Quick Reference: Politics and Law - Political Ideologies

Quick Reference
POLITICS AND LAW - POLITICAL

IDEOLOGIES
Political Ideologies | Parliamentary Terms | British Politics | British
Law | Legal Terms
Ideologies are the sets of basic beliefs about the political, economic,
social and cultural affairs held by the majority of people within as
society.
absolutism. System where the rulers have unlimited control.
anarchism. Society without government, laws, police or other authority.
System of self-control.
aristocracy. The privilege of social class whose members possess
disproportionately large percentage of society's wealth, prestige and
political influence.
autocracy. Supreme political power is in the hands of one person whose
decision are unregulated..
capitalism. Right-wing political system where the principle means of
production and distribution are in private hands.
communism. Extreme left-wing ideology based on the revolutionary
socialist teachings of Marx. Collective ownership and a planned economy.
Each should work to their capability and receive according to their needs.
conservatism. Governmental system where the existing institution are
maintained, emphasizing free-enterprise and minimal governmental
intervention.
democracy. Government by the people usually through elected
representatives.
dictatorship. Government by a single person with absolute control over
the resources of the state.
egalitaranism. Belief where all citizens have equal rights and privileges.
fascism. Extreme right-wing ideology where the existing social order is
protected by the forcible suppression of the working class.
imperialism. The extension of power and rule beyond established
geographical boundaries.
liberalism. Representative government, free-speech, abolition of class
privilege and state protection of the individual.
Marxism. Developed by Marx and Engles, it proposes that all is subject
to change and resistance to change necessitates the overthrow of the
system through class struggle.
Maoism. Interpretation of Marxist communism emphasizing the
development of agriculture.
Monarchy. A form of rule in which the head of state is a King or Queen.
nationalism. The unification of the state and release from foreign rule.
oligarchy. A system of government in which virtually all power is held a
small number of wealthy people who shape policy to benefit themselves.
populism. Collective noun for the ideologies which demand the
redistribution of political power and economic leadership to the 'common
people'.
socialism. Left-wing political system where the principle means of
production, distribution and exchange are in common ownership.
theocracy. Rule by the church.
totalitarianism. Government control of all activities.
Trotskyism. Form of Marxism incorporating the concept of permanent
revolution.
THE LEFT
liberty. The freedom of speech and the right to dissent.
equality. A classless society with the redistribution of wealth through a
welfare state.
fraternity. The communal brotherhood, working and living as one.
THE RIGHT
authority. The preservation of order through an evolved authority.
hierarchy. The continuation of the existing social order.
property. The right to private ownership.
All these are political ideologies.
Socialism: The state owns everything and human capital is used to create wealth and
distribute it in an egalitarian manner. Good in theory but very bad in practice.
Capitalism: The state owns nothing and its only business is to keep law and order in its
territory. All services and products are provided for by private entities. Bad in theory but good in
practice.
Leftist: They are usually progressive in nature, they look to the future, aim to support those
who cannot support themselves, are idealist and believe in equality. People who are left wing
believe in taxation to redistribute opportunity and wealth - things like a national health service,
and job seeker’s allowance are fundamentally left wing ideas. They believe in equality over the
freedom to fail. Essentially communists or socialists.
Rightists: They value tradition, they are about equity, survival of the fittest, and they believe in
economic freedom. They typically believe that business shouldn’t be regulated, and that we
should all look after ourselves. Right wing people tend believe they shouldn’t have to pay for
someone else’s education or health service. They believe in freedom to succeed over equality.
Essentially capitalists.
Liberalism: It is a political philosophy which is not conservative in nature and favours

progress and reforms. They are an amalgam of leftist and rightists
Marxism is a worldview and method of societal analysis that focuses on class relations
and societal conflict, that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development,
and a dialectical view of social transformation. [1]
K. Marx defined social classes by the ownership of the means of production. Not
whatever property, not personal goods and savings, as it is accepted today, but natural
resources and tools. Capitalist owns means of production and product of wage labor. If
you have tools, produce and sell something yourself with no employees, you are not a
capitalist.
Working class, according to Marx, is selling their labor in exchange to a wage. If you are
a millionaire, but do not own means of production and hire workers to make profit, you
are still belonging to the working class. If you buy stock, you become a co-owner of the
means of production, start getting your part of profit - you are capitalist.
Capitalism is an economic system in which trade, industries, and the means of

production are largely or entirely privately owned and operated for profit. [2]
There is a misconception about capitalism being a socioeconomic system based on free
market without centralized management of resources. Market existed already in slavery;
slaves were sold free an easily, but it did not make the system a capitalist one.
Also, capitalism should not be conflated with democracy. Democracy is a type of
government and is not required for capitalism. It can be monarchy, totalitarianism,
whatever; but an economy based on one class making profit from other class labor is
capitalist one.
Communism (from Latin communis – common, universal)[1][2] is a socioeconomic

system structured upon the common ownership of the means of production and
characterized by the absence of social classes, money,[3][4] and the state; as well as a
social, political and economic ideology and movement that aims to establish this social
order. [3]
There is no money, no classes, no state. Having no state implies communism in its pure
form is possible only for the whole planet, not one country - it's because other countries
would destroy this one for their profit: take for free there and sell for profit here.
In a communist society there is no scarcity. That makes the distribution principle "From
each according to their ability, to each according to their needs" possible.
It is necessary to mention, people in this society are different: they have different values
and goals in life. Today's men wouldn't fit.
Socialism is a social and economic system characterised by social ownership of

the means of production and co-operative management of the economy,[1][2] as well as
a political theory and movement that aims at the establishment of such a system. [4]
Socialism is a first transient stage of communism. It should not be confused with the
Welfare State [5] which represents capitalism with some moderation made by the state
in order to make it more stable and to reduce social problems.
Modern welfare states include the Nordic countries, such

as Iceland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland[2] which employ a system known
as the Nordic model. [ibid]
There is no abundance in socialism, and its distribution principle is "From each

according to their ability, to each according to their contribution."
Money and state exist in this society, while there is no profit one social class is making
from the work of another class.
Fascism (/fæʃɪzəm/) is a form of radical authoritariannationalism[1][2] that came to

prominence in early 20th-century Europe. Influenced by national syndicalism,
fascism originated in Italyduring World War I, combining more typically right-
wing positions with elements of left-wing politics,[3] in opposition
to liberalism, Marxism, and traditional conservatism. Although fascism is often placed
on the far-right within the traditional left–right spectrum, several academics have said
that the description is inadequate.[4][5] [6]
Fascism does not consider two classes, workers and capitalists, as a socioeconomic
problem; instead, it sees corruption in a capitalist economy as a source of all conflicts.
That is, workers and capitalists are good friends fighting against parasitic elements in
the name of nation. [7]
This a is a mix of nationalist politics with capitalist economy, with no goals of making
transition to a different system such as communism.

Quick Reference: Politics and Law - Political Ideologies

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Quick Reference: Politics and Law - Political Ideologies

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Quick Reference: Politics and Law - Political Ideologies

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Quick Reference

POLITICS AND LAW - POLITICAL

All these are political ideologies.

Liberalism: It is a political philosophy which is not conservative in nature and favours

Capitalism is an economic system in which trade, industries, and the means of

Communism (from Latin communis – common, universal)[1][2] is a socioeconomic

Socialism is a social and economic system characterised by social ownership of

Modern welfare states include the Nordic countries, such

There is no abundance in socialism, and its distribution principle is "From each

Fascism (/fæʃɪzəm/) is a form of radical authoritariannationalism[1][2] that came to

You might also like