Ship
Ship
Ship
Ship-board organizational structure: The ship’s crews are the personnel who sail on
board a ship and are responsible for its operation, primarily when the ship is at sea (with
some responsibility when at port). For the purpose of ship operation and traditionally, the
crew of a commercial ship is divided into three departments :
Deck department
Engine department
The Captain or Master is the ship's highest responsible officer, acting on behalf of the ship's
owner / operator or manager. The Captain/Master is legally responsible for the day-to-day
management of the ship. It is his/her responsibility to ensure that all the departments
perform legally to the requirements of the ship's owner /operator or manager. The ship has
a number of deck officers that assist the master.
Master also usually has the advice of pilots while the ship is navigating in restricted waters,
such as narrow or shallow channels. Also, each shipboard department has a designated
head who reports to the master. The deck department is headed by a Chief Officer. The
engine department is headed by a Chief Engineer. He has other licensed engineers to assist
him with engine room watch and the performance of maintenance and repair activities in
the engine room. The Chief Steward is the head of the catering department. He assists the
captain in dealing with embarkation (entering a port) and disembarkation (leaving a port)
formalities and other administrative tasks, if necessary.
Additionally, in ports, he will take care of ordering and supervising the delivery of provisions
and galley supply and distribution and is in charge of crew wages, etc. The above roles and
their level of engagement will vary from one ship type to another.
Deck Department
Chief Officer: The Chief Officer, also called Chief Mate or First Mate is the head of the deck
department. He is second-in-command after the ship's master. The Chief Officer's primary
responsibilities are the vessel's cargo operations, its stability and supervising the deck crew.
The Chief Officer is responsible for the safety and security of the ship, as well as the welfare
of the crew on board.
The Chief Officer typically stands the 4-8 hours of navigation watch. Additional duties
include ensuring good maintenance of the ship's hull, cargo gears, accommodations, the
lifesaving and firefighting appliances. The Chief Officer also trains the crew and cadets on
various aspects like safety, firefighting, search and rescue and various other contingencies.
Second Officer: The Second Officer, also called Second Mate is usually in charge of ship
navigation with a position below Chief Officer and above Third Officer. He/she is the third-
in-command, after the Master and Chief Officer. The second officer typically stands watch
from 1200 to 1600 at noon and again from 0000 to 0400 in the nights.
Third Officer: The third officer also called 3rd Mate primarily charged with the safety of the
ship and crew. The Third officer generally serves as the ship's chief safety officer. The Third
Officer is the next licensed position on board the vessel, as fourth-in-command.
Engine department
The engineers on board ships are also called technical officers. They are responsible for
keeping the machinery maintained and operational. Today, ships are complex systems that
combine a lot of technology within a small space. This includes not only the engines and the
propulsion system, but also for example, the electrical power supply, devices for loading
and discharging, garbage incineration and fresh water generators. Additionally, more and
more environmental protection technologies, fuel treatment systems and cargo conditioning
devices are used on board ships. The upkeep of all these are in the hands of engine
department staff.
Chief Engineer: The Chief Engineer on a commercial vessel is the official title of someone
qualified to manage and oversee the engine department. The qualification for this position is
colloquially called a "chief's ticket". The Chief Engineer is responsible for all operations and
maintenance of all engineering equipment throughout the ship.
Second Engineer: The Second Engineer is the officer responsible for supervising the daily
maintenance and operation of the engineering systems. He or she reports directly to the
Chief Engineer. The Second Engineer is second in command in the engine department after
the ship's Chief Engineer. The person holding this position is typically the busiest engineer
on-board the ship, due to the supervisory role this engineer plays and the operations duties
performed. Operational duties include responsibility for the refrigeration systems, main
engines and any other equipment not assigned to the third or fourth engineers.
Third Engineer: The Third Engineer is junior to the second engineer in the engine
department and is usually in charge of boilers, fuel, auxiliary engines, condensate, and feed
systems. This engineer is typically in charge of bunkering, if the officer holds a valid
certificate for fuel transfer operations.
Fourth Engineer: The Fourth Engineer is junior to the third engineer in the engine
department. The most junior marine engineer of the ship, he or she is usually responsible
for electrical, sewage treatment, lube oil, bilge, and oily water separation systems.
Depending on usage, this person usually stands a watch. Moreover, the fourth engineer may
assist the third officer in maintaining proper operation of the lifeboats.
Steward's department
Chief Steward: The Chief Steward directs and assigns personnel that do functions such as
preparing meals, cleaning and maintaining officers' quarter, and managing the stores. The
Chief Steward also does other activities such as overtime and cost control records, and may
requisition or purchase stores and equipment. Other additional duties may include taking
part in cooking activities. The Chief Steward is assisted by a chief cook and his/her assistant
cooks, mess men and assistant stewards.