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Arayat Volcano

Mount Arayat is an inactive stratovolcano located in the Philippines that has a breached crater on its northwest side formed by a large debris avalanche around 500,000 years ago. Post-collapse activity formed a lava dome inside the collapse scar. There are no records of historical eruptions, though weak steaming is present. The mountain is popular with tourists and locals hold folklore about spirits inhabiting the volcano.

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Kathlyn S. Bendaña
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852 views6 pages

Arayat Volcano

Mount Arayat is an inactive stratovolcano located in the Philippines that has a breached crater on its northwest side formed by a large debris avalanche around 500,000 years ago. Post-collapse activity formed a lava dome inside the collapse scar. There are no records of historical eruptions, though weak steaming is present. The mountain is popular with tourists and locals hold folklore about spirits inhabiting the volcano.

Uploaded by

Kathlyn S. Bendaña
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arayat volcano/Mt.

Arayat
Arayat is a forested stratovolcano above
the flat Central Plain of Luzon Island and
located NE of Angeles city, Philippines. It
belongs to the Eastern Volcanic Chain,
which includes Mounts Balungao, Cuyapo,
Amorong and Arayat volcanoes.
Mt. Arayat's cone is probably built upon an
older crater of 900 m diameter, whose
remnants form the northern (1026 m) and
southern (920 m) peaks.
There are no known eruptions in historic
times, but weak fumarolic activity is
present on the NW summit of Arayat
volcano.
Background:
A large breached crater on the WNW side
was formed by a large debris avalanche
that occurred within the past 500,000
years and left a large hummocky deposit in
the plain at the W and NW feet the
volcano.
Post-collapse volcanic activity formed the
White Rock andesitic lava dome inside the
collapse scar.(
(https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/arayat.html)

A large breached crater exsits which was


created by a large debris avalanche( is the
sudden catastrophic collapse landslide) from an
unstable side of a volcano ) that occurred within
the past 500,000 years and has left a large
hummocky (cross-stratification is a type of
sedimentary structure found in sandstones. It
is a form of cross-bedding usually formed by
the action of large storms, such as
hurricanes.)deposit in the plain at the foot the
volcano. Post-collapse volcanic activity formed
the White Rock andesitic lava dome inside the
collapse scar. (http://topicalphilippines.com/Volcanoes/Mount_Arayat.html)
Mount.
Arayat
Mount Arayat is an inactive basaltic volcano on Luzon Island, Philippines, rising to a height of
1,026 metres (3,366 ft). The volcano has a breached crater on its northwest side with a smaller
andesitic dome in the collapse amphitheater. There are no historical records of eruption in Arayat
and the only dated rocks are 0.53 and 0.65 million-year-old basalts predating the collapse and
formation of the lava dome. [1]
The mountain is located in a flat agricultural region at 15°12′N 120°45′E. The southern half of the
mountain lies within the municipality of Arayat, Pampanga, while the north half and the mountain
summit lies within Magalang. Ten miles to the west of Mount Arayat is Angeles City and the
former Clark Air Base. Mount Pinatubo is located a further 26 km (16 mi) west. The Volcano is a
popular Tourist destination for people visiting the central plains. About 10 km (6 mi) to the north
west is the "Angeles City flying club" that offers pilots education and sightseeing flights to Mount
Arayat with ultralight airplanes. The territory is called "Woodland Air Park" in Magalang.
The mountain is considered a mystical one, the legendary home of Aung/Aring
Sinukuan/Sinkuan/Suku or the Fairy known as diwata Mariang Sinukuan depending on which
version of the story the readers or listeners prefer, but in ancient Kapampangan folklore as well
as the research known to have been gathered by Kapampangan students of Henry Otley Beyer,
it was and is the abode of Apung/Aring Sinukuan, rival of Namalyari of Mount Pinatubo, who is in
varying versions, the son of Cargon-Cargon who was mortally wounded in a fight with a giant
from the Zambales Mountain Range which is said to be the home of Apu Namalyari. The
mountain is currently under an immense deforestation threat. Locals have cited that there is a
man in the mountain, angry due to the deforestation that was happening. Others say that it was
Aring Sinukuan.

Geography[edit]
Mount Arayat stands in the middle of the flat Central Luzon Plain, consisting of rice paddies and
a typical elevation of about 15 to 35 metres MSL. The mountain is topped by a circular volcanic
crater about 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) in diameter, much of which has collapsed on the western
and part of the northern rim due to erosion. This has resulted in a breached crater which opens in
a west-northwest direction. This area is the apparent source of a major debris-avalanche deposit
that forms hummocky terrain beyond the west and northwest sides of the volcano. The 1,026-
metre (3,366 ft) summit stands on the northeast side of the breached crater, known as North
Peak, while the 984-metre (3,228 ft) Pinnacle Peak is located on the southeast crater rim.[3] Post-
collapse activity formed an andesitic dome known as White Rock in the collapse amphitheater.[1]

Eruptions[edit]
There are no cultural records of historical eruptions. However, weak steaming is currently
present in some of the heavily eroded vents on the North Western side of the summit. The
ancient eruptions were said to have caused the formation of a Lava Dome on the Western
Slopes of the mountain known as White Rock which makes a nice tourist destination and is
usually a field trip destination for students of Pampanga State Agricultural University. The Arayat
amphitheatre is said to have been caused by the summit's collapse on the western side but a
much deeper crater is present on the eastern side, it was said that the mountain was once a
volcanic island, until eruptions covered the surrounding area with soil, eruptions were said to be
the possible cause of a theorized re-route of Pampanga River which is said to have once passed
on the western side rather than eastern side where it currently moves.[1]

Geology[edit]
Rock types are basalt and andesite. The only rocks reported to have been dated are 0.53 and
0.65 million-year-old basalts.[1]These predate the crater collapse and formation of the lava dome
known as White Rock, which could have occurred in the last 2000 years. The mountain which is
believed to be several peaks merged at the top by some local people is actually a Single-
Cone Stratovolcano.

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