC 1.9 mA
125 VDC 1.5 mA
220 VDC 1 mA
4.3 CPU BOARD

The CPU270 board (also referred to as the CPU type 3 or CPU3) burden on the internal 12 V bus is 2.7 W.
4.4 CIRCUIT BREAKER CONTROL UNITS (CCU) INPUT BURDENS
4.4.1 CCU200 INPUT BURDEN

On the CCU200 board, the input burdens follow:
Board
Nominal voltage Current at Un (mA)
variant
A01 24 VDC 3.5
5 at 48 VDC
A02 48 to 60 VDC
6.8 at 60 VDC
2.5 at 110 VDC
A03 110 to 125 VDC
3 at 125 VDC
A04 220 VDC 2
3.4 at 110 VDC
A07 110 to 125 VDC
5.4 at 132 VDC

The CCU200 board burden on the internal 5V bus is 400 mW plus 400 mW for each activated relay.
4.4.2 CCU211 INPUT BURDEN

On the CCU211 board, the input burdens follow:
Nominal voltage Current at Un (mA)- after peak
24VDC 2.6 mA
48VDC 2.2 mA
110VDC 1.9 mA
125VDC 1.5 mA
220VDC 1 mA
For the CCU211 board, the input burden on the internal 5 V bus is 290 mW plus 400 mW for each activated
relay.
4.5 DIGITAL INPUT UNIT (DIU) INPUT BURDEN
4.5.1 DIU200 INPUT BURDEN

On the DIU200 board, the input burdens follow:
Board
variant
A01 24 VDC 3.5 mA
5 mA at 48 VDC
A02 48 to 60 VDC
6.8 mA at 60 VDC
2.5 mA at 110 VDC
A03 110 to 125 VDC
3 mA at 125 VDC
A04 220 VDC 2 mA
The burden of the DIU200 board on the internal 5 V bus is 75 mW

The DIU210 board includes the input burdens as follows:
24 VDC >25 mA
48 to 60 VDC 3.8 mA
110 to 125 VDC 4 mA
220 VDC 4.1 mA
The burden of the DIU210 board on the internal 5 V bus is 75 mW.

Power consumption for each input:
Un = 24 VDC to 110 VDC: 0.5 W ± 30% for each input
Un > 110 VDC: 5 mA ± 30%
From 48 VDC to 220V DC voltage, a high current consumption is created on binary inputs during a short period
and circulates through external binary contacts to clean them. Please refer to the peak current response
curve.

Important note: For the 24 VDC voltage, there is no short peak current because of the
permanent high consumption on inputs > 25 mA.
35
30
25
Current (mA)
20
15
10
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Tension (V)
C0159ENa
Figure 2: Peak current response curve


To reduce thermal dissipation, especially at high input voltage levels, the inputs use less than 1.6mA.
The DIU211 board includes the input burdens that follow:
Nominal voltage Current at Un (mA)- after peak
24 VDC 2.6 mA
48 VDC 2.2 mA
110 VDC 1.9 mA
125 VDC 1.5 mA
220 VDC 1 mA
The burden of the DIU211 board on the internal 5V bus is 75 mW
40 mA
30 mA
20 mA
10 mA
C1050ENa
Figure 3: Peak current response curve
4.6 DIGITAL OUTPUT UNIT (DOU) INPUT BURDEN

For the DOU200 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 250mW plus 200mW for each activated
relay.
For the DOU201 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 250mW plus 200mW for each activated
relay.
4.7 ANALOGUE INPUT UNIT (AIU) INPUT BURDEN

For the AIU201 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 1 W.
For the AIU211 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 1.1 W.

4.8 TRANSDUCERLESS MEASUREMENT UNIT (TMU) CT/VT INPUT BURDEN

For the TMU200 / TMU210 / TMU220 boards, the input burdens on the internal transformers are as follows:
CT burden (at nominal current – In) Nominal consumption (VA)
TMU200 TMU210 TMU220
1A < 0.1 < 0.02 < 0.02
5A < 0.5 < 0.2 < 0.2
VT burden (at nominal voltage – Vn) Nominal consumption (VA)

TMU200 TMU210 TMU220
Vn = 130 VRMS <0.1 <0.1 < 0.01
For the TMU200 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 600 mW.
4.9 ANALOGUE OUTPUT UNIT (AOU) INPUT BURDEN

For the AOU200 board, the input burden on the internal 5V bus is 120 mA (maximum).
4.10 ETHERNET SWITCH BOARDS' INPUT BURDEN ON THE INTERNAL 5V

BUS
SWU20x: 3.85 W with 2 optical ports
SWx202 / SWx204: 4W
SWD212 / SWD214: 6W
SWR212 / SWR214: 7W
SRP282 / SRP284: 6W
4.11 PROCESS BUS BOARDS' INPUT BURDEN ON THE INTERNAL 5V BUS

DPU282 / DPU284: 6W
SVU282 / SVU284: 6W
4.12 FRONT PANEL BOARD INPUT BURDEN ON THE INTERNAL 5V BUS

GHU200 / GHU210:
• 600 mW when the LCD screen is not back-lit

• 3 W when the LCD screen is back-lit.
GHU201 / GHU211: 600 mW
GHU202 / GHU212: < 1 mW

5 ACCURACY
To secure the proper accuracy for calculations, the sampling frequency must be exactly adapted to the
signal frequency that fluctuates around the basic frequency (50 / 60 Hz).
For all specified accuracy, the repeatability is ± 2.5% unless otherwise specified.
If no range is specified for the validity of the accuracy, then the specified accuracy is valid over the full
setting range.
5.1 REFERENCE CONDITIONS

Quantity Reference conditions Test tolerance
General
Ambient temperature 20 °C ±2 °C
Atmospheric pressure 86kPa to 106kPa -
Relative humidity 45 to 75 % -
Input energising quantity
Current In ±5%
Voltage Vn ±5%
Frequency 50 or 60Hz ±0.5%
24VDC, 48VDC-60VDC, 110VDC-125VDC, 220VDC
Auxiliary supply ±5%
230VAC
5.2 MEASUREMENT ACCURACY
5.2.1 MEASUREMENT ACCURACY – TMU200 / TMU220

Quantity Accuracy
Current (with measurement CT) 0.2% full scale
Voltage (with voltage droppers) 0.2% full scale
Power (with measurement CT) 0.5% at best
Frequency ± 0.01 Hz
Amplitude < 1%
Phase ± 1°
Overall temperature coefficient ± 10 ppm/°C
Harmonics H15

5.2.2 MEASUREMENT ACCURACY – TMU210

Measurement Range Deviation
Phase current (with measurement
0.1 to 40 In Typical ±0.5% In at In
CT)
0.002 to 1 I0n
Earth current 0.01 to 8 I0n Typical ±0.5% Vn at I0n
0.1 to 40 I0n
57 to 260V
Voltage (with voltage droppers) Typical ±0.5% Vn at Vn
220 to 960V
Active Power Reactive Power

Cos Deviation Sin Deviation
0.866 <1.5% 0.866 <3%
0.5 < 3% 0.5 < 1.5%
5.3 HOW TO MEASURE THE ISOLATION RESISTANCE

To measure the isolation resistance, do the steps that follow:
1 Apply a continuous voltage of 500 V to both points.
2 Wait a minimum of 5 seconds to stabilize the reading.
3 Make a record of the isolation resistance.
4 The isolation resistance must be higher than 100 M ohms, in agreement with procedure LQD/P52/1

6 TYPE TESTS
6.1 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TESTS
6.1.1 AIU211 – DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TEST

Type Test description Type Test Standard Conditions
Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 (2000) 100 MΩ at 500VDC (CM )
IEC 60255-5 (2000)
Dielectric Strength 50Hz for 1 minute, 2kV (CM),
IEEE C37.90 (1989)
Impulse Voltage Strength
IEC 60255-5 (2000) 5kV (CM)
for inputs of the AIU211
6.1.2 ECU200/ECU201 – DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TEST

Type Test description Type Test Standard Conditions
100 MΩ at 500 VDC (CM and DM)
Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 (2000)
(between groups)
6.1.3 C26X UNIT – DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TEST

Type Test Name Type Test Standard Conditions
Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 (2000) 100 MΩ at 500 VDC (CM and DM)
IEC 60255-5 (2000)
Dielectric Strength 50 Hz for 1 minute, 2 kV (CM), 1 kV (DM)
IEEE C37.90 (1989)
High Voltage Impulse Test IEC 60255-5 (2000) 5 kV CM and 3 kV DM
6.2 MECHANICAL TEST

Free Fall Test IEC 60068-2-31 (1969) + A1 (1982) 2 falls of 5 cm (C26x not powered)
Free Fall Packaging Test IEC 60068-2-32 (1975) +A1 (1982) + A2 (1990)
25 falls of 50 cm (Packaged C26x)
Vibration Response – Powered Class 2:
IEC 60255-21-1 (1988)
On Acceleration: 1g from 10 to 150 Hz
Vibration Response – Not Class 2:
IEC 60255-21-1 (1988)
Powered On Acceleration: 2g from 10 to 500 Hz
Vibration Endurance – Not Class 2:
IEC 60068-2-6 (1995)
Powered On Acceleration: 1g from 10 to 500 Hz
Class 1:
Shocks – Not Powered On IEC 60255-21-2 (1988)
15g, 11 ms
Class 2:
Shocks – Powered On IEC 60255-21-2 (1988)
10g, 11 ms
Class 1:
Bump Test – Not Powered On IEC 60255-21-2 (1988)
10g, 16 ms, 2000/axis


Class 2:
Acceleration: 2g
Seismic Test – Powered On IEC 60255-21-3 (1993) Displacement: 7.5 mm upon axis H
Acceleration: 1g
Displacement: 3.5 mm upon axis V
6.3 ATMOSPHERIC TEST

Test Ca:
Damp Heat Test – Operating IEC 60068-2-3 (1969)
+40°C / 10 days / 93% RH
Cold Test - Operating IEC 60068-2-1 (1990) Test Ab: - 25°C / 96 h
Test Ad:
Cold Test - Storage IEC60068-2-1 (1990) -40°C / 96 h
Powered On at –25°C (for information)
Dry Heat Test – Operating IEC 60068-2-2 (1974) 70°C / 24 h
Dry Heat Long Test – Operating DICOT HN 46-R01-06 (1993) 55°C / 10 days
Test Bd:
Dry Heat Test – Storage IEC 60068-2-1 (1990) +70°C / 96 h
Powered On at +70°C
Enclosure Protection IEC 60529 (1989) + A1 (1999) Front: IP52
6.4 DC AUXILIARY SUPPLY TEST

T < 1.5 ms / I < 20 A
Inrush current (start-up) DICOT HN 46-R01-4 (1993) 1.5ms < T < 150 ms / I < 10 A
T > 500 ms / I < 1.2 In
Vn ± 20%
Supply variation IEC 60255-6 (1988)
Vn+30% & Vn-25% for information
1.32 Vn max
Overvoltage (peak strength) IEC 60255-6 (1988)
2 Vn for 10 ms (for information)
From Vn down to 0 within 1 minute
Ramp down to zero N/A
From Vn down to 0 within 100 minutes
From 0 to Vn within 1 minute
Ramp up from zero N/A
From 0 to Vn within 100 minutes
From 2.5 ms to 1 s at 0.8 Vn
Supply interruption IEC 60255-11 (1979)
50 ms at Vn, no malfunction
Polarity – for the lower potential of the supply
Reverse polarity N/A
Polarity + for the lower potential of the supply


12% Vn at f=100Hz or 120Hz
Ripple (frequency fluctuations) IEC 60255-11 (1979)
12% Vn at f=200Hz for information
6.5 AC AUXILIARY SUPPLY TEST

Supply variations IEC 60255-6 (1988) Vn ± 20%
AC Voltage dips & short 2ms to 20ms & 50ms to 1s
EN 61000-4-11 (1994)
interruptions 50 ms at Vn, no malfunction
50 Hz: from 47 to 54 Hz
Frequency fluctuations IEC 60255-6 (1988)
60 Hz: from 57 to 63 Hz
Voltage strength N/A 2 Vn for 10 ms (for information)
6.6 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) TESTS

IEC 60255-22-1 (1988)
High Frequency Disturbance IEC 61000-4-12 (1995) Class 3: 2.5kV (CM) / 1kV (DM)
IEEE C37.90.1 (1989)
IEC 60255-22-2 (1996) Class 4:
Electrostatic discharge
IEC 61000-4-2 (1995) + A1 (1998) + A2 (2001) 8kV contact / 15 kV air
Class 3:
IEC 60255-22-3 (2000)
10 V/m – 80 to 1000 MHz
Radiated Immunity IEC 61000-4-3 (2002) + A1 (2002)
& spot tests
IEEE C37.90.2 (1987)
35 V/m – 25 to 1000 MHz
IEC 60255-22-4 (2002)
Class 4: 4kV – 2.5kHz (CM)
Fast Transient Burst IEC 61000-4-4 (1995) + A1 (2001)
Class 4: 2.5kV – 2.5kHz (DM) on DI/DO
IEEE C37.90.1 (1989)
Class 4:
Surge immunity IEC 61000-4-5 (1995) + A1 (2001)
4kV (CM) – 2kV (DM)
High frequency conducted Class 3:
IEC 61000-4-6 (2003)
immunity 10 V, 0.15 – 80 MHz
Harmonics Immunity IEC 61000-4-7 (2002) 5% & 10% from H2 to H17
Class 5:
Power Frequency Magnetic 100A/m for 1mn
IEC 61000-4-8 (1993)
Field Immunity
1000A/m for 3s
Class 5:
Pulse magnetic field 6.4 / 16 µs
IEC 61000-4-9 (1993)
immunity
1000A/m for 3s
Damped oscillatory magnetic Class 5:
IEC 61000-4-10 (1993) + A1 (2001)
field immunity 100 kHz & 1 MHz – 100A/m
Power Frequency IEC 61000-4-16 (1998) CM 500 V / DM 250 V via 0.1 μF
Conducted emission EN 55022 (1998) + A1 (2000) + A2 (2003) Gr. I, class A: from 0.15 to 30 MHz
Radiated emission EN 55022(1998) + A1 (2000) + A2 (2003) Gr. I, class A: from 30 to 1000 MHz

7 PROTECTION FUNCTIONS
7.1 DIRECTIONAL/NON-DIRECTIONAL PHASE OC PROTECTION (ANSI CODE

67/50/51)
• Phase Current Fundamental only
• Phase Voltage Fundamental only
• Phase Current Range 0.1 to 40 x rated current, step of 0.01 In
• Thresholds 3 independent (I>, I>>, I>>>)
I> 0.1 to 40 In (see note)

I>> 0.5 to 40 In (see note)
I>>> 0.5 to 40 In
Note: When I> or I>> is associated to an IDMT curve, the maximum setting recommended should be 2In.
• Minimum voltage operation 0.6V (Un: 57 to 130V)
• Minimum voltage operation 3.0V (Un: 220 to 480V)
• Synchronous Polarisation
Minimum phase voltage fixed threshold enabling synchronous polarising: 0.6V
Synchronous polarising permanence time phase voltage thresholds: 5 s
• Hysteresis 95%
• Instantaneous time < 30 ms
• Drop out time 30 ms
• Phase time-delays (tI>, tI>>, tI>>>)
• DMT 0 ms to 150 s, step of 10 ms
• Reset time (for DMT) 0 ms to 600 s, step of 10 ms
IDMT curves:
• IEC: Short time inverse (Alstom),

Standard Inverse (IEC),
Very inverse (IEC),
Extremely inverse (IEC),
Long time inverse (Alstom)
• RI: (Electromechanical type).
• RECT: Rectifier.
• IEEE/ANSI: Short time inverse (CO2),

Moderately inverse (ANSI),
Inverse (CO8),
Very inverse (ANSI),
Extremely inverse (ANSI)

• Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) 0.025 to 1.5, step of 0.025
• Reset time
If IEEE/ANSI phase time-delay: Short time inverse (CO2),
Inverse (CO8),
Extremely inverse (ANSI).
• Reset Time Multiplier Setting (RTMS) 0.025 to 3.2, step of 0.025
or DMT: 0.04s to 100s; step of 0.01 s

If IEC curves phase time-delay: 0.04s to 100s; step of 0.01 s
7.2 DIR. /NON-DIR. NEUTRAL/GROUND/EARTH OC PROTECTION

(ANSI CODE 67N/50N/51N)
• Residual Current Fundamental only
• Residual voltage Fundamental only
• Earth current Ranges 0.01 to 8 x rated current, step of 0.005 Ien

0.1 to 40 x rated current, step of 0.005 Ien
• Thresholds 3 independent (Ie>, Ie>>, Ie>>>)
Range: 0.01 to 8 x Ien

Ie> 0.01 to 1 Ien (see note)
Ie>> 0.01 to 8 Ien (see note)
Ie>>> 0.01 to 8 Ien
Range: 0.1 to 40 x Ion
Ie>>> 0.5 to 40 Ien
Note: When Ie> or Ie>> is associated to an IDMT curve the maximum setting recommended should be the maximum
of the range /20.
• Minimum residual voltage operation 0.7V (Uen: 57 to 130V)
• Hysteresis 95%
• Drop out time 30 ms
• Earth time-delays (tIe>, tIe>>, tIe>>>)
DMT 0 ms to 150 s, step of 10 ms

Reset time (for DMT) 0 ms to 600 s, step of 10 ms

IDMT Curves
• IEC: Short time inverse (Alstom),

Very inverse (IEC),
Long time inverse (Alstom).
• RI: (Electromechanical type)
• RECT: Rectifier.
• IEEE/ANSI: Short time inverse (CO2),

Inverse (CO8),
• Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) 0.025 to 3.2, step of 0.025
• Reset time
if IEEE/ANSI Earth time-delay Short time inverse (CO2),
Inverse (CO8),
or DMT: 0.04s to 100s ; step of 0.01 s
if IEC Curves Earth time-delay 0.04s to 100s; step of 0.01 s
7.3 DIR. /NON-DIR. SENSITIVE GROUND/EARTH OC PROTECTION

(ANSI CODE 67N/50N/51N)
• Residual Current Fundamental only
• Residual Voltage Fundamental only
• Sensitive Earth current Range 0.002 to 1 x rated current, step of 0.001 Ien
• Thresholds 3 independent (Ie>, Ie>>, Ie>>>)

Range: 0.002 to 1 x Ien
Ie>>> 0.002 to 1 Ien
Note: When Ie> or Ie>> is associated to an IDMT curve the maximum setting recommended should be 0.05 Ien.
• Hysteresis 95%

• Drop-out time 30 ms
• Earth fault time-delays (tIe>, tIe>>, tIe>>>)

Reset time (for DMT) 0 ms to 600 s, step of 10 ms
IDMT curves
IEC: Short time inverse (Alstom),
Very inverse (IEC),
RI: (Electromechanical type)
RECT: Rectifier.
IEEE/ANSI: Short time inverse (CO2),
Inverse (CO8),
Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) 0.025 to 1.5, step of 0.025
• Reset time
if IEEE/ANSI Earth time-delay: Short time inverse (CO2),
Inverse (CO8),
if IEC curves Earth time-delay: 0.04s to 100s ; step of 0.01 s

7.4 THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION (ANSI CODE 49)

• Current RMS
• Current threshold I θ>

0.1 to 3.2 x rated current, step of 0.01
• Thermal state (alarm and trip) 50 to 200 % x θ, step of 1 %
• Constant Time Te 1 to 200 mn, step of 1 mn
• k factor 1 to 1.5, step of 0.01
7.5 UNDERCURRENT PROTECTION (ANSI CODE 37)

• Current Fundamental only
• Phase Current Range I<

2 to 100 % x rated current, step of 1%
• Time delay tI<

0 to 150 s, step of 10 ms
• Hysteresis 105%
7.6 EARTH WATTMETRIC PROTECTION (ANSI CODE 32N)

• Earth fault current Fundamental only
• Residual voltage Fundamental only
• Minimum Operating Voltage

Range from: 57 to 130V, step 0.7 V
Range from: 220 to 480V, step 3.0 V
• Minimum Operating Current with Ien=1A and Ien=5A

Range from: 0.002 to 1 Ien, step 1 mA
Note:
When Pe> or Iecos> is associated to an IDMT curve, the maximum setting recommended should be the maximum of
the range divided by 20.
7.7 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OC PROTECTION (ANSI CODE 46)

• Current Fundamental only
• Phase Current Range I2> & I2>> 0.1 to 40 x rated current
Note: When I2> is associated to IDMT curve the maximum setting recommended should be 2In.

• Hysteresis 95%
• I2> Time delay

IDMT curves IEC: Short time inverse (Alstom),
Very inverse (IEC),
RI: (Electromechanical type)
RECT: Rectifier
IEEE/ANSI: Short time inverse (CO2),
Inverse (CO8),
Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) 0.025 to 1.5, step of 0.025
• Reset time
If IEEE/ANSI I2> Time delay: Short time inverse (CO2),
Inverse (CO8),
If IEC I2> Time delay: 0.04s to 100s ; step of 0.01 s
• I2>> Time delay

7.8 UNDERVOLTAGE (ANSI CODE 27)
7.8.1 THRESHOLD SETTINGS (SECONDARY VALUES)

• Nominal voltage range: 57 – 130V
Setting Range Step size
V<= Voltage Set 5 – 130V 0.1V
V<<= Voltage Set 5 – 130V 0.1V

Setting Range Step size
V<= Voltage Set 20 – 480V 0.5V
V<<= Voltage Set 20 – 480V 0.5V

7.8.2 TIME DELAY SETTINGS

Each voltage element is associated to an independent time-delay.
Element Time delay type
1st stage Definite Time (DT)
2nd stage Definite Time (DT)
3rd stage Definite Time (DT)
7.8.3 DEFINITE TIME-DELAY CHARACTERISTICS

Setting Range Step Size
tV< 0 – 600s 0.01s
tV<< 0 – 600s 0.01s
7.9 OVERVOLTAGE (ANSI CODE 59)
7.9.1 THRESHOLD SETTINGS (SECONDARY VALUES)

V>= Voltage Set 5 – 200V 0.1V
V>>= Voltage Set 5 – 260V 0.1V

V>= Voltage Set 20 – 720V 0.5V
V>>= Voltage Set 20 – 960V 0.5V
7.9.2 TIME DELAY SETTINGS

1st stage Definite Time (DT)
2nd stage Definite Time (DT)
3rd stage Definite Time (DT)
7.9.3 DEFINITE TIME-DELAY CHARACTERISTICS

tV> 0 – 599s 0.01s
tV>> 0 – 599s 0.01s

7.10 RESIDUAL OVERVOLTAGE / NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT

(ANSI CODE 59N)
Threshold settings (secondary values)

V0> Voltage set 0.5 – 130V 0.1V

V0> Voltage set 2 – 480V 0.5V
Time delay settings

Each measuring element time-delay can be blocked by the operation of a user defined logic (optically
isolated) input (see “Blocking logic1” or “Blocking logic2” functions).
1st stage Definite Time (DT) or IDMT
Definite time-delay characteristics

tV0> 0 – 599s 0.01s
7.11 UNDER-/OVERFREQUENCY (ANSI CODES 81U/81O)

f1 threshold Fn – 5 Hz, Fn + 5 Hz 0.01 Hz
tf1 (definite time-delay) 0 – 600s 0.01s
Where: Fn: nominal frequency

7.12 RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY (ANSI CODE 81R)

Threshold settings
df/dt1 threshold –10 Hz/s, +10 Hz/s 0.1 Hz/s
Integration time
cycle number 1 – 200 1 cycle
Validation number of protection

Validation 2 or 4 2
Under voltage blocking
• Nominal voltage range: 57-130V

protection block 5.7 – 130V 0.1
• Nominal voltage range: 220-480V

protection block 20 – 480V 0.1

7.13 ANCILLARY FUNCTIONS
7.13.1 CIRCUIT BREAKER FAILURE (50BF)

• Under current threshold I< 2% to 100% x rated current, step of 1%
• Threshold accuracy from 0.02 In to 0.1 In: 0.006 In

from 0.1 In to 1 In: 2% Is
• Threshold hysteresis max. 0.008 In or 0.95 Is
• CB failure time tBF 30 ms to 10 s; step of 10 ms
7.13.2 COLD LOAD PICK-UP

• Range 100 to 500 % x nominal settings, step of 1%
• Time delay tCL 0.1 s to 3600 s, step of 100 ms
7.13.3 RSE (CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC FUNCTION)

• Time delay in RSEA 1.5 s
• Time delay in RSEB 130 ms
7.13.4 TRIP MANAGEMENT

Automation external to the protection functions but used by them: global trip Ctrl & trip status.

8 PROTECTION CURVES
8.1 IDMT CURVES
8.1.1 MATHEMATICAL FORMULA
8.1.1.1 IDMT THRESHOLD

Inverse Time Curves:
The first and second phases (earth) overcurrent threshold can be selected with a dependent time
characteristic. The time-delay is calculated with a mathematical formula.
In all, there are eleven inverse time characteristics available.
The mathematical formula applicable to the first ten curves is:
⎛ K ⎞
t = T×⎜ + L⎟
⎜ (I I )α − 1 ⎟
⎝ S ⎠
Where:
t = Tripping time
K = Coefficient (see table)
I = Value of measured current
IS = Value of the programmed threshold (Pick-up value)
α = Coefficient (see table)
L = ANSI/IEEE coefficient (zero for IEC curves)
T = Time multiplier between 0.025 and 1.5
Type of curve Standard K factor α factor L factor
Short Time Inverse Alstom 0.05 0.04 0
Standard inverse IEC 0.14 0.02 0
Very inverse IEC 13.5 1 0
Extremely inverse IEC 80 2 0
Long time inverse Alstom 120 1 0
Rectifier Alstom 45 900 5.6 0
Short Time Inverse C02 0.02394 0.02 0.01694
Moderately Inverse ANSI/IEEE 0.0515 0.02 0.114
Long Time Inverse C08 5.95 2 0.18
Very Inverse ANSI/IEEE 19.61 2 0.491
Extremely Inverse ANSI/IEEE 28.2 2 0.1215
The RI curve (electromechanical) is given by the following formula:
⎛ 1 ⎞
t = K × ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 0.339 − 0.236 /(I / Is) ⎠
With K settable from 0.10 to 10 in steps of 0.05
This equation is valid for 1.1<= (I/Is) <= 20

Although the curves tend towards infinite when the current approaches Is, the minimum guaranteed value of
the operating current for all the curves with the inverse time characteristic is 1.1Is (with a tolerance of ±
0,05Is).
8.1.1.2 RESET TIMER

The first phase overcurrent threshold [I>/tI>] ([Ie>/tIe>] for the earth) has a reset time. The fixed period for
this determines the minimum time during the current need to remain lower than 95% of the phase (earth)
threshold before the time-delay associated with the phase (earth) overcurrent threshold resets.
Note: There is an exception to this rule when the protection function is triggered. In fact, in this situation, the time-
delays tI>/tIe> are immediately reset.
The value of the Reset Timer depends on the type of the timer associated to the pick-up first phase (Earth)
threshold.
Type of timer associated to the first & second phase (earth)
Reset Timer
threshold
DMT + RECT 0 ms
IDMT IEC or RI Settable from 40 ms to 100s
IDMT IEEE or COx Inverse Time
Reset timer:
The first phase and earth overcurrent stages are provided with a timer hold facility "t Reset", which may be
set to a definite time value or to an inverse time characteristic (IEEE/ANSI curves only). This may be useful
in certain applications, for example when grading with upstream electromechanical overcurrent relays which
have inherent reset time-delays.
Another possible situation where the timer hold facility may be used to reduce fault clearance times is where
intermittent faults occur. An example of this may occur in a plastic insulated cable . In this application it is
possible that the fault energy melts and reseals the cable insulation, thereby extinguishing the fault. This
process repeats to give a succession of fault current pulses, each of increasing duration with reducing
intervals between the pulses, until the fault becomes permanent.
When the reset time of the overcurrent relay is minimum the relay will be repeatedly reset and not be able to
trip until the fault becomes permanent. By using the Timer Hold facility the relay will integrate the fault current
pulses, thereby reducing fault clearance time.
The reset timer "t Reset" facility can be found in the following menu:
• If the first phase (earth) threshold is selected with an IDMT IEC or RI curve, the reset timer "t Reset"
with DMT characteristic is settable in the menu:
− Protection [67/50/51] Phase OC/t Reset for the phase
− Protection [67N/50N/51N] E/Gnd/t Reset for the earth.
− If the first phase (earth) threshold is selected with an IDMT IEEE or CO curve, the reset timer "t Reset"
with IDMT characteristic is not settable.
Reset Time "t Reset" with an IDMT characteristic:
The mathematical formula applicable to the five curves is:
⎛ K ⎞
t = T × ⎜⎜ ⎟
⎝ 1 − (I Is ) ⎠
α ⎟
Where:
t = Reset time

K = Coefficient (see table)

I = Value of the measured current
IS = Value of the programmed threshold (pick-up value)
α = Coefficient (see table)
T = Reset Time Multiplier (Rtms) between 0.025 and 3.2
Type of curves Standard K factor α factor
Short time inverse C02 2.261 2
Moderately Inverse ANSI/IEEE 4.85 2
Long time Inverse C08 5.95 2
Very inverse ANSI/IEEE 21.6 2
Extremely inverse ANSI/IEEE 29.1 2

8.1.2 IEC CURVES
IEC & Alstom Curves

(TMS=0,025)
10
1
TIME IN SECONDS
0,1
0,01
0,001
1 10 100
MULTIPLES OF PICK UP SETTING
Short time inverse (Alstom )

Standard Inverse
Very Inverse
Extremely Inverse
Long Time Inverse (Alstom )
P0006ENc

Short Time Inverse (Alstom )

10
A
B
C
TIME IN SECONDS
0,1
D
0,01 E
0,001
1 10 100
E : TMS=0.025 D : TMS=0.2 C : TMS=0.5 B: TMS=1 A : TMS=1.25
P0007ENc

10
A
B
C
TIME IN SECONDS
0,1
D
0,01 E
0,001
1 10 100
E : TMS=0.025 D : TMS=0.2 C : TMS=0.5 B : TMS=1 A : TMS=1.25
P0007ENb

STANDARD INVERSE (IEC)
100
10
A
B
TIME IN SECONDS
C
1
0,1
0,01
1 10 100
P0008ENa

VERY INVERSE (IEC)

100
10
TIME IN SECONDS
1 A
B
0,01
0,001
1 10 100
P0009ENa

EXTREMEMELY INVERSE (IEC)
10000
1000
100
TIME IN SECONDS
10
A
B
0,1 C
0,01
0,001
1 10 100
E :TMS=0.025 D : TMS=0.2 C : TMS=0.5 B : TMS=1 A : TMS=1.25
P00010ENa

Long Time Inverse (Alstom)
10000
1000
100
TIME IN SECONDS
A
B
D
1
E
0,1
1 10 100
P0011ENb

8.1.3 RI CURVES
RI CURVES
100
10
TIME IN SECONDS
0,1
1 10 100
E : k=0.1 D : k=1 C : k=2 B : k=5 A : k=10
P0012ENa

8.1.4 IEEE/ANSI & CO CURVES
ANSI/IEEE & CO curves

(TMS/RTMS=0.025)
100
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Short Time Inverse (CO2) Moderately Inverse

Long Time Inverse (CO8) Very Inverse
Extremely Inverse
P0013ENa

SHORT TIME INVERSE (CO2)

100
10
1
TIME IN SECONDS
0,1
A
A B
B C
C
D
0,01
D
E
0,001 E
0,0001
0,01 0,1 1 10 100
B : TMS/RTMS=1 A : TMS/RTMS=1.25
E : TMS/RTMS=0.025 D : TMS/RTMS=0.2 C : TMS/RTMS=0.5

P0014ENa

MODERATELY INVERSE (ANSI/IEEE)
1000
100
10
TIME IN SECONDS
A
1
A B
B C
C
D
D
0,1
E
E
0,01
0,01 0,1 1 10 100

P0015ENa

LONG TIME INVERSE (CO8)
100
10
A
B
C
D
1
TIME IN SECONDS
A
E B
0,1 C
0,01
0,001
0,01 0,1 1 10 100

P0016ENa

VERY INVERSE (ANSI/IEEE)
1000
100
B
C
TIME IN SECONDS
10
1
A
E B
0,1
D
E
0,01
0,01 0,1 1 10 100

P0017ENa

EXTREMELY INVERSE (ANSI/IEEE)
1000
100
A
B
10 C
D
TIME IN SECONDS
A
B
0,1 C
0,01
0,001
0,01 0,1 1 10 100

P0018ENa

8.2 THERMAL OVERLOAD CURVES
8.2.1 MATHEMATICAL FORMULA

The thermal time characteristic is given by:
exp(-t/τ) = (I2 - (k.IFLC)2 ) / (I2 - IP2)
Where:
t = Time to trip, following application of the overload current, I
τ = Heating and cooling time constant of the protected plant
I = Largest phase current; (RMS value)
IFLC = Full load current rating (relay setting 'Thermal Trip')
k = 1.05 constant, allows continuous operation up to < 1.05 IFLC.
IP = Steady state pre-loading before application of the overload
The time to trip varies depending on the load current carried before application of the overload, i.e. whether
the overload was applied from "hot" or "cold".
Mathematical formula applicable to the DS Agile C26x:
The calculation of the Time to Trip is given by:
⎛ K ² − θ² ⎞
Ttrip = Te In⎜ ⎟
⎜ K ² − θtrip² ⎟
⎝ ⎠
With:
Ttrip = Time to trip (in seconds)
Te = Thermal time constant of the protected element (in seconds)
K = Thermal overload equal to Ieq/k Iθ>
Ieq = Equivalent current corresponding to the RMS value of the largest phase current
Iθ> = Full load current rating given by the national standard or by the supplier
k = Factor associated to the thermal state formula
θ2 = Initial thermal state. If the initial thermal state = 30% then θ2 = 0.3
θtrip2 = Trip thermal state. If the trip thermal state is set at 100%, then θ trip2 = 1
The calculation of the thermal state is given by the following formula:
θι+1 = (Ieq/ k Iθ>)2 [1- exp(-t/Te)] + θι exp(-t/Te)
θ being calculated every 100ms

8.2.2 TRIPPING CURVE
TRIPPING CURVE FUNCTION OF THE PREFAULT LOAD

(k=1.1 & T e=10mn)
10000
1000
100
TIME IN SECONDS
A
10
B
C
D
E
1
0,1
1 10
MULTIPLES OF THERMAL THRESHOLD SETTING I >
A : No prefault load, thermal state = 0%

B : Thermal state=30%
C : Thermal state=50%
D : Thermal state=70%
E : Thermal state=90%
P0021ENa


CURRENT TRANSFORMER
TECHNICAL DATA
C26X/EN CD/C57
DS Agile C26x Current Transformer Technical Data
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION TO CURRENT TRANSFORMERS 6

1.1 Current transformer magnetization 6
1.2 Limiting secondary voltage (Vk) 6
1.3 Rated accuracy limit factor 6
1.4 Primary winding current rating 6
1.5 Secondary winding current rating 7
2 CURRENT TRANSFORMER STANDARDS AND CLASSES 8

2.1 Types 8
2.2 IEC 60044-1 standard 8
2.2.1 Class P CTs 8
2.2.2 Class PX 9
2.3 IEC 60044-6 standard 9
2.3.1 Class TPS 9
2.3.2 Class TPX 9
2.3.3 Class TPY 10
2.3.4 Class TPZ 10
3 DS AGILE C26X FEEDER MANAGEMENT SOLUTION 11

3.1 DS Agile C26x features 11
3.2 Burdens 11
3.3 Current Transformer requirements 12
3.4 Protection 12
APPENDIX A: CONVERTING TO A LIMITING SECONDARY VOLTAGE 14
APPENDIX B: CONVERTING TO IEEE STANDARD VOLTAGE RATING 15
APPENDIX C: USE OF METROSIL NON-LINEAR RESISTORS 16
C26x/EN CD/C57a CD-1

Current Transformer Technical Data DS Agile C26x
Tables
Table 1: Errors v accuracy class for class P CTs 9
Table 2: Voltage circuit for C26x 11
Table 3: Auxiliary supply and boards burden for C26x 12
Table 4: Additional burdens for C26x 12
Table 5: CT Specification for C26x 12
Table 6: Knee-point voltages for C26x 13
Table 7: C57.13 ratings 15
Table 8: Metrosil units 17
Table 9: Metrosil units for 5A CTs 17
CD-2 C26x/EN CD/C57a

Glossary of terms
The following abbreviations are used in this document:
Symbol Description
ALF Accuracy Limit Factor
ANSI American National Standards Institute
C IEEE standard C57.13 "C" classification
CT Current Transformer
DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung (German standards body)
DT Definite Time
E/F Earth Fault
IDMT Inverse Definite Minimum Time
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
MCB Mini Circuit Breaker
Metrosil Brand of non-linear resistor produced by M&I Materials Ltd.
O/C Overcurrent
ph Phase
REF Restricted Earth Fault
rms Root mean square
SEF Sensitive Earth Fault
SIR Source Impedance Ratio
VA Current transformer rated burden
VT Voltage Transformer
The following terms are used in the equations in this document:
Symbol Description Units

< As well as the usual “less than”, this symbol also depicts undercurrent N/A
> As well as the usual “greater than”, this symbol also depicts overcurrent N/A
ω system angular frequency rad
f min Minimum required operating frequency Hz
f max Minimum required operating frequency Hz
fn Nominal operating frequency Hz
I' f Maximum internal secondary fault current (may also be expressed as a multiple of In) A
I >> Second stage current setting of short circuit element (overcurrent) In
I diff Current setting of first stage biased differential A
If Maximum secondary through fault current A
I f max Maximum secondary fault current (same for all feeders) A
I f max int Maximum secondary contribution from a feeder to an internal fault A

I fZ 1 Maximum secondary phase fault current at Zone 1 reach point A
I fe Maximum secondary through fault earth current A
I feZ 1 Maximum secondary earth fault current at Zone 1 reach point A
I fn Maximum prospective secondary earth fault current or 31 x I> setting (whichever is lowest) A
I fp Maximum prospective secondary phase fault current or 31 x I> setting (whichever is lowest) A
In Current transformer nominal secondary current A
I0 Earth fault current setting A
I Rm 2 Second knee-point bias current threshold setting of P63x biased differential element A
I ref Reference current of P63x calculated from the reference power and nominal voltage A
Is Value of stabilizing current A
IS1 Differential current pick-up setting of biased differential element A
IS2 Bias current threshold setting of biased differential element A
I sn Rated secondary current (I secondary nominal) A
I sp Stage 2 and 3 setting A
I st Motor start up current referred to CT secondary side A
K Dimensioning factor None
K1 Lower bias slope setting of biased differential element %
K2 Higher bias slope setting of biased differential element %
Ke Dimensioning factor for earth fault None
K max Maximum dimensioning factor None
K rpa Dimensioning factor for reach point accuracy None
Ks Dimensioning factor dependent upon through fault current None
K ssc Short circuit current coefficient or ALF None
Kt Dimensioning factor dependent upon operating time None
m1 Lower bias slope setting of P63x biased differential element None
m2 Higher bias slope setting of P63x biased differential element None
Pn Rotating plant rated single phase power W
Rct Secondary winding resistance Ω
Rl Resistance of single lead from C26x protection and control unit to current transformer Ω

Rr Resistance of any other protection units sharing the current transformer Ω
Rrn Resistance of C26x neutral current input at 30In Ω
Rrp Resistance of C26x phase current input at 30In Ω
Rs Value of stabilizing resistor Ω
t' Duration of first current flow during auto-reclose cycle s
T1 Primary system time constant s
t fr Auto-reclose dead time s
t IDiff Current differential operating time s
Ts Secondary system time constant s
Vf Theoretical maximum voltage produced if CT saturation did not occur V
Vin Input voltage e.g. to an opto-input V
Vn Nominal voltage V
Vk Required CT knee-point voltage V
Vs Value of stabilizing voltage V
X
Primary system reactance/resistance ratio None
R
Xe
Primary system reactance/resistance ratio for earth loop None
Re
Xt Transformer reactance (per unit) p.u.

1 INTRODUCTION TO CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

The role of current transformers in the transmission and distribution of electrical energy is extremely
important. They are used to enable accurate metering and effective protection of transmission and
distribution circuits.
Current transformers isolate the secondary circuits, which are used for protection and metering, from the
primary circuit, which carries the power. They also provide quantities in the secondary which are proportional
to those in the primary. The role of current transformers in protection applications is not as specific as for
metering and instrumentation. The role of a measuring transformer is to deliver from its secondary winding a
voltage or current waveform that accurately represents that of the primary side. The role of a protecting
transformer, however, varies depending on the type of protection it is designed to offer.
There is no major difference between a protection voltage transformer and a measuring voltage transformer,
the difference being only in the nature of the voltage transformed. Normally the same transformer can serve
both purposes. This cannot be said for current transformers, however, as the requirements for protection
current transformers are often radically different from those of measuring current transformers. Occasionally
the same transformer may serve both purposes but in modern practice this is rare. The main difference is
that a measuring current transformer must be accurate over the normal range of load currents, whereas a
protection current transformer must be capable of providing an adequate output over a wide range of fault
conditions, from a fraction of full load to many times full load.
1.1 CURRENT TRANSFORMER MAGNETIZATION

The primary current contains two components:
1 The secondary current referred to the primary
2 The excitation current, which supplies the core magnetization, eddy currents and hysteresis losses.
The excitation current flows in the primary winding only and is therefore the cause of transformer errors. The
amount of excitation current drawn by a current transformer depends on the core material and the amount of
flux that must be developed in the core to satisfy the burden requirements of the current transformer.
It is, therefore, not sufficient to assume a value of secondary current and to work backwards to determine the
value of primary current by using the constant ampere-turns rule, since this approach does not take into
account the excitation current. When the core saturates, a disproportionate amount of primary current is
required to magnetize the core and the secondary current does not accurately reflect the primary current.
1.2 LIMITING SECONDARY VOLTAGE (VK)

IEC60044 defines the limiting secondary voltage of the excitation characteristic as the point at which a 10%
increase in secondary voltage requires a 50% increase in excitation current. This is also commonly referred
to as the knee-point voltage. The knee-point may be regarded as the practical limit beyond which a specified
current ratio may not be maintained, as the current transformer enters saturation. Since the shunt
admittance is not linear in this region, both the excitation and secondary currents depart from their sinusoidal
form. ANSI and IEEE have a different definition of the knee-point voltage.
1.3 RATED ACCURACY LIMIT FACTOR

A current transformer is designed to maintain its ratio within specified limits up to a certain value of primary
current, expressed as a multiple of its rated primary current. This multiple is known as the current
transformer’s rated accuracy limit factor (ALF).
1.4 PRIMARY WINDING CURRENT RATING

The current transformer primary rating is usually chosen to be equal to or greater than the normal full load
current of the protected circuit. This avoids overloading and consequent overheating of the CT. Standard
primary ratings are specified in IEC 60044-1. The maximum ratio of current transformers is typically limited
to 3000:1 for two reasons:

1 Size limitation of the current transformer

2 Maximum safe open circuit voltage
Some transformers, like large turbo alternators, have very high primary ratings (e.g. 5000A). In such cases
it is standard practice to use a cascade arrangement. For example a 5000:20A in series with a 20:1A
interposing auxiliary current transformer.
1.5 SECONDARY WINDING CURRENT RATING

The total secondary burden of a current transformer includes the internal impedance of the secondary
winding, the impedance of the connected instruments and protection units and the impedance of the
secondary leads. A typical value of rated secondary current is 5A, provided that the length of the leads
between the current transformers and the connected apparatus does not exceed 25 meters. Up to this
length the lead resistance is small in relation to the total output of the transformer. In installations with longer
lead lengths, transformers with 1A secondary windings are used to keep the lead losses within reasonable
limits. Power losses vary as the square of the current, thus losses in 1A windings are 1/25th of losses in 5A
windings.

2 CURRENT TRANSFORMER STANDARDS AND CLASSES
2.1 TYPES
Generally, there are three different types of CT:
1 High-remanence
2 Low-remanence
3 Non-remanence
Remanence is the magnetization left behind in a medium after an external magnetic field is removed. In our
case, the amount of residual magnetization left in the core.
High-remanence CT
The high-remanence type has no given limit for the remanent flux. The CT has a magnetic core without any
air gaps and the remanent flux is very high. The remanent flux can be up to 70-80% of the saturation flux.
Examples of high-remanent type CTs are:
• IEC60044-1 classes P, PX
• IEC60044-6 classes TPS and TPX
Low-remanence CT
The low-remanence type has a specified limit for the remanent flux. The magnetic core is provided with
small air gaps to reduce the remanent flux to a level that does not exceed 10% of the saturation flux.
Examples of low-remanent type CTs are:
• IEC60044-1 class PR
• IEC 60044-6 class TPY
Non-remanence CT
The non-remanence type has a negligible level of remanent flux. The magnetic core has relatively large air
gaps, which reduce the remanent flux to practically zero level. An example of a non-remanent type CT is:
• IEC 60044-6 class TPZ

IEC 60044-1 and IEEE C57.13 specify the behavior of inductive current transformers for steady state
symmetrical AC currents. The more recent standard IEC 60044-6 specifies the performance of inductive
current transformers (classes TPX, TPY and TPZ) for currents containing exponentially decaying DC
components.
2.2 IEC 60044-1 STANDARD

The IEC60044-1 standard defines class P and class PX current transformers.
2.2.1 CLASS P CTS

Class P CTs are high remanence types, typically used for general applications, such as overcurrent
protection. What happens after the relay has been tripped is of no consequence, so there is no point in
having a secondary accuracy limit greatly in excess of the value needed to cause operation. A rated
accuracy limit of 5 is therefore usually adequate (Secondary current accurately reflects primary current for
primary currents of 5 times greater than its rating).
When protection units (such as instantaneous ‘high set’ overcurrent relays) are set to operate at high values
of overcurrent (say 5 to 15 times the rated current of the transformer), the accuracy limit factor must be at
least as high as the value of the setting current used in order to ensure fast protection operation.
Rated output burdens higher than 15VA and rated accuracy limit factors higher than 10 are not
recommended for general purposes. It is possible, however, to combine a higher rated accuracy limit factor

with a lower rated output and vice versa. When the product of these two exceeds 150, the resulting current
transformer may be uneconomical or unduly large.
Class P CTs are defined such that the current, phase and composite errors do not exceed the values given
in Table 1, at the rated frequency and burden.
Composite Error at Rated
Accuracy Current Error at Rated Phase Displacement at Rated Primary
Accuracy Limit Primary
Class Primary Current Current
Current
5P ±1% ±60 minutes (±0.018 radians) 5%
10P ±3% ±60 minutes (±0.018 radians) 10%
Table 1: Errors v accuracy class for class P CTs
2.2.2 CLASS PX
Class PX CTs are typically used for high impedance circulating current protection. They are also suitable for
most other protection applications.
Class PX CTs have high remanence and low leakage reactance. To assess their performance in relation to
the protection unit in which they are to be used, you only need knowledge of:
• the transformer secondary excitation characteristic

• the secondary winding resistance
• the secondary burden resistance
• the turns ratio
Class PX is the IEC 60044-1 definition for quasi-transient current transformers, formerly covered by BS 3938
class X.
2.3 IEC 60044-6 STANDARD

The IEC60044-6 standard defines current transformers in the classes TPS, TPX, TPY and TPZ.
2.3.1 CLASS TPS

Class TPS CTs are high remanence types. They are typically used for high impedance circulating current
protection, and are generally applied to unit systems where the balancing of outputs from each end of the
protected plant is vital.
This balance, or stability during through-fault conditions, is essentially of a transient nature and thus the
extent of the unsaturated (or linear) zones is of paramount importance. Using heavy current test results, it is
normal to derive a formula stating the lowest permissible value of Vk for stable operation to be guaranteed.
IEC 60044-6 defines the performance of low secondary reactance, TPS class current transformers for
transient performance. They are specified in terms of each of the following characteristics:
• Rated primary current

• Turns ratio (the error in turns ratio cannot exceed ±0.25%)
• Secondary limiting voltage
• Resistance of secondary winding
2.3.2 CLASS TPX

The basic characteristics for class TPX current transformers are generally similar to those of class TPS
current transformers except for the different error limits prescribed and possible influencing effects which
may necessitate a physically larger construction. Class TPX CTs have no air gaps in the core and therefore

a high remanence factor (70-80% remanent flux). The accuracy limit is defined by the peak instantaneous
error during the specified transient duty cycle.
Class TPX CTs are typically used for line protection.
2.3.3 CLASS TPY

Class TPY CTs have a specified limit for the remanent flux. The magnetic core is provided with small air
gaps to reduce the remanent flux to a level that does not exceed 10% of the saturation flux. They have a
higher error in current measurement than TPX during unsaturated operation and the accuracy limit is defined
by peak instantaneous error during the specified transient duty cycle.
Class TPY CTs are typically used for line protection with auto-reclose function.
2.3.4 CLASS TPZ

For class TPZ CTs the remanent flux is negligible due to large air gaps in the core. These air gaps also
minimize the influence of the DC component from the primary fault current, but reduce the measuring
accuracy in the unsaturated (linear) region of operation. The accuracy limit is defined by the peak
instantaneous alternating current component error during a single excitation, with maximum DC offset at a
specified secondary loop time constant.
Class TPZ CTs are typically used for special applications such as differential protection of large generators.

3 DS AGILE C26X FEEDER MANAGEMENT SOLUTION
3.1 DS AGILE C26X FEATURES

Optimized for HV and MV IEC 61850-8-1 Digital Control Solutions, the DS Agile C26x combines powerful I/O
management, Ethernet communication capabilities and fast automation schemes with an independent
dedicated Feeder Protection module.
The DS Agile C26x is the ultimate solution for your electrical asset optimisation and quality improvement in
an evolving environment. The DS Agile C26x takes directly benefits from the engineering flexible tools and
maintenance applications.
DS Agile C26x supports the following protection functions:
• Phase & earth Overcurrent (50/51, 50N/51N),

• Phase & earth Directional Overcurrent (67, 67N),
• Wattmetric (32N),
• Negative sequence overcurrent (46).
• Undercurrent (37),
• Undervoltage (27) and Over-voltage (59) and residual Over-voltage (59N)
• Over and Under-frequency (81O/81U),
• Rate of frequency change (81R)
• Thermal overload (49)
• Breaker failure (50BF)
3.2 BURDENS
CT Input In CT Burden
Phase 1A < 0.1 VA at In
Earth 1A < 0.005 VA at 0.1In
Phase 5A < 0.25 VA at In
Earth 5A < 0.01 VA at 0.1In
Table 1: Current circuit for C26x
Vn VT Burden
57 - 130V 0.08 VA at 57 V
57 - 130V 0.4 VA at 130 V
57 - 130V 1.5 VA at 260 V
Table 2: Voltage circuit for C26x
Relay Case Size Nominal Burden* Maximum Burden

C26x Size 40TE/80TE < 15W < 40W
C26x Additional Board DIU < 0.1 W <1W
DOU (10 Relays) 0.25 W 2 W (Max 10 relays)
CCU (DI&DO) 0.4 W 1.4 W ( 4 Relays)
AIU (Analog Input) 1.1 W 1.1 W

Relay Case Size Nominal Burden* Maximum Burden

AOU (Analog Output) 0.5 W 0.5 W
SW Switch Ethernet 4W 4W
SRP 6W 6W
Table 3: Auxiliary supply and boards burden for C26x
* Typical minimum burden with no opto-inputs or output contacts energized.

Additional Burden Inputs Voltage Burden
Per energized opto-input 12 V 0.12 W/Input
Per energized output contact 0.25 W

Table 4: Additional burdens for C26x
3.3 CURRENT TRANSFORMER REQUIREMENTS

The current transformer requirements are based on a maximum fault current of 40 x In and the relay having
an instantaneous setting of 20 x In. These CT requirements are designed to provide operation of all
protection elements.
Accuracy Limit Factor Limiting Lead
Nominal Rating Nominal Output Accuracy Class
(ALF) Resistance
1A 2.5 VA 10P* 20 1.30
5A 7.5 VA 10P* 20 0.11
Note: If a better accuracy than 10P20 is requested, the internal DS Agile C26x CT inputs are able to support CT :
5P20 .
Table 5: CT Specification for C26x
Where the criteria (for a specific application) are in excess of those detailed above, or the actual lead
resistance exceeds the limiting values, the CT requirements may need to be increased according to the
formulae in the following sections. For specific applications such as SEF, refer to the sections below for CT
accuracy class and knee-point voltage requirements as appropriate.
3.4 PROTECTION
Protection type Knee-point voltage
Non-directional/directional DT/IDMT overcurrent and earth fault protection
Time-delayed phase overcurrent Vk ≥

I fp
(R ct + Rl + Rrp )
2
Time-delayed earth fault overcurrent Vk ≥

I fn
(R ct + 2 Rl + Rrp + Rrn )
2
Non-directional instantaneous overcurrent and earth fault protection

Protection type Knee-point voltage
Instantaneous phase overcurrent Vk ≥ I sp (Rct + Rl + Rrp )
Instantaneous earth fault overcurrent Vk ≥

I fn
2
Directional instantaneous overcurrent and earth fault protection
Instantaneous phase overcurrent Vk ≥

I fp
(R ct + Rl + Rrp )
2
Instantaneous earth fault overcurrent Vk ≥

I fn
2
Non-directional/directional DT/IDMT SEF protection - residual CT connection
Non-directional time-delayed SEF Vk ≥

I fn
2
Directional time-delayed SEF Vk ≥

I fn
2
Non-directional instantaneous SEF Vk ≥ I sn (Rct + 2 Rl + Rrp + Rn )
Directional instantaneous SEF Vk ≥

I fn
2
Non-directional/directional DT/IDMT SEF protection - core-balance CT connection
Core-balance current transformers of metering class accuracy are required and should have a limiting secondary
voltage satisfying the formulae given below:
Non-directional time-delayed SEF Vk ≥

I fn
(R ct + Rl + Rrp )
2
Directional time-delayed SEF Vk ≥

I fn
(R ct + Rl + Rrp )
2
Non-directional instantaneous SEF Vk ≥ I sn (Rct + 2 Rl + Rrn )
Directional instantaneous SEF Vk ≥

I fn
(R ct + Rl + Rrp )
2
Table 6: Knee-point voltages for C26x

APPENDIX A: CONVERTING TO A LIMITING SECONDARY VOLTAGE
The suitability of a standard protection current transformer can be checked against the limiting secondary
voltage requirements, specified in this document.
An estimated limiting secondary voltage can be obtained as follows:
VA × ALF
Vk ≥ + ( ALF × I n Rct )
In
If Rct is not available, then the second term in the above equation can be ignored as it typically only adds a
small amount to the estimated secondary limiting voltage.
To ensure that the current transformer has a high enough rating for the relay’s burden it is necessary to work
out the current transformer’s continuous VA rating using the following formula:
VAct > I n (Rl + Rr )

2
Example 1:
An estimate of the secondary limiting voltage of a 400/5 A current transformer of class 5P 10 with a rated
output burden of 15 VA and a secondary winding resistance of 0.2 Ω will be:
15 × 10
Vk ≈ + 10 × 5 × 0.2 = 40V
5
Example 2:
For a particular application of a 1 A DS Agile C26x it is required to determine the most appropriate class P
current transformer to be used. The secondary limiting voltage required has been calculated at 87.3 V using
a current transformer secondary winding resistance of 2 Ω.
The current transformer rated output burden must be:
VAct > I n (Rl Rr )

2
VAct ≥ 12 × (1 + 0.025) = 1.025 VA

The nearest rating above this will be 2.5 VA.
The accuracy limit factor required can be determined by:
VA × ALF
Vk = + ALF ×I nRct
In
2.5 × ALF
87.3 = + ALF × 1× 2 = 4.5 × ALF
1
∴ ALF = 19.4
The nearest accuracy limit factor above 19.4 is 20.

Therefore the current transformer required to supply the DS Agile C26x will be a 2.5 VA 10P 20. (i.e. 2.5 VA
is the rated burden, 10 (%): nominal accuracy class, 20 is the ALF).

APPENDIX B: CONVERTING TO IEEE STANDARD VOLTAGE RATING
The DS Agile C26x are compatible with ANSI/IEEE CTs as specified in the IEEE C57.13 standard. The
applicable class for protection is class "C", which specifies a non air-gapped core. The CT design is identical
to the IEC class P but the rating is specified differently.
The IEEE C class standard voltage rating required will be lower than an IEC knee-point voltage. This is
because the IEEE voltage rating is defined in terms of useful output voltage at the terminals of the CT,
whereas the IEC knee-point voltage includes the voltage drop across the internal resistance of the CT
secondary winding added to the useful output. The IEC knee-point is also typically 5% higher than the IEEE
knee-point.
Where IEEE standards are used to specify CTs, the C class voltage rating can be checked to determine the
equivalent knee-point voltage (Vk) according to IEC. The equivalence formula is:
Vk = 1.05C + K ssc I n Rct
Vk = 1.05C + 100 Rct
Note:
IEEE CTs are always 5A secondary rated, i.e. In =5A, and are defined with an accuracy limit factor of 20, i.e. Kssc
=20.
The following table allows C57.13 ratings to be converted to a typical IEC knee-point voltage:
CT Ratio Rct* Vk - C50 Vk - C100 Vk - C200 Vk-- C400 Vk - C800
100/5 0.04 56.5 V 109 V 214 V 424 V 844 V
200/5 0.08 60.5 V 113 V 218 V 428 V 848 V
400/5 0.16 68.5 V 121 V 226 V 436 V 856 V
800/5 0.32 84.5 V 137 V 242 V 452 V 872 V
1000/5 0.40 92.5 V 145 V 250 V 460 V 880 V
1500/5 0.60 112.5 V 165 V 270 V 480 V 900 V
2000/5 0.80 132.5 V 185 V 290 V 500 V 920 V
3000/5 1.20 172.5 V 225 V 330 V 540 V 960 V
Table 7: C57.13 ratings
* Assuming 0.002 ohms per turn typical secondary winding resistance for 5A CTs.

APPENDIX C: USE OF METROSIL NON-LINEAR RESISTORS
“Metrosils” (non-linear resistors) are used to limit the peak voltage developed by the current transformers
under internal fault conditions, to a value below the insulation level of the current transformers, relay and
interconnecting leads, which are normally able to withstand 3000V peak.
The following formulae should be used to estimate the peak transient voltage (Vp) that could be produced for
an internal fault. The peak voltage produced during an internal fault will be a function of the current
transformer knee-point voltage and the prospective voltage (Vf) that would be produced for an internal fault if
current transformer saturation did not occur.
V p = 2 2Vk (V f −Vk )
V f = I ' f (Rct + 2 Rl + Rs )
When the value given by the formulae is greater than 3000V peak, Metrosils should be applied. They are
connected across the relay circuit and serve the purpose of shunting the secondary current output of the
current transformer from the relay in order to prevent very high secondary voltages.
Metrosils are externally mounted and take the form of annular discs. Their operating characteristics follow
the expression:
V = CI 0.25
where:
V = Instantaneous voltage applied to the Metrosil
C = Characteristic constant of the Metrosil
I = Instantaneous current through the Metrosil

With a sinusoidal voltage applied across the Metrosil, the rms current would be approximately 0.52 times the
peak current. This current value can be calculated as follows:
4
⎛ 2Vsin( rms ) ⎞
I rms = 0.52⎜ ⎟
⎜ C ⎟
⎝ ⎠
Where
Vsin(rms) = rms value of the sinusoidal voltage applied across the Metrosil.
This is due to the fact that the current waveform through the metrosil is not sinusoidal but appreciably
distorted.
For satisfactory application of a Metrosil, it's characteristic should be such that it complies with the following
requirements:
At the relay voltage setting, the Metrosil current should be as low as possible, and no greater than ≈
30 mArms for 1 A CTs and ≈ 100 mArms for 5 A CTs.
At the maximum secondary current, the Metrosil should limit the voltage to 1500Vrms or 2120 V peak for
0.25 s. At higher relay voltage settings, it is not always possible to limit the fault voltage to 1500 Vrms, so
higher fault voltages may have to be tolerated.
The following tables show the typical Metrosil types that will be required, depending on relay current rating,
REF voltage setting etc.

Metrosil units for relays using 1 A CTs

The Metrosil units for 1 A CTs have been designed to comply with the following restrictions:
At the relay voltage setting, the Metrosil current should be less than 30 mArms.
At the maximum secondary internal fault current the Metrosil should limit the voltage to 1500 Vrms if possible.
The Metrosil units normally recommended for use with 1 A CTs are as shown in the following table:
Nominal
Recommended Metrosil Type
C26x Voltage Setting Characteristic
C β Single Pole Relay Triple Pole Relay
Up to 125 Vrms 450 0.25 600A/S1/S256 600A/S3/1/S802
125 - 300 Vrms 900 0.25 600A/S1/S1088 600A/S3/1/S1195
Table 8: Metrosil units
Note:
Single pole Metrosil units are normally supplied without mounting brackets unless otherwise specified by the customer.
Metrosil units for relays using 5 A CTs

These Metrosil units have been designed to comply with the following requirements:
At the relay voltage setting, the Metrosil current should be less than 100 mArms (the actual maximum currents
passed by the units is shown below their type description).
At the maximum secondary internal fault current the Metrosil unit should limit the voltage to 1500 Vrms for
0.25 s. At the higher relay settings, it is not possible to limit the fault voltage to 1500 Vrms hence higher fault
voltages have to be tolerated (indicated by *, **, ***).
The Metrosil units normally recommended for use with 5 A CTs and single pole relays are as shown in the
following table:
Recommended Metrosil Type
Secondary Internal
C26x Voltage Setting
Fault Current
Up to 200Vrms 250Vrms 275Vrms 300Vrms
600A/S1/S1213 600A/S1/S1214 600A/S1/S1214 600A/S1/S1223
50 Arms C = 540/640 C = 670/800 C = 670/800 C = 740/870*
35 mArms 40 mArms 50 mArms 50 mArms
600A/S2/P/S1217 C = 600A/S2/P/S1215 C = 600A/S2/P/S1215 C = 600A/S2/P/S1196 C =
100 Arms 470/540 570/670 570/670 620/740*
600A/S3/P/S1219 C = 600A/S3/P/S1220 C = 600A/S3/P/S1221C = 600A/S3/P/S1222C =
150 Arms 430/500 520/620 570/670** 620/740***
Table 9: Metrosil units for 5A CTs
* 2400V peak, ** 2200V peak, *** 2600V peak

In some situations single disc assemblies may be acceptable. Metrosil units for higher relay voltage settings
and fault currents can also be supplied if required. Contact Alstom for detailed applications.
Note:
The Metrosil unit recommended for use with 5A CTs can also be applied for use with triple pole relays and consist of
three single pole units mounted on the same central stud but electrically insulated from each other. To order these
units please specify "Triple pole Metrosil type", followed by the single pole type reference.


GLOSSARY
C26X/EN LX/C57A
DS Agile C26x Glossary
Term/Acronym Description
100Base Fx Fiber optic ports are full/half duplex at 100 Mbps only.
The copper ports are full/half duplex and auto-sense the transmission speed. They will auto-
10Base Tx and negotiate with the connected device to determinate the optimal speed. When the connected
100Base TX device is only capable of transmitting at 10 Mbps, the Ethernet switch unit or board follows
10 Mbps.
BRCB Buffered Report Control Block
LPHD Logical node PHysical Device
URCB Unbuffered Report Control Block
A/D Analog/Digital
A/R Auto-Reclose(r)
Abstract Communication Service Interface
ACSI Mapping from standard IEC 61850 abstract specification of a communication service to a
concrete communication infrastructure based on the CORBA standard.
ADC Analog to Digital Converter
AE qualifier Application Entity qualifier (Used internally by IEC 61850 to identify a server Application)
Analogue Input (Measurement Value including state attribute)
AI Usually voltage or current DC signals delivered by transducers, and representing an external
value (refer to CT/VT for AC).
AIS Air Insulated Substation
Analogue Input Unit
AIU
C26x controller's board for DC analogue inputs
Alarm An alarm is any event set as alarmed during the configuration process
Analogue Merging Unit
Interface device which acquires analogue signals from conventional CTs and VTs and
AMU performs digital signal processing to generate and distribute output sampled value streams
according to IEC 61850-9-2LE standardised definitions for communication with substation IEDs
and controllers
Analogue Output
AO
Value corresponding to a desired output current applied to a DAC
AOU Analogue Output Unit (C26x controller's board for analogue outputs)
ApccI Accumulator Input
API Application Programming Interfaces
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Application Specific Data Unit
ASDU
Name given in the OSI protocol for applicative data (T101, T103, T104)
Automatic Tap Change Control
ATCC
Automation of secondary voltage regulation, more specific than AVR
Automatic Voltage Regulator
AVR Automation used to regulate secondary voltage using an automatic tap change control (see
ATCC). A set of features can be added, see C26x/EN FT
Set of LV, MV or HV apparatus (switching devices and transformers) and IEDs (Protection,
Bay
Measurement…) usually built around a Circuit Breaker and controlled by a Bay Controller Unit.
Binary Coded Decimal
C26x-supported coding on a set of Digital Inputs that determines a Digital Measurement, then
BCD
a Measurement value (with a specific invalid code when coding is not valid). Each decimal digit
is coded over 4 binary digits.
Bay Control Point
BCP Name given to the device or part used to control a bay. It can be a Mosaic Panel, a C26x unit's
LCD,… Usually associated with Remote/Local control.
C26x/EN LX/C57a LX-1

Glossary DS Agile C26x
Bay Control Unit
BCU
Name given to the C26x that manages a bay. Usually as opposed to “Standalone” (RTU).
BGD BackGrounD scan (low priority scan of status in T101/T104)
Binary Input (or Information)
BI Name given in the C26x controller to information that has already been filtered, before it
becomes an SPS, DPS… with time tag and quality attributes.
Basic Interface Unit
BIU
C26x controller's board for auxiliary power supply, watchdog relay, redundancy I/O.
BNC Bayonet Neill–Concelman: RF connector for coaxial cables.
Category 5 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling. An Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbps
(10BASE-T) will often tolerate low quality cables, but at 100 Mbps (10BASE-Tx) the cable must
be rated as Category 5, or Cat 5 or Cat V, by the Electronic Industry Association (EIA). This
Cat. 5
rating will be printed on the cable jacket. Cat. 5 cable contains eight conductors, arranged in
four twisted pairs, and is terminated with an RJ45 type connector. In addition, there are
restrictions on the maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbps networks.
Circuit Breaker
CB Specific dipole switch with capability to make line current and break fault current. Some have
isolation capability (nominal earth on each side)
Compact Bay Controller, small capacity Bay Controller Unit for Medium Voltage applications,
CBC
typically C26x in 40TE case
Complemented Contact
CC A double counter is acquired from two contacts. One is called the true contact (TC), the other is
the complemented contact (CC). Normally these contacts have complementary states.
Circuit breaker Control Unit
CCU
C26x controller's board dedicated to switch control with 8 DIs, and 4 DOs
Conceptual Data Modeling
Modeling of system/device data using a hierarchy of structured data (called object of class)
CDM
with their attributes, method or properties and the relations between them. It maps common
data to devices or components of devices, with a guaranty of interoperability.
Defined in IEC 61850 as the description of a set of objects that share the same attributes,
Class
services, relationships, and semantics.
Defined in IEC 61850 as an entity that requests a service from a server and that receives
Client
unsolicited messages from a server.
Cluster Pair of two redundant controllers or computers
CMT Controller Management Tool
CO Command, logic information Output (Functional Component) / Contact Open
COMTRADE COMmon format for TRAnsient Data Exchange (IEC 60255-24 international standard)
Central Processing Unit
CPU
C26x controller's main board, based on a PowerPC micro-processor.
Cyclic Redundancy Check
CRC Coding result send with packet of transmitted data to guarantee their integrity. Usually the
result of a division of data transmitted using a polynomial code.
Character Separate Values
CSV
ASCII values separated by a predefined character or string as in Excel or Comtrade ASCII.
Current Transformer
Basically the device connected to the electrical process used to extract a current
CT
measurement. By extension part of a device (C26x) that receives AC values and converts it to
a numerical measurement value.
CT/VT Current and Voltage transformers
conventional By extension, it is the C26x controller's TMU board.
DAC Data Acquisition component of the GPT
Digital to Analogue Converter
DAC
Used to generate analogue signals (usually DC) from a digital value.
LX-2 C26x/EN LX/C57a

Double Attached Node implementing PRP (defined by IEC 62439-3)
DANP
Such an IED sends the messages over two separate networks.
DataBase
Tool or set of data that define all the configuration of a system or specific device such as a
DB
substation computer or bay controller. Contrary to setting parameters, a DB has a structure
that cannot be modified on-line. DBs are always versioned.
DB-9 A 9-pin family of plugs and sockets widely used in communications and computer devices.
Don’t Believe It
DBI Term used to describe the undefined state of a double point when its inputs are not
complementary. DBI00 is state motion or jammed. DBI11 is undefined.
DBID Database Identity Brick
External master clock and protocol transmission
DCF77 LF transmitter located at Mainflingen, Germany, about 25 km south-east of Frankfurt ,
broadcasting legal time on a 77.5 kHz standard frequency.
DCO Double Control Output
Device Control Point
DCP
Located at device level (electric device or IED). It should have its own Remote/Local switch.
Digital Control System
DCS Generic name of system based on numeric communication and devices, to be opposed to
traditional electrically wired control.
Double CounTer
DCT Counter based on 2 DIs with complementary states (counting switchgear operations for
example).
DE Direct Execute
DELTA MV Phase–phase analogue values received from the "delta" winding connections of a transformer.
DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
Digital Input
DI Binary information related to the presence or to the absence of an external signal, delivered by
a voltage source.
DC Input Unit
DIU
C26x controller's board hosting digital inputs
Dynamic Link Library. Available with Windows XP. Feature allowing executable code modules
to be loaded on demand and linked at run time. This enables the library-code fields to be
DLL
updated automatically, transparent to applications, and unloaded when they are no longer
needed.
Digital Measurement
DM
Measurement value acquired from DIs with a specific encoding: BCD, Gray, 1 among N…
Distributed Network Protocol
DNP3.0 DNP3 is a set of communication protocols used between components in process automation
systems.
Digital Output
DO Used to apply a voltage to an external device via a relay, in order to execute single or dual,
transient or permanent commands.
Degree Of Freedom
DOF Used for a template attribute, that can be modified or not when used. An attri-bute has a
degree of freedom if a user can modify the values of its instances.
Digital Output Unit
DOU
C26x controller's board hosting digital outputs.
DP Data Point, low-level object in the structure, wired or not, with or without links
Double (Point) Control
DPC Two digit and/or relays outputs with complementary states (OPEN, CLOSE) used for device
control.
DPC Double Point Control, control sent over 2 digital outputs.

Double Point Status, information derived from 2 digital inputs
DPS
Usually used for Position indication of switching devices (OPEN, CLOSE).
Extended Communication Unit
ECU External module connected to the CPU board. This module converts non-insulated RS232
signals into optical or insulated RS485/RS422 signals.
Transmission protocol dedicated to time synchronisation and standardised by EDF.
EH90
Specification document: D.652/90-26c, March 1991.
"Ensemble de Protection Ampèremétrique de Terre Résistante" (French legacy very resistive
EPATR
earth current module).
EQL Equation Logic, especially for interlocking.
An event is a time-stamped change of state/value acquired or transmitted by a digital control
Event
system.
Fast Ethernet An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100 Mbps.
Factory Acceptance Test
FAT
Validation procedures executed with the customer at the factory.(i.e. SAT)
Functional Block Diagram
FBD One of the IEC 61131-3 programming languages (language used to define configurable
automations).
FIFO First In First Out
FLS Fast Load Shedding
FO Fibre Optic
FP Front Panel
FSS Force Suppress Substitute
FTP Foil Twisted Pair
Level 6 session of OSI, the gateway can be any device transferring data between different
networks and/or protocols. The RTU function of the C26x behaves like a gateway at the
Gateway
SCADA or RCP level. The DS Agile Gateway is a separate PC-based application dedicated to
this function.
Graphic Human interface Unit
GHU
C26x controller's front panel interface (LCD, buttons, front RS port)
GIS Gas Insulated Substation
GIS-Watch Monitoring and control device for GIS substations
GLOBE GLOBE hard-coded brick used in DS Agile IEC 61850 mapping for C26x mode management
GMT Greenwich Mean Time, former absolute time reference. Replaced by UTC.
GOOSE Generic Object Oriented Substation Event
Global Positioning System
GPS Based on triangulation from satellite signal, that transmit also absolute GMT time used to
synchronise a master clock.
GPT Generic Protocol Translator software, supplied by ASE
Group Logical combination of BIs (i.e. SP, DP, SI or other groups)
GSSE Generic Substation Status Event
A system that allows packets to transmitted and received, but not at the same time. Contrasts
Half-duplex
with full-duplex.
Facility for an operator to set manually the position of a device (acquired by other means) from
Hand Dressing the HMI at SCP level; e.g. from OPEN to CLOSE (without any impact on the “physical” position
of the electrical switching device).
HMGA Horizontal Measurement Graphical Area
Human Machine Interface
HMI Can be DS Agile OI (Operator Interface) or C26x LCD (Local Control Display) or LEDs,
Mosaic...

HSR High Speed auto-Reclose, i.e. first shot of an AR cycle
Hyper Text Mark-up Language
HTML
Used as standard for formatting web display.
HV High Voltage (for example 30 kV to 150 kV)
I/O Input/Output
ICD IED Capability Description
IEC International Electro-technical Commission
Intelligent Electronic Device
IED Global term covering a whole range of microprocessor-based products capable of data
collection and information processing.
Inter-Range Instrumentation Group standard format B. This is an international standard for
IRIG-B
time-synchronisation based on an analogue signal.
Invalid state of a Double Point:
JAMMED Occurs when the 2 associated digital inputs are still in state 0 after a user- settable time-delay,
i.e. when the transient state “motion” is considered as ended.
Kbus (Kbus Courier) Term used to designate the Courier protocol on a K-Bus network (similar to RS422)
L/R Local / Remote
When set to local for a given control point it means that the commands can be issued from that
L/R Control Mode
point, else in remote control are issued for upper devices.
Legacy Bus
Generic name of Legacy or field networks and protocols used to communicate between C26x
L-BUS
(Legacy Gateway function) and IED on field bus. Networks are based on (RS232,) 422, 485.
Protocols are IEC 60850-5-103 (T103 or VDEW), Modbus.
LC Fibre optic snap-on connector, IEC 61754-20-compliant, for high density connection.
LCD Liquid Crystal Display on the C26x front panel HMI
Ladder Diagram, one of the IEC 1131-3 programming languages (language used to define
LD
configurable automations).
Logical Device, defined in IEC 61850 as: An entity that represents a set of typical substation
LD
functions.
LHMI Front panel Local HMI
Logical Node
LN
Defined in IEC 61850 as an entity that represents a typical substation function.
LOC Local Operator Console, dedicated to maintenance operations
LSB Least Significant Bit
LSP Load Shedding Pre-selection
LV Low Voltage
The Media Access Control address is a unique 48-bit hardware address assigned to every
MAC address
network interface card. Usually written in the form 01:23:45:67:89:ab
MC Modular Controller
Miniature Circuit Breaker. In the SCE configuration, its position is associated with the tap
MCB
changer.
Management Data Input/Output
MDIO
A standard driven, dedicated-bus approach that is specified in IEEE802.3
MEAS Values acquired through digital or analogue inputs (with value, state, and time stamp)
Metering Values computed depending on the values of digital or analogue inputs during variable periods
(non-tariff) of time (time integration).
Values computed depending on the values of digital or analogue inputs during variable periods
Metering
and dedicated to energy tariff metering. These values are provided by dedicated “tariff
(tariff)
computers” which are external to the control system.
MIDOS connector Alstom 28-pin terminal block used for CT/VT acquisition

MMS Manufacturing Message Specification (ISO 9506)
Communication protocol used on secondary networks with IEDs or with a SCADA RCP. There
Modbus
are 2 versions: standard MODICON and Alstom.
Term used in DS Agile SCE to encompass all electrical HV devices: switchgear, transformers,
Module
motors, generators, capacitors, …
Transient state of a Double Point
Occurs when the two associated digital inputs are momentarily in state 0 (e.g. position
MOTION
indication when a switching device is operating). The acceptable duration of the transient state
is user-settable.
MPC Protection Module for Controller
Merging Unit
Interface device which takes signals from the instrument transformer sensors and performs
MU digital signal processing to generate and distribute output sampled value streams according to
IEC 61850-9-2LE standardised definitions for communication with substation IEDs and
controllers.
MV Medium Voltage or Measurement Value
MVAR Mega Volt Ampere Reactive
NBB Numerical BusBar protection
NC Normally Closed (for a relay/contact)
Non-Conventional Instrument Transformers
New generation of captor-based, for example using light diffraction under an electric field,
NCIT
CT/VTs, without spires, that provide direct voltage and current numerical values to the
communicating IEDs.
NO Normally Open (for a relay/contact)
One Box Solution
Controller that provides protection & control functions with local HMI. Mainly intended for use in
OBS substations up to distribution voltage levels, although it may also be used as backup protection
in transmission substation. Likewise the OBS may be applied to the MV part of a HV substation
that is being controlled by the same substation control system.
OI Operator Interface
Object Linking and Embedding
OLE
OLE is a Microsoft specification and defines standards for interfacing objects.
OMM Operating Mode Management
OLE for Process Control
OPC OPC is a registered trademark of Microsoft, and is designed to be a method to allow business
management access to plant floor data in a consistent manner.
Sum of time periods under which a primary device is running whilst carrying energy, e.g. circuit
Operation hours
breaker is in Close state and the current is not null.
Open System Interconnection
OSI ISO standard that splits and defines communication in 7 layers : physical, link, network,
transport, session, presentation, application.
OWS Operator WorkStation (DS Agile OI)
OSI Physical Layer: The physical layer provides for transmission of cells over a physical
PHY
medium.
Programmable Logic Control: Includes PSL and ISaGRAF
PLC Within the PLC-programs are defined the configurable control sequences or automations used
by DS Agile IEDs and Gateway (ISaGRAF only).
PPC Power PC, chip on the CPU270 board (MPC8270VR)
PRP Parallel Redundancy Protocol (defined in IEC 62439-3:2010)
PSL Programmable Scheme Logic
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

Remote Control Centre: computer or system that is not part of the substation control system.
RCC
RCC communicates with and supervises the DS Agile system using a protocol.
Remote Control Point
Name given to the device or part used to remotely control several bays or substations. Usually
RCP
associated with Remote/Local substation control. It is a SCADA interface managed through the
Telecontrol BUS. Several RCPs can be managed with different protocols.
RedBox PRP Redundancy Box
When set for a control point it means that the commands are issued from an upper level and
Remote Control Mode
are not allowed from that point.
Remote HMI is a client of the substation HMI server. The client may provide all or part of
Remote HMI
functions handled by the substation HMI.
Read Inhibit, output that indicates the availability of an analogue output (e.g. during DAC
RI
processing time).
Registered Jack-45
RJ-45
An 8-pin female connector for 10/100 Base-T Ethernet networks.
Root Mean Square
RMS
Average value of a sinusoid that is used for calculations.
Short for remote monitoring, a network management protocol that allows network information
to be gathered at a single workstation. Whereas SNMP gathers network data from a single
type of Management Information Base (MIB), RMON 1 defines nine additional MIBs that
RMON provide a much richer set of data about network usage. For RMON to work, network devices,
such as hubs and switches, must be designed to support it. The newest version of RMON,
RMON 2, provides data about traffic at the network layer in addition to the physical layer. This
allows administrators to analyze traffic by protocol.
Recommended Standard 232
RS-232
A standard for serial transmission between computers and peripheral devices.
Standard for serial interfaces that extends distances and speeds beyond RS-232 capability.
RS-422
Intended for use in multipoint lines.
Standard for serial multipoint communication lines. RS485 allows more nodes per line than
RS-485
RS422
Régime Spécial d’Exploitation
RSE
French grid function to indicate that there are works in progress on an HV feeder.
RSVC Relocatable Static Var Compensator.
RTC Real Time Clock
Remote Terminal Unit
RTU Standalone controller that acquires data and transmits it to RCP or SCADA. Typically it is the
C26x-Standalone. The RTU is attached to the T-BUS.
Single Attached Node (defined by IEC 62439-3). Unlike DANP, such an IED requires a
SAN
REDundancy Box to send the messages over two separate networks.
SAN Singly Attached Node (PRP unaware)
Site Acceptance Test
SAT
Validation procedures performed on site with the customer.
Site-Based Maintenance Control mode
A bay in SBMC mode does not take into account the commands issued from the RCP;
SBMC
moreover, some of its digital points and measurements (defined during the configuration
process) are no longer sent to the RCP (they are “automatically” suppressed).
Select Before Operate
Control made of two steps, selection and execution. The selection step returns a feedback. It
SBO can be used to select a circuit before execution of the command. Commands are included in a
protocol frame between the Operator Interface and the BCU and sent over wired outputs to the
switching device (e.g. DO select with DI Select, then DO execute).
S-BUS Station Bus, federal network between DS Agile devices.
SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, equivalent to RCC.

scd Description file extension (in SCE)
SCE System Configuration Editor
SCL System Configuration Language (IEC 61850-6) for substation automation
Substation Control Point
Name given to the device or part used to control locally several bays or substations. Usually
SCP
associated with Remote/Local substation control. It normally refers to DS Agile’s Operator
Interface.
SCS Substation Control System
SCSM Specific Communication Service Mapping
SCT Single Counter
Sequence of Event Recorder: combines SOE with accurate Time synchronisation and
SER
Maintenance facilities over Ethernet communications.
Defined in IEC 61850 as an entity that provides services to clients or issues unsolicited
Server
messages.
Analogue setpoints are analogue outputs delivered as current loops. Used to send instruction
Setpoints (analogue)
values to the process or auxiliary device.
Digital values sent on multiple parallel wired outputs. Each wired output represent one bit of the
Setpoints (digital) value. Digital setpoints are used to send instruction values to the electrical process or to
auxiliary devices.
Sequential Function Chart
SFC
IEC 61131-3 programming language (used to define configurable automation)
Small Form-factor Pluggable transceiver
SFP Hot-pluggable transceiver used for both telecommunication and data communications
applications.
Single Input or System Indication:
Binary information that does not come from an external interface, but is related to an internal
SI
state of the controller (time status, hardware faults…) or the result of an inner function (AR, …)
PSL or ISaGRAF.
SIG Status Input Group (idem MPS)
SINAD Signal-plus-Noise-plus-Distorsion to Noise-plus-Distorsion ratio, in dB
SIT Status Input Double Bit (idem DPS)
Simple Network Management Protocol: protocol governing network management and
SNMP
monitoring of network devices and their functions.
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SOE Sequence Of Events, i.e. the event list
SP Single Point
SPS Single Point Status
SPC Single Point Control
SPI Step Point Indication (same as TPI)
Switch Redundancy Protocol, PRP Ethernet switch board fitted in H38x Ethernet switch and in
SRP
C26x BCU.
Structured Text
ST
An IEC 61131-3 programming language to define configurable automation.
STP Shielded Twisted Pair.
Substation controller Bay controller used at substation level
Suppression A binary information belonging to a bay in SBMC mode is automatically suppressed for the
(Automatic) remote controller. However changes of state are indicated locally, at SCP level.
A binary information can be suppressed by a command issued by an operator. No subsequent
Suppression (Manual) change of state on a “suppressed information” can trigger any action such as display, alarm or
transmission.

SWitch for Dual homing
SWD
C26x controller's board acting as an Ethernet switch on a redundant Ethernet star network.
SWitch Redundant
SWR
C26x controller's board acting as an Ethernet switch on a redundant Ethernet ring network.
SWitch Unit
SWU
C26x controller's board acting as an Ethernet switch on a single Ethernet network.
T10x Term used to designate IEC 60870-5-10x protocols (x= 1, 3, 4)
TBC / TBD To Be Completed / Defined
Telecontrol Bus, generic name of networks and protocols used for communications between
DS Agile Gateway or the C26x Telecontrol Interface function and the RCP. Networks use
T-BUS
RS232, RS485, or Ethernet (T104). Protocols are IEC 60850-5-101 (T101) or MODICON
Modbus.
True Contact
TC A double counter is acquired on two contacts. One is called the true contact (TC), the other is
the complemented contact (CC). Normally these contacts have complementary states.
TCIP Tap Changer In Progress
Total Demand Distortion, similar to the THD but applied to currents and with a rated current (In)
TDD
used as reference.
TG Telecontrol Gateway
THD Total Harmonic Distortion, sum of all voltage harmonics.
TM Tele-Measurement (remote measurement)
TMU Transducerless Measurement Unit
Interlocking algorithm, based on the evaluation of topological information on the switchgear
Topological interlocking arrangement in the HV network, the type of switchgear and its location, as well as defined rules
for controlling this type of switchgear (e.g. power supply continuity).
Tap Position Indication (for transformers).
TPI
Frequently acquired via a Digital Measurement.
Tele-Signalling
TS
Logic position transmitted by a remote signal
Utility Communications Architecture
UCA
Communications standard mainly used in the US
Unit Per Impulse
UPI Counter parameter used to convert a number of pulses into a measurement value. Both data
(integer and scaled floating point) are in a common class UCA2 accumulator.
Universal Time Co-ordinates (or Universal Time Code)
UTC
UTC replaces GMT and it is identical.
VdBS Versioned data Base System, SCE-generated databag ready for download.
VDEW German subset of the IEC 60870-5-103 protocol.
VMGA Vertical Measurement Graphical Area
Voltage level Set of bays in which plants and devices operate at the same voltage (e.g. 275 kV).
Voltage Transformer
Basically the device connected to the electrical process used to extract a voltage
VT
measurement. By extension part of a device (C26x) that receives this AC value & converts it to
a numerical measurement value. VTs are wired in parallel.
Wide-Area Control Unit
WACU
High-level controller
WTS Windows Terminal Server, Microsoft’s remote desktop connection.
Phase-neutral analogue values received from the "wye"(also known as “star”) winding
WYE MV
connections of a transformer .


Alstom Grid
© - ALSTOM 2014. All rights reserved.

Information contained in this document is
indicative only. No representation or warranty
is given or should be relied on that it is
complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project. This will depend on the
technical and commercial circumstances. It is
provided without liability and is subject to
change without notice. Reproduction, use or
disclosure to third parties, without express
written authority, is strictly prohibited.
Alstom Grid Worldwide Contact Centre
www.alstom.com/grid/contactcentre/
Tel: +44 (0) 1785 250 070
www.alstom.com

C26x Enm C57a PDF

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

C26x Enm C57a PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

C26x Enm C57a PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DS Agile C26x

System version: 5.0.5

INTRODUCTION C26x/IT EN/C57a

SAFETY AND HANDLING C26x/SA EN/C57

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION C26x/FT EN/C57a

HARDWARE C26x/HW EN/C57a

CONNECTION C26x/CO EN/C57a

COMMUNICATIONS C26x/CT EN/C57a

NETWORK MONITORING C26x/NM EN/C57

INSTALLATION C26x/IN EN/C57a

APPLICATION C26x/AP EN/C57a

SETTINGS C26x/ST EN/C57

HUMAN INTERFACE C26x/HI EN/C57a

COMMISSIONING C26x/CM EN/C57

MAINTENANCE AND FAULT FINDING C26x/MF EN/C57a

RECORD SHEET C26x/RS EN/C57

TECHNICAL DATA C26x/TD EN/C57a

CURRENT TRANSFORMER TECHNICAL DATA C26x/CD EN/C57a

GLOSSARY C26x/LX EN/C57a

Refer to the System Release Notes for new features.

1 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE AND MICOM ALSTOM 3

2 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE MANUALS 4

3 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE APPLICATIONS 6

C26x/EN IT/C57a IT-1

IT-2 C26x/EN IT/C57a

1 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE AND MiCOM ALSTOM

• A range: Industrial PCs

C26x/EN IT/C57a IT-3

2 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE MANUALS

• information on the application of the controller,

2.1 CHAPTER DESCRIPTION

IT-4 C26x/EN IT/C57a

Installation Chapter (IN)

C26x/EN IT/C57a IT-5

3 INTRODUCTION TO DS AGILE APPLICATIONS

3.1 DS AGILE CONTROLLERS

3.2 APPLICATIONS AND SCOPE

IT-6 C26x/EN IT/C57a

Figure 1 : Typical use of a DS Agile C26x – Bay Controller

C26x/EN IT/C57a IT-7

Figure 2 : Typical use of a DS Agile C26x – Standalone RTU application

For details refer to the OI chapters.

IT-8 C26x/EN IT/C57a

• Boards in chapters C26x/EN HW and CO

C26x/EN IT/C57a IT-9

IT-10 C26x/EN IT/C57a

3 DECOMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL 6

4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY 7

5 HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT 8

6 PACKING AND UNPACKING 9

8 COPYRIGHTS & TRADEMARKS 11

9 WARNINGS REGARDING USE OF ALSTOM PRODUCTS 12

C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-1

SA-2 C26x/EN SA/C57

C26x/EN SA/C57 SA-3

2.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY

2.2 INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING