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    Basic Foundations of Spirituality

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    Kai
    Spirituality can be defined in various ways across different religious and philosophical traditions. It is often viewed as a personal pursuit of meaning, purpose, and transcendence that is not confined to any single religious institution. While spirituality is sometimes defined more broadly than religiosity, the two concepts are also often interconnected, with some arguing they represent a single construct. Major world religions like Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Judaism each have their own conceptions of spirituality and sacred practices, though spirituality itself is not exclusive to any religious tradition.

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    Basic Foundations of Spirituality

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    Kai
    203 views3 pages
    Spirituality can be defined in various ways across different religious and philosophical traditions. It is often viewed as a personal pursuit of meaning, purpose, and transcendence that is not confined to any single religious institution. While spirituality is sometimes defined more broadly than religiosity, the two concepts are also often interconnected, with some arguing they represent a single construct. Major world religions like Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Judaism each have their own conceptions of spirituality and sacred practices, though spirituality itself is not exclusive to any religious tradition.

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    Theology 103

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    Spirituality can be defined in various ways across different religious and philosophical traditions. It is often viewed as a personal pursuit of meaning, purpose, and transcendence that is not confined to any single religious institution. While spirituality is sometimes defined more broadly than religiosity, the two concepts are also often interconnected, with some arguing they represent a single construct. Major world religions like Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Judaism each have their own conceptions of spirituality and sacred practices, though spirituality itself is not exclusive to any religious tradition.

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    203 views3 pages

    Basic Foundations of Spirituality

    Uploaded by

    Kai
    Spirituality can be defined in various ways across different religious and philosophical traditions. It is often viewed as a personal pursuit of meaning, purpose, and transcendence that is not confined to any single religious institution. While spirituality is sometimes defined more broadly than religiosity, the two concepts are also often interconnected, with some arguing they represent a single construct. Major world religions like Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Judaism each have their own conceptions of spirituality and sacred practices, though spirituality itself is not exclusive to any religious tradition.

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    BASIC FOUNDATIONS OF SPIRITUALITY  According to Oman (2013) he compiled a list of past

    and present selected definitions of spirituality from


    various scholarly contexts:
    DEFINITIONS OF SPIRITUALITY
     Oman (2013, p. 28) also noted that “in the late 20th
     The word “spirituality” can be traced from its origin century, the word spirituality began to acquire an
    in the Letters of St. Paul especially in 1 Corinthians additional English usage as something that can be
    2:14-15 explicitly pursued not only within a formal religious
     By the 5th century words spiritus and spiritualis (Latin tradition, but also outside of traditions.”
    translation of pneuma and pneumatikos) has come to - “Spiritual But Not Religious”
    signify those individuals whose mind, will and heart
    were ordered and led by the spirit over against those
    egoistically attached to things of the world.
     In Hebrew, spirituality can be traced from the concept
    of “ruach” which means “breath, spirit or wind,”
    which is the one that animates.
     Spirituality can also refer to the organized study and
    teaching of the varieties of personal and communal
    spiritualities that have appeared in history and are
    appearing at this moment (Woods, 1989).
     Spirituality is viewed primarily as a subjective, “inner”
    pursuit that includes the inclination to perceive the
    self and others as “spiritual” and an existential search
    for meaning and transcendence (Astin et al., 2011).
     The term spirituality can be understood depending on
    the kind of thought it is being expressed. The Western
    thought has a different understanding of spirituality
    over the Eastern/Asian thought.
    Fisher (2011) proposed points of agreement on the
    nature of spirituality:
    1)innate
    2)emotive
    3)related to religion
    4)subjective
    5) dynamic
     Spirituality can be defined in various perspectives.
    Spirituality is often defined more broadly than
    religiosity, with a focus on seeking the sacred or
    ultimate truth without the institutional boundaries of
    organized religion (Newberg & Newberg, 2008 as  Other scholars cite the interconnectedness of
    cited in Brandenberger & Bowman, 2013). spirituality and religiosity as a single scientific
     Spirituality is also often connected with the concept construct (Good & Willoughby, 2014).
    of religion and religiosity. The foregoing history shows The interrelatedness of spirituality and religiosity
    how religion and spiritualty have carried many shifting (S/R) can be understood in the institutional and
    and sometimes opposed connotations, underscoring personal levels (Good, 2011as cited in Baring et al,
    the need to clarity their meanings (Oman, 2013). 2016).
     In a recent article published by Baring (2018) on the MAJOR WORLD RELIGIONS
    emerging transitions of meanings on religious
     Major world religions also present certain kind of
    constructs. Because of the shifts on diffused spiritual
    spirituality depending on their emphasis and
    religiosity and the emergence of the communal-
    meaning making. It can be said that spirituality is not
    personal poles in understanding religion (Figure 1)
    owned by any religion nor movements. Each religion
    and the sacred (Figure 2), he proposed a new shift
    has its own unique way of expressing and
    towards “ethical spirituality” (Figure 3) which
    strengthening their members’ spirituality.
    highlights the ethical character of the diffused
     Bowen (2018) provided the latest religious
    condition of spirituality and religiosity.
    demographics in the world. According to him,
    Christians are the majority group (31.5 %) of about
    2.2 billion people followed by Islam (22.3 %) with 1.6
    billion people, no religion (15.4 %), Hindu (14 %),
    Buddhist (5.3 %), Sikhism (0.3 % ), Judaism (0.2 %)
    and others (11 %).
    Islam
    - Founded :610 CE on the Arabian Peninsula by the
    Prophet Mohammed.
    - estimated 1.6 billion members.
    - Holy places such as Makkah (Mecca) and Madinah in
    Saudi Arabia.
    - Holy book is Qur’an
    - Holy symbols are the crescent and star.
    Hinduism
    -Founded and developed gradually in prehistoric
    times.
    - Around 1 billion followers.
    - Sacred places such as River Ganges especially at
    Varanasi (Benares) and other places in India.
    -Holy Books: Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata and
    Rarnayana
    - Holy Symbol: Aum
    Buddhism
    -Can be traced its beginnings in 535 CE in Northern
    India.
    - It has 576 million followers.
    - Holy Places: Bodh Gaya, Sarnath in Northern India
    – Holy Book:Tripitaka
    - Holy Symbol: eight-spoked wheel
    Sikhism
    -Founded in Northwest India in 15th Century CE.
    - 23 million followers
    - Holy Places: they consider takhts, or seats of high
    authority in Amritsar, Patna Sahib, Anandpur Sahib,
    Nanded and Talwandi
    -Holy books include the Guru Granth Sahib and their
    holy symbol is the Khanda, the symbol of the Khalsa
    Judaism
    -Founded in what is now Israel around 2,000 BCE
    -Around 14 million followers.
    - Jerusalem is considered to be a holy place especially
    the Western Wall.
    -Holy book includes the Torah, Nebiim and Ketubim
    (Tanak)
    - Holy symbol is the seven branched menorah (candle
    stand).
    THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SPIRITUALITY
     Religion brings together people of diverse beliefs.
    It requires distinctive format and traditional
    organizations. Religion embraces the 3 C’s
    Code
    Creed
    Cult
    SPIRITUALITY
    covers the entire range of man’s faculties: intellect,
    feeling, will, and all the attributes of personality.
    is the state of a soul vitalized by the Divine Spirit and
    made alive unto God.

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